Automatic gasket penetrating and gluing machine for large-specification bolts and method of automatic gasket penetrating and gluing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-specification bolt automatic gasket penetrating and gluing machine and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bolt machining equipment. Comprising a bolt push plate feeding machine used for automatically feeding and arranging bolts; the bolt distributing and stopping mechanism is arranged below the discharging end of the bolt push plate feeding machine and used for outputting the bolts; the bolt grabbing mechanism is arranged below the bolt distributing and stopping mechanism and used for clamping bolts; the gasket penetrating mechanism is connected with the bolt grabbing mechanism and used for driving the bolts to descend to complete gasket penetrating action; the rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the bolt to rotate; the gluing mechanism is used for gluing the bolt threads; the discharging mechanism is used for automatically discharging the glued bolts; and the control unit is used for coordinating actions of all the mechanisms and realizing full-process automatic control. The full process of bolt feeding, gasket penetrating, thread gluing and discharging is integrated, and equipment investment is reduced; and procedure switching is simplified, and the requirement for batch assembly of heavy equipment is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automatic washer-inserting and adhesive-applying machine and method for large-size bolts, belonging to the technical field of bolt processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the assembly of heavy equipment such as construction machinery and vehicles, the installation and gluing of large-diameter bolts (such as M20 and above) are critical processes to ensure connection reliability, and their quality directly affects the safety and lifespan of the equipment. Currently, various automated devices have emerged in the industry to replace traditional manual operations, but significant shortcomings remain regarding their compatibility with large-diameter bolts and overall process efficiency. For example, patent publication number CN222872570U discloses a glue-applying device for bolt maintenance. This device is designed for corrosion protection of the bolt's outer circumference and uses blade plates to enclose the bolt in a hexagonal space for glue injection and shaping. However, it lacks an integrated washer function, resulting in fragmented processes that cannot meet the integrated needs of bolt production. The blade plate enclosure structure is suitable for corrosion protection of small and medium-sized bolts but cannot withstand the clamping and displacement loads of large-sized bolts. Another example is patent publication number CN113289866A, which discloses an automatic glue applicator at both ends. This machine applies glue to the terminals at both ends of the product but does not involve bolt washer insertion. Furthermore, the glue is applied to the terminals rather than the bolt threads, and the conveying and lifting mechanism is designed for lightweight products, making it unable to stably secure large-sized bolts. Existing automated equipment for small and medium-sized bolts achieves automated glue application and washer insertion, but the glue application accuracy is difficult to control, the gripping and transport design is not smooth enough, and it cannot achieve individual bolt sorting and handling. Therefore, the existing technology has the following shortcomings: Functional deficiencies: None of them have achieved integrated gluing of large-size bolt washers, or the gluing object is unrelated to the bolt manufacturing process; Poor adaptability: The clamping and shifting structure is not designed for large-size bolts, which can easily cause them to shake or fall off. Low efficiency: Single-station operation cannot meet the needs of mass production; Poor uniformity of adhesive application: The adhesive application mechanism is not linked to the bolt rotation, resulting in incomplete adhesive coverage of the threads. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine and method for large-size bolts, which solves the core pain points of the prior art and improves the efficiency and quality of bolt production.

[0004] The large-size bolt automatic washer-insertion and glue-applying machine of the present invention includes: The bolt pusher plate feeder is used for automatic bolt feeding. The bolt pusher plate feeder is connected to a bolt distribution and conveying mechanism, through which the bolts are conveyed after feeding. A bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism is installed at the discharge end of the bolt distribution and conveying mechanism to realize the distribution and output of bolts; A bolt gripping mechanism is located below the bolt distribution and cutoff mechanism and is used to grip and transfer bolts. Gasket vibratory feeder, used for automatic feeding and arrangement of gaskets; The pad-feeding mechanism is connected to the bolt gripping mechanism and is used to drive the bolt down to complete the pad-feeding action; The shifting mechanism covers the pad insertion position, glue application position, and material unloading position, and is used for the station transfer of bolts; Rotary drive mechanism, used to drive bolts to rotate; The adhesive application mechanism is used to apply adhesive to the threads of bolts. The unloading mechanism is used to automatically unload bolts after gluing. The control unit is used to coordinate the actions of various mechanisms to achieve fully automated control of the entire process.

[0005] Preferably, the bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism includes a distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism, two sets of guiding devices, a lifting cylinder, a cut-off baffle, and a bolt clamping mechanism. The output end of the lifting cylinder is connected to the power input end of the distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism. The distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism is provided with two power output ends that move in opposite directions, and each power output end is connected to a set of guiding devices. The bottom end of the first set of guiding devices is connected to the bolt clamping mechanism, and the bottom end of the second set of guiding devices is connected to the cut-off baffle. The cut-off baffle is located on the side of the bolt clamping mechanism facing the bolt feeder and is used to cut off the subsequent pushing of the bolt queue. The bolt clamping mechanism and the cut-off baffle move in opposite directions synchronously.

[0006] Preferably, the shim vibratory feeder is connected to a linear vibrating track, and the end of the linear vibrating track is provided with a shim pushing cylinder, a shim positioning mechanism, and an inductive proximity sensor; the inductive proximity sensor is installed below the shim positioning mechanism and is used to detect the shim positioning signal.

[0007] Preferably, the bolt gripping mechanism includes a gripper and a cylinder body; the pad-penetrating mechanism includes a lifting seat, a pad-penetrating lifting cylinder, a floating joint, and a linear slide rail, with the cylinder body mounted on the lifting seat.

[0008] Preferably, the shifting mechanism includes an extension cylinder, a shifting cylinder, a linear guide rail, a left shifting device, and a right shifting device; the left shifting device and the right shifting device are used to realize the position transfer of the two bolts, so as to achieve parallel shifting.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary drive lifting cylinder, a rotary drive motor, a coupling, a rotary drive pressure head, and a rotary drive slide rail; the rotary drive motor is connected to the rotary drive pressure head through the coupling, and the rotary drive lifting cylinder is used to control the lifting of the rotary drive motor; a lifting mechanism is provided below the rotary drive mechanism corresponding to its position, and the lifting mechanism is used to cooperate with the rotary drive mechanism to support and position the bottom of the bolt; during glue application, for every one revolution of the rotary drive motor, the glue application mechanism rises by one bolt thread pitch, realizing precise linkage between rotation and glue application.

[0010] Preferably, the glue application mechanism includes a servo motor, a glue application valve, a slider, and a second linear guide rail; the glue application valve is fixed on the slider of the second linear guide rail and its lifting is controlled by the servo motor; the glue application speed and the rotary drive mechanism are jointly determined by the rotation speed of the rotary drive mechanism and the bolt pitch.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a material tray and a material tray moving device; after the material tray is full, the material tray shaft automatically moves one column to continue feeding; after the material tray is completely full, it is lifted by a lifting cylinder and placed on a transfer cart.

[0012] Preferably, the device also includes a fixed stand. The control unit includes a touch screen operation panel, function buttons, indicator lights, and an audible and visual alarm. The touch screen operation panel can be set with parameters such as bolt thread pitch, number of empty threads, and rotation speed. The function buttons include an emergency stop button, a start button, a pause button, a manual / automatic switch button, and a reset button. The indicator lights are used to display the device's running / standby / abnormal status, and the audible and visual alarm is used for fault alarm prompts.

[0013] The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts of the present invention, based on the automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts, includes the following steps: S1: The bolt pusher feeder sorts and arranges the bolts to be discharged to the bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism. After the bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism clamps one bolt, the bolt gripping mechanism transports the bolt. The bolt arrival signal is detected by a photoelectric sensor. S2: The bolt gripping mechanism clamps the bolt, and the washer insertion mechanism drives the bolt down to align with the washer insertion position and then releases the bolt to complete the washer insertion action. The washer placement signal is detected by an inductive proximity sensor. S3: The shifting mechanism moves the bolt after the pad is inserted from the pad insertion position to the glue application position. The glue application position arrival signal is detected by the photoelectric sensor. At the same time, the bolt after the glue application is completed is moved from the glue application position to the unloading position. S4: The rotary drive mechanism descends to press down on the bolt head, the lifting mechanism rises to press down on the bottom of the bolt, the rotary drive mechanism rotates, the glue application mechanism opens and follows the rise and fall, and the glue application speed matches the rotation speed of the rotary drive mechanism. S5: After the material tray of the feeding mechanism is full, it moves to a new position. Once the entire tray is full, it is lifted by the lifting cylinder and placed on the transfer cart.

[0014] Compared with the existing technology, the large-sized bolt automatic gasket-piercing and glue-coating machine and its method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. Integrated function, simplified process The present invention integrates the full process of bolt feeding → gasket-piercing → thread glue-coating → blanking, reducing equipment investment; simplifying process switching and adapting to the batch assembly requirements of heavy equipment.

[0015] 2. Significantly improved adaptability to large-sized bolts Aiming at the defect that the existing technology cannot adapt to large-sized bolts, the present invention designs a strengthened jaw + stable displacement mechanism to improve the clamping stability and avoid displacement and falling off; it is compatible with a variety of large-sized bolts, covering the core connection requirements of construction machinery.

[0016] 3. The uniformity and coverage of thread glue-coating meet the standards The present invention adopts the linkage control of a rotary drive head and a glue-coating valve to achieve complete coverage of thread glue-coating, with a uniform glue layer thickness, meeting the anti-corrosion and sealing standards of heavy equipment. The bolt feeding cutoff mechanism cuts off the bolts behind while clamping and feeding bolts, ensuring that only one bolt comes out at a time, and performing feeding, gasket-piercing and glue-coating for a single bolt, meeting the requirements of large-sized bolts, with a novel and ingenious structure.

[0017] 4. Greatly improved production efficiency The present invention is designed with multiple workstations in parallel to increase the hourly processing volume and adapt to batch production requirements.

[0018] 5. Full-process automation, reducing labor intensity The present invention realizes full-process unmanned intervention, reducing labor costs; improving the operation stability of the equipment and meeting the requirements of continuous production.

[0019] The present invention fills the technical gap in the integration of gasket-piercing and glue-coating for large-sized bolts, providing an efficient and reliable automatic solution for bolt assembly of heavy equipment. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the structure diagram of the bolt feeding cutoff mechanism in the present invention; Figure 3 is the structure diagram of the bolt gripping mechanism in the present invention; Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the gasket-piercing mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 is the structure diagram of the displacement mechanism in the present invention; Figure 6 is the structure diagram of the glue-coating mechanism in the present invention; Figure 7This is a structural diagram of the linear vibration track in this invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the shifting mechanism; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bolt material distribution and cut-off mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the bolt material distribution and cut-off mechanism in the overall structure of this invention; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the vibratory feeder of the present invention from the perspective of its structure. Figure 12 This is a structural front view of the rotary drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a front view of the structure of the rotary drive mechanism of the present invention from the perspective of the invention; Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the structure of the rotary drive mechanism in the method of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Bolt pusher loading machine; 2. Fixed frame; 3. Bolt feeding and conveying mechanism; 4. Bolt gripping mechanism; 5. Washer insertion mechanism; 6. Shifting mechanism; 7. Glue application mechanism; 8. Rotary drive mechanism; 9. Unloading mechanism; 10. Lifting mechanism; 11. Bolt feeding and stopping mechanism; 13. Washer vibratory feeder; 14. Touch screen operation panel; 15. Function buttons; 16. Indicator lights; 17. Audible and visual alarm; 18. Bolt feeding and conveying track; 19. Unloading inclined track; 31. Material distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism; 32. Guiding device; 33. Lifting cylinder; 34. Bolt clamping mechanism; 35. Cut-off baffle; 41. Gripper; 42. Cylinder body; 50. Lifting seat; 51. Through-shield lifting cylinder; 52. Floating joint; 53. Linear slide rail; 61. Extension cylinder; 62. Shifting cylinder; 63. Linear guide rail one; 64. Left shifting device; 65. Right shifting device; 71. Servo motor; 73. Glue dispensing valve; 74. Slider; 75. Linear guide rail II; 81. Rotary drive lifting cylinder; 82. Rotary drive motor; 83. Coupling; 84. Rotary drive pressure head; 85. Rotary drive slide rail; 131. Straight vibration track; 132. Push pad cylinder; 133. Pad positioning mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Example 1: like Figures 1-13As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses an automatic bolt washer-inserting and gluing machine, including: a bolt pusher plate loading machine 1, a fixed frame 2, and a bolt distribution and cutting mechanism 11, a bolt gripping mechanism 4, a washer vibrating plate 13, an washer-inserting mechanism 5, a shifting mechanism 6, a rotary drive mechanism 8, a gluing mechanism 7, a feeding mechanism 9, and a transfer cart installed on the fixed frame 2; the bolt pusher plate loading machine 1 is used for automatic bolt feeding, and the bolt pusher plate loading machine 1 is connected to a bolt distribution and conveying mechanism 3, and the bolts after feeding are conveyed through the bolt distribution and conveying mechanism 3.

[0023] A bolt distribution and shut-off mechanism 11 is located at the end of the bolt distribution and conveying mechanism 3 at the discharge end. A bolt gripping mechanism 4 is located below the bolt distribution and shut-off mechanism 11. A gasket vibratory feeder 13 is connected to a linear vibratory track 131, and a gasket threading mechanism 5 is located at the end of the linear vibratory track 131. A shifting mechanism 6 covers the gasket threading position, the glue application position, and the unloading position. A rotary drive mechanism 8 is controlled to rotate by a rotary drive motor 82 and to lift by a rotary drive lifting cylinder 81. A glue application mechanism 7 is controlled to lift by a servo motor 71. An unloading mechanism 9 is connected to a transfer cart. A control unit is used to coordinate the actions of each mechanism to achieve fully automated control of the entire process.

[0024] This equipment is supported by a fixed frame 2, and the functional mechanisms are arranged according to the process flow: the bolt pusher plate feeder 1 is located on the left side of the frame, the bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism 11 is located below it, the bolt gripping mechanism 4 is connected to the pad insertion mechanism 5, the pad vibrating plate 13 is located on the right side of the frame, the shifting mechanism 6 covers the pad insertion / glue application / unloading position, the rotary drive mechanism 8 and the glue application mechanism 7 are located in the middle of the frame, the unloading mechanism 9 is connected to the transfer cart at the end of the frame, and the control system panel is located on the front of the frame.

[0025] The upper front side of the fixed frame 2 is equipped with a touch screen operation panel 14, function buttons 15, indicator lights 16 and an audible and visual alarm 17; the touch screen operation panel 14 can set the bolt thread pitch, number of empty threads and rotation speed parameters; the function buttons 15 include an emergency stop button, a start button, a pause button, a manual / automatic switch button and a reset button.

[0026] Touchscreen control panel 14: Set parameters such as bolt thread pitch, number of uncut threads, and rotation speed; Function button 15: Emergency stop, start, pause, manual / automatic switch, reset button; Status indication: Indicator light 16 shows the device's running / standby / abnormal status, and audible and visual alarm 17 indicates a fault.

[0027] The bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism 11 includes a distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism 31, two sets of guide devices 32, a lifting cylinder 33, a cut-off baffle 35, and a bolt clamping mechanism 34. The output end of the lifting cylinder 33 is connected to the power input end of the distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism 31. The distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism 31 is provided with two power output ends that move in opposite directions. Each of the two power output ends is connected to a set of guide devices 32. The bottom end of the first set of guide devices 32 is connected to the bolt clamping mechanism 34, and the bottom end of the second set of guide devices 32 is connected to the cut-off baffle 35. The cut-off baffle 35 is located on the side of the bolt clamping mechanism 34 facing the bolt pusher loading machine 1, and is used to cut off the subsequent pushing of the bolt queue. The bolt clamping mechanism 34 and the cut-off baffle 35 move in opposite directions synchronously.

[0028] The bottom of the first set of guide devices 32 is fixed with a bolt clamping mechanism 34. The bolt clamping mechanism 34 is a two-jaw symmetrical clamping structure. The two jaws have arc-shaped clamping grooves that are adapted to the bolt head on their inner sides. After the two jaws are closed, the width of the arc-shaped grooves is smaller than the width of the opposite side of the bolt head, which can stably support the bolt head and prevent it from falling off.

[0029] The bottom of the second set of guiding devices 32 is fixed with a stop plate 35. The stop plate 35 is located on the side of the bolt clamping mechanism 34 facing the unloading inclined track, which can completely block the subsequent bolt queue in the track, ensuring that only one bolt is dispensed at a time.

[0030] The bolt gripping mechanism 4 includes a gripper 41 and a cylinder body 42. The gripper 41 and the cylinder body 42 are connected by bolts. The cylinder body 42 is mounted on the lifting seat 50 of the pad-feeding mechanism 5. The pad-feeding mechanism 5 includes a lifting seat 50, a pad-feeding lifting cylinder 51, a floating joint 52, and a linear slide rail 53.

[0031] The end of the straight vibration track 131 connected to the shim vibratory plate 13 is equipped with a shim pushing cylinder 132, a shim positioning mechanism 133 and an inductive proximity sensor; the inductive proximity sensor is installed below the shim positioning mechanism 133 to detect the shim positioning signal; the bolt positioning signal at the outlet of the bolt feeding cut-off mechanism 11 is detected and identified by a photoelectric sensor.

[0032] The shifting mechanism 6 consists of a shifting cylinder 62, an extending cylinder 61, and a linear guide rail 63. The shifting mechanism 6 covers the pad-through position, the glue-applying position, and the unloading position, with a shifting range of 260mm. The shifting device is mounted on the extending cylinder 61, and the extending cylinder 61 is mounted on the shifting cylinder 62. The shifting device consists of two parts and can simultaneously clamp two bolts. When the shifting mechanism 6 operates, the left shifting device 64 pushes the bolt with the pad through from the pad-through position to the glue-applying position, and the right shifting device 65 pushes the bolt with the glue applied onto the material tray. This achieves parallel shifting and improves work efficiency.

[0033] The rotary drive mechanism 8 includes a rotary drive lifting cylinder 81, a rotary drive motor 82, a coupling 83, a rotary drive pressure head 84, and a rotary drive slide rail 85. The rotary drive motor 82 is connected to the rotary drive pressure head 84 via the coupling 83. The rotary drive lifting cylinder 81 controls the lifting and lowering of the rotary drive motor 82. A connecting plate is provided on the back of the rotary drive motor 82, and a slider adapted to the rotary drive slide rail 85 is connected to the connecting plate. The output end of the rotary drive lifting cylinder 81 is connected to the connecting plate. The back of the rotary drive motor 82 is slidably mounted on the vertically arranged rotary drive slide rail 85 via the slider, and can be lifted and lowered along the rotary drive slide rail 85. A lifting mechanism 10 is provided below the rotary drive mechanism 8, and the lifting mechanism 10 is used to cooperate with the rotary drive mechanism 8 to support and position the bottom of the bolt.

[0034] During adhesive application, for every revolution of the rotary drive motor 82, the adhesive application mechanism 7 rises by the distance of one bolt thread pitch, achieving precise linkage between rotation and adhesive application. The PLC control system calculates the lifting and lowering speed of the adhesive application valve based on the rotation speed of the rotary drive motor 82 and the bolt thread pitch, ensuring that the rotary motor and the lifting motor operate in match and guaranteeing uniform adhesive application.

[0035] The glue application mechanism 7 includes a glue application valve 73, a second linear guide rail 75, a slider 74, and a servo motor 71. The glue application valve 73 is fixed on the slider 74 of the second linear guide rail 75 and its lifting speed is controlled by the servo motor 71. The lifting speed is determined by the rotation speed of the rotary drive motor 82 of the rotary drive mechanism 8 and the bolt thread pitch. The rotary drive motor 82 is linked with the glue application valve 73. For every one revolution, the glue application valve rises by one thread pitch, ensuring uniform glue application to the threads.

[0036] The feeding mechanism 9 includes a material tray and a material tray moving device; after the material tray is full, the material tray shaft moves one position to continue feeding; after the material tray is fully filled, it is lifted by the lifting cylinder and placed on the transfer car.

[0037] Working principle: Bolt and washer loading and positioning: Bolt pusher loading machine 1 sorts bolts and transports them through bolt feeding conveyor track 18. A discharge inclined track 19 is provided before the bolt feeding conveyor track 18 and the bolt sorting and stopping mechanism 11. The discharge inclined track 19 discharges to the bolt clamping mechanism 34. In the initial state, the lifting cylinder 33 is in the extended state. Through the double crank linkage structure, it drives the two sets of guide devices 32 to move. The two jaws of the bolt clamping mechanism 34 are closed, and the stopping baffle 35 is in the open state. The bolt in the discharge inclined track 19 slides into the arc-shaped clamping groove of the bolt clamping mechanism 34 under the action of gravity and is supported and positioned by the jaws. Detection trigger: After the photoelectric detection switch detects that the bolt is in place, it sends a signal to the control unit, and the lifting cylinder retracts; Material sorting action: The lifting cylinder 33 retracts, driving the double crank linkage structure to move. The two sets of guide devices 32 separate synchronously in opposite directions. The two jaws of the bolt clamping mechanism 34 open, and at the same time, the stop baffle 35 moves in the feeding direction to the closed state, blocking the subsequent bolts in the unloading inclined track 19. The loosened single bolt falls to the downstream gripping station under the action of gravity, completing the single bolt sorting. The bolt axis is aligned with the center of the jaw 41 of the lower bolt gripping mechanism 4, and the jaw 41 of the bolt gripping mechanism 4 clamps the bolt from the middle. The bolt transfer is completed.

[0038] The gasket vibratory plate 13 screens and arranges the gaskets to be discharged to the end of the linear vibratory track 131. The gasket is pushed to the gasket positioning mechanism 133 by the gasket pushing cylinder 132. The gasket positioning signal is detected and identified by the inductive proximity sensor installed below the gasket positioning mechanism 133.

[0039] Wearing pads: The clamping jaws 41 of the bolt gripping mechanism 4 clamp the bolt output from the bolt distribution and cutting-off mechanism 11. The washer insertion mechanism 5 drives the bolt to move downward along the linear slide rail 53, cooperating with the washer positioning mechanism 133 to complete the washer insertion action. After the bolt reaches the position of the washer positioning mechanism 133, the clamping jaws 41 of the bolt gripping mechanism 4 release, and the bolt falls into the washer, completing the washer insertion action.

[0040] Workstation transfer: The left-side shifting device 64 of the shifting mechanism 6 moves the bolt after it has been fitted with a pad from the pad to the gluing position. The signal that the bolt has reached the gluing position is detected and identified by the photoelectric sensor installed on the side. The shifting action can be completed simultaneously in two stations: while the bolt after it has been fitted with a pad is moved to the gluing position, the right-side shifting device 65 moves the bolt after it has been glued to the material tray of the unloading mechanism 9, thus realizing parallel shifting.

[0041] Rotary drive adhesive application: The rotary drive mechanism 8's rotary drive lifting cylinder 81 drives the rotary drive pressure head 84 to descend and press against the bolt head, while the lifting mechanism 10 rises to press against the bottom of the bolt, achieving stable bolt fixing. The rotary drive motor 82 drives the bolt to rotate, tightening the shim onto the bolt. The glue application mechanism 7's glue application valve 73 moves to the starting glue application position and opens. Simultaneously, the glue application valve 73 follows the servo motor 71 to rise and fall along the linear guide rail 2 75. The rising and falling speed is determined by the rotation speed of the rotary drive motor 82 and the bolt thread pitch, ensuring uniform glue coverage on the threads. Glue application parameters such as bolt thread pitch, number of empty threads, and rotation speed can be input and set via the touch screen operation panel 14.

[0042] Material unloading and transfer: After the adhesive application is completed, the lifting mechanism 10 descends and the rotary drive mechanism 8 rises to reset. After the material tray of the unloading mechanism 9 is filled in a single row, the material tray shaft automatically moves one row to continue feeding. After the entire material tray is filled, the lifting cylinder lifts the material tray and it is placed on the transfer cart by the motor. The worker can push the transfer cart to the bolt tightening area for assembly and replace the empty material tray at the same time. The equipment can then continue to perform the pad-insertion adhesive application operation.

[0043] Example 2: like Figure 14 As shown, the automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts of the present invention provides a washer-inserting and glue-applying method. The automatic washer-inserting and adhesive-applying machine for large-size bolts based on Example 1 includes the following steps: S1: Bolt feeding and sorting: Bolt pusher plate feeder 1 sorts bolts and arranges them for discharge to bolt sorting stop mechanism 11. Bolt arrival signal is detected by photoelectric sensor. S2: Clamping and shim insertion: The clamping jaws 41 of the bolt gripping mechanism 4 clamp the bolt, and the shim insertion mechanism 5 drives the bolt to descend to complete the shim insertion action. The shim arrival signal is detected by the inductive proximity sensor. S3: Station transfer: The shifting mechanism 6 moves the bolt after the pad is inserted from the pad to the glue application position. The glue application position arrival signal is detected by the photoelectric sensor. At the same time, the glued bolt is moved from the glue application position to the unloading position tray. S4: Rotary drive and gluing: Rotary drive mechanism 8 descends to press down the bolt head, lifting mechanism 10 rises to press down the bottom of the bolt, rotary drive motor 82 rotates, gluing valve 73 opens and follows the rise and fall, and the gluing speed matches the rotation speed of rotary drive motor 82. S5: Unloading and Transfer: After the material trays of the unloading mechanism 9 are filled, the trays are moved to their positions. Once the entire trays are filled, they are lifted by the lifting cylinder and placed on the transfer cart.

[0044] Technical parameters: Bolt specifications: M20~M36; Displacement range: 260mm; Glue application speed: Matched with the rotational drive motor speed (tooth pitch × speed); Hourly processing capacity: ≥200 bolts.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts, characterized in that, include: Bolt pusher plate feeder (1) is used for automatic feeding of bolts. Bolt pusher plate feeder (1) is connected to bolt distribution and conveying mechanism (3). After feeding, the bolts are conveyed through bolt distribution and conveying mechanism (3). Bolt feeding cut-off mechanism (11) is set at the discharge end of the bolt feeding conveying mechanism (3) to realize the feeding output of bolts; A bolt gripping mechanism (4) is located below the bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism (11) and is used to grip and transfer bolts. Gasket vibratory feeder (13) is used for automatic feeding and arrangement of gaskets; The pad-feeding mechanism (5) is connected to the bolt gripping mechanism (4) and is used to drive the bolt down to complete the pad-feeding action; The shifting mechanism (6) covers the pad-through position, the glue-applying position and the unloading position, and is used for the station transfer of bolts; Rotary drive mechanism (8) is used to drive the bolt to rotate; The glue application mechanism (7) is used to apply glue to the bolt threads; The unloading mechanism (9) is used to automatically unload the bolts after applying the adhesive; The control unit is used to coordinate the actions of various mechanisms to achieve fully automated control of the entire process.

2. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism (11) includes a distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism (31), two sets of guide devices (32), a lifting cylinder (33), a cut-off baffle (35), and a bolt clamping mechanism (34). The output end of the lifting cylinder (33) is connected to the power input end of the distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism (31). The distribution and cut-off synchronization mechanism (31) is provided with two power output ends that move in opposite directions. Each of the two power output ends is connected to a set of guide devices (32). The bottom end of the first set of guide devices (32) is connected to the bolt clamping mechanism (34), and the bottom end of the second set of guide devices (32) is connected to the cut-off baffle (35). The cut-off baffle (35) is located on the side of the bolt clamping mechanism (34) facing the bolt pusher loading machine (1) and is used to cut off the subsequent pushing of the bolt queue. The bolt clamping mechanism (34) and the cut-off baffle (35) move in opposite directions synchronously.

3. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasket vibratory plate (13) is connected to a straight vibration track (131). The end of the straight vibration track (131) is provided with a gasket pushing cylinder (132), a gasket positioning mechanism (133) and an inductive proximity sensor. The inductive proximity sensor is installed below the gasket positioning mechanism (133) and is used to detect the gasket positioning signal.

4. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bolt gripping mechanism (4) includes a gripper (41) and a cylinder body (42); the pad-feeding mechanism (5) includes a lifting seat (50), a pad-feeding lifting cylinder (51), a floating joint (52) and a linear slide rail (53), and the cylinder body (42) is mounted on the lifting seat (50).

5. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shifting mechanism (6) includes an extension cylinder (61), a shifting cylinder (62), a linear guide rail (63), a left shifting device (64), and a right shifting device (65); the left shifting device (64) and the right shifting device (65) are used to realize the position transfer of the two bolts and realize parallel shifting.

6. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive mechanism (8) includes a rotary drive lifting cylinder (81), a rotary drive motor (82), a coupling (83), a rotary drive pressure head (84), and a rotary drive slide rail (85). The rotary drive motor (82) is connected to the rotary drive pressure head (84) through the coupling (83). The rotary drive lifting cylinder (81) is used to control the lifting of the rotary drive motor (82). A lifting mechanism (10) is provided below the position corresponding to the rotary drive mechanism (8). The lifting mechanism (10) is used to cooperate with the rotary drive mechanism (8) to support and position the bottom of the bolt. When applying glue, the glue application mechanism (7) rises by the distance of one bolt thread pitch for every one revolution of the rotary drive motor (82), so as to achieve precise linkage between rotation and glue application.

7. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glue application mechanism (7) includes a servo motor (71), a glue application valve (73), a slider (74), and a second linear guide rail (75). The glue application valve (73) is fixed on the slider (74) of the second linear guide rail (75) and is controlled by the servo motor (71) to lift. The glue application speed and the rotary drive mechanism (8) are jointly determined by the rotation speed of the rotary drive mechanism (8) and the bolt pitch.

8. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (9) includes a material tray and a material tray moving device; after the material tray is filled, the material tray shaft automatically moves one column to continue feeding; after the material tray is fully filled, it is lifted by the lifting cylinder and placed on the transfer car.

9. The automatic washer-inserting and glue-applying machine for large-size bolts according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed stand (2), and the control unit includes a touch screen operation panel (14), function buttons (15), indicator lights (16) and an audible and visual alarm (17); the touch screen operation panel (14) can set the bolt pitch, number of empty teeth and rotation speed parameters; the function buttons (15) include an emergency stop button, a start button, a pause button, a manual / automatic switch button and a reset button; the indicator lights (16) are used to display the equipment's running / standby / abnormal status, and the audible and visual alarm (17) is used for fault alarm prompts.

10. A method for applying adhesive through washer in an automatic washer-inserting and adhesive-applying machine for large-size bolts, based on the automatic washer-inserting and adhesive-applying machine for large-size bolts according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Bolt pusher loading machine (1) sorts bolts and arranges them to be discharged to bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism (11). After the bolt distribution and cut-off mechanism (11) clamps one bolt, the bolt grabbing mechanism (4) transports the bolt. The bolt arrival signal is detected by photoelectric sensor. S2: The bolt gripping mechanism (4) clamps the bolt, and the pad insertion mechanism (5) drives the bolt down to align with the pad insertion position and then releases the bolt to complete the pad insertion action. The pad placement signal is detected by the inductive proximity sensor. S3: The shifting mechanism (6) moves the bolt after the pad is inserted from the pad to the glue application position. The glue application position is detected by the photoelectric sensor. At the same time, the bolt after the glue application is completed is moved from the glue application position to the unloading position. S4: The rotary drive mechanism (8) descends to press down on the bolt head, the lifting mechanism (10) rises to press down on the bottom of the bolt, the rotary drive mechanism (8) rotates, the glue application mechanism (7) opens and follows the rise and fall, and the glue application speed matches the rotation speed of the rotary drive mechanism (8). S5: After the material tray of the feeding mechanism (9) is filled, it moves to the next position. After the entire tray is filled, it is lifted by the lifting cylinder and placed on the transfer car.

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