A universal end form assembling and disassembling machine suitable for single and double track railway box girder formworks and a demolding method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine and its demolding method adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork, relating to the field of railway bridge construction technology. It includes: a base frame system, at least two sets of walking systems, a formwork support system, a clamping mechanism, a support mechanism, a mutual-climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism, and a sliding drive mechanism. The mutual-climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism includes a stepped track, on which a sliding box is provided. The sliding box is equipped with swing blocks. A drive device is connected to the side of the sliding box near the walking system, and the other end of the drive device is connected to the walking system on the same side. The mutual-climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism drives the walking system on the same side to flexibly adjust its position. The sliding drive mechanism includes a power device, which drives the formwork support frame on the same side to adjust its position. The walking system and the formwork support frame adjust their positions synchronously, adapting to the installation or dismantling of end formwork of different sizes and specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway bridge construction technology, specifically to a universal end formwork installation and dismantling machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork and its demolding method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of railway construction in my country, precast concrete box girders have become the most widely used main structural form in railway bridge engineering. In the production process of precast box girders, the box girder formwork is a key tool for forming and casting, mainly composed of four parts: outer formwork, inner formwork, end formwork, and bottom formwork. The convenience and accuracy of the installation and removal of the end formwork directly affect the forming quality of the box girder end face and the overall construction efficiency.

[0003] Traditional box girder end formwork installation typically involves manual labor combined with gantry crane hoisting. This requires multiple people to repeatedly adjust the end formwork's position, verticality, and joint gaps, before using numerous bolts to connect and secure it to the side formwork. This method is not only cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, but manual adjustments also make it difficult to guarantee the end formwork's positioning accuracy and joint tightness. This can easily lead to problems such as grout leakage and end-face dimensional deviations during pouring, affecting the overall quality of the box girder.

[0004] During the demolding stage after the box girder concrete has cured, the strong bond between the concrete and the end formwork, coupled with limited space for disassembly and assembly, makes it difficult to achieve uniform stress. Therefore, manual methods such as prying with crowbars and striking with sledgehammers are commonly used on-site. These methods are not only inefficient and costly in terms of labor, but also easily cause defects such as concrete breakage, chipped corners, and missing edges at the beam ends. Furthermore, they can lead to deformation and reduced precision of the end formwork itself, decreasing its lifespan and turnover efficiency, severely hindering the precast box girder construction progress and product quality.

[0005] To address the drawbacks of traditional manual assembly and disassembly of end formwork, some auxiliary equipment, such as specialized fixtures and jigs, has emerged for end formwork installation and disassembly. However, most of this equipment is custom-designed for single-size box girder end formwork, with fixed structures and specifications, and can only be adapted to specific single-track or double-track railway box girders, lacking versatility. When construction scenarios involve the prefabrication of multi-specification box girders with different cross-sections and spans, multiple sets of specialized equipment must be designed and manufactured separately. This increases equipment investment and production costs, prolongs the construction preparation cycle, and reduces the overall production efficiency of the beam yard, making it difficult to meet the demands of modern railway box girder factory-based, standardized, and efficient prefabrication construction.

[0006] Therefore, in response to the many shortcomings of existing railway box girder end formwork dismantling and assembly technologies, such as poor positioning accuracy, low dismantling and assembly efficiency, high labor intensity, easy damage to concrete and formwork, poor equipment versatility, and high cost, a universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine and its demolding method adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork have been developed. This has important engineering significance and practical value for improving the prefabrication quality and construction efficiency of box girders and reducing production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a universal end formwork installation and dismantling machine and its demolding method adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork, which solves many shortcomings of existing railway box girder end formwork installation and dismantling technology, such as poor positioning accuracy, low installation and dismantling efficiency, high labor intensity, easy damage to concrete and formwork, poor equipment versatility, and high cost.

[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A universal end formwork installation and dismantling machine adapted for single and double track railway box girder formwork includes:

[0010] A base frame system, wherein at least one set of clamping mechanisms is provided on the top of the base frame system;

[0011] At least two sets of walking systems are provided, with at least one set of the walking system respectively installed at both ends of the bottom of the underframe system along the length direction;

[0012] The formwork system includes at least two sets of formwork frames. At least one set of formwork frames is provided at both ends of the top of the base frame system along the length direction. A support mechanism is provided on the formwork frame. The support mechanism cooperates with the clamping mechanism to support the end mold.

[0013] The base frame system is symmetrically equipped with a climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism at both ends along its length. The climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism includes a stepped track, a sliding box is provided on the stepped track, a swing block is provided in the sliding box, a drive device is connected to the side of the sliding box near the walking system, and the other end of the drive device is connected to the walking system on the same side. The climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism drives the walking system on the same side to flexibly adjust its position.

[0014] The base frame system is symmetrically equipped with a sliding drive mechanism. The sliding drive mechanism includes a power unit, which is connected to the base frame system and the formwork support frame. The power unit drives the formwork support frame on the same side to adjust its position.

[0015] The walking system and the formwork support frame are adjusted synchronously to adapt to the installation or disassembly of end molds of different sizes and specifications.

[0016] The present invention provides a universal end formwork installation and dismantling machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0017] The installation and dismantling of end molds using an integrated installation and dismantling machine allows for precise control of their movement, effectively avoiding deviations and instabilities that may arise from manual operation. During installation, the machine ensures the end mold moves accurately to its pre-set assembly position, fitting snugly with the bottom and outer molds with excellent sealing, significantly improving the quality and efficiency of box girder fabrication. Similarly, during demolding, the machine ensures the end mold moves smoothly and slowly away from the formed box girder end face, preventing damage due to rapid demolding and ensuring the integrity and stability of the box girder structure. Furthermore, the roller-based movement system of the integrated installation and dismantling machine is significantly more convenient and less difficult than the crane-based movement control in existing technologies, improving the ease of end mold installation and dismantling, and thus increasing the overall production efficiency of the beam yard.

[0018] Demolding using an integrated installation and removal machine does not apply direct force to the concrete box girder. Compared to the existing method of prying the end formwork, it does not come into contact with the surface of the concrete box girder, thereby improving the surface forming quality of the box girder and effectively improving the demolding effect of the end formwork. Furthermore, there will be a sudden vibration when the end formwork is removed from the box girder, but the four-point fixation of the entire end formwork by the clamping and support mechanisms can effectively restrain the end formwork, allowing it to move smoothly while preventing the end formwork from scratching the concrete surface of the box girder due to vibration, thus effectively improving the demolding effect of the end formwork.

[0019] The adjustable drive mechanism and sliding drive allow for flexible adjustment of the walking system and formwork support position, enabling adaptation to box girder end formwork of different sizes and specifications. This expands the applicability of the integrated installation and dismantling machine, while simultaneously achieving integrated end formwork installation and demolding. Furthermore, for end formwork of various specifications, only the integrated installation and dismantling machine in this embodiment is needed for installation or dismantling, eliminating the need for cranes and related manpower. This improves installation and demolding efficiency while further saving costs.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes a demolding mechanism, which includes a demolding push-off component one, a demolding push-off component two, and a demolding push-off component three. The demolding push-off component one is disposed on the base frame system, the demolding push-off component two is disposed at the bottom of the mold support frame, and the demolding push-off component three is disposed on the side of the mold support frame.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention: the swing block includes a connecting part and a limiting part, and a limiting groove is provided between the connecting part and the limiting part;

[0022] The swing block is rotatably mounted in the sliding box via the connecting part and can swing within the sliding box. The sliding box is provided with a limiting member, and the limiting groove cooperates with the limiting member to restrict the rotation of the swing block.

[0023] The swing block cooperates with the stepped track through the limiting part to realize unidirectional adjustment of the position of the driving device.

[0024] As a further aspect of the present invention: the base frame system includes two sets of combined slide rails arranged in parallel, the two sets of combined slide rails being connected by a connecting crossbeam, and the base frame system having support components symmetrically arranged at both ends along the length direction;

[0025] When adjusting the position of the walking system, the support components support the ground and lift the underframe system.

[0026] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the formwork support frame is provided in two sets, and the two sets of formwork support frames are slidably arranged on the combined slide rail;

[0027] The formwork support frame is provided with four corners at the bottom of the formwork support frame. The formwork support frame slide groove is slidably matched with the combined slide rail at the corresponding position. The top of the formwork support frame is provided with a top rectangular tube parallel to the combined slide rail. A connecting beam is provided between the two sets of top rectangular tubes.

[0028] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the clamping mechanism includes a clamping base slidably disposed on the base frame system, a sliding seat is provided on the side of the clamping base near the end mold, a clamp is slidably disposed in the sliding seat, an adjusting screw is connected to the side of the clamp away from the end mold, and the other end of the adjusting screw is connected to the clamping base.

[0029] As a further aspect of the present invention: the support mechanism includes a support base connected to the formwork support frame, a support device is installed on the support base, and the telescopic end of the support device abuts against the end mold.

[0030] As a further aspect of the present invention: the support mechanism further includes a connecting seat, the connecting seat being connected to the end mold, and a receiving member being connected to the connecting seat, the receiving member abutting against the telescopic end of the support device.

[0031] As a further aspect of the present invention: the telescopic end of the support device is connected to a spherical support head, and the receiving component has a horn groove inside. The diameter of the spherical support head is larger than the minimum diameter of the horn groove and smaller than the maximum diameter of the horn groove.

[0032] Alternatively, the telescopic end of the support device may be connected to a support member, in which a support ball is elastically provided, and the receiving member has a horn groove and an adapter groove inside, with the support ball cooperating with the horn groove and the receiving member cooperating with the adapter groove.

[0033] As a further aspect of the present invention: a demolding method adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork, characterized in that it uses the aforementioned universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork, comprising the following steps:

[0034] The drive system moves the entire device to the end module.

[0035] Based on the end formwork dimensions, the walking system and formwork support positions are adjusted using the mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism and the sliding drive mechanism, and then the formwork support is connected to the connecting beam using pins.

[0036] Connect the clamping mechanism to the end mold, and drive the support device to support the end mold;

[0037] The drive system moves along the demolding direction, while the demolding mechanism applies force, thereby moving the end formwork away from the beam box. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing end mold, bottom mold, and outer mold of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing end mold, bottom mold, and outer mold of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing end mold structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the walking system structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the chassis system and the walking system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the walking system structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the swing block structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the formwork support system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the contact structure between the telescopic end of the support device and the surface of the receiving component of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical support head and the horn groove of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical support head and the horn groove lifting engagement state of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the support components and structure used in the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the support member and the receiving member with the adaptation groove of the present invention.

[0055] In the diagram: 10. Base frame system; 11. Combined slide rail; 12. Connecting crossbeam; 13. Ladder-type track; 14. Connecting base; 15. Drive unit; 16. Guide rail ladder block; 17. Swing block; 171. Connecting part; 172. Limiting groove; 173. Limiting part; 18. Limiting component; 19. Support assembly; 110. Fixed crossbeam; 111. Mounting part; 20. Walking system; 21. Wheel frame; 22. Wheel frame slide groove; 23. Guide roller; 24. Walking wheel set; 25. Wheel cover; 30. Formwork support system; 31. Formwork support frame; 32. Power unit; 33. Formwork support frame slide groove; 34. Stabilizing assembly; 40. Clamping mechanism; 41. 42. Clamping base; 43. Sliding seat; 44. Fixture; 50. Adjusting screw; 51. Support mechanism; 52. Moving slide; 53. Support base; 54. Adjusting component; 55. Support device; 56. Spherical support head; 57. Connecting seat; 58. Receiving component; 59. Horn groove; 50. Adaptor groove; 51. Mating inclined surface one; 52. Support component; 53. Mating inclined surface two; 54. Support ball; 60. Demolding mechanism; 61. Demolding push assembly one; 62. Demolding push assembly two; 63. Demolding push assembly three; 70. Connecting beam; 71. Connecting bracket; 100. Outer mold; 200. Bottom mold; 300. End mold. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing multiple embodiments according to this application. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] It should be understood that:

[0058] Single-track and double-track railways are two common types of railway lines, differing mainly in the number of tracks, design complexity, and transport capacity. A single-track railway is a railway line with one and only one track for trains traveling in both directions. On this type of line, trains must follow a single track for bidirectional transport, thus requiring scheduling at different times or locations to ensure smooth train operation. A double-track railway has two tracks in the same direction, typically each track for unidirectional trains. The two tracks are used for trains traveling in opposite directions, and trains can run in both directions simultaneously. In other words, each track has a fixed direction of train travel, forming a complete bidirectional transport corridor.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, railway construction requires the fabrication of concrete box girders, which are then aided in the pouring process using box girder formwork. The end formwork 300 is typically placed on a storage rack before installation. The back of the end formwork 300 is used to contact the concrete box girder during subsequent pouring, and it includes several horizontal and vertical partitions. The end formwork 300 also has several pre-drilled holes to allow rubber tubes that will subsequently penetrate the box girder to pass through these holes and extend out of the end formwork 300.

[0060] In the fabrication of railway concrete box girders, formwork is first installed on a pedestal, then the concrete box girder is poured. After the box girder has formed, the formwork is demolded. In the installed formwork, a bottom formwork 200 is located at the bottom, and an outer formwork 100 is set on each side of the bottom formwork 200. The bottom formwork 200 and the two outer formworks 100 form a U-shaped space that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. An inner formwork is set above the bottom formwork 200, and the inner formwork is located within the accommodating space. Concrete is poured into this U-shaped space, and an end formwork 300 is set at each end of the U-shaped space to close it. The specific structure and fit of the formwork are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0061] like Figures 1-5As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a universal end formwork installation and dismantling machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork, comprising: a base frame system 10, at least two sets of walking systems 20, and a formwork support system 30. The base frame system 10 has at least one set of clamping mechanisms 40 at its top; at least one set of the walking systems 20 is respectively provided at both ends of the bottom of the base frame system 10 along its length; the formwork support system 30 includes at least two sets of formwork support frames 31, and at least one set of the formwork support frames 31 is respectively provided at both ends of the top of the base frame system 10 along its length, with a support mechanism 50 provided on each formwork support frame 31; the support mechanism 50 cooperates with the clamping mechanism 40 to support the end formwork 300; symmetrically arranged mutual-climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanisms are provided inside the base frame system 10 along its length at both ends, the mutual-climbing swing... The block adjustment drive mechanism includes a stepped track 13, on which a sliding box is provided. The sliding box is provided with a swing block 17. A drive device 15 is connected to the side of the sliding box near the walking system 20. The other end of the drive device 15 is connected to the walking system 20 on the same side. The inter-climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism drives the walking system 20 on the same side to flexibly adjust its position. A sliding drive mechanism is symmetrically arranged inside the base frame system 10. The sliding drive mechanism includes a power device 32. The power device 32 is connected to the base frame system 10 and the formwork support frame 31. The power device 32 drives the formwork support frame 31 on the same side to adjust its position. The walking system 20 and the formwork support frame 31 adjust their positions synchronously to adapt to the installation or disassembly of end molds 300 of different sizes and specifications.

[0062] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "at least one set of the walking system 20 is respectively provided at both ends of the bottom of the base frame system 10 along the length direction" means that at least two sets of the walking system 20 are provided. The number beyond two sets is not limited; it can be three, four, five, etc., arranged according to actual needs. At least one set must be provided at each end of the base frame system 10. For example, if three sets of the walking system 20 are provided, then two sets are provided at one end of the base frame system 10 and one set at the other end. In actual production conditions, even sets are the majority of the design cases. Figure 3 The diagram shows the positional relationship when two sets of the walking system 20 are set. When the end mold 300 is large in size and heavy in weight, multiple sets of symmetrical walking systems 20 can also be set. The "length direction" refers to the direction in which the base frame system 10 is parallel to the length direction of the end mold 300.

[0063] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "the top of the base system 10 is provided with at least one set of clamping mechanisms 40" means that the number of clamping mechanisms 40 can also be set according to actual needs. For example, in this embodiment... Figure 4As shown, taking the setting of two sets of clamping mechanisms 40 as an example, the two sets of clamping mechanisms 40 are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the base frame system 10 along the length direction, so that the fixing points at the lower end of the end mold 300 are more balanced.

[0064] Another embodiment of the present invention may employ one, three, four or other sets of clamping mechanisms 40, wherein the clamping mechanism 40 is configured to avoid affecting the movement of the formwork support system 30.

[0065] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "at least one set of formwork support frames 31 is respectively provided at both ends of the top of the base frame system 10 along the length direction" means that the number of formwork support frames 31 can be set according to requirements, and the number of formwork support frames 31 is consistent with the number of support mechanisms 50. For example, in this embodiment... Figure 5 The example shown is an example of setting up two sets of symmetrical formwork supports 31.

[0066] In another embodiment of the present invention, multiple sets of formwork supports 31 can be set up to ensure that they are located on both sides, and the formwork supports 31 located on the same side are connected together and driven synchronously.

[0067] It should be noted that the walking system 20 in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the system includes a wheel frame 21, with 360-degree rotatable wheel sets 24 located at the bottom of both sides of the wheel frame 21. Wheel covers 25 are provided for the wheel sets 24 for protection. Wheel frame grooves 22 are provided at the corresponding locations on the combined slide rails 11 of the wheel frame 21, and these grooves 22 slide against the slide rails 11. Guide rollers 23 are also provided on the wheel frame 21, engaging with the inner ends of the corresponding side of the combined slide rails 11 to guide the movement of the walking system 20 during adjustment. The wheel sets 24 are conventional steering wheels.

[0068] It should be further explained that, in this embodiment, the ladder-type track 13 consists of two back-to-back channel steels and multiple sets of equally spaced guide rail ladder blocks 16 arranged between the channel steels, as shown in the specific structure. Figure 7 As shown in the enlarged area, in this embodiment, the sliding box is slidably mounted on the stepped track 13. By adjusting the swing block 17 inside the sliding box, the sliding box can only slide in one direction (towards the drive device 15 or away from the drive device 15). It should be noted that when multiple sets of walking systems 20 are provided on the same side, the drive device 15 needs to be connected with multiple sets of walking systems 20 to realize the synchronous position adjustment of multiple sets of walking systems 20.

[0069] This embodiment operates in at least two states of motion (described with the box girder placed longitudinally and the end formwork at one end moving):

[0070] Movement State 1: When installing the end formwork 300, the box girder has not yet been poured. The assembly position is preset according to the position of the box girder template. The mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism and the sliding drive mechanism are adjusted to ensure that the formwork support frame 31 in the walking system 20 and the formwork support system 30 meets the installation size and position requirements of the end formwork 300. Then, the positions of the clamping mechanism 40 and the support mechanism 50 are adjusted, and the clamping mechanism 40 is connected to the end formwork 300 to form an effective fixation. The support mechanism 50 holds the end formwork 300 in place to form an effective support. The walking system 20 drives the base frame system 10 to move, the base frame system 10 drives the formwork support system 30 to move, and the formwork support system 30 drives the end formwork 300 to move. Under the drive of the walking system 20, the end formwork 300 moves smoothly and stably to the preset assembly position. The operator uses a hand-operated hoist, bolts, clamps and other tools to install the end formwork 300, so that the contact parts between the end formwork 300 and the bottom formwork 200 and the outer formwork 100 are well sealed.

[0071] Movement State Two: When the end mold 300 is demolded, the walking system 20 drives the entire equipment to move to the set position outside the end mold 300. The mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism and the sliding drive mechanism are adjusted so that the support frame 31 in the walking system 20 and the support system 30 meets the installation size and position requirements of the end mold 300. The positions of the clamping mechanism 40 and the support mechanism 50 are adjusted so that the clamping mechanism 40 is connected to the end mold 300 and the support mechanism 50 holds the end mold 300 in place, forming an effective connection. After demolding, the walking system 20 drives the base frame system 10 to move. The base frame system 10 drives the support system 30 to move. The support system 30 drives the end mold 300 to move. Under the drive of the walking system 20, the end mold 300 moves smoothly away from the formed box girder end face.

[0072] It should be noted that the specific process of adjusting the mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism and the sliding drive motor in the above-mentioned movement state one and movement state two is as follows (refer to...). Figure 7 (as shown)

[0073] Interlocking swing block adjustment drive mechanism: When the swing block 17 tilts towards the direction of the walking system 20 on the same side, the drive device 15 extends and drives the sliding box away from the walking system 20. When the drive device 15 retracts, the swing block 17 presses against the guide rail ladder stop 16, and thus the walking system 20 moves towards the sliding box under the retraction of the drive device 15; when the swing block 17 tilts away from the direction of the walking system 20 on the same side (i.e., Figure 7As shown in the diagram, when the drive unit 15 retracts, it drives the sliding box closer to the walking system 20. When the drive unit 15 extends, the swing block 17 presses against the guide rail ladder stop 16, causing the walking system 20 to move away from the sliding box (i.e., the outer end of the base frame system 10) under the extension of the drive unit 15. By changing the tilting direction of the swing block 17, the walking systems 20 on both sides can move towards or away from each other. Furthermore, by adjusting the position of the sliding box, the adjustment range of the walking system 20 is expanded, further increasing the applicability of the installation and dismantling machine.

[0074] Sliding drive: When the power unit 32 extends or retracts, it drives the formwork support 31 on the same side to move. By extending or retracting the power units 32 on both sides simultaneously, the formwork support 31 can move towards or away from each other.

[0075] It should be further noted that the aforementioned drive device 15 is used to drive the sliding box or the walking system 20 to move, including but not limited to hydraulic cylinders; the aforementioned power device 32 is used to drive the formwork support frame 31 to move, including but not limited to hydraulic cylinders.

[0076] In this embodiment, the end mold 300 is installed or dismantled using an integrated installation and dismantling machine. This allows for precise control of the end mold 300's movement, effectively avoiding deviations and instabilities that may arise from manual operation. During installation, the integrated machine ensures the end mold 300 moves accurately to its preset assembly position, fitting tightly with the bottom mold 200 and outer mold 100, providing excellent sealing and significantly improving the quality and efficiency of box girder fabrication. Similarly, during demolding, the integrated machine ensures the end mold 300 moves smoothly and slowly away from the end face of the formed box girder, preventing damage due to excessively rapid demolding and ensuring the integrity and stability of the box girder structure. Furthermore, the roller movement method of the integrated machine's walking system 20 is more convenient and significantly reduces the difficulty compared to the crane movement control in existing technologies, improving the ease of installation and dismantling of the end mold 300 and thus increasing the overall production efficiency of the beam yard.

[0077] Furthermore, during the movement of the end mold 300, the end mold 300 is stably fixed by the clamping mechanism 40 and the support mechanism 50, thereby effectively connecting and fixing the entire end mold 300, preventing the end mold 300 from shaking during movement (when using a crane, the suspended end mold 300 will shake), and improving the stability of the movement and installation of the end mold 300.

[0078] In this embodiment, the demolding process using an integrated installation and removal machine does not apply direct force to the concrete box girder. Compared to the existing method of prying the end mold 300, it does not contact the surface of the concrete box girder, thereby improving the surface forming quality of the box girder and effectively improving the demolding effect of the end mold 300. Furthermore, when the end mold 300 is separated from the box girder, there will be a sudden vibration. However, the four-point fixation of the end mold 300 by the clamping mechanism 40 and the support mechanism 50 can effectively restrain the end mold 300, allowing it to move smoothly while preventing the end mold 300 from scratching the concrete surface of the box girder due to vibration, thus effectively improving the demolding effect of the end mold 300.

[0079] In this embodiment, the integrated installation and dismantling machine allows for flexible adjustment of the positions of the walking system 20 and the formwork support 31 through the adjustment of the mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism and the sliding drive motor. This enables it to adapt to box girder end formwork of different sizes and specifications (single-track railway box girder and double-track railway box girder; since the width of single-track railway box girder is different from that of double-track railway box girder, the specifications of the end formwork 300 used are also different. Adjusting the positions of the formwork support 31 and the walking system 20 allows it to adapt to the construction of box girders of different widths, improving the applicability of the tooling). This expands the applicability of the integrated installation and dismantling machine and achieves integrated installation and demolding of the end formwork 300. Furthermore, for end formwork 300 of various specifications, only the integrated installation and dismantling machine in this embodiment is needed for installation or dismantling, eliminating the need for crane equipment and related manpower, improving the installation and demolding effect while further saving costs.

[0080] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the installation and dismantling integrated machine also includes a demolding mechanism 60, which includes a demolding push-off component 1 61, a demolding push-off component 2 62, and a demolding push-off component 3 63. The demolding push-off component 1 61 is disposed on the base frame system 10, the demolding push-off component 2 62 is disposed at the bottom of the mold support frame 31, and the demolding push-off component 3 63 is disposed on the side of the mold support frame 31.

[0081] It should be noted that the aforementioned demolding push-off assembly 1 (61), demolding push-off assembly 2 (62), and demolding push-off assembly 3 (63) all include a mounting base and a push-off device mounted on the mounting base. Specifically, the mounting base of demolding push-off assembly 1 (61) is fixed to the center of the bottom of the combined slide rail 11 near the end mold 300; the mounting base of demolding push-off assembly 2 (62) is fixed to the rectangular tube at the bottom of the formwork support frame 31 near the end mold 300; and the mounting base of demolding push-off assembly 3 (63) is fixed to the side of the formwork support frame 31. More specifically, a sliding groove structure (including a sliding groove and a lead screw) is provided on the inclined steel truss on the side of the formwork support frame 31. The mounting base is slidably mounted on the sliding groove structure, and the position of the mounting base is adjusted by the lead screw. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 11As shown, the demolding push assembly 363 can be adjusted up and down along the slide groove by adjusting the lead screw.

[0082] The jacking device includes, but is not limited to, a jacking cylinder. The output end of the jacking device is connected to the bottom mold 200 or the outer mold 100 of the box girder via a pin. The bottom mold 200 and the outer mold 100 of the box girder are generally provided with ear plates. The two can be fixed by connecting the output end of the jacking device to the ear plates.

[0083] When the end mold 300 is demolded, the demolding mechanism 60 cooperates with the outer mold 100 and the bottom mold 200 of the box girder. During demolding, the demolding push component 1 61 and the demolding push component 2 62 apply a pushing force to the bottom mold 200. Correspondingly, the demolding push component 3 63 applies a pushing force to the outer mold 100. Since the positions of the bottom mold 200 and the outer mold 100 are fixed, the frame moves slowly and smoothly through the walking system 20 under the reaction force, thereby driving the end mold 300 away from the box girder. It does not apply a direct force to the concrete box girder. Compared with the existing technology of prying the end mold, it will not come into contact with the surface of the concrete box girder, thereby improving the surface forming quality of the box girder and effectively improving the demolding effect of the end mold 300.

[0084] Preferably, such as Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the swing block 17 includes a connecting part 171 and a limiting part 173, and a limiting groove 172 is provided between the connecting part 171 and the limiting part 173; the swing block 17 is rotatably disposed in the sliding box through the connecting part 171, and can swing within the sliding box; a limiting member 18 is provided in the sliding box, and the limiting groove 172 cooperates with the limiting member 18 to restrict the rotation of the swing block; the swing block 17 cooperates with the stepped track 13 through the limiting part 173 to realize unidirectional adjustment of the position of the driving device 15.

[0085] In this embodiment, the connecting part 171 of the swing block 17 is connected to the sliding box via a pin, and the swing block 17 can rotate around the pin. Specifically, the end of the sliding box is connected to the driving device 15, and three mounting holes of varying heights (e.g., ...) are provided inside the sliding box. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the pin is installed in the middle, higher mounting hole, and the mounting holes on both sides are used to install the limiting member 18, which can be a limiting rod structure. The limiting member 18, in cooperation with the limiting groove 172, limits the swing position of the swing block 17, thus ensuring that the swing block 17 can only move in one direction, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 As shown in the magnified view, the swing block 17 is restricted by the limiting member 18 and cannot move away from the drive device 15, but it is not restricted from moving towards the drive device 15.

[0086] Preferably, such as Figures 6-8As shown, the base system 10 includes two sets of parallel combined slide rails 11, which are connected by a connecting crossbeam 12. Support components 19 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base system 10 along its length. When adjusting the position of the walking system 20, the support components 19 form a support with the ground to lift the base system 10.

[0087] In this embodiment, support components 19 are provided at both ends of the base frame system 10. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the walking system 20 (to change the support structure, increase the stability of the bearing end mold 300 of the integrated installation and dismantling machine, and change the spacing of the walking system 20 to avoid obstacles or save installation space, etc.), the support components 19 are supported by the ground to lift the base frame system 10, making the adjustment of the walking system 20 faster and more convenient.

[0088] The support component 19 is used to lift the base frame system 10, including but not limited to using a combination of hydraulic cylinder and push plate, by pushing the push plate downward through the hydraulic cylinder, thereby supporting it with the ground and raising the base frame system 10.

[0089] Furthermore, in conventional engineering projects, jacks can be used to replace support components 19, saving manufacturing costs.

[0090] Preferably, such as Figures 10-11 As shown, two sets of formwork supports 31 are provided, and the two sets of formwork supports 31 are slidably mounted on the combined slide rail 11; each of the four corners of the bottom end of the formwork support 31 is provided with a formwork support slide groove 33, and the formwork support slide groove 33 is slidably fitted with the combined slide rail 11 at the corresponding position; the top of the formwork support 31 is provided with a top rectangular tube parallel to the combined slide rail 11, and a connecting beam 70 is provided between the two sets of top rectangular tubes.

[0091] In this embodiment, two sets of formwork supports 31 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base frame system 10. They slide and engage with two combined slide rails 11 on the same side via formwork support grooves 33. Figure 6 As shown, a fixed crossbeam 110 is connected in the middle of the base frame system 10. The fixed crossbeam 110 extends along the length of the base frame system 10 and is provided with an installation part 111. The installation part 111 is connected to one end of the power device 32, and the other end of the power device 32 is connected to the formwork support frame 31, so that the power device 32 drives the formwork support frame 31 to move towards or away from each other, so as to adapt to end molds 300 of different sizes and specifications.

[0092] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the power unit 32 can be connected to the formwork support 31 through the middle of the outer shell, further shortening the torque of the power unit 32 (e.g., Figure 10 (As shown), to improve the stability of the movement.

[0093] In addition, in this embodiment, a connecting bracket 71 can be provided in the middle of the connecting beam 70. The connecting bracket 71 is connected to the fixed crossbeam 110 to achieve stable installation of the connecting beam 70. This ensures that when the formwork supports 31 on both sides move, the top rectangular tube and the connecting beam 70 can slide smoothly, avoiding the phenomenon of sliding obstruction caused by force fluctuation of the connecting beam 70 (when the connecting beam 70 is not provided with a connecting mechanism and is completely supported by the formwork supports 31 at both ends, when the top rectangular tube of the formwork support 31 is subjected to force and a slight positional fluctuation occurs, it will cause the connecting beam 70 to wobble, thereby affecting the movement of the formwork supports 31 at both ends).

[0094] In addition, it should be noted that when the formwork support 31 is in place, it is necessary to use pins to fix the formwork support 31 to the connecting beam 70 to ensure the stability of the entire frame.

[0095] It should be noted that, by Figures 3-5 and Figure 11 As shown, when the two side support frames 31 support the end mold 300, since the end mold 300 is only supported on one side of the support frame 31, the center of gravity of the end mold 300 will be biased to the outside of the support frame 31. As a result, the force on the side of the support frame 31 closer to the end mold 300 increases, causing the support frame 31 to tilt towards the end mold 300. The bottom of the support frame 31 and the sliding structure of the two sets of combined slide rails 11 are subjected to uneven force (the support frame slide groove 33 on the side closer to the end mold 300 is subjected to greater force), resulting in the phenomenon of movement being hindered.

[0096] In another embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as shown in the figure below. Figure 11 As shown, a stabilizing component 34 is provided at the bottom of the formwork support 33 on the side of the formwork support 31 near the end mold 300, and the stabilizing component 34 abuts against the combined slide rail 11.

[0097] In this embodiment, a stabilizing component 34 is provided on the sliding groove 33 of the formwork support frame near the end mold 300. The stabilizing component 34 includes, but is not limited to, auxiliary rollers. By increasing the stabilizing component 34 to guide the sliding and increasing the contact area with the combined slide rail 11, the stability of the formwork support frame 31 is improved, and the tendency of the formwork support frame 31 to tilt when supporting the end mold 300 is reduced.

[0098] Preferably, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the clamping mechanism 40 includes a clamping base 41 slidably disposed on the base frame system 10. A sliding seat 42 is disposed on the side of the clamping base 41 near the end mold 300. A clamp 43 is slidably disposed in the sliding seat 42. An adjusting screw 44 is connected to the side of the clamp 43 away from the end mold 300. The other end of the adjusting screw 44 is connected to the clamping base 41.

[0099] In this embodiment, when the clamping mechanism 40 is in use, the positions of the two clamping mechanisms 40 are adjusted according to the installation position on the end mold 300, and then positioned laterally (along the length direction of the base system 10). Then, the clamp 43 is driven to move in the sliding seat 42 by rotating the adjusting screw 44, so as to realize the front and rear extension adjustment of the clamp 43 until it corresponds to the installation position on the end mold 300. The clamp 43 is then connected and fixed to the end mold 300 by bolts.

[0100] It should be noted that in this embodiment, clamping grooves are provided on both sides of the bottom of the clamping base 41 corresponding to the combined slide rail 11. The position of the clamping base 41 is adjusted by sliding and engaging with the combined slide rail 11 through the clamping grooves. In this embodiment, the adjusting screw 44 is rotatably connected to the clamp 43, and the adjusting screw 44 is threadedly connected to the clamping base 41.

[0101] Preferably, such as Figure 11 As shown, the support mechanism 50 includes a support base 52 connected to the formwork support frame 31, and a support device 54 is installed on the support base 52. The telescopic end of the support device 54 abuts against the end mold 300.

[0102] In this embodiment, the support base 52 is slidably connected to the formwork support 31, and the sliding structure includes a sliding groove fixedly connected to the formwork support 31 (specifically as shown in the figure). Figure 11 As shown, the support base 52 is slidably disposed in the slide groove, and a fixing plate is provided on the slide groove. An adjusting member 53 is threadedly connected to the fixing plate. The other end of the adjusting member 53 is rotatably connected to the support base 52, and the position of the support base 52 can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting member 53. In this embodiment, the adjusting member 53 can be a lead screw.

[0103] When the support mechanism 50 is in use, the support device 54 is raised and comes into contact with the end mold 300 to form a stable support.

[0104] The support device 54 in this embodiment is used to provide support force. The specific structure is not limited and can be a hydraulic cylinder or the like.

[0105] It should be understood that prolonged use of the support device 54 in direct contact with the end mold 300 will have a structural impact on the end mold 300 (slight deformation or surface scratches, etc.).

[0106] Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown, the support mechanism 50 also includes a connecting seat 55, which is connected to the end mold 300. A receiving member 56 is connected to the connecting seat 55, and the receiving member 56 abuts against the telescopic end of the support device 54.

[0107] This embodiment reduces the direct impact on the end mold 300 by adding a receiving part 56 that abuts against the telescopic end of the support device 54, and also shortens the extension stroke of the support device 54, making the support device 54 more stable when supporting.

[0108] It should be understood that when the telescopic end of the support device 54 directly abuts against the receiving part 56, it is a plane-to-plane contact (e.g., Figure 12 As shown, although the limiting force of the support device 54 on the end mold 300 is sufficient in the axial direction of the support device 54, provided by the upward push of the support device 54, it can only be provided in the radial direction by the static friction between the top surface of the telescopic end and the ground of the support member 56. Therefore, when the end mold 300 is affected by large fluctuations (vibration generated when moving against uneven surfaces or demolding), the support member 56 at the top of the end mold 300 and the telescopic end of the support device 54 are prone to relative displacement, which in turn affects the stability of the end mold 300 under load.

[0109] Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 13 As shown, the telescopic end of the support device 54 is connected to a spherical support head 541, and the receiving member 56 has a horn groove 561 inside. The diameter of the spherical support head 541 is larger than the minimum diameter of the horn groove 561 and smaller than the maximum diameter of the horn groove 561.

[0110] By adding a horn groove 561 inside the receiving part 56 and a spherical support head 541 to the telescopic end of the support device 54, the spherical support head 541 extends into the horn groove 561 when the support device 54 is supported. The horn groove 561 limits the axial and radial movement of the spherical support head 541, increasing the degree of restriction on the support position when supporting the end mold 300. Further explanation is as follows: Figure 14 As shown, when the spherical support head 541 enters the horn groove 561, even if the end mold 300 fluctuates due to external factors, the horn groove 561 will provide a certain limiting force on the spherical support head 541 in the radial direction, maintaining the stability of the end mold 300 under load. Furthermore, as the diameter of the horn groove 561 decreases, the spherical support head 541 extends into the horn groove 561, which also guides the movement of the spherical support head 541, thereby making the support position more precise, ensuring the stability of the load, and promoting the accurate installation of the end mold 300.

[0111] It should be noted that in this invention, the end mold 300 is effectively connected by the clamping mechanism 40 and the support mechanism 50. The clamping mechanism 40 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the end mold 300, while the support device 54 in the support mechanism 50 is movably connected to the receiving part 56 installed on the end mold 300. Therefore, when the integrated machine is used to install and remove the end mold 300, the top of the end mold 300 will tend to tilt because the center of gravity is biased to the outside of the support frame 31. It is necessary to provide certain radial restraint to ensure the stability of the load.

[0112] It should be further understood that although the mating structure of the horn groove 561 and the spherical support head 541 can provide a certain radial (radial) restraining force, since the spherical support head 541 and the inner conical surface of the horn groove 561 are in linear contact, when encountering large demolding vibrations, due to the large bonding force between the end mold 300 and the concrete of the box girder, the end mold 300 is difficult to be uniformly stressed due to spatial constraints during demolding. Moreover, at the moment of demolding, the bonding force suddenly disappears, which will affect the end mold 300 to generate vibration. Depending on factors such as the magnitude of the bonding force and the uniformity of the force, the vibration will change, and the mating structure of the line contact horn groove 561 and the spherical support head 541 may also be relatively offset, resulting in insufficient stability of the end mold 300 in bearing.

[0113] Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the telescopic end of the support device 54 is connected to a support member 57, and a support ball 572 is elastically provided in the support member 57. The receiving member 56 has a horn groove 561 and an adapter groove 562 inside. The support ball 572 cooperates with the horn groove 561, and the receiving member 56 cooperates with the adapter groove 562.

[0114] In this embodiment, a support member 57 is added to the telescopic end of the support device 54. This support member 57 has a frustum-shaped structure, and an adapter groove 562 is formed inside the receiving member 56. This allows the second mating slope 571 of the support member 57 to make surface-to-surface contact with the first mating slope 563 of the adapter groove 562, increasing the contact area and thus enhancing the radial restraint force, making the end mold 300 more stable under load. Furthermore, a support ball 572 is elastically installed in the support member 57. During the contact between the support ball 572 and the horn groove 561 in the receiving member 56, the support ball 572 makes elastic contact, while the spherical surface of the smaller support ball 572 rigidly rubs against the groove surface of the horn groove 561. At the same time, when the end mold 300 vibrates, the elastically set support ball 572 absorbs the vibration, optimizing the stability of the end mold 300.

[0115] Preferably, embodiments of the present invention provide a demolding method adapted to box girder formwork for single and double-track railways, using the aforementioned integrated installation and dismantling machine, comprising the following steps:

[0116] The walking wheel set 24 in the driving walking system 20 moves, driving the installation and dismantling machine to the preset dismantling station of the end mold 300 that needs to be dismantled.

[0117] Based on the dimensions of the end mold 300, when the mold support frame 31 needs to move apart, the extension of the power device 32 drives the mold support frame 31 to slide outward. When it needs to move in opposite directions, the retraction of the power device 32 drives the mold support frame 31 to slide inward. At the same time, when the walking system 20 needs to move apart, the swing block 17 tilts away from the walking system 20 on the same side, and the drive device 15 extends to drive the walking system 20 to move apart. When the walking system 20 needs to move in opposite directions, the swing block 17 tilts towards the walking system 20 on the same side, and the drive device 15 retracts to drive the walking system 20 to move in opposite directions.

[0118] After adjusting the positions of the walking system 20 and the formwork support 31, the formwork support 31 is connected to the connecting beam 70 using pins;

[0119] Adjust the position of the clamping mechanism 40 so that the clamp 43 is aligned with the connection position of the end mold 300.

[0120] Then the clamping mechanism 40 is connected to the end mold 300, and the support device 54 is driven to support the end mold 300.

[0121] After clamping and supporting, the walking wheel set 24 of the driving walking system 20 moves along the demolding direction, and at the same time, the demolding push component 1 61, demolding push component 2 62 and demolding push component 3 63 in the demolding mechanism 60 apply a pushing force to the bottom mold 200 and the outer mold 100. Under the reaction action, the installation and dismantling machine moves slowly and smoothly through the walking wheel set 24, thereby driving the end mold 300 away from the box girder.

[0122] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to box girder formwork for single and double track railways, characterized in that, include: A base frame system (10) is provided with at least one set of clamping mechanisms (40) on its top. At least two sets of walking systems (20), with at least one set of the walking system (20) respectively provided at both ends of the bottom of the underframe system (10) along the length direction; The formwork system (30) includes at least two sets of formwork frames (31). At least one set of formwork frames (31) is provided at both ends of the top of the base frame system (10) along the length direction. A support mechanism (50) is provided on the formwork frame (31). The support mechanism (50) cooperates with the clamping mechanism (40) to support the end mold (300). The base frame system (10) is symmetrically provided with a mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism at both ends along the length direction. The mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism includes a stepped track (13), a sliding box is provided on the stepped track (13), a swing block (17) is provided on the sliding box, a drive device (15) is connected to the side of the sliding box near the walking system (20), and the other end of the drive device (15) is connected to the walking system (20) on the same side. The mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism drives the walking system (20) on the same side to flexibly adjust its position. The base frame system (10) is symmetrically equipped with a sliding drive mechanism. The sliding drive mechanism includes a power unit (32). The power unit (32) is connected to the base frame system (10) and the formwork support frame (31). The power unit (32) drives the formwork support frame (31) on the same side to adjust its position. The walking system (20) and the formwork support (31) are adjusted synchronously to adapt to the installation or disassembly of end molds (300) of different sizes and specifications.

2. The universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a demolding mechanism (60), which includes a demolding push-off assembly one (61), a demolding push-off assembly two (62) and a demolding push-off assembly three (63). The demolding push-off assembly one (61) is disposed on the base frame system (10), the demolding push-off assembly two (62) is disposed at the bottom of the mold support frame (31), and the demolding push-off assembly three (63) is disposed on the side of the mold support frame (31).

3. The universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The swing block (17) includes a connecting part (171) and a limiting part (173), and a limiting groove (172) is provided between the connecting part (171) and the limiting part (173). The swing block (17) is rotatably disposed in the sliding box through the connecting part (171) and can swing within the sliding box. A limiting member (18) is provided in the sliding box, and the limiting groove (172) cooperates with the limiting member (18) to restrict the rotation of the swing block. The swing block (17) cooperates with the stepped track (13) through the limiting part (173) to realize the unidirectional adjustment of the position of the drive device (15).

4. A universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base frame system (10) includes two sets of combined slide rails (11) arranged in parallel. The two sets of combined slide rails (11) are connected by a connecting crossbar (12). The base frame system (10) is symmetrically provided with support components (19) at both ends along the length direction. When adjusting the position of the walking system (20), the support assembly (19) forms a support with the ground to lift the underframe system (10).

5. A universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The formwork support frame (31) is provided in two sets, and the two sets of formwork support frames (31) are slidably arranged on the combined slide rail (11); The formwork support frame (31) is provided with formwork support frame slide grooves (33) at the four corners of the bottom end. The formwork support frame slide grooves (33) are slidably matched with the combined slide rails (11) at the corresponding positions. The top of the formwork support frame (31) is provided with a top rectangular tube parallel to the combined slide rails (11). A connecting beam (70) is provided between the two sets of top rectangular tubes.

6. A universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (40) includes a clamping base (41) slidably disposed on the base frame system (10). A sliding seat (42) is provided on the side of the clamping base (41) near the end mold (300). A clamp (43) is slidably disposed in the sliding seat (42). An adjusting screw (44) is connected to the side of the clamp (43) away from the end mold (300). The other end of the adjusting screw (44) is connected to the clamping base (41).

7. A universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism (50) includes a support base (52) connected to the formwork support frame (31), and a support device (54) is installed on the support base (52). The telescopic end of the support device (54) abuts against the end mold (300).

8. A universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The support mechanism (50) further includes a connecting seat (55), which is connected to the end mold (300). A receiving member (56) is connected to the connecting seat (55), and the receiving member (56) abuts against the telescopic end of the support device (54).

9. A universal end formwork installation and dismantling integrated machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The telescopic end of the support device (54) is connected to a spherical support head (541), and the inside of the receiving part (56) is provided with a horn groove (561). The diameter of the spherical support head (541) is greater than the minimum diameter of the horn groove (561) and smaller than the maximum diameter of the horn groove (561). Alternatively, the telescopic end of the support device (54) is connected to a support member (57), in which a support ball (572) is elastically provided, and the receiving member (56) has a horn groove (561) and an adapter groove (562) inside, the support ball (572) cooperates with the horn groove (561), and the receiving member (56) cooperates with the adapter groove (562).

10. A demolding method adapted to box girder formwork for single and double track railways, characterized in that, Using a universal end formwork installation and dismantling machine adapted to single and double track railway box girder formwork as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: The drive system (20) moves the entire equipment to the end module (300); Based on the dimensions of the end mold (300), the positions of the walking system (20) and the formwork support (31) are adjusted using the mutual climbing swing block adjustment drive mechanism and the sliding drive mechanism, and then the formwork support (31) is connected to the connecting beam (70) using pins. Connect the clamping mechanism (40) to the end mold (300) and drive the support device (54) to support the end mold (300). The driving system (20) moves along the demolding direction, and at the same time the demolding mechanism (60) applies force, thereby driving the end mold (300) away from the beam box.

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