Signal transmitting and receiving device, signal receiving device and signal transmitting and receiving system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a signal transmitting and receiving device, a signal receiving device and a signal transmitting and receiving system, and relates to the technical field of communication, a transmitting and receiving link is constructed by adopting an intermediate frequency receiving chip and an intermediate frequency transmitting chip which are separated, and the signal transmitting and receiving device comprises a receiving link and a transmitting link. The receiving link comprises a first low noise amplifier and a first intermediate frequency receiving chip; the transmitting link comprises an intermediate frequency transmitting chip, a beam forming network and a power amplifier. Based on the separated receiving and transmitting links, the signal receiving and transmitting device can be combined with a signal receiving device for use, the signal receiving device comprises a second low noise amplifier and a second intermediate frequency receiving chip, and baseband units of the signal receiving and transmitting device and the signal receiving device can be integrated on one baseband chip. The number of channels of the intermediate frequency transmitting chip is different from that of channels of the intermediate frequency receiving chip, asymmetric transmission of signal receiving and transmitting can be achieved, combination of the signal receiving and transmitting device and the signal receiving device can be flexibly configured, channel resources are efficiently utilized, and various signal receiving and transmitting scenes are matched.

Description

Signal transceiver, signal receiver and signal transceiver system Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal transceiver device, a signal receiving device, and a signal transceiver system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, communication frequency bands are constantly evolving towards higher frequency bands. Base stations and terminals generally adopt multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. MIMO technology refers to the technology of using multiple receiving antennas and multiple transmitting antennas simultaneously during communication. It utilizes spatial multiplexing, spatial diversity and other methods to improve the communication capacity, coverage and signal-to-noise ratio of the communication system without increasing spectrum resources.

[0003] Some frequency bands have different requirements for the number of digital and analog channels. For example, some bands require 128 or 256 digital channels but 480 analog channels. Hybrid beamforming networks are used to enhance the dimensionality between digital and analog channels. However, in large-scale signal transmission and reception, the processing methods for received and transmitted signals differ, leading to different channel requirements for each. Currently, intermediate frequency (IF) chips are typically integrated transceivers, resulting in asymmetric transmission and reception channels. Furthermore, when transmitted or received signals pass through a hybrid beamforming network, two separate networks are usually needed to process them. Therefore, existing hybrid beamforming networks often cannot separately meet the signal processing requirements of the transmission and reception links, and also waste signal transmission and reception channel resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a signal transceiver device, a signal receiving device, and a signal transceiver system. It employs separate signal transmission links and signal receiving links, and sets up a hybrid beamforming network in the signal transmission link to meet the signal processing requirements of the signal transmission link and the signal receiving link respectively, thereby avoiding the waste of signal transceiver channel resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A first aspect of this application provides a signal transceiver device, including a first baseband unit, a signal receiving link, and a signal transmitting link. The signal transmitting link includes an intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip, a hybrid beamforming network, and a power amplifier. The signal receiving link includes a first low-noise amplifier and a first IF receiver chip. The first baseband unit transmits baseband signals to the IF transmitter chip. The IF transmitter chip converts the baseband signals to radio frequency (RF) and converts them into analog signals. The hybrid beamforming network performs channel mapping on the signals output by the IF transmitter chip and expands the signal transmission channels. It also performs analog weighting on the signals output by the IF transmitter chip. The power amplifier amplifies the signals processed by the hybrid beamforming network, and the amplified signals are transmitted to an antenna for transmission. The first low-noise amplifier amplifies the signals received by the antenna. The first IF receiver chip converts the amplified signals from the first low-noise amplifier into digital signals, converts the digital signals to baseband, and transmits the digital signals to the baseband unit for processing.

[0007] The signal transceiver device provided in this application embodiment is equipped with a separate intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip and a first IF receiver chip, constructing a signal transmission link of IF transmitter chip-hybrid beamforming network-power amplifier, and a signal reception link of first low-noise amplifier-first IF receiver chip. When the signal output by the IF transmitter chip is processed by the hybrid beamforming network, the input channel and the output channel of the signal have a one-to-many mapping relationship, realizing the expansion of the signal transmission channel. By setting the IF transmitter chip and the first IF receiver chip separately, the signal transmission link and the signal reception link can be separated. Setting the hybrid beamforming network only on the signal transmission link can perform different processing on the received signal and the transmitted signal, satisfying the signal processing requirements of the signal transmission link and the signal reception link respectively, and avoiding the waste of signal transceiver channel resources.

[0008] In some embodiments, the number of signal transmission channels output by the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip is inconsistent with the number of signal transmission channels received by the first IF receiver chip. In related technologies, the number of signal transmission channels and signal reception channels in a base station are kept consistent. However, as the base station's signal transmission and reception requirements vary, keeping the number of transmission channels consistent would waste channel resources in the signal transmission or reception links where the requirement for a relatively low number of transmission channels is low. Therefore, the number of transmission channels or signal reception channels needs to be adjusted accordingly. By setting the number of signal transmission channels output by the IF transmitter chip to be inconsistent with the number of signal transmission channels received by the first IF receiver chip, different signal transmission and reception requirements of the base station can be matched, enabling multi-scenario application of signal transmission and reception, and saving signal transmission and reception channel resources.

[0009] In some embodiments, the signal transceiver further includes an antenna and a circulator. The circulator includes a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the circulator is connected to the antenna, the second end of the circulator is connected to a power amplifier, and the third end of the circulator is connected to a first low-noise amplifier. The circulator is used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier to the antenna for transmission, or to transmit the signal received by the antenna to the first low-noise amplifier. By setting the circulator, the signals received and transmitted by the antenna can be separated.

[0010] In some embodiments, the signal transceiver further includes a first filter; the first end of the circulator is connected to the antenna via the first filter. By setting the first filter to select the frequency of the transmitted signal, the signal transmitted by the circulator is filtered during signal transmission, allowing signals within a specific frequency range to pass through while filtering out other out-of-band signals; or the signal received by the antenna is filtered during signal reception, allowing signals within a specific frequency range to pass through while filtering out other out-of-band signals.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple signal receiving links, and the signal transceiver further includes a first switching circuit disposed between the circulator and the first low-noise amplifier, used to switch the conduction state of the signal receiving link and the circulator. The first switching circuit is connected between the circulator and the first low-noise amplifier. When the antenna transmits a signal, the first switching circuit is disconnected, and the circulator is disconnected from the signal receiving link; when receiving a signal, the first switching circuit is turned on, and the circulator is turned on from the signal receiving link. In TDD mode, the uplink and downlink signals of the base station are transmitted on the same frequency but switched in different time slots. Therefore, a device capable of quickly switching signal paths is needed to separate the uplink and downlink signals. By connecting the first switching circuit between the circulator and the first low-noise amplifier, the first switching circuit can connect the antenna to either the transmitting link or the receiving link, realizing the switching between the signal transmitting link and the signal receiving link, as well as signal conduction, achieving a certain degree of signal isolation and preventing crosstalk between the transmitted and received signals.

[0012] In some embodiments, the signal transceiver further includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna; the receiving antenna is connected to a first low-noise amplifier for transmitting the received signal to the first low-noise amplifier; the transmitting antenna is connected to a power amplifier for transmitting the signal amplified by the power amplifier. Separating the transmitting and receiving antennas can improve the efficiency of signal transmission and reception, and also effectively improve the accuracy of signal transmission and reception.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a signal receiving device, which includes a second intermediate frequency (IF) receiving chip, a second low-noise amplifier, and a second baseband unit. The second IF receiving chip is used to amplify the signal received by the antenna, and the second IF receiving chip is used to convert the amplified signal into a digital signal, convert the digital signal to the baseband, and send the digital signal to the baseband unit for processing.

[0014] In some embodiments, the signal receiving device further includes an antenna and a second filter; the second filter is connected between the antenna and the second low-noise amplifier.

[0015] A third aspect of this application provides a signal transceiver system, including a signal transceiver device mentioned in the first aspect and any implementation thereof, and a signal receiving device mentioned in the second aspect and any implementation thereof. The signal transceiver device includes a first baseband unit, and the signal receiving device includes a second baseband unit. The first baseband unit and the second baseband unit can be integrated into the same chip. By combining the signal transceiver device and the signal receiving device to form a signal transceiver system, it can be applied to signal transceiver scenarios under various operating conditions. The signal transceiver system provided in this application includes the signal transceiver device and the signal receiving device as described above, and therefore has all the aforementioned beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of signal transmission and reception in a related technology provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 is an architectural diagram of a signal transceiver device in a related art provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 is an architectural diagram of a signal transceiver device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 is an architectural diagram of another signal transceiver device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 is an architectural diagram of a signal receiving device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 is an architecture diagram of a signal transceiver system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a roof design provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 is an architecture diagram of another signal transceiver system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a U-shaped array transceiver antenna design in a related technology provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0026] Hereinafter, the terms "second," "first," etc., are used for descriptive convenience only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "second," "first," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "exemplary," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0028] In the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0029] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, the term "coupled connection" can be a direct electrical connection or an indirect electrical connection through an intermediate medium. The term "contact" can be direct contact or indirect contact through an intermediate medium.

[0030] In this embodiment of the application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0031] With the continuous advancement of communication technology, high-frequency bands offer wider bandwidth resources, supporting higher data transmission rates. To improve the performance of communication systems at high frequencies, current technologies utilize hybrid beamforming networks to enhance the dimensionality of digital and analog channels, thereby improving signal transmission and reception capabilities and ultimately enhancing communication quality. However, existing hybrid beamforming networks often cannot separately meet the signal processing needs of the signal transmission and reception links. These links differ in signal power, channel characteristics, and interference conditions, requiring different signal processing methods. Existing hybrid beamforming networks often fail to adapt well to these differences, resulting in suboptimal signal processing performance.

[0032] Furthermore, due to the different processing methods for received and transmitted signals, large-scale signal transmission and reception currently require different numbers of channels for each signal. For example, higher demand for signal transmission may require more transmit power and antenna ports, while higher demand for signal reception may require more receive sensitivity and antenna diversity. Currently, intermediate frequency (IF) chips are typically integrated transceivers, and when transmitted or received signals pass through a hybrid beamforming network, two separate networks are usually needed to process the transmitted or received signals. If the hybrid beamforming network cannot flexibly adjust according to the needs of the transmit or receive links, it will lead to a waste of channel resources.

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of signal transmission and reception in a related technology provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1, massive MIMO technology can significantly improve the spectral efficiency and capacity of communication systems. Some current technologies have proposed the concept of asymmetric MIMO systems, which consist of a base station and a mobile terminal. The asymmetric design of the signal receiving channel and the signal transmitting channel can better adapt to the asymmetry of uplink and downlink data traffic in actual communication scenarios. The base station is equipped with a large number of antenna arrays for transmitting and receiving millimeter-wave signals, and the mobile terminal is also equipped with multiple antennas to improve the quality of received signals and the data transmission rate.

[0035] Figure 2 is an architectural diagram of a signal transceiver device 100 in a related art according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] As shown in Figure 2, the signal transceiver device 100 includes an antenna 110, a filter 120, a circulator 130, a low-noise amplifier 140, a power amplifier 150, a hybrid beamforming network 160, an intermediate frequency chip 170, and a baseband unit 180.

[0037] The intermediate frequency chip 170 is used to convert between baseband digital signals and radio frequency (RF) signals in both signal reception and signal transmission directions. For example, it up-converts the baseband digital signal output from the baseband unit 180 into an RF signal, converts it into an analog signal, and then transmits it to the power amplifier 150. The power amplifier 150 amplifies the RF signal and transmits it to the antenna for transmission. Alternatively, it converts the RF signal transmitted by the low-noise amplifier 140 into a digital signal, down-converts it into a baseband signal, and then provides it to the baseband unit 180 for processing.

[0038] The hybrid beamforming network 160 can obtain multiple signals with phase and amplitude satisfying specific relationships by precisely controlling the phase and amplitude of the signal, thereby expanding the number of signal channels and beamforming.

[0039] The circulator 130 can separate signals in the two transmission directions of signal reception and signal transmission. For example, the circulator 130 can be used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier 150 to the antenna 110 for transmission, or the circulator 130 can be used to transmit the signal received by the antenna 110 to the low-noise amplifier 140. A filter 120 can also be provided between the circulator 130 and the antenna. The filter 120 can be used to filter out out-of-band signals.

[0040] Signal transceiver devices have different requirements for the number of digital and analog channels. Therefore, a hybrid beamforming network 160 can expand the number of channels while implementing beamforming. For example, in the signal transmission direction, the hybrid beamforming network 160 is connected between the intermediate frequency chip 170 and the power amplifier 150. The hybrid beamforming network 160 is used to perform channel mapping on the signal output by the intermediate frequency chip 170. To ensure the transmission integrity of the output signal of the intermediate frequency chip 170, the channel mapping is usually in a one-to-many form, that is, one input channel corresponds to multiple output channels. For example, referring to Figure 2, in the signal transmission direction, when the hybrid beamforming network 160 has 256 input channels, the output channels after channel mapping are 480, thus increasing the number of signal transmission channels.

[0041] In the signal receiving direction, the hybrid beamforming network 160 performs channel mapping on the signal amplified by the low-noise amplifier 140 and sends it to the intermediate frequency chip 170. It is also used to beamform the signal amplified by the low-noise amplifier 140. The hybrid beamforming network 160 is connected between the intermediate frequency chip 170 and the low-noise amplifier 140. The hybrid beamforming network 160 performs channel mapping on the signal amplified by the low-noise amplifier 140 and sends it to the intermediate frequency chip 170. Considering the signal processing capability of the intermediate frequency chip 170, in order to ensure the transmission integrity of the signal amplified by the low-noise amplifier 140 and the symmetrical transmission and reception of the signal, in the signal receiving direction, the channel mapping is usually in a many-to-one form, that is, multiple input channels correspond to one output channel. For example, referring to Figure 2, in the signal receiving direction, when the input channels of the hybrid beamforming network 160 are 480, the output channels after channel mapping are 256, which reduces the number of signal transmission channels.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the intermediate frequency chip 170 integrates signal transmission and reception, and the hybrid beamforming network 160 integrating transmission and reception is set on the signal transmission link and the signal reception link. When the demand for transmitted signals and received signals is different, the integrated intermediate frequency chip 170 and the hybrid beamforming network 160 integrating transmission and reception links, and when the transmitted or received signals pass through the hybrid beamforming network 160, usually two sets of networks are needed to process the transmitted or received signals respectively. Therefore, the existing hybrid beamforming network 160 usually cannot meet the signal processing requirements of the signal transmission link and the signal reception link respectively, and will also cause problems such as waste of signal transmission and reception channel resources.

[0043] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a signal transceiver device to meet the signal processing requirements of the transmission link and the receiving link respectively, thereby avoiding the waste of signal transceiver channel resources.

[0044] Figure 3 is an architectural diagram of a signal transceiver device 200A provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Based on this, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the signal transceiver 200A includes a first baseband unit 260, a signal transmission link, and a signal receiving link. The signal transmission link includes an intermediate frequency transmission chip 210, a hybrid beamforming network 230, and a power amplifier 240; the signal receiving link includes a first low noise amplifier 250 and a first intermediate frequency receiver chip 220.

[0046] The hybrid beamforming network 230 is connected between the intermediate frequency transmitter chip 210 and the power amplifier 240, and the baseband unit 260 is connected to the intermediate frequency transmitter chip 210 and the first intermediate frequency receiver chip 220 respectively.

[0047] The baseband unit 260 is used to transmit the baseband signal to be transmitted to the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210. The IF transmitter chip 210 is used to convert the baseband signal to be transmitted to radio frequency (RF) and convert it into an analog signal. The hybrid beamforming network 230 is used to perform channel mapping on the signal output by the IF transmitter chip 210 and expand the signal transmission channel. It is also used to perform beamforming on the signal output by the IF transmitter chip 210. The power amplifier 240 is used to amplify the signal processed by the hybrid beamforming network 230. The amplified signal is then transmitted to the antenna for transmission.

[0048] The first low-noise amplifier 250 is used to amplify the signal received by the antenna, the first intermediate frequency receiver chip 220 is used to convert the signal amplified by the first low-noise amplifier 250 into a digital signal, and convert the digital signal to the baseband; the first baseband unit 260 is used to receive the digital signal sent by the first intermediate frequency receiver chip 220.

[0049] Specifically, the baseband unit 260 is responsible for processing the raw digital signal. It typically encodes and modulates the raw digital signal to generate the baseband signal to be transmitted. This baseband signal usually has a low frequency range and contains the information to be transmitted. These baseband signals need further processing by the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210 before they can be transmitted in the wireless channel. The baseband unit 260 is also responsible for receiving the digital signal transmitted by the first IF receiver chip 220. The baseband unit 260 performs decoding, demodulation, and error correction operations on the received digital signal to recover the original information. These processing steps are the reverse of the encoding and modulation processes used when transmitting the signal. For example, the baseband unit decodes the received digital signal, converting the binary digital sequence into the original information data, and then demodulates it to recover the original signal waveform. If errors occur during transmission, error correction processing is also required to improve signal reliability.

[0050] Specifically, the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210 converts the baseband signal to be transmitted to the radio frequency band, which can give the signal better propagation characteristics and enable it to be transmitted over a longer distance. The IF transmitter chip 210 converts digital signals into analog signals, which can be radiated through an antenna. Therefore, the IF transmitter chip 210 needs to have high-precision signal conversion capabilities to ensure the quality and reliability of signal transmission.

[0051] Specifically, the hybrid beamforming network 230 is connected between the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210 and the power amplifier 240. It performs channel mapping on the signal output from the IF transmitter chip 210 and expands the signal transmission channels. That is, the hybrid beamforming network 230 can map the signal output from the IF transmitter chip from a specific input channel to a corresponding output channel according to preset rules or algorithms, and the signal is then transmitted to the power amplifier 240 through the corresponding output channel. In this embodiment, the signal transmitted by the IF transmitter chip 210 is typically weak. Therefore, to ensure the integrity and accuracy of signal transmission, the hybrid beamforming network 230 performs one-to-many channel mapping on the signal output from the IF transmitter chip 210, thereby expanding the signal transmission channels.

[0052] Specifically, the hybrid beamforming network 230 is also used to beamform the signal output by the intermediate frequency transmitter chip 210. The hybrid beamforming network 230 ensures signal transmission and reception quality by using a combination of analog and digital signal processing technologies. In the hybrid beamforming network 230, the digital beamforming part is mainly performed in the baseband, optimizing transmission performance by adjusting the amplitude and phase of the signal, while the analog beamforming part is usually performed in the radio frequency domain, mainly adjusting the phase of the signal through devices such as phase shifters, thereby achieving beamforming and pointing.

[0053] Specifically, power amplifier 240 amplifies the signal processed by hybrid beamforming network 230, and the amplified signal is transmitted to the antenna for transmission. This is because after various signal processing operations, the signal power may be insufficient for effective wireless transmission. Power amplifier 240 can boost the signal power to a sufficient level to overcome signal attenuation, noise, and interference during long-distance transmission, ensuring the signal reliably reaches the receiving end. Common types of power amplifiers include transistor power amplifiers, such as bipolar transistors and field-effect transistors, and vacuum tube power amplifiers, which enhance signal power by controlling the electron flow or the intensity of the electromagnetic field.

[0054] Specifically, the first low-noise amplifier 250 is used to amplify the signal received by the antenna. The first low-noise amplifier 250 is mainly used to amplify weak signals received by the antenna. When the signal received by the antenna is weak, it may be overwhelmed by noise and interference. The first low-noise amplifier 250 can amplify the signal while minimizing the noise it introduces, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio. By amplifying the signal received by the antenna, the first low-noise amplifier 250 can improve the signal receiving sensitivity.

[0055] Specifically, the first intermediate frequency (IF) receiver chip 220 converts the signal amplified by the first low-noise amplifier 250 into a digital signal and then converts the digital signal to baseband. For example, the first IF receiver chip 220 includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a down-conversion unit. The ADC samples and quantizes the continuous analog signal into a discrete digital signal for subsequent digital signal processing. The down-conversion unit converts the digital signal to baseband. In wireless communication, the received signal is usually in the radio frequency (RF) band, while the baseband signal is a signal that directly contains information after modulation and demodulation. Through frequency conversion, the RF signal is converted into a baseband signal for subsequent decoding, demodulation, and other processing by the baseband unit 260.

[0056] In the above embodiments, by separating the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210 and the first IF receiver chip 220, the signal transmission and reception channels are separated. Furthermore, a hybrid beamforming network 230 is only set on the signal transmission link. The hybrid beamforming network 230 is used to perform channel mapping on the signal output by the IF transmitter chip 210 and expand the signal transmission channel. The hybrid beamforming network is not set on the signal reception link, which enables asymmetric transmission of signals and matches various signal transmission and reception scenarios.

[0057] In some embodiments, two sets of matching hybrid beamforming networks can be set on the signal transmission link and the signal reception link respectively. On the one hand, on the signal transmission link, one set of hybrid beamforming network is used to perform channel mapping on the signal output by the intermediate frequency transmitter chip and expand the signal transmission channel. On the other hand, on the signal reception link, another set of hybrid beamforming network is used to perform channel mapping on the signal transmitted by the circulator and reduce the signal transmission channel, which can realize asymmetric transmission of signal transmission and reception and match various signal transmission and reception scenarios.

[0058] In some embodiments, the number of signal transmission channels for the output signal of the intermediate frequency transmitting chip 210 is inconsistent with the number of signal transmission channels for the signal received by the first intermediate frequency receiving chip 220.

[0059] Specifically, under normal circumstances, the signal transmission channel and the signal reception channel in a base station are consistent. However, as the base station's needs for signal transmission and reception vary, if the signal transmission channel and the signal reception channel remain consistent, it will result in a waste of signal transmission and reception channel resources. Therefore, the signal transmission channel or the signal reception channel also needs to be matched and adjusted accordingly.

[0060] For example, when the base station's demand for signal reception increases, the number of signal transmission channels for the first intermediate frequency receiving chip 220 to receive signals is greater than the number of signal transmission channels for the intermediate frequency transmitting chip 210 to output signals.

[0061] For example, when the base station's demand for signal transmission increases, the number of signal transmission channels for the first intermediate frequency receiving chip 220 to receive signals is less than the number of signal transmission channels for the intermediate frequency transmitting chip 210 to output signals.

[0062] In the above embodiments, by setting the number of signal transmission channels of the output signal of the intermediate frequency transmitting chip 210 to be inconsistent with the number of signal transmission channels of the received signal of the first intermediate frequency receiving chip 220, different signal transmission and reception requirements of the base station can be matched, enabling the application of signal transmission and reception in multiple scenarios, and saving signal transmission and reception channel resources.

[0063] Based on this, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the signal transceiver 200A includes an antenna 270 and a circulator 280. The circulator 280 includes a first end, a second end and a third end. The first end of the circulator 280 is connected to the antenna 270, the second end of the circulator is connected to the power amplifier 240, and the third end of the circulator is connected to the first low noise amplifier 250.

[0064] The circulator 280 is used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier 240 to the antenna 270 for transmission, or to transmit the signal received by the antenna 270 to the first low-noise amplifier 250.

[0065] Specifically, the circulator 280 typically has three or more ports in which signals can only be transmitted in a specific direction. In some other embodiments, alternative devices for the circulator, such as isolators, may be determined based on the actual situation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first end of the circulator 280 is connected to the antenna 270, the second end of the circulator is connected to the power amplifier 240, and the third end of the circulator is connected to the first low-noise amplifier 250. The circulator 280 is used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier 240 to the antenna 270 for transmission, or to transmit the signal received by the antenna 270 to the first low-noise amplifier 250. Therefore, thanks to the specific directional transmission characteristics of the circulator, the circulator can effectively isolate signals from different directions and prevent interference between signals.

[0067] Specifically, antenna 270 is used to transmit and receive corresponding signals. In this embodiment, antenna 270 is a combined transmit and receive antenna, that is, an antenna capable of simultaneously transmitting and receiving signals. The combined transmit and receive antenna utilizes the principle of antenna reciprocity, which means that an antenna has the same characteristics in both transmitting and receiving states. When the antenna transmits a signal, current flows within the antenna, generating an electromagnetic field that radiates into space. When receiving a signal, the electromagnetic field in space induces a current in the antenna.

[0068] In the above embodiments, by setting up an antenna and a circulator, the signals received and transmitted by the antenna can be separated, ensuring the separate transmission of received and transmitted signals and the accuracy of transmitted signals, and preventing interference between signals.

[0069] Based on this, in some embodiments, the signal transceiver 200A further includes a first filter 290; the first end of the circulator 280 is connected to the antenna 270 through the first filter 290.

[0070] Specifically, in wireless communication, different communication systems may use different frequency ranges. Filters ensure that only the specific frequency signals required by the communication system can pass through. The first filter 290 allows signals within a specific frequency range to pass through while suppressing signals of other frequencies, thus ensuring signal transmission quality and preventing interference from other frequency signals. For example, the first filter 290 can remove noise, interference signals, and other frequency components that may affect communication quality.

[0071] Specifically, the first filter 290 is used to filter out signals with excessively high power or unwanted frequency signals. High-power signals or interference signals of a specific frequency may damage sensitive components of the receiving device. The first filter 290 can filter the signal before it enters the receiving device, reducing the potential risk of damage.

[0072] In the above embodiments, by setting the first filter 290 to select the frequency of the transmitted signal, signals within a specific frequency range are allowed to pass through while signals of other frequencies are suppressed, thus ensuring the signal transmission quality.

[0073] Based on this, in some embodiments, there are multiple signal receiving links. As shown in FIG3, the signal transceiver 200A also includes a first switching circuit, which is disposed between the circulator and the multiple signal receiving links and is used to switch the signal receiving links connected to the circulator.

[0074] For example, in Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, the uplink and downlink signals of a base station are typically transmitted on the same frequency. Since the uplink and downlink signals switch between different time slots, a path capable of quickly switching signals is needed to ensure proper separation and transmission of the uplink and downlink signals. A first switch S1 is connected between the circulator 280 and the first low-noise amplifier 250. Based on the time slot switching signal, it can connect the antenna to either the signal transmission link or the signal reception link. During a specific time slot, if it is the signal reception link transmission time, the first switch S1 closes to connect the antenna to the signal reception link, allowing the received signal to be transmitted through the first low-noise amplifier 250 to subsequent circuits for processing. During the signal transmission link transmission time, the first switch S1 opens to connect the antenna to the signal transmission link, allowing the transmitted signal to be successfully transmitted to the antenna and sent out.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the first switching circuit can accurately switch the signal path by rapidly responding to changes in the time slot, thereby achieving seamless switching between the transmit link and the receive link and ensuring the continuity and stability of signal transmission.

[0076] Figure 4 is an architectural diagram of a signal transceiver device 200B provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0077] Based on this, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG4, the signal transceiver 200B includes a first baseband unit 260, a signal transmission link, a signal reception link, a receiving antenna 270A, and a transmitting antenna 270B. The signal transmission link includes an intermediate frequency transmission chip 210, a hybrid beamforming network 230, and a power amplifier 240; the signal reception link includes a first low noise amplifier 250 and a first intermediate frequency receiving chip 220.

[0078] The receiving antenna 270A is connected to the first low-noise amplifier 250 and is used to transmit the received signal to the first low-noise amplifier 250; the transmitting antenna 270B is connected to the power amplifier 240 and is used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier 240.

[0079] Specifically, when a signal is radiated through an antenna, some energy may be directly coupled into the receiving antenna. Transmitted signals typically have high power, and even a small portion leaking into the receiving path can severely interfere with the weak received signal. For example, in high-power transmission, the leaked signal may saturate the amplifier, preventing normal reception of the target signal. Simultaneously, the received signal may also be affected by interference generated by the transmitted signal through other pathways. For instance, the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitted signal in the surrounding environment may be induced in the receiving antenna.

[0080] Specifically, the receiving antenna 270A transmits the received signal to the first low-noise amplifier 250. The receiving antenna 270A typically has a specific frequency response and directivity, enabling it to effectively capture signals from a specific direction.

[0081] Specifically, the transmitting antenna 270B is connected to the power amplifier 240 and is used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier 240. The transmitting antenna 270B radiates the signal into space. The design of the transmitting antenna needs to take into account factors such as the frequency, power, and directivity of the transmitted signal to ensure that the signal can be effectively transmitted to the target receiving end.

[0082] In the above embodiments, separating the transmitting antenna 270B and the receiving antenna 270A increases the spatial distance between them, thereby reducing direct electromagnetic coupling. This separate antenna configuration significantly weakens the strength of the transmitted signal reaching the receiving antenna, reducing interference and improving the accuracy of signal transmission and reception.

[0083] Figure 5 is an architectural diagram of a signal receiving device 300A provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0084] Based on this, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the signal receiving device 300A includes a second baseband unit 350, a second intermediate frequency receiving chip 310, and a second low noise amplifier 320; the second low noise amplifier 320 is used to amplify the signal received by the antenna 330, and the second intermediate frequency receiving chip 310 is used to convert the signal amplified by the second low noise amplifier 320 into a digital signal and convert the digital signal to the baseband.

[0085] Specifically, in some embodiments, when the base station only needs to receive signals, a separate signal receiving device can be set up for receiving signals only.

[0086] Specifically, antenna 330 receives radio frequency signals from space. The signals received by antenna 330 first enter the second low-noise amplifier 320, which amplifies the received signals. The amplified signals are then transmitted to the second intermediate frequency receiver chip 310. The second intermediate frequency receiver chip 310 converts the amplified signals from the second low-noise amplifier 320 into digital signals through analog-to-digital conversion and converts them to baseband. The analog-to-digital conversion is implemented by an analog-to-digital converter, which converts analog signals into digital signals and converts the signals from the radio frequency band to the baseband, preparing for subsequent signal demodulation, decoding, and other operations.

[0087] In the above embodiment, the signal receiving device 300A is used for signal reception. It is equipped with a second intermediate frequency receiving chip 310 and a second low noise amplifier 320. The second low noise amplifier 320 amplifies the signal received by the antenna while minimizing the noise it introduces. The amplified signal is sent to the second intermediate frequency receiving chip. The second intermediate frequency receiving chip converts the analog signal into a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion and then converts it to the baseband frequency before sending it to the baseband unit, thus ensuring the accuracy of the signal reception and transmission.

[0088] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5, the signal receiving device 300A further includes a second filter 340; the second filter 340 is connected between the antenna 330 and the second low noise amplifier 320; the second filter 340 is used to filter the signal received by the antenna 330 and send it to the second low noise amplifier 320.

[0089] Specifically, the second filter 340 can protect the receiving device from damage caused by excessively high-power signals or unwanted frequency signals. High-power signals or interference signals of a specific frequency may damage sensitive components of the receiving device. The second filter 340 can filter the signal before it enters the receiving device, reducing the potential risk of damage.

[0090] Understandably, the second filter 340 is connected to the antenna 330, ensuring that the signal received from the antenna 330 first passes through the second filter 340 for frequency selection. The second filter 340, according to its set frequency characteristics, allows signals within a specific frequency range to pass through, while suppressing signals of other frequencies.

[0091] In the above embodiments, the second filter 340 can ensure that signals of a specific frequency can pass through. The second filter 340 can allow signals within a specific frequency range to pass through while suppressing signals of other frequencies, thus ensuring signal transmission quality and preventing signals of other frequencies from interfering with communication.

[0092] This application also provides a signal transceiver system, including any of the above-described signal transceiver devices and any of the above-described signal receiving devices.

[0093] Figure 6 is an architecture diagram of a signal receiving system 400 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0094] As shown in Figure 6, the signal transceiver system includes a signal transceiver device 200A and a signal receiver device 300A.

[0095] Specifically, in a subband duplex transmission-receiver separation scenario, the spectrum is divided into multiple subbands. One subband is used for uplink (from the terminal device to the base station) communication, and another subband is used for downlink (from the base station to the terminal device) communication. This allows for bidirectional communication simultaneously. Therefore, the transmission and reception functions are physically separated; that is, the signal transceiver system requires dedicated transmit and receive links, respectively responsible for signal transmission and reception. For example, independent transmit and receive antennas can be set, or transmission-receiver separation can be achieved through different RF paths and circuits. In some embodiments, different signal processing algorithms and links are used for uplink and downlink signals. For example, uplink signals may require specific amplification, filtering, and modulation processing, while downlink signals require more signal channels for transmission.

[0096] Specifically, in the signal transceiver 200A, the first baseband unit 260 transmits the baseband signal to the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210. The IF transmitter chip 210 converts the baseband signal to radio frequency (RF) and then converts it to an analog signal. The hybrid beamforming network 230 performs channel mapping on the signal output from the IF transmitter chip 210, expands the signal transmission channel, and also performs beamforming on the signal output from the IF transmitter chip 210. The power amplifier 240 amplifies the signal processed by the hybrid beamforming network 230, and the amplified signal is transmitted to the antenna 270 for transmission. The first low-noise amplifier 250 amplifies the signal received by the antenna 270. The first IF receiver chip 220 converts the amplified signal from the first low-noise amplifier 250 into a digital signal and converts the digital signal to baseband. The baseband unit 260 receives the digital signal transmitted by the first IF receiver chip 220.

[0097] For example, referring to Figure 6, the number of signal transmission channels from the first baseband unit 260 to the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210 is 256, which matches the processing capability of the first baseband unit 260. The number of signal transmission channels from the IF transmitter chip 210 is also 256. After channel mapping by the hybrid beamforming network 230, the expanded number of signal transmission channels is 480. When the first low-noise amplifier 250 amplifies the signal received by the antenna 270 and transmits it to the first IF receiver chip 220, the number of signal transmission channels remains 480. Because of the processing capability limitations of the first baseband unit 260 in this embodiment, the number of signal transmission channels from the first IF receiver chip 220 to the baseband unit 260 needs to be reduced to 256. Specifically, the reduction in the number of signal transmission channels between the first IF receiver chip 220 and the first baseband unit 260 is achieved through joint channel reduction by both the first IF receiver chip 220 and the first baseband unit 260.

[0098] Specifically, in some embodiments, after the first intermediate frequency receiving chip 220 converts the signal amplified by the first low noise amplifier 250 into a digital signal, it can reduce the dimensionality of the digital signal according to the actual signal processing requirements before sending it to the first baseband unit 260; in some embodiments, the first baseband unit 260 can also reduce the dimensionality of the digital signal again according to the actual signal processing requirements.

[0099] Specifically, in the signal receiving device 300A, the antenna 330 receives radio frequency signals from space. The signal received by the antenna 330 first enters the second low-noise amplifier 320, which amplifies the received signal. The amplified signal is then transmitted to the second intermediate frequency receiving chip 310. The second intermediate frequency receiving chip 310 converts the signal amplified by the second low-noise amplifier 320 into a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion, and then converts it to baseband frequency and sends it to the first baseband unit 260 to prepare for subsequent signal demodulation, decoding and other operations.

[0100] For example, referring to Figure 6, the number of signal transmission channels from the second low-noise amplifier 320 to the second intermediate frequency receiver chip 310 is 120, and the number of signal transmission channels from the second intermediate frequency receiver chip 310 to the first baseband unit 260 is also 120. This is because the processing capacity of the first baseband unit 260 in this embodiment can accommodate more than 120 transmission channels, so no channel dimensionality reduction processing is required.

[0101] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a roof design provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0102] As shown in Figure 7, the rooftop can be divided into zones according to the actual situation. The rooftop can be set as a signal receiving zone and a signal transceiver zone. Any of the above-mentioned signal transceiver devices can be installed in the signal transceiver zone, and any of the above-mentioned signal receiving devices can be installed in the signal receiving zone.

[0103] Figure 8 is an architecture diagram of a signal receiving system 500 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0104] As shown in Figure 8, the signal transceiver system includes a signal transceiver device 200A and two signal receiving devices 300A.

[0105] Specifically, in a U-shaped array with separate transmit and receive antennas, the antenna array is arranged in a U-shape, with the transmit and receive antennas positioned separately within the U. This separation reduces interference from the transmitted signal to the received signal, improving signal reception quality.

[0106] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a U-shaped array transceiver antenna design in a related technology provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0107] As shown in Figure 9, the receiving antennas are located at different positions in the U-shaped array to receive signals from different directions. The position and orientation of the receiving antennas also affect the quality and strength of the received signal. By arranging the receiving antennas appropriately, the sensitivity and anti-interference capability of the received signal can be improved. The transmitting and receiving antennas are located in the middle of the U-shaped array. Since the transmitting and receiving antennas are separate in the U-shaped array, specific signal processing techniques are required to separate the transmitted and received signals to ensure that the received signal is not interfered with by the transmitted signal and can be accurately processed and demodulated.

[0108] Specifically, in the signal transceiver 200A, the first baseband unit 260 transmits the baseband signal to the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210. The IF transmitter chip 210 converts the baseband signal to radio frequency (RF) and then converts it to an analog signal. The hybrid beamforming network 230 performs channel mapping on the signal output from the IF transmitter chip 210, expands the signal transmission channel, and also performs beamforming on the signal output from the IF transmitter chip 210. The power amplifier 240 amplifies the signal processed by the hybrid beamforming network 230, and the amplified signal is transmitted to the antenna 270 for transmission. The first low-noise amplifier 250 amplifies the signal received by the antenna 270. The first IF receiver chip 220 converts the amplified signal from the first low-noise amplifier 250 into a digital signal and converts the digital signal to baseband. The first baseband unit 260 receives the digital signal transmitted by the first IF receiver chip 220.

[0109] For example, referring to Figure 8, the number of signal transmission channels from the first baseband unit 260 to the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip 210 is 256, which matches the processing capability of the first baseband unit 260. The number of signal transmission channels from the IF transmitter chip 210 to the output signal is also 256. After channel mapping by the hybrid beamforming network 230, the expanded number of signal transmission channels is 480. When the first low-noise amplifier 250 amplifies the signal received by the antenna 270 and transmits it to the first IF receiver chip 220, the number of signal transmission channels remains 480. Because of the processing capability limitations of the first baseband unit 260 in this embodiment, the number of signal transmission channels from the first IF receiver chip 220 to the first baseband unit 260 needs to be reduced to 256. Specifically, the reduction in the number of signal transmission channels between the first IF receiver chip 220 and the first baseband unit 260 is achieved through joint channel mapping by both ends of the first IF receiver chip 220 and the first baseband unit 260.

[0110] Specifically, in some embodiments, after the first intermediate frequency receiving chip 220 converts the signal amplified by the first low noise amplifier 250 into a digital signal, it can reduce the dimensionality of the digital signal according to the actual signal processing requirements before sending it to the first baseband unit 260; in some embodiments, the first baseband unit 260 can also reduce the dimensionality of the digital signal again according to the actual signal processing requirements.

[0111] Specifically, in the two signal receiving devices 300A, the antenna 330 receives radio frequency signals from space. The signal received by the antenna 330 first enters the second low noise amplifier 320, which amplifies the received signal. The amplified signal is then transmitted to the second intermediate frequency receiving chip 310. The second intermediate frequency receiving chip 310 converts the signal amplified by the second low noise amplifier 320 into a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion, and then converts it to baseband frequency and sends it to the baseband unit 260 to prepare for subsequent signal demodulation, decoding and other operations.

[0112] For example, referring to Figure 8, the number of signal transmission channels from the second low-noise amplifier 320 to the second intermediate frequency receiver chip 310 is 256, and the number of signal transmission channels from the second intermediate frequency receiver chip 310 to the first baseband unit 260 is reduced to 128. This is because the processing capacity of the baseband unit 260 in this embodiment can accommodate less than 256 transmission channels, so channel dimensionality reduction processing is required.

[0113] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A signal transceiver device, characterized in that, The system includes a first baseband unit, a signal transmission link, and a signal reception link. The signal transmission link includes an intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip, a hybrid beamforming network, and a power amplifier. The signal reception link includes a first low-noise amplifier and a first IF receiver chip. The hybrid beamforming network is connected between the IF transmitter chip and the power amplifier. The baseband unit is connected to both the IF transmitter chip and the first IF receiver chip. The first baseband unit is used to transmit the baseband signal to the intermediate frequency (IF) transmitter chip. The IF transmitter chip is used to convert the baseband signal to radio frequency (RF) and convert it into an analog signal. The hybrid beamforming network is used to perform channel mapping on the signal output by the IF transmitter chip and expand the signal transmission channel. It is also used to perform analog weighting on the signal output by the IF transmitter chip. The power amplifier is used to amplify the signal processed by the hybrid beamforming network. The amplified signal is transmitted to the antenna for transmission. The first low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the signal received by the antenna. The first IF receiver chip is used to convert the signal amplified by the first low-noise amplifier into a digital signal and convert the digital signal to baseband. The first baseband unit is used to receive the digital signal transmitted by the first IF receiver chip.

2. The signal transceiver device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of signal transmission channels for the output signal of the intermediate frequency transmitting chip is different from the number of signal transmission channels for the signal received by the first intermediate frequency receiving chip.

3. The signal transceiver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal transceiver includes an antenna and a circulator. The circulator includes a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the circulator is connected to the antenna, the second end of the circulator is connected to the power amplifier, and the third end of the circulator is connected to the first low-noise amplifier. The circulator is used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier to the antenna for transmission, or to transmit the signal received by the antenna to the first low-noise amplifier.

4. The signal transceiver according to claim 3, characterized in that, The signal transceiver also includes a first filter; the first end of the circulator is connected to the antenna through the first filter.

5. The signal transceiver according to claim 4, characterized in that, The signal transceiver also includes a first switching circuit, which is connected between the circulator and the first low-noise amplifier, for switching the conduction state of the signal receiving link and the circulator.

6. The signal transceiver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal transceiver device further includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna; the receiving antenna is connected to the first low-noise amplifier and is used to transmit the received signal to the first low-noise amplifier. The transmitting antenna is connected to the power amplifier and is used to transmit the signal amplified by the power amplifier.

7. A signal receiving device, characterized in that, It includes a second intermediate frequency (IF) receiver chip, a second low-noise amplifier, and a second baseband unit; the second low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the signal received by the antenna, the second IF receiver chip is used to convert the signal amplified by the second IF amplifier into a digital signal, convert the digital signal to the baseband, and send the digital signal to the baseband unit for processing.

8. The signal receiving device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The signal receiving device further includes an antenna and a second filter; the second filter is connected between the antenna and the second low-noise amplifier; the second filter is used to filter the signal received by the antenna and send it to the second low-noise amplifier.

9. A signal transceiver system, characterized in that, It includes the signal transceiver device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and the signal receiving device according to any one of claims 7 to 8.

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