Camera module and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a camera module and electronic equipment. The camera module comprises a first optical element, a second optical element and a photosensitive element which are arranged from an object side to an image side. The first optical element comprises an incident surface, a first reflecting surface and an emergent surface which are arranged from the object side to the image side, the incident surface is convex at a paraxial position, the first reflecting surface is used for changing the propagation direction of the optical axis, and the emergent surface is concave at a paraxial position. The second optical element includes at least one lens. In the anti-shake process of the camera module, the first optical element moves, and the photosensitive element is kept fixed. The optical anti-shake mechanism of the camera module is low in cost and good in imaging quality.

Description

Camera modules and electronic devices

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application has the application number 202480003823.1 and the original application date is May 11, 2024. The entire contents of the original application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310556257.4, filed on May 16, 2023, entitled "Camera Module and Electronic Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of shooting equipment technology, and more particularly to a camera module and electronic device. Background Technology

[0004] Currently, camera modules in electronic devices employ periscope telephoto lenses to achieve telephoto shooting while avoiding a significant increase in module size. Periscope telephoto lenses incorporate mirrors in their optical path to achieve optical path folding. They can also feature convex lenses on the object side of the mirrors to achieve a large aperture.

[0005] The aforementioned camera modules typically achieve image stabilization through two methods: the first is through the movement of the image sensor, and the second is through the movement of a reflector. In the first method, the structure and circuit design of the image sensor's driving mechanism are complex and costly, resulting in a high overall cost for the camera module. In the second method, the reflector's driving mechanism is easy to implement and inexpensive; however, achieving image stabilization through reflector movement leads to significant image quality degradation and poor image quality. Therefore, how to make camera modules with image stabilization function both cost-effective and have high image quality is an important research direction for manufacturers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a low-cost, high-image-quality camera module and electronic device.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a camera module. The camera module includes a telephoto lens and a photosensitive element, the photosensitive element being located on the image side of the telephoto lens; the telephoto lens includes a first optical element and a second optical element; the first optical element includes an incident surface, a first reflecting surface, and an exiting surface arranged along the object side to the image side, the incident surface being convex near the optical axis, the first reflecting surface changing the propagation direction of the optical axis from a first direction to a second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction, and the exiting surface being concave near the optical axis; the second optical element is located on the image side of the first optical element, and the second optical element includes at least one lens.

[0008] In the process of image stabilization of the camera module, the first optical element rotates around a first direction and / or around a third direction, while the photosensitive element remains fixed. The third direction intersects with the first direction and with the second direction.

[0009] In this application, the camera module can drive the first optical element to move using a conventional image stabilization motor, eliminating the need for an image stabilization drive mechanism on the photosensitive element. This reduces the cost of the optical image stabilization mechanism in the camera module. Furthermore, since the first optical element has an incident surface with a convex structure and an exit surface with a concave structure, and the incident and exit surfaces move synchronously with the first reflecting surface, the incident surface can capture light and the exit surface can compensate for aberrations during image stabilization. This facilitates a reduction in the size of the camera module, enabling miniaturization, and also improves the image stabilization effect and image quality.

[0010] Furthermore, in traditional image stabilization solutions that achieve image stabilization by tilting the image sensor, a stabilization drive mechanism needs to be placed around the image sensor. The structural and circuit designs of this mechanism are complex, requiring significant installation space. Therefore, when using a photosensitive element with a diagonal greater than 10mm, the camera module size is at least 32mm. In the implementation of this application, for the same size photosensitive element, since the element is a fixed structure, there is no need for a stabilization drive mechanism. The camera module does not need to reserve installation space around the photosensitive element for this mechanism, thus reducing the overall size of the camera module and facilitating miniaturization. In some implementations, the module size can be reduced to below 31mm.

[0011] Furthermore, when the overall size of the camera module is limited, since there is no need to reserve space for the image stabilization drive structure around the image sensor, the space for the image sensor arrangement is relatively ample. The camera module can use image sensors with a larger photosensitive area, which is conducive to achieving a large target surface of the camera module.

[0012] Therefore, the camera module implemented in this application can achieve telephoto shooting with a large target area, low cost, small size, and high imaging quality.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the focal length F1 of the first optical element and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the condition: F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the focal length of the first optical element to the focal length of the telephoto lens to be greater than or equal to 1.2, the camera module can achieve better image clarity and thus better image quality when it uses the movement of the first optical element to achieve image stabilization.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the focal length F1 of the first optical element and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy: 22.5 ≥ F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. In this implementation, by further limiting the ratio F1 / Fsys of the focal length F1 of the first optical element to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens, the camera module can achieve miniaturization while maintaining image quality. Specifically, the larger the value of F1 / Fsys, the larger the focal length F1 of the first optical element, and the easier it is for the camera module to achieve better image clarity when using the movement of the first optical element for image stabilization; the smaller the value of F1 / Fsys, the smaller the focal length F1 of the first optical element, and the easier it is for the camera module to achieve miniaturization.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the focal length F1 of the first optical element satisfies: F1≤380mm. In this implementation, the camera module balances image quality and module miniaturization by limiting the value of the focal length F1 of the first optical element.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfies: 10mm ≤ Fsys ≤ 40mm.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the incident surface of the first optical element can be spherical to reduce fabrication difficulty. The exit surface of the first optical element can also be spherical to reduce fabrication difficulty. In other implementations, the incident and / or exit surfaces can be aspherical.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface satisfies: 6 mm ≤ L1S1R ≤ 300 mm.

[0019] The larger the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface, the easier it is to process; conversely, the smaller the radius of curvature L1S1R, the better the light-gathering effect. This implementation limits the value of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface within a certain range, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the incident surface and achieving better light-gathering effect.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface satisfies: 6 mm ≤ L1S1R ≤ 23 mm. In this implementation, the incident surface is easy to process and has good light collection effect. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface can also satisfy: 10 mm ≤ L1S1R ≤ 20 mm.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm. A larger radius of curvature L2S2R makes the exit surface easier to manufacture, while a smaller radius of curvature L2S2R allows for better aberration compensation. This implementation limits the value of the radius of curvature L2S2R within a certain range to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the exit surface while achieving better aberration compensation.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface satisfies: 15 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm. In this implementation, the exit surface is easy to manufacture and can better compensate for aberrations. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface can also satisfy: 16 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 40 mm.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following conditions: 0.4≤L1S1R / Fsys≤6 or 0.4≤L1S1R / Fsys≤1.4. In this implementation, the camera module limits the value of L1S1R / Fsys to better balance light-gathering performance and optical image stabilization performance.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following conditions: 0.4 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 10 or 0.9 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 6. In this implementation, the camera module limits the value of L2S2R / Fsys to achieve better image quality and optical image stabilization performance.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens being located on the object side of the first reflecting surface and the object side of the first lens being the incident surface, and the second lens being located on the image side of the first reflecting surface and the image side of the second lens being the exit surface.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the first lens can have positive optical power and can be used to reduce the light beam. For example, the first lens can be a convex lens. In this implementation, since the light beam entering the telephoto lens begins to shrink after passing through the first lens, and after being reflected by the first reflecting surface, it has already undergone a long optical path reduction before reaching the second optical element, resulting in a smaller beam diameter. Therefore, the second optical element no longer becomes the maximum limiting factor for the telephoto lens's aperture. Thus, even if the size of the second optical element is limited by the device thickness, by incorporating a first lens with positive optical power into the first optical element, the aperture of the telephoto lens can be effectively increased while maintaining the module size, achieving a large aperture.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the aperture value of a telephoto lens can be less than or equal to 2.4. For example, the aperture value of a telephoto lens can be 1.4, 1.56, 1.66, 2.06, 2.16, 2.24, 2.36, etc.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the focal length f1 of the first lens and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the condition: 0.5 ≤ f1 / Fsys ≤ 20. In this implementation, the camera module can better balance light-gathering performance and optical image stabilization performance by limiting the value of f1 / Fsys.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the second lens can have negative optical power to better compensate for aberrations and improve the imaging quality of the camera module. Furthermore, the second lens can reduce the incident angle of the light beam on the second optical element, simplifying its design and achieving better imaging results.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the focal length f2 of the second lens and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the condition: -20 ≤ f2 / Fsys ≤ 0. In this implementation, the camera module can achieve better image quality and optical image stabilization performance by limiting the value of f2 / Fsys.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes a first reflector, which includes a first reflecting surface and is a prism. The refractive index Nd of the first reflector satisfies: Nd ≤ 1.85. In this implementation, by limiting the value of the refractive index Nd of the first reflector, since the refractive index Nd is inversely proportional to the Abbe number, the first reflector has a relatively high Abbe number, thus exhibiting high dispersion performance. This ensures that excessive residual chromatic aberration is not generated, reducing the design complexity of the lens group located on its image side.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes a first reflector, which includes a first reflecting surface and is a prism; the image-side surface of the first lens is fixed to the object-side surface of the first reflector, and the object-side surface of the second lens is fixed to the image-side surface of the second reflector. In this configuration, after the first optical element is assembled, the assembly structure of the first lens and / or the second lens with the first reflector is compact, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the camera module.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the first lens, the first reflector, and the second lens are all made of glass. The first lens is cemented to the first reflector, and the second lens is cemented to the first reflector. In this implementation, the connection between the first lens and the first reflector, and the connection between the second lens and the first reflector, are both glass-to-glass cemented connections. This connection process is stable and reliable, resulting in a high assembly yield and better optical performance of the first optical element. In other implementations, the connection between the first lens and the first reflector, and the connection between the second lens and the first reflector, can also be achieved using an imprinting process.

[0034] For example, the first reflecting surface can be planar to ensure good manufacturability. In other implementations, the first reflecting surface can also correct aberrations such as astigmatism while reflecting light, thereby further improving image quality or reducing size. For example, the first reflecting surface can also be spherical, cylindrical, or freeform. A spherical surface can be convex or concave. A cylindrical surface has curvature in one direction and extends linearly in another. For example, a high-reflectivity coating can also be provided on the first reflecting surface to improve reflection efficiency, ensuring that the light beam is completely or nearly completely reflected before entering subsequent optical elements.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the second optical element includes a first lens group and a second lens group, with the second lens group located on the image side of the first lens group. The camera module achieves focusing by moving the first lens group and / or the second lens group along the optical axis. In this implementation, the second optical element includes two lens groups, and the camera module can achieve autofocus by moving at least one of the lens groups, which is beneficial for macro photography.

[0036] For example, the first lens group has positive optical power, and the second lens group has negative optical power. In some examples, the first lens group is a movable lens group, and the second lens group is a fixed lens group. The camera module achieves focusing by moving the first lens group along the optical axis. In this case, the focusing stroke of the first lens group is small, which can effectively suppress aberrations caused by focusing, giving the camera module strong focusing ability, high image quality, and strong macro capabilities. Because the focusing stroke of the first lens group is small, it is beneficial to reduce the size of the motor used to drive the movement of the first lens group, making the camera module easier to miniaturize. In addition, the second lens group can act as a field-flattening lens to compensate for some of the field curvature changes caused by focusing, thereby enhancing the focusing ability of the first lens group, resulting in strong focusing ability and higher image quality for the camera module.

[0037] In some other implementations, the first lens group is a fixed lens group, and the second lens group is a movable lens group. The camera module achieves focus by moving the second lens group along the optical axis.

[0038] In other implementations, both the first and second lens groups are movable lens groups, allowing the camera module to focus by moving the first and second lens groups along the optical axis. During focusing, the first and second lens groups can move in the same or different directions, and the moving distances can be the same or different. In this implementation, the camera module has a fast focusing speed, a short focusing stroke for the lens groups, and is capable of macro photography.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the focal length F2 of the first lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the condition: 0.2 ≤ F2 / Fsys ≤ 1. In this implementation, by setting F2 / Fsys ≤ 1, focusing can be achieved with a small displacement of the first lens group, thus reducing the focusing distance and improving focusing capability. Setting 0.2 ≤ F2 / Fsys helps control the aberrations of the beam passing through the first lens group, making it easier for the second lens group to perform aberration correction, resulting in better image quality for the camera module. Therefore, through the reasonable design of the ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens, the camera module can balance focusing capability and image quality.

[0040] For example, the focal length F2 of the first lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens can also satisfy: 0.3≤F2 / Fsys≤0.6.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the focal length F3 of the second lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens satisfy the following condition: -1.5 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.2. For example, the focal length F3 of the second lens group and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens can also satisfy the following condition: -0.9 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.3.

[0042] In this implementation, by rationally designing the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens, the camera module can balance the image quality differences between distant and close-up shots with relatively low assembly sensitivity, resulting in more uniform image quality. With lower assembly sensitivity, the telephoto lens has a wider allowable deviation (tolerance) range during assembly, making it easier to assemble.

[0043] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes 2 to 3 lenses, the first lens group includes 3 to 5 lenses, and the second lens group includes 1 to 4 lenses.

[0044] The first lens of the first lens group, which is closest to the object side, can have positive optical power so that the light beam passing through the first optical element can smoothly enter the first lens group, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0045] Among them, the last lens closest to the image side of the second lens group can have negative optical power to compensate for aberrations and improve the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the camera module achieves focusing by moving a second optical element along the optical axis. In this case, multiple lenses of the second optical element form a lens group. In this implementation, the optical path design and structural design of the camera module are relatively simple and easy to implement, and the camera module has good manufacturability.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the first optical element includes 2 to 3 lenses, and the second optical element includes 3 to 6 lenses. Exemplarily, the second optical element has positive optical power. In some implementations, the first lens of the second optical element closest to the object side can have positive optical power; the last lens of the second optical element closest to the image side can have negative optical power. In this case, the optical path design of the camera module is simple, and the image quality is high.

[0048] In some possible implementations, the total optical length (TTL) of the telephoto lens and the focal length (Fsys) of the telephoto lens satisfy the following condition: 0.8 ≤ TTL / Fsys ≤ 3.

[0049] In this implementation, by limiting the ratio of the total optical length (TTL) of the telephoto lens to the focal length (Fsys) of the telephoto lens, the telephoto lens can meet both the requirements of telephoto shooting and the requirement of short total length. The thickness of the telephoto lens is relatively small, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the camera module.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the total optical length (TTL) of a telephoto lens satisfies the following condition: 15mm ≤ TTL ≤ 50mm. For example, the total optical length (TTL) of a telephoto lens can also satisfy the following condition: 15mm ≤ TTL ≤ 30mm.

[0051] In some possible implementations, the telephoto lens also includes a second reflective surface located on the image side of the second optical element. This second reflective surface changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from a second direction to a fourth direction, which intersects with the second direction. In this case, the arrangement plane of the photosensitive element can be perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electronic device, and the size of the target surface is not limited by the thickness direction of the electronic device, thus facilitating the design of a large target surface for the camera module.

[0052] In some possible implementations, the field of view of the telephoto lens is less than or equal to 40°. In this implementation, by limiting the field of view of the telephoto lens, the camera module can better achieve telephoto shooting, and has better optical image stabilization performance and better image quality.

[0053] In some possible implementations, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element satisfies: 2.5mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm or 2.5mm≤ImgH≤4.0mm or 4.2mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm.

[0054] In this implementation, since the photosensitive element has ample space for arrangement, the camera module has less limitation on the size of the photosensitive element. Therefore, the photosensitive element can be flexibly selected with a larger or smaller target surface as needed.

[0055] In some implementations, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens is aspherical. The aspherical shape of the optical surface has different optical powers from the paraxial region to the outer field of view, so as to make the image have more uniform image quality. And / or, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens can be a freeform surface to correct aberrations.

[0056] In some implementations, the telephoto lens also includes an aperture stop. For example, the aperture stop can be mounted on a second optical element. In this case, the aperture adjustment effect of the aperture stop is better, which can improve the image quality of the telephoto lens. In other implementations, the aperture stop can also be mounted in other positions on the telephoto lens; this application does not strictly limit this.

[0057] The aperture stop can be a spacer structure or a variable fan-blade structure; alternatively, the aperture stop can be achieved through a surface coating process, such as forming the aperture stop by spraying a light-shielding material onto the lens. The position of the aperture stop can be fixed or variable. For example, the position of the aperture stop can be variable, adjusting its position according to focusing conditions to be located between different lenses.

[0058] In some implementations, at least one lens of the telephoto lens can employ irregular shaping technology to reduce the size of the telephoto lens. For example, at least one lens in the second lens or second optical element can have a notch for reducing the height of the lens. The notch can be implemented using an I-CUT process. By providing a notch on at least one lens in the second lens or second optical element to reduce the height of the lens, the size of the telephoto lens in the height direction can be effectively reduced, making the telephoto lens more suitable for miniaturized electronic devices and increasing its applicability. Furthermore, because the lens height is reduced through the notch, the lens can have a larger aperture, thereby increasing the light transmission of the telephoto lens and resulting in better image quality. Irregular shaping technology can also be used on the lens's structural support components, such as the lens barrel and spacers, to reduce the size of the telephoto lens.

[0059] In some implementations, the peripheral surface or supporting surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens can be blackened or roughened to eliminate stray light and improve image quality. Blackening can be achieved by coating or depositing matte materials such as black ink, or by applying a film. Roughening primarily increases surface roughness. Of course, in other implementations, the telephoto lens can also eliminate stray light through other methods; this application does not strictly limit this approach.

[0060] In some implementations, the materials used for different lenses in a telephoto lens can have different temperature characteristics, such as using glass and plastic respectively, to reduce the influence of ambient temperature.

[0061] In some implementations, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens can form a diffraction structure. In this implementation, by reasonably setting the diffraction structure, chromatic aberration can be reduced, and the size of the telephoto lens can also be reduced.

[0062] In some implementations, the telephoto lens may also include a liquid lens. For example, the liquid lens may be located between the first optical element and the second optical element. In this implementation, the focusing effect can be enhanced by the liquid lens to achieve super macro photography. The liquid lens is a structural component that uses liquid as a lens and changes the focal length by altering the curvature of the liquid.

[0063] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, which includes an image processor and a camera module as described above. The image processor is communicatively connected to the camera module and is used to acquire and process image data from the camera module. The electronic device of this application has good imaging quality and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 is a partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the electronic device shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 2 in some embodiments; Figure 4 is a partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 3 in some usage states; Figure 5 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 3 in one possible embodiment; Figure 6 is a partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 2 in some other embodiments; Figure 7 is a partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 6 in some usage states; Figure 8 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 6 in one possible embodiment; Figure 9 is a partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 2 in some other embodiments. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in Figure 9 in some usage states; Figure 11 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 9 in one possible embodiment; Figure 12 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 2 in other embodiments; Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in Figure 12 in some usage states; Figure 14 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 12 in one possible embodiment; Figure 15 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 2 in other embodiments; Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module shown in Figure 15 in some usage states; Figure 17 is a simulation effect diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 15 in one possible embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0065] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms used in the embodiments of this application will be explained and described below.

[0066] Focal power is equal to the difference between the convergence of the image-side beam and the convergence of the object-side beam; it characterizes the ability of an optical system to deflect light rays.

[0067] A lens or lens group with positive optical power, having a positive focal length, and having the effect of converging light.

[0068] A lens or lens group with negative optical power has a negative focal length and has the effect of diverging light.

[0069] Focal length, also known as focal length, is a measure of the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system. It refers to the perpendicular distance from the optical center of a lens or lens group to the focal plane when a distant object is projected into a sharp image. From a practical perspective, it can be understood as the distance from the center of the lens to the focal plane when the object is at infinity. For prime lenses, the position of their optical center remains constant; for telephoto lenses, changes in the optical center result in changes in the focal length.

[0070] The object side is defined by the lens; the side where the object is located is called the object side, and the surface of the lens closest to the object side is called the object side surface.

[0071] The image side is the side on which the image of the object is located, with the lens as the boundary. The surface of the lens closest to the image side is called the image side surface.

[0072] An aperture diaphragm is a device used to control the amount of light passing through the lens and entering the sensor inside the camera body; it is usually located inside the lens.

[0073] Aperture value, also known as F-number (Fno), is a relative value derived from the lens's focal length divided by the lens's entrance pupil diameter (the reciprocal of the relative aperture). A smaller aperture value allows more light to enter the lens in the same unit of time. A larger aperture value results in a shallower depth of field, blurring the background and creating an effect similar to a telephoto lens.

[0074] Total track length (TTL) refers to the total length from the surface of the lens closest to the object to the imaging plane. TTL is a major factor in determining the height of the camera.

[0075] The imaging plane is located on the image side of all lenses in a telephoto lens, and is the plane on which the image is formed after light passes through each lens in the telephoto lens in sequence.

[0076] The optical axis is a perpendicular axis passing through the center of a lens. The lens optical axis is the axis passing through the centers of all the lenses in the lens. When light rays parallel to the optical axis enter a convex lens, an ideal convex lens should have all the light rays converging at a single point behind the lens; this point where all the light rays converge is called the focal point.

[0077] The focal point is the point where parallel light rays converge after being refracted by a lens or lens group.

[0078] The image-side focal plane, also known as the back focal plane or the second focal plane, is a plane that passes through the image-side focal point (also known as the back focal point or the second focal point) and is perpendicular to the optical axis of the system.

[0079] The Abbe number, also known as the dispersion coefficient, is the ratio of the difference in refractive index of an optical material at different wavelengths, representing the degree of dispersion of the material.

[0080] The field of view (FOV) in optical instruments is the angle between the two edges of the lens, representing the maximum range through which the image of the target object can pass through the lens. The size of the FOV determines the field of view of the optical instrument; a larger FOV results in a wider field of view but a lower optical magnification.

[0081] The half-sensor diagonal ImgH (Image Hight) represents half the diagonal length of the effective pixel area on the image sensor, which is also the image height of the imaging surface.

[0082] Aberrations are the properties of an ideal optical system in the paraxial region, where paraxial rays emitted from a point on an object intersect the image plane at a single point (i.e., the paraxial image point). However, in reality, light rays passing through different apertures of a lens rarely intersect perfectly at a single point, but rather deviate from the position of the paraxial image point. These differences are collectively referred to as aberrations.

[0083] Axial spherical aberration, also known as longitudinal chromatic aberration, positional chromatic aberration, or axial aberration, occurs when a beam of light parallel to the optical axis converges at different positions after passing through a lens. This aberration is called positional chromatic aberration or axial chromatic aberration because the lens images different wavelengths of light at different positions, causing the image-side focal planes of different colors of light to not coincide in the final image, resulting in the dispersion of polychromatic light.

[0084] Distortion, also known as image distortion, refers to the degree of distortion in the image formed by an optical system relative to the object itself. Distortion occurs due to the spherical aberration of the aperture. The height of the intersection point between the principal ray from different fields of view and the Gaussian image plane is not equal to the ideal image height; this difference is the distortion. Therefore, distortion only changes the imaging position of an off-axis object point on the ideal plane, causing a distortion in the image shape, but it does not affect the image's sharpness.

[0085] Astigmatism occurs because the object point is not on the optical axis of the optical system, and the emitted beam of light has an angle with the optical axis. After refraction by a lens, the convergence points of the meridional and sagittal beams are not at the same point. That is, the beam cannot be focused on a single point, resulting in an unclear image, hence astigmatism. The meridional and sagittal beams are the names of beams in two perpendicular planes within a rotationally symmetric optical system.

[0086] The meridional plane is the plane formed by the principal ray (principal beam) of an object point outside the optical axis and the optical axis.

[0087] The sagittal surface is the plane that passes through the principal ray (principal beam) of an object point outside the optical axis and is perpendicular to the meridional plane.

[0088] Field curvature refers to the difference in optical axis between the position of the sharpest image point after rays from the off-center field of view pass through an optical lens assembly and the position of the sharpest image point in the central field of view. When a lens has field curvature, the intersection of the entire beam does not coincide with the ideal image point. Although a sharp image point can be obtained at each specific point, the entire image plane is a curved surface.

[0089] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B; the word "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.

[0090] In the following text, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0091] Furthermore, the limitations on relative positional relationships mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as parallelism and perpendicularity, are all relative to the current technological level and are not absolutely strict limitations. Slight deviations are allowed; approximations of parallelism or perpendicularity are acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. Similarly, "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0092] This application provides a camera module and an electronic device including the camera module. The camera module includes a first optical element, a second optical element, and a photosensitive element arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element includes an incident surface, a first reflecting surface, and an exit surface arranged from the object side to the image side. The incident surface is convex near the optical axis, the first reflecting surface is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis, and the exit surface is concave near the optical axis. The second optical element includes at least one lens. During the image stabilization process of the camera module, the first optical element moves while the photosensitive element remains fixed. At this time, the camera module can drive the first optical element to move using a conventional image stabilization motor, eliminating the need for an image stabilization drive mechanism on the photosensitive element, thus reducing the cost of the optical image stabilization mechanism of the camera module. Furthermore, since the first optical element has an incident surface with a convex structure and an exit surface with a concave structure, and the incident and exit surfaces move synchronously with the reflecting surface, the incident surface can collect light and the exit surface can compensate for aberrations during the image stabilization process of the camera module. This helps to reduce the module size of the camera module, realize the miniaturization of the camera module, and improve the image stabilization effect and image quality of the camera module.

[0093] Among them, electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, cameras, wearable devices, etc., which have the function of taking pictures or videos. Wearable devices can be wristbands, watches, glasses, etc.

[0094] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application, and Figure 2 is a partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the electronic device 100 shown in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the electronic device 100 is described as a mobile phone. It is understood that Figures 1 and 2 only schematically show some components included in the electronic device 100. The actual shape, size, position, and structure of these components are not limited by Figures 1 and 2, and the electronic device 100 may also include more or fewer components than those in Figures 1 and 2.

[0095] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include a screen 10, a back cover 20, a camera module 30, and a camera decorative cover 40. The screen 10 is used to display images, videos, etc. The screen 10 includes a light-transmitting cover 101 and a display screen 102. The light-transmitting cover 101 and the display screen 102 are stacked and fixedly connected. The light-transmitting cover 101 mainly serves to protect the display screen 102 and prevent dust. The material of the light-transmitting cover 101 includes, but is not limited to, glass. The display screen 102 can be a flexible display screen or a rigid display screen. For example, the display screen 102 can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (MLED) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MOLED) display screen, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display screen, a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc.

[0096] For example, the back cover 20 is used to protect the internal electronic components of the electronic device 100. The back cover 20 includes a back cover 201 and a frame 202. The back cover 201 is located on the side of the display screen 102 away from the light-transmitting cover plate 101, and is stacked with the light-transmitting cover plate 101 and the display screen 102. The frame 202 is fixed to the back cover 201. For example, the frame 202 can be fixedly connected to the back cover 201 by adhesive. The frame 202 can also be integrally formed with the back cover 201, that is, the frame 202 and the back cover 201 are a single structure. The frame 202 is located between the back cover 201 and the light-transmitting cover plate 101. The light-transmitting cover plate 101 can be fixed to the frame 202 by adhesive. The light-transmitting cover plate 101, the back cover 201, and the frame 202 form an internal receiving space for the electronic device 100. This internal receiving space accommodates the display screen 102.

[0097] For example, camera module 30 is used to capture photos / videos. For example, camera module 30 may be located within the internal storage space of electronic device 100. The number of camera modules 30 may be one or more; for example, two are illustrated in this embodiment. Camera module 30 can be used as a rear camera module or as a front camera module.

[0098] For example, the light-incident surface of the camera module 30 faces the back cover 201. The back cover 201 has a mounting opening 2011, and the camera decorative cover 40 covers and is fixed to the mounting opening 2011. The camera decorative cover 40 protects the camera module 30. In some embodiments, the camera decorative cover 40 protrudes from the back cover 201 on the side away from the light-transmitting cover plate 101. This increases the mounting space of the camera module 30 in the thickness direction of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments, the camera decorative cover 40 may be flush with the back cover 201 or recessed into the internal receiving space of the electronic device 100. The camera decorative cover 40 has a light-transmitting window 401. The light-transmitting window 401 allows light from the scene to enter the light-incident surface of the camera module 30. In this embodiment, the camera module 30 serves as a rear camera module of the electronic device 100. For example, the two camera modules 30 can be camera module 301 and camera module 302, respectively. Camera module 301 can be used as a rear-facing main camera module, and camera module 302 can be used as a rear-facing telephoto camera module. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may also include another camera module 30, used as a rear-facing wide-angle camera module.

[0099] In other embodiments, the light-incident surface of the camera module 30 faces the light-transmitting cover plate 101. The display screen 102 has a light-path-avoiding hole. This light-path-avoiding hole allows light from the scene to pass through the light-transmitting cover plate 101 and then enter the light-incident surface of the camera module 30. Thus, the camera module 30 serves as a front-facing camera module for the electronic device 100.

[0100] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the electronic device 100 further includes a circuit board 50 and an image processor 60. The circuit board 50 and the image processor 60 are located within the internal housing space of the electronic device 100. The image processor 60 is fixed to and electrically connected to the circuit board 50. The image processor 60 is communicatively connected to the camera module 30. The image processor 60 is used to acquire image data from the camera module 30 and process the image data. The communication connection between the camera module 30 and the image processor 60 can include data transmission via electrical connections such as wiring, or data transmission via coupling or other methods. It is understood that the camera module 30 and the image processor 60 can also achieve a communication connection through other methods capable of data transmission.

[0101] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include an analog-to-digital converter (also known as an A / D converter, not shown in the figure). The analog-to-digital converter is connected between the camera module 30 and the image processor 60. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the signal generated by the camera module 30 into a digital image signal and transmit it to the image processor 60. The image processor 60 then processes the digital image signal and finally displays the image or video on the screen 10.

[0102] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include a memory (not shown in the figure), which is communicatively connected to the image processor 60. The image processor 60 processes the digital image signal and then transmits the image to the memory so that the image can be retrieved from the memory and displayed on the screen 10 at any time when it is needed to view the image later. In some embodiments, the image processor 60 may also compress the processed digital image signal before storing it in the memory to save memory space.

[0103] In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may also exclude the screen 10 and / or camera cover 40.

[0104] It is understood that the mounting position of the camera module 30 of the electronic device 100 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is merely illustrative, and this application does not strictly limit the mounting position of the camera module 30. In some other embodiments, the camera module 30 may also be mounted in other locations on the electronic device 100, for example, the camera module 30 may be mounted in the upper middle or upper right corner of the back of the electronic device 100. In some other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include a terminal body and an auxiliary component that can rotate, move, or be detached relative to the terminal body, and the camera module 30 may also be mounted on the auxiliary component.

[0105] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in some embodiments, and Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 in some usage states.

[0106] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a photosensitive element 2, and a filter 3. The photosensitive element 2 is located on the image side of the telephoto lens 1. The camera module 302 may also include a circuit board (not shown), to which the photosensitive element 2 can be fixed. The filter 3 may be located between the telephoto lens 1 and the photosensitive element 2. Light can pass through the telephoto lens 1 and illuminate the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 2. Exemplarily, the working principle of the camera module 302 is as follows: light reflected from the subject passes through the telephoto lens 1 to generate an optical image, which is projected onto the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 2. The photosensitive element 2 converts the optical image into an electrical signal, i.e., an analog image signal, and transmits it to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for conversion into a digital image signal, which is then sent to the image processor 60.

[0107] The photosensitive element 2 (also known as the image sensor) is a semiconductor chip containing hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface. When illuminated, these photodiodes generate electrical charges. The photosensitive element 2 can be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device. CCDs are made using a highly sensitive semiconductor material that converts light into electrical charges. They consist of many photosensitive units, typically measured in megapixels. When light illuminates the surface of a CCD, each photosensitive unit reflects a charge onto the component. The signals generated by all the photosensitive units are combined to form a complete image. CMOS devices primarily utilize semiconductors made of silicon and germanium, allowing N-type (negative) and P-type (positive) semiconductors to coexist on the device. The current generated by these complementary effects can be recorded and interpreted by the processing chip as an image.

[0108] Among them, the telephoto lens 1 mainly uses the refraction principle of the lens to form an image, that is, the light of the scene passes through the telephoto lens 1 and forms a clear image on the focal plane, and the image of the scene is recorded by the photosensitive element 2 located on the focal plane.

[0109] The filter 3 is used to filter out unwanted wavelengths of light, preventing false colors or ripples from the photosensitive element 2, thereby improving its effective resolution and color reproduction. For example, the filter 3 can be an infrared filter. In this embodiment, the filter 3 is a separate component. In other embodiments, the filter structure may be omitted, and filtering may be achieved by surface treatment or material treatment of at least one optical element of the telephoto lens 1. This application does not strictly limit the specific embodiments of the structure or component used to achieve filtering.

[0110] The telephoto lens 1 can be a vertical lens or a periscope lens; this embodiment describes the case where the telephoto lens 1 is a periscope lens. When the telephoto lens 1 is a periscope lens, it is better suited for use in thin electronic devices.

[0111] In some embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2, with the second optical element G2 located on the image side of the first optical element G1. Exemplarily, the first optical element G1 includes an incident surface 11, a first reflecting surface 12, and an exit surface 13 arranged from the object side to the image side. The incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflecting surface 12 changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from a first direction Z to a second direction X, which intersects the first direction Z. For example, the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Z. The exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. The second optical element G2 includes at least one lens. The photosensitive element 2 is located on the image side of the second optical element G2.

[0112] For example, the first optical element G1 is a movable structure, and the photosensitive element 2 is a fixed structure. The camera module 302 achieves optical image stabilization through the movement of the first optical element G1. During the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 rotates around a first direction Z and / or around a third direction Y, while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed. The third direction Y intersects with the first direction Z and also with the second direction X. For example, the third direction Y can be perpendicular to the second direction X and perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0113] In this embodiment, the camera module 302 can drive the first optical element G1 to move using a conventional image stabilization motor, eliminating the need for an image stabilization drive mechanism on the photosensitive element 2. This reduces the cost of the optical image stabilization mechanism in the camera module 302. Furthermore, since the first optical element G1 has an incident surface 11 with a convex structure and an exit surface 13 with a concave structure, and the incident surface 11 and exit surface 13 move synchronously with the first reflecting surface 12, during image stabilization of the camera module 302, the incident surface 11 can collect light, and the exit surface 13 can compensate for aberrations. This helps to reduce the module size of the camera module 302, achieving miniaturization, and improving the image stabilization effect and imaging quality of the camera module 302.

[0114] Furthermore, in traditional image stabilization solutions that achieve image stabilization by tilting the image sensor, the stabilization drive mechanism needs to be placed around the image sensor. The structural and circuit designs of this drive mechanism are complex, requiring significant installation space. Therefore, when a photosensitive element with a diagonal greater than 10mm is needed, the camera module size is at least 32mm. However, in this embodiment, for the same size photosensitive element, since the photosensitive element 2 is a fixed structure, there is no need to set up a stabilization drive mechanism. The camera module 302 does not need to reserve installation space for the stabilization drive mechanism around the photosensitive element 2, thus reducing the module size and facilitating miniaturization. In some embodiments, the module size can be reduced to below 31mm.

[0115] Furthermore, when the overall size of the camera module 302 is limited, since there is no need to reserve space for the installation of the image stabilization drive structure around the photosensitive element 2, the arrangement space of the photosensitive element 2 is relatively ample. The camera module 302 can select a photosensitive element 2 with a large photosensitive area, which is conducive to realizing a large target surface of the camera module 302.

[0116] Therefore, the camera module 302 in this application embodiment can achieve telephoto shooting with a large target area, low cost, small size, and high imaging quality.

[0117] For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can satisfy: 2.5mm ≤ ImgH ≤ 8.16mm. In this embodiment, since the photosensitive element 2 has ample arrangement space, the camera module 302 has less limitation on the size of the photosensitive element 2. Therefore, the photosensitive element 2 can flexibly select a larger or smaller target surface as needed. For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can satisfy: 4.2mm ≤ ImgH ≤ 8.16mm. For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can be 4.4mm, 5.11mm, 6.2mm, 6.8mm, 7.3mm, etc. Alternatively, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can satisfy: 2.5mm ≤ ImgH ≤ 4.0mm. For example, the half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element 2 can be 2.8mm, 3.2mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, etc.

[0118] In some embodiments, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy: F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. For example, the value of F1 / Fsys can be 1.5, 1.82, 2.17, 2.23, 2.76, 3.19, 7.3, 12.46, 15.66, 18, etc. In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the focal length of the first optical element G1 to the focal length of the telephoto lens 1 to be greater than or equal to 1.2, the camera module 302 can achieve better image clarity and thus better imaging quality when it uses the movement of the first optical element G1 to achieve image stabilization.

[0119] For example, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy: 22.5 ≥ F1 / Fsys ≥ 1.2. In this embodiment, by further limiting the ratio F1 / Fsys of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1, the camera module 302 can achieve miniaturization while maintaining image quality. Specifically, the larger the value of F1 / Fsys, the larger the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1, and the easier it is for the camera module 302 to achieve better image clarity when using the movement of the first optical element G1 for image stabilization; the smaller the value of F1 / Fsys, the smaller the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1, and the easier it is for the camera module 302 to achieve miniaturization.

[0120] In some embodiments, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy: 10mm ≤ Fsys ≤ 40mm. For example, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can be 12mm, 14.8994mm, 15mm, 18.9mm, 19.7997mm, 20mm, 22.5mm, 24mm, 28mm, etc. The focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy: 14mm ≤ Fsys ≤ 25mm.

[0121] In some embodiments, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 satisfies: F1 ≤ 380 mm. For example, the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 can be 38.5 mm, 41.049 mm, 44.236 mm, 47.5816 mm, 52.2544 mm, 146.05 mm, 180 mm, 210.32 mm, 240 mm, etc. The focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 can also satisfy: F1 ≤ 180 mm. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 limits the value of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to balance image quality and module miniaturization.

[0122] In some embodiments, the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 can be spherical to reduce manufacturing difficulty. The exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 can also be spherical to reduce manufacturing difficulty. In other embodiments, the incident surface 11 and / or the exit surface 13 can also be aspherical.

[0123] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 can satisfy: 6mm ≤ L1S1R ≤ 300mm. For example, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 can be 9mm, 12.25mm, 13.5904mm, 13.6843mm, 13.8907mm, 14.9683mm, 17.748mm, 19.5mm, 21mm, 38mm, 100mm, etc. A larger radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 makes it easier to process, while a smaller radius of curvature L1S1R results in better light collection. This embodiment limits the value of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 to a certain range to reduce the processing difficulty of the incident surface 11 and achieve better light collection.

[0124] For example, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 can satisfy: 6mm≤L1S1R≤23mm. In this embodiment, the incident surface 11 is easy to process and has good light-gathering effect. The radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 can also satisfy: 10mm≤L1S1R≤20mm.

[0125] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 can satisfy: 10 mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300 mm. For example, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 can be 13.25 mm, 15.8 mm, 17.686 mm, 21.7868 mm, 26.4989 mm, 27.8264 mm, 33.8659 mm, 43.5 mm, 62 mm, 100 mm, etc. A larger radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 makes it easier to manufacture, while a smaller radius of curvature L2S2R allows for better aberration compensation. This embodiment limits the value of the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 within a certain range to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the exit surface 13 and achieve better aberration compensation.

[0126] For example, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 can satisfy: 15mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 300mm. In this embodiment, the exit surface 13 is easy to manufacture and can better compensate for aberrations. The radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 can also satisfy: 16mm ≤ L2S2R ≤ 40mm.

[0127] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy: 0.4 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 6. For example, the value of L1S1R / Fsys can be 0.45, 0.56, 0.69, 0.72, 0.73, 0.75, 1.19, 1.28, 2.4, 3, 4.5, etc. For example, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy: 0.4 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 1.4. Alternatively, the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy: 0.6 ≤ L1S1R / Fsys ≤ 1.2. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 limits the value of L1S1R / Fsys to better balance light-gathering performance and optical image stabilization performance.

[0128] For example, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy: 0.4 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 10. For example, the value of L2S2R / Fsys can be 0.48, 0.76, 0.95, 1.15, 1.32, 1.41, 2.27, 3.8, 4.9, 5.8, etc. For example, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy: 0.9 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 6. Or, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy: 1.1 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 3. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 limits the value of L2S2R / Fsys to achieve better image quality and optical image stabilization performance.

[0129] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the first optical element G1 may include a first lens L1 and a second lens L2. The first lens L1 is located on the object side of the first reflecting surface 12, and the object side of the first lens L1 is the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1. The second lens L2 is located on the image side of the first reflecting surface 12, and the image side of the second lens L2 is the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1. The first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 may be formed by processes such as injection molding, compression molding, or polishing. The first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 may be made of glass or plastic.

[0130] For example, the first lens L1 can have positive optical power and can be used to reduce the light beam. For example, the first lens L1 can be a convex lens. In this embodiment, since the light beam entering the telephoto lens 1 begins to shrink after passing through the first lens L1, and after being reflected by the first reflecting surface 12, it has already undergone a long optical path of shrinkage before reaching the second optical element G2, resulting in a smaller beam diameter. Therefore, the second optical element G2 no longer becomes the maximum limitation on the aperture of the telephoto lens 1. Thus, under a certain device thickness, even if the size of the second optical element G2 is limited by the device thickness, by setting the first lens L1 with positive optical power in the first optical element G1, the aperture of the telephoto lens 1 can be effectively increased while taking into account the module size, thereby achieving a large aperture.

[0131] In some embodiments, the aperture value of the telephoto lens 1 may be less than or equal to 2.4. For example, the aperture value of the telephoto lens 1 may be 1.4, 1.56, 1.66, 2.06, 2.16, 2.24, 2.36, etc.

[0132] In this embodiment, the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the following condition: 0.5 ≤ f1 / Fsys ≤ 20. For example, the value of f1 / Fsys can be 0.8, 1.16, 1.19, 1.41, 1.67, 1.92, 2.8, 3.9, 5.6, etc. Alternatively, the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy the following condition: 1.1 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 1.7 or 1.9 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ 12. In this embodiment, by limiting the value of f1 / Fsys, the camera module 302 can better balance light-gathering performance and optical image stabilization performance.

[0133] For example, the second lens L2 can have a negative optical power to better compensate for aberrations and improve the imaging quality of the camera module 302. Furthermore, the second lens L2 can reduce the incident angle of the light beam on the second optical element G2, reducing the design complexity of the second optical element G2 and achieving better imaging results.

[0134] In this embodiment, the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the condition: -20 ≤ f2 / Fsys ≤ 0. For example, the value of f2 / Fsys can be -8.8, -5.6, -3.67, -2.88, -1.86, -1.51, -1.49, -1.2, -0.8, etc. Alternatively, the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy the condition: -12 ≤ f2 / Fsys ≤ -1.48 or -1.2 ≤ L2S2R / Fsys ≤ -0.5. In this embodiment, by limiting the value of f2 / Fsys, the camera module 302 can achieve better image quality and optical image stabilization performance.

[0135] In some embodiments, when the camera module 302 is mounted on the electronic device 100, the first direction Z can be parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 100, and the second direction X can be parallel to the length or width direction of the electronic device 100. In the embodiments of this application, the specific orientations of the first direction Z and the second direction X are not strictly limited.

[0136] In this embodiment, the telephoto lens 1, by setting a first reflective surface 12 in the first optical element G1, changes the direction of light propagation, so that the direction of light propagation in the second optical element G2 can be different from the direction of light entering the electronic device 100. This makes the placement, angle, and space of the camera module 302 more flexible, and the telephoto lens 1 can be applied to periscope-type camera modules 302. In addition, since the first reflective surface 12 achieves light path deflection, it plays a role in compressing the module size, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the camera module 302.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first optical element G1 may further include a first reflector 1a, which includes a first reflecting surface 12 of the first optical element G1. For example, the first reflector 1a may be a prism. In this case, one surface of the first reflector 1a forms the first reflecting surface 12. For example, the first reflector 1a may include an object-side surface, a reflecting surface, and an image-side surface. The object-side surface of the first reflector 1a faces the first lens L1, the image-side surface of the first reflector 1a faces the second lens L2, and the reflecting surface of the first reflector 1a forms the first reflecting surface 12. Light enters from the object-side surface of the first reflector 1a, is reflected by the reflecting surface (i.e., the first reflecting surface 12), and then exits from the image-side surface of the first reflector 1a. The first reflector 1a may be formed by injection molding, compression molding, or polishing. The first reflector 1a may be made of glass or plastic.

[0138] For example, the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a can satisfy: Nd ≤ 1.85. For instance, the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a can be 1.49, 1.54, 1.62, 1.72, etc. For instance, the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a can also satisfy: Nd ≤ 1.78. In this embodiment, by limiting the value of the refractive index Nd of the first reflector 1a, since the refractive index Nd is inversely proportional to the Abbe number, the Abbe number of the first reflector 1a is relatively high, thus exhibiting high dispersion performance. This ensures that excessive residual chromatic aberration is not generated, reducing the design difficulty of the lens group located on its image side.

[0139] For example, the first reflecting surface 12 can be planar to ensure good manufacturability. In other embodiments, the first reflecting surface 12 can also correct aberrations such as astigmatism when reflecting light, thereby further improving image quality or reducing volume. For example, the first reflecting surface 12 can also be spherical, cylindrical, or freeform. A spherical surface can be convex or concave. A cylindrical surface has curvature in one direction and extends linearly in another. For example, the first reflecting surface 12 can also be provided with a high-reflectivity coating to improve reflection efficiency, ensuring that the light beam is completely or nearly completely reflected before entering subsequent optical elements.

[0140] In the embodiments of this application, the incident surface 11, the first reflecting surface 12, and the exiting surface 13 of the first optical element G1 maintain a fixed relative positional relationship.

[0141] In some embodiments, the image-side surface of the first lens L1 is fixed to the object-side surface of the first reflector 1a, and the object-side surface of the second lens L2 is fixed to the image-side surface of the first reflector 1a. The image-side surface of the first lens L1 can be planar, and / or the object-side surface of the second lens L2 can be planar. In this case, after the first optical element G1 is assembled, the assembly structure of the first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 with the first reflector 1a is compact, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the camera module 302.

[0142] For example, the first lens L1, the first reflector 1a, and the second lens L2 can all be made of glass. The first lens L1 is cemented to the first reflector 1a, and the second lens L2 is cemented to the first reflector 1a. In this embodiment, the connection between the first lens L1 and the first reflector 1a, and the connection between the second lens L2 and the first reflector 1a, are both glass-to-glass cemented connections. This connection process is stable and reliable, resulting in a high assembly yield and better optical performance of the first optical element G1. In other embodiments, the connection between the first lens L1 and the first reflector 1a, and the connection between the second lens L2 and the first reflector 1a, can also be achieved using an imprinting process.

[0143] In some other embodiments, the first lens L1, the first reflector 1a and the second lens L2 may also be integrally formed structural components, that is, the first optical element G1 may be an integral irregular prism.

[0144] In other embodiments, the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the first reflector 1a may also be made of different materials, and this application does not impose strict limitations on this. When the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 are made of different materials, aberrations can be reduced. Furthermore, the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 may have different temperature characteristics, such as thermal expansion coefficients and optical refractive index temperature coefficients, to reduce the influence of ambient temperature.

[0145] In some other embodiments, there may also be a gap between the first lens L1 and the object-side surface of the first reflector 1a, and / or, there may also be a gap between the second lens L2 and the image-side surface of the first reflector 1a. In this case, the first lens L1 and / or the second lens L2 can be fixed to the first reflector 1a by means of structural components such as a lens barrel.

[0146] In some other embodiments, the first reflector 1a of the first optical element G1 may also be a mirror, in which case the mirror surface of the mirror forms the first reflecting surface 12. The structural component forming the incident surface 11 (e.g., the first lens L1) and the structural component forming the exit surface 13 (e.g., the second lens L2) can be fixed to the first reflector 1a by structural components such as a lens barrel, so that the relative positions of the incident surface 11, the exit surface 13 and the reflecting surface are fixed.

[0147] In embodiments of this application, the first optical element G1 may include two to three lenses. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG3, the first optical element G1 includes two lenses. In some other embodiments, the first optical element G1 may also include a lens with negative optical power, located on the image side of the first lens L1 and on the object side of the first reflecting surface 12. This lens is used in conjunction with the first lens L1 to form a positive and negative lens combination structure, which can better solve aberration problems such as chromatic aberration.

[0148] In some embodiments, the second optical element G2 may include at least two lenses to form at least one lens group. The camera module 302 can achieve focusing by moving one or more lens groups along the optical axis.

[0149] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the second optical element G2 may include a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22. The second lens group G22 is located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The camera module 302 can achieve focusing by moving the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 along the optical axis.

[0150] In this embodiment, the second optical element G2 includes two lens groups. The camera module 302 can achieve autofocus by moving at least one of the lens groups, which is beneficial for macro photography.

[0151] For example, the first lens group G21 has positive optical power, and the second lens group G22 has negative optical power. In some examples, the first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, and the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group. The camera module 302 achieves focusing by moving the first lens group G21 along the optical axis. In this case, the focusing stroke of the first lens group G21 is small, which can effectively suppress aberration deterioration caused by focusing, giving the camera module 302 strong focusing ability, high image quality, and strong macro capability. Because the focusing stroke of the first lens group G21 is small, it is beneficial to reduce the size of the motor used to drive the movement of the first lens group G21, making it easier to miniaturize the camera module 302. In addition, the second lens group G22 can act as a field flattening lens to compensate for some of the field curvature changes caused by focusing, thereby enhancing the focusing ability of the first lens group G21, resulting in strong focusing ability and higher image quality for the camera module 302.

[0152] In other embodiments, the first lens group G21 is a fixed lens group, and the second lens group G22 is a movable lens group. The camera module 302 achieves focusing by moving the second lens group G22 along the optical axis.

[0153] In other embodiments, both the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 are movable lens groups, and the camera module 302 can achieve focusing by moving the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 along the optical axis. During focusing, the moving directions of the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 can be the same or different, and the moving distances can be the same or different. In this embodiment, the camera module 302 has a fast focusing speed and a small focusing stroke of the lens groups, enabling the camera module to achieve macro shooting.

[0154] In some embodiments, the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the condition: 0.2 ≤ F2 / Fsys ≤ 1. For example, the value of F2 / Fsys can be 0.28, 0.38, 0.46, 0.51, 0.53, 0.57, 0.72, 0.8, etc. For example, the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy the condition: 0.3 ≤ F2 / Fsys ≤ 0.6.

[0155] In this embodiment, by setting F2 / Fsys≤1, the first lens group G21 can achieve focusing with a small displacement, thereby reducing the focusing travel and improving focusing capability. By setting 0.2≤F2 / Fsys, it is beneficial to control the aberration of the beam passing through the first lens group G21, making it easier for the second lens group G22 to perform aberration correction, and the camera module 302 has better imaging quality. Therefore, through the reasonable design of the ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1, the camera module 302 can balance focusing capability and imaging quality.

[0156] For example, the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the following condition: -1.5 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.2. For instance, the value of F3 / Fsys can be -1.2, -1.12, -1, -0.87, -0.44, -0.39, -0.36, -0.34, -0.26, etc. For example, the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy the following condition: -0.9 ≤ F3 / Fsys ≤ -0.3.

[0157] In this embodiment, by rationally designing the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1, the camera module 302 can balance the image quality differences between distant and close-up shots with a smaller assembly sensitivity, thus obtaining more uniform image quality. With lower assembly sensitivity, the telephoto lens 1 has a larger allowable deviation (tolerance) range during assembly, making it easier to assemble.

[0158] It is understood that the aforementioned limits on the ratio ranges of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1, the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21, and the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 can exist independently or in combination. When the above three ratio ranges are combined, the telephoto lens 1 can obtain better aperture value, focusing ability, image quality, and manufacturability. In some embodiments, the camera module 302 can achieve both long-distance shooting and macro shooting within 20cm through the telephoto lens 1, such as macro shooting at 10cm, 5cm, or 3cm.

[0159] In some embodiments, the first lens group G21 may include 3 to 5 lenses, and the second lens group G22 may include 1 to 4 lenses. For example, as shown in FIG3, the first lens group G21 may include 4 lenses, namely the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, and the sixth lens L6. The second lens group G22 may include 2 lenses, namely the seventh lens L7 and the eighth lens L8.

[0160] Among them, the first lens closest to the object side of the first lens group G21 (e.g., the third lens L3) can have positive optical power so that the light beam passing through the first optical element G1 can smoothly enter the first lens group G21, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera module 302.

[0161] Among them, the last lens closest to the image side of the second lens group G22 (e.g., the eighth lens L8) can have negative optical power to compensate for aberrations and improve the imaging quality of the camera module 302.

[0162] For example, the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 may include at least two lenses of different materials to have different Abbe numbers, thereby reducing the impact of chromatic aberration on image quality. Specifically, if one lens in the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 is made of a different material than the other lens, then the first lens group G21 and / or the second lens group G22 can be considered to include at least two lenses of different materials. The two lenses of different materials may have different temperature characteristics, such as coefficients of thermal expansion and temperature coefficients of refractive index, to reduce the influence of ambient temperature. For example, the two lenses of different materials may be made of glass and plastic, respectively.

[0163] In other embodiments, the camera module 302 can also achieve focusing by moving the second optical element G2 along the optical axis. In this case, the multiple lenses of the second optical element G2 form a lens group. In this embodiment, the optical path design and structural design of the camera module 302 are relatively simple and easy to implement, and the camera module 302 has good manufacturability.

[0164] For example, the second optical element G2 has positive optical power. The second optical element G2 may include 3 to 6 lenses. In some embodiments, the first lens of the second optical element G2 closest to the object side may have positive optical power; the last lens of the second optical element G2 closest to the image side may have negative optical power. In this case, the optical path design of the camera module 302 is simple and the image quality is high.

[0165] In some other embodiments, the second optical element G2 may also include three or more lens groups.

[0166] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the telephoto lens 1 may further include a third optical element G3, which includes a second reflective surface 14. The second reflective surface 14 is located on the image side of the second optical element G2, and the second reflective surface 14 changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from the second direction X to the fourth direction Z', which intersects with the second direction X. Since the second reflective surface 14 can change the propagation direction of the light path, it plays a role in compressing the size, thus facilitating the miniaturization of the camera module 302.

[0167] In this embodiment, the fourth direction Z' can be perpendicular to the second direction X. For example, the fourth direction Z' can be parallel to the first direction Z, thus being parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 100. In this case, the arrangement plane of the photosensitive element 2 can be perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electronic device 100, and the size of the target surface is not limited by the dimension of the electronic device 100 in the thickness direction, which is beneficial for the large target surface design of the camera module 302. In other embodiments, the fourth direction Z' can also be located in other orientations. The specific orientation of the fourth direction Z' is not strictly limited in this application embodiment.

[0168] In this embodiment, the optical axis O includes a first portion O1 extending from the object side of the first lens L1 to the first reflecting surface 12, a second portion O2 extending from the first reflecting surface 12 to the second reflecting surface 14, and a third portion O3 extending from the second reflecting surface 14 to the photosensitive element 2. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 and the third optical element G3 remain stationary, while part or all of the second optical element G2 moves along the second portion O2 of the optical axis O to achieve focusing. Since the first portion O1, the second portion O2, and the third portion O3 of the optical axis O do not change during focusing, the optical system thickness of the telephoto lens 1 is the sum of the first portion O1 and the third portion O3 of the optical axis O. Therefore, the focusing stroke of the telephoto lens 1 does not increase the thickness of the optical system, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the telephoto lens 1 and the camera module 302.

[0169] For example, the second reflecting surface 14 can be planar to ensure good manufacturability. In other embodiments, the second reflecting surface 14 can also correct aberrations such as astigmatism when reflecting light, thereby further improving image quality or reducing volume. For example, the second reflecting surface 14 can also be spherical, cylindrical, or freeform. A spherical surface can be convex or concave. A cylindrical surface has curvature in one direction and extends linearly in another. For example, the second reflecting surface 14 can also be provided with a high-reflectivity coating to improve reflection efficiency, ensuring that the light beam is completely or nearly completely reflected before entering subsequent optical elements.

[0170] For example, the third optical element G3 may include a second reflector 1b, which includes a second reflecting surface 14. The second reflector 1b may be a prism or a mirror. When the second reflector 1b is a prism, its refractive index may be different from or the same as that of the first reflector 1a.

[0171] In some other embodiments, the third optical element G3 may also include at least one lens, such as one or two lenses, to further adjust the optical path and improve the imaging quality of the camera module 302.

[0172] In some other embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 may not include the third optical element G3. In this case, the light beam enters the photosensitive element 2 along the second direction X, and the arrangement plane of the photosensitive element 2 is perpendicular to the second direction X.

[0173] In some embodiments, the total optical length (TTL) of the telephoto lens 1 and the focal length (Fsys) of the telephoto lens 1 can satisfy: 0.8 ≤ TTL / Fsys ≤ 3. For example, the value of TTL / Fsys can be 1.0, 1.29, 1.35, 1.43, 1.51, 1.8, 2.4, etc.

[0174] In this embodiment, by limiting the ratio of the total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1, the telephoto lens 1 can meet both the requirements of telephoto shooting and the requirement of short total length. The thickness of the telephoto lens 1 is small, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the camera module 302.

[0175] For example, the total optical length (TTL) of telephoto lens 1 can satisfy the following condition: 15mm ≤ TTL ≤ 50mm. For instance, the TTL value can be 22mm, 24.46mm, 26.8042mm, 27.0324mm, 27.083mm, 29.908mm, 35mm, 40mm, etc. Alternatively, the total optical length (TTL) of telephoto lens 1 can also satisfy the following condition: 15mm ≤ TTL ≤ 30mm.

[0176] In some embodiments, the field of view of the telephoto lens 1 is less than or equal to 40°. For example, the field of view of the telephoto lens 1 can be 30°, 32°, 35°, 38°, etc. In this embodiment, by limiting the field of view of the telephoto lens 1, the camera module 302 can better achieve telephoto shooting and has better optical image stabilization performance and better image quality.

[0177] In some embodiments, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 is aspherical. The aspherical optical surface has different optical powers from the paraxial region to the outer field of view, thereby achieving more uniform image quality. And / or, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 can be a freeform surface to correct aberrations. Wherein, the aspherical surface is a surface that is rotationally symmetrical about the optical axis O; the freeform surface may have no axis of symmetry, or it may be symmetrical along a certain direction, or symmetrical along two directions.

[0178] In some embodiments, the multiple lenses of the telephoto lens 1 are assembled using an active alignment (AA) process to ensure assembly accuracy.

[0179] In some embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 further includes an aperture stop (not shown in the figure). Exemplarily, the aperture stop can be mounted on the second optical element G2. In this case, the aperture stop provides better aperture adjustment, improving the image quality of the telephoto lens 1. For example, the aperture stop can be mounted on the object side of the first lens group G21, that is, between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3. In other embodiments, the aperture stop can also be mounted at other locations on the telephoto lens 1; this application does not strictly limit this.

[0180] The aperture stop can be a spacer structure or a variable fan-blade structure; alternatively, the aperture stop can be achieved through a surface coating process, such as forming the aperture stop by spraying a light-shielding material onto the lens. The position of the aperture stop can be fixed or variable. For example, the position of the aperture stop can be variable, adjusting its position according to focusing conditions to be located between different lenses.

[0181] In some embodiments, at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 can employ irregular shaping technology to reduce the size of the telephoto lens 1. For example, at least one lens in the second lens L2 or the second optical element G2 can have a notch for reducing the height of the lens. The notch can be implemented using an I-CUT process. By providing a notch for reducing the height of the lens on at least one lens in the second lens L2 or the second optical element G2, the size of the telephoto lens 1 in the height direction can be effectively reduced, making the telephoto lens 1 more suitable for miniaturized electronic devices 100 and increasing the applicability of the telephoto lens 1. Furthermore, since the lens height is reduced by the notch, the lens can have a larger light-transmitting aperture, thereby increasing the light transmission of the telephoto lens 1 and resulting in better image quality. Irregular shaping technology can also be used on the lens structural support components such as the lens barrel and spacers to reduce the size of the telephoto lens 1.

[0182] In some embodiments, the peripheral surface or supporting surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 may be blackened or roughened to eliminate stray light and improve image quality. Blackening may involve coating or plating with a matte material such as black ink, or applying a film. Roughening primarily increases surface roughness. Of course, in other embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 may also eliminate stray light in other ways; this application does not strictly limit this approach.

[0183] In some embodiments, the materials used for different lenses of the telephoto lens 1 may have different temperature characteristics, such as using glass and plastic respectively, to reduce the influence of ambient temperature.

[0184] In some embodiments, the optical surface of at least one lens of the telephoto lens 1 can form a diffraction structure (not shown in the figure). In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the diffraction structure, chromatic aberration can be reduced, and the size of the telephoto lens 1 can also be reduced.

[0185] In some embodiments, the telephoto lens 1 may further include a liquid lens (not shown in the figure). For example, the liquid lens may be located between the first optical element G1 and the second optical element G2. In this embodiment, the focusing effect can be enhanced by the liquid lens to achieve super macro photography. The liquid lens is a structural component that uses liquid as a lens and changes the focal length by altering the curvature of the liquid.

[0186] The following presentation, based on data and simulation results, illustrates a specific embodiment of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3.

[0187] Please refer to Tables 1a and 1b together. Table 1a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 when focusing on a distant scene in one possible embodiment. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the distance between structures. Table 1b shows the aspherical coefficients of each lens in the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 3 in one possible embodiment.

[0188] Table 1a

[0189] Table 1b

[0190] The aspherical surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 1a can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical curve equations:

[0191] Where z is a point on the aspherical surface at a distance r from the optical axis, and its relative distance to the tangent plane at the intersection point on the optical axis; r is the perpendicular distance between a point on the aspherical curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i For the i-th order aspherical coefficients, refer to Table 1b.

[0192] Please refer to Table 1c, which shows the basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 in one possible embodiment. In Table 1c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0193] Table 1c

[0194] In this embodiment, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1, a second optical element G2, and a third optical element G3 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side of the first lens L1 forms the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the near-optical axis of the incident surface 11 is convex. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflecting surface 12, which is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis, and the first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side of the second lens L2 forms the exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the near-optical axis of the exit surface 13 is concave.

[0195] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The third optical element G3 includes a second reflector 1b, which includes a second reflecting surface 14. The second reflecting surface 14 is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis, and the second reflector 1b is a prism.

[0196] During the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed. At this time, the camera module 302 can drive the first optical element G1 to move using a conventional image stabilization motor, eliminating the need for an image stabilization drive mechanism on the photosensitive element 2. This reduces the cost of the optical image stabilization mechanism in the camera module 302. Furthermore, since the first optical element G1 has an incident surface 11 with a convex structure and an exit surface 13 with a concave structure, and the incident surface 11 and exit surface 13 move synchronously with the reflecting surface, during the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the incident surface 11 can collect light, and the exit surface 13 can compensate for aberrations. This helps to reduce the module size of the camera module 302, achieving miniaturization, and improving the image stabilization effect and imaging quality of the camera module 302.

[0197] Among them, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys=2.23; the ratio of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys=0.69; and the ratio of the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys=1.41.

[0198] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys = 1.41; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys = -2.88.

[0199] In this camera module 302, the first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, and the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 moves along the optical axis. The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.46; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.36. The focusing distance of the first lens group G21 can be approximately 2.2mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, 50mm macro photography.

[0200] Among them, the ratio of the total optical length TTL of telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.51.

[0201] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a simulation diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3 in one possible embodiment.

[0202] Figure 5 includes the axial chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism field curve, and distortion diagram of telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curve includes spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm are shown in the figure). Its physical meaning is the deviation of light of a corresponding wavelength emitted at a 0-degree field of view from the ideal image point after passing through the optical system. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 5 are all relatively small, indicating good correction of on-axis aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.) by telephoto lens 1. The astigmatism field curve illustrates the deviation of the convergence point of a fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. The beam is represented by the sagittal direction, and the beam by the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a value in a certain field of view is too large, the image quality of that field of view is poor or higher-order aberrations exist. The field curves in both directions shown in Figure 5 are relatively small, indicating that the system has good depth of focus. The distortion diagram is used to characterize the relative deviation between the beam convergence point (actual image height) and the ideal image height in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 5, the deviations are all within 2.5%, which ensures that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0203] Please refer to Figures 6 and 7. Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in some other embodiments, and Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 in some usage states. The camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 includes most of the technical features of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 3. The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and the most common contents will not be repeated.

[0204] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side of the first lens L1 forms the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflecting surface 12, which is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis; the first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side of the second lens L2 forms the exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. During the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves, while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0205] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, and the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 moves along the optical axis.

[0206] The optical axis O includes a first portion extending from the object side of the first lens L1 to the first reflecting surface 12 and a second portion extending from the first reflecting surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2.

[0207] The following presents a specific embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 6, based on data and simulation results.

[0208] Please refer to Tables 2a and 2b. Table 2a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 when focusing on a distant scene in one possible embodiment. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the distance between structures. Table 2b shows the aspherical coefficients of each lens in the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 6 in one possible embodiment.

[0209] Table 2a

[0210] Table 2b

[0211] The aspherical surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 2a can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical curve equations:

[0212] Where z is a point on the aspherical surface at a distance r from the optical axis, and its relative distance to the tangent plane at the intersection point on the optical axis; r is the perpendicular distance between a point on the aspherical curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i For the i-th order aspherical coefficients, refer to Table 2b.

[0213] Please refer to Table 2c, which shows the basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 in one possible embodiment. In Table 2c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0214] Table 2c

[0215] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys = 3.19; the ratio of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys = 1.19; and the ratio of the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys = 2.27.

[0216] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys = 1.92; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys = -3.67.

[0217] The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.51; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.39. The focusing distance of the first lens group G21 is approximately 2.5mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, macro photography at 30mm.

[0218] The ratio of the total optical length TTL of telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys = 1.8.

[0219] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a simulation diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6 in one possible embodiment.

[0220] Figure 8 includes the axial chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism field curve, and distortion diagram of telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curve includes spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm are shown in the figure). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 8 are all relatively small, indicating good correction of on-axis aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.) by telephoto lens 1. The astigmatism field curve illustrates the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. Y represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and Y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a value in a certain field of view is too large, the image quality of that field of view is poor or there are higher-order aberrations. The field curves in both directions shown in Figure 8 are relatively small, indicating that the system has good depth of focus. The distortion diagram characterizes the relative deviation between the convergence point of the beam (actual image height) and the ideal image height in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 8, all values ​​are within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0221] Please refer to Figures 9 and 10. Figure 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in some other embodiments, and Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 in some usage states. The camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 includes most of the technical features of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6. The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and the most common contents will not be repeated.

[0222] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side of the first lens L1 forms the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflecting surface 12, which is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis; the first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side of the second lens L2 forms the exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. During the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves, while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0223] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The first lens group G21 is a fixed lens group, and the second lens group G22 is a movable lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the second lens group G22 moves along the optical axis.

[0224] The optical axis O includes a first portion extending from the object side of the first lens L1 to the first reflecting surface 12 and a second portion extending from the first reflecting surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2.

[0225] The following presents a specific embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 9, based on data and simulation results.

[0226] Please refer to Tables 3a and 3b. Table 3a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in the camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 when focusing on a distant scene in one possible embodiment. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the distance between structures. Table 3b shows the aspherical coefficients of each lens in the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 9 in one possible embodiment.

[0227] Table 3a

[0228] Table 3b

[0229] The aspherical surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 3a can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical curve equations:

[0230] Where z is a point on the aspherical surface at a distance r from the optical axis, and its relative distance to the tangent plane at the intersection point on the optical axis; r is the perpendicular distance between a point on the aspherical curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i For the i-th order aspherical coefficients, refer to Table 3b.

[0231] Please refer to Table 3c, which shows the basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 in one possible embodiment. In Table 3c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0232] Table 3c

[0233] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys = 2.17; the ratio of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys = 0.72; and the ratio of the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys = 1.15.

[0234] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys = 1.16; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys = -1.86.

[0235] The ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.53; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.44. The focusing distance of the second lens group G22 is approximately 2.0mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, macro photography at 100mm.

[0236] Among them, the ratio of the total optical length TTL of telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.29.

[0237] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a simulation diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 9 in one possible embodiment.

[0238] Figure 11 includes the axial chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism field curve, and distortion diagram of telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curve includes spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm are shown in the figure). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 11 are all relatively small, indicating good correction of on-axis aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.) by telephoto lens 1. The astigmatism field curve illustrates the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. Y represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and Y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a value in a certain field of view is too large, the image quality of that field of view is poor or there are higher-order aberrations. The field curves in both directions shown in Figure 11 are relatively small, indicating that the system has good depth of focus. The distortion diagram characterizes the relative deviation between the convergence point of the beam (actual image height) and the ideal image height in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 11, all values ​​are within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0239] Please refer to Figures 12 and 13. Figure 12 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in some other embodiments, and Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 in some usage states. The camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 includes most of the technical features of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6. The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and the most common contents will not be repeated.

[0240] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side of the first lens L1 forms the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, and the incident surface 11 is convex near the optical axis. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflecting surface 12, which is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis; the first reflector 1a is a prism. The image side of the second lens L2 forms the exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, and the exit surface 13 is concave near the optical axis. During the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves, while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0241] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. The first lens group G21 is a movable lens group, while the second lens group G22 is a fixed lens group. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 moves along the optical axis.

[0242] The optical axis O includes a first portion extending from the object side of the first lens L1 to the first reflecting surface 12 and a second portion extending from the first reflecting surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2.

[0243] The following presents a specific embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 12, based on data and simulation results.

[0244] Please refer to Tables 4a and 4b. Table 4a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in the camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 when focusing on a distant scene in one possible embodiment. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the distance between structures. Table 4b shows the aspherical coefficients of each lens in the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 12 in one possible embodiment.

[0245] Table 4a

[0246] Table 4b

[0247] The aspherical surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 4a can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical curve equations:

[0248] Where z is a point on the aspherical surface at a distance r from the optical axis, and its relative distance to the tangent plane at the intersection point on the optical axis; r is the perpendicular distance between a point on the aspherical curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i For the i-th order aspherical coefficients, refer to Table 4b.

[0249] Please refer to Table 4c, which shows the basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 in one possible embodiment. In Table 4c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0250] Table 4c

[0251] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys = 2.76; the ratio of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys = 0.73; and the ratio of the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys = 0.94.

[0252] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys = 1.19; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys = -1.51.

[0253] In this design, the ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.57; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.87. The focusing distance of the second lens group G22 is approximately 1.735mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, macro photography at 100mm.

[0254] Among them, the ratio of the total optical length TTL of telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys=1.43.

[0255] Please refer to Figure 14, which is a simulation diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 12 in one possible embodiment.

[0256] Figure 14 includes the axial chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism field curve, and distortion diagram of telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curve includes spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm are shown in the figure). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 14 are all relatively small, indicating good correction of on-axis aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.) by telephoto lens 1. The astigmatism field curve illustrates the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. Y represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and Y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a value in a certain field of view is too large, the image quality of that field of view is poor or there are higher-order aberrations. The field curves in both directions shown in Figure 14 are relatively small, indicating that the system has good depth of focus. The distortion diagram characterizes the relative deviation between the convergence point of the beam (actual image height) and the ideal image height in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 14, all values ​​are within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0257] Please refer to Figures 15 and 16. Figure 15 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 2 in some other embodiments, and Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 in some usage states. The camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 includes most of the technical features of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 6. The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and the most common contents will not be repeated.

[0258] In some embodiments, the camera module 302 includes a telephoto lens 1, a filter, and a photosensitive element 2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The telephoto lens 1 includes a first optical element G1 and a second optical element G2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The first optical element G1 includes a first lens L1, a first reflector 1a, and a second lens L2 arranged from the object side to the image side. The object side of the first lens L1 forms the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1, which is convex near the optical axis and is aspherical. The first reflector 1a includes a first reflecting surface 12, which is used to change the propagation direction of the optical axis and is a reflector. The image side of the second lens L2 forms the exit surface 13 of the second optical element G2, which is concave near the optical axis and is aspherical. During the image stabilization process of the camera module 302, the first optical element G1 moves while the photosensitive element 2 remains fixed.

[0259] The second optical element G2 includes a first lens group G21 and a second lens group G22 located on the image side of the first lens group G21. The first lens group G21 includes a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged from the object side to the image side. The second lens group G22 includes a seventh lens L7 and an eighth lens L8 located on the image side of the seventh lens L7. Both the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 are movable lens groups. During the focusing process of the camera module 302, the first lens group G21 and the second lens group G22 move along the optical axis.

[0260] The optical axis O includes a first portion extending from the object side of the first lens L1 to the first reflecting surface 12 and a second portion extending from the first reflecting surface 12 to the photosensitive element 2.

[0261] The following presents a specific embodiment of the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 15, based on data and simulation results.

[0262] Please refer to Tables 5a and 5b. Table 5a shows the radius of curvature (R), spacing (D), refractive index (Nd), and Abbe number of each lens, reflector, and filter in the camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 when focusing on a distant scene in one possible embodiment. The spacing includes the thickness of the structure itself and the distance between structures. Table 5b shows the aspherical coefficients of each lens in the telephoto lens 1 shown in Figure 15 in one possible embodiment.

[0263] Table 5a

[0264] Table 5b

[0265] The aspherical surface of the telephoto lens 1 in Table 5a can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical curve equations:

[0266] Where z is a point on the aspherical surface at a distance r from the optical axis, and its relative distance to the tangent plane at the intersection point on the optical axis; r is the perpendicular distance between a point on the aspherical curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; k is the cone coefficient, which is 0; α i For the i-th order aspherical coefficients, refer to Table 5b.

[0267] Please refer to Table 5c, which shows the basic parameters of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 in one possible embodiment. In Table 5c, ImgH is the half-sensor diagonal of the photosensitive element 2, Fsys is the focal length of the telephoto lens 1, f1 is the focal length of the first lens L1, f2 is the focal length of the second lens L2, F1 is the focal length of the first optical element G1, F2 is the focal length of the first lens group G21 of the second optical element G2, F3 is the focal length of the second lens group G22 of the second optical element G2, and TTL is the total optical length of the telephoto lens 1.

[0268] Table 5c

[0269] In this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length F1 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F1 / Fsys = 7.3; the ratio of the radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface 11 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L1S1R / Fsys = 0.75; and the ratio of the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface 13 of the first optical element G1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is L2S2R / Fsys = 1.32.

[0270] The ratio of the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f1 / Fsys = 1.67; the ratio of the focal length f2 of the second lens L2 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is f2 / Fsys = -1.49.

[0271] In this design, the ratio of the focal length F2 of the first lens group G21 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F2 / Fsys = 0.38; the ratio of the focal length F3 of the second lens group G22 to the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens 1 is F3 / Fsys = -0.34. The focusing distance of the first lens group G21 is approximately 0.84mm, and the focusing distance of the second lens group G22 is approximately 1.66mm. The camera module 302 can achieve macro photography, for example, 50mm macro photography.

[0272] The ratio of the total optical length TTL of telephoto lens 1 to the focal length Fsys of telephoto lens 1 is TTL / Fsys = 1.35.

[0273] Please refer to Figure 17, which is a simulation diagram of the camera module 302 shown in Figure 15 in one possible embodiment.

[0274] Figure 17 includes the axial chromatic aberration curve, astigmatism field curve, and distortion diagram of telephoto lens 1. The axial chromatic aberration curve includes spherical aberration curves corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, and 470nm are shown in the figure). The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The values ​​shown in Figure 17 are all relatively small, indicating good correction of on-axis aberrations (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, etc.) by telephoto lens 1. The astigmatism field curve illustrates the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. Y represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and Y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a value in a certain field of view is too large, the image quality of that field of view is poor or there are higher-order aberrations. The field curves in both directions shown in Figure 17 are relatively small, indicating that the system has good depth of focus. The distortion diagram characterizes the relative deviation between the convergence point of the beam (actual image height) and the ideal image height in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 17, all values ​​are within 2.5%, ensuring that there is no obvious distortion in the image.

[0275] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A camera module (302), characterized in that, The system includes a telephoto lens (1) and a photosensitive element (2), the photosensitive element (2) being located on the image side of the telephoto lens (1); the telephoto lens (1) includes a first optical element (G1) and a second optical element (G2); the first optical element (G1) includes an incident surface (11), a first reflecting surface (12), and an exit surface (13) arranged from the object side to the image side, the incident surface (11) being convex near the optical axis, the first reflecting surface (12) changing the propagation direction of the optical axis from a first direction to a second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction, and the exit surface (13) being concave near the optical axis; the second optical element (G2) is located on the image side of the first optical element (G1), the second optical... The element (G2) includes at least one lens; wherein, during the image stabilization process of the camera module (302), the first optical element (G1) rotates about the first direction and / or about a third direction, the photosensitive element (2) remains fixed, the third direction intersects the first direction and the second direction; the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface (13) satisfies: 10mm≤L2S2R≤43.5mm or 62mm≤L2S2R≤300mm, and the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface (13) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.4≤L2S2R / Fsys≤3.8 or 4.9≤L2S2R / Fsys≤10.

2. The camera module (302) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length F1 of the first optical element (G1) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: F1 / Fsys≥1.2; or 22.5≥F1 / Fsys≥1.

2.

3. The camera module (302) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The focal length F1 of the first optical element (G1) satisfies: F1≤380mm; or, the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfies: 10mm≤Fsys≤40mm.

4. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface (11) satisfies: 6mm≤L1S1R≤300mm or 6mm≤L1S1R≤23mm or 10mm≤L1S1R≤20mm or 6mm≤L1S1R≤14.9683mm or 17.748mm≤L1S1R≤21mm; and / or, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface (13) satisfies: 16mm≤L2S2R≤40mm.

5. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The radius of curvature L1S1R of the incident surface (11) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.4≤L1S1R / Fsys≤6 or 0.4≤L1S1R / Fsys≤1.4 or 0.6≤L1S1R / Fsys≤1.2 or 0.4≤L1S1R / Fsys≤0.75 or 1.19≤L1S1R / Fsys≤1.2; and / or, the radius of curvature L2S2R of the exit surface (13) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 1.1≤L2S2R / Fsys≤3.

6. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first optical element (G1) includes a first lens (L1) and a second lens (L2). The first lens (L1) is located on the object side of the first reflecting surface (12), and the object side of the first lens (L1) is the incident surface (11). The second lens (L2) is located on the image side of the first reflecting surface (12), and the image side of the second lens (L2) is the exit surface (13). The focal length f1 of the first lens (L1) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.5≤f1 / Fsys≤20; and / or, the focal length f2 of the second lens (L2) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: -20≤f2 / Fsys≤0.

7. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first optical element (G1) includes a first reflector (1a), the first reflector (1a) includes a first reflecting surface (12), the first reflector (1a) is a prism, and the refractive index Nd of the first reflector (1a) satisfies: Nd≤1.

85.

8. The camera module (302) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first optical element (G1) includes a first reflector (1a), the first reflector (1a) includes a first reflecting surface (12), and the first reflector (1a) is a prism; the image side of the first lens (L1) is fixed to the object side of the first reflector (1a), and the object side of the second lens (L2) is fixed to the image side of the first reflector (1a).

9. The camera module (302) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first lens (L1), the first reflector (1a) and the second lens (L2) are all made of glass. The first lens (L1) is bonded to the first reflector (1a) and the second lens (L2) is bonded to the first reflector (1a).

10. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The focusing distance of the telephoto lens (1) for macro photography is ≤20cm.

11. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second optical element (G2) includes a first lens group (G21) and a second lens group (G22), with the second lens group (G22) located on the image side of the first lens group (G21). The first lens group (G21) has positive optical power, and the second lens group (G22) has negative optical power. The camera module (302) achieves macro photography by moving the first lens group (G21) or the second lens group (G22) along the optical axis.

12. The camera module (302) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The focal length F2 of the first lens group (G21) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.2≤F2 / Fsys≤0.3, or 0.3≤F2 / Fsys≤0.6, or 0.6≤F2 / Fsys≤1; and / or, the focal length F3 of the second lens group (G22) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: -1.5≤F3 / Fsys≤-0.9, or -0.9≤F3 / Fsys≤-0.3, or -0.3≤F3 / Fsys≤-0.

2.

13. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The second optical element (G2) includes a first lens group (G21) and a second lens group (G22), the second lens group (G22) being located on the image side of the first lens group (G21), and the camera module (302) achieving focusing by moving the first lens group (G21) and / or the second lens group (G22) along the optical axis.

14. The camera module (302) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The focal length F2 of the first lens group (G21) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.2≤F2 / Fsys≤1; and / or, the focal length F3 of the second lens group (G22) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: -1.5≤F3 / Fsys≤-0.

2.

15. The camera module (302) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The first optical element (G1) includes 2 to 3 lenses, the first lens group (G21) includes 3 to 5 lenses, and the second lens group (G22) includes 1 to 4 lenses.

16. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The camera module (302) achieves focusing by moving the second optical element (G2) along the optical axis.

17. The camera module (302) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first optical element (G1) includes 2 to 3 lenses, and the second optical element (G2) includes 3 to 6 lenses.

18. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens (1) and the focal length Fsys of the telephoto lens (1) satisfy: 0.8≤TTL / Fsys≤3.

19. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The total optical length TTL of the telephoto lens (1) satisfies: 15mm≤TTL≤50mm.

20. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that, The telephoto lens (1) further includes a second reflective surface (14), which is located on the image side of the second optical element (G2). The second reflective surface (14) changes the propagation direction of the optical axis from the second direction to a fourth direction, which intersects with the second direction.

21. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that, The field of view of the telephoto lens (1) is less than or equal to 40°.

22. The camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that, The half-sensor diagonal ImgH of the photosensitive element (2) satisfies: 2.5mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm or 2.5mm≤ImgH≤4.0mm or 4.2mm≤ImgH≤8.16mm.

23. An electronic device, characterized in that, The system includes an image processor (60) and a camera module (302) according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the image processor (60) is communicatively connected to the camera module (302), and the image processor (60) is used to acquire image data from the camera module (302) and process the image data.

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