Anti-deviation high-precision linear guide rail grinding machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of linear guide rail grinding, in particular to an anti-offset high-precision linear guide rail grinding machine, which is characterized in that a servo motor and a double-end reverse lead screw drive a lead screw nut arm to realize synchronous advancing and retreating of mechanisms on two sides, so that displacement output of an offset measuring mechanism is converged into a dislocation checking mechanism through an amplifying mechanism to finish difference judgment; the avoidance mechanism and the conduction mechanism complete unlocking rollback and buffer reset, so that offset can be subjected to'generation ', 'identification' and'avoidance execution 'to form a coherent closed loop, and input on the two sides can complete synchronization / difference distinguishing at the same judgment node to reduce misoperation; certain passive weakening can be brought to transient impact and shaking by utilizing the pre-tightening, guiding and damping characteristics of a pure mechanical transmission chain, so that the grinding stability is improved under the condition of not additionally increasing complex control; and compared with a scheme depending on electronic identification, the mechanical displacement-force triggering link reduces intermediate links of signal acquisition, operation and execution so as to reduce response uncertainty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of linear guide grinding technology, specifically to a high-precision linear guide grinding machine with anti-deviation capability. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of CNC machine tools and automated equipment, linear guides directly affect the positioning accuracy, repeatability, motion stability, and service life of the entire machine through their straightness, parallelism, and surface roughness. Therefore, high-precision grinding of linear guides is of great significance. Correspondingly, in addition to having high spindle rigidity, feed stability, and guiding accuracy, linear guide grinding machines must also maintain the stability of the workpiece's posture and relative position under conditions such as grinding force fluctuations, clamping errors, thermal deformation, and contamination by coolant or grinding debris. This is to avoid dimensional and positional deviations, surface quality fluctuations, or even abnormal contact between the grinding wheel and the workpiece caused by lateral offset during long-stroke grinding, thus placing higher demands on grinding machines.

[0003] Chinese patent document (publication number: CN119036234A) discloses a linear guide grinding machine, relating to the field of linear guide grinding technology. It includes a machine tool base, a first gantry, a second gantry, base guide rails, and a magnetic worktable. The base guide rails are arranged on the top surface of the machine tool base, and the magnetic worktable is positioned between the two base guide rails. A linear motor is mounted on the surface of the machine tool base. The machine tool base is integrally formed from Meehanite cast iron, and is cast using a mold-pressurized method. The bottom of the machine tool base incorporates finite element infiltration to effectively maintain support rigidity. The support uses linear guide rails mounted on both sides, providing good support rigidity. Two vertical grinding heads can be used simultaneously to grind both sides of the linear guide rail, reducing the number of workpiece clamping operations and thus achieving higher machining accuracy. The machine tool not only guides the reciprocating linear guide rails but also pushes them towards the center under the action of a telescopic spring, preventing significant deviation of the linear guide rails.

[0004] During the grinding process, existing linear guide rails are prone to lateral displacement due to clamping errors, feed disturbances, or uneven force. This can cause the grinding wheel to continue cutting in, resulting in grinding deviations, local over-grinding, or even collision risks. At the same time, the displacement detection and execution of retraction are often not synchronized, and small deviations are not easily magnified and identified in time, resulting in large errors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-precision linear guide grinding machine with anti-deviation capability. A servo motor and a double-headed reverse lead screw drive the lead screw nut arm to achieve synchronous forward and backward movement of the mechanisms on both sides. The displacement output of the deviation measuring mechanism is amplified and fed into the misalignment detection mechanism for differential judgment. An avoidance mechanism and a transmission mechanism complete the unlocking, retraction, and buffer reset. Compared to solutions relying on electronic identification, this invention's mechanical displacement-force triggering link reduces intermediate steps in signal acquisition, computation, and execution to lower response uncertainty. It also maintains relatively stable triggering consistency under conditions such as coolant, dust, vibration, and electromagnetic interference, thus retaining a certain degree of mechanical avoidance availability even in the event of power failure or electronic module malfunction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-precision linear guide grinding machine with anti-deviation feature includes a machine base supporting the workpiece to be ground, a first gantry and a second gantry fixedly mounted at intervals along the length of the machine base, a housing fixedly mounted on the second gantry, and two sets of strip-shaped through slots and two sets of single-ended open through slots symmetrically distributed on both sides of the workpiece to be ground on the bottom plate of the housing. A deviation measuring mechanism is installed at the single-ended open through slot at the bottom of the bottom plate, and an avoidance mechanism is installed at the strip-shaped through slot at the top of the bottom plate. A spindle head is installed in each of the avoidance mechanisms, and the output end of the spindle head extends through the strip-shaped through slot to the workpiece. Grinding wheels are fixedly installed on both sides of the workpiece. The avoidance mechanism and the deviation measuring mechanism on the same side of the workpiece are fixedly connected by a lead screw and nut arm. The two sets of lead screw and nut arms are driven by a double-headed reverse lead screw. One end of the double-headed reverse lead screw is connected to a servo motor. A misalignment inspection mechanism is set at the top of the base plate between the deviation measuring mechanism and the avoidance mechanism. The deviation measuring mechanism transmits the detected deviation of the workpiece to the misalignment inspection mechanism through the top amplification mechanism. The misalignment inspection mechanism generates a trigger displacement and transmits the amplified deviation through the transmission mechanism, triggering the avoidance mechanism. This ensures that both sets of spindle heads are far away from the workpiece, avoiding deviation grinding.

[0007] Preferably, the offset measuring mechanism includes a slider and a first guide plate and a second guide plate arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The slider and the two sets of guide plates are slidably installed in a single-end open through slot. The ends of the first guide plate and the second guide plate near the workpiece to be ground are fixedly connected by a fixing block. A contact wheel is fixed on the fixing block, and the two contact wheels contact the two sides of the workpiece to be ground to check the offset. The slider is slidably sleeved on the first guide plate and the second guide plate. A guide rod is fixed on the fixing block and slides through the guide groove of the slider. A first return spring is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the first return spring are fixedly connected to the fixing block and the slider, respectively. The ends of the first guide plate and the second guide plate away from the fixing block are fixedly connected by a U-shaped connecting plate. An offset component is provided between the slider and the first guide plate to convert the checked displacement value of the workpiece to be ground into a pushing displacement.

[0008] Preferably, the offset assembly includes an active toothed plate and a driven toothed plate. A first guide groove is opened on the slider corresponding to the first guide plate, and a third guide groove is opened on the slider corresponding to the second guide plate. A second guide groove is opened between the first guide groove and the third guide groove, and the second guide groove and the third guide groove are connected. A receiving through groove is opened in the horizontal middle of the second guide plate, and an inertial gear is installed in the receiving through groove through a rotating shaft. An active toothed plate is fixed at the bottom of the third guide groove corresponding to the receiving through groove. A first slide rod is slidably inserted in the second guide groove. A driven toothed plate is set on the first slide rod opposite to the active toothed plate. The active toothed plate and the driven toothed plate respectively mesh with the two sides of the inertial gear. The end of the first slide rod away from the workpiece extends into the single-ended open through groove to form a third T-shaped rod. The third T-shaped rod is used to transmit the pushing displacement to the amplification mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the amplification mechanism consists of two sets, which amplify the pushing displacement of the offset measuring mechanisms located on both sides of the base plate, and transmit and collect the amplified displacement in the misalignment detection mechanism. The amplification mechanism includes a swing rod, a pin, and a contact rod. The swing rod is rotatably mounted on the top of the base plate via the pin. One end of the swing rod extends above the single-ended open through slot and a contact rod is fixed at the end. The contact rod extends into the single-ended open through slot and contacts the third T-shaped rod. The other end of the swing rod extends to the misalignment detection mechanism and forms a transmission connection. A second tension spring is provided on the outside of the swing rod. The second tension spring is located between the side of the base plate and the swing rod, and between the pin and the misalignment detection mechanism. The two ends of the second tension spring are fixedly connected to the top of the swing rod and the top of the base plate, respectively. The pin is located away from the misalignment detection mechanism and closer to the contact rod, forming an eccentric lever to amplify the deflection displacement.

[0010] Preferably, the misalignment inspection mechanism includes a receiving cylinder, a radially multi-protrusion turntable, and two sets of parallel first L-shaped limiting rods. Two sets of second sliding rods are slidably arranged between the two sets of first L-shaped limiting rods. The second sliding rods are distributed on both sides of the workpiece to be ground and are parallel to the workpiece. A traction groove is formed on the second sliding rod. The traction groove is a vertical through groove. The end of the swing rod is limited and slidably in the traction groove by a traction column, driving the second sliding rod to move closer to or away from the workpiece to be ground. The receiving cylinder is located between the two sets of first L-shaped limiting rods. An annular groove is opened on the top of the bottom plate. The bottom end of the receiving cylinder is an open structure and is rotatably inserted into the annular groove. A thrust arc rod is slidably arranged on the outer periphery of the receiving cylinder. The thrust arc rod is connected to the transmission mechanism through a thrust extension rod. An axially arranged rotating shaft extends through the top plate of the accommodating cylinder to the outside. A radially multi-protrusion turntable is fixed on the rotating shaft inside the accommodating cylinder. Multiple fourth guide grooves are opened along the circumference of the cylinder body. Sliding blocks are slidably fitted in the fourth guide grooves. Third return springs are set on both sides of the sliding blocks to keep the sliding blocks in the fourth guide grooves when there is no external force. The sliding blocks are located in the gaps between adjacent protrusions of the radially multi-protrusion turntable. When the radially multi-protrusion turntable rotates, the sliding blocks are pushed out of the fourth guide grooves through the protrusions. The sliding blocks push the pusher rod to transmit the transmission mechanism. A transmission assembly is set between the rotating shaft and the two sets of second sliding rods to transmit the displacement detection amount of the two side deviation measuring mechanisms to the radially multi-protrusion turntable and the sliding blocks for comparison.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first gear, a first toothed plate, a second gear, and a second toothed plate. The rotating shaft rotatably passes through the top plate of the accommodating cylinder. The second gear is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the second gear is fixedly connected to the top plate of the accommodating cylinder, so that the second gear drives the accommodating cylinder to rotate. The first gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, so that the first gear drives the radial multi-protrusion turntable to rotate. The first toothed plate and the second toothed plate are fixedly connected to the second slide rods on both sides, respectively. The first toothed plate meshes with the first gear, and the second toothed plate meshes with the second gear. The swing rods on both sides are relatively close. When the two second slide rods approach each other synchronously, the radial multi-protrusion turntable rotates synchronously with the accommodating cylinder without triggering. When the two second slide rods move differentially, the radial multi-protrusion turntable and the accommodating cylinder generate relative displacement. The radial multi-protrusion turntable pushes the sliding block out of the fourth guide groove, and the sliding block pushes the pusher rod to drive the transmission mechanism to trigger.

[0012] Preferably, the avoidance mechanism includes a frame, a sliding plate, and two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods. The two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods are parallel to the length direction of the strip groove and distributed on both sides of the strip groove. The frame is slidably fitted into the two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods via an outward folding guide plate. A second limiting groove is formed on the inner bottom of the frame along the direction of the through opening. The sliding plate is slidably installed in the second limiting groove by setting the second limiting sliding plate. The top of the sliding plate is fixedly installed with the spindle head, and a locking slot is formed on the sliding plate. A second return spring and a pneumatic damping sleeve rod are provided on the end of the sliding plate away from the through opening. The other end of the second reset spring and the air damping sleeve rod is fixed to the inner wall of the frame. The two side walls near the through opening of the frame are symmetrically provided with first limiting grooves. Locking plates are slidably arranged in the first limiting grooves. The two sides of the locking plates are slidably engaged with the first limiting grooves through the first limiting slide plates. The bottom end of the locking plate is provided with a locking tongue, which slides into the locking hole. A transmission mechanism is provided on the outside of the locking plate. The transmission mechanism converts the offset detected by the deviation measuring mechanism and the misalignment checking mechanism into triggering power to trigger the slide plate to retract and move away from the workpiece to be ground, thereby avoiding deviation grinding.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a central connecting rod, a through-hole, and a first wedge. The central connecting rod is located between two sets of avoidance mechanisms. The end of the push-extending rod is perpendicularly connected to the central connecting rod. Both ends of the central connecting rod are connected to the sleeve rod via a telescopic rod structure. The first wedge is fixed at the end of the sleeve rod away from the central connecting rod. A second wedge adapted to the first wedge is fixed on the outside of the locking plate. Guide rods are fixed on both sides of the through-hole, and the sleeve rod is slidably sleeved on the guide rods. When the central connecting rod is pushed and displaced by the push-extending rod, it causes the first wedge to push against the second wedge to lift the locking plate and the locking tongue, releasing the limit on the sliding plate. Under the action of the second return spring, the sliding plate and the spindle head are pulled away from the workpiece to be ground. The air damping sleeve rod plays a buffering role.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the lead screw nut arm is fixedly connected to the frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the second T-shaped rod. It is driven by a servo motor and a double-headed reverse lead screw to move synchronously closer to or away from the workpiece to be ground. In the non-grinding state, the contact wheel is closer to the workpiece to be ground than the grinding wheel to facilitate the inspection stroke.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a servo motor and a double-headed reverse lead screw to drive the lead screw nut arm to achieve synchronous advance and retreat of the two-sided mechanism. The displacement output of the deviation measuring mechanism is amplified and fed into the misalignment detection mechanism to complete the differential judgment. The avoidance mechanism and the transmission mechanism complete the unlocking, retreat and buffer reset. This can form a continuous closed loop from the "occurrence" to the "identification" and then to the "execution of avoidance". It can also make the inputs on both sides complete the synchronization / differential distinction at the same judgment node to reduce malfunctions. It can also use the preload, guidance and damping characteristics of the pure mechanical transmission chain to passively weaken transient impacts and vibrations. Thus, it can improve grinding stability without adding more complex control. Moreover, compared with the solution that relies on electronic identification, the mechanical displacement-force triggering link of this invention can reduce the intermediate links of signal acquisition, calculation and execution to reduce response uncertainty. It can also maintain relatively stable triggering consistency under conditions such as coolant, dust, vibration and electromagnetic interference. Thus, it still has a certain mechanical avoidance availability in the event of power failure or electronic module malfunction.

[0016] 2. The bias measurement mechanism of the present invention is based on the priority contact and guiding constraint of the contact wheel. Before the grinding wheel actually cuts in, it first obtains the displacement information of the offset on both sides of the workpiece to be ground and leaves room for inspection stroke. It can also convert the inspection displacement into the linear pushing displacement of the first slide rod through the active tooth plate-inert gear-driven tooth plate so as to reliably transmit it to the subsequent stage. It can also maintain the contact wheel contact and suppress the jump caused by the return gap under the pre-tightening / reset cooperation of the first return spring, so as to make the input of subsequent amplification and judgment more stable.

[0017] 3. The amplification mechanism of the present invention works with the eccentric lever relationship of the pendulum rod around the pin rod, converting the pushing displacement of the third T-shaped rod into a more significant displacement of the pendulum rod output end, so as to improve the discernibility of small offsets. It can also use the second tension spring to provide continuous preload to the pendulum rod to keep the contact rod and the third T-shaped rod in contact, thereby reducing idle stroke and hysteresis. In addition, during the reciprocating process of triggering and resetting, the spring pull and energy absorption can be used to weaken the impact peak and reduce the impact wear of the end contact.

[0018] 4. The misalignment detection mechanism of the present invention maps the displacement of the second slide rods on both sides to the rotation input of the radial multi-protrusion turntable and the receiving cylinder, respectively. It can keep the turntable and the receiving cylinder synchronized without triggering when both sides are synchronous and equal, thus achieving tolerance for "overall feed". It can also form relative displacement when there is a difference between the two sides and push the sliding block out by the protrusion, directly converting the difference into the triggering power for the push arc rod and the push extension rod. Furthermore, through the holding / resetting mechanism of the sliding block and the third return spring, the differential triggering is limited to a clear mechanical state switch, reducing half-triggering and repeated false triggering under critical jitter.

[0019] 5. The avoidance mechanism of the present invention achieves clearance through wedge unlocking and spring return. It can lift the locking plate by pushing the second wedge after the push extension rod is input, so that the locking tongue exits the locking hole and the slide plate is quickly unlocked. It can also use the second return spring to drive the slide plate and the spindle head to retract away from the workpiece at the moment of unlocking, so as to reduce the risk of deviation and continued grinding. Furthermore, the air damping sleeve rod can buffer and suppress vibration during the retraction process, so that "fast avoidance action" and "small mechanical impact" are achieved at the same time, reducing secondary disturbance and structural fatigue tendency after avoidance.

[0020] 6. This invention uses a purely mechanical structure and a purely mechanical link as its core. It can directly map the "offset" to the "trigger force and stroke" and complete the instant unlocking and avoidance, reducing the impact of sampling frequency, threshold setting and communication delay on timing in electronic identification. It can also avoid unstable actions caused by identification drift or misjudgment in environments such as coolant splash, dust adhesion, vibration and shock and electromagnetic interference. It can also make the maintenance side more focused on the visual status inspection of guide fit, spring preload and wedge contact surface, so as to make it easier to restore consistency and reduce downtime adjustment costs under field conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall installation structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the box body of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism connection structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the box bottom plate structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the deviation measuring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the bias measuring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation structure of the misalignment detection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the misalignment detection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the misalignment detection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation structure of the avoidance mechanism of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the split structure of the avoidance mechanism of the present invention; In the diagram: 11. Grinding box; 12. Grinding workpiece; 13. Grinding wheel; 14. First gantry; 15. Second gantry; 16. Machine base; 17. Control console; 18. Base plate; 19. Servo motor; 20. Double-ended reverse lead screw; 21. Lead screw nut arm; 22. Deviation detection mechanism; 23. Misalignment detection mechanism; 24. Avoidance mechanism; 25. Middle connecting rod; 26. Single-end open through slot; 27. Connecting plate; 28. Side semi-through slot. ; Touch wheel - 29; First guide plate - 30; Second guide plate - 31; U-shaped connecting plate - 32; Slider - 33; First T-shaped rod - 34; Second T-shaped rod - 35; First sliding rod - 36; Third T-shaped rod - 37; Swing rod - 38; Touch rod - 39; Pin rod - 40; Guide rod - 41; Guide groove - 42; First return spring - 43; First guide groove - 44; Second guide groove - 45; Third guide groove - 46; Inertial gear - 47; Active gear plate - 48; Driven gear plate - 49; First L-shaped limiting rod - 50; Second sliding rod - 51; Traction groove - 52; Traction column - 53; First gear - 54; First gear plate - 55; Second gear - 56; Second gear plate - 57; Receiving cylinder - 58; Thrust arc rod - 59; Thrust extension rod - 60; Rotating shaft - 61; Radial multi-protrusion turntable - 62; Sliding block - 63; Cylinder body - 64; Fourth guide groove - 65; Frame body - 66 ; Spindle head - 67; Through-hole - 68; Sleeve rod - 69; First wedge - 70; Guide rod - 71; Second wedge - 72; Locking plate - 73; Locking tongue - 74; Locking opening - 75; First limiting slide plate - 76; First limiting slide groove - 77; Second limiting slide plate - 78; Second limiting slide groove - 79; Air damping sleeve rod - 80; Second return spring - 81; Outer folding guide plate - 82; Strip through-slot - 83; Second L-shaped limiting rod - 84. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

[0023] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Figures 1-12 As shown, a high-precision linear guideway grinding machine with anti-deviation capability includes a machine tool base 16 supporting a workpiece 12 to be ground, and a first gantry 14 and a second gantry 15 fixedly arranged at intervals along the length of the machine tool base 16. The machine tool base 16 is characterized by: a housing 11 fixedly mounted on the second gantry 15; a bottom plate 18 of the housing 11 having two sets of strip-shaped through slots 83 and two sets of single-end open through slots 26, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the workpiece 12; a deviation measuring mechanism 22 is provided at the single-end open through slot 26 at the bottom of the bottom plate 18, and an avoidance mechanism 24 is provided at the strip-shaped through slot 83 at the top of the bottom plate 18. A spindle head 67 is installed in the avoidance mechanism 24, and the output end of the spindle head 67 passes through the strip-shaped through slot 83. The through groove 83 extends to both sides of the workpiece 12 to be ground and the grinding wheel 13 is fixedly installed thereon; the avoidance mechanism 24 and the deviation measuring mechanism 22 located on the same side of the workpiece 12 to be ground are fixedly connected by the lead screw nut arm 21. The two sets of lead screw nut arms 21 are driven by the double-headed reverse lead screw 20. One end of the double-headed reverse lead screw 20 is connected to the servo motor 19; a misalignment inspection mechanism 23 is set at the top of the base plate 18 between the deviation measuring mechanism 22 and the avoidance mechanism 24. The deviation measuring mechanism 22 transmits the deviation of the workpiece 12 to the misalignment inspection mechanism 23 through the amplification mechanism at the top. The misalignment inspection mechanism 23 forms a trigger displacement and transmits the deviation amplified by the transmission mechanism and triggers the avoidance mechanism 24, so that both sets of spindle heads 67 are far away from the workpiece 12 to avoid deviation grinding.

[0025] Among them, the machine tool base 16 belongs to the prior art and can refer to a linear guide grinding machine disclosed in Chinese patent document (publication number: CN119036234A); the machine tool base 16 adopts a Meehanite cast iron one-piece molding structure (such as 340 grade Meehanite cast iron), and is cast by mold pressure holding and pressure holding for a long time to reduce or eliminate casting residual stress. The bottom and key stress parts such as the column are reinforced by combining finite element design to ensure overall support rigidity and reduce deformation deflection. The top surface of the machine tool base 16 has base guide rails arranged on both sides along the length direction. A working area is formed between the guide rails, and a worktable magnetic table that can move along the base guide rails is provided. This is used to magnetically fix the linear guide rails on its surface and move them to the grinding position with the worktable. At the same time, a linear motor is provided on the surface of the machine tool base as a linear drive component for the worktable magnetic table. The workpiece 12 to be ground is fixed by the worktable magnetic table, so that the workpiece 12 to be ground on the worktable can be stably positioned and fed along the base guide rail direction. It should be noted that a control console 17 is also provided on one side of the machine tool for operating the machine tool; a connecting plate 27 is provided on the base plate 18 at the opening of the single-end open through slot 26. The connecting plate 27 is used to connect the two sides of the slot, ensuring smooth installation of components while also ensuring the stability of the structure; the housing 11 plays a role in protecting the internal structure from dust and moisture.

[0026] This invention uses a servo motor 19 and a double-headed reverse lead screw 20 to drive the lead screw nut arm 21 to achieve synchronous advance and retreat of the two-sided mechanisms. The displacement output of the deviation measuring mechanism 22 is amplified and fed into the misalignment detection mechanism 23 to complete the differential judgment. The avoidance mechanism 24 and the transmission mechanism complete the unlocking, retraction and buffer reset. This can form a continuous closed loop from the "occurrence" to the "identification" and then to the "execution of avoidance". It can also make the inputs on both sides complete the synchronization / differential distinction at the same judgment node to reduce malfunctions. It can also use the pre-tensioning, guiding and damping characteristics of the pure mechanical transmission chain to passively weaken transient impacts and vibrations. Thus, it can improve grinding stability without adding more complex control. Compared with the solution that relies on electronic identification, the mechanical displacement-force triggering link of this invention can reduce the intermediate links of signal acquisition, calculation and execution to reduce response uncertainty. It can also maintain relatively stable triggering consistency under conditions such as coolant, dust, vibration and electromagnetic interference. Thus, it still has a certain mechanical avoidance availability in the event of power failure or electronic module malfunction.

[0027] Further, the offset measuring mechanism 22 includes a slider 33 and a first guide plate 30 and a second guide plate 31 arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The slider 33 and the two sets of guide plates are slidably installed in a single-end open through slot 26. The ends of the first guide plate 30 and the second guide plate 31 near the workpiece 12 are fixedly connected by a connecting block. A contact wheel 29 is fixed on the connecting block, and the two contact wheels 29 contact the two sides of the workpiece 12 to check the offset. The slider 33 is slidably sleeved on the first guide plate 30 and the second guide plate 31. A guide rod 41 is fixed on the connecting block and slides through the guide groove 42 of the slider 33. A first return spring 43 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 41, and the two ends of the first return spring 43 are fixedly connected to the connecting block and the slider 33 respectively. The ends of the first guide plate 30 and the second guide plate 31 away from the connecting block are fixedly connected by a U-shaped connecting plate 32. An offset component is provided between the slider 33 and the first guide plate 30 to convert the checked displacement value of the workpiece 12 into a pushing displacement. In this design, side semi-through grooves 28 are respectively opened on both sides of the single-end open through groove 26. A first T-shaped rod-34 is fixed at the top of the first guide plate 30 and the second guide plate 31, and a second T-shaped rod-35 is fixed at the top of the second guide plate 33. The two wings of the first T-shaped rod-34 and the second T-shaped rod-35 slide on the side semi-through grooves 28 to maintain the stability and accuracy of the structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the offset assembly includes an active toothed plate 48 and a driven toothed plate 49. A first guide groove 44 is slidably inserted on the slider 33 corresponding to the first guide plate 30, and a third guide groove 46 is slidably inserted on the slider 33 corresponding to the second guide plate 31. A second guide groove 45 is formed between the first guide groove 44 and the third guide groove 46, and the second guide groove 45 communicates with the third guide groove 46. A receiving through groove is formed in the horizontal middle of the second guide plate 31, and an inertial tooth is installed in the receiving through groove via a rotating shaft. Wheel 47; A drive toothed plate 48 is fixed at the bottom of the third guide groove 46 corresponding to the receiving through groove. A first slide rod 36 slides through the second guide groove 45. A driven toothed plate 49 is provided on the opposite side of the first slide rod 36 and the drive toothed plate 48. The drive toothed plate 48 and the driven toothed plate 49 respectively mesh with the two sides of the inert gear 47. The end of the first slide rod 36 away from the workpiece 12 extends into the single-end open through groove 26 to form a third T-shaped rod 37. The third T-shaped rod 37 is used to transmit the pushing displacement to the amplification mechanism. Among them, the two wings of the third T-shaped rod 37 slide on the side semi-through groove 28 respectively to maintain the stability and accuracy of the structure.

[0029] The function of the offset measuring mechanism 22 is to "first detect and then convert the offset on both sides of the workpiece 12 into a transferable pushing displacement", providing input for subsequent amplification and linkage avoidance. The servo motor 19 is started to drive the double-headed reverse lead screw 20, so that the two sets of lead screw nut arms 21 are relatively close to the workpiece 12 to be ground, and drive the avoidance mechanism 24 and the deviation measuring mechanism 22 to approach synchronously. During the approach process, the contact wheel 29 on the deviation measuring mechanism 22 first contacts the workpiece 12 to complete the follow detection of the deviation. At the same time, the first guide plate 30 and the second guide plate 31 are in a restricted state to ensure the stability of the detection benchmark. When the lead screw nut arm 21 continues to advance, the slider 33 slides relative to the second guide plate 31. The deviation component then converts the inspection displacement into a linear output displacement of the first slide rod 36 away from the workpiece 12 through the transmission relationship of the active tooth plate 48, the inertial gear 47 and the driven tooth plate 49, until the third T-shaped rod 37 on the first slide rod 36 pushes the amplification mechanism, thereby reliably converting the "deviation amount" into the "push amount that drives the subsequent mechanism action".

[0030] Furthermore, the amplification mechanism consists of two sets, which amplify the pushing displacement of the offset measuring mechanism 22 located on both sides of the base plate 18, and transmit and collect the amplified displacement in the misalignment inspection mechanism 23. The amplification mechanism includes a swing rod 38, a pin 40, and a contact rod 39. The swing rod 38 is rotatably mounted on the top of the base plate 18 via the pin 40. One end of the swing rod 38 extends above the single-end open through slot 26 and the contact rod 39 is fixed at the end. The contact rod 39 extends into the single-end open through slot 26 and contacts the third T-shaped rod 37. The other end of the swing rod 38 extends to the misalignment inspection mechanism 23 and forms a transmission connection. A second tension spring is provided on the outside of the swing rod 38. The second tension spring is located between the side of the base plate 18 and the swing rod 38, and between the pin 40 and the misalignment inspection mechanism 23. The two ends of the second tension spring are fixedly connected to the swing rod 38 and the top of the base plate 18, respectively. The pin 40 is away from the misalignment inspection mechanism 23 and is located closer to the contact rod 39, forming an eccentric lever to amplify the deflection displacement.

[0031] The amplification mechanism is used to perform gain conversion on the pushing displacement output by the two side offset measuring mechanisms 22, and send the amplified displacement to the misalignment detection mechanism 23 respectively, so as to improve the response sensitivity to small offset differences and provide more significant input for subsequent judgment; The second tension spring provides pull-back and pre-tension to the rocker arm 38, keeping the contact rod 39 and the third T-shaped rod 37 in contact and causing the mechanism to reset when the displacement is released, thereby achieving the functional coordination of "displacement amplification - stable transmission - reliable return".

[0032] Furthermore, the misalignment inspection mechanism 23 includes a receiving cylinder 58, a radial multi-protrusion turntable 62, and two sets of parallel first L-shaped limiting rods 50. Two sets of second sliding rods 51 are slidably arranged between the two sets of first L-shaped limiting rods 50. The second sliding rods 51 are distributed on both sides of the workpiece 12 to be ground and are arranged parallel to the workpiece 12. A traction groove 52 is formed on the second sliding rod 51. The traction groove 52 is a vertical through groove. The end of the swing rod 38 is limited and slidably in the traction groove 52 by a traction column 53, driving the second sliding rod 51 to move closer to or away from the workpiece 12 to be ground. The receiving cylinder 58 is located between the two sets of first L-shaped limiting rods 50. An annular groove is opened on the top of the bottom plate 18. The bottom end of the receiving cylinder 58 is an open structure and is rotatably inserted into the annular groove. A pusher arc rod 59 is slidably arranged on the outer periphery of the cylinder body 64 of the receiving cylinder 58. The pusher arc rod 59 is connected to the transmission mechanism through a pusher extension rod 60. A rotating shaft 61 is axially arranged in the cylinder 58, extending through the top plate of the accommodating cylinder 58 to the outside. A radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 is fixed on the rotating shaft 61 located inside the accommodating cylinder 58. Multiple fourth guide grooves 65 are opened along the circumference of the cylinder body 64. Sliding blocks 63 are slidably fitted in the fourth guide grooves 65. Third return springs are respectively set on both sides of the sliding blocks 63 to keep the sliding blocks 63 in the fourth guide grooves 65 when there is no external force. The sliding blocks 63 are respectively located in the gaps between adjacent protrusions of the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62. When the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 rotates, the sliding blocks 63 are pushed out of the fourth guide grooves 65 through the protrusions. The sliding blocks 63 push the pusher arc rod 59 to transmit to the transmission mechanism. A transmission assembly is set between the rotating shaft 61 and the two sets of second sliding rods 51 to transmit the displacement detection amount of the two side deviation measuring mechanisms 22 to the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 and the sliding blocks 63 for comparison.

[0033] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a first gear 54, a first toothed plate 55, a second gear 56, and a second toothed plate 57. A rotating shaft 61 rotatably passes through the top plate of the receiving cylinder 58. The second gear 56 is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft 61, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the top plate of the receiving cylinder 58, so that the second gear 56 drives the receiving cylinder 58 to rotate. The first gear 54 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 61, so that the first gear 54 drives the radially multi-protrusion turntable 62 to rotate. The first toothed plate 55 is fixedly connected to the second sliding rods 51 on both sides. The first gear 55 meshes with the first gear 54, and the second gear 57 meshes with the second gear 56. The rocker arms 38 on both sides are relatively close. When the two second slide rods 51 approach each other synchronously, the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 and the receiving cylinder 58 rotate synchronously without triggering. When the two second slide rods 51 move differentially, the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 and the receiving cylinder 58 generate relative displacement. The radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 pushes the sliding block 63 out of the fourth guide groove 65. The sliding block 63 pushes the pusher arc rod 59 to drive the transmission mechanism to trigger.

[0034] The function of the misalignment detection mechanism 23 is to perform "synchronization / differential" judgment on the displacement output by the amplification mechanism of the offset measuring mechanisms 22 on both sides of the base plate 18, and convert the judgment result into a trigger input for the transmission mechanism: the ends of the two sets of swing rods 38 slide restrictedly in the traction groove 52 of the second slide rod 51 through the traction column 53, thereby driving the second slide rod 51 to move closer to or further away from the workpiece 12 to be ground; the second slide rods 51 on both sides drive the rotating shaft 61 and the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 through the first toothed plate 55 and the first gear 54 respectively, and drive the receiving cylinder 58 (including) through the second toothed plate 57 and the second gear 56. The cylinder 64) rotates accordingly, causing the "turntable 62" and the "container cylinder 58" to carry the displacement information on both sides and enter the comparison state: when the second slide rods 51 on both sides move synchronously and in the same amount, the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 and the container cylinder 58 rotate synchronously without triggering; when the second slide rods 51 on both sides move differentially, the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 and the container cylinder 58 generate relative displacement, and the protrusions of the turntable 62 push the sliding block 63 located in the gap between adjacent protrusions out of the fourth guide groove 65. The sliding block 63 then pushes the pusher arc rod 59 and transmits the triggering action to the transmission mechanism through the pusher extension rod 60.

[0035] Furthermore, the avoidance mechanism 24 includes a frame 66, a sliding plate, and two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods 84. The two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods 84 are parallel to the length direction of the strip-shaped through groove 83 and distributed on both sides of the strip-shaped through groove 83. The frame 66 is slidably engaged with the two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods 84 through an outer folding guide plate 82. A second limiting slide groove 79 is opened at the inner bottom of the frame 66 along the direction of the through opening 68. The sliding plate is slidably installed in the second limiting slide groove 79 through the setting of the second limiting slide plate 78. The top of the sliding plate is fixedly installed with the spindle head 67, and a locking slot 75 is opened on the sliding plate. A second return spring 81 and a pneumatic damping sleeve rod 8 are set at the end of the sliding plate away from the through opening 68. 0. The other end of the second return spring 81 and the air damping sleeve rod 80 is fixed to the inner wall of the frame 66; the two side walls of the frame 66 near the through opening 68 are symmetrically provided with first limiting slide grooves 77, and locking plates 73 are slidably arranged in the first limiting slide grooves 77. The two sides of the locking plates 73 are slidably engaged with the first limiting slide grooves 77 through the first limiting slide plates 76. The bottom end of the locking plates 73 is provided with locking tongues 74, which slide into the locking openings 75; a transmission mechanism is provided on the outside of the locking plates 73. The transmission mechanism converts the offset detected by the deviation measuring mechanism 22 and the misalignment checking mechanism 23 into triggering power to trigger the slide plate to retract and move away from the workpiece 12 to avoid deviation grinding.

[0036] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a central connecting rod 25, a through-hole 68, and a first wedge 70. The central connecting rod 25 is located between the two sets of avoidance mechanisms 24. The end of the push extension rod 60 is perpendicularly connected to the central connecting rod 25. Both ends of the central connecting rod 25 are connected to the sleeve rod 69 by a telescopic rod structure. The first wedge 70 is fixed at the end of the sleeve rod 69 away from the central connecting rod 25. A second wedge 72 adapted to the first wedge 70 is fixed on the outside of the locking plate 73. Guide rods 71 ​​are fixed on both sides of the through-hole 68. The sleeve rod 69 is slidably sleeved on the guide rods 71. When the central connecting rod 25 is pushed and displaced by the push extension rod 60, it drives the first wedge 70 to push against the second wedge 72 to lift the locking plate 73 and the locking tongue 74, releasing the limit on the slide plate. Under the action of the second return spring 81, the slide plate and the spindle head 67 are pulled away from the workpiece 12 to be ground. The air damping sleeve rod 80 plays a buffering role.

[0037] The function of the avoidance mechanism 24 is to quickly convert the trigger signal output by the misalignment detection mechanism 23 into a "spindle head 67 actively yielding" retraction action, so as to stop the erroneous contact and avoid deviation grinding in time when the workpiece 12 is deviated or the difference between the two sides occurs: the frame 66 provides linear guidance and bearing for the slide plate and the spindle head 67, and the slide plate maintains the working position in the locked state of the locking plate 73 and the locking tongue 74 locking the locking port 75; when the misalignment detection mechanism 23 generates a trigger thrust through the push arc rod 59 and the push extension rod 60, it drives the middle connecting rod 25 to move through the transmission mechanism, so that the sleeve rods on both sides synchronously drive the first wedge block 70 to push the second wedge block 72, thereby lifting the locking plate 73 and making the locking tongue 74 exit the locking port 75 to complete the unlocking; after unlocking, the second return spring 81 immediately pulls the slide plate and the spindle head 67 to retract along the direction of the through hole 68 and move away from the workpiece 12 to be ground, and the air damping sleeve rod 80 buffers and suppresses vibration during the retraction process to ensure that the avoidance action is rapid, stable and controllable.

[0038] It should be noted that a pull lug is provided at one end of the upper part of the skateboard near the closing window 68. The pull lug facilitates the insertion of a traction object, such as a traction rope, to facilitate the reset of the skateboard.

[0039] Furthermore, one end of the lead screw nut arm 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 66, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the second T-shaped rod 35. It is driven by the servo motor 19 and the double-headed reverse lead screw 20 to move synchronously closer to or further away from the workpiece 12 to be ground. In the non-grinding state, the contact wheel 29 is closer to the workpiece 12 to be ground than the grinding wheel 13, so as to facilitate the inspection stroke.

[0040] The lead screw nut arm 21 serves as the actuator for the forward and backward linkage. One end is fixedly connected to the frame 66, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the second T-shaped rod 35. Driven by the servo motor 19 and the double-headed reverse lead screw 20, it enables the two sides of the mechanism to move synchronously closer or farther away from the workpiece 12 to be ground, thereby ensuring that the relative positions of the deviation measuring mechanism 22 and the avoidance mechanism 24 are consistent with those of the grinding wheel 13. At the same time, in the non-grinding state, the contact wheel 29 is arranged closer to the workpiece 12 to be ground relative to the grinding wheel 13, so that the deviation measuring mechanism 22 can contact the workpiece 12 to be ground first and reserve sufficient inspection stroke, so as to complete the deviation detection before entering the grinding and provide the prerequisite for subsequent triggering of avoidance.

[0041] Working principle: Synchronous forward and backward positioning: Servo motor 19 drives double-headed reverse lead screw 20, so that lead screw nut arm 21 drives frame 66 and the two sides of the second T-shaped rod 35 to move closer or further away from the workpiece 12 to be ground; when not grinding, the contact wheel 29 is closer to the workpiece 12 to be ground relative to the grinding wheel 13 to obtain the inspection stroke.

[0042] Offset acquisition and displacement output: After the contact wheel 29 comes into contact with the workpiece 12 to be ground, it generates a follow-up displacement, which is transmitted through the guide constraint of the slider 33, etc., and the displacement is converted into a linear output of the first slide bar 36 by the active tooth plate 48, the inert gear 47, and the driven tooth plate 49.

[0043] Displacement amplification: The first slide bar 36 pushes the third T-shaped bar 37 to act on the amplification mechanism, and the swing bar 38 swings around the pin bar 40 to drive the contact bar 39 to output the amplified displacement.

[0044] Differential judgment and triggering: The amplified displacement input misalignment inspection mechanism 23 on both sides drives the radial multi-protrusion turntable 62 and the accommodating cylinder 58 to form a synchronous / differential state through the toothed plates 55, 57 and gears 54, 56; when a difference occurs on both sides, the protrusion pushes out the sliding block 63, which drives the push arc rod 59 and the push extension rod 60 to output the trigger thrust.

[0045] Unlocking and Avoidance: The push extension rod 60 pushes the middle connecting rod 25, causing the first wedge 70 on the sleeve rod 69 to push the second wedge 72 on the outside of the locking plate 73, lifting the locking plate 73 and causing the locking tongue 74 to exit the locking slot 75, thus releasing the lock on the slide plate.

[0046] Retraction and buffer reset: After unlocking, the second reset spring 81 pulls the slide plate together with the spindle head 67 to retract away from the workpiece 12 along the second limit slide groove 79. The air damping sleeve rod 80 buffers and suppresses vibration during the retraction process. After the offset is released, each reset spring makes the mechanism return to the test state.

[0047] The entire system consists of a purely mechanical displacement-differential judgment-wedge unlocking-spring return link, which enables automatic avoidance when offset occurs.

[0048] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that all related improvements to the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision linear guide grinding machine with anti-deviation feature, comprising a machine base (16) supporting a workpiece (12), and a first gantry (14) and a second gantry (15) fixedly arranged at intervals along the length of the machine base (16), characterized in that: A housing (11) is fixed on the second gantry (15). Two sets of strip-shaped through slots (83) and two sets of single-end open through slots (26) are provided on the bottom plate (18) of the housing (11). The two sets of strip-shaped through slots (83) and the two sets of single-end open through slots (26) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the workpiece (12) to be ground. A deviation measuring mechanism (22) is set at the single-end open through slot (26) at the bottom end of the bottom plate (18), and an avoidance mechanism (24) is set at the strip-shaped through slot (83) at the top end of the bottom plate (18). A spindle head (67) is installed in the avoidance mechanism (24). The output end of the spindle head (67) extends through the strip-shaped through slot (83) to both sides of the workpiece (12) to be ground and a grinding wheel (13) is fixedly installed. The avoidance mechanism (24) and the deviation measuring mechanism (22) on the same side are fixedly connected by a lead screw nut arm (21). The two sets of lead screw nut arms (21) are screwed and driven by a double-headed reverse lead screw (20). One end of the double-headed reverse lead screw (20) is connected to a servo motor (19). A misalignment inspection mechanism (23) is set at the top of the base plate (18) between the deviation measuring mechanism (22) and the avoidance mechanism (24). The deviation measuring mechanism (22) transmits the deviation of the workpiece (12) to the misalignment inspection mechanism (23) through the amplification mechanism at the top. The misalignment inspection mechanism (23) forms a trigger displacement and transmits the amplified deviation through the transmission mechanism and triggers the avoidance mechanism (24), so that both sets of spindle heads (67) are far away from the workpiece (12) to avoid deviation grinding.

2. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offset measuring mechanism (22) includes a slider (33) and a first guide plate (30) and a second guide plate (31) arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The slider (33) and the two guide plates are slidably installed in a single-end open through groove (26). The first guide plate (30) and the second guide plate (31) are fixedly connected at one end near the workpiece (12) by a connecting block. The connecting block is fixed with a contact wheel (29). The two contact wheels (29) contact the two sides of the workpiece (12) to check the offset. The slider (33) is slidably sleeved on the first guide plate (30) and the second guide plate. (31) A guide rod (41) is fixed on the connecting block. The guide rod (41) slides through the guide groove (42) of the slider (33). A first reset spring (43) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (41). The two ends of the first reset spring (43) are fixedly connected to the connecting block and the slider (33) respectively. The ends of the first guide plate (30) and the second guide plate (31) away from the connecting block are fixedly connected by a U-shaped connecting plate (32). An offset component is set between the slider (33) and the first guide plate (30) to convert the inspection displacement value of the workpiece (12) to be ground into a pushing displacement.

3. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The offset assembly includes a driving toothed plate (48) and a driven toothed plate (49). A first guide groove (44) is opened on the slider (33) corresponding to the first guide plate (30), and a third guide groove (46) is opened on the slider (33) corresponding to the second guide plate (31). A second guide groove (45) is opened between the first guide groove (44) and the third guide groove (46), and the second guide groove (45) and the third guide groove (46) are connected. A receiving through groove is opened in the horizontal middle of the second guide plate (31), and an inertial gear (47) is installed in the receiving through groove through a rotating shaft. A drive toothed plate (48) is fixed at the bottom of the third guide groove (46) corresponding to the receiving through groove. A first slide rod (36) slides through the second guide groove (45). A driven toothed plate (49) is provided on the opposite side of the first slide rod (36) and the drive toothed plate (48). The drive toothed plate (48) and the driven toothed plate (49) respectively mesh with the two sides of the inertial gear (47). The end of the first slide rod (36) away from the workpiece to be ground (12) extends into the single-end open through groove (26) to form a third T-shaped rod (37). The third T-shaped rod (37) is used to transmit the pushing displacement to the amplification mechanism.

4. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amplification mechanism consists of two sets, which amplify the pushing displacement of the offset measuring mechanism (22) located on both sides of the base plate (18), and transmit the amplified displacement to the misalignment detection mechanism (23). The amplification mechanism includes a swing rod (38), a pin (40), and a contact rod (39). The swing rod (38) is rotatably mounted on the top of the base plate (18) through the pin (40). One end of the swing rod (38) extends above the single-end open through slot (26) and the contact rod (39) is fixed at the end. The contact rod (39) extends into the single-end open through slot (26) and connects with the third T-shaped rod. (37) Contact; the other end of the swing arm (38) extends to the misalignment inspection mechanism (23) and forms a transmission connection; a second tension spring is provided on the outside of the swing arm (38), the second tension spring is located between the side of the base plate (18) and the swing arm (38), and between the pin (40) and the misalignment inspection mechanism (23), the two ends of the second tension spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the swing arm (38) and the base plate (18); the pin (40) is away from the misalignment inspection mechanism (23) and is located closer to the contact rod (39), forming an eccentric lever to amplify the deflection displacement.

5. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The misalignment inspection mechanism (23) includes a receiving cylinder (58), a radial multi-protrusion turntable (62), and two sets of parallel first L-shaped limiting rods (50). Two sets of second sliding rods (51) are slidably arranged between the two sets of first L-shaped limiting rods (50). The second sliding rods (51) are distributed on both sides of the workpiece to be ground (12) and are parallel to the workpiece to be ground (12). A traction groove (52) is formed on the second sliding rod (51). The traction groove (52) is a vertical through groove. The end of the swing rod (38) is provided with a traction column (5). 3) The limiting slide is in the traction groove (52), driving the second slide rod (51) to approach or move away from the workpiece (12); the accommodating cylinder (58) is located between the two sets of first L-shaped limiting rods (50), the top of the bottom plate (18) is provided with an annular groove, the bottom end of the accommodating cylinder (58) is an open structure and is rotatably inserted into the annular groove, the outer periphery of the cylinder body (64) of the accommodating cylinder (58) is slidably provided with a pusher arc rod (59), the pusher arc rod (59) is connected to the transmission mechanism through the pusher extension rod (60); the accommodating cylinder (5 8) An axially arranged rotating shaft (61) extends through the top plate of the accommodating cylinder (58) to the outside. A radially multi-protrusion turntable (62) is fixed on the rotating shaft (61) inside the accommodating cylinder (58). Multiple fourth guide grooves (65) are opened along the circumference on the cylinder body (64). A sliding block (63) is slidably sleeved in the fourth guide groove (65). A third return spring is provided on both sides of the sliding block (63) to keep the sliding block (63) in the fourth guide groove (65) when there is no external force. The blocks (63) are located in the gaps between adjacent bosses of the radial multi-bore turntable (62); when the radial multi-bore turntable (62) rotates, the sliding blocks (63) are pushed out of the fourth guide groove (65) through the bosses, and the sliding blocks (63) push the pusher arc rod (59) to the transmission mechanism; a transmission assembly is set between the rotating shaft (61) and the two sets of second slide rods (51) to transmit the displacement detection amount of the two side offset measuring mechanisms (22) to the radial multi-bore turntable (62) and the sliding blocks (63) for comparison.

6. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a first gear (54), a first gear plate (55), a second gear (56), and a second gear plate (57). A rotating shaft (61) rotatably passes through the top plate of a receiving cylinder (58). The second gear (56) is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft (61), and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the top plate of the receiving cylinder (58), so that the second gear (56) drives the receiving cylinder (58) to rotate. The first gear (54) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (61), so that the first gear (54) drives the radial multi-protrusion turntable (62) to rotate. The first gear plate (55) and the second slide rod (57) on both sides are respectively fixedly connected. The second toothed plate (57) meshes with the first gear (54) and the second toothed plate (57) meshes with the second gear (56). The rocker arms (38) on both sides are relatively close. When the two second slide rods (51) approach each other synchronously, the radial multi-protrusion turntable (62) and the receiving cylinder (58) rotate synchronously without triggering. When the two second slide rods (51) move differentially, the radial multi-protrusion turntable (62) and the receiving cylinder (58) generate relative displacement. The radial multi-protrusion turntable (62) pushes the sliding block (63) out of the fourth guide groove (65). The sliding block (63) pushes the pusher arc rod (59) to drive the transmission mechanism to trigger.

7. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The avoidance mechanism (24) includes a frame (66), a slide plate, and two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods (84). The two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods (84) are parallel to the length direction of the strip groove (83) and distributed on both sides of the strip groove (83). The frame (66) is slidably fitted into the two sets of second L-shaped limiting rods (84) through an outer folding guide plate (82). A second limiting slide groove (79) is opened at the inner bottom of the frame (66) along the direction of the through opening (68). The slide plate is slidably installed in the second limiting slide groove (79) by setting the second limiting slide plate (78). The top of the slide plate is fixedly installed with the spindle head (67). A locking slot (75) is opened on the slide plate. A second return spring (81) and a gas damping sleeve rod (80) are set at the end of the slide plate away from the through opening (68). The other ends of the two reset springs (81) and the air damping sleeve rod (80) are fixed on the inner wall of the frame (66); the two side walls of the frame (66) near the through opening (68) are symmetrically provided with the first limiting slide groove (77), and the locking plate (73) is slidably arranged in the first limiting slide groove (77). The two sides of the locking plate (73) are slidably engaged with the first limiting slide groove (77) through the first limiting slide plate (76). The bottom end of the locking plate (73) is provided with a locking tongue (74), which slides into the locking opening (75); a transmission mechanism is provided on the outside of the locking plate (73). The transmission mechanism converts the offset detected by the deviation measuring mechanism (22) and the misalignment checking mechanism (23) into triggering power to trigger the slide plate to retract and move away from the workpiece to be ground (12), thereby avoiding deviation grinding.

8. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a central connecting rod (25), a through-hole (68), and a first wedge (70). The central connecting rod (25) is located between two sets of avoidance mechanisms (24). The end of the push extension rod (60) is perpendicularly connected to the central connecting rod (25). The two ends of the central connecting rod (25) are connected to the sleeve rod (69) by a telescopic rod structure. The first wedge (70) is fixed on the sleeve rod (69) at the end away from the central connecting rod (25). A second wedge adapted to the first wedge (70) is fixed on the outside of the locking plate (73). Block (72); guide rods (71) are fixed on both sides of the through opening (68), and sleeve rod (69) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (71); when the middle connecting rod (25) is pushed by the push extension rod (60) and displaced, it drives the first wedge block (70) to push the second wedge block (72) to lift the locking plate (73) and the locking tongue (74), release the limit on the slide plate, and under the action of the second return spring (81), pull the slide plate and the spindle head (67) away from the workpiece (12) to be ground, and the air damping sleeve rod (80) plays a buffering role.

9. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the lead screw nut arm (21) is fixedly connected to the frame (66), and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the second T-shaped rod (35). It is driven by the cooperation of the servo motor (19) and the double-headed reverse lead screw (20) to move synchronously closer to or further away from the workpiece (12) to be ground. In the non-grinding state, the contact wheel (29) is closer to the workpiece (12) to be ground than the grinding wheel (13) to facilitate the inspection stroke.

10. The anti-deviation high-precision linear guide grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool base (16) has base guide rails arranged on both sides along the length direction on the top surface. A working area is formed between the guide rails and a worktable magnetic table that can move along the base guide rails is provided. A linear motor is provided on the surface of the machine tool base as a linear drive component of the worktable magnetic table. The workpiece (12) to be ground is fixed by the worktable magnetic table, so that the workpiece (12) to be ground on the worktable can be stably positioned and fed along the base guide rail direction.

Images