Power plant wastewater treatment apparatus and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and discloses a power plant wastewater treatment equipment and a treatment method, which comprise a pool body, the pool body comprises: a neutralization part located at the front end of the pool body and used for neutralizing and treating wastewater; a chemical precipitation part located at the middle end of the pool body and used for generating sulfides; and a flocculation and precipitation part located at the rear end of the pool body and used for solid-liquid separation; the neutralization part, the chemical precipitation part and the flocculation and precipitation part are isolated through upper and lower blocking plates, and the water solution treated by each part is allowed to flow to the rear end, the application effectively intercepts the flocculation material floating up from the physical level through structure optimization and function cooperation, significantly improves the clarification effect of the power plant wastewater, ensures the efficiency of subsequent deep treatment and the stability of the final effluent water quality to reach the standard, and provides reliable technical support for compliant discharge and resource utilization of the power plant wastewater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a power plant wastewater treatment equipment and treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the power industry, power plants generate a large amount of wastewater during the power generation process. This wastewater contains suspended solids, heavy metal ions, oils, acidic and alkaline substances, as well as a variety of organic pollutants. If discharged directly, it will cause serious water and soil pollution to the ecological environment, and also waste precious water resources.

[0003] Desulfurization wastewater is a difficult and important part of power plant wastewater treatment. Its treatment is usually divided into two stages: pretreatment and advanced treatment (zero discharge). Pretreatment mainly includes three steps: neutralization, chemical precipitation and flocculation clarification.

[0004] During the flocculation and clarification process, some small flocs often float in the water and cannot fall under the influence of gravity, resulting in poor clarification and affecting the efficiency of subsequent deep treatment and the quality of the effluent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a power plant wastewater treatment device and method, primarily aimed at resolving the problem of floating flocculent matter leading to poor clarification, which in turn affects the efficiency of subsequent advanced treatment and the quality of the effluent.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A power plant wastewater treatment device includes a tank body, comprising: a neutralization section located at the front end of the tank body for neutralizing wastewater; a chemical precipitation section located in the middle of the tank body for generating sulfides; and a flocculation and sedimentation section located at the rear end of the tank body for solid-liquid separation; the neutralization section, chemical precipitation section, and flocculation and sedimentation section are separated by upper and lower baffle plates, allowing the treated aqueous solutions from each section to flow to the rear end;

[0008] The chemical precipitation section includes: an outlet pipe located at the rear end of the tank for discharging the supernatant; a barrier module located at the front end of the outlet pipe for preventing floating flocs from moving upward; a cleaning module located at the front end of the barrier module for cleaning the flocs blocked by the barrier module; and an auxiliary sedimentation module located in the middle of the flocculation and sedimentation section for adsorbing suspended flocs as they fall.

[0009] Furthermore, the barrier isolation module includes: multiple barrier plates, fixedly installed between the inner walls of both sides of the pool body, forming a channel between two adjacent barrier plates, and the multiple barrier plates and the channel are all in an "S" shape; and yarn, located on the opposite sides of two adjacent barrier plates, with the length of the multiple yarns exceeding half the width of the channel, and the yarns on both sides being staggered.

[0010] Based on the aforementioned solution, the cleaning module includes: two guide rods, fixedly installed between the inner walls of both sides of the pool body, with a connecting frame slidably installed on the guide rods; a multi-section hydraulic cylinder, fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the pool body, with the movable end of the multi-section hydraulic cylinder fixed to the connecting frame; and a scraper, located inside the channel, fixedly installed at the other end of the connecting frame. When the scraper moves inside the channel, it cleans the lint adhering to the lint. The top of the scraper facing the lint is a guide section, used to prevent the lint from floating upwards during scraping.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary sedimentation module includes: a first storage box, fixedly installed on the top of the pool body, the bottom of the first storage box being a first discharge port, and the upper part of the first discharge port being a guide slope around the perimeter of the first storage box; a first electric push rod, fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the first storage box; and a blocking frame, slidably installed inside the first discharge port, the top of which is fixed to the movable end of the first electric push rod, and the bottom of the blocking frame being a flat closed part and a conical head with a pointed tip.

[0012] Furthermore, the flocculation and sedimentation section further includes: a flocculation solution inlet pipe located at the front end of the flocculation and sedimentation section for discharging flocculation solution; a coagulant aid inlet pipe located at the middle end of the flocculation and sedimentation section for discharging coagulant aid solution; wherein, the auxiliary sedimentation module is located above the coagulant aid inlet pipe; and a first stirring frame is rotatably installed above and below the flocculation solution inlet pipe and below the coagulant aid inlet pipe.

[0013] Based on the aforementioned scheme, the neutralization section includes: an inlet pipe located at the front end of the neutralization section for discharging wastewater into the tank; and a pH value raising and filling module located above the inlet pipe for filling pH value adjusting emulsion.

[0014] An auxiliary isolation plate, located at the rear end of the neutralization section, is used to prevent particles from flowing into the chemical precipitation section;

[0015] The pH-enhancing filling module includes: a second storage tank, fixedly installed on the top of the tank body, above the inlet pipe, with multiple outlet holes at the bottom; an outlet pipe, fixedly installed on the bottom of the second storage tank and connected to the outlet holes; a sealing plate, slidably installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the second storage tank, with a through-hole at the bottom of the sealing plate, preventing the emulsion in the second storage tank from draining when the through-hole and outlet holes are completely misaligned; a second electric push rod, fixedly installed on the top of the tank body, with its movable end fixed to one end of the sealing plate passing through the second storage tank; an arc-shaped plate, fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the second storage tank; a second stirring rack, rotatably installed on the inner walls of both sides of the second storage tank; and an air inlet pipe, fixedly installed on the top of the second storage tank for pressurizing the contents of the second storage tank.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the chemical precipitation section includes a neutralization solution inlet pipe located at the front and rear ends of the chemical precipitation section and fixedly installed between the inner walls of both sides of the tank body for discharging the neutralization solution.

[0017] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly also includes a scraper, which is slidably installed in the channel and detachably installed with the scraper via a connecting plate.

[0018] Based on the aforementioned scheme, multiple nozzles are fixedly installed on both sides of the water inlet pipe, the neutralizing solution inlet pipe, the flocculation solution inlet pipe, and the coagulation aid inlet pipe.

[0019] A method for treating power plant wastewater includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Introduce the power plant wastewater into the neutralization section of the pool, add an appropriate amount of neutralizing agent to the neutralization section, and adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 9-10, so that most of the heavy metal ions in the wastewater combine with hydroxide ions to form insoluble hydroxide precipitates.

[0021] Step 2: After neutralization, the wastewater slowly flows into the chemical precipitation section through the flow channel formed by the upper and lower baffles between the neutralization section and the chemical precipitation section under the action of water pressure difference.

[0022] Step 3: Add sulfide precipitants to the chemical precipitation section. These precipitants react chemically with heavy metal ions in the wastewater that do not readily form hydroxide precipitates, generating even more insoluble sulfide precipitates.

[0023] Step 4: The treated wastewater continues to flow into the flocculation and sedimentation section. Flocculant is added at the front end of the flocculation and sedimentation section and coagulant aid is added in the middle. After thorough stirring and mixing, the tiny suspended solids and colloidal substances in the wastewater will agglomerate into large flocs.

[0024] Step 5: At this point, the auxiliary sedimentation module located in the middle of the flocculation and sedimentation section begins to function. The auxiliary sedimentation module will add fine particles with a high specific surface area. These particles act as crystal nuclei, and tiny suspended solids and colloids in the water will be adsorbed onto their surface under the action of stirring, thereby making the overall particles larger and heavier, and accelerating the sedimentation speed.

[0025] Step Six: As the water flows forward, the wastewater containing alum flocs enters the rear end of the flocculation and sedimentation section. The larger alum floc particles naturally settle to the bottom of the pool under the action of gravity, forming sedimented sludge, while the relatively clear water flows upward.

[0026] Step 7: When relatively clear water flows upward, the blocking and isolation module will effectively intercept the flocculent matter that has not yet settled and is floating in the water, preventing it from entering the outlet pipe with the water.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a power plant wastewater treatment device and method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This invention effectively intercepts floating flocculent matter at the physical level through structural optimization and functional synergy, significantly improving the clarification effect of power plant wastewater, ensuring the efficiency of subsequent deep treatment and the stable compliance of the final effluent quality, and providing reliable technical support for the compliant discharge and comprehensive utilization of power plant wastewater.

[0029] 2. Through the synergistic effect of the "S"-shaped baffle plate and the interlaced yarn, the blocking and isolation module constructs a multi-layered physical barrier, which can not only effectively block floating flocculents of different sizes and densities, but also maximize the interception effect by extending the water flow path and increasing the contact opportunities, thus significantly reducing the content of flocculents in the supernatant.

[0030] 3. Through regular cleaning, the cleaning module can always maintain the cleanliness of the yarn and its adsorption and interception capabilities, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the blocking and isolation module.

[0031] 4. This invention, by incorporating an auxiliary sedimentation module, can attract tiny suspended solids and colloidal substances in wastewater to adsorb and aggregate on its surface, thereby effectively promoting the formation and growth of flocs, accelerating their sedimentation process, further reducing the number of floating flocs in the water, and improving the flocculation and sedimentation effect.

[0032] 5. This invention, through the synergistic cooperation of two dosing tubes, ensures that the flocculant and coagulant aid can play their roles accurately and efficiently at different stages of the flocculation and sedimentation section, providing an important guarantee for improving the overall flocculation and sedimentation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a power plant wastewater treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pool in a power plant wastewater treatment device proposed in this invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow direction structure of a power plant wastewater treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the front structure of the barrier and isolation module of a power plant wastewater treatment equipment proposed in this invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the rear structure of the barrier and isolation module of a power plant wastewater treatment equipment proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the cleaning module of a power plant wastewater treatment equipment proposed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the auxiliary sedimentation module of a power plant wastewater treatment equipment proposed in this invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This invention proposes a power plant wastewater treatment device. Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the internal explosion structure;

[0041] Figure 9 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the baffle structure of a power plant wastewater treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the pH value injection module of a power plant wastewater treatment equipment proposed in this invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second storage tank of a power plant wastewater treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0044] Figure 12 This invention proposes a power plant wastewater treatment device. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a localized explosion structure.

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Neutralization solution inlet pipe; 4. Flocculation solution inlet pipe; 5. Coagulant solution inlet pipe; 6. Outlet pipe; 7. Barrier and isolation module; 8. Auxiliary sedimentation module; 9. pH value raising and injection module; 10. Auxiliary isolation plate; 11. Upper barrier plate; 12. Lower barrier plate; 13. First stirring rack; 14. Cleaning module; 15. Scraper rack; 16. Connecting plate; 17. Nozzle;

[0046] 701. Baffle plate; 702. Channel; 703. Yarn;

[0047] 801. First storage box; 802. First electric push rod; 803. First discharge port; 804. Guide slope; 805. Blocking frame; 8051. Conical head; 8052. Enclosure;

[0048] 901. Second storage box; 902. Arc-shaped plate; 903. Sealing plate; 904. Air inlet pipe; 905. Second stirring rack; 906. Liquid outlet; 907. Liquid outlet hole; 908. Liquid outlet pipe; 909. Second electric push rod;

[0049] 1401, Guide rod; 1402, Connecting frame; 1403, Multi-section hydraulic cylinder; 1404, Scraper; 1405, Flow guide. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0051] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0052] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] Please see Figures 1-12As shown, a power plant wastewater treatment device includes a tank 1, which comprises a neutralization section, a chemical precipitation section, and a flocculation sedimentation section. The neutralization section is located at the front end of the tank 1 and neutralizes the wastewater to remove most of the heavy metal ions (such as zinc, copper, and nickel). The chemical precipitation section is located in the middle of the tank 1 and removes heavy metal ions such as mercury and cadmium that do not easily form hydroxide precipitates, generating sulfides. The flocculation sedimentation section is located at the rear end of the tank 1 and causes tiny suspended solids and colloidal substances in the water to coagulate into large flocs, achieving solid-liquid separation through gravity sedimentation to obtain a clear supernatant.

[0054] The neutralization section, chemical precipitation section, and flocculation precipitation section are set up in sequence. Combined with the addition of specific reagents, it can achieve efficient removal of different types of heavy metal ions in stages and create favorable conditions for subsequent flocculation precipitation.

[0055] The neutralization section, chemical precipitation section, and flocculation precipitation section are separated by an upper baffle plate 11 and a lower baffle plate 12, allowing the treated aqueous solutions from each section to flow to the rear end. The specific flow direction is referenced below. Figure 3 ;

[0056] The design of the upper baffle plate 11 and the lower baffle plate 12 not only ensures the relative independence of each treatment unit, but also guides the wastewater to flow slowly along a predetermined path, so that the reaction and sedimentation processes can be fully carried out.

[0057] The chemical sedimentation section includes an outlet pipe 6 located at the rear end of the tank body 1 for discharging the supernatant, a blocking and isolation module 7 at the front end of the outlet pipe 6 for blocking floating flocs from moving upward, a cleaning module 14 at the front end of the blocking and isolation module 7 for cleaning the flocs blocked by the blocking and isolation module 7, and an auxiliary sedimentation module 8 located in the middle of the flocculation sedimentation section for adsorbing the falling suspended flocs.

[0058] Based on the above, the methods for cleaning power plant wastewater are as follows:

[0059] First, the power plant wastewater is introduced into the neutralization section of pool 1. An appropriate amount of neutralizing agent (such as lime milk) is added to the neutralization section to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 9-10, so that most of the heavy metal ions (such as zinc, copper, and nickel) in the wastewater combine with hydroxide ions to form insoluble hydroxide precipitates.

[0060] After neutralization, the wastewater flows slowly into the chemical precipitation section through the flow channel formed by the upper baffle plate 11 and the lower baffle plate 12 between the neutralization section and the chemical precipitation section under the action of water pressure difference.

[0061] Next, sulfide precipitants (such as TMT-15) are added to the chemical precipitation section. These precipitants react chemically with heavy metal ions (such as mercury and cadmium) in the wastewater that do not readily form hydroxide precipitates, generating even more insoluble sulfide precipitates.

[0062] The treated wastewater continues to flow downstream and enters the flocculation and sedimentation section. Flocculants (such as FeCl3) are added at the front end of the flocculation and sedimentation section, and coagulants (such as PAM) are added in the middle. After thorough stirring and mixing, the tiny suspended solids and colloidal substances in the wastewater will coagulate into large flocs.

[0063] At this time, the auxiliary sedimentation module 8 located in the middle of the flocculation sedimentation section begins to play its role. The auxiliary sedimentation module 8 will add fine particles with high specific surface area (such as natural quartz sand, high-efficiency activated carbon, artificial ceramsite, etc.). These particles act as crystal nuclei, and the tiny suspended solids and colloids in the water will be adsorbed onto their surface under the action of stirring, thereby making the overall particles larger and heavier, and accelerating the sedimentation speed.

[0064] As the water flows forward, the wastewater containing alum flocs enters the rear end of the flocculation and sedimentation section. The larger alum floc particles naturally sink to the bottom of the pool under the action of gravity, forming sedimented sludge, while the relatively clear water flows upward.

[0065] When relatively clear water flows upward, the blocking and isolation module 7 will effectively intercept the flocculent matter that has not yet settled and is floating in the water, preventing it from entering the outlet pipe 6 along with the water.

[0066] Meanwhile, the cleaning module 14 will regularly clean the flocculent material attached to the surface of the barrier and isolation module 7 to ensure the continuous and stable barrier and isolation effect, and finally allow the qualified supernatant to be discharged through the water outlet pipe 6 and enter the subsequent deep treatment process.

[0067] The various sediments that settle at the bottom of tank 1 (including hydroxide sediments in the neutralization section, sulfide sediments in the chemical precipitation section, and flocculent sludge in the flocculation sedimentation section) are periodically discharged through the sludge discharge pipe installed at the bottom of tank 1 for subsequent sludge treatment and disposal.

[0068] Through the above treatment process, the power plant wastewater treatment equipment can effectively solve the problem of poor clarification caused by floating flocs, and effectively intercept the floating flocs from a physical perspective, preventing them from entering the effluent pipe 6 and affecting the quality of the effluent.

[0069] Overall, through structural optimization and functional synergy, the equipment significantly improves the clarification effect of power plant wastewater, ensuring the efficiency of subsequent deep treatment and the stable compliance of the final effluent quality, and providing reliable technical support for the compliant discharge and resource utilization of power plant wastewater.

[0070] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5In order to intercept floating flocculent matter, the blocking and isolation module 7 includes multiple baffles 701 fixedly installed between the inner walls on both sides of the pool body 1. A channel 702 is formed between two adjacent baffles 701 to ensure that the water flow cannot easily avoid its interception range when passing through, thereby improving the interception efficiency of flocculent matter. The multiple baffles 701 and the channel 702 are all in an "S" shape, which prolongs the residence time of the water flow in the blocking and isolation module 7, thereby further slowing down the water flow speed. At the same time, the curved "S" shape can also block the passage of flocculent matter, forcing the floating flocculent matter to continuously collide and gather in the channel 702, increasing the probability of settling.

[0071] And the yarn 703 is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two adjacent baffles 701. The yarn 703 is soft and has a large specific surface area, which can capture suspended flocculent matter in the water like a fine filter. The length of multiple yarns 703 exceeds half the width of the channel 702, and the yarns 703 on both sides are staggered. When the water flows through the channel 702, its flow path will be obstructed and disturbed by the yarns 703, which increases the chance of flocculent matter coming into contact with the yarns 703.

[0072] When relatively clear water flows upward, it will first pass through the yarn 703. Due to the interlaced distribution of the yarn 703 on both sides, those small and light floating flocculents are easily entangled and adsorbed by the interlaced yarn 703, thus being intercepted and unable to continue to move upward into the outlet pipe 6.

[0073] Through the synergistic effect of the "S"-shaped baffle 701 and the interlaced yarn 703, the blocking and isolation module 7 constructs a multi-layered physical barrier, which can not only effectively block floating flocculents of different sizes and densities, but also maximize the interception effect by extending the water flow path and increasing the contact opportunities, thereby significantly reducing the content of flocculents in the supernatant and providing a solid guarantee for the output of clear water from the outlet pipe 6.

[0074] Reference Figures 5-6 In order to clean the lint attached to the yarn 703, the cleaning module 14 includes two guide rods 1401 fixedly installed between the inner walls of both sides of the pool body 1. A connecting frame 1402 is slidably installed on the guide rods 1401. Multiple scrapers 1404 located in the channel 702 are fixedly installed on the top of one end of the connecting frame 1402. The top of the scraper 1404 facing the yarn 703 is a flow guide 1405, which applies a downward force to the lint attached to the yarn 703, effectively preventing the lint from floating upward due to water flow disturbance during the scraping process. Multiple hydraulic cylinders 1403 are fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the pool body 1. The movable end of the multiple hydraulic cylinders 1403 is fixed to the other end of the connecting frame 1402.

[0075] When it is necessary to clean the lint on the yarn 703, the movable end of the multi-section hydraulic cylinder 1403 will drive the connecting frame 1402 to move smoothly along the axial direction of the guide rod 1401, thereby driving multiple scrapers 1404 to move in the corresponding channel 702.

[0076] Since the top of the scraper 1404 is provided with a guide part 1405 facing the yarn 703, when the scraper 1404 moves in the channel 702, the guide part 1405 will contact the yarn 703, and the side of the scraper 1404 will stick to the yarn 703. As the scraper 1404 continues to move, the lint wrapped and adsorbed on the yarn 703 will be completely scraped off.

[0077] The scraped-off flocculent material will settle to the bottom of the flocculation sedimentation section under the action of gravity, and be discharged together with other settled sludge through the sludge discharge pipe at the bottom of tank 1.

[0078] After cleaning is completed, the movable end of the multi-section hydraulic cylinder 1403 drives the connecting frame 1402 and scraper 1404 to reset, waiting for the next cleaning command;

[0079] Through regular cleaning, the cleaning module 14 can always maintain the cleanliness and adsorption and interception capabilities of the filaments 703, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the blocking and isolation module 7.

[0080] The cleaning assembly also includes a scraper 15 that is slidably installed in the channel 702 and is detachably installed with the scraper 1404 via a connecting plate 16. The shape of the scraper 15 is adapted to the “S” profile of the channel 702, and its two side walls can fit tightly against the inner surface of the baffle plate 701.

[0081] When the scraper 1404 moves within the channel 702, the scraper 15 can also move synchronously. Its sidewalls will scrape and clean the lint adhering to the inner surface of the baffle 701, effectively removing the lint that may be attached to the baffle 701 and not captured by the yarn 703.

[0082] The detachable design of the connecting plate 16 facilitates the installation and removal of the scraper block 1404 and the scraper frame 15, providing various options for the operation of the scraper frame 15, such as:

[0083] When processing is in normal condition, the connecting plate 16 is not installed. At this time, the scraper 1404 is separated from the scraper frame 15. The cleaning module 14 only uses the scraper 1404 to clean the lint on the yarn 703, avoiding the scraper frame 15 from rubbing against the baffle plate 701 frequently when not necessary, thus reducing equipment wear.

[0084] When it is necessary to clean the inside of the baffle 701, the scraper 15 and the scraper 1404 can be fixedly connected by the connecting plate 16, so as to realize the synchronous movement of the scraper 1404 and the scraper 15, and complete the comprehensive cleaning of the yarn 703 and the inside of the baffle 701 in one go, thereby improving cleaning efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0085] This flexible combination allows the cleaning module 14 to adjust the cleaning range and intensity according to actual operating conditions and cleaning needs, further ensuring the interception effect and long-term stable operation of the blocking and isolation module 7.

[0086] It should be noted that the multi-section hydraulic cylinder 1403 is existing technology. It achieves the telescopic function by cooperating with the hydraulic system, and can be used in conjunction with magnetic switches, proximity switches or photoelectric switches to achieve precise control of the telescopic displacement of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0087] Reference Figures 7-9 In order to further reduce the amount of flocculent matter floating in the solution, the auxiliary sedimentation module 8 includes a first storage box 801 fixedly installed on the top of the pool body 1. The bottom of the first storage box 801 is a first discharge port 803. A baffle 805 is installed inside the first discharge port 803. The bottom of the baffle 805 is a flat closed part 8052 and a cone-shaped head 8051 with a pointed tip. Above the first discharge port 803 and around the first storage box 801 are guide slopes 804.

[0088] A first electric push rod 802 is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the first storage box 801, and the movable end of the first electric push rod 802 is fixed to the top of the blocking frame 805.

[0089] When fine particles with high specific surface area are added to the auxiliary precipitation module 8 as crystal nuclei, the movable end of the first electric push rod 802 will extend downward, causing the blocking frame 805 to move downward as a whole.

[0090] At this time, the flat closed part 8052 at the bottom of the blocking frame 805 will be removed from the first discharge port 803, exposing the conical head 8051 and the first discharge port 803 above it;

[0091] The granular materials (such as natural quartz sand, high-efficiency activated carbon, artificial ceramsite, etc.) stored in the first storage tank 801 are drawn together by their own gravity along the guide slope 804 to the first discharge port 803. Under the guidance of the guide slope 804, the granules can pass smoothly through the first discharge port 803 and slightly collide with the conical head 8051 of the blocking frame 805 during the fall. They are then guided by the conical head 8051, allowing the granules to be dispersed and fall relatively evenly into the middle water of the flocculation sedimentation section.

[0092] These fine particles act as crystal nuclei, attracting tiny suspended solids and colloidal substances in wastewater to adsorb and aggregate on their surface, thereby effectively promoting the formation and growth of flocs, accelerating their settling process, further reducing the number of floating flocs in the water, and improving the flocculation and sedimentation effect.

[0093] After the crystal nucleus addition is completed, the movable end of the first electric push rod 802 is reset, pulling the blocking frame 805 to reset until the planar sealing part 8052 re-blocks the first discharge port 803, at which point the feeding of particles stops.

[0094] To achieve the basic function of flocculation and sedimentation, the flocculation and sedimentation section also includes a flocculation solution inlet pipe 4 and a coagulant aid inlet pipe 5. Both sides of the flocculation solution inlet pipe 4 and the coagulant aid inlet pipe 5 are equipped with nozzles 17. The flocculation solution inlet pipe 4 is located at the front end of the flocculation and sedimentation section, spraying flocculant (such as FeCl3) into the wastewater. The coagulant aid inlet pipe 5 is located in the middle of the flocculation and sedimentation section, fully mixing with the water that has initially formed small flocs, further promoting the aggregation and growth of flocs, forming alum flocs with a more compact structure and better settling performance. The coagulant aid inlet pipe 5 is located below the first storage tank 801.

[0095] The synergistic operation of these two dosing tubes ensures that the flocculant and coagulant aid can play their roles precisely and efficiently at different stages of the flocculation and sedimentation section, providing an important guarantee for improving the overall flocculation and sedimentation effect.

[0096] And the first stirring frame 13, which is rotated and installed above and below the flocculant inlet pipe 4 and below the coagulant aid inlet pipe 5, will be continuously rotated by an external motor during the dosing process. Its blades will stir the water at a moderate speed so that the newly added flocculant and coagulant aid can be quickly and evenly mixed with the wastewater, avoiding excessively high or low local concentrations of the agents, ensuring that the chemical reaction is fully carried out, and creating good conditions for the formation of flocs in the future.

[0097] The stirring intensity of the first stirring rack 13 has been optimized to ensure the mixing effect without breaking the small flocs that have been initially formed due to excessive stirring, thus achieving a balance between promoting drug diffusion and floc growth.

[0098] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In order to remove most of the heavy metal ions (such as zinc, copper and nickel), the neutralization section includes an inlet pipe 2 located at the front end of the neutralization section. Multiple nozzles 17 are installed on both sides of the inlet pipe 2. A pH adjustment emulsion pH enhancement filling module 9 is provided above the inlet pipe 2.

[0099] Reference Figures 10-12The pH value boosting and filling module 9 includes a second storage box 901 fixedly installed on the top of the pool body 1 above the water inlet pipe 2. The bottom of the second storage box 901 is provided with multiple liquid outlet holes 907. A liquid outlet pipe 908 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second storage box 901 and is connected to the liquid outlet holes 907. An air inlet pipe 904 is fixedly installed on the top of the second storage box 901 for pressurizing the inside of the second storage box 901.

[0100] A sealing plate 903 is slidably installed on the bottom inner wall of the second storage box 901. A liquid outlet 906 is opened through the bottom of the sealing plate 903. When the liquid outlet 906 and the liquid outlet 907 are completely misaligned, the emulsion in the second storage box 901 cannot be discharged.

[0101] A second electric push rod 909 is fixedly installed on the top of the pool body 1. The movable end of the second electric push rod 909 is fixed to one end of the sealing plate 903 that passes through the second storage box 901.

[0102] When it is necessary to add neutralizing agents (such as lime milk) to the neutralization section to adjust the pH value of the wastewater, the movable end of the second electric push rod 909 will drive the sealing plate 903 to slide on the bottom inner wall of the second storage box 901.

[0103] As the sealing plate 903 moves, its liquid outlet 906 gradually aligns with the liquid outlet 907 at the bottom of the second storage tank 901. When the two are fully aligned, the lime slurry stored in the second storage tank 901 flows into the liquid outlet pipe 908 through the liquid outlet 906 and the liquid outlet 907. At this time, the wastewater sprayed from the nozzle 17 on the water inlet pipe 2 will directly contact the lime slurry. Under the impact and mixing effect of the water flow, the lime slurry can be quickly and evenly dispersed into the wastewater and begin to react.

[0104] Meanwhile, compressed air is introduced into the second storage tank 901 through the air inlet pipe 904, which increases the pressure inside the tank, thereby controlling the outflow rate and flow of lime slurry and ensuring the accuracy of the dosage so as to precisely adjust the pH value of the wastewater to the ideal range of 9-10.

[0105] When the pH value reaches the target value or the reagent addition is completed, the second electric push rod 909 drives the sealing plate 903 to slide in the opposite direction, causing the liquid outlet 906 and the liquid outlet 907 to be misaligned again, thereby stopping the addition of lime slurry.

[0106] It should be noted that both the first electric push rod 802 and the second electric push rod 909 are existing technologies. They are used in conjunction with magnetic switches, proximity switches or photoelectric switches to achieve precise control of the push rod's extension and retraction displacement. Those skilled in the art can set them according to actual needs.

[0107] The neutralization section also includes a second stirring frame 905 rotatably installed in the second storage box 901. During and before the addition of lime slurry, the second stirring frame 905 is driven by an external motor to continuously add lime slurry at a suitable speed, so that the lime slurry is always kept in an emulsified state.

[0108] Arc-shaped plates 902 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the second storage tank 901. The water sprayed from the nozzle 17 is directed toward the arc-shaped plates 902. After the water flow hits the arc-shaped plates 902, it will form a water flow that spreads downwards at an angle, which will mix more thoroughly with the lime slurry flowing out from the outlet pipe 908, further improving the contact area and reaction efficiency between the reagent and the wastewater, and ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of pH adjustment.

[0109] In the middle of the neutralization section, a third stirring rack can be installed. Its stirring blades are designed with a large surface area and a slow stirring speed. Its main function is to promote the full reaction between heavy metal ions and hydroxide ions in the wastewater to form stable hydroxide precipitates, while avoiding damage to the precipitate particles caused by violent stirring, thus laying the foundation for subsequent precipitation separation.

[0110] In addition, the rear end of the neutralization section is provided with an auxiliary isolation plate 10 fixed between the inner walls on both sides of the tank body 1. The auxiliary isolation plate 10 is also "S" shaped, and a curved water flow channel is formed between the adjacent plates. When the wastewater containing hydroxide precipitate after neutralization flows through this place, the "S" shaped flow channel design can effectively slow down the water flow speed and promote the larger hydroxide precipitate particles to settle in advance under the action of gravity.

[0111] Meanwhile, the curved path increases the contact opportunities between the water flow and the plate, and some of the small particles that have not settled will collide with the plate surface and be intercepted, thereby reducing the number of particles entering the chemical precipitation section and preventing them from interfering with the subsequent sulfide precipitation reaction. This ensures that the chemical precipitation section can focus more on removing specific heavy metal ions such as mercury and cadmium.

[0112] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The chemical precipitation section includes a neutralization solution inlet pipe 3, which is located at the front and rear ends of the chemical precipitation section and is fixedly installed between the inner walls of both sides of the tank body 1 for discharging the neutralization solution. Multiple nozzles 17 are provided on both sides of the neutralization solution inlet pipe 3.

[0113] When wastewater containing hydroxide precipitates enters the chemical precipitation section, nozzle 17 of the neutralization solution inlet pipe 3 sprays sulfide solutions (such as sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, etc.) into the water. Sulfide ions (S²⁻) can undergo specific chemical reactions with residual heavy metal ions such as mercury and cadmium in the wastewater to form sulfide precipitates (such as HgS, CdS) with very small solubility products.

[0114] These sulfide precipitates are typically finer than hydroxide precipitates, but their settling properties remain good.

[0115] After treatment by the chemical precipitation section, heavy metal ions such as mercury and cadmium in the wastewater that are difficult to remove through neutralization and precipitation are further transformed into stable sulfide precipitates, thereby achieving in-depth treatment of heavy metal pollution.

[0116] The present invention is used in the following steps:

[0117] S1: Wastewater is added to the pool 1 through the inlet pipe 2. At this time, the movable end of the second electric push rod 909 will drive the sealing plate 903 to slide on the bottom inner wall of the second storage box 901, so that the liquid outlet 906 gradually aligns with the liquid outlet 907.

[0118] S2: When the two are fully aligned, the lime slurry stored in the second storage tank 901 flows into the outlet pipe 908 through the liquid inlet 906 and the liquid outlet 907. At this time, the wastewater sprayed from the nozzle 17 on the water inlet pipe 2 will directly contact the lime slurry. Under the impact and mixing of the water flow, the lime slurry can be quickly and evenly dispersed into the wastewater and begin to react, so that most of the heavy metal ions (such as zinc, copper and nickel) in the wastewater combine with hydroxide ions to form insoluble hydroxide precipitates.

[0119] S3: Under the action of water pressure difference, it slowly flows into the chemical precipitation section through the flow channel formed by the upper baffle plate 11 and the lower baffle plate 12;

[0120] S4: The nozzle 17 of the neutralization solution addition pipe 3 will spray sulfide solution into the water. The sulfide ions will undergo a specific chemical reaction with the residual heavy metal ions such as mercury and cadmium in the wastewater to generate sulfide precipitates with very small solubility products.

[0121] S5: The treated wastewater continues to flow backward and enters the flocculation and sedimentation section. The flocculant is sprayed into the wastewater through the flocculation solution inlet pipe 4, which causes the tiny suspended solids and colloidal substances in the wastewater to initially coagulate and form tiny flocs.

[0122] S6: Subsequently, the movable end of the first electric push rod 802 extends downward, driving the blocking frame 805 to move downward, so that the crystal nucleus particles in the first storage box 801 are evenly dispersed and added to the middle water of the flocculation sedimentation section through the first discharge port 803. These crystal nucleus particles adsorb and aggregate tiny suspended matter and colloids, promoting the formation and growth of flocs.

[0123] S7: Next, the coagulant aid solution is added to pipe 5 to spray the coagulant aid into the water body that has initially formed small flocs. It is fully mixed with the flocs under the action of crystal nuclei, which further promotes the flocs to aggregate and grow, forming alum flocs with a compact structure and better settling performance.

[0124] S8: During this process, the first stirring rack 13 continues to rotate, stirring the water at a moderate speed to ensure that the flocculant, coagulant aid and crystal nuclei are quickly and evenly mixed with the wastewater, creating favorable conditions for the formation of flocs.

[0125] S9: Finally, the relatively clear water flows upward. The smaller, lighter floating flocs will first be entangled and adsorbed by the interlaced yarns 703, thus being intercepted. Some of the floating flocs that cross the yarns 703 will continuously collide and gather in the "S"-shaped channel 702, gradually increasing in size, and eventually sinking to the bottom of the pool due to gravity. The clear water after layers of interception and sedimentation is discharged from the outlet pipe 6 at the rear end of the flocculation and sedimentation section, completing the entire wastewater treatment process.

[0126] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0127] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power plant wastewater treatment device, comprising a tank (1), characterized in that, The pool body (1) includes: The neutralization section, located at the front end of the pool body (1), is used to neutralize wastewater; The chemical precipitation section, located in the middle of the pool (1), is used to generate sulfides; The flocculation and sedimentation section is located at the rear end of the tank (1) and is used for solid-liquid separation; The neutralization section, chemical precipitation section and flocculation precipitation section are separated by an upper barrier plate (11) and a lower barrier plate (12), and the aqueous solution after each section is treated is allowed to flow to the rear end; The chemical precipitation section includes: The outlet pipe (6) is located at the rear end of the pool body (1) and is used to discharge the supernatant; The blocking and isolation module (7) is located at the front end of the water outlet pipe (6) and is used to block the floating flocculent material from moving upward. The cleaning module (14) is located at the front end of the barrier isolation module (7) and is used to clean the fibrous material blocked by the barrier isolation module (7); And an auxiliary sedimentation module (8), located in the middle of the flocculation sedimentation section, is used to adsorb the suspended flocculent matter as it falls.

2. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The barrier isolation module (7) includes: Multiple baffles (701) are fixedly installed between the inner walls of both sides of the pool body (1), and a channel (702) is formed between two adjacent baffles (701). Both the multiple baffles (701) and the channel (702) are "S" shaped. The yarn (703) is located on the opposite side of two adjacent baffles (701), and the length of multiple yarns (703) exceeds half the width of the channel (702), and the yarns (703) on both sides are staggered.

3. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning module (14) includes: Two guide rods (1401) are fixedly installed between the inner walls of the two sides of the pool body (1), and a connecting frame (1402) is slidably installed on the guide rods (1401). A multi-section hydraulic cylinder (1403) is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the pool body (1), and the movable end of the multi-section hydraulic cylinder (1403) is fixed to the connecting frame (1402); The scraper (1404) is located inside the channel (702) and is fixedly installed at the other end of the connecting frame (1402). When the scraper (1404) moves inside the channel (702), it cleans the lint attached to the yarn (703). The top of the scraper (1404) facing the yarn (703) is a guide part (1405), which is used to prevent the lint from floating upward during scraping.

4. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary precipitation module (8) includes: The first storage box (801) is fixedly installed on the top of the pool body (1). The bottom of the first storage box (801) is the first discharge port (803). Above the first discharge port (803), the surrounding area of ​​the first storage box (801) is a guide slope (804). The first electric push rod (802) is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the first storage box (801); The blocking frame (805) is slidably installed in the first discharge port (803), and its top is fixed to the movable end of the first electric push rod (802). The bottom of the blocking frame (805) is a flat closed part (8052) and a conical head (8051) with a pointed tip.

5. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flocculation and sedimentation section further includes: The flocculation solution inlet pipe (4) is located at the front end of the flocculation sedimentation section and is used to discharge the flocculation solution; The coagulant solution inlet pipe (5) is located at the middle of the flocculation and sedimentation section and is used to discharge the coagulant solution. Among them, the auxiliary precipitation module (8) is located above the coagulation aid solution inlet pipe (5); The first stirring rack (13) is rotatably installed above and below the flocculation solution inlet pipe (4) and below the coagulation aid inlet pipe (5).

6. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The neutralization section includes: The inlet pipe (2) is located at the front end of the neutralization section and is used to discharge wastewater into the pool body (1); The pH value raising and filling module (9) is located above the water inlet pipe (2) and is used to fill the pH value adjusting emulsion; An auxiliary isolation plate (10) is located at the rear end of the neutralization section to block particles from flowing into the chemical precipitation section; The pH-enhancing injection module (9) includes: The second storage box (901) is fixedly installed on the top of the pool body (1) and located above the water inlet pipe (2). The bottom of the second storage box (901) is provided with multiple liquid outlet holes (907). The liquid outlet pipe (908) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second storage box (901) and connected to the liquid outlet hole (907); A sealing plate (903) is slidably installed on the bottom inner wall of the second storage box (901). A liquid outlet (906) is opened through the bottom of the sealing plate (903). When the liquid outlet (906) and the liquid outlet (907) are completely misaligned, the emulsion in the second storage box (901) cannot be discharged. The second electric push rod (909) is fixedly installed on the top of the pool body (1), and the movable end of the second electric push rod (909) is fixed to one end of the sealing plate (903) that passes through the second storage box (901); Arc-shaped plates (902) are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the second storage box (901); The second stirring rack (905) is rotatably installed on the inner walls of both sides of the second storage box (901); An air intake pipe (904) is fixedly installed on the top of the second storage box (901) and is used to pressurize the second storage box (901).

7. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The chemical precipitation section includes a neutralization solution inlet pipe (3), located at the front and rear ends of the chemical precipitation section, and fixedly installed between the inner walls of both sides of the tank body (1) for discharging the neutralization solution.

8. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly also includes a scraper (15), which is slidably installed in the channel (702) and detachably installed with the scraper (1404) via a connecting plate (16).

9. The power plant wastewater treatment equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple nozzles (17) are fixedly installed on both sides of the water inlet pipe (2), the neutralization solution inlet pipe (3), the flocculation solution inlet pipe (4), and the coagulant inlet pipe (5).

10. A method for treating power plant wastewater, applicable to the power plant wastewater treatment equipment described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Introduce the power plant wastewater into the neutralization section of the pool (1), add an appropriate amount of neutralizing agent to the neutralization section, adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 9-10, so that most of the heavy metal ions in the wastewater combine with hydroxide ions to form insoluble hydroxide precipitates. Step 2: After neutralization, the wastewater slowly flows into the chemical precipitation section through the flow channel formed by the upper baffle plate (11) and the lower baffle plate (12) between the neutralization section and the chemical precipitation section under the action of water pressure difference. Step 3: Add sulfide precipitants to the chemical precipitation section. These precipitants react chemically with heavy metal ions in the wastewater that do not readily form hydroxide precipitates, generating even more insoluble sulfide precipitates. Step 4: The treated wastewater continues to flow into the flocculation and sedimentation section. Flocculant is added at the front end of the flocculation and sedimentation section and coagulant aid is added in the middle. After thorough stirring and mixing, the tiny suspended solids and colloidal substances in the wastewater will agglomerate into large flocs. Step 5: At this time, the auxiliary sedimentation module (8) located in the middle of the flocculation sedimentation section begins to play its role. The auxiliary sedimentation module (8) will add fine particles with high specific surface area. These particles act as crystal nuclei. Under the action of stirring, the tiny suspended matter and colloids in the water will be adsorbed onto their surface, thereby making the overall particles larger and heavier, and accelerating the sedimentation speed. Step Six: As the water flows forward, the wastewater containing alum flocs enters the rear end of the flocculation and sedimentation section. The larger alum floc particles naturally settle to the bottom of the pool under the action of gravity, forming sedimented sludge, while the relatively clear water flows upward. Step 7: When relatively clear water flows upward, the blocking and isolation module (7) will effectively intercept the flocculent material that has not yet settled and is floating in the water, preventing it from entering the outlet pipe (6) along with the water.

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