Logging instrument comprehensive test device and method capable of simulating real deep ground environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a logging instrument comprehensive test device and method capable of simulating a real deep ground environment. The device comprises a test cabin; the well flow module is used for conveying a simulated well flow medium into the test cabin; the heating module is used for heating the test cabin; a main body of the rock unit is a rock block with through holes, the rock block is internally provided with a prefabricated defect and / or a signal emission source connected with an underwater cable, the through holes are communicated to form a simulated well hole when the plurality of rock units are vertically stacked in the test cabin, two types of rock units are provided, one type of rock unit is provided with a cement layer and a sleeve at the through hole, and the other type of rock unit is a bare hole at the through hole; the driving mechanism is used for driving the logging instrument to move in the simulated well hole through the connecting shaft; the control module can control activation of one or more signal emission sources in a linkage mode according to the obtained movement speed and position of the logging instrument. The device can simulate a deep ground environment which is true enough and carry out a comprehensive test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drilling, specifically relating to a comprehensive logging instrument testing device and method that can simulate a real deep-earth environment. Background Technology

[0002] Well logging tools are specialized instruments used in the drilling field to measure geophysical information within wellbores. They can assess formation lithology, physical properties, oil-bearing characteristics, and provide important information for the exploration and development of mineral resources such as oil and natural gas.

[0003] As oil and gas exploration and development gradually penetrate deeper and ultra-deeper formations, logging tools will face severe challenges from the high-temperature and ultra-high-pressure environments at depths of tens of thousands of meters. Their reliable operation has become one of the key bottlenecks restricting deep-ground oil and gas drilling and production. Against this backdrop, in order to provide theoretical basis and experimental data support for the design and manufacturing of logging tools at depths of tens of thousands of meters, it is necessary to verify the reliability of logging tools under extreme environments.

[0004] However, current logging tool testing equipment can only conduct individual tests, and cannot conduct comprehensive tests or simulate the various influencing factors in the real deep-earth environment. That is, it cannot conduct comprehensive tests in a sufficiently realistic deep-earth environment, and cannot verify whether the logging tool has defects such as malfunction or inability to guarantee measurement accuracy in the deep-earth environment, nor can it verify the reliability of the logging tool in extreme environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive logging tool testing device that can simulate a real deep-earth environment, and a comprehensive logging tool testing method based on the above device that can simulate a real deep-earth environment. This device can simulate a sufficiently realistic deep-earth environment and conduct comprehensive tests.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: A comprehensive logging tool testing device capable of simulating a real deep-earth environment includes a test chamber, a well flow module, a heating module, rock units, a motion module, and a control module. The test chamber can withstand high temperatures and ultra-high pressures and can be opened and sealed shut. The well flow module is used to deliver simulated well flow medium at the required pressure into the test chamber. The heating module is used to heat the test chamber to the required temperature. The main body of the rock unit is a rock block with through holes. The rock block contains pre-fabricated defects and / or signal transmission sources connected to underwater cables. When several rock units are stacked vertically in the test chamber, the through holes are connected to form a simulated wellbore. There are two types of rock units: one type has a cement layer and casing at the through holes, and the other type has bare holes at the through holes. The motion module includes a connecting shaft and a drive mechanism. One end of the connecting shaft extends movably and sealed into the test chamber and can install one or more logging tools. The drive mechanism is used to drive the logging tools to move within the simulated wellbore through the connecting shaft. The control module is electrically connected to the underwater cables of the drive mechanism and each signal transmission source, and can control the activation of one or more signal transmission sources in conjunction with the acquired speed and position of the logging tools.

[0007] Preferably, the control module activates one or more signal transmitters in the next rock unit when the logging tool is about to enter the next rock unit from the previous rock unit, and deactivates the activated signal transmitters in the previous rock unit when the logging tool enters the next rock unit.

[0008] Preferably, the control module can also control the strength of the signal emitted by the signal transmitter.

[0009] Preferably, the upper end of the test chamber is open and detachably sealed by an upper cover. The upper cover is provided with an underwater electrical connector for electrically connecting the underwater cable and the control module. The underwater electrical connector has an interface for electrically connecting to the underwater cable on the inner side of the upper cover and an interface for electrically connecting to the control module on the outer side of the upper cover. The underwater electrical connector can withstand high temperature and ultra-high pressure.

[0010] Preferably, the inner and outer sides of the upper end cover are respectively provided with ultra-high pressure dynamic seals for cooperating with the connecting shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the well flow module delivers the simulated well flow medium at the required pressure into the test chamber through a pump and hydraulic system. The test chamber has an inlet and outlet for the simulated well flow medium. The heating module heats the interior of the test chamber by heating the outer surface of the test chamber. The test chamber is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure and a temperature sensor for detecting the internal temperature.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply and signal transmission lines of the logging tool are routed inside the connecting shaft and extend out of the connecting shaft in an area outside the test chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder and a reaction frame. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the test chamber via the reaction frame, and the telescopic end is connected to the connecting shaft, which is located inside the reaction frame.

[0014] Preferably, the simulated well flow medium is one or more of water, oil, and mud, and its component ratio and viscosity are set according to the experiment.

[0015] A comprehensive logging tool testing method capable of simulating a real deep-earth environment, based on the aforementioned comprehensive logging tool testing device capable of simulating a real deep-earth environment: First, select the type of rock unit and its internal prefabricated defects and / or signal transmission source according to the working environment of the logging instrument. Then, stack the rock units vertically in the test chamber to make the through holes connect to form a simulated well. Then, install one or more logging instruments. Then, the logging tool was first tested at room temperature and pressure, and the accuracy of the logging tool under measurement defects, single signal source and multiple signal sources was measured respectively. Then, a simulated well flow medium was introduced and the logging tool was tested at room temperature and pressure, and the accuracy of the logging tool under measurement defects, single signal source and multiple signal sources was measured respectively. Then, the test chamber was heated to a high temperature and ultra-high pressure was applied using a simulated well flow medium. The logging tool was tested under a high temperature and ultra-high pressure environment, and the accuracy of the logging tool under measurement defects, single signal source and multiple signal sources was measured respectively. Finally, the accuracy and reliability of the logging tool are evaluated based on the collected data.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This device can simulate sufficiently realistic deep-earth environments and conduct comprehensive tests: the test chamber provides a closed and reliable test space, and the well flow module and heating module can simulate well flow, pressure, and temperature within the test space. Crucially, the rock unit can be changed to simulate open-hole wells (used in simulated logging while drilling) and casing wells (used in simulated completion logging and production logging). It also includes pre-fabricated defects and signal emission sources, allowing for comprehensive testing of the logging tool's detection efficiency and accuracy under the influence of defects in the rock, single signal sources, and multiple signal sources. This enables comprehensive testing, and allows for the simultaneous testing of one or more logging tools, thus examining the combined impact of different signals or defects on a specific detection parameter or function of the logging tool. Therefore, this device can verify whether the logging tool malfunctions or cannot guarantee measurement accuracy in deep-earth environments, and can verify the reliability of the logging tool under extreme conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated testing device for logging instruments that can simulate the real deep-earth environment in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a rock unit in this invention, wherein a) is a rock unit with a cement layer and a casing at the through hole, and b) is a rock unit with a bare hole at the through hole.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Hydraulic cylinder; 2-Power supply and signal transmission line; 3-Connecting shaft; 4-Reaction frame; 5-Pressure sensor; 6-Test chamber; 7-Rock unit; 8-Temperature sensor; 9-Heating module; 10-Logging instrument; 11-Underwater cable; 12-Underwater electrical connector; 13-Ultra-high pressure dynamic seal; 14-Upper end cap; 15-Casing; 16-Cement layer; 17-Rock block; 18-Signal transmitter; 19-Pre-fabricated defect. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a comprehensive testing device for logging tools that can simulate real deep-earth environments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a test chamber 6, a well flow module, a heating module 9, a rock unit 7, a motion module, and a control module. Among them, the test chamber 6 can withstand high temperature and ultra-high pressure, and can be opened and sealed shut. Figure 1 The well flow module is used to deliver simulated well flow media at the required pressure into test chamber 6, see... Figure 1 Heating module 9 is used to heat test chamber 6 to the required temperature, see Figure 1 The main body of rock unit 7 is a rock block 17 with through holes. The rock block 17 contains a pre-fabricated defect 19 and / or a signal transmitter 18 connected to an underwater cable 11. When several rock units 7 are vertically stacked in the test chamber 6, the through holes connect to form a simulated wellbore. There are two types of rock units 7: one type has a cement layer 16 and a casing 15 at the through hole, and the other type has a bare hole at the through hole. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The motion module includes a connecting shaft 3 and a drive mechanism. One end of the connecting shaft 3 extends movably and sealed into the test chamber 6 and can accommodate one or more logging instruments 10. The drive mechanism is used to drive the logging instruments 10 to move within the simulated wellbore via the connecting shaft 3. (See...) Figure 1 The control module is electrically connected to the underwater cables 11 of the drive mechanism and each signal transmitter 18, and can control the activation of one or more signal transmitters 18 in conjunction with the acquired movement speed and position of the logging tool 10. (See...) Figure 1 .

[0026] This device can simulate sufficiently realistic deep-earth environments and conduct comprehensive experiments. The test chamber 3 provides a closed and reliable test space. The well flow module and heating module 9 can simulate well flow, pressure and temperature within the test space. Crucially, the rock unit 7 can be changed to simulate open hole wells (open hole wells are used when simulating logging while drilling) and casing wells (casing wells are used when simulating completion logging and production logging). It is also equipped with pre-fabricated defects 19 and signal emission sources 18, which can fully test the detection efficiency and accuracy of logging tool 10 under the action of defects in rock, single signal sources and multiple signal sources, that is, to realize comprehensive testing. Moreover, it can test one or more logging tools 10 at a time, so as to examine the comprehensive influence of different signals or defects on a certain detection parameter or function of logging tool 10.

[0027] Therefore, this device can verify whether the logging tool 10 has defects such as malfunction or inability to guarantee measurement accuracy in deep-earth environments, and can verify the reliability of the logging tool 10 in extreme environments.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, the control module activates one or more signal transmitters 18 in the next rock unit 7 as the logging tool 10 is about to enter the next rock unit 7 from the previous rock unit 7, and deactivates the activated signal transmitters 18 in the previous rock unit 7 as the logging tool 10 enters the next rock unit 7. This setting minimizes signal interference between rock units 7, allowing for individual analysis and comparison of the logging performance of the logging tool 10 for each rock unit 7.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, the control module can also control the strength of the signal emitted by the signal transmitter 18. With this setting, the strength of the signal emitted by the signal transmitter 18 can be adjusted during testing to detect the sensitivity of the logging tool 10 under different signal intensities.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The upper end of the test chamber 6 is open and detachably sealed by the upper end cover 14. The upper end cover 14 is provided with an underwater electrical connector 12 for electrically connecting the underwater cable 11 and the control module. The underwater electrical connector 12 has an interface for electrically connecting to the underwater cable 11 on the inner side of the upper end cover 14 and an interface for electrically connecting to the control module on the outer side of the upper end cover 14. The underwater electrical connector 12 can withstand high temperature and ultra-high pressure. This setting facilitates wiring and installation.

[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The inner and outer sides of the upper end cover 14 are respectively provided with ultra-high pressure dynamic sealing components 13 for cooperating with the connecting shaft 3, which can ensure the reliability of the seal under high temperature and ultra-high pressure environment.

[0032] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The well flow module delivers the simulated well flow medium at the required pressure into the test chamber 6 through a pump and hydraulic system. The test chamber 6 has an inlet and outlet for the simulated well flow medium. The heating module 9 heats the interior of the test chamber 6 by heating the outer surface of the test chamber 6. The test chamber 6 is equipped with a pressure sensor 5 for detecting the internal pressure and a temperature sensor 8 for detecting the internal temperature.

[0033] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The power supply and signal transmission line 2 of the logging instrument 10 is routed inside the connecting shaft 3 and extends out of the connecting shaft 3 in the area outside the test chamber 6.

[0034] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The drive mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 1 and a reaction frame 4. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is mounted on the test chamber 6 through the reaction frame 4, and the telescopic end is connected to the connecting shaft 3. The connecting shaft 3 is located inside the reaction frame 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, preferably, the simulated well flow medium is one or more of water, oil, and mud, and its component ratio and viscosity are set according to the experiment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the rock units 7 are only stacked vertically in the test chamber 6, and the rock units 7 at both ends are not axially restricted. Under their own gravity, when the simulated well flow medium is introduced, the rock units 7 will not be disturbed. The subsequent pressurization of the test chamber 6 is a gradual process. During this process, the rock units 7 are gradually and uniformly pressurized and are in a balanced state without being disturbed.

[0037] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a comprehensive logging tool testing method that can simulate a real deep-earth environment. Based on the comprehensive logging tool testing device that can simulate a real deep-earth environment in Embodiment 1 above, it includes the following steps: S1) Installation Select the type of rock unit 7 and its internal prefabricated defects 19 and / or signal transmission source 18 according to the working environment of the logging instrument 10, then stack the rock units 7 vertically in the test chamber 6 to make the through holes connect to form a simulated well hole, and then install one or more logging instruments 10.

[0038] S2) test First, the logging tool 10 was tested at room temperature and pressure, and the accuracy of the logging tool 10 under measurement defects, single signal source and multiple signal sources was measured respectively. Then, simulated well flow medium was introduced and the logging tool 10 was tested at normal temperature and pressure. The accuracy of the logging tool 10 under measurement defects, single signal source and multiple signal sources was measured respectively. The test chamber 6 is then heated to a high temperature, and ultra-high pressure is applied using simulated well flow medium. The logging instrument 10 is tested under high temperature and ultra-high pressure conditions. The accuracy of the logging instrument 10 under measurement defects, single signal source and multiple signal sources is measured respectively.

[0039] S2) Assessment The accuracy and reliability of the logging tool 10 are evaluated based on the collected data.

[0040] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The detailed description of the embodiments of this application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments, characterized in that, include: The test chamber can withstand high temperatures and ultra-high pressures, and can be opened and sealed shut. The well flow module is used to deliver simulated well flow media at the required pressure into the test chamber; The heating module is used to heat the test chamber to the required temperature. The rock unit is a rock block with through holes. The rock block contains pre-fabricated defects and / or signal transmission sources connected to underwater cables. When several rock units are stacked vertically in the test chamber, the through holes are connected to form a simulated well hole. There are two types of rock units: one type has a cement layer and casing at the through hole, and the other type has a bare hole at the through hole. The motion module includes a connecting shaft and a drive mechanism. One end of the connecting shaft extends movably and sealed into the test chamber and can be used to mount one or more logging instruments. The drive mechanism is used to drive the logging instruments to move within the simulated wellbore via the connecting shaft. The control module is electrically connected to the underwater cables of the drive mechanism and each signal transmitter. It can control the activation of one or more signal transmitters based on the speed and position of the logging tool.

2. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the logging tool is about to enter the next rock unit from the previous rock unit, the control module controls one or more signal transmitters in the next rock unit to activate, and controls the activated signal transmitters in the previous rock unit to shut down when the logging tool enters the next rock unit.

3. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The control module can also control the strength of the signal emitted by the signal transmitter.

4. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the test chamber is open and detachably sealed by an upper cover. The upper cover is equipped with an underwater electrical connector for electrical connection of underwater cables and control modules. The underwater electrical connector has an interface for electrical connection with underwater cables on the inner side of the upper cover and an interface for electrical connection with control modules on the outer side of the upper cover. The underwater electrical connector can withstand high temperature and ultra-high pressure.

5. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner and outer sides of the upper end cover are respectively provided with ultra-high pressure dynamic seals for cooperating with the connecting shaft.

6. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The well flow module delivers simulated well flow medium at the required pressure into the test chamber via a pump and hydraulic system. The test chamber has an inlet and outlet for the simulated well flow medium. The heating module heats the interior of the test chamber by heating the outer surface of the test chamber. The test chamber is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure and a temperature sensor for detecting the internal temperature.

7. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply and signal transmission lines of the logging tool are routed inside the connecting shaft and extend out of the connecting shaft in an area outside the test chamber.

8. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder and a reaction frame. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the test chamber via the reaction frame, and the telescopic end is connected to the connecting shaft, which is located inside the reaction frame.

9. The comprehensive testing device for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated well flow medium is a mixture of one or more of water, oil, and mud, with the component ratio and viscosity set according to the experiment.

10. A comprehensive testing method for logging tools capable of simulating real deep-earth environments, characterized in that, Based on the comprehensive logging tool test device capable of simulating a real deep-earth environment as described in any one of claims 1 to 9: First, select the type of rock unit and its internal prefabricated defects and / or signal transmission sources according to the working environment of the logging tool. Then, stack the rock units vertically in the test chamber to form a simulated wellbore by connecting the through holes. Next, install one or more logging tools. Then, test the logging tool at normal temperature and pressure, measuring the accuracy under the combined action of logging tool measurement defects, single signal source, and multiple signal sources. Then, introduce simulated well flow medium and test the logging tool at normal temperature and pressure, measuring the accuracy under the combined action of logging tool measurement defects, single signal source, and multiple signal sources. Then, heat the test chamber to a high temperature and apply ultra-high pressure using simulated well flow medium, testing the logging tool under a high temperature and ultra-high pressure environment, measuring the accuracy under the combined action of logging tool measurement defects, single signal source, and multiple signal sources. Finally, evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the logging tool based on the collected data.

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