Purification treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organic silicon synthesis

Abstract

The invention discloses a purification treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organic silicon synthesis, and relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment.The purification treatment device comprises a treatment tank, and an inner cavity of the treatment tank is sequentially provided with a primary purification cavity, a secondary purification cavity, a tertiary purification cavity and an activated carbon filtering cavity from bottom to top; a lower-layer hollowed-out partition plate is arranged between the primary purification cavity and the secondary purification cavity, a middle-layer hollowed-out partition plate is arranged between the secondary purification cavity and the tertiary purification cavity, and an upper-layer hollowed-out partition plate is arranged between the tertiary purification cavity and the activated carbon filtering cavity. The purification efficiency is improved, chemicals are saved, accurate matching of waste gas treatment capacity under different working conditions is achieved through triple linkage adjustment of gas inflow, space adjustment and a gas flowing channel, waste of alkali liquor is avoided, it is ensured that the device can keep a stable purification effect in the high-load state and the low-load state, and the device is suitable for popularization and application. The energy consumption and the efficiency of the whole purification treatment system are optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology, specifically to a purification and treatment device for waste gas containing acetic anhydride in organosilicon synthesis. Background Technology

[0002] Organosilicon materials are widely used in construction, electronics, and automotive industries. Acetoxysilanes, as key crosslinking agents and silane coupling agents for room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber, are mainly produced industrially using the acetic anhydride process, which involves the reaction of organochlorosilanes with acetic anhydride. In this process, acetic anhydride, as the acetylation reagent, needs to be added in excess to ensure complete reaction. During processes such as vacuum distillation and vacuum solvent removal, unreacted acetic anhydride will volatilize in large quantities with the reaction tail gas, forming organosilicon synthesis waste gas containing acetic anhydride. Existing treatment devices mostly use reaction towers for filtration and purification. The towers are filled with packing materials such as Raschig rings and Pall rings, and a fixed concentration of NaOH solution is sprayed evenly from the top of the tower. The waste gas reacts countercurrently from bottom to top, and finally passes through activated carbon adsorption to meet emission standards. However, a single reaction tower has the following shortcomings: First, the contact time between the waste gas and the alkaline solution is relatively short, and some acetic anhydride is discharged with the airflow before fully reacting, resulting in low purification efficiency; Second, the packing materials are mostly stacked in layers, which can easily lead to airflow short-circuiting. Currently, some treatment devices also use a multi-tower series approach, where multiple reaction towers are used sequentially for spray absorption and adsorption treatment to extend the treatment path and reaction time of the waste gas. However, this approach cannot be adjusted according to the concentration of the waste gas during actual treatment, which can easily lead to resource waste when the concentration of the waste gas is low. For example, in some organosilicon reprocessing processes, not only acetic anhydride waste gas is generated, but also other low-concentration volatile organic compounds are produced. If multiple towers are still used to operate at full load, it will result in unnecessary consumption of consumables such as alkali and activated carbon.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative designs based on existing acetic anhydride waste gas treatment and purification devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different solution. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide a purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas during organosilicon synthesis, thereby solving the problem mentioned in the background that existing purification devices cannot flexibly adjust the treatment intensity according to the concentration of acetic anhydride in the waste gas, resulting in unnecessary consumption of consumables such as alkali solution and activated carbon.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis, comprising a treatment tank, wherein the inner cavity of the treatment tank is provided with a primary purification chamber, a secondary purification chamber, a tertiary purification chamber and an activated carbon filter chamber from bottom to top, a lower perforated partition is provided between the primary purification chamber and the secondary purification chamber, a middle perforated partition is provided between the secondary purification chamber and the tertiary purification chamber, and an upper perforated partition is provided between the tertiary purification chamber and the activated carbon filter chamber; An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank. A main pipe is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank. The main pipe passes through the upper, middle and lower perforated partitions from top to bottom and is connected to the air inlet pipe. A temperature sensor is installed on the side curved surface of the treatment tank.

[0006] Preferably, an annular inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper perforated partition, and several nozzles are provided at the bottom of the annular inlet pipe that penetrate to the lower surface of the upper perforated partition. A flexible hose is inserted into one side of the annular inlet pipe. An alkali tank is fixedly connected to the outside of the treatment tank, and a pump is installed above the alkali tank. One end of the flexible hose penetrates to the outside of the treatment tank and is fixedly connected to the discharge port of the pump.

[0007] Preferably, the inner cavities of the secondary and tertiary purification chambers are filled with several multifaceted hollow spheres, the interior of the activated carbon filter chamber is filled with several activated carbon packets, and an air pump and a hydraulic rod are installed on the top of the treatment tank.

[0008] Preferably, a gas delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air intake pipe, a first air intake groove is provided on the upper half of the curved surface of the air intake pipe, a plurality of circular through holes are provided on the lower half of the curved surface of the air intake pipe, a sealing partition is provided in the middle of the air intake pipe, and a double-layer sleeve is rotatably connected to the outside of the air intake pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the double-layer sleeve includes an inner sleeve rotatably connected to the air inlet pipe, an outer sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank, a number of straight through grooves are provided on the side curved surface of the inner sleeve, and a number of inclined grooves are provided on the side curved surface of the outer sleeve corresponding to the positions of the straight through grooves, and the width of the inclined grooves gradually narrows from top to bottom.

[0010] Preferably, the middle layer perforated partition is composed of a fixed partition and a movable partition. The fixed partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank, and the movable partition is slidably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank. The fixed partition is used to support the multi-faceted hollow sphere inside the three-stage purification chamber, and the lower layer perforated partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank.

[0011] Preferably, the side curved surface of the main pipe is provided with a first spiral groove, a second spiral groove and a second air inlet groove from top to bottom. The inner wall of the first spiral groove is slidably connected to a first lever, and the inner wall of the second spiral groove is slidably connected to a second lever. One end of the first lever is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the upper hollow partition, and one end of the second lever is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the movable partition. The main pipe is designed as a hollow structure, and a solid partition is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the main pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the helix angle of the first spiral groove is greater than that of the second spiral groove, a lever is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the main pipe, two vertical rods are fixedly connected to the top of the inner sleeve, and two stop rods are fixedly connected to the top of the outer sleeve.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention employs an integrated, layered design, with a primary purification chamber, a secondary purification chamber, a tertiary purification chamber, and an activated carbon filter chamber arranged sequentially from bottom to top within a single treatment tank. Spatial separation is achieved through lower, middle, and upper perforated partitions, optimizing the overall layout and making the waste gas treatment process more compact and efficient. An annular inlet pipe, in conjunction with a spray nozzle, sprays alkaline solution into the tertiary purification chamber from top to bottom. The alkaline solution flows sequentially through the tertiary and secondary chambers and finally falls into the primary purification chamber, forming a high-to-low concentration gradient distribution. This tiered utilization mode of alkaline solution ensures efficient neutralization of high-concentration acetic anhydride while avoiding reagent waste, thus improving resource utilization and purification efficiency.

[0014] This invention introduces a spatial adjustment structure to address changes in exhaust gas concentration. Under low-concentration conditions, the large gaps in the multifaceted hollow spheres allow gas to pass through quickly. When the exhaust gas concentration increases or the reaction temperature rises, the upper hollow partition is hydraulically driven to move downwards. Through the action of the first lever and the large-angle first spiral groove, the main pipe is rotated 180°. Simultaneously, the second lever is pushed to move axially in the small-angle second spiral groove, thereby causing the movable partition to move downwards synchronously. This achieves greater compression of the multifaceted hollow spheres in the three-stage purification chamber, reducing porosity and extending the airflow residence time. Meanwhile, the compression amplitude in the second-stage chamber is smaller, maintaining reasonable ventilation resistance. This constructs a gradient and differentiated spatial control mechanism to precisely match peak load treatment requirements.

[0015] This invention designs the main pipeline as a hollow structure and sets a second air inlet groove on its side wall. Combined with the first air inlet groove on the air inlet pipe, it realizes the on / off control of the gas passage. Under low concentration conditions, the main pipeline does not rotate, the two grooves overlap, and some of the primary purified waste gas can directly enter the main pipeline and be guided upward into the tertiary purification chamber, bypassing the secondary purification chamber, reducing unnecessary alkali consumption and improving the processing speed. However, under high concentration or high temperature conditions, the main pipeline is rotated 180° in a controlled manner, causing the grooves to be misaligned and closed, forcing all waste gas to pass through all purification chambers step by step to ensure sufficient reaction and deep purification. This invention achieves the regulation of exhaust gas intake through the relative rotation of the straight channel on the inner sleeve and the inclined channel on the outer sleeve. This regulation process does not operate independently, but forms a triple synergistic linkage with the aforementioned path switching and space compression mechanisms. When the exhaust gas concentration is high, it drives the inner sleeve to rotate so that the narrow end of the straight channel and the inclined channel coincide, automatically reducing the intake cross-sectional area and lowering the intake height. At the same time, it reduces the flow rate and extends the reaction time. Conversely, it synchronously restores the wide surface to coincide, increasing the flow rate. This achieves a dynamic balance between flow rate, path, and space, further optimizing the energy consumption and efficiency of the entire purification system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cavity of the processing tank according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the multifaceted hollow sphere after compression according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the main pipe and the air intake pipe of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main pipe and intake pipe of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the air intake pipe and the double-layer sleeve of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the double-layer sleeve of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Processing tank; 2. Primary purification chamber; 3. Secondary purification chamber; 4. Tertiary purification chamber; 5. Activated carbon filter chamber; 6. Lower perforated partition; 7. Main pipe; 8. Upper perforated partition; 9. Air inlet pipe; 10. Annular liquid inlet pipe; 11. Flexible hose; 12. Liquid pump; 13. Multi-faceted hollow sphere; 14. First air inlet channel; 15. Inner sleeve; 16. Outer sleeve; 17. Straight channel; 18. Inclined channel; 19. First spiral channel; 20. Second spiral channel; 21. Second air inlet channel; 22. First lever; 23. Second lever; 24. Temperature sensor; 25. Lever; 26. Vertical rod; 27. Fixed partition; 28. Movable partition; 29. ​​Stop bar; 30. Air pump; 31. Hydraulic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a purification treatment device for acetic anhydride waste gas in organosilicon synthesis, comprising a treatment tank 1, wherein the inner cavity of the treatment tank 1 is provided with a primary purification chamber 2, a secondary purification chamber 3, a tertiary purification chamber 4 and an activated carbon filter chamber 5 from bottom to top, a lower perforated partition 6 is provided between the primary purification chamber 2 and the secondary purification chamber 3, a middle perforated partition is provided between the secondary purification chamber 3 and the tertiary purification chamber 4, and an upper perforated partition 8 is provided between the tertiary purification chamber 4 and the activated carbon filter chamber 5; An air inlet pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. A main pipe 7 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. The main pipe 7 passes through the upper hollow partition 8, the middle hollow partition and the lower hollow partition 6 from top to bottom, and is sleeved with the air inlet pipe 9. A temperature sensor 24 is installed on the side curved surface of the treatment tank 1. In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an annular inlet pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper perforated partition 8. Several nozzles are provided at the bottom of the annular inlet pipe 10, which penetrate to the lower surface of the upper perforated partition 8. A flexible hose 11 is inserted into one side of the annular inlet pipe 10. An alkaline liquid tank is fixedly connected to the outside of the treatment tank 1. A liquid pump 12 is installed above the alkaline liquid tank. One end of the flexible hose 11 penetrates to the outside of the treatment tank 1 and is fixedly connected to the discharge port of the liquid pump 12. In this embodiment, as Figures 2 to 4As shown, the inner cavities of the secondary purification chamber 3 and the tertiary purification chamber 4 are filled with several multi-faceted hollow spheres 13, the interior of the activated carbon filter chamber 5 is filled with several activated carbon packs, and the top of the treatment tank 1 is equipped with an air pump 30 and a hydraulic rod 31. It should be noted that the multi-stage purification chambers are integrated into one treatment tank 1, and the whole adopts a layered design. The inner cavity of the treatment tank 1 is divided from bottom to top into a primary purification chamber 2, a secondary purification chamber 3, a tertiary purification chamber 4, and an activated carbon filter chamber 5 through a lower hollow partition 6, a middle hollow partition, and an upper hollow partition 8. This integrated layered structure not only greatly reduces the footprint of the equipment and optimizes the spatial layout, but also makes the waste gas treatment process more compact and efficient. The connection between each purification unit is close, which effectively shortens the transport path of waste gas inside the treatment device. The primary purification chamber 2 is located at the bottom. A suitable amount of low-concentration alkaline solution is placed inside the primary purification chamber 2 to purify the gas entering through the nine inlet pipes. This prevents high-concentration acetic anhydride waste gas from directly entering subsequent purification chambers and impacting the multifaceted hollow spheres 13. Simultaneously, it can pre-neutralize some acidic substances. The secondary purification chamber 3 and tertiary purification chamber 4 serve as the core purification areas. The multifaceted hollow spheres 13 filled inside have a large specific surface area. A ring-shaped liquid inlet pipe 10 is laid on the upper surface of the upper perforated partition 8. Several nozzles are located at the bottom of the ring-shaped liquid inlet pipe 10, extending to the lower surface of the upper perforated partition 8. The perforated partition 6, the middle perforated partition and the upper perforated partition 8 are all provided with perforated grooves. The nozzle is embedded in the perforated groove of the upper perforated partition 8. A hose 11 is inserted into one side of the annular liquid inlet pipe 10. An alkali liquid tank is fixedly connected to the outside of the treatment tank 1. A liquid pump 12 is installed above the alkali liquid tank. One end of the hose 11 extends to the outside of the treatment tank 1 and is fixedly connected to the discharge port of the liquid pump 12. A hard protective shell can be added to the outside of the hose 11 to resist the pressure of the activated carbon bag. The liquid pump 12 can pump the alkali liquid in the alkali liquid tank into the annular liquid inlet pipe 10 through the hose 11, and then spray it evenly into the three-stage purification chamber 4 through the nozzle. The inner cavities of the secondary purification chamber 3 and the tertiary purification chamber 4 are filled with several multifaceted hollow spheres 13. These multifaceted hollow spheres 13 have a large specific surface area. When the alkaline solution is sprayed down from above, a liquid film will form on the surface of the multifaceted hollow spheres 13, which greatly increases the contact area and contact time between the exhaust gas and the alkaline solution, thereby improving the neutralization reaction efficiency of acetic anhydride and alkaline solution. In addition, the pores on the multifaceted hollow spheres 13 allow the airflow to pass through the pipe and guide the airflow to form a more complex flow path in the secondary purification chamber 3 and the tertiary purification chamber 4, further increasing the residence time of the airflow and allowing it to react fully with the alkaline solution. Furthermore, the annular inlet pipe 10 is installed on the upper perforated partition 8 to spray from top to bottom, forming an annular spray area. The nozzles are atomizing nozzles, and the alkaline solution is atomized by the nozzles and evenly covers all the purification chambers. As the alkaline solution is sprayed from top to bottom, it gradually alternates with the exhaust gas, further removing the trace amounts of volatile organic compounds and possibly unreacted acetic anhydride in the exhaust gas, thereby achieving deep purification. This setup forms a gradient contact mode with gradually decreasing concentration. The alkaline solution concentration is the highest in the tertiary purification chamber 4, and the alkaline solution concentration is relatively low in the secondary purification chamber 3. Finally, the remaining low-concentration alkaline solution gradually falls into the primary purification chamber 2, realizing the tiered utilization of alkaline solution. This ensures efficient neutralization of high-concentration acetic anhydride exhaust gas while avoiding waste of alkaline solution. The activated carbon filter chamber 5 is located at the top layer. The activated carbon packs inside are used to adsorb the trace amounts of volatile organic compounds and reaction by-products remaining in the waste gas, ensuring that the final emitted gas meets environmental protection standards. The air pump 30 is installed at the top of the treatment tank 1. Through its suction function, the air pump 30 can create a negative pressure environment inside the treatment tank 1, providing stable power for the entire waste gas treatment process and guiding the waste gas from the air inlet pipe 9 into the treatment tank 1 for purification treatment. In addition, a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the treatment tank 1 and sealed by a sealing cover. When the purification operation is completed or the alkali solution is consumed, flushing water can be injected into the alkali solution tank so that the flushing water flows through each purification chamber in sequence to flush the multi-faceted hollow sphere 13 and each partition to prevent residual reactants from clogging the pores and affecting the subsequent treatment effect. Finally, the sealing cover is opened and the liquid is discharged through the drain pipe of the treatment tank 1 at the bottom of the treatment tank 1. A gas delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intake pipe 9. A first intake groove 14 is opened on the upper half of the side curved surface of the intake pipe 9. Several circular through holes are opened on the lower half of the side curved surface of the intake pipe 9. A sealing baffle is provided in the middle of the intake pipe 9. A double-layer sleeve is rotatably connected to the outside of the intake pipe 9. The double-layer sleeve includes an inner sleeve 15 that is rotatably connected to the air inlet pipe 9. An outer sleeve 16 is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve 15. The outer sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. Several straight through grooves 17 are provided on the side curved surface of the inner sleeve 15. Several inclined grooves 18 are provided on the side curved surface of the outer sleeve 16 at the positions corresponding to the straight through grooves 17. The width of the inclined grooves 18 gradually narrows from top to bottom. It should be noted that the inlet pipe 9 serves as the primary channel for waste gas to enter the treatment tank 1. Its bottom is fixedly connected to the gas conveying pipeline, and one end of the gas conveying pipeline is connected to the waste gas discharge port of the organosilicon production equipment, continuously conveying the waste gas containing acetic anhydride into the treatment tank 1. The middle part of the intake pipe 9 is provided with a sealing partition, which divides its inner cavity into upper and lower sections. The upper half of the side curved surface has a first intake groove 14, and the lower half of the side curved surface has several circular through holes. The intake pipe 9 is rotatably connected to a double-layer sleeve. The gas first enters the intake pipe 9 and is diverted to the double-layer sleeve through the circular through holes in the lower half of the intake pipe 9. The double-layer sleeve adopts a double-layer nested structure of inner sleeve 15 and outer sleeve 16. The inner sleeve 15 is rotatably connected to the air inlet pipe 9, while the outer sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. Several straight through grooves 17 are opened on the side curved surface of the inner sleeve 15, and several inclined grooves 18 are opened on the side curved surface of the outer sleeve 16 corresponding to the positions of the straight through grooves 17. The width of the inclined grooves 18 gradually narrows from top to bottom. When the inner sleeve 15 rotates relative to the outer sleeve 16, the overlapping area of ​​the straight through grooves 17 and the inclined grooves 18 will change, thereby realizing precise adjustment of the flow rate of the waste gas entering the primary purification chamber 2. Specifically, according to the angle of the inner sleeve 15 adjusted according to the acetic anhydride waste gas, when the waste gas concentration is low, when the inner sleeve 15 rotates to the point where the wide end of the straight channel 17 and the inclined channel 18 overlap, the cross-sectional area of ​​the waste gas flow increases, the amount of waste gas entering the primary purification chamber 2 per unit time increases, the gas flow rate is fast, and the exhaust port is relatively high, which can quickly pass through the low-concentration alkaline solution in the primary purification chamber 2 and be discharged upwards, reducing the consumption of alkaline solution by other volatile organic compounds. Similarly, when the concentration of acetic anhydride in the exhaust gas is high, the inner sleeve 15 rotates until the narrow end of the straight channel 17 and the inclined channel 18 overlap. At this time, the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust gas flow is reduced, the amount of exhaust gas entering the primary purification chamber 2 per unit time is reduced, the gas flow rate is slowed down, and the gas port is lower, which prolongs the residence time of the exhaust gas in the low-concentration alkaline solution in the primary purification chamber 2, so that it can more fully react with the alkaline solution to remove some of the high-concentration acetic anhydride in advance and avoid excessive load on the subsequent purification chamber. In this embodiment, as Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the middle hollow partition is composed of a fixed partition 27 and a movable partition 28. The fixed partition 27 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank 1, and the movable partition 28 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. The fixed partition 27 is used to support the multi-faceted hollow sphere 13 in the inner cavity of the three-stage purification chamber 4. The lower hollow partition 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank 1. The main pipe 7 has a first spiral groove 19, a second spiral groove 20 and a second air inlet groove 21 arranged sequentially from top to bottom on its side curved surface. The inner wall of the first spiral groove 19 is slidably connected to a first lever 22, and the inner wall of the second spiral groove 20 is slidably connected to a second lever 23. One end of the first lever 22 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the upper hollow partition 8, and one end of the second lever 23 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the movable partition 28. The main pipe 7 is a hollow structure, and a solid partition is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the main pipe 7. The helix angle of the first spiral groove 19 is greater than that of the second spiral groove 20. A lever 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the main pipe 7. Two vertical rods 26 are fixedly connected to the top of the inner sleeve 15. Two stop rods 29 are fixedly connected to the top of the outer sleeve 16. It should be noted that the middle layer of hollow partition adopts a combination structure of fixed partition 27 and movable partition 28. The fixed partition 27 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank 1 and mainly supports the multi-faceted hollow sphere 13 in the three-stage purification chamber 4 to ensure its stable filling. The movable partition 28 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank 1 and can move up and down. The main pipe 7 runs through each layer of hollow partition. Its side curved surface is provided with a first spiral groove 19, a second spiral groove 20 and a second air inlet groove 21 from top to bottom. The first spiral groove 19 is slidably connected to a first lever 22, one end of which is fixed to the middle of the inner wall of the upper hollow partition 8. The second spiral groove 20 is slidably connected to a second lever 23, one end of which is fixed to the middle of the inner wall of the movable partition 28. When the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 31 drives the upper hollow partition 8 to move down one step, the first lever 22 slides along the first spiral groove 19, driving the main pipe 7 to rotate 180°, which in turn drives the upper hollow partition 8 and the movable partition 28 to move down. The multi-faceted hollow spheres 13 are compressed, and the spheres fit tightly together, reducing the porosity. This can effectively slow down the flow speed of the exhaust gas in the purification chamber, prolong the contact reaction time, and perfectly match the treatment requirements of peak conditions. Furthermore, since the helix angle of the first spiral groove 19 is greater than that of the second spiral groove 20, when the main pipe 7 rotates 180°, the axial displacement of the second lever 23 in the second spiral groove 20 is less than the displacement of the first lever 22 in the first spiral groove 19. Consequently, the downward movement distance of the movable partition 28 is less than the downward movement distance of the upper hollow partition 8. This results in different compression amplitudes of the multifaceted hollow spheres 13 in the tertiary purification chamber 4 and the secondary purification chamber 3. The tertiary purification chamber 4, as the core area for deep treatment of waste gas, has a larger compression amplitude and smaller porosity for its multifaceted hollow spheres 13, which can provide a longer reaction path and contact time for high-concentration residual waste gas. The compression amplitude of the secondary purification chamber 3 is relatively smaller, which avoids excessive compression and excessive airflow resistance while ensuring treatment efficiency. This forms a gradient spatial adjustment mechanism, further improving the purification effect. In this embodiment, the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 31 extends into the interior of the treatment tank 1 and is fixedly installed with the upper perforated partition plate 8. A temperature sensor 24 is installed on the side curved surface of the treatment tank 1, with its probe extending into the interior of the treatment tank 1. The display is set in a convenient position outside the treatment tank 1, which can monitor the temperature changes inside the treatment tank 1 in real time. When the acetic anhydride in the waste gas is high, its neutralization reaction with the alkali solution will be correspondingly strengthened, and the heat released by the reaction will increase, causing the temperature inside the treatment tank 1 to rise. When the temperature sensor 24 detects that the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the system can automatically trigger the corresponding adjustment mechanism to control the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 31 to move downward. This control technology belongs to the prior art and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0027] In this embodiment, when the concentration of exhaust gas varies at different temperatures, it will not cause displacement changes between the upper perforated partition 8 and the movable partition 28, but will also change the gas flow channel. Specifically, when the exhaust gas concentration is low, the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 31 does not work, the main pipe 7 does not rotate, and the second through groove below the main pipe 7 coincides with the first through groove of the air inlet pipe 9. At this time, the gas passage in the main pipe 7 is open. After the gas enters the primary purification chamber 2 for purification, some of the gas will directly enter the main pipe 7 from the second air inlet groove 21, flow upward, and be discharged from the second spiral groove 20. Then it rises to the tertiary purification chamber 4 for direct purification, reducing the processing pressure of the secondary purification chamber 3, reducing unnecessary consumption of alkaline solution, and realizing a rapid purification process. When the exhaust gas concentration is high or the temperature sensor 24 detects that the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 31 drives the upper hollow partition 8 to move down. Through the cooperation of the first paddle block 22 and the first spiral groove 19, the main pipe 7 rotates 180°. As the main pipe 7 rotates, the second air inlet groove 21 below it and the first air inlet groove 14 on the air inlet pipe 9 begin to be misaligned. At this time, the gas passage inside the main pipe 7 is completely closed, and the exhaust gas will enter the primary purification chamber 2 through the double-layer sleeve. Then, it will enter the secondary purification chamber 3 through the hollow groove of the lower hollow partition 6, and then enter the tertiary purification chamber 4 through the hollow groove of the middle hollow partition. Finally, after being purified by the activated carbon filter chamber 5, it will be extracted and discharged by the air pump 30. This design ensures that under high concentration conditions, the exhaust gas must pass through all purification chambers in sequence to ensure that each stage of purification can play its full role and avoid incomplete purification. The rotation of the main pipe 7 not only adjusts the compression degree of the multi-faceted hollow sphere 13, but also simultaneously switches the gas flow channel, enabling the equipment to automatically adjust the purification path and treatment intensity according to changes in exhaust gas concentration and reaction temperature, greatly improving the flexibility and adaptability of the device operation. In addition, a lever 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the main pipe 7, two vertical rods 26 are fixedly connected to the top of the inner sleeve 15, and two stop rods 29 are fixedly connected to the top of the outer sleeve 16. During the rotation of the main pipe 7, the angle of the inner sleeve 15 is also adjusted synchronously. When the main pipe 7 rotates 180°, the lever 25 at its bottom rotates along with it. During the rotation, it will slowly come into contact with one of the vertical rods 26 at the top of the inner sleeve 15 and push the vertical rod 26 to rotate 15°, thereby causing the inner sleeve 15 to rotate 15° relative to the outer sleeve 16. The stop rod 29 at the top of the outer sleeve 16 is used to limit the vertical rods. On the other side of rod 26, a double-sided limit is formed. At this time, the inner sleeve 15 can be accurately rotated to a position that matches the treatment of high-concentration waste gas, so that the straight groove 17 of the inner sleeve 15 coincides with the narrow end of the inclined groove 18 of the outer sleeve 16. Thus, while the main pipe 7 switches the gas flow channel and compresses the multi-faceted hollow ball 13, the flow rate of waste gas entering the primary purification chamber 2 is reduced simultaneously, and the residence time of waste gas in the low-concentration alkaline solution in the primary purification chamber 2 is extended. This forms a triple synergistic regulation mechanism of flow regulation, path switching and space compression, further ensuring that the high-concentration acetic anhydride waste gas can be fully and efficiently purified. Similarly, when the exhaust gas concentration decreases or the temperature sensor 24 detects that the temperature has fallen below the preset threshold, the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 31 drives the upper hollow partition 8 to move upward. The multi-faceted hollow sphere 13 is made of elastic material and will naturally return to its initial fluffy state after losing the compressive force, increasing the porosity and reducing airflow resistance. At this time, the main pipe 7 is driven to rotate 180° in the opposite direction to reset through the cooperation of the first lever 22 and the first spiral groove 19. During this process, the lever 25 at the bottom of the main pipe 7 also rotates in the opposite direction, contacts the other vertical rod 26 at the top of the inner sleeve 15 and pushes it to rotate 15° in the opposite direction, so that the straight groove 17 of the inner sleeve 15 coincides with the wide end of the inclined groove 18 of the outer sleeve 16, increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust gas flow and accelerating the flow of exhaust gas into the primary purification chamber 2. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the main pipe 7 causes the second air inlet groove 21 below it to re-coincide with the first air inlet groove 14 on the air inlet pipe 9, and the gas passage inside the main pipe 7 is opened again. Some of the exhaust gas that has been purified by the primary method can directly enter the tertiary purification chamber 4 through the main pipe 7, reducing the processing load of the secondary purification chamber 3. This linkage adjustment ensures that when the exhaust gas concentration and temperature decrease, the device can quickly switch back to the high-efficiency and energy-saving operation mode, realize the dynamic balance of flow, path and space, and further optimize the energy consumption and efficiency of the entire purification system.

[0028] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis, comprising a treatment tank (1), characterized in that: The inner cavity of the treatment tank (1) is provided with a primary purification chamber (2), a secondary purification chamber (3), a tertiary purification chamber (4) and an activated carbon filter chamber (5) from bottom to top. A lower perforated partition (6) is provided between the primary purification chamber (2) and the secondary purification chamber (3), a middle perforated partition is provided between the secondary purification chamber (3) and the tertiary purification chamber (4), and an upper perforated partition (8) is provided between the tertiary purification chamber (4) and the activated carbon filter chamber (5). An air inlet pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank (1). A main pipe (7) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank (1). The main pipe (7) passes through the upper hollow partition (8), the middle hollow partition and the lower hollow partition (6) from top to bottom, and is sleeved with the air inlet pipe (9). A temperature sensor (24) is installed on the side curved surface of the treatment tank (1).

2. The purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular inlet pipe (10) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper perforated partition (8). Several nozzles are provided at the bottom of the annular inlet pipe (10) that penetrate to the lower surface of the upper perforated partition (8). A flexible hose (11) is inserted into one side of the annular inlet pipe (10). An alkaline liquid tank is fixedly connected to the outside of the treatment tank (1). A liquid pump (12) is installed above the alkaline liquid tank. One end of the flexible hose (11) penetrates to the outside of the treatment tank (1) and is fixedly connected to the discharge port of the liquid pump (12).

3. The purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavities of the secondary purification chamber (3) and the tertiary purification chamber (4) are filled with several multi-faceted hollow spheres (13), the interior of the activated carbon filter chamber (5) is filled with several activated carbon packs, and the top of the treatment tank (1) is equipped with an air pump (30) and a hydraulic rod (31).

4. The purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the air intake pipe (9) is fixedly connected to a gas delivery pipe. The upper half of the side curved surface of the air intake pipe (9) is provided with a first air intake groove (14). The lower half of the side curved surface of the air intake pipe (9) is provided with several circular through holes. The middle part of the air intake pipe (9) is provided with a sealing partition. The outside of the air intake pipe (9) is rotatably connected with a double-layer sleeve.

5. The purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The double-layer sleeve includes an inner sleeve (15) rotatably connected to the air inlet pipe (9), an outer sleeve (16) is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve (15), the outer sleeve (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank (1), a number of straight through grooves (17) are opened on the side curved surface of the inner sleeve (15), and a number of inclined grooves (18) are provided on the side curved surface of the outer sleeve (16) corresponding to the position of the straight through grooves (17), and the width of the inclined grooves (18) gradually narrows from top to bottom.

6. The purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle layer hollow partition is composed of a fixed partition (27) and a movable partition (28). The fixed partition (27) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank (1), and the movable partition (28) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank (1). The fixed partition (27) is used to support the multi-faceted hollow sphere (13) inside the three-stage purification chamber (4). The lower layer hollow partition (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment tank (1).

7. The purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main pipe (7) has a first spiral groove (19), a second spiral groove (20) and a second air inlet groove (21) arranged sequentially from top to bottom on its side curved surface. The inner wall of the first spiral groove (19) is slidably connected to a first lever (22), and the inner wall of the second spiral groove (20) is slidably connected to a second lever (23). One end of the first lever (22) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the upper hollow partition (8), and one end of the second lever (23) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the movable partition (28). The main pipe (7) is designed as a hollow structure, and a solid partition is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the main pipe (7).

8. The purification and treatment device for acetic anhydride-containing waste gas in organosilicon synthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The helix angle of the first spiral groove (19) is greater than that of the second spiral groove (20). A lever (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the main pipe (7). Two vertical rods (26) are fixedly connected to the top of the inner sleeve (15). Two stop rods (29) are fixedly connected to the top of the outer sleeve (16).

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