Method and equipment for assisting data center to participate in power grid regulation and control by phase change energy storage unit, and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, equipment and medium for assisting a data center to participate in power grid regulation and control by a phase change energy storage unit, and belongs to the field of phase change energy storage unit equipment of an electric power system, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting related data parameters of the phase change energy storage unit, and calculating the maximum storage cold capacity and the minimum storage cold capacity; defining the maximum value and the minimum value of the state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit; calculating the electric power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center is zero; calculating the electric power difference value of the data center according to the electric power set value of the data center, judging the operation action of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center, calculating the air volume flow of the fan, and completing the electric power adjustment. The refrigerating capacity required by the data center is reasonably distributed between the conventional water chilling unit and the phase change energy storage unit, so that the refrigerating requirement of the data center server is met, and meanwhile, the requirement of power regulation of an electric power system is met.

Description

A method, equipment, and medium for phase change energy storage units to assist data centers in grid regulation. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system phase change energy storage unit technology, specifically to a method, equipment, and medium for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in power grid regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, research on phase change energy storage units (PCS) focuses on two main aspects: first, research on novel PCS materials and packaging technologies, emphasizing the phase change mechanism, thermal characteristics, and packaging methods of various PCS materials, as well as numerical simulation of the thermal characteristics of PCS units; second, the application of PCS in practical heating and cooling systems, where it can be integrated with firewalls, heated floors, and even indoor walls to save on traditional energy consumption and achieve energy conservation and emission reduction. While various electrochemical energy storage technologies are rapidly being applied in power systems, widely participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation, PCS technology has not yet been incorporated into the optimized dispatching of power systems, nor are there specific technical methods for PCS to assist data centers in participating in power dispatching commands from the upper-level power grid.

[0003] Furthermore, existing technologies for data centers participating in grid regulation typically rely on direct load adjustment of the server room cooling system or peak shaving of server power. These technologies generally suffer from the following problems: First, they lack coupled control with phase change energy storage units, failing to fully utilize the rapid response capabilities of the storage units and thus limiting the power regulation range. Second, they lack a mechanism for solving the parameters of the execution equipment (such as fans), making it impossible to achieve automated regulation while meeting thermal safety and airflow constraints. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by this invention is: how to balance the heat dissipation of data center servers with the cooling capacity of chillers and phase change energy storage units by distributing the cooling capacity required by the data center between chillers and phase change energy storage units, while enabling the phase change energy storage units to assist the data center in accurately responding to the power dispatching needs of the power system.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides the following technical solution: a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in grid regulation, comprising: collecting relevant data parameters of the phase change energy storage unit; calculating the maximum and minimum stored cooling capacity; defining the highest and lowest state of charge (SOC) values ​​of the phase change energy storage unit; calculating the data center's electrical power when the output of the data center's phase change energy storage unit is zero; calculating the data center's electrical power difference based on the data center's power setpoint; determining the operational action of the data center's phase change energy storage unit; and calculating the air volume flow rate of the fan using a method of solving a system of nonlinear equations to complete the power regulation.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the method for assisting data centers in grid regulation using phase change energy storage units as described in this invention, the following steps are included: collecting relevant data parameters of the phase change energy storage unit, calculating the maximum and minimum storage cooling capacity, and defining the highest and lowest values ​​of the phase change energy storage unit's state of charge. This includes collecting the specific heat value of the phase change energy storage unit in both solid and liquid states, the temperature of the phase change energy storage unit, the mass of the phase change energy storage unit, and the unit latent heat of phase change of the phase change energy storage unit. The expression for calculating the maximum storage cooling capacity is as follows: in, To maximize storage cooling capacity, , These are the specific heat values ​​of the phase change energy storage unit in solid and liquid states, respectively. It is the quality of variable energy storage. , , These are the phase change temperature, minimum temperature, and maximum temperature of the phase change energy storage unit, respectively. The latent heat of phase change per unit of phase change energy storage unit; the expression for calculating the minimum storage cooling capacity is: in, The minimum stored cooling capacity is defined; based on the maximum and minimum stored cooling capacities, the highest and lowest states of charge (SOCs) of the phase change energy storage unit are defined as follows: in, , These represent the highest and lowest values ​​of the state of charge (SOC) of the phase change energy storage unit.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the method for assisting data centers in grid regulation using phase change energy storage units as described in this invention, the calculation of the data center's electrical power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero includes calculating the data center's electrical power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero, expressed as: in, The electrical power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. This refers to the power of fan number one. This refers to the electrical power of the chiller unit when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. The rated power of fan number one This refers to the rated air volumetric flow rate of fan number one. The air volumetric flow rate of fan number one. For the energy input ratio EIR temperature correction, For data center server power, Server utilization factor , , , , , , All values ​​are constants, obtained from measured data through fitting or provided by the manufacturer. For server utilization, For the server's temperature factor, This refers to the inlet airflow temperature of the data center server. This represents the server's peak power consumption.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the method for assisting data centers in grid regulation using phase change energy storage units as described in this invention, the step of calculating the power difference of the data center based on the data center's power setpoint and determining the operational action of the data center's phase change energy storage unit includes subtracting the calculated power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero from the data center's power setpoint, expressed as: in, To calculate the difference, Set the power consumption value for the data center.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the method for assisting data centers in grid regulation using phase change energy storage units as described in this invention, the step of calculating the power difference of the data center based on the data center's power setpoint and determining the operational action of the data center's phase change energy storage unit further includes, when When the phase change energy storage unit in the data center needs to release cooling capacity, the power of the data center is reduced when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. If the current state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit is less than the minimum state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit, the phase change energy storage unit refuses to act and does not respond to the power reduction command issued by the power grid. Otherwise, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the power adjustment command of the system, release the stored cooling capacity, and reduce the power load of the data center.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the phase change energy storage unit assisting data center participation in power grid regulation method described in this invention, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the system's power regulation command to release stored cold energy and reduce the electrical load of the data center, including: opening valve 1, starting fan 1, closing valve 2, opening valve 3, starting fan 2, and adjusting the air volume flow rate of fan 1 and fan 2; the power increment of the server power relative to the server power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero when releasing cold energy is expressed as: in, The power increment of data center servers when releasing cooling energy to phase change energy storage units. For data center server power, The power consumption of the server when releasing cooling capacity; the change in the power consumption of the chiller unit after releasing the stored cooling capacity through the phase change energy storage unit, relative to when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero, is expressed as: in, For the increase in the power of the chiller unit, The electrical power of the chiller unit at the moment when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. The chiller unit power when the phase change energy storage unit releases cooling capacity; the changes in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are expressed as follows: in, This represents the increase in electrical power for both fan number one and fan number two. , These are the airflow rates through fan number one and fan number two when releasing cooling capacity, respectively. This is the rated power value of fan number two. , These are the rated air volume flow rates of fan 1 and fan 2, respectively. When the data center receives the power scheduling control command, a system of nonlinear equations is constructed. The air flow rates of fan 1 and fan 2 are calculated using the method of solving the system of nonlinear equations, and the expressions are as follows: in, The sum of the power increments of the server, chiller, and fan when the phase change energy storage unit releases cooling capacity. , These are the density and specific heat capacity of air, respectively. It is a constant value. The cooling capacity released by the phase change energy storage unit; the actual air volume flow rate of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 that needs to be adjusted is determined by taking the maximum and minimum values, and the expression is: in, , These are the actual air volume flow rates of fan number one and fan number two when releasing cooling capacity, respectively. , These are the maximum air volume flow rates for fan number one and fan number two, respectively.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the method for assisting data centers in grid regulation using phase change energy storage units as described in this invention, the step of calculating the power difference of the data center based on the data center's power setpoint and determining the operational action of the data center's phase change energy storage unit further includes, when When the phase change energy storage unit in the data center needs to absorb cooling capacity, the power of the data center is increased when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. If the current state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit is greater than the maximum state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit, the phase change energy storage unit refuses to act and does not respond to the power adjustment command issued by the power grid. Otherwise, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the power adjustment command of the system, absorb and store the cooling capacity of the chiller unit, and increase the electrical load of the data center.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the phase change energy storage unit assisting data center participation in power grid regulation method described in this invention, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the system's power regulation command, absorb and store the cooling capacity of the chiller unit, and increase the electrical load of the data center by: opening valve 1, starting fan 1; opening valve 2; closing valve 3, starting fan 2; and adjusting the air volume flow rate of fans 1 and 2. The power increment of the server power relative to the server power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero when absorbing cooling capacity is expressed as: in, The power increase of data center servers when phase change energy storage units absorb cold energy. For data center server power, The power of the server when absorbing cold energy; the change in the power of the chiller unit after absorbing cold energy by the phase change energy storage unit relative to when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero, expressed as: in, The power increment of the chiller unit when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cooling energy. The electrical power of the chiller unit when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. The electrical power of the chiller unit when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cooling energy; the changes in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are expressed as follows: in, The increase in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cold energy. The power of the No. 1 wind turbine when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. , These are the airflow rates through fan number one and fan number two when absorbing cold energy, respectively. and The rated power of fan 1 and fan 2 are fixed values. When the data center receives the power scheduling control command, a system of nonlinear equations is constructed. The airflow of fan 1 and fan 2 is calculated using the method of solving the system of nonlinear equations. The expression is: in, The sum of the power increments of the server, chiller, and fan when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cooling energy. The cooling capacity absorbed by the phase change energy storage unit; the actual air volume flow rate of the No. 1 and No. 2 fans that need to be adjusted is determined by taking the maximum and minimum values, and the expression is: in, , These are the actual air volume flow rates for fan number one and fan number two, respectively. , These are the maximum air volume flow rates for fan number one and fan number two, respectively.

[0014] The present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in power grid regulation.

[0015] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in power grid regulation.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By combining phase change energy storage unit (PCE) technology with data centers, this invention changes the traditional situation where PCE units are difficult to apply to power systems, increasing the ways in which PCE units can participate in power system regulation. By rationally allocating the cooling capacity required by the data center between conventional chillers and PCE units, it satisfies both the cooling needs of data center servers and the power regulation needs of the power system. This invention achieves the allocation of the cooling capacity required by the data center between chillers and PCE units, while simultaneously meeting the power dispatch requirements of the power system for the data center, further promoting the intelligent, intensive, and low-carbon green development of data centers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in grid regulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a data center with a phase change energy storage unit, according to an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for a data center to participate in power grid regulation with the assistance of a phase change energy storage unit.

[0020] Figure 3 is an airflow diagram of the phase change energy storage unit under cooling conditions in a method for assisting a data center in grid regulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is an airflow diagram of a phase change energy storage unit assisting a data center in participating in a power grid control system under cold storage conditions, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1, referring to Figure 1, is an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in grid regulation, including: The present invention proposes a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in grid regulation, which overcomes the above-mentioned shortcomings through the following four core steps: S1, collect relevant data parameters of the phase change energy storage unit, calculate the maximum and minimum storage cooling capacity, and define the highest and lowest values ​​of the state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit.

[0024] S2. Calculate the power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero.

[0025] S3. Calculate the power difference of the data center based on the power setting value of the data center, and determine the operation of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center.

[0026] S4. Calculate the air volume flow rate of the fan by solving a system of nonlinear equations, and then adjust the electric power.

[0027] This invention enables rapid and precise adjustment of data center power while ensuring the safety of the data center environment and the reliability of the energy storage unit. This allows the data center to flexibly participate in scenarios such as grid peak shaving and demand response, effectively improving energy storage utilization efficiency and power regulation accuracy, while avoiding energy waste and equipment instability caused by rough control.

[0028] Example 2, referring to Figures 2-4, is an embodiment of the present invention. Based on the previous embodiment, a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in grid regulation is provided, including: in step S1, collecting relevant data parameters of the phase change energy storage unit, calculating the maximum and minimum storage cooling capacity, and defining the highest and lowest values ​​of the state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit, including the following steps: collecting the specific heat value of the phase change energy storage unit in solid and liquid states, the temperature of the phase change energy storage unit, the mass of the phase change energy storage unit, and the unit latent heat of phase change of the phase change energy storage unit.

[0029] Since phase change energy storage units differ from conventional chemical battery energy storage, which stores electrical energy while storing or releasing cold energy, the maximum heat storage capacity of a phase change energy storage unit is defined as: (1) Among them, To maximize storage cooling capacity, , These are the specific heat values ​​of the phase change energy storage unit in solid and liquid states, respectively. It is the quality of variable energy storage. , , These are the phase change temperature, minimum temperature, and maximum temperature of the phase change energy storage unit, respectively. This refers to the unit latent heat of phase change in a phase change energy storage unit.

[0030] The minimum heat storage capacity of a phase change energy storage unit is: (2) Among them, Minimum storage cold capacity.

[0031] The maximum and minimum values ​​of the state of charge (SOC) of a phase change energy storage unit are defined based on the maximum and minimum stored cooling capacity, and the expressions are as follows: (3) (4) Among them, , These represent the highest and lowest values ​​of the state of charge (SOC) of the phase change energy storage unit.

[0032] For phase change energy storage units in data centers, the inlet airflow temperature, the outlet airflow temperature, and The relationship between them is: (5) Among them, , , , , , , , , and These are generally constants determined by the manufacturer or through testing. and These are the input and output airflow temperatures of the phase change energy storage unit, respectively. The state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit. This represents the inlet gas flow rate of the phase change energy storage unit.

[0033] In step S2, calculating the data center's electrical power when the phase change energy storage unit output is zero includes the following steps: Real-time reading of the data center's electrical and thermal loads, and simultaneously reading data from the data center's phase change energy storage unit. Receiving power regulation commands from the power grid and calculating the data center's power regulation amount. Calculating the data center's electrical power when the phase change energy storage unit output is zero. At this time, the inlet airflow temperature of the data center server is... And it is a fixed value.

[0034] Increased intake air temperature leads to increased internal server temperature, resulting in increased CPU current and consequently increased power consumption. Conversely, decreased intake air temperature leads to decreased internal server temperature, reduced CPU current, and decreased power consumption. Therefore, calculating the power consumption of data center servers... The calculation formula is: (6) In formula (6) , , , , , , All are constants, obtained from measured data through fitting or provided by the manufacturer; This refers to the server's peak power consumption, provided by the manufacturer. This represents server utilization, collected on-site. Server utilization factor For the server's temperature factor, This refers to the inlet airflow temperature of the data center server.

[0035] To calculate the electrical power of the precision air conditioning fans in the data center, refer to Figure 2 for the air volume flow rate and power of fan number one: (7) (8) Among them, air density, The specific heat capacity of air. The temperature of the airflow at the server's outlet. and These represent the electrical power and air volume flow rate of the first fan under rated operating conditions. For the server's power consumption, This represents the air volumetric flow rate of fan number one.

[0036] Calculate the electrical power of chillers in a data center. Show the chiller's cooling capacity as a function of temperature. for: (9) Among them, , , , , and This is a constant, provided by the manufacturer. and These are the chilled water outlet temperature and cooling water return temperature of the chiller unit, respectively, and are constant values.

[0037] The partial load rate of the chiller unit is: (10) Among them, This refers to the partial load factor of the chiller unit when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. The coefficient for converting electrical energy consumed by the server into heat energy is set to 1. This refers to the nominal cooling capacity of the chiller unit.

[0038] The coefficient of performance (COP) of a chiller unit is the ratio of cooling power to power consumption. The energy input ratio (EIR) is defined as the reciprocal of the COP. and The EIR corrections for temperature and partial load factor (PLR) are given by the following formulas: (11) (12) Among them, , These are the corrections from EIR for temperature and partial load factor PLR, respectively. , , , , , , , and This is a constant, provided by the manufacturer.

[0039] Electric power of chiller unit for: (13) Given the nominal power of the chiller unit, calculate the data center's electrical power when the phase change energy storage unit outputs zero. .

[0040] (14) Among them, The electrical power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. This refers to the power of fan number one. The electrical power of the chiller unit when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero.

[0041] In step S3, the power difference of the data center is calculated based on the data center power setpoint, and the operation of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center is determined. This includes the following steps: The difference between the calculated data center power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero and the data center power setpoint is calculated, expressed as: in, To calculate the difference, Set the power consumption value for the data center.

[0042] when When the phase change energy storage unit needs to release cooling capacity, and the output of the phase change energy storage unit in the data center is zero, the power of the data center needs to be reduced.

[0043] If the phase change energy storage unit of the data center meets the conditions At that time, the phase change energy storage unit will refuse to operate, that is, it will not respond to the power system's command to adjust the data center power downward. The current state of charge (SOC) value for releasing cooling capacity from the phase change energy storage unit; otherwise, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the system's power regulation command to release the stored cooling capacity and reduce the electrical load on the data center.

[0044] The outlet gas flow temperature and the output cooling power of the phase change energy storage unit are: (15) (16) Among them, and These are the airflow temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the phase change energy storage unit, respectively. It is a fixed value; The airflow rate is used to release stored cold energy through the phase change energy storage unit. and These are the density and specific heat capacity of air, respectively.

[0045] The air intake temperature for servers in the data center is: (17) Among them, This refers to the intake air temperature of the server room in the data center. The supply air temperature of the precision air conditioner is a fixed value. and These are the air volume flow rates of the No. 1 air valve and the phase change energy storage unit, respectively, when releasing stored cold energy.

[0046] Then utilize In the substitution (6) The server power at the current temperature can then be calculated. As shown in the following formula: (18) Among them, Server utilization factor Server temperature factor when the phase change energy storage unit releases cooling energy; , , , , , , All of these are constants, provided by the manufacturer. This represents the server's peak power consumption, a value greater than zero, provided by the manufacturer.

[0047] At this time, the server power Server power when the output of the relative phase change energy storage unit is zero The power increment is: (19) The partial load rate of the chiller unit is: (20) Among them, To release the stored cooling capacity at part load rate of the chiller unit, The coefficient for converting electrical energy consumed by the server into heat energy is set to 1. This refers to the nominal cooling capacity of the chiller unit.

[0048] in, The cooling capacity of the chiller unit varies with temperature, just like in formula (9); The server's electrical power is used when the phase change energy storage unit releases stored cold energy. The cooling energy released by the phase change energy storage unit.

[0049] chiller unit The calculation formula is: (21) Among them, The energy input ratio of the phase change energy storage unit to the PLR ​​is corrected when the phase change energy storage unit releases cold energy.

[0050] After the phase change energy storage unit releases the stored cooling capacity, the electrical power of the chiller unit is: in, The chiller unit power when the phase change energy storage unit releases cooling capacity. This refers to the nominal power of the chiller unit. and The calculation formulas are shown in equations (9) and (11), respectively.

[0051] Therefore, the change relative to when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero is: (22) Among them, To release the increased power of the chiller unit when storing cold energy, The electrical power of the chiller unit at the moment when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero.

[0052] Referring to Figure 2, the changes in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are as follows: (23) Among them, The change in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 when releasing stored cold energy. and These are the rated power and rated air volume flow rate of the No. 2 fan, respectively, and are fixed values ​​with a value greater than zero; and These are the rated power and rated air volume flow rate of fan number one, respectively, and are fixed values ​​with a value greater than zero. and These are the airflow rates through fan number one and fan number two, respectively, and are values ​​to be determined.

[0053] Therefore, when a data center receives power scheduling control commands, the following relationship exists: (twenty four) (25) Among them, The sum of the power increments of the server, chiller, and fan when the phase change energy storage unit releases cooling capacity. The cooling energy released by the phase change energy storage unit.

[0054] From equations (14) to (23), it can be seen that equations (24) and (25) are airflow rates. and The function is used to solve equations (24) and (25) using the quasi-Newton method or numerical calculation method to obtain the solution of the nonlinear equation system. and .

[0055] (26) In the above formula and These are the maximum air volume flow rates of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2, respectively. The actual air volume flow rates of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are determined according to equation (24). and Simultaneously, the cooling power generated by the phase change energy storage unit is obtained. .

[0056] The data center control unit executes and issues adjustment commands. Referring to Figure 2, valve 1 opens, and fan 1 starts; valve 2 closes; valve 3 opens, and fan 2 starts; the air volume flow rates of fans 1 and 2 are adjusted as follows: and After entering the cold aisle of the data center, the two airflows pass through the data center servers and become the return air of the server room. The return air is then sent to the phase change energy storage unit and the data center air conditioning for cooling.

[0057] This invention achieves regulation and control of the power grid's power to the data center by adjusting the air volume flow rate of fan number one and fan number two. The airflow at this time is shown in Figure 3.

[0058] when At that time, if the output of the phase change energy storage unit in the relative data center is zero, the data center needs to increase its power output. If the phase change energy storage unit meets the conditions... If the phase change energy storage unit refuses to operate, it will not respond to the power adjustment command issued by the power grid to the data center; otherwise, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the power adjustment command of the system, absorb and store the cooling capacity of the chiller unit, and increase the electrical load of the data center.

[0059] The formula for the temperature of the outlet gas flow of a phase change energy storage unit is: (27) (28) Among them, , These are the airflow temperatures at the outlet of the phase change energy storage unit and the air conditioning outlet, respectively, when absorbing cold energy. For fixed values, This represents the current SOC value of the phase change energy storage unit; The airflow rate of the No. 2 fan when absorbing cold energy through the phase change energy storage unit. and These are the density and specific heat capacity of air, respectively.

[0060] Calculated output cooling power of phase change energy storage unit Less than zero. That is, in this state, the phase change energy storage unit is in the process of absorbing cold energy.

[0061] The air intake temperature for servers in the data center is: (29) Among them, This refers to the air intake temperature of the data center's server room when the phase change energy storage unit is absorbing cold energy. and These are the air volume flow rates through valve number one and the phase change energy storage unit, respectively, when absorbing cold energy. Then, using... In the substitution formula (5) The server power at that intake temperature can then be calculated. As shown in the following formula: (30) Among them, For the server's temperature factor, This refers to the server's peak power consumption, provided by the manufacturer. The server's electrical power when absorbing cold energy.

[0062] Then the server power at this time Server power when the output of the relative phase change energy storage unit is zero The power increment is: (31) Among them, The power increment of a data center server when absorbing cold energy for a phase change energy storage unit.

[0063] The partial load factor (PLR) of the chiller unit is: (32) Among them, The phase change energy storage unit absorbs the cooling capacity of the chiller unit at a partial load rate. The cooling capacity of the chiller unit changes with temperature. The cooling energy released by the phase change energy storage unit. The coefficient for converting electrical energy consumed by the server into heat energy is set to 1. This refers to the nominal cooling capacity of the chiller unit.

[0064] chiller unit The calculation formula is: (33) Among them, The energy input ratio (EIR) is used to correct the PLR ​​when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cold energy.

[0065] After the phase change energy storage unit releases the cooling capacity, the electrical power of the chiller unit is: in, The electrical power of the chiller unit when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cooling energy. This refers to the nominal power of the chiller unit. and The calculation formulas are shown in equations (9) and (11), respectively.

[0066] Therefore, the change relative to when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero is: (34) Among them, The power increment of the chiller unit when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cold energy.

[0067] Referring to Figure 2, the changes in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are as follows: (35) Among them, This refers to the increase in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 when absorbing cold energy. , These are the airflow rates through fan number one and fan number two when absorbing cold energy, respectively. , These are the rated air volume flow rates for fan number one and fan number two, respectively. and These are the rated power of fan number one and fan number two, respectively, and are fixed values.

[0068] Therefore, when a data center receives power scheduling control commands, the following relationship exists: (36) Among them, The sum of the power increments of the server, chiller, and fan when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cold energy.

[0069] (37) Among them, The cold energy absorbed by the phase change energy storage unit.

[0070] From equations (26) to (35), it can be seen that equations (36) and (37) are airflow rates. and The function is used to solve equations (36) and (37) using the quasi-Newton method or numerical calculation method to obtain the solution of the nonlinear equation system. and and the cold power absorbed by the phase change energy storage unit. .

[0071] (38) In the above formula and These are the maximum air volume flow rates of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2, respectively. The actual air volume flow rates of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are determined according to equation (38). and Simultaneously, the cooling power generated by the phase change energy storage unit is obtained. .

[0072] The data center control unit executes and issues adjustment commands: Referring to Figure 2, air valve 1 opens, and fan 1 starts; air valve 2 opens; air valve 3 closes, and fan 2 starts; adjust the air volume flow rates of fans 1 and 2 as follows: and This invention achieves regulation and control of the power grid's power to the data center by adjusting the air volume flow rate of fan number one and fan number two. The airflow at this time is shown in Figure 4. After the two airflows enter the cold aisle of the data center, they pass through the data center servers and become the return air of the server room, which is then uniformly sent to the data center air conditioning unit for cooling through the return air duct.

[0073] Example 3: This example also provides an electronic device applicable to a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in power grid regulation, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in power grid regulation as proposed in the above examples.

[0074] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it implements a method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in power grid regulation as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0075] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the method for implementing a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in grid regulation proposed in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0076] Based on the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented using software and necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented using hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk, or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in grid regulation, characterized in that: This includes collecting relevant data parameters of the phase change energy storage unit, calculating the maximum and minimum storage cooling capacity, defining the highest and lowest values ​​of the state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit, calculating the power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero, calculating the power difference of the data center based on the power setpoint of the data center, and determining the operation of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center. The air volume flow rate of the fan is calculated by solving a system of nonlinear equations, and the electric power is adjusted accordingly.

2. The method for phase change energy storage units to assist data centers in grid regulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of collecting relevant data parameters of the phase change energy storage unit, calculating the maximum and minimum stored cooling capacity, and defining the highest and lowest values ​​of the state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit includes collecting the specific heat value of the phase change energy storage unit in both solid and liquid states, the temperature of the phase change energy storage unit, the mass of the phase change energy storage unit, and the unit latent heat of phase change of the phase change energy storage unit; the expression for calculating the maximum stored cooling capacity is: in, To maximize storage cooling capacity, 、 These are the specific heat values ​​of the phase change energy storage unit in solid and liquid states, respectively. It is the quality of variable energy storage. 、 、 These are the phase change temperature, minimum temperature, and maximum temperature of the phase change energy storage unit, respectively. The latent heat of phase change per unit of phase change energy storage unit; the expression for calculating the minimum storage cooling capacity is: in, The minimum stored cooling capacity is defined; based on the maximum and minimum stored cooling capacities, the highest and lowest states of charge (SOCs) of the phase change energy storage unit are defined as follows: in, 、 These represent the highest and lowest values ​​of the state of charge (SOC) of the phase change energy storage unit.

3. A method for assisting a data center in grid regulation using a phase change energy storage unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation of the data center's electrical power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero includes the following: The expression for calculating the data center's electrical power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero is: in, The electrical power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. This refers to the power of fan number one. This refers to the electrical power of the chiller unit when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. The rated power of fan number one This refers to the rated air volumetric flow rate of fan number one. The air volumetric flow rate of fan number one. For the energy input ratio EIR temperature correction, For data center server power, Server utilization factor 、 、 、 、 、 、 All values ​​are constants, obtained from measured data through fitting or provided by the manufacturer. For server utilization, For the server's temperature factor, This refers to the inlet airflow temperature of the data center server. This represents the server's peak power consumption.

4. A method for assisting a data center in grid regulation using a phase change energy storage unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The step of calculating the power difference of the data center based on the data center power setpoint and determining the operation action of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center includes subtracting the calculated power of the data center when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero from the data center power setpoint, as expressed in the following expression: in, To calculate the difference, Set the power consumption value for the data center.

5. A method for assisting a data center in grid regulation using a phase change energy storage unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The step of calculating the power difference of the data center based on the data center power setpoint and determining the operation of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center also includes, when When the phase change energy storage unit in the data center needs to release cooling capacity, the power of the data center is reduced when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. If the current state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit is less than the minimum state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit, the phase change energy storage unit refuses to act and does not respond to the power reduction command issued by the power grid. Otherwise, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the power adjustment command of the system, release the stored cooling capacity, and reduce the power load of the data center.

6. A method for assisting a data center in grid regulation using a phase change energy storage unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the system's power regulation command to release stored cooling capacity and reduce the data center's electrical load. This includes opening valve 1, starting fan 1, closing valve 2, opening valve 3, starting fan 2, and adjusting the air volume flow rate of fans 1 and 2. The power increment of the server when releasing cooling capacity relative to the server power when the phase change energy storage unit's output is zero is expressed as: in, The power increment of data center servers when releasing cooling energy to phase change energy storage units. For data center server power, The power consumption of the server when releasing cooling capacity; the change in the power consumption of the chiller unit after releasing the stored cooling capacity through the phase change energy storage unit, relative to when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero, is expressed as: in, For the increase in the power of the chiller unit, The electrical power of the chiller unit when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. The chiller unit power when the phase change energy storage unit releases cooling capacity; the changes in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are expressed as follows: in, This represents the increase in electrical power for both fan number one and fan number two. ， These are the airflow rates through fan number one and fan number two when releasing cooling capacity, respectively. This is the rated power value of fan number two. 、 These are the rated air volume flow rates of fan 1 and fan 2, respectively. When the data center receives the power scheduling control command, a system of nonlinear equations is constructed. The air flow rates of fan 1 and fan 2 are calculated using the method of solving the system of nonlinear equations, and the expressions are as follows: in, The sum of the power increments of the server, chiller, and fan when the phase change energy storage unit releases cooling capacity. 、 These are the density and specific heat capacity of air, respectively. It is a constant value. The cooling capacity released by the phase change energy storage unit; the actual air volume flow rate of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 that needs to be adjusted is determined by taking the maximum and minimum values, and the expression is: in, 、 These are the actual air volume flow rates of fan number one and fan number two when releasing cooling capacity, respectively. 、 These are the maximum air volume flow rates for fan number one and fan number two, respectively.

7. A method for assisting a data center in grid regulation using a phase change energy storage unit as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The step of calculating the power difference of the data center based on the data center power setpoint and determining the operation of the phase change energy storage unit of the data center also includes, when When the phase change energy storage unit in the data center needs to absorb cooling capacity, the power of the data center is increased when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. If the current state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit is greater than the maximum state of charge of the phase change energy storage unit, the phase change energy storage unit refuses to act and does not respond to the power adjustment command issued by the power grid. Otherwise, the phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the power adjustment command of the system, absorb and store the cooling capacity of the chiller unit, and increase the electrical load of the data center.

8. A method for assisting a data center in grid regulation using a phase change energy storage unit as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage unit needs to respond to the system's power regulation command, absorb and store the cooling capacity of the chiller unit, and increase the electrical load of the data center by opening valve number one, starting fan number one, opening valve number two, closing valve number three, starting fan number two, and adjusting the air volume flow rate of fans number one and two. The power increment of the server when absorbing cooling capacity relative to the server power when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero is expressed as: in, The power increase of data center servers when phase change energy storage units absorb cold energy. For data center server power, The power of the server when absorbing cold energy; the change in the power of the chiller unit after absorbing cold energy by the phase change energy storage unit relative to when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero, expressed as: in, The power increment of the chiller unit when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cooling energy. The electrical power of the chiller unit when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. The electrical power of the chiller unit when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cooling energy; the changes in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 are expressed as follows: in, The increase in electrical power of fan No. 1 and fan No. 2 when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cold energy. The power of the No. 1 wind turbine when the output of the phase change energy storage unit is zero. ， These are the airflow rates through fan number one and fan number two when absorbing cold energy, respectively. and The rated power of fan 1 and fan 2 are fixed values. When the data center receives the power scheduling control command, a system of nonlinear equations is constructed. The airflow of fan 1 and fan 2 is calculated using the method of solving the system of nonlinear equations. The expression is: in, The sum of the power increments of the server, chiller, and fan when the phase change energy storage unit absorbs cooling energy. The cooling capacity absorbed by the phase change energy storage unit; the actual air volume flow rate of the No. 1 and No. 2 fans that need to be adjusted is determined by taking the maximum and minimum values, and the expression is: in, 、 These are the actual air volume flow rates for fan number one and fan number two, respectively. 、 These are the maximum air volume flow rates for fan number one and fan number two, respectively.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method for a phase change energy storage unit to assist a data center in participating in power grid regulation as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for assisting a data center in grid regulation using a phase change energy storage unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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