Analog simulation system

Abstract

The invention discloses an analog simulation system which does not need to depend on a large number of real electronic devices, effectively reduces research and development and test cost, can flexibly adapt to radar signal simulation and analysis requirements in different scenes, remarkably improves the efficiency and accuracy of radar signal emission, reconnaissance, receiving, acquisition and processing whole-process analog simulation, and improves the reliability of the system. And efficient and reliable technical support is provided for radar related equipment research and development, algorithm verification and personnel training.

Description

A simulation system Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of simulation system technology, and more particularly to a simulation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of radar and electronic countermeasures technologies, various new radar systems are constantly emerging, leading to an increasingly complex modern electromagnetic signal environment. In the research and verification of next-generation radar equipment, traditional solutions rely on deploying a large number of real electronic devices to construct the required electromagnetic signal environment. This not only results in high equipment costs, large space requirements, and cumbersome operation procedures, but also makes it difficult to flexibly adapt to signal requirements in different scenarios. Furthermore, new algorithms and technologies in the radar field require repeated verification and evaluation before being applied to actual systems. However, the traditional method of deploying real radar hardware is limited by cost and space constraints, making it unable to efficiently support iterative optimization of algorithms. In addition, traditional solutions lack the ability to finely control the entire radar signal process. They struggle to achieve seamless operation of generating, converting, acquiring, storing, and analyzing intermediate frequency signals from two radar channels, and cannot use a unified terminal to distribute parameters and monitor the status of each device. This results in low efficiency and insufficient accuracy in simulating radar signal transmission, reconnaissance, reception, and processing, failing to meet the requirements of full-process hardware-in-the-loop simulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a simulation system that can achieve simulation without relying on a large number of real electronic devices, effectively reducing R&D and testing costs. It can also flexibly adapt to the radar signal simulation and analysis needs in different scenarios, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of the entire process of radar signal transmission, reconnaissance, reception, acquisition and processing. It provides efficient and reliable technical support for the R&D of radar-related equipment, algorithm verification and personnel training.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a simulation system, including a radar signal simulation device, a signal up-converter, a signal down-converter, a broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, and a display and control terminal. The display and control terminal establishes communication connections with the radar signal simulation device and the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, respectively. The radar signal simulation device is used to generate two radar intermediate frequency (IF) signals and transmit the two IF signals to the signal up-converter. The signal up-converter is used to receive the two IF signals output by the radar signal simulation device, convert the two IF signals into two radar radio frequency (RF) signals, and transmit the two RF signals to the signal down-converter. The signal down-converter is used to receive the two RF signals output by the signal up-converter and convert the two IF signals into two RF signals. The radar radio frequency information is inverted into two radar intermediate frequency (IF) signals, and the two IF signals are transmitted to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device. The broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is used to receive the two IF signals output by the signal down-converter, acquire the two IF signals, store the acquired signals in an orthogonal sampling data format, and perform offline analysis on the stored signals to obtain signal processing information. The display and control terminal is used to send waveform generation control parameters to the radar signal simulation device, send acquisition and storage control parameters to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, receive and display the internal test information of the radar signal simulation device and the signal processing information of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, and realize full-process hardware-in-the-loop simulation control and status monitoring.

[0005] Compared with existing technologies, this application provides a simulation system. This system, by setting up radar signal simulation equipment, a signal up-converter, a signal down-converter, a broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, and a display and control terminal, and establishing a communication connection between the display and control terminal and the radar signal simulation equipment and the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, forms a technical architecture for full-process collaborative operation: First, the radar signal simulation equipment can specifically generate two radar intermediate frequency signals, providing a suitable raw signal source for subsequent signal processing; second, the signal up-converter can accurately convert the two radar intermediate frequency signals into two radar radio frequency signals, and the signal down-converter can invert these two radar radio frequency signals into two radar... The system achieves precise signal conversion between intermediate frequency (IF) and radio frequency (RF) bands, meeting the signal requirements of different transmission and processing scenarios. Furthermore, the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device not only acquires two channels of radar IF signals but also stores them in an orthogonal sampling data format, ensuring data integrity. Simultaneously, it generates signal processing information through offline analysis, providing data support for radar algorithm verification and optimization. Finally, the display and control terminal can uniformly send waveform generation control parameters to the radar signal simulation device and acquisition and storage control parameters to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, while receiving real-time test information and signal processing information from the display unit, realizing full-process hardware-in-the-loop simulation control and status monitoring. This system does not rely on a large number of real electronic devices, effectively reducing R&D and testing costs. It can flexibly adapt to the radar signal simulation and analysis needs of different scenarios, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of the entire process of radar signal transmission, reconnaissance, reception, acquisition, and processing simulation. This provides efficient and reliable technical support for radar-related equipment R&D, algorithm verification, and personnel training.

[0006] The further effects of the aforementioned non-conventional preferred method will be explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application or the existing technical solutions, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of a simulation system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system data flow of a simulation system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0009] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0010] The various non-limiting embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Referring to Figure 1, a simulation system according to an embodiment of this application is shown, including a radar signal simulation device, a signal up-converter, a signal down-converter, a broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, and a display and control terminal. The display and control terminal establishes communication connections with the radar signal simulation device and the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, respectively.

[0012] The simulation system of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 and 2. It should be noted that the "orthogonal sampling data format" involved in this embodiment refers to the signal data format obtained using orthogonal coherent sampling technology. This format can simultaneously record the amplitude and phase information of the signal and is a commonly used data storage format in radar signal processing. It is the same concept as the "orthogonal sampling data format" mentioned in the claims. "In-system test information" refers to the working status data monitored in real time during the operation of the equipment, including the equipment power supply status, module communication status, parameter configuration results, etc., used to reflect whether the equipment is working normally. "Signal processing information" refers to the result data obtained by the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device after offline analysis of the signal, including channelization processing results, parameter measurement data, intra-pulse identification conclusions, pulse sorting identification results, etc.

[0013] The radar signal simulation device is used to generate two radar intermediate frequency signals and transmit the two radar intermediate frequency signals to a signal up-converter.

[0014] The signal upconverter is used to receive two radar intermediate frequency signals output by the radar signal simulation device, convert the two radar intermediate frequency signals into two radar radio frequency signals, and transmit the two radar radio frequency signals to the signal downconverter.

[0015] The signal down-converter is used to receive two radar radio frequency information output by the signal up-converter, invert the two radar radio frequency information into two radar intermediate frequency signals, and transmit the two radar intermediate frequency signals to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device.

[0016] The broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is used to receive two radar intermediate frequency signals output by the signal downconverter, acquire the two radar intermediate frequency signals, store the acquired signals in an orthogonal sampling data format, and perform offline analysis on the stored signals to obtain signal processing information. The display and control terminal is used to send waveform generation control parameters to the radar signal simulation device, send acquisition and storage control parameters to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, receive and display the internal test information of the radar signal simulation device and the signal processing information of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, and realize full-process hardware-in-the-loop simulation control and status monitoring.

[0017] Optionally, the radar signal simulation device is a multi-functional radar signal simulation device, also used to generate radar intermediate frequency signals of arbitrary waveforms, simulate the signal forms of typical airborne radars and realize amplitude modulation of the transmitted waveform, adapting to conventional pulse, frequency agility, repetition rate variation, pulse group variation, pulse Doppler, intra-pulse linear frequency modulation, nonlinear frequency modulation, and phase-coded pulse systems, and including signal forms for target acquisition and search, tracking and scanning, velocity search, ranging and search, single target tracking, and multi-target tracking working states; the radar signal simulation device is also used to support users to set radar waveforms, pulse repetition rate, and pulse number electrical parameters through a display and control terminal, and can perform power amplitude modulation on the two output radar intermediate frequency signals according to the radar model, radar beam pointing, and spatial attenuation; the radar signal simulation device generates radar intermediate frequency signals through a digital-to-analog converter, or converts radar intermediate frequency signals into radio frequency signals through its integrated up-conversion unit.

[0018] Optionally, the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is specifically used to acquire and store real-world and analog signals; the offline analysis function of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device includes channelization processing of orthogonal sampling data, parameter measurement, intra-pulse identification, and pulse sorting identification, and can transmit the analysis results of the offline analysis function to the display and control terminal; the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device includes a broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card, a graphics processor module, a storage array, and a high-performance server, the broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card, the graphics processor module, the storage array, and the high-performance server are integrated in a preset chassis, and data interaction and collaborative work are realized through the internal circuitry of the preset chassis.

[0019] Optionally, the broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card can be used in conjunction with a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) carrier card. The broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) synchronous acquisition module and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) synchronous playback module. The ADC synchronous acquisition module chip has two analog input channels and two serializer / deserializer interfaces. The ADC synchronous acquisition module is used to output data channel pairs and supports analog signal sampling. The DAC synchronous playback module chip has a serializer / deserializer interface. The DAC synchronous playback module supports flexible configuration programming and multi-device synchronization.

[0020] Optionally, the graphics processing module employs two graphics processors; the graphics processing module is used to accelerate the offline analysis and processing of orthogonal sampling data.

[0021] Optionally, the high-performance server uses an Ultramicro motherboard that integrates multiple high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard slots; the high-performance server has remote control capabilities and can remotely adjust the acquired and stored parameters through a display and control terminal.

[0022] Optionally, the storage array consists of 8 solid-state drives, and the storage array is used to store the collected orthogonal sampling data.

[0023] Optionally, the display and control terminal includes radar signal simulation software, broadband radar signal acquisition software, and broadband radar signal analysis software. The radar signal simulation software sends waveform parameters and control commands to the radar signal simulation device to control the generation of the target radar intermediate frequency signal. The broadband radar signal acquisition software sends acquisition mode, acquisition size, acquisition time parameters, and storage control commands to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device to control the device to complete signal acquisition and disk storage. The broadband radar signal analysis software receives the analysis results from the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device and displays the channelization, parameter measurement, and signal sorting information of the radar signal data in the form of time-domain graphs, frequency-domain graphs, and waveform graphs.

[0024] Optionally, the process of the radar signal simulation device generating two radar intermediate frequency signals is as follows: receiving waveform generation control parameters sent by the display and control terminal, solving the control parameters and sending them to the waveform generation board, and generating two radar intermediate frequency signals by the waveform generation board and transmitting them to the signal up-converter.

[0025] Optionally, the process of acquiring, storing, and analyzing two radar intermediate frequency signals using the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is as follows: acquiring two radar intermediate frequency signals output by the signal downconverter through an acquisition card; transmitting the acquired two radar intermediate frequency signals to the storage array in an orthogonal sampling data format for disk storage; and performing offline analysis of the stored orthogonal sampling data by the graphics processor module in the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device to generate signal processing information and transmit it to the display and control terminal.

[0026] The simulation system in this embodiment mainly includes radar signal simulation equipment, signal up-converter, signal down-converter, broadband radar signal acquisition and storage equipment, and display and control terminal. Each device realizes signal transmission and data interaction through preset lines. The display and control terminal establishes communication connections with the radar signal simulation equipment and the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage equipment to realize parameter control and status monitoring throughout the process.

[0027] It should be noted that the "radar signal simulation device" in this embodiment is specifically a "multi-functional radar signal simulation device". Compared with conventional radar signal simulation devices, it has richer signal generation and modulation functions and can meet the signal simulation needs in complex electromagnetic environments. The "preset chassis" refers to a device chassis that conforms to industrial standard dimensions and is used to integrate the various hardware components of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device to ensure stable connection and collaborative operation between components.

[0028] The functions and working process of the multi-functional radar signal simulation equipment are described below: The multi-functional radar signal simulation equipment is mainly used to generate two radar intermediate frequency signals and transmit them to a signal up-converter. It also has the following extended functions: Signal generation and modulation capabilities: It can generate radar intermediate frequency signals of arbitrary waveforms, simulate the signal forms of typical airborne radars, and achieve amplitude modulation of the transmitted waveform; it is compatible with various pulse systems, including conventional pulse (referring to traditional pulse signals with fixed pulse parameters), frequency agility (referring to a signal system where the pulse carrier frequency changes rapidly), repetition frequency variation (referring to a system where the pulse repetition frequency changes according to a preset rule), pulse group variation (referring to a system where pulse parameters are adjusted in groups), pulse Doppler (referring to a system that uses the Doppler effect to detect moving targets), and intra-pulse linear modulation. Frequency modulation (FM) refers to a modulation method where the internal frequency of a pulse changes linearly, nonlinear frequency modulation (FM) refers to a modulation method where the internal frequency of a pulse changes nonlinearly, and phase coding (MC) refers to a signal modulation method that achieves signal modulation through phase changes; it includes signal forms with various operating states, specifically: target acquisition and search (TAS, the state in which the radar actively searches for and acquires a target), track-while-scan (TWS, the state in which the radar continuously scans the airspace while tracking a target), velocity search (VS, the state in which the radar focuses on detecting the velocity information of the target), range-while-search (RWS, the state in which the radar measures the distance to the target while searching the airspace), single target tracking (STT, the state in which the radar focuses on tracking a single target), and multi-target tracking (MTT, the state in which the radar tracks multiple targets simultaneously).

[0029] Parameter configuration and signal output control: Users can set electrical parameters such as radar waveform (e.g., sine wave, square wave, frequency modulated wave, etc.), pulse repetition rate (the number of pulses transmitted per unit time), and pulse count (the total number of pulses output during a single signal generation process) through the display and control terminal; according to actual needs, combined with radar model (e.g., the signal characteristics differences between different models of airborne radar), radar beam pointing (the spatial direction of the radar antenna's transmitted beam), and spatial attenuation (the energy loss of the signal during spatial transmission), the power amplitude modulation of the two output radar intermediate frequency signals can be performed to ensure the authenticity of the analog signal.

[0030] Signal generation path: There are two paths for this device to generate radar intermediate frequency signals. One is to generate them directly through a digital-to-analog converter (DAC, which is a device that converts digital signals into analog signals); the other is to first convert the generated intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal through its own integrated upconversion unit, and then invert it back into an intermediate frequency signal as needed (this path is suitable for scenarios where the characteristics of radio frequency signals need to be verified first).

[0031] The specific workflow is as follows: As shown in the data flow diagram in Figure 2, the process of generating two radar intermediate frequency signals by the device is as follows: First, the waveform generation control parameters (including the aforementioned radar waveform, pulse repetition frequency, pulse number, etc.) sent by the display and control terminal are received. The received control parameters are then calculated (i.e., the specific instructions such as timing, frequency, and amplitude required for signal generation are calculated based on the parameters). The calculated instructions are then sent to the waveform generation board inside the device (referring to the hardware module used to generate specific analog signal waveforms). The waveform generation board generates two radar intermediate frequency signals according to the instructions. Finally, the two generated signals are transmitted to the signal up-converter.

[0032] The function and operation of the signal up-converter are as follows: The function of the signal up-converter is to receive two radar intermediate frequency signals output by the multi-functional radar signal simulation equipment, convert them into two radar radio frequency signals, and transmit them to the signal down-converter. In this embodiment, the input signal frequency band of the signal up-converter is 1.3 to 2.3 GHz, and the output signal frequency band is 0.38 to 18 GHz. Its frequency conversion process is achieved through internal mixing circuits (referring to the circuit that mixes the input signal with the local oscillator signal to change the frequency) and filtering circuits (referring to the circuit that filters out the noise signals generated during the frequency conversion process). The frequency conversion processes of the two signals are performed synchronously to ensure the phase consistency of the two radio frequency signals and avoid subsequent signal processing errors caused by asynchronous frequency conversion.

[0033] The function and operation of the signal down-converter are as follows: The signal down-converter receives two radar RF signals output from the signal up-converter, inverts them into two radar intermediate frequency signals, and transmits them to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device. In this embodiment, the input signal frequency band of the signal down-converter is 8–12.5 GHz, and the output signal frequency band can be selected according to subsequent acquisition requirements: either 0.7–1.2 GHz or 0.55–0.95 GHz. Its inversion process is also achieved through mixing and filtering circuits, and noise suppression processing is performed on the output intermediate frequency signal to ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio (the ratio of useful signal power to noise power) meets the acquisition requirements of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, avoiding noise interference from affecting subsequent analysis results.

[0034] The function and operation of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device are as follows: The broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is the core component for realizing signal acquisition, storage, and offline analysis. It consists of a broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card, a graphics processing unit (GPU module), a storage array, and a high-performance server. All hardware components are integrated into the aforementioned pre-designed chassis and connected via high-speed lines (such as PCIe) within the chassis. The device enables data interaction and collaborative work via a bus. Its specific functions and working process are as follows: The device can simultaneously collect and store real-world signals (referring to real radar signals obtained through actual reconnaissance methods) and analog signals (referring to signals generated by the multi-functional radar signal simulation device in this system). Its offline analysis functions include channelization processing of orthogonal sampling data (referring to dividing wideband signals into multiple narrowband sub-channels to facilitate the extraction of signal features by frequency band), parameter measurement (referring to measuring key parameters of the signal such as carrier frequency, pulse width, repetition frequency, and amplitude), intra-pulse identification (referring to analyzing the modulation characteristics inside the signal pulse, such as linear frequency modulation and phase coding, to distinguish signal types), and pulse sorting and identification (referring to classifying mixed pulse sequences into signal sequences of different radars based on differences in signal parameters). The results of the above offline analysis (i.e., signal processing information) will be transmitted to the display and control terminal.

[0035] The specific functions and parameters of each component are described below: Wideband Intermediate Frequency Acquisition Card: This acquisition card conforms to the VITA57 standard (referring to the modular hardware standard developed by the Open VPX Alliance, facilitating component compatibility and expansion) and can be used in conjunction with a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) carrier card (a hardware carrier board equipped with a FPGA chip, used to implement flexible digital signal processing logic). It contains two core modules: an analog-to-digital converter synchronous acquisition module (ADC module) and a digital-to-analog converter synchronous playback module (DAC module).

[0036] Analog-to-digital converter synchronous acquisition module: It is equipped with a chip with two analog input channels (for receiving two radar intermediate frequency signals) and two serializer / deserializer interfaces (such as JESD204B interface, which refers to the interface standard for high-speed serial data transmission). It can output data channel pairs and supports sampling of broadband analog signals up to 2 GHz with a sampling accuracy of 16 bits and a sampling rate of 1 gigabit sampling points per second (GSPS), ensuring the synchronization and data integrity of the two signal acquisitions.

[0037] Digital-to-analog converter synchronous playback module: It is equipped with a chip with a JESD204B interface, which supports flexible configuration programming (the frequency, amplitude, timing and other parameters of the playback signal can be set according to the requirements) and synchronization with multiple devices (it can work in conjunction with other DAC chips to realize multi-channel signal playback). The playback accuracy is 16-bit and the playback rate is 2.5 gigabits per second (GSPS). It is suitable for scenarios that require playback verification of stored signals.

[0038] Graphics Processing Unit Module: This embodiment employs two V100 graphics processing units (GPUs). Each GPU has 16GB of High Bandwidth Memory 2 (HBM2, referring to high-performance video memory with high bandwidth and low latency), a video memory bandwidth of 900GB / s, and a maximum power consumption of 250 watts. The system interface is PCIe Gen 3 (a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard used for connecting devices and servers), with a single-precision floating-point operation capability of 14 trillion operations per second (TeraFLOPS) and a double-precision floating-point operation capability of 7 trillion operations per second (TeraFLOPS). The core function of this module is to accelerate the offline analysis and processing of orthogonal sampling data, such as channelization processing and pulse sorting and recognition—computationally intensive tasks—significantly reducing analysis time and improving system processing efficiency.

[0039] High-performance server: Utilizes an Supermicro X12SPA-TF motherboard (referring to a motherboard compliant with industrial-grade server standards, offering high stability and scalability), integrating seven high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard slots (PCIe slots for connecting broadband intermediate frequency acquisition cards, graphics processor modules, and other components); equipped with one 26-core processor (referring to a high-performance server-grade processor with strong multitasking capabilities), and 256GB of memory (referring to high-speed memory for temporary data storage, ensuring fast data read / write speeds during data processing); features remote control functionality, allowing users to remotely adjust acquisition and storage parameters (such as acquisition mode, storage path, and analysis algorithm parameters) via a display and control terminal, eliminating the need for on-site operation and enhancing ease of use.

[0040] Storage Array: Composed of 8 groups of 2 terabyte (TB) solid-state drives (SSDs, which use flash memory chips to store data and are characterized by fast read and write speeds and strong shock resistance) forming a disk array (an architecture that combines multiple hard drives into a logical storage unit to improve storage capacity and data security). Its core function is to store the collected orthogonal sampling data. It adopts a redundant backup design (meaning that if some hard drives fail, the data can be recovered from other hard drives) to ensure the security and integrity of data storage and avoid data loss due to hardware failure.

[0041] Specific workflow: Combining the working principle in Figure 1 and the data flow in Figure 2, the process of acquiring, storing, and analyzing the two radar intermediate frequency signals is as follows: First, the internal broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card (specifically, the analog-to-digital converter synchronous acquisition module) acquires the two radar intermediate frequency signals output by the signal downconverter; after acquisition, the signal is transmitted to the storage array in orthogonal sampling data format, and the storage array performs disk storage (meaning writing the data to a solid-state drive for long-term preservation); subsequently, the graphics processor module reads the stored orthogonal sampling data from the storage array and performs offline analysis on the data according to the preset analysis algorithm (including channelization processing, parameter measurement, intra-pulse identification, and pulse sorting identification); after analysis, signal processing information is generated and transmitted to the display and control terminal for user viewing and subsequent applications.

[0042] The functions and working process of the display and control terminal are as follows: The display and control terminal is a human-machine interaction component for realizing system control and status monitoring. Its functions are to send waveform generation control parameters to the multi-functional radar signal simulation equipment and acquisition and storage control parameters to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage equipment. At the same time, it receives and displays the internal test information of the multi-functional radar signal simulation equipment and the signal processing information of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage equipment, realizing full-process hardware-in-the-loop simulation control and status monitoring.

[0043] In this embodiment, the display and control terminal includes three software modules: radar signal simulation software (i.e., multi-functional radar signal simulation software), broadband radar signal acquisition software, and broadband radar signal analysis software. The functions of each software module are as follows: Radar signal simulation software: provides a visual parameter setting interface. Users can input waveforms through this interface to generate control parameters (such as radar waveform, pulse repetition rate, pulse number, power amplitude, etc.). The software encapsulates the parameters into control commands and sends them to the multi-functional radar signal simulation device to control the device to generate the target radar intermediate frequency signal. At the same time, the software receives the internal test information fed back by the multi-functional radar signal simulation device and displays the device's working status in real time on the interface (such as "normal operation", "parameter configuration successful", "module failure", etc.), so that users can keep abreast of the device's status.

[0044] Broadband radar signal acquisition software: Supports user-defined acquisition modes (including continuous acquisition, which means continuously acquiring signals until the preset storage capacity is reached; triggered acquisition, which means acquisition only begins when preset trigger conditions are met, such as signal amplitude reaching a threshold), acquisition size (the amount of signal data acquired in a single acquisition), acquisition time (the duration of a single acquisition), and other acquisition and storage control parameters. These parameters are then sent to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device to control the device to complete signal acquisition and disk storage. Simultaneously, the software displays the acquisition progress (e.g., "Acquisition completed 50%)" and storage capacity usage (e.g., "Used storage capacity 2TB / 16TB") in real time, preventing acquisition interruptions due to insufficient storage capacity.

[0045] Broadband radar signal analysis software: Receives signal processing information transmitted from broadband radar signal acquisition and storage devices, and intuitively displays the analysis results through charts and graphs. These include time-domain plots (showing the amplitude characteristics of the signal over time, such as the rising edge, falling edge, and pulse width of the pulse), frequency-domain plots (showing the frequency distribution characteristics of the signal, such as the carrier frequency, bandwidth, and sidelobes), and waveform plots (showing the overall modulation characteristics of the signal, such as the frequency change curve of a linear frequency modulated signal and the phase change curve of a phase-coded signal). Furthermore, the software supports exporting the analysis results (e.g., to Excel or PDF formats) and annotating them (e.g., annotating the pulse start time and pulse width on the time-domain plot), facilitating further analysis and report generation by the user.

[0046] Next, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the simulation system of this embodiment realizes the full-process hardware-in-the-loop simulation process as follows: Signal simulation stage: The user sets the waveform generation control parameters through the radar signal simulation software of the display and control terminal. The software sends the parameters to the multi-functional radar signal simulation device. After the device solves the parameters, the waveform generation board generates two radar intermediate frequency signals of 1.3 to 2.3 GHz and transmits them to the signal up-converter.

[0047] Signal frequency conversion stage: The signal upconverter converts the two intermediate frequency signals into radar radio frequency signals of 8-12.5 GHz and transmits them to the signal downconverter; the signal downconverter inverts the radio frequency signals into intermediate frequency signals of 0.7-1.2 GHz or 0.55-0.95 GHz and transmits them to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device.

[0048] Signal acquisition and storage stage: The user sets the acquisition and storage control parameters through the broadband radar signal acquisition software on the display and control terminal. The software sends the parameters to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device. The device acquires two intermediate frequency signals through the broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card and stores them in the storage array in an orthogonal sampling data format.

[0049] Signal analysis and monitoring phase: The graphics processor module of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device performs offline analysis on the stored data, generates signal processing information, and transmits it to the display and control terminal; the broadband radar signal analysis software on the display and control terminal displays the analysis results, and at the same time, each software displays the device's internal test information in real time, realizing full-process monitoring.

[0050] Through the above process, this system can completely simulate the entire process of radar signal transmission, reconnaissance, reception, acquisition, and processing without relying on a large number of real radar hardware devices, effectively reducing research and development and testing costs. Moreover, the realism of the simulated signals and the accuracy of the analysis results can meet the needs of radar-related equipment research and development, algorithm verification, and personnel training.

[0051] As can be seen, this simulation system, by setting up radar signal simulation equipment, signal up-converters, signal down-converters, broadband radar signal acquisition and storage equipment, and a display and control terminal, and establishing communication connections between the display and control terminal and the radar signal simulation equipment and broadband radar signal acquisition and storage equipment, forms a technical architecture for full-process collaborative operation: First, the radar signal simulation equipment can specifically generate two radar intermediate frequency signals, providing a suitable raw signal source for subsequent signal processing; second, the signal up-converter can accurately convert the two radar intermediate frequency signals into two radar radio frequency signals, and the signal down-converter can then invert these two radar radio frequency signals back into two radar intermediate frequency signals, realizing signal... The system achieves precise switching between intermediate frequency (IF) and radio frequency (RF) bands, meeting the signal requirements of various transmission and processing scenarios. Furthermore, the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device not only acquires IF signals from two radar channels but also stores signals in an orthogonal sampling data format, ensuring data integrity. Simultaneously, it generates signal processing information through offline analysis, providing data support for radar algorithm verification and optimization. Finally, the display and control terminal can uniformly send waveform generation control parameters to the radar signal simulation device and acquisition and storage control parameters to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, while receiving real-time test and signal processing information from the display unit, achieving end-to-end hardware-in-the-loop simulation control and status monitoring. This system eliminates the need for numerous real electronic devices, effectively reducing R&D and testing costs. It can flexibly adapt to the radar signal simulation and analysis needs of different scenarios, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of the entire simulation process of radar signal transmission, reconnaissance, reception, acquisition, and processing. This provides efficient and reliable technical support for radar-related equipment R&D, algorithm verification, and personnel training.

[0052] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device embodiments are basically similar to the system embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the system embodiments.

[0053] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, system, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, system, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A simulation system, characterized in that, The system includes a radar signal simulation device, a signal up-converter, a signal down-converter, a broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, and a display and control terminal. The display and control terminal establishes communication connections with both the radar signal simulation device and the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device. The radar signal simulation device generates two radar intermediate frequency (IF) signals and transmits them to the signal up-converter. The signal up-converter receives the two IF signals output by the radar signal simulation device, converts them into two radar radio frequency (RF) signals, and... The information is transmitted to the signal down-converter; the signal down-converter is used to receive two radar radio frequency information output from the signal up-converter, invert the two radar radio frequency information into two radar intermediate frequency signals, and transmit the two radar intermediate frequency signals to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device; the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is used to receive the two radar intermediate frequency signals output from the signal down-converter, acquire the two radar intermediate frequency signals, store the acquired signals in an orthogonal sampling data format, and perform offline analysis on the stored signals to obtain signal processing information; The display and control terminal is used to send waveform generation control parameters to the radar signal simulation device, send acquisition and storage control parameters to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, receive and display the in-machine test information of the radar signal simulation device and the signal processing information of the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device, and realize full-process hardware-in-the-loop simulation control and status monitoring.

2. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radar signal simulation device is a multi-functional radar signal simulation device, also used to generate radar intermediate frequency signals of arbitrary waveforms, simulate the signal forms of typical airborne radars and realize amplitude modulation of the transmitted waveform. It is compatible with conventional pulse, frequency agility, repetition rate variation, pulse group variation, pulse Doppler, intra-pulse linear frequency modulation, nonlinear frequency modulation, and phase-coded pulse systems, and includes signal forms for target acquisition and search, tracking and scanning, velocity search, ranging and search, single target tracking, and multi-target tracking. The radar signal simulation device also supports users to set radar waveforms, pulse repetition rate, and pulse number electrical parameters through a display and control terminal, and can perform power amplitude modulation on the two output radar intermediate frequency signals according to the radar model, radar beam pointing, and spatial attenuation. The radar signal simulation device generates radar intermediate frequency signals through a digital-to-analog converter, or converts radar intermediate frequency signals into radio frequency signals through its integrated up-conversion unit.

3. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is specifically used to acquire and store real-world and analog signals. Its offline analysis function includes channelization processing of orthogonal sampled data, parameter measurement, intra-pulse identification, and pulse sorting and identification. It can also transmit the analysis results of the offline analysis to the display and control terminal. The broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device includes a broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card, a graphics processor module, a storage array, and a high-performance server. These components are integrated within a pre-designed chassis, and data interaction and collaborative operation are achieved through the internal circuitry of the chassis.

4. The simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card can be used in conjunction with a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) carrier card. The broadband intermediate frequency acquisition card includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) synchronous acquisition module and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) synchronous playback module. The ADC synchronous acquisition module chip has two analog input channels and two serializer / deserializer interfaces. The ADC synchronous acquisition module is used to output data channel pairs and supports analog signal sampling. The DAC synchronous playback module chip has a serializer / deserializer interface, and the DAC synchronous playback module supports flexible configuration programming and multi-device synchronization.

5. The simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The graphics processing module employs two graphics processors; the graphics processing module is used to accelerate the offline analysis and processing of orthogonal sampling data.

6. The simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The high-performance server uses an Ultramicro motherboard and integrates multiple high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard slots; the high-performance server has remote control functions and can remotely adjust the acquired and stored parameters through a display and control terminal.

7. The simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The storage array consists of 8 solid-state drives and is used to store the collected orthogonal sampling data.

8. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display and control terminal includes radar signal simulation software, broadband radar signal acquisition software, and broadband radar signal analysis software. The radar signal simulation software sends waveform parameters and control commands to the radar signal simulation device to control the generation of target radar intermediate frequency signals. The broadband radar signal acquisition software sends acquisition mode, acquisition size, acquisition time parameters, and storage control commands to the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device to control the device to complete signal acquisition and disk storage. The broadband radar signal analysis software receives the analysis results from the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device and displays the channelization, parameter measurement, and signal sorting information of the radar signal data in the form of time-domain graphs, frequency-domain graphs, and waveform graphs.

9. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process by which the radar signal simulation device generates two radar intermediate frequency signals is as follows: receiving waveform generation control parameters sent by the display and control terminal, solving the control parameters and sending them to the waveform generation board, which then generates two radar intermediate frequency signals and transmits them to the signal up-converter.

10. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring, storing, and analyzing two radar intermediate frequency signals using the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device is as follows: acquiring the two radar intermediate frequency signals output by the signal downconverter through the acquisition card, transmitting the acquired two radar intermediate frequency signals to the storage array in orthogonal sampling data format for disk storage, and performing offline analysis of the stored orthogonal sampling data by the graphics processor module in the broadband radar signal acquisition and storage device to generate signal processing information and transmit it to the display and control terminal.

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