Organic water-soluble fertilizer with high water and fertilizer retention and preparation method of organic water-soluble fertilizer
By using additive A, which consists of sodium bentonite and dandelion root extract, and additive B, which consists of gypsum powder and Artemisia argyi active ingredients, the problems of nutrient loss from water-soluble fertilizers and soil compaction were solved, achieving efficient nutrient fixation and soil improvement, and enhancing fertilizer utilization and soil water retention capacity.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG QIANFENG AGRI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing water-soluble fertilizers suffer from problems such as easy nutrient loss, poor slow-release effect, and soil compaction, while traditional water-retaining agents may cause environmental pollution.
Additive A, which uses sodium-based bentonite as a framework, forms a stable complex with dandelion root extract. Additive B forms a porous carrier and contains active ingredients of Artemisia argyi through gypsum powder. Combined with potassium humate, seaweed extract, etc., a multi-level nutrient fixation and soil improvement mechanism is formed.
It improves fertilizer utilization and soil fertility, avoids soil compaction and environmental pollution, and achieves stable fixation and slow release of nutrients.
Smart Images
Figure CN121949032A_ABST
Abstract
Description
A water-soluble organic fertilizer with high water and fertilizer retention and its preparation method Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer technology, specifically to an organic water-soluble fertilizer with high water and fertilizer retention and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Water-soluble fertilizers, as a type of fast-acting fertilizer that can completely dissolve in water, allow nutrients to be directly absorbed by crop roots or leaves with irrigation water. They have advantages such as high utilization rate, convenient application, and rapid effect, and have been widely used in modern intensive agriculture and water-saving irrigation systems.
[0003] Existing technologies for conventional water-soluble fertilizers still have some shortcomings. For example, their rapid dissolution and release characteristics lead to easy leaching or volatilization of nutrients with water, making it difficult to further improve fertilizer utilization. Commercially available water-retaining functional fertilizers often enhance water retention by adding high-molecular-weight water-retaining agents such as polyacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate. While these materials can absorb water, their specific adsorption capacity for nutrient molecules is weak, resulting in poor slow-release effects. Furthermore, long-term, large-scale use can cause soil compaction and environmental pollution. Therefore, this invention provides a highly water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an organic water-soluble fertilizer with high water and fertilizer retention capacity and its preparation method. The organic water-soluble fertilizer prepared by this invention not only has good water retention and water locking capacity, but also effectively fixes nutrients to prevent loss, thereby effectively improving fertilizer utilization efficiency and soil fertility.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Firstly, a high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts potassium humate, 10-20 parts seaweed extract powder, 5-15 parts polyglutamic acid powder, 100-200 parts macro-element water-soluble fertilizer, 2-8 parts additive A, and 5-15 parts additive B; the raw materials of additive A include sodium bentonite powder, citric acid aqueous solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, diatomaceous earth, acrylic acid solution, and additive liquid; the raw materials of additive B include gypsum powder and treatment liquid.
[0006] Further, the additive A is prepared by the following method: sodium-based bentonite powder and citric acid aqueous solution are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(5-8), soaked for 3 hours, filtered, and the filter residue is dried. The filter residue is mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at a mass ratio of 1:(3-5), and diatomaceous earth is added to obtain a suspension. The suspension is heated to 60-75°C, and an acrylic acid solution with a mass concentration of 5-10% is added under stirring. After reacting for 35-55 minutes, the additive solution is added, and the reaction continues for 2-4 hours to obtain the reaction material. The reaction slurry is centrifuged to separate the precipitate, and the precipitate is dried at 80-100°C to constant weight. Then, it is transferred to an ultra-micro pulverizer and pulverized to a particle size of 50-100 nm to obtain additive A.
[0007] Further, the additive solution is prepared by the following method: pulverize dried dandelion roots, pass them through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain dandelion root powder, mix the dandelion root powder with a 60% ethanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:(8-12), reflux extract at 75-85℃ 2-3 times, 1-2 hours each time, combine the extracts and filter, collect the filtrate to obtain the first extract, concentrate the first extract under reduced pressure at 50-60℃ to 10-20% of its original volume to obtain the first concentrate, add 1-3% by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the first concentrate, react at 40-50℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain the additive solution.
[0008] Further, the additive B is prepared by the following method: gypsum powder is placed in a mixing granulator, and the treatment liquid is added to the gypsum powder by spraying, while 20-30% of deionized water by mass of the gypsum powder is added. Under the rolling of the granulator, wet particles with a particle size of 0.3-0.6 mm are formed. The wet particles are dried at 105-120℃ to constant weight and cooled to obtain additive B, wherein the mass of the treatment liquid is 8-15% of the mass of the gypsum powder.
[0009] Further, the treatment solution is prepared by the following method: dried Artemisia argyi whole herb is cut into sections and mixed with a 50% methanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:(10-15). The mixture is ultrasonically extracted at 60-70℃ for 1-2 hours, filtered to obtain a second extract, and the residue is extracted once more. The two second extracts are combined, and the second extract is concentrated under reduced pressure at 40-50℃ to 20% of its original volume to obtain a second concentrate. 0.5-1.5% by volume of silane coupling agent KH-560 is added to the second concentrate, and the mixture is reacted at 50-60℃ for 3-5 hours. Then, propolis solution and vitamin E are added, and the mixture is stirred at 50-55℃ for 1-1.5 hours. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature to obtain the treatment solution. The mass of the propolis solution is 0.3-0.8% of the mass of the second concentrate, and the mass of vitamin E is 0.1-0.2% of the mass of the second concentrate.
[0010] Further, the propolis solution is prepared by the following method: after crushing propolis, it is mixed with a 95% ethanol solution at a mass ratio of 1:(8-10), extracted at 25-30℃ for 24 hours, filtered to obtain filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 40-45℃ to 30% of the original volume to obtain the propolis solution.
[0011] Furthermore, the gypsum powder needs to be pretreated before the reaction, including the following steps: take gypsum powder, add a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 5-8%, react for 30-40 minutes, calcine at 80-90℃ for 1.5-2 hours to obtain an intermediate product, add ammonium humate and lignin fiber to the intermediate product, stir at 300 rpm for 15-20 minutes to obtain a mixture, mix the mixture with deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:(3-4), knead for 15-20 minutes, granulate by roller pressing, and vacuum dry at 60-70℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated gypsum powder, wherein the mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8-12% of the mass of the gypsum powder, the mass of the ammonium humate is 3-5% of the mass of the intermediate product, and the mass of the lignin fiber is 2-4% of the mass of the intermediate product.
[0012] Further, the citric acid aqueous solution has a mass concentration of 0.3-0.5%, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution has a mass concentration of 0.5-1.0%.
[0013] Furthermore, the mass of the diatomaceous earth is 4-7% of the mass of the sodium bentonite powder, the mass of the acrylic acid solution is 2-4% of the mass of the sodium bentonite powder, and the mass of the additive liquid is 20-40% of the mass of the sodium bentonite powder.
[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer, characterized by the following steps: Step 1: Potassium humate, seaweed extract powder, polyglutamic acid powder, and macro-element water-soluble fertilizer are mixed in a three-dimensional mixer for 30-60 minutes to obtain a premix; Step 2: The premix, additive A, and additive B are added to a V-type mixer and mixed for 20-40 minutes under conditions of ambient humidity below 60% and temperature below 40°C. After mixing, the mixture is metered and packaged to obtain a high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, additive A uses sodium-based bentonite as a framework. Its layered structure fixes nutrient ions such as ammonium and potassium through ion exchange and adsorption. At the same time, the dandelion root extract in the additive solution is rich in multifunctional active ingredients, which can act as a natural chelating agent to form stable complexes with nutrient ions, reducing nutrient loss. In addition, additive A is prepared through acrylic acid polymerization, which can strongly bind water molecules through hydrogen bonds, so that the prepared water-soluble fertilizer has good nutrient retention and water regulation capabilities, thereby improving fertilizer utilization.
[0016] 2. In this invention, additive B is based on a porous carrier formed by pretreated gypsum and loaded with Artemisia argyi active ingredients. It relies on the microporous structure of gypsum itself to physically adsorb water and nutrients. The flavonoids, organic acids and surfactants in Artemisia argyi extract can reduce the interfacial tension between soil particles. Its polysaccharides, polyphenols and other substances have adhesive properties and can form a flexible cementing layer between particles, thereby promoting the aggregation between soil particles, improving soil permeability and water retention capacity, realizing the slow and synchronous release of water and nutrients in the soil, and effectively improving fertilizer utilization and drought resistance.
[0017] 3. In this invention, the core functional additives are made primarily from natural minerals and plant extracts, which avoids the risks of soil compaction and environmental pollution that may be caused by traditional synthetic polymer water-retaining agents. At the same time, the organic components such as potassium humate, seaweed extract, and polyglutamic acid in the formula work synergistically with the additives to not only provide nutrients but also activate the soil, promote microbial activity, and improve soil structure, thus achieving a combination of land use and land conservation. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an organic water-soluble fertilizer with high water and fertilizer retention capacity and its preparation method proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] It should be noted that the raw materials used in the following embodiments are all commercially available.
[0021] Example 1: Preparation of the additive solution: Dried dandelion root was pulverized and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain dandelion root powder. The dandelion root powder was mixed with a 60% ethanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:8 and extracted twice by reflux at 75°C for 1 hour each time. The extracts were combined and filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain the first extract. The first extract was concentrated under reduced pressure at 50°C to 10% of its original volume to obtain the first concentrate. 1% by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added to the first concentrate, and the mixture was reacted at 40°C for 4 hours to obtain the additive solution.
[0022] Preparation of Additive A: Sodium-based bentonite powder and citric acid aqueous solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:5, soaked for 3 hours, filtered, and the filter residue was dried. The filter residue was mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at a mass ratio of 1:3, and diatomaceous earth was added to obtain a suspension. The suspension was heated to 60°C, and a 5% acrylic acid solution was added while stirring. After reacting for 35 minutes, the additive solution was added, and the reaction was continued for 2 hours to obtain the reaction material. The reaction slurry was centrifuged to separate the precipitate, and the precipitate was dried at 80°C to constant weight. Then, it was transferred to an ultrafine pulverizer and pulverized to a particle size of 50 nm to obtain Additive A.
[0023] The citric acid aqueous solution has a mass concentration of 0.3%, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution has a mass concentration of 0.5%.
[0024] The diatomaceous earth comprises 4% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, the acrylic acid solution comprises 2% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, and the additive comprises 20% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder.
[0025] Pretreatment of gypsum powder: Take gypsum powder, add 5% sodium hydroxide solution, react for 30 min, and then calcine at 80℃ for 1.5 h to obtain an intermediate product. Add ammonium humate and lignin fiber to the intermediate product, stir at 300 rpm for 15 min to obtain a mixture. Mix the mixture with deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:3, knead for 15 min, granulate by roller pressing, and vacuum dry at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated gypsum powder. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8% of the mass of the gypsum powder, the mass of the ammonium humate is 3% of the mass of the intermediate product, and the mass of the lignin fiber is 2% of the mass of the intermediate product.
[0026] Preparation of propolis solution: Powdered propolis was mixed with 95% ethanol solution at a mass ratio of 1:8 and extracted at 25℃ for 24 hours. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40℃ to 30% of its original volume to obtain propolis solution.
[0027] Preparation of the treatment solution: The dried Artemisia argyi whole herb was cut into sections and mixed with a 50% methanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:10. The mixture was ultrasonically extracted at 60℃ for 1 hour, and filtered to obtain a second extract. The residue was extracted once more, and the two second extracts were combined. The second extract was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40℃ to 20% of its original volume to obtain a second concentrate. 0.5% by volume of silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the second concentrate, and the mixture was reacted at 50℃ for 3 hours. Subsequently, propolis solution and vitamin E were added, and the mixture was stirred at 50℃ for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the treatment solution was obtained. The mass of the propolis solution was 0.3% of the mass of the second concentrate, and the mass of vitamin E was 0.1% of the mass of the second concentrate.
[0028] Preparation of Additive B: Take gypsum powder and place it in a mixing granulator. Add the treatment liquid to the gypsum powder by spraying. At the same time, add 20% of the mass of deionized water of the gypsum powder. Under the rolling of the granulator, wet particles with a particle size of 0.3 mm are formed. Dry the wet particles at 105°C to constant weight and cool to obtain Additive B. The mass of the treatment liquid is 8% of the mass of the gypsum powder.
[0029] Raw material preparation: 30 parts potassium humate, 10 parts seaweed extract powder, 5 parts polyglutamic acid powder, 100 parts water-soluble fertilizer containing macronutrients, 2 parts additive A and 5 parts additive B; Preparation of high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer: Step 1: Mix potassium humate, seaweed extract powder, polyglutamic acid powder and water-soluble fertilizer containing macronutrients in a three-dimensional mixer for 30 minutes to obtain a premix; Step 2: Add the premix, additive A and additive B to a V-type mixer and mix for 20 minutes under conditions of ambient humidity below 60% and temperature below 40℃. After mixing, measure and package to obtain high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer.
[0030] Example 2: Preparation of the additive solution: Dried dandelion roots were pulverized and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain dandelion root powder. The dandelion root powder was mixed with a 60% ethanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:10 and extracted by reflux at 80°C for 3 times, 1.5 hours each time. The extracts were combined and filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain the first extract. The first extract was concentrated under reduced pressure at 55°C to 15% of its original volume to obtain the first concentrate. 2% by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added to the first concentrate, and the mixture was reacted at 45°C for 5 hours to obtain the additive solution.
[0031] Preparation of Additive A: Sodium-based bentonite powder and citric acid aqueous solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:6, soaked for 3 hours, filtered, and the filter residue was dried. The filter residue was mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at a mass ratio of 1:4, and diatomaceous earth was added to obtain a suspension. The suspension was heated to 70°C, and an 8% acrylic acid solution was added while stirring. After reacting for 45 minutes, the additive solution was added, and the reaction was continued for 3 hours to obtain the reaction material. The reaction slurry was centrifuged to separate the precipitate, and the precipitate was dried at 90°C to constant weight. Then, it was transferred to an ultrafine pulverizer and pulverized to a particle size of 75 nm to obtain Additive A.
[0032] The citric acid aqueous solution has a mass concentration of 0.4%, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution has a mass concentration of 0.7%.
[0033] The diatomaceous earth comprises 6% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, the acrylic acid solution comprises 3% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, and the additive comprises 30% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder.
[0034] Pretreatment of gypsum powder: Take gypsum powder, add 7% sodium hydroxide solution, react for 35 min, and then calcine at 85℃ for 2 h to obtain an intermediate product. Add ammonium humate and lignin fiber to the intermediate product, stir at 300 rpm for 17 min to obtain a mixture. Mix the mixture with deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:3.5, knead for 17 min, granulate by roller pressing, and vacuum dry at 65℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated gypsum powder. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10% of the mass of the gypsum powder, the mass of the ammonium humate is 4% of the mass of the intermediate product, and the mass of the lignin fiber is 3% of the mass of the intermediate product.
[0035] Preparation of propolis solution: Powdered propolis was mixed with 95% ethanol solution at a mass ratio of 1:9 and extracted at 28℃ for 24 hours. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure at 42℃ to 30% of its original volume to obtain propolis solution.
[0036] Preparation of the treatment solution: The dried Artemisia argyi whole herb was cut into sections and mixed with a 50% methanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:12. The mixture was ultrasonically extracted at 65℃ for 1.5 h, filtered to obtain a second extract, and the residue was extracted once more. The two second extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure at 45℃ to 20% of the original volume to obtain a second concentrate. 1% of the volume of silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the second concentrate, and the mixture was reacted at 55℃ for 4 h. Subsequently, propolis solution and vitamin E were added, and the mixture was stirred at 52℃ for 1.5 h. After cooling to room temperature, the treatment solution was obtained. The mass of the propolis solution was 0.5% of the mass of the second concentrate, and the mass of vitamin E was 0.15% of the mass of the second concentrate.
[0037] Preparation of Additive B: Take gypsum powder and place it in a mixing granulator. Add the treatment liquid to the gypsum powder by spraying, and add deionized water accounting for 25% of the mass of the gypsum powder. Under the rolling of the granulator, wet particles with a particle size of 0.5 mm are formed. Dry the wet particles at 110°C to constant weight and cool to obtain Additive B. The mass of the treatment liquid is 12% of the mass of the gypsum powder.
[0038] Raw material preparation: 40 parts potassium humate, 15 parts seaweed extract powder, 10 parts polyglutamic acid powder, 150 parts water-soluble fertilizer containing macronutrients, 6 parts additive A and 10 parts additive B; Preparation of high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer: Step 1: Mix potassium humate, seaweed extract powder, polyglutamic acid powder and water-soluble fertilizer containing macronutrients in a three-dimensional mixer for 45 minutes to obtain a premix; Step 2: Add the premix, additive A and additive B to a V-type mixer and mix for 30 minutes under conditions of ambient humidity below 60% and temperature below 40℃. After mixing, measure and package to obtain high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer.
[0039] Example 3: Preparation of the additive solution: Dried dandelion roots were pulverized and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain dandelion root powder. The dandelion root powder was mixed with a 60% ethanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:12 and extracted by reflux at 85°C for 2 hours each time. The extracts were combined and filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain the first extract. The first extract was concentrated under reduced pressure at 60°C to 20% of its original volume to obtain the first concentrate. 3% by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added to the first concentrate, and the mixture was reacted at 50°C for 6 hours to obtain the additive solution.
[0040] Preparation of Additive A: Sodium-based bentonite powder and citric acid aqueous solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:8, soaked for 3 hours, filtered, and the filter residue was dried. The filter residue was mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at a mass ratio of 1:5, and diatomaceous earth was added to obtain a suspension. The suspension was heated to 75°C, and a 10% acrylic acid solution was added while stirring. After reacting for 55 minutes, the additive solution was added, and the reaction was continued for 4 hours to obtain the reaction material. The reaction slurry was centrifuged to separate the precipitate, and the precipitate was dried at 100°C to constant weight. Then, it was transferred to an ultrafine pulverizer and pulverized to a particle size of 100 nm to obtain Additive A.
[0041] The citric acid aqueous solution has a mass concentration of 0.5%, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution has a mass concentration of 1.0%.
[0042] The diatomaceous earth comprises 7% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, the acrylic acid solution comprises 4% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, and the additive comprises 40% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder.
[0043] Pretreatment of gypsum powder: Take gypsum powder, add 8% sodium hydroxide solution, react for 40 min, and calcine at 90℃ for 2 h to obtain an intermediate product. Add ammonium humate and lignin fiber to the intermediate product, stir at 300 rpm for 20 min to obtain a mixture. Mix the mixture with deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:4, knead for 20 min, granulate by roller pressing, and vacuum dry at 70℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated gypsum powder. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 12% of the mass of the gypsum powder, the mass of the ammonium humate is 5% of the mass of the intermediate product, and the mass of the lignin fiber is 4% of the mass of the intermediate product.
[0044] Preparation of propolis solution: Powdered propolis was mixed with 95% ethanol solution at a mass ratio of 1:10 and extracted at 30℃ for 24 hours. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure at 45℃ to 30% of its original volume to obtain propolis solution.
[0045] Preparation of the treatment solution: The dried Artemisia argyi whole herb was cut into sections and mixed with a 50% methanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:15. The mixture was ultrasonically extracted at 70℃ for 2 hours. The extract was filtered to obtain a second extract. The residue was extracted once more. The two second extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure at 50℃ to 20% of the original volume to obtain a second concentrate. 1.5% by volume of silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the second concentrate, and the mixture was reacted at 60℃ for 5 hours. Then, propolis solution and vitamin E were added, and the mixture was stirred at 55℃ for 1.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the treatment solution was obtained. The mass of the propolis solution was 0.8% of the mass of the second concentrate, and the mass of vitamin E was 0.2% of the mass of the second concentrate.
[0046] Preparation of Additive B: Take gypsum powder and place it in a mixing granulator. Add the treatment liquid to the gypsum powder by spraying, and add deionized water at 30% of the mass of the gypsum powder. Under the rolling of the granulator, wet granules with a particle size of 0.6 mm are formed. Dry the wet granules at 120°C to constant weight and cool to obtain Additive B. The mass of the treatment liquid is 15% of the mass of the gypsum powder.
[0047] Raw material preparation: 50 parts potassium humate, 20 parts seaweed extract powder, 15 parts polyglutamic acid powder, 200 parts water-soluble fertilizer containing macronutrients, 8 parts additive A and 15 parts additive B; Preparation of high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer: Step 1: Mix potassium humate, seaweed extract powder, polyglutamic acid powder and water-soluble fertilizer containing macronutrients in a three-dimensional mixer for 60 minutes to obtain a premix; Step 2: Add the premix, additive A and additive B to a V-type mixer and mix for 40 minutes under ambient humidity below 60% and temperature below 40℃. After mixing, measure and package to obtain high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer.
[0048] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain additive A.
[0049] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain additive B.
[0050] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that the preparation of additive A in this comparative example does not include an additive liquid.
[0051] Performance testing: The high water-retention and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to performance testing, and the test data are recorded in the table below: Table 1
[0052] In the performance test, the water absorption ratio was determined as follows: the prepared fertilizer sample was weighed and placed in an excess of simulated soil extract for full water absorption until swelling equilibrium was reached. After draining until no continuous droplets fell, the sample was weighed. The water absorption ratio was calculated as (mass after liquid absorption - dry sample mass) / dry sample mass × 100%. The nitrogen retention rate was determined as follows: the static adsorption method was used. The fertilizer sample was mixed with a nitrogen-containing solution, and the mixture was shaken at a constant temperature until adsorption equilibrium was reached. After centrifugation, the decrease in nitrogen content in the supernatant was measured, and the nitrogen adsorption retention rate of the sample was calculated. The content of water-stable aggregates in the soil was determined as follows: according to LY / T 1227-1999, the content was determined by wet sieving method and expressed as the percentage of the mass of water-stable aggregates with a particle size >0.25mm in the total soil mass.
[0053] According to the data in the performance test table of the present invention, the water absorption ratio and nitrogen leaching residue rate of the high water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 are significantly better than those in Comparative Examples 1-3, indicating that additive A and additive B play a key synergistic role in water and fertilizer retention in this system.
[0054] Among them, Comparative Example 1, which contained no additive A, showed a significant decrease in water absorption ratio. This indicates that additive A provided the main chemical water absorption and physical water storage space for the system. Its absence directly led to a severe decline in the overall water holding capacity of the fertilizer. At the same time, the nitrogen leaching residue rate of Comparative Example 1 was also at the lowest level. This further illustrates the key role of additive A in nutrient fixation. The ion exchange sites of bentonite and the multifunctional organic components contained in the silane-coupled dandelion root extract can produce multi-level adsorption of nutrient molecules, effectively slowing down the migration and loss rate of nutrients in the soil.
[0055] Comparative Example 2, which does not contain additive B, has a higher water absorption ratio than Comparative Example 1, but it is still lower than that of the other examples. This indicates that the gypsum particles formed by pretreatment in additive B provide additional storage space for water, complementing the water retention effect of additive A. This reflects that additive B promotes the formation of soil micro-aggregates through the loading of active ingredients such as Artemisia argyi extract, which indirectly improves the soil's water and fertilizer retention environment. Its physical adsorption and soil structure improvement effects have an auxiliary enhancing effect on the overall fertilizer retention performance of the system.
[0056] Comparative Example 3 did not introduce silane-coupled modified dandelion root extract when preparing additive A. Although most of its properties were better than those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, they were all inferior to those of the complete formulation example. This indicates that dandelion root extract is not a simple filler. Its rich polyphenols, polysaccharides and other active ingredients can more effectively bind with bentonite under the action of silane coupling agent, contributing hydrophilic groups and chelation sites.
[0057] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in the table, it can be seen that the high water-retention and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer prepared by this invention not only has good water retention and water-locking ability, but also effectively fixes nutrients and prevents loss. This indicates that the high water-retention and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer provided by this invention has a broader market prospect and is more suitable for promotion.
[0058] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims
1. A high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 30-50 parts potassium humate, 10-20 parts seaweed extract powder, 5-15 parts polyglutamic acid powder, 100-200 parts water-soluble fertilizer containing macro-elements, 2-8 parts additive A and 5-15 parts additive B; the raw materials of additive A include sodium bentonite powder, citric acid aqueous solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, diatomaceous earth, acrylic acid solution and additive liquid; the raw materials of additive B include gypsum powder and treatment liquid.
2. The high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Additive A is prepared by the following method: Sodium-based bentonite powder and citric acid aqueous solution are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(5-8), soaked for 3 hours, filtered, and the filter residue is dried. The filter residue is mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at a mass ratio of 1:(3-5), and diatomaceous earth is added to obtain a suspension. The suspension is heated to 60-75℃, and an acrylic acid solution with a mass concentration of 5-10% is added under stirring. After reacting for 35-55 minutes, the additive solution is added, and the reaction continues for 2-4 hours to obtain the reaction material. The reaction slurry is centrifuged to separate the precipitate, and the precipitate is dried at 80-100℃ to constant weight. Then, it is transferred to an ultra-micro pulverizer and pulverized to a particle size of 50-100 nm to obtain additive A.
3. The high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The additive solution is prepared by the following method: Dandelion root powder is obtained by crushing dried dandelion root and passing it through a 60-mesh sieve. The dandelion root powder is mixed with a 60% ethanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:(8-12) and extracted by reflux at 75-85℃ for 2-3 times, 1-2 hours each time. The extracts are combined and filtered, and the filtrate is collected to obtain the first extract. The first extract is concentrated under reduced pressure at 50-60℃ to 10-20% of its original volume to obtain the first concentrate. 1-3% by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is added to the first concentrate, and the mixture is reacted at 40-50℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain the additive solution.
4. The high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Additive B is prepared by the following method: gypsum powder is placed in a mixing granulator, and the treatment liquid is added to the gypsum powder by spraying. At the same time, 20-30% of deionized water by weight of gypsum powder is added. Under the rolling of the granulator, wet particles with a particle size of 0.3-0.6 mm are formed. The wet particles are dried at 105-120℃ to constant weight and cooled to obtain additive B. The mass of the treatment liquid is 8-15% of the mass of gypsum powder.
5. The high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The treatment solution is prepared by the following method: dried Artemisia argyi whole herb is cut into sections and mixed with a 50% methanol solution at a weight ratio of 1:(10-15). The mixture is ultrasonically extracted at 60-70℃ for 1-2 hours, filtered to obtain a second extract, and the residue is extracted once more. The two second extracts are combined, and the second extract is concentrated under reduced pressure at 40-50℃ to 20% of its original volume to obtain a second concentrate. 0.5-1.5% by volume of silane coupling agent KH-560 is added to the second concentrate, and the mixture is reacted at 50-60℃ for 3-5 hours. Then, propolis solution and vitamin E are added, and the mixture is stirred at 50-55℃ for 1-1.5 hours. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature to obtain the treatment solution. The mass of the propolis solution is 0.3-0.8% of the mass of the second concentrate, and the mass of vitamin E is 0.1-0.2% of the mass of the second concentrate.
6. The high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The propolis solution is prepared by the following method: after crushing propolis, it is mixed with a 95% ethanol solution at a mass ratio of 1:(8-10), extracted at 25-30℃ for 24 hours, filtered to obtain filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 40-45℃ to 30% of the original volume to obtain the propolis solution.
7. The high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gypsum powder needs to be pretreated before the reaction, including the following steps: take gypsum powder, add a 5-8% sodium hydroxide solution, react for 30-40 minutes, calcine at 80-90℃ for 1.5-2 hours to obtain an intermediate product, add ammonium humate and lignin fiber to the intermediate product, stir at 300 rpm for 15-20 minutes to obtain a mixture, mix the mixture with deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:(3-4), knead for 15-20 minutes, granulate by roller pressing, and vacuum dry at 60-70℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated gypsum powder, wherein the mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8-12% of the mass of the gypsum powder, the mass of the ammonium humate is 3-5% of the mass of the intermediate product, and the mass of the lignin fiber is 2-4% of the mass of the intermediate product.
8. The high water and fertilizer retention organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The citric acid aqueous solution has a mass concentration of 0.3-0.5%, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution has a mass concentration of 0.5-1.0%.
9. The high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diatomaceous earth is 4-7% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, the acrylic acid solution is 2-4% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder, and the additive liquid is 20-40% of the mass of sodium bentonite powder.
10. The method for preparing a high water-retention and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix potassium humate, seaweed extract powder, polyglutamic acid powder, and water-soluble fertilizer containing macro-elements in a three-dimensional mixer for 30-60 minutes to obtain a premix; Step 2: Add the premix, additive A, and additive B to a V-type mixer and mix for 20-40 minutes under conditions of ambient humidity below 60% and temperature below 40℃. After mixing, measure and package the mixture to obtain a high water- and fertilizer-retaining organic water-soluble fertilizer.