Mine water treatment arrangement structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a mine water treatment arrangement structure, and relates to the field of mine water treatment.The mine water treatment arrangement structure comprises a mixing area, a re-flocculation area, a sludge storage area and a horizontal flow sedimentation area which are sequentially communicated, the horizontal flow sedimentation area is connected with a water outlet area, and a sludge scraping device is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal flow sedimentation area; a water outlet of the advection settling zone is provided with an effluent liquid level adjusting device, the mixing zone is provided with a raw mine water inlet and a flocculated slime water inlet, and a re-flocculation zone water inlet control gate is arranged between the mixing zone and the re-flocculation zone; flocculated slime water discharged by the coagulating sedimentation or clarification unit at the rear section of mine water purification treatment flows back to the inlet of the mine water pretreatment unit, and re-flocculation of raw mine water is realized by utilizing the characteristics of the flocculated slime water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine water treatment, and more specifically to a mine water treatment layout structure. Background Technology

[0002] Mine water purification typically requires pre-settling and regulating units for water volume adjustment and pre-settling. The pre-settling effect directly impacts the treatment efficiency and operating costs of subsequent mine water coagulation sedimentation or clarification units. Currently, domestic mine water treatment pre-settling and regulating units generally suffer from the following problems in actual operation: Due to the light density of coal powder and rock powder in mine water, natural sedimentation is slow, resulting in very limited actual pre-settling effects of domestic mine water pre-settling and regulating units. This leads to higher water quality impacts and operating costs for subsequent mine water coagulation sedimentation or clarification units. When discharging sludge from the pre-settling and regulating unit, the simultaneous inflow of mine water results in lower sludge concentrations, exacerbating the treatment load on subsequent coal slurry water. To achieve the function of regulating mine water volume, the effluent from the pre-settling and regulating unit is mostly discharged from the top and discharged from the bottom, further deteriorating the pre-settling effect. On the other hand, a large amount of low-concentration flocculated coal slurry water is generated during subsequent coagulation sedimentation or clarification treatment of mine water. This part of flocculated coal slurry water accounts for more than 70% of the coal slurry water in the entire mine water purification process, but the solid content of the coal slurry water is only 0.5% to 2%, which brings a large impact load to the subsequent coal slurry water treatment system and increases the land area and construction investment of the coal slurry water treatment system.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent publication number CN121135060A discloses a method for treating and resource utilization of high iron-containing acidic mine water based on immobilized biological oxidation and stepwise sedimentation, which includes the following steps: S1: bacterial immobilization stage; S2: immobilized biological oxidation stage; S3: stepwise sedimentation stage. This technology has poor treatment effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of poor treatment effect in existing technologies. This invention recirculates the flocculated coal slurry water discharged from the coagulation sedimentation or clarification unit to the mine water pretreatment unit. By utilizing the characteristics of flocculated coal slurry water, the raw mine water is re-flocculated, thereby enhancing the pre-settling effect of the mine water pretreatment unit. By setting up an outlet water level adjustment device, a top water discharge mode with better pre-settling effect is achieved. By using a static intermittent sludge discharge device, the sludge discharge of the pretreatment unit is not disturbed by the inlet water flow, which increases the discharge concentration of low-flow coal slurry water, reduces the operating load of subsequent coal slurry water treatment units, and reduces the footprint and construction investment of the coal slurry water treatment system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mine water treatment layout structure, comprising a mixing zone, a reflocculation zone, a sludge storage zone, and a horizontal sedimentation zone connected in sequence. The horizontal sedimentation zone is connected to an outlet zone. A sludge scraping device is provided at the bottom of the horizontal sedimentation zone. An outlet water level regulating device is provided at the outlet of the horizontal sedimentation zone. The mixing zone is provided with a mine water raw water inlet and a flocculated coal slurry water inlet. A reflocculation zone inlet control gate is provided between the mixing zone and the reflocculation zone.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the mixing zone is a mine water inlet and a flocculated coal slurry water inlet, and the mixing zone is equipped with a water-retaining partition wall and a first hole, through which the water flows upward and mixes.

[0007] Preferably, the reflocculation zone consists of two groups, upper and lower, with multiple cells in each group. Each cell has a fourth hole arranged in an alternating pattern, and the second hole at the bottom of the reflocculation zone is connected to the water distribution zone.

[0008] Preferably, the number of cells in the reflocculation zone is 4 to 10, the hydraulic residence time in the reflocculation zone is 4 to 15 minutes, and the initial flow velocity of the fourth hole is 0.30 to 0.40 meters per second and the terminal flow velocity is 0.10 to 0.15 meters per second.

[0009] Preferably, the lower part of the reflocculation zone is a water distribution zone, and the bottom plate of the water distribution zone is provided with a plurality of third holes, which are equally distributed along the water flow direction and have a diameter of 50 to 200 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the sludge storage area is equipped with a static intermittent sludge discharge device, the sludge storage area is a truncated quadrangular shape, the slope of the side wall of the sludge storage area to the bottom of the pool is greater than 45 degrees, and the number of sludge storage areas is 1 to 4.

[0011] Preferably, the advection sedimentation zone is set up against the water flow direction with a slope of 0.01 to 0.02, and the sludge scraping device is a heavy-duty sludge scraper or a slag scraper.

[0012] Preferably, the static intermittent sludge discharge device includes a sludge level gauge and a self-stirring submersible slurry pump. The sludge level gauge is installed in the sludge storage area, and the self-stirring submersible slurry pump is installed at the bottom of the sludge storage area with a stirring range covering the bottom of the sludge storage area. The static intermittent sludge discharge device is equipped with an interlocking control program. When the sludge level gauge reaches the set value, the water inlet control gate of the reflocculation zone is closed and the self-stirring submersible slurry pump is turned on.

[0013] Preferably, the outlet water level regulating device includes a skimmer and a bottom outlet gate. The outlet water level regulating device is equipped with a level gauge and an interlocking control program. The level gauge is located in the outlet water area. When the water level in the outlet water area is lower than the set value, the skimmer is controlled to descend or the bottom outlet gate is opened.

[0014] Preferably, the effluent zone collects the effluent from two sets of horizontal sedimentation zones, and the inlet control gate and skimmer of the reflocculation zone and the bottom effluent gate are pneumatically or electrically driven.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that by returning the flocculated coal slurry water discharged from the coagulation sedimentation or clarification unit after the mine water purification treatment to the inlet of the mine water pretreatment unit, the characteristics of the flocculated coal slurry water are utilized to achieve the re-flocculation of the raw mine water.

[0016] After re-flocculation, the mine water pretreatment unit enhances the pre-sedimentation effect, improves the quality of the mine water and the effluent from the treatment unit, and reduces the operating load and operating cost of subsequent coagulation sedimentation or clarification units.

[0017] While ensuring the regulation and storage function, the advection sedimentation zone maintains top water discharge through the effluent level control device, further enhancing the advection sedimentation effect and increasing the low-flow concentration of coal slurry water. Through static sludge discharge measures, the sludge discharge of the pretreatment unit is not disturbed by the influent water flow, which increases the discharge concentration of low-flow coal slurry water, reduces the operating load of subsequent coal slurry water treatment units, and reduces the footprint and construction investment of the coal slurry water treatment system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The structural plan view of this invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the mixing zone, reflocculation zone, and water distribution zone of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Water-retaining partition wall; 2. First opening; 3. Inlet control gate; 4. Water-retaining partition wall; 5. Fourth opening; 6. Second opening; 7. Third opening; 8. Skimmer; 9. Bottom outlet control gate; 10. Level gauge; 11. Sludge level gauge; 12. Self-stirring submersible slurry pump; I. Mixing zone; II. Re-flocculation zone; III. Water distribution zone; IV. Sludge storage zone; V. Horizontal sedimentation zone; VI. Sludge scraping device; VII. Static intermittent sludge discharge device; VIII. Outlet water level regulating device; IX. Outlet water zone. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1 to 3A mine water treatment layout structure includes a mixing zone I, a reflocculation zone II, a sludge storage zone IV, and a horizontal sedimentation zone V, which are connected in series along the treatment process. The end of the horizontal sedimentation zone V is connected to an effluent zone IX for collecting and discharging clarified water. A sludge scraping device VI is installed at the bottom of the horizontal sedimentation zone V to scrape the settled sludge towards the inlet or sludge collection hopper. An effluent level regulating device VIII is installed at the outlet of the horizontal sedimentation zone V to dynamically regulate the water level in the sedimentation zone, optimize sedimentation conditions, and ensure stable effluent flow. The mixing zone I is equipped with a mine water raw water inlet and a flocculated coal slurry water inlet, enabling the initial convergence and reaction of the two water flows. A reflocculation zone inlet control gate 3 is installed on the connecting channel between the mixing zone I and the reflocculation zone II to control the water flow into subsequent treatment units and to cut off the water flow under special conditions such as sludge discharge.

[0024] The top sidewall or top of the mixing zone I has a mine water inlet and a flocculated coal slurry inlet, respectively. A water-retaining partition wall 1 is installed inside the mixing zone I, dividing it into at least two continuous compartments. A first hole 2 is provided at the bottom or a specific height of the water-retaining partition wall 1. Water flows upwards or downwards through the first hole 2 within the mixing zone, generating local turbulence and promoting thorough and rapid mixing and initial reaction between the added coagulant / flocculator and the mine water and the returned flocculated coal slurry.

[0025] The reflocculation zone II is arranged in a three-dimensional superimposed manner, divided into upper and lower groups to save floor space. Each group of reflocculation zones II is internally divided into multiple independent cells by vertical flow guide baffles. Each cell's flow guide baffle has a fourth hole 5, and the fourth holes 5 of adjacent cells are staggered, such as upper hole on lower plate and lower hole on upper plate, forcing the water flow to zigzag between the upper and lower cells. This design greatly extends the water flow path, increases the flocculation reaction time, and creates a favorable velocity gradient G value, promoting the collision and growth of micro-flocculation particles into dense flocs. The bottom of the reflocculation zone II, after being collected from the lower group or through a dedicated channel, connects to the water distribution zone III below through a second hole 6, allowing the flocculated water to be uniformly and stably introduced into the front section of the sedimentation zone.

[0026] The number of cells in each group of the reflocculation zone II is preferably 4 to 10. This range ensures sufficient reaction stages and time while avoiding unnecessary resistance losses and construction costs. The total hydraulic retention time of the reflocculation zone II is designed to be 4 to 15 minutes, which ensures that most flocculation reactions are fully completed, forming flocs that are easy to settle. The design flow velocity control of the fourth orifice 5 is as follows: the initial flow velocity when the water enters the first cell orifice is 0.30 to 0.40 meters per second to ensure sufficient kinetic energy and collision frequency; the terminal flow velocity when the water passes through the last cell orifice is reduced to 0.10 to 0.15 meters per second to prevent the already grown flocs from breaking due to excessive shear force. This gradient flow velocity design scientifically matches the needs of each stage of flocculation.

[0027] A water distribution zone III is directly located below the reflocculation zone II. The main function of the water distribution zone III is to evenly and smoothly distribute the flocculated water from the reflocculation zone to the inlet cross-section of the entire horizontal sedimentation zone V, avoiding short-circuiting, eddies, or density flows, and creating optimal inlet conditions for sedimentation. To achieve uniform water distribution, multiple third holes 7 are equally spaced on the bottom plate of the water distribution zone III, perpendicular to the water flow direction and parallel to the width of the sedimentation zone. The diameter of the third holes 7 is preferably 50 to 200 mm, and the specific size is calculated and determined based on the treatment volume and the number of holes to ensure that the outflow velocity of each hole is similar, achieving uniform water distribution through a perforated wall.

[0028] The sludge storage zone IV is located below or to the side of the inlet of the horizontal sedimentation zone V, and is equipped with a static intermittent sludge discharge device VII. The longitudinal section of the sludge storage zone IV is designed as a truncated pyramid shape, i.e., a trapezoid, with an angle between its sidewall and the bottom of the tank greater than 45 degrees, preferably 55-60 degrees. This steep design facilitates the natural sliding of sludge to the collection point by gravity, preventing sludge from hardening on the sloping walls. The number of sludge storage zones IV can be set from 1 to 4 depending on the width of the sedimentation tank and the design of the sludge scraper. For example, in a large sedimentation tank, multiple sludge storage zones can be arranged side by side for efficient sludge collection.

[0029] The bottom of the advection sedimentation zone V is designed with a counter-slope along the water flow direction, meaning the bottom gradually rises towards the inlet, with a slope controlled between 0.01 and 0.02, or 1% to 2%. This counter-slope design helps the scraper push the settled sludge towards the sludge storage zone IV at the inlet and reduces the scraper's operating resistance. The scraper device VI can be selected based on the sludge load and properties, using a heavy-duty scraper suitable for dense, easily caking coal slime or slag. When scum may be present on the water surface, its operating speed is adjustable to adapt to different sludge discharge requirements.

[0030] The intermittent sludge discharge device VII is an automated control system, mainly comprising a sludge level gauge 11 and a self-stirring submersible slurry pump 12. The sludge level gauge 11 is installed in the sludge storage area IV to monitor the sludge accumulation height in real time. The self-stirring submersible slurry pump 12 is installed at the lowest point of the sludge storage area IV. It not only has a pumping function but also has stirring blades around its body or at its bottom, covering the entire bottom of the storage area to prevent sludge compaction and caking. The device is equipped with an interlocking control program. Its working logic is as follows: when the sludge level gauge 11 detects that the sludge level has reached the preset high level, the control system first issues a command to close the inlet control gate 3 of the reflocculation zone, temporarily cutting off the water flow into the sedimentation zone; then, it starts the self-stirring submersible slurry pump 12, which first stirs for a short time to resuspend the concentrated sludge evenly, and then pumps it to the subsequent sludge dewatering system or thickening tank. After sludge discharge, the system sequentially stops the slurry pump and opens the inlet gate to resume normal processing. This "static-intermittent centralized sludge discharge" mode avoids the waste of supernatant and frequent pump start-stop caused by continuous sludge discharge, and improves sludge concentration and efficiency.

[0031] The effluent level regulating device VIII is used for precise control of the water level in the horizontal sedimentation zone V. Its core components include a vertically adjustable skimmer 8 and a bottom outlet gate 9 located at the bottom of the pool wall. This device is also equipped with a level gauge 10 and an interlocking control program. The level gauge 10 is installed at the end of the effluent zone IX or the horizontal sedimentation zone to monitor the effluent level. When the system detects that the effluent level in effluent zone IX is lower than the set optimal operating level, possibly due to increased effluent flow or fluctuations in influent flow, the control program will trigger an adjustment action: either controlling the weir of the skimmer 8 to slowly descend, reducing the effluent flow velocity and causing the water level in the sedimentation zone to rise; or simultaneously / alternatingly opening the bottom outlet gate 9 to increase the effluent channel and coordinately regulate the water level. Conversely, when the water level is too high, the skimmer is raised or the bottom gate is closed. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the sedimentation zone is always in a stable laminar flow state and at the optimal water depth, improving the solid-liquid separation effect and the stability of the effluent water quality.

[0032] The effluent zone IX is a common collection channel used to collect effluent from two or more advection sedimentation zones V on the left and right, achieving symmetrical layout and intensive management of the treatment facilities. Furthermore, the key moving parts involved in this system, including the reflocculation zone inlet control gate 3, the skimmer 8, and the bottom outlet gate 9, are preferably driven by pneumatic or electric actuators to facilitate connection with the central automatic control system PLC or DCS, enabling fully automated, intelligent operation and remote monitoring of the entire process.

[0033] Coal mine water typically contains a large amount of suspended solids such as coal dust and rock dust, exhibiting high turbidity and deep color. Meanwhile, the supernatant (flocculated coal slurry) from coal preparation plants, after flocculation and sedimentation, still contains incompletely settled fine particles and residual flocculants. Direct reuse or discharge of this water may affect subsequent processes or exceed safety standards. Traditional separate treatment systems suffer from problems such as large footprint, high investment, and complex operation and management. Co-treatment of both at a suitable process point offers significant economic and environmental benefits. However, simple combined treatment often results in unstable treatment effects due to fluctuations in water quality and quantity, and differences in floc properties.

[0034] This invention utilizes a dedicated mixing zone I, employing water-retaining walls and perforations to create hydraulic mixing, ensuring rapid and uniform mixing of raw water, return water, and chemicals. The subsequent upper and lower double-layered, multi-compartment re-flocculation zone II, through a cleverly staggered arrangement of perforations, achieves a gradual decrease in velocity gradient, providing an ideal hydraulic environment for the "birth, growth, and compaction" of flocs, resulting in alum flocs with excellent settling properties—a prerequisite for efficient sedimentation.

[0035] The perforated bottom plate design of water distribution zone III is key to ensuring uniform water intake to the advection sedimentation zone V, eliminating the impact of the incoming water kinetic energy on the sedimentation zone. The advection sedimentation zone adopts a reverse slope bottom design, coupled with a heavy-duty sludge scraper, which is very suitable for the sedimentation and collection of heavier coal slime particles.

[0036] One of the core innovations of this invention lies in the introduction of two major automatic control systems: a static intermittent sludge discharge device VII and an effluent level regulation device VIII. The former, through interlocking control of the sludge level gauge, achieves the concentration and centralized discharge of high-concentration sludge from the sludge storage area, significantly improving sludge discharge efficiency and reducing pump energy consumption and subsequent dewatering burden. The latter, by real-time monitoring of the effluent level and dynamic adjustment of the skimmer and bottom gate, ensures constant hydraulic conditions within the sedimentation zone, effectively responding to fluctuations in inflow and guaranteeing continuous and stable effluent compliance.

[0037] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1 to 3 A mine water treatment layout structure includes a mixing zone I, a reflocculation zone II, a sludge storage zone IV, and a horizontal sedimentation zone V, which are connected in series along the treatment process. The end of the horizontal sedimentation zone V is connected to an effluent zone IX for collecting and discharging clarified water. A sludge scraping device VI is installed at the bottom of the horizontal sedimentation zone V to scrape the settled sludge towards the inlet or sludge collection hopper. An effluent level regulating device VIII is installed at the outlet of the horizontal sedimentation zone V to dynamically regulate the water level in the sedimentation zone, optimize sedimentation conditions, and ensure stable effluent flow. The mixing zone I is equipped with a mine water raw water inlet and a flocculated coal slurry water inlet, enabling the initial convergence and reaction of the two water flows. A reflocculation zone inlet control gate 3 is installed on the connecting channel between the mixing zone I and the reflocculation zone II to control the water flow into subsequent treatment units and to cut off the water flow under special conditions such as sludge discharge.

[0038] The top sidewall or top of the mixing zone I has a mine water inlet and a flocculated coal slurry inlet, respectively. A water-retaining partition wall 1 is installed inside the mixing zone I, dividing it into at least two continuous compartments. A first hole 2 is provided at the bottom or a specific height of the water-retaining partition wall 1. Water flows upwards or downwards through the first hole 2 within the mixing zone, generating local turbulence and promoting thorough and rapid mixing and initial reaction between the added coagulant / flocculator and the mine water and the returned flocculated coal slurry.

[0039] The reflocculation zone II is arranged in a three-dimensional superimposed manner, divided into upper and lower groups to save floor space. Each group of reflocculation zones II is internally divided into multiple independent cells by vertical flow guide baffles. Each cell's flow guide baffle has a fourth hole 5, and the fourth holes 5 of adjacent cells are staggered, such as upper hole on lower plate and lower hole on upper plate, forcing the water flow to zigzag between the upper and lower cells. This design greatly extends the water flow path, increases the flocculation reaction time, and creates a favorable velocity gradient G value, promoting the collision and growth of micro-flocculation particles into dense flocs. The bottom of the reflocculation zone II, after being collected from the lower group or through a dedicated channel, connects to the water distribution zone III below through a second hole 6, allowing the flocculated water to be uniformly and stably introduced into the front section of the sedimentation zone.

[0040] The number of cells in each group of the reflocculation zone II is preferably 4 to 10. This range ensures sufficient reaction stages and time while avoiding unnecessary resistance losses and construction costs. The total hydraulic retention time of the reflocculation zone II is designed to be 4 to 15 minutes, which ensures that most flocculation reactions are fully completed, forming flocs that are easy to settle. The design flow velocity control of the fourth orifice 5 is as follows: the initial flow velocity when the water enters the first cell orifice is 0.30 to 0.40 meters per second to ensure sufficient kinetic energy and collision frequency; the terminal flow velocity when the water passes through the last cell orifice is reduced to 0.10 to 0.15 meters per second to prevent the already grown flocs from breaking due to excessive shear force. This gradient flow velocity design scientifically matches the needs of each stage of flocculation.

[0041] A water distribution zone III is directly located below the reflocculation zone II. The main function of the water distribution zone III is to evenly and smoothly distribute the flocculated water from the reflocculation zone to the inlet cross-section of the entire horizontal sedimentation zone V, avoiding short-circuiting, eddies, or density flows, and creating optimal inlet conditions for sedimentation. To achieve uniform water distribution, multiple third holes 7 are equally spaced on the bottom plate of the water distribution zone III, perpendicular to the water flow direction and parallel to the width of the sedimentation zone. The diameter of the third holes 7 is preferably 50 to 200 mm, and the specific size is calculated and determined based on the treatment volume and the number of holes to ensure that the outflow velocity of each hole is similar, achieving uniform water distribution through a perforated wall.

[0042] The sludge storage zone IV is located below or to the side of the inlet of the horizontal sedimentation zone V, and is equipped with a static intermittent sludge discharge device VII. The longitudinal section of the sludge storage zone IV is designed as a truncated pyramid shape, i.e., a trapezoid, with an angle between its sidewall and the bottom of the tank greater than 45 degrees, preferably 55-60 degrees. This steep design facilitates the natural sliding of sludge to the collection point by gravity, preventing sludge from hardening on the sloping walls. The number of sludge storage zones IV can be set from 1 to 4 depending on the width of the sedimentation tank and the design of the sludge scraper. For example, in a large sedimentation tank, multiple sludge storage zones can be arranged side by side for efficient sludge collection.

[0043] The bottom of the advection sedimentation zone V is designed with a counter-slope along the water flow direction, meaning the bottom gradually rises towards the inlet, with a slope controlled between 0.01 and 0.02, or 1% to 2%. This counter-slope design helps the scraper push the settled sludge towards the sludge storage zone IV at the inlet and reduces the scraper's operating resistance. The scraper device VI can be selected based on the sludge load and properties, using a heavy-duty scraper suitable for dense, easily caking coal slime or slag. When scum may be present on the water surface, its operating speed is adjustable to adapt to different sludge discharge requirements.

[0044] The intermittent sludge discharge device VII is an automated control system, mainly comprising a sludge level gauge 11 and a self-stirring submersible slurry pump 12. The sludge level gauge 11 is installed in the sludge storage area IV to monitor the sludge accumulation height in real time. The self-stirring submersible slurry pump 12 is installed at the lowest point of the sludge storage area IV. It not only has a pumping function but also has stirring blades around its body or at its bottom, covering the entire bottom of the storage area to prevent sludge compaction and caking. The device is equipped with an interlocking control program. Its working logic is as follows: when the sludge level gauge 11 detects that the sludge level has reached the preset high level, the control system first issues a command to close the inlet control gate 3 of the reflocculation zone, temporarily cutting off the water flow into the sedimentation zone; then, it starts the self-stirring submersible slurry pump 12, which first stirs for a short time to resuspend the concentrated sludge evenly, and then pumps it to the subsequent sludge dewatering system or thickening tank. After sludge discharge, the system sequentially stops the slurry pump and opens the inlet gate to resume normal processing. This "static-intermittent centralized sludge discharge" mode avoids the waste of supernatant and frequent pump start-stop caused by continuous sludge discharge, and improves sludge concentration and efficiency.

[0045] The effluent level regulating device VIII is used for precise control of the water level in the horizontal sedimentation zone V. Its core components include a vertically adjustable skimmer 8 and a bottom outlet gate 9 located at the bottom of the pool wall. This device is also equipped with a level gauge 10 and an interlocking control program. The level gauge 10 is installed at the end of the effluent zone IX or the horizontal sedimentation zone to monitor the effluent level. When the system detects that the effluent level in effluent zone IX is lower than the set optimal operating level, possibly due to increased effluent flow or fluctuations in influent flow, the control program will trigger an adjustment action: either controlling the weir of the skimmer 8 to slowly descend, reducing the effluent flow velocity and causing the water level in the sedimentation zone to rise; or simultaneously / alternatingly opening the bottom outlet gate 9 to increase the effluent channel and coordinately regulate the water level. Conversely, when the water level is too high, the skimmer is raised or the bottom gate is closed. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the sedimentation zone is always in a stable laminar flow state and at the optimal water depth, improving the solid-liquid separation effect and the stability of the effluent water quality.

[0046] The effluent zone IX is a common collection channel used to collect effluent from two or more advection sedimentation zones V on the left and right, achieving symmetrical layout and intensive management of the treatment facilities. Furthermore, the key moving parts involved in this system, including the reflocculation zone inlet control gate 3, the skimmer 8, and the bottom outlet gate 9, are preferably driven by pneumatic or electric actuators to facilitate connection with the central automatic control system PLC or DCS, enabling fully automated, intelligent operation and remote monitoring of the entire process.

[0047] Coal mine water typically contains a large amount of suspended solids such as coal dust and rock dust, exhibiting high turbidity and deep color. Furthermore, its quality fluctuates significantly due to variations in mining processes and geological conditions. While the coal slurry water generated during coal preparation plants, after primary flocculation and sedimentation treatment, still contains a large number of incompletely settled fine colloidal particles, residual coagulants or flocculants, and a certain amount of organic matter in its supernatant (the flocculated coal slurry water referred to in this invention). Direct discharge of this water could cause water pollution; reuse in production could lead to interference with subsequent washing processes or exacerbate scaling in equipment and pipelines due to the presence of fine particles and residual chemicals. Traditional treatment methods typically separate mine water and coal slurry water from coal preparation plants into two independent treatment systems. This approach suffers from significant drawbacks, including high infrastructure investment, large land area requirements, complex operation and management, and overlapping energy and chemical consumption. Therefore, exploring an integrated treatment system capable of synergistically, efficiently, and stably purifying two types of wastewater with similar qualities and treatment objectives has significant practical needs and economic and environmental value.

[0048] However, simple physical merging treatment faces numerous technical challenges. First, the quality and quantity of the two types of water may fluctuate asynchronously. Mine water may have a large instantaneous flow rate and coarse particles, while flocculated coal slurry water is relatively stable but contains pre-formed micro-flocs. Direct mixing may damage the flocs or lead to uneven reactions. Second, merging treatment requires a more complete and controllable flocculation process to form large, dense flocs with excellent settling properties; otherwise, effective separation in the sedimentation unit is difficult. Finally, to address the potentially larger and more complex sludge load generated after merging, an efficient and intelligent sludge collection and discharge mechanism is needed to prevent sludge accumulation from affecting sedimentation efficiency and to reduce the burden on subsequent sludge dewatering units.

[0049] The starting point of this structure is the meticulously designed mixing zone I. This zone is not a simple confluence box, but rather a multi-stage hydraulic mixing unit constructed by setting up a water-retaining partition wall 1 and a first opening 2. When the raw mine water and the returned flocculated coal slurry water, which may have already been treated with coagulants / flocculators, enter the mixing zone respectively, the water flow is forced to repeatedly rise and fall through the opening at the bottom of the partition wall, generating intense local turbulence and shear. This hydraulic mixing method is highly efficient and energy-saving, enabling sufficient contact and initial destabilization and coagulation reactions among the reagents, suspended solids in the raw water, and micro-flocs in the returned water in a very short time, creating a good start for subsequent flocculation.

[0050] The flocculation process was further refined and optimized in the reflocculation zone II. This zone was ingeniously designed: firstly, it employed a two-layer, stacked arrangement, significantly increasing the effective reaction volume and hydraulic residence time within a limited floor space. Secondly, each layer was divided into multiple interconnected cells by vertical flow guides, with the fourth holes 5 on adjacent cell partitions arranged in an alternating pattern. This design forced the water flow to repeatedly zigzag between layers and within cells within the same layer.

[0051] This invention allows for precise design of the water flow velocity through each hole by controlling the size and number of holes. The initial holes have a higher flow velocity of 0.30-0.40 m / s to provide initial collision energy; the terminal holes have a lower flow velocity of 0.10-0.15 m / s to protect the already formed large flocs. This progressively decreasing flow velocity design scientifically matches the hydraulic requirements of different stages of the flocculation process, thereby cultivating flocs with high density, large particle size, and excellent settling performance, which is crucial for the successful subsequent sedimentation and separation.

[0052] After flocculation, a smooth transition of water flow is crucial. Distribution zone III is located below the reflocculation zone, and its bottom plate is formed by evenly distributed third holes 7, constituting a perforated distribution wall. This design effectively dissipates energy, distributing the flocculated water from the reflocculation zone evenly and at low speed across the entire inlet section of the advection sedimentation zone V. This minimizes short-circuiting, eddies, or density flows that might be caused by the inlet momentum, creating near-ideal, stable laminar inlet conditions for the sedimentation zone.

[0053] The advection sedimentation zone V is specifically designed to address the high density and caking characteristics of coal mine sludge. The bottom of the tank features a reverse slope of 0.01-0.02 towards the inlet, which, combined with the heavy-duty scraper VI, not only facilitates the scraping of settled sludge towards the sludge storage zone IV at the inlet, but also reduces resistance during the scraper's upward movement, thus lowering energy consumption. The scraper can be flexibly selected based on the actual sludge properties, offering greater adaptability.

[0054] For those skilled in the art, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine water treatment layout structure, characterized in that: It includes a mixing zone, a reflocculation zone, a sludge storage zone, and a horizontal sedimentation zone connected in sequence. The horizontal sedimentation zone is connected to an outlet zone. A sludge scraping device is provided at the bottom of the horizontal sedimentation zone. An outlet water level regulating device is provided at the outlet of the horizontal sedimentation zone. The mixing zone is provided with a mine water inlet and a flocculated coal slurry water inlet. A reflocculation zone inlet control gate is provided between the mixing zone and the reflocculation zone.

2. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mixing zone is the raw mine water inlet and the flocculated coal slurry water inlet. The mixing zone is equipped with a water-retaining partition wall and a first hole, through which the water flows upward and mixes.

3. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The reflocculation zone consists of two groups, upper and lower. Each group of reflocculation zones contains multiple cells. Each cell has a fourth hole arranged in an alternating pattern. The second hole at the bottom of the reflocculation zone is connected to the water distribution zone.

4. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of cells in the reflocculation zone is 4 to 10, the hydraulic residence time in the reflocculation zone is 4 to 15 minutes, and the initial flow velocity of the fourth hole is 0.30 to 0.40 meters per second and the terminal flow velocity is 0.10 to 0.15 meters per second.

5. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the reflocculation zone is the water distribution zone. The bottom plate of the water distribution zone is provided with multiple third holes, which are evenly distributed along the water flow direction and have a diameter of 50 to 200 mm.

6. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The sludge storage area is equipped with a static intermittent sludge discharge device. The sludge storage area is a truncated quadrangular shape. The slope of the side wall and the bottom of the sludge storage area is greater than 45 degrees. The number of sludge storage areas is 1 to 4.

7. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The advection sedimentation zone is set up against the direction of water flow with a slope of 0.01 to 0.02, and the sludge scraping device is a heavy-duty sludge scraper or a slag scraper.

8. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The static intermittent sludge discharge device includes a sludge level gauge and a self-stirring submersible slurry pump. The sludge level gauge is installed in the sludge storage area, and the self-stirring submersible slurry pump is installed at the bottom of the sludge storage area and its stirring range covers the bottom of the sludge storage area. The static intermittent sludge discharge device is equipped with an interlocking control program. When the sludge level gauge reaches the set value, the water inlet control gate of the reflocculation zone is closed and the self-stirring submersible slurry pump is turned on.

9. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The water level regulating device includes a skimmer and a bottom water outlet gate. The water level regulating device is equipped with a level gauge and an interlocking control program. The level gauge is located in the water outlet area. When the water level in the water outlet area is lower than the set value, the skimmer is controlled to descend or the bottom water outlet gate is opened.

10. The mine water treatment layout structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The effluent zone collects the effluent from two sets of horizontal sedimentation zones. The inlet control gate and skimmer of the reflocculation zone, as well as the bottom effluent gate, are pneumatically or electrically driven.

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