Glass capillary microscopic flaw detection method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a glass capillary microscopic flaw detection method and system, and relates to the field of material nondestructive testing, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting a capillary detection signal; when the capillary detection signal is consistent with the detection starting signal, collecting a capillary serial number; determining a sound detection number according to the capillary number; obtaining a standard reaction characteristic based on the capillary serial number and the sound detection serial number; generating and transmitting a corresponding sound wave signal to the capillary tube based on the sound detection number, and collecting sound reaction characteristics; when the sound reaction characteristics are inconsistent with the standard reaction characteristics, controlling vibration auxiliary equipment to apply auxiliary vibration to the capillary tube, and collecting post-vibration sound reaction characteristics; if the post-vibration sound reaction characteristics are inconsistent with the sound reaction characteristics, a capillary tube cleaning prompt is reported; if the after-vibration sound reaction characteristics are consistent with the sound reaction characteristics, capillary tube defect prompts are reported. The method has the effect of improving the detection accuracy of the glass capillary.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing of materials, and in particular to a method and system for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries. Background Technology

[0002] Glass capillaries are thin-walled glass tubes with an inner diameter ranging from micrometers to millimeters and a high length-to-diameter ratio. They are widely used in microfluidic chips, chromatographic analysis, medical devices, and precision instruments as fluid channels or sampling elements.

[0003] Currently, in the production and quality control of glass capillaries, the detection of internal microscopic defects (such as cracks, bubbles, and scratches) and surface deposits (such as dust and particles) is a crucial step in ensuring product reliability. Existing technologies typically employ methods such as optical microscopy, machine vision inspection, and laser scattering detection for defect screening. These methods, to a certain extent, achieve the identification of obvious defects.

[0004] Most of these methods are passive observations of the static and apparent state of capillaries, which makes it difficult to effectively distinguish between removable contaminants attached to the inner wall and the inherent structural defects of the capillary itself. They are prone to misjudging contaminant signals as internal defects, leading to the rejection of qualified products or the failure to detect real defects masked by contaminants, thereby reducing the detection accuracy of glass capillaries and needing improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the accuracy of glass capillary detection, this invention provides a method and system for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillary tubes.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries, employing the following technical solution: A method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries, comprising: Acquire capillary detection signals; When the capillary detection signal matches the preset detection start signal, the capillary number is collected. The sound detection number is determined based on the capillary number; Standard response characteristics are obtained based on capillary numbering and sound detection numbering; Based on the sound detection number, a corresponding sound wave signal is generated and emitted to the capillary, and the sound response characteristics of the capillary under the action of the sound wave signal are collected. When the sound response characteristics are inconsistent with the standard response characteristics, the preset vibration auxiliary device is controlled to apply auxiliary vibration to the capillary, and the sound response characteristics of the vibrated capillary are collected. If the sound response characteristics after vibration are inconsistent with the sound response characteristics, report a capillary cleaning prompt. If the sound response characteristics after vibration are consistent with the sound response characteristics, report a capillary defect warning.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the system detects anomalies through acoustic detection and then introduces a controlled vibration as an intervention. By intelligently comparing the changes in acoustic response before and after the vibration intervention, it can accurately distinguish between interference caused by removable attachments and genuine defects caused by inherent structural flaws. This fundamentally solves the misjudgment problem caused by the inability of traditional methods to distinguish between the two, and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of detection.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes a method for determining the parameters of vibration-assisted equipment: Physical property information is determined based on capillary number; Initial vibration parameters are matched based on physical property information; The feature difference is obtained by combining the sound response characteristics with the standard response characteristics; Vibration auxiliary parameters are determined based on characteristic differences and initial vibration parameters.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the vibration auxiliary parameters can be dynamically and precisely adjusted according to the specific specifications of the capillary and the abnormal characteristics detected in real time, rather than using fixed parameters. This makes the applied vibration excitation highly targeted, effectively disturbing the target attachment while avoiding ineffective vibration or potential damage caused by over-excitation or under-excitation, thus ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the vibration intervention procedure.

[0010] Optional, it also includes steps following the prompt of a capillary defect: The transmission time of the acoustic wave signal and the reception time of the sound response characteristics were collected. The axial distance of the defect is determined based on the transmission and reception times. The vibration-assisted device is controlled to apply vibration to the capillary at different circumferential angles, and the vibration response signal at the corresponding angle is collected. The circumferential angle of the defect is obtained based on the vibration response signals at different angles; The defect location information is generated by combining the axial distance of the defect and the circumferential angle of the defect, and a prompt is reported based on the defect location information.

[0011] By employing the above technical solution, the axial depth of defects is precisely located using the time-of-flight principle of sound waves. Furthermore, by analyzing the differences in the capillary's response to vibration excitation in different directions, the circumferential orientation of the defects is determined. Finally, the axial distance and circumferential angle are fused to generate precise three-dimensional location information of the defects. This provides an intuitive and quantitative spatial coordinate basis for subsequent accurate review, repair, or quality analysis, greatly improving the precision of defect management.

[0012] Optional, a method for quantifying defect size is also included: Acquire the wavelength of the sound wave signal; The characteristics of the defect's reflective cross-section are determined based on the axial distance of the defect and the wavelength of the acoustic signal. The vibration focusing direction is determined based on the circumferential angle of vibration. The vibration-assisted equipment is controlled to apply focused vibration to the focused vibration direction, and the resonance response spectrum under focused vibration is collected; The equivalent size of the defect is determined based on the characteristics of its reflection cross section and the resonant response spectrum. Combine the defect's equivalent size and location information to generate a 3D defect size report.

[0013] By employing the above technical solution and utilizing acoustic reflection characteristics and vibration resonance spectrum information, the equivalent size of defects can be quantitatively calculated. This enables a more precise assessment of defects, from location to quantification. Combined with the determined defect location information, a complete quantitative report containing three-dimensional coordinates and dimensions can be generated. This provides precise physical parameters for assessing the severity of defects, classifying products, or developing repair plans, greatly improving the scientific nature of quality assessment and the reliability of decision-making.

[0014] Optional, defect handling methods are also included: Capillary wall thickness data is determined based on capillary number; The defect strength residual coefficient is determined by combining the defect equivalent size, defect location information, and capillary wall thickness data. The flow resistance influence coefficient is determined based on the equivalent size of the defect. The available score for a defect is determined by combining the residual defect strength coefficient and the flow resistance coefficient. When the defect usability score is lower than the preset standard usability score, a capillary tube scrapping prompt is reported.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a defect availability score is obtained through quantitative calculation, upgrading the inspection results from a simple physical description to a comprehensive risk assessment based on the principles of engineering mechanics and fluid mechanics. When the score is below the standard, the system automatically prompts for scrapping, realizing a closed loop from inspection to intelligent disposal decision-making. This improves the automation and rigor of quality control, avoids human error, and ensures the reliability of the final product.

[0016] Optional, it also includes steps after receiving a capillary cleaning prompt: Based on capillary numbering and acoustic response characteristics, cleaning electrostatic parameters and cleaning vibration parameters are determined; A directional electrostatic field is applied to the capillary based on the cleaning electrostatic parameters, and at the same time, the vibration auxiliary equipment is controlled to apply auxiliary vibration to the capillary according to the cleaning vibration parameters, and the real-time response characteristics of the capillary are collected. The real-time capillary reaction characteristics were compared with the standard reaction characteristics for consistency. When the results are consistent, the capillary cleaning is considered complete and the cleaning operation is stopped. When inconsistencies are found, a stubborn cleanup prompt will be reported.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the system intelligently matches and applies electrostatic and vibration fields to collaboratively clean anomalies determined to be cleanable, and verifies the cleaning effect in real time through acoustic characteristics. If the characteristics meet the standards after cleaning, the process is completed automatically; otherwise, it is identified as stubborn deposits and reported. This significantly improves the automation level and processing efficiency of the inspection line, reducing unnecessary scrapping of qualified products or manual intervention.

[0018] Optionally, phase change cleaning methods are also included: The solidification temperature of the cleaning tube is obtained based on the real-time reaction characteristics of the capillary tube. Based on the cleaning solidification temperature and capillary number to match the type of solidifiable liquid; The liquid injection volume is determined by combining the type of solidifiable liquid and the capillary number. The standard freezing time is determined based on the capillary number, cleaning solidification temperature, liquid injection volume, and type of solidifiable liquid. The solidifiable liquid corresponding to the type of solidifiable liquid is injected into the capillary at the liquid injection rate, and directional freezing treatment is performed according to the cleaning solidification temperature and the preset freezing extension direction, so that the liquid starts to solidify from one end and gradually extends to the other end, thereby using the action of the solidification growth front to peel off stubborn attachments. Collection and freezing time; When the freezing time is the same as the standard processing time, the temperature is controlled to rise so that the solidified material in the capillary melts and the melted liquid is discharged from the capillary.

[0019] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, stubborn deposits are detached from the capillary wall through the injection of a specific liquid and precise directional freezing, utilizing the microscopic mechanical forces generated during the growth of the solidification front. This provides a physically gentle, efficient, and non-destructive automated solution for cleaning extremely stubborn deposits, greatly expanding the capabilities of automated cleaning systems and significantly improving adaptability and success rates in complex contaminated conditions.

[0020] Optional, also includes: Acquire the acoustic characteristics of the capillary freezing process; Calculate solidification propulsion parameters based on the acoustic characteristics of the freezing process; The expected propulsion parameters are determined based on standard processing time and clean solidification temperature. When the solidification propulsion parameters are inconsistent with the expected propulsion parameters, the temperature compensation value is determined based on the solidification propulsion parameters and the expected propulsion parameters. The cleaning solidification temperature is adjusted based on the temperature compensation value, and directional freezing treatment is continued based on the adjusted cleaning solidification temperature.

[0021] Optionally, simulation verification methods are also included: After the melted liquid is discharged from the capillary, a standard verification gas flow is introduced into the capillary, and the sound signal of the flow field generated when the standard verification gas flows through the capillary is collected. Determine the current acoustic characteristics of the flow field based on the sound signals from the flow field; Standard flow field acoustic characteristics are obtained based on capillary numbering; If the current acoustic characteristics of the flow field are consistent with the acoustic characteristics of the standard flow field, a notification indicating that the cleanup is complete will be sent.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides a glass capillary micro-defect detection system, which adopts the following technical solution: A glass capillary micro-defect detection system includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire capillary detection signals, capillary numbers, acoustic response characteristics, and post-vibration acoustic response characteristics. The memory is used to store the program for implementing a method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries; The processor is used to load and execute programs stored in memory.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. After detecting an anomaly through acoustic detection, the system introduces a controlled vibration as an intervention. By intelligently comparing the changes in acoustic response before and after the vibration intervention, it can accurately distinguish between interference caused by removable attachments and genuine defects caused by inherent structural flaws. This fundamentally solves the problem of misjudgment caused by the inability of traditional methods to distinguish between the two, and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of detection. 2. By utilizing the time-of-flight principle of sound waves, the axial depth of defects is precisely located. Furthermore, by analyzing the differences in the response of capillary tubes under vibration excitation in different directions, the circumferential orientation of the defects is determined. Finally, the axial distance and circumferential angle are fused to generate precise three-dimensional location information of the defects. This provides an intuitive and quantitative spatial coordinate basis for subsequent accurate review, repair, or quality analysis, greatly improving the level of precision in defect management. 3. For stubborn deposits, a specific liquid is injected and precisely directionally frozen. The microscopic mechanical forces generated during the growth at the solidification front detach the deposits from the capillary wall. This provides a physically gentle, efficient, and non-destructive automated solution for cleaning extremely stubborn deposits, greatly expanding the capabilities of automated cleaning systems and significantly improving adaptability and success rates in complex contaminated conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries. Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the action of peeling off stubborn deposits at the solidification growth front.

[0025] The parts referred to by the numbers in the above figures are as follows: 1. Capillary; 2. Stubborn deposits. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application discloses a method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries, comprising the following steps: S10: Acquire capillary detection signal.

[0028] The capillary detection signal is a signal used to indicate whether capillary 1 needs to be detected. In this embodiment, the capillary detection signal is acquired by a photoelectric sensor.

[0029] S11: When the capillary detection signal is consistent with the preset detection start signal, the capillary number is collected.

[0030] The detection start signal refers to the signal that capillary 1 needs to be detected. The detection start signal is preset by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] The capillary number is a unique identifier obtained by scanning the barcode label attached to the carrier of capillary 1. The capillary number is acquired by a barcode reader. The barcode reader is a well-known device in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0032] When the capillary detection signal is consistent with the detection start signal, it means that capillary 1 can be defectively detected. The capillary number needs to be collected first for subsequent steps.

[0033] S12: Determine the sound detection number based on the capillary number.

[0034] The acoustic test number is a unique code used to index and execute acoustic testing schemes for a specific capillary tube 1.

[0035] The sound detection number corresponding to the capillary number can be found from the preset detection parameter table. This table records the sound wave emission parameters (such as frequency, power, and waveform) corresponding to different capillary numbers. The detection parameter table is formed in advance by those skilled in the art after testing and calibrating according to the capillary specifications, and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] S13: Obtain standard response characteristics based on capillary numbering and sound detection numbering.

[0037] The standard response characteristics refer to the sound response characteristics that a qualified capillary tube 1 should produce under the action of a corresponding sound wave signal.

[0038] The standard response characteristics are obtained by retrieving acoustic response data from multiple qualified samples that match the current capillary number and sound detection number from the historical qualified product database. The historical qualified product database was accumulated by those skilled in the art during previous quality control work and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0039] S14: Generate and transmit the corresponding acoustic wave signal to capillary 1 based on the sound detection number, and collect the acoustic response characteristics of capillary 1 under the action of the acoustic wave signal.

[0040] Sound response features refer to the feature vectors obtained after preprocessing and feature extraction of the acquired raw response signals. Feature extraction methods include time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis, which are common knowledge in the field and will not be elaborated here.

[0041] The preset ultrasonic transmitter emits sound waves according to the parameters corresponding to the sound detection number, and the response signal of capillary 1 is collected by an acoustic sensor. The ultrasonic transmitter and acoustic sensor are well-known devices in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] S15: When the sound response characteristics are inconsistent with the standard response characteristics, control the preset vibration auxiliary device to apply auxiliary vibration to the capillary 1, and collect the post-vibration sound response characteristics of the capillary 1.

[0043] The post-vibration acoustic response characteristics refer to the characteristic vector obtained after the same acoustic wave signal is emitted again and the response is collected after the auxiliary vibration is applied. The collection method is the same as S14.

[0044] Vibration-assisted equipment refers to a device that can apply controllable mechanical vibration to capillary tube 1, such as a piezoelectric vibrator. The vibration-assisted equipment is installed in advance by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] When the acoustic response characteristics are inconsistent with the standard response characteristics, it indicates that the capillary 1 has some abnormality or deviates from the standard state, which may be due to attached contaminants or inherent internal defects. In order to distinguish between these two situations, it is necessary to control the vibration-assisted device to apply auxiliary vibration to the capillary 1 and collect the post-vibration acoustic response characteristics of the capillary 1 for subsequent steps.

[0046] S16: If the sound response characteristics after vibration are inconsistent with the sound response characteristics, report a capillary cleaning prompt.

[0047] The capillary cleaning prompt is a system-generated prompt that suggests cleaning the capillary 1.

[0048] If the acoustic response characteristics after vibration are inconsistent with the acoustic response characteristics, it indicates that the acoustic response of capillary 1 has changed after the auxiliary vibration is applied. This suggests that the abnormality detected in step S14 may be caused by movable attachments (such as dust or particles). These attachments are displaced or detached under vibration, which leads to changes in acoustic characteristics. In this case, a capillary cleaning prompt should be reported for subsequent steps.

[0049] S17: If the sound response characteristics after vibration are consistent with the sound response characteristics, report a capillary defect warning.

[0050] A capillary defect alert is a system-generated alert indicating that the capillary 1 has internal defects.

[0051] If the acoustic response characteristics after vibration are consistent with the acoustic response characteristics, it indicates that the acoustic response of capillary 1 has not changed significantly after the auxiliary vibration is applied. This means that the abnormality detected in step S14 is not caused by movable attachments, but by inherent structural defects of capillary 1 itself (such as internal cracks, bubbles, and material inhomogeneity). Such defects are not changed by external vibration. At this time, a capillary defect warning needs to be reported for subsequent steps.

[0052] It also includes methods for determining the parameters of vibration-assisted equipment: S20: Determine physical property information based on capillary number.

[0053] Physical property information refers to the structural and material properties data of capillary 1, including the inner diameter, outer diameter, length, and glass material density of capillary 1.

[0054] The physical property information is obtained by querying the product specification database linked to the capillary tube number. The product specification database stores the physical property information corresponding to each capillary tube 1. The product specification database is established in advance by those skilled in the art based on production data, and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] S21: Match initial vibration parameters based on physical property information.

[0056] Initial vibration parameters refer to the basic vibration settings used to drive vibration-assisted equipment, including the vibration frequency range, sweep rate, and vibration amplitude.

[0057] The initial vibration parameters are obtained by querying a preset attribute parameter lookup table. This lookup table records the recommended vibration parameters for different specifications of capillary tubes 1. The attribute parameter lookup table is established in advance by those skilled in the art through experimental calibration, and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] S22: Combine sound response characteristics with standard response characteristics to obtain the characteristic difference quantity.

[0059] The feature difference measure refers to the quantified difference between the sound response feature vector and the standard response feature vector. The feature difference measure is obtained by calculating the difference or Euclidean distance between the two feature vectors along key dimensions (such as amplitude at a specific frequency point or formant frequency). The specific calculation method is common knowledge in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] S23: Determine the vibration auxiliary parameters based on the characteristic difference and the initial vibration parameters.

[0061] Vibration auxiliary parameters refer to the specific parameters ultimately used to control the vibration auxiliary equipment to perform auxiliary vibration, including the precise excitation frequency, duration, and energy.

[0062] The vibration auxiliary parameters are obtained by fine-tuning the initial vibration parameters based on the magnitude and pattern of the characteristic differences. Specifically, when the characteristic differences are large or the pattern indicates that the anomaly is concentrated in the high-frequency band, the upper limit of the sweep frequency in the initial vibration parameters is increased, and the vibration duration in the high-frequency band is also increased; when the characteristic differences are small or the pattern is concentrated in the low-frequency band, the low-frequency excitation energy in the initial vibration parameters is enhanced. Through targeted adjustments to the initial vibration parameters, vibration auxiliary parameters that match the current anomaly characteristics are generated. The specific fine-tuning rules for the vibration auxiliary parameters (including the judgment of the magnitude of the characteristic differences) are set in advance by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0063] It also includes the steps after receiving a capillary defect alert: S30: Acquire the transmission time of the acoustic wave signal and the reception time of the sound response characteristics.

[0064] The emission time refers to the specific moment when the ultrasonic pulse transmitter is triggered and begins to emit sound wave signals.

[0065] The reception time refers to the specific moment when the acoustic sensor first receives a clear echo signal from the reflection of a defect.

[0066] Transmission and reception times are obtained through high-precision timing circuits or time stamps recorded by signal acquisition cards.

[0067] S31: Obtain the axial distance of the defect based on the transmission and reception times.

[0068] The axial distance of a defect refers to the length of the defect location from the detection port along the axial direction of capillary 1.

[0069] The axial distance of the defect is obtained by calculating the speed of sound in the medium as half the transmission-reception time difference. The formula is: distance = (speed of sound × time difference) / 2.

[0070] The sound velocity is determined in advance by those skilled in the art based on the material of capillary 1 and the internal medium (such as air), and will not be elaborated here.

[0071] S32: Control the vibration auxiliary device to apply vibration to the capillary tube 1 at different circumferential angles, and collect the vibration response signal at the corresponding angle.

[0072] Vibration response signal refers to the vibration sound signal of capillary 1 collected by an acoustic sensor under vibration excitation in different directions.

[0073] Specifically, the vibration-assisted device is controlled to apply the same vibration excitation sequentially at preset circumferential angles such as 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°, and a sound signal is collected after each excitation. Excitation at different circumferential angles can be achieved by rotating capillary tube 1 or by using multiple vibrators arranged at different angles.

[0074] S33: Obtain the circumferential angle of the defect based on the vibration response signals at different angles.

[0075] The circumferential angle of a defect refers to the orientation of the defect along the circumference of capillary tube 1.

[0076] The circumferential angle of the defect is obtained by analyzing the intensity of vibration response signals at different angles. Specifically, by comparing vibration response signals collected at multiple preset circumferential angles, the angle with the strongest or most abnormal signal characteristics (such as specific frequency amplitude and total energy) is identified. This angle indicates the main circumferential orientation of the defect. The specific orientation analysis algorithm is preset by those skilled in the art based on signal processing principles and will not be elaborated here.

[0077] S34: Combine the axial distance of the defect with the circumferential angle of the defect to generate defect location information, and report and prompt based on the defect location information.

[0078] Defect location information refers to three-dimensional coordinate information that integrates axial distance and circumferential angle. This information is generated by combining axial distance and circumferential angle, and referencing the capillary coordinate system. The reported alert information includes this defect location information to facilitate subsequent location review or processing. The capillary coordinate system is pre-set by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0079] It also includes methods for quantifying defect size: S40: Acquires the wavelength of the acoustic signal.

[0080] The wavelength of an acoustic signal refers to the wavelength of the emitted acoustic signal in the capillary medium.

[0081] The wavelength of the sound wave signal is calculated using the formula: Wavelength = Speed ​​of sound / Frequency. Where the speed of sound is a known calibration value, and the frequency is the center frequency of the sound wave defined by the current sound detection number.

[0082] S41: Determine the characteristics of the defect's reflective cross section based on the defect's axial distance and the wavelength of the acoustic signal.

[0083] The reflective cross-section characteristics of a defect refer to the characteristic parameters that characterize the defect's ability to reflect sound waves, and are related to the size and shape of the defect.

[0084] The reflective cross-sectional characteristics of the defect are calculated by analyzing the amplitude and phase of the echo signal received at a known axial distance from the defect, combined with the known wavelength of the acoustic signal. Specifically, according to acoustic wave propagation theory, the amplitude attenuation of the echo signal is proportional to the effective reflective cross-section of the defect, while its phase information is related to the geometry of the defect. By fitting and inverting the measured echo signal with the theoretical model, the equivalent cross-sectional characteristics characterizing the reflectivity of the defect can be calculated. The specific calculation model and inversion algorithm are predetermined by those skilled in the art based on acoustic principles and will not be elaborated here.

[0085] S42: Determine the vibration focusing orientation based on the circumferential angle of vibration.

[0086] Vibration focusing orientation refers to the direction in which vibration energy needs to be concentrated in order to accurately excite resonance in a specific circumferential angular defect.

[0087] The vibration focusing orientation is determined by adjusting the excitation mode of the vibration auxiliary device to align with the circumferential angle of the defect obtained in S33.

[0088] S43: Control the vibration auxiliary equipment to apply focused vibration to the focused vibration direction and collect the resonance response spectrum under focused vibration.

[0089] The resonant response spectrum refers to the frequency spectrum of the sound signal collected from capillary tube 1 under focused vibration excitation in a specific direction.

[0090] The resonance response spectrum is obtained by processing the acquired focused vibration sound signal using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Specifically, after the vibration-assisted device applies steady-state vibration excitation for a period of time to the vibration focusing direction determined by S42, the acoustic sensor acquires the sound signal generated by capillary 1 under this excitation, and performs a Fast Fourier Transform on this time-domain sound signal to convert it into a frequency-domain signal. The resulting spectrum is the resonance response spectrum. The Fast Fourier Transform is common knowledge in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0091] S44: The equivalent size of the defect is obtained based on the characteristics of the defect's reflective cross section and the resonant response spectrum.

[0092] The equivalent size of a defect refers to the characteristic dimensions (such as diameter, major axis, and minor axis) when the defect is approximated as a regular shape (such as a circle or ellipse).

[0093] The equivalent size of the defect was calculated by combining the defect reflection section characteristics obtained from S41 and the resonance response spectrum obtained from S43.

[0094] Specifically, the reflective cross-sectional characteristics of a defect primarily reflect the size of its projection in the acoustic direction, while the peak frequency shift of the resonant response spectrum is related to changes in the defect's mass or stiffness, reflecting its volumetric information. By inputting these two parameters into a preset feature size mapping model, the equivalent diameter, major axis, minor axis, and other dimensional information of the defect can be calculated. This feature size mapping model was established by those skilled in the art through extensive experimental calibration of standard defect samples of known dimensions, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0095] S45: Combine defect equivalent size and defect location information to generate a 3D defect size report.

[0096] A defect 3D dimension report is a structured document that contains the three-dimensional location coordinates of the defect in capillary 1 and its equivalent dimensions (length, width, depth, or diameter).

[0097] The 3D defect size report is automatically generated by integrating defect location information from S34 and equivalent defect size from S44.

[0098] It also includes methods for handling defects: S50: Determine capillary wall thickness data based on capillary number.

[0099] The capillary wall thickness data refers to the thickness of the wall of capillary 1.

[0100] The capillary wall thickness data is obtained directly by querying the product specification database linked to the capillary number. The product specification database also records the capillary wall thickness data corresponding to all capillary 1s.

[0101] S51: Combine the defect equivalent size, defect location information, and capillary wall thickness data to determine the defect strength residual factor.

[0102] The defect strength residual coefficient refers to the ratio of the residual structural strength of a local area of ​​capillary 1 to the strength of the intact area when defects are present. It is used to assess the impact of defects on mechanical strength.

[0103] The defect strength residual coefficient is calculated by substituting the equivalent size of the defect, the penetration depth of the defect in the tube wall thickness direction (derived from defect location information combined with wall thickness data), and the defect type (such as cracks or pores) into a preset structural strength reduction model. This model, based on the principles of materials mechanics and fracture mechanics, quantifies the degree to which defects of different sizes and locations reduce the bending, compressive, or torsional strength of the glass capillary 1. The specific structural strength reduction model is established in advance by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0104] S52: Determine the flow resistance influence coefficient based on the equivalent size of the defect.

[0105] The flow resistance coefficient refers to the rate at which the fluid flow resistance inside the capillary tube increases due to the presence of defects.

[0106] The flow resistance influence coefficient is obtained by referring to a pre-set size flow resistance comparison table. This table records the influence coefficients of different equivalent diameters and types of defects (such as protrusions, depressions, and attachments) on the flow resistance of laminar or low Reynolds number fluids. This comparison table is established in advance by those skilled in the art through fluid simulation or standard pipe flow resistance experiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0107] S53: Combine the defect strength residual coefficient with the flow resistance influence coefficient to determine the available score for the defect.

[0108] The defect availability score is a quantitative score that comprehensively evaluates the impact of defects on the structural safety and functionality of capillary 1. The higher the score, the higher the availability.

[0109] The defect availability score is calculated by inputting the defect strength residual coefficient and the flow resistance influence coefficient into a preset scoring function. This scoring function is a weighted summation model: Defect Availability Score = W1 × Defect Strength Residual Coefficient + W2 × (1 - Flow Resistance Influence Coefficient). Here, W1 and W2 are the weighting coefficients for structural safety and flow functionality, respectively, and W1 + W2 = 1. The detailed forms of the weighting coefficients W1 and W2 and the scoring function are predetermined by those skilled in the art based on the final application scenario and quality standards of the product, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0110] S54: When the defect usability score is lower than the preset standard usability score, report a capillary tube scrapping prompt.

[0111] The standard availability score refers to the lowest score threshold that allows capillary tube 1 to be shipped as qualified. The standard availability score is set in advance by those skilled in the art based on quality requirements, and will not be elaborated here.

[0112] When the calculated defect score is lower than the threshold, the system automatically generates and reports a capillary tube scrapping prompt, indicating that capillary tube 1 should be scrapped.

[0113] It also includes the steps after receiving the capillary cleaning prompt: S60: Determine cleaning electrostatic parameters and cleaning vibration parameters based on capillary numbering and acoustic response characteristics.

[0114] The parameters for cleaning static electricity refer to the parameters used to control static electricity generating devices, including voltage magnitude, polarity, and duration.

[0115] The cleaning vibration parameters refer to the vibration parameters used during the cleaning phase, which are different from the vibration parameters in S23.

[0116] The cleaning parameters for static electricity and vibration were obtained by consulting the abnormal cleaning reference table. This table matches the optimal combination of cleaning parameters based on the specifications corresponding to the capillary number and the type of contaminant indicated by the sound response characteristics. The abnormal cleaning reference table was established in advance by those skilled in the art through experiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0117] S61: Apply a directional electrostatic field to capillary 1 according to the cleaning electrostatic parameters, and at the same time control the vibration auxiliary equipment to apply auxiliary vibration to capillary 1 according to the cleaning vibration parameters, and collect the real-time response characteristics of capillary.

[0118] The real-time capillary response characteristics refer to the acoustic response characteristics of capillary 1 collected in real time during the cleaning process involving the application of an electrostatic field and vibration. The acquisition method is the same as that in S14.

[0119] After obtaining the cleaning electrostatic parameters and cleaning vibration parameters, it is necessary to control the electrostatic generator to generate and apply a directional electrostatic field to capillary 1 according to the cleaning electrostatic parameters, and at the same time control the vibration auxiliary device to apply auxiliary vibration according to the cleaning vibration parameters, so as to carry out coordinated cleaning of the deposits on the inner wall of capillary 1. At the same time, it is necessary to collect the real-time reaction characteristics of the capillary for subsequent steps.

[0120] S62: Compare the real-time capillary reaction characteristics with the standard reaction characteristics for consistency.

[0121] The real-time response characteristics of the capillary are compared with the standard response characteristics to determine whether the acoustic state of capillary 1 has been restored to the acceptable standard after electrostatic and vibration-assisted cleaning. The specific comparison algorithm (such as calculating the Euclidean distance or cosine similarity between feature vectors) is set in advance by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0122] S63: When the results are consistent, the cleaning of capillary tube 1 is determined to be complete and the cleaning operation is stopped.

[0123] When the comparison results are consistent, it indicates that after the synergistic cleaning by electrostatic field and vibration, the acoustic response of capillary 1 has returned to the qualified standard, indicating that the movable attachments have been effectively removed. At this point, the cleaning of capillary 1 is deemed complete, the electrostatic generator and vibration auxiliary equipment are stopped, and the cleaning operation is terminated.

[0124] S64: When there is an inconsistency, report a stubborn cleanup prompt.

[0125] The "stubborn cleaning prompt" refers to the system's message generated when the real-time response characteristics still fail to meet the standards after cleaning operations, indicating the presence of stubborn deposits that are difficult to remove using conventional methods.

[0126] When the comparison results are inconsistent, it indicates that the acoustic response of capillary 1 still fails to meet the standard after the preset collaborative cleaning, suggesting that the adhering substance may be a stubborn adhering substance 2 with extremely strong adhesion and firm binding. At this time, a stubborn cleaning prompt is generated and reported.

[0127] It also includes phase change cleanup methods: S70: The solidification temperature is obtained based on the real-time reaction characteristics of the capillary.

[0128] The solidification temperature refers to the target solidification point temperature of the phase change medium required for phase change cleaning of the stubborn deposits 2 corresponding to the stubborn cleaning prompt reported in step S64.

[0129] By analyzing the spectrum of the real-time capillary reaction characteristics, characteristic frequencies or peaks related to different types of stubborn deposits (such as grease and polymer residues) are extracted. Then, a pre-set spectrum solidification mapping table is consulted to obtain the most suitable cleaning solidification temperature. This mapping table records the solidification points of the phase change medium that need to be reached to effectively remove various typical stubborn deposits. It has been established in advance by those skilled in the art through experimental calibration and will not be elaborated here.

[0130] S71: Match the type of solidifiable liquid based on the cleaning solidification temperature and capillary number.

[0131] Solidifiable liquids refer to specific phase change fluids that have a freezing point slightly higher than or equal to the cleaning freezing temperature, are compatible with the capillary material, are non-toxic, and are easy to remove.

[0132] The type of solidifiable liquid is obtained by querying a preset temperature liquid database. This database stores different types of solidifiable liquids corresponding to different freezing point temperatures and their compatibility information with capillary tubes 1 made of different materials. It is formed in advance by those skilled in the art based on experimental data of the thermophysical properties and chemical compatibility of phase change materials, and will not be described in detail here.

[0133] S72: Combine the type of solidifiable liquid and the capillary number to determine the liquid injection volume.

[0134] The liquid injection volume refers to the volume of solidifiable liquid that needs to be injected into capillary tube 1 for cleaning.

[0135] The internal volume of capillary 1 is obtained by querying the product specification parameters associated with the capillary number, and the liquid injection volume is then calculated based on the recommended filling ratio corresponding to the type of solidifiable liquid. The recommended filling ratio is obtained by consulting a pre-set liquid type parameter lookup table, which records the recommended filling ratios for different types of solidifiable liquids. This liquid type parameter lookup table is pre-calibrated and recorded by those skilled in the art based on experiments and calibrations of the physical properties of different liquid types, such as flowability and solidification expansion rate, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0136] The specific calculation formula is: Liquid injection volume = internal volume of capillary × filling ratio.

[0137] S73: Determine the standard freezing time based on capillary number, cleaning solidification temperature, liquid injection volume, and type of solidifiable liquid.

[0138] The standard freezing time refers to the estimated theoretical time required for a specific liquid injected into the capillary tube to be completely and directionally solidified from one end to the other at a set cleaning and solidification temperature.

[0139] The standard freezing time is obtained by querying a pre-set phase change cleaning database. This database stores standard freezing time data corresponding to different capillary specifications (determined by number), different cleaning solidification temperatures, different liquid injection volumes, and different types of solidifiable liquids. The phase change cleaning process parameter database was established by those skilled in the art through extensive heat conduction experiments, measuring and recording the actual time required for complete directional solidification of the liquid under different parameter combinations, and then statistically analyzing the data; details are omitted here.

[0140] S74: The solidifiable liquid corresponding to the type of solidifiable liquid is injected into the capillary tube 1 at the liquid injection rate, and directional freezing treatment is performed according to the cleaning solidification temperature and the preset freezing extension direction, so that the liquid starts to solidify from one end and gradually extends to the other end, thereby using the action of the solidification growth front to peel off the stubborn attachment 2.

[0141] The freezing extension direction refers to the spatial direction in which the solidification process progresses, typically set along the axial direction of capillary 1 from one end to the other. Directional freezing is achieved by controlling the temperature gradient of the temperature control module in contact with capillary 1.

[0142] According to the liquid injection volume determined in S72, the solidifiable liquid matched in S71 is injected into capillary tube 1. Subsequently, the temperature control system is activated, and capillary tube 1 is precisely cooled in a gradient according to the cleaning and solidification temperature determined in S70 and the freezing extension direction from one end of capillary tube 1 to the other.

[0143] This directional freezing process causes the injected liquid to solidify from a designated end, forming a continuous solidification growth front that gradually extends to the other end. As the solidification front advances, it interacts with the stubborn deposits 2 on the inner wall of the capillary 1, using the microscopic interfacial forces (such as crystallization pressure and interfacial shear force) generated during the solidification process to peel the deposits off the tube wall.

[0144] S75: Collection and freezing processing time.

[0145] The freezing time refers to the actual time elapsed from the start of the directional cooling operation of S74 until the system determines that the solidification process is complete by monitoring parameters (such as temperature profiles and acoustic signals). The freezing time is recorded by the system timer.

[0146] S76: When the freezing treatment time is the same as the standard treatment time, the temperature is controlled to rise so that the solidified material in the capillary tube 1 melts and the melted liquid is discharged from the capillary tube 1.

[0147] When the freezing treatment time matches the standard treatment time, it indicates that the actual directional solidification process has been completed as expected. The injected solidifiable liquid has completely solidified from one end to the other, the solidification growth front has traversed the entire inner wall of capillary 1, and the expected peeling action on the stubborn deposits 2 has been completed. At this point, the controllable temperature control system raises the temperature to melt the solidified material inside capillary 1, and the melted liquid is discharged from capillary 1.

[0148] Also includes: S80: Collect the acoustic characteristics of the freezing process of capillary tube 1.

[0149] Acoustic characteristics of the freezing process refer to the sound signals continuously collected by acoustic sensors during directional freezing. These signals contain acoustic information about liquid solidification, crystal growth, and interaction with the attached material.

[0150] S81: Calculate solidification propulsion parameters based on the acoustic characteristics of the freezing process.

[0151] Solidification propulsion parameters refer to parameters that quantify the actual propulsion state of the solidification front, including propulsion speed and front smoothness.

[0152] Solidification propulsion parameters are obtained through time-frequency analysis of the acoustic characteristics of the freezing process acquired by the S80. Specifically, characteristic frequency components related to crystal growth are extracted from the continuous freezing process acoustic signals, and the occurrence time and propagation law of these characteristic frequencies on the time axis are analyzed to calculate the propulsion velocity of the solidification front. Simultaneously, the smoothness or uniformity of the solidification front is evaluated by analyzing the coherence of multi-channel acoustic signals or sound signals. The specific time-frequency analysis algorithm is pre-set by those skilled in the art based on acoustic signal processing principles and will not be elaborated here.

[0153] S82: Determine the expected propulsion parameters based on standard processing time and cleaning solidification temperature.

[0154] The expected propulsion parameters refer to the propulsion speed and uniformity that the solidification front should have under ideal conditions.

[0155] The expected progress comparison table can be used to look up the expected progress parameters corresponding to the standard processing time and the cleaning solidification temperature. The table records different expected progress parameters (including speed and uniformity indicators) corresponding to different combinations of standard processing time and cleaning solidification temperature. The comparison content in the expected progress comparison table is formed by those skilled in the art after simulating and calibrating the solidification process under different process conditions, and will not be elaborated here.

[0156] S83: When the solidification propulsion parameters are inconsistent with the expected propulsion parameters, the temperature compensation value shall be determined based on the solidification propulsion parameters and the expected propulsion parameters.

[0157] Temperature compensation value refers to the correction amount required to adjust the solidification temperature of the cleaning process.

[0158] The temperature compensation comparison table can be used to look up the temperature compensation value corresponding to the deviation between the solidification propulsion parameters and the expected propulsion parameters. The table records different temperature compensation values ​​corresponding to different propulsion speed deviations and smoothness deviations. The comparison content in the temperature compensation comparison table is formed by the test calibration of the temperature adjustment effect under different deviation conditions by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0159] When the solidification propulsion parameters differ from the expected propulsion parameters, it indicates that the actual solidification process has deviated from the ideal state, possibly due to factors such as uneven thermal coupling, changes in liquid purity, or minor deformation of capillary 1 itself. To bring the solidification process back to the expected trajectory, a temperature compensation value needs to be calculated based on the deviation.

[0160] S84: Adjust the cleaning solidification temperature according to the temperature compensation value, and continue to perform directional freezing treatment based on the adjusted cleaning solidification temperature.

[0161] By adjusting the settings of the temperature control module, the actual controlled temperature is made equal to the original cleaning and solidification temperature plus (or minus) the temperature compensation value, and the directional freezing process continues based on the adjusted cleaning and solidification temperature.

[0162] It also includes simulation verification methods: S90: After the melted liquid is discharged from capillary tube 1, a standard verification gas flow is introduced into capillary tube 1, and the sound signal of the flow field generated when the standard verification gas flow passes through capillary tube 1 is collected.

[0163] Standard validation flow refers to gas whose pressure, flow rate, and cleanliness are all strictly controllable.

[0164] The flow field sound signal refers to the characteristic sound generated by turbulence, vortices, etc. when the airflow passes through the capillary tube 1, which is collected by an acoustic sensor installed at the airflow outlet.

[0165] After the melted liquid is discharged from capillary tube 1, a standard verification gas flow needs to be introduced into capillary tube 1, and the sound signal of the flow field generated when the standard verification gas flow passes through capillary tube 1 should be collected for subsequent steps.

[0166] S91: Determine the current acoustic characteristics of the flow field based on the flow field sound signal.

[0167] Current flow field acoustic characteristics refer to the characteristic parameters extracted from the flow field sound signal that characterize the current internal flow state of capillary 1, such as the sound pressure level at a specific frequency and the peak distribution of the noise spectrum.

[0168] By performing a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the acoustic signal of the flow field, its power spectral density map is obtained. Then, the sound pressure level of several preset characteristic frequency points (such as frequencies related to laminar flow or specific turbulent vortex scales) and parameters such as the peak frequency and peak amplitude of the entire spectrum are extracted from the power spectrum. These parameters are combined to form the current flow field acoustic feature vector, i.e., the current flow field acoustic feature. The Fast Fourier Transform is common knowledge in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0169] S92: Obtain standard flow field acoustic characteristics based on capillary numbering.

[0170] The standard flow field acoustic characteristics refer to the sound characteristics of the flow field that a intact capillary tube 1 of the same specification should produce under the same standard verification airflow. The standard flow field acoustic characteristics are obtained from the historical qualified product database, and the acquisition method is similar to that of S13, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0171] S93: If the current flow field acoustic characteristics are consistent with the standard flow field acoustic characteristics, report a message indicating that the cleanup is complete.

[0172] If the current acoustic characteristics of the flow field are consistent with those of the standard flow field, it indicates that after the complete cleaning process, the flow state inside capillary 1 has returned to the same level as that of a qualified product, and there are no deposits or blockages on the inner wall of capillary 1 that affect fluid performance. The cleaning operation has been successfully completed. At this time, the system reports a cleaning completion notification, indicating that capillary 1 has passed all inspection and cleaning steps and can proceed to the next production process or be put into storage as a qualified product.

[0173] If the current acoustic characteristics of the flow field are inconsistent with those of the standard flow field, it indicates that the cleaning is not yet complete and an anomaly alert needs to be reported to prompt staff to check on-site.

[0174] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention provide a glass capillary micro-defect detection system, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire capillary detection signals, capillary number, acoustic response characteristics, post-vibration acoustic response characteristics, transmission time, reception time, vibration response signal, acoustic wave signal wavelength, resonance response spectrum, real-time capillary response characteristics, freezing treatment duration, acoustic characteristics of the freezing process, and flow field acoustic signals. The memory is used to store the program for implementing a method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries; The processor is used to load and execute programs stored in memory.

[0175] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0176] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries, characterized in that, include: Acquire capillary detection signals; When the capillary detection signal matches the preset detection start signal, the capillary number is collected. The sound detection number is determined based on the capillary number; Standard response characteristics are obtained based on capillary numbering and sound detection numbering; Based on the sound detection number, a corresponding sound wave signal is generated and emitted to the capillary (1), and the sound response characteristics of the capillary (1) under the action of the sound wave signal are collected. When the sound response characteristics are inconsistent with the standard response characteristics, the preset vibration auxiliary device is controlled to apply auxiliary vibration to the capillary (1) and the sound response characteristics of the capillary (1) after vibration are collected. If the sound response characteristics after vibration are inconsistent with the sound response characteristics, report a capillary cleaning prompt. If the sound response characteristics after vibration are consistent with the sound response characteristics, report a capillary defect warning.

2. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes methods for determining the parameters of vibration-assisted equipment: Physical property information is determined based on capillary number; Initial vibration parameters are matched based on physical property information; The feature difference is obtained by combining the sound response characteristics with the standard response characteristics; Vibration auxiliary parameters are determined based on characteristic differences and initial vibration parameters.

3. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the steps after receiving a capillary defect alert: The transmission time of the acoustic wave signal and the reception time of the sound response characteristics were collected. The axial distance of the defect is determined based on the transmission and reception times. The vibration-assisted device was controlled to apply vibration to the capillary tube (1) at different circumferential angles, and the vibration response signal at the corresponding angle was collected; The circumferential angle of the defect is obtained based on the vibration response signals at different angles; The defect location information is generated by combining the axial distance of the defect and the circumferential angle of the defect, and a prompt is reported based on the defect location information.

4. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes methods for quantifying defect size: Acquire the wavelength of the sound wave signal; The characteristics of the defect's reflective cross-section are determined based on the axial distance of the defect and the wavelength of the acoustic signal. The vibration focusing direction is determined based on the circumferential angle of vibration. The vibration-assisted equipment is controlled to apply focused vibration to the focused vibration direction, and the resonance response spectrum under focused vibration is collected; The equivalent size of the defect is determined based on the characteristics of its reflection cross section and the resonant response spectrum. Combine the defect's equivalent size and location information to generate a 3D defect size report.

5. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes methods for handling defects: Capillary wall thickness data is determined based on capillary number; The defect strength residual coefficient is determined by combining the defect equivalent size, defect location information, and capillary wall thickness data. The flow resistance influence coefficient is determined based on the equivalent size of the defect. The available score for a defect is determined by combining the residual defect strength coefficient and the flow resistance coefficient. When the defect usability score is lower than the preset standard usability score, a capillary tube scrapping prompt is reported.

6. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the steps after receiving the capillary cleaning prompt: Based on capillary numbering and acoustic response characteristics, cleaning electrostatic parameters and cleaning vibration parameters are determined; A directional electrostatic field is applied to the capillary (1) according to the cleaning electrostatic parameters. At the same time, the vibration auxiliary equipment is controlled according to the cleaning vibration parameters to apply auxiliary vibration to the capillary (1) and the real-time response characteristics of the capillary are collected. The real-time capillary reaction characteristics were compared with the standard reaction characteristics for consistency. When the results are consistent, the capillary cleaning is considered complete and the cleaning operation is stopped. When inconsistencies are found, a stubborn cleanup prompt will be reported.

7. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes phase change cleanup methods: The solidification temperature of the cleaning tube is obtained based on the real-time reaction characteristics of the capillary tube. Based on the cleaning solidification temperature and capillary number to match the type of solidifiable liquid; The liquid injection volume is determined by combining the type of solidifiable liquid and the capillary number. The standard freezing time is determined based on the capillary number, cleaning solidification temperature, liquid injection volume, and type of solidifiable liquid. The solidifiable liquid corresponding to the type of solidifiable liquid is injected into the capillary tube (1) at the liquid injection rate, and directional freezing treatment is performed according to the cleaning solidification temperature and the preset freezing extension direction, so that the liquid starts to solidify from one end and gradually extends to the other end, thereby using the effect of the solidification growth front to peel off the stubborn attachments (2). Collection and freezing time; When the freezing time is the same as the standard processing time, the temperature is controlled to rise so that the solidified material in the capillary (1) melts and the melted liquid is discharged from the capillary (1).

8. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Acquire the acoustic characteristics of the freezing process of the capillary (1); Calculate solidification propulsion parameters based on the acoustic characteristics of the freezing process; The expected propulsion parameters are determined based on standard processing time and clean solidification temperature. When the solidification propulsion parameters are inconsistent with the expected propulsion parameters, the temperature compensation value is determined based on the solidification propulsion parameters and the expected propulsion parameters. The cleaning solidification temperature is adjusted based on the temperature compensation value, and directional freezing treatment is continued based on the adjusted cleaning solidification temperature.

9. The method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes simulation verification methods: After the melted liquid is discharged from the capillary tube (1), a standard verification airflow is introduced into the capillary tube (1), and the flow field sound signal generated when the standard verification airflow passes through the capillary tube (1) is collected. Determine the current acoustic characteristics of the flow field based on the sound signals from the flow field; Standard flow field acoustic characteristics are obtained based on capillary numbering; If the current acoustic characteristics of the flow field are consistent with the acoustic characteristics of the standard flow field, a notification indicating that the cleanup is complete will be sent.

10. A system for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire capillary detection signals, capillary numbers, acoustic response characteristics, and post-vibration acoustic response characteristics. A memory for storing a program that implements a method for detecting microscopic defects in glass capillaries as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The processor is used to load and execute programs stored in memory.

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