Nonwoven composite fabric

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-woven composite fabric which comprises a layer A, a layer B and a layer C, wherein a) Layer A is a first nonwoven fabric and comprises first fibers, preferably first melt spun composite filaments, which first fibers are split to at least a certain extent to produce first base fibers, preferably first base filaments, the first base fibers having an average denier of at most 0.2 dtex; the invention relates to a textile fabric comprising a) layer A, a) layer B and a) layer C, b) layer B is a mesh comprising yarns having an average denier of 400 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 800 dtex to 2200 dtex, in particular 1100 dtex to 2200 dtex, c) layer C is a textile fabric comprising second fibers, preferably second filaments, having an average denier of 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex, in which layers A and B are adjacent to each other, and b) layer B is a mesh comprising yarns having an average denier of 400 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 800 dtex to 2200 dtex, in particular 1100 dtex to 2200 dtex. And wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer A or layer B.

Description

Nonwoven composite fabrics Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a nonwoven composite fabric that combines excellent water absorption and moisture distribution characteristics with good cleaning performance and low adhesion to the surface to be cleaned. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the nonwoven composite fabric, its uses, and a cleaning method, particularly for cleaning flat surfaces, especially floors. Additionally, the invention relates to a cleaning device, particularly a flat wiper, comprising a nonwoven composite fabric. Background Technology

[0002] It is well known that textile fabrics (e.g., nonwoven fabrics) are highly suitable for cleaning purposes. Nonwoven fabrics are materials made by bonding fibers (e.g., staple fibers of defined lengths and / or theoretically continuous filaments) together through chemical, mechanical, thermal, and / or solvent treatments. The term "nonwoven fabric" is used in the textile manufacturing industry to refer to textile fabrics that are neither woven nor knitted. Nonwoven fabrics are described in ISO 9092:2019. Nonwoven composite fabrics are nonwoven fabrics combined with other materials, such as additional layers.

[0003] US 2017 / 0050220 A1 (A1) describes a cleaning fabric comprising: a microfiber composite nonwoven fabric comprising: a first fiber component; and a second fiber component, the first fiber component and the second fiber component being arranged in alternating layers, wherein at least one first layer A comprises a first fiber component as melt-spun composite filaments, the melt-spun composite filaments being laid into a web and secured, at least some of the melt-spun composite filaments being split into base filaments, the base filaments having an average linear density of less than 0.1 dtex, wherein at least one layer B is arranged on the first layer A, wherein layer B comprises a second fiber component as fibers, the fibers having an average linear density of 0.1 dtex to 3 dtex, the fibers being laid into a web and secured, and wherein at least one second layer A is arranged on layer B. The composite nonwoven fabric may also include additional layers. Additional layers may be configured as reinforcing layers, for example in the form of loose fabric, and / or include non-crimped fabrics, knitted fabrics, but excluding fabrics produced by weft knitting with independently movable needles, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and / or reinforcing filaments.

[0004] There is a constant need for improved nonwoven fabrics that can be used for cleaning purposes. In particular, cleaning cloths with low adhesion to the surfaces being cleaned are needed, as this makes cleaning easier and faster. Low adhesion to flat surfaces is especially advantageous because it allows the cleaning cloth, for example when used as part of a cleaning device such as a flat wipe, to glide more easily, enabling it to efficiently pick up dirt and debris. This reduces the force required to push the cleaning device, making the cleaning process smoother and more efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The fundamental objective of this invention is to provide a nonwoven composite fabric that can be used as a cleaning cloth, combining excellent cleaning performance, particularly high capillary action, rapid water absorption and distribution capabilities, and low adhesion to the surface to be cleaned.

[0006] This objective is achieved by a nonwoven composite fabric comprising layers A, B, and C, wherein a) layer A is a first nonwoven fabric comprising a first fiber, preferably a first filament, the first fiber being a first melt-spun composite fiber, preferably a first melt-spun composite filament, the first fiber being split to at least a certain extent to produce a first base fiber, preferably a first base filament, the average fineness of the first base fiber being at most 0.2 dtex; b) layer B is a mesh comprising yarns, the average fineness of the yarns being 400 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 600 dtex to 2200 dtex, more preferably 800 dtex to 2200 dtex, particularly 1100 dtex to 2200 dtex; c) layer C is a textile fabric comprising a second fiber, preferably a second filament, the average fineness of the second fiber being 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex, particularly 2 dtex to 5 dtex; wherein layers A and B are adjacent to each other, and wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer A or layer B.

[0007] In practical experiments, the nonwoven composite fabric according to the present invention has been found to have excellent cleaning performance, thanks to the combination of a microfiber layer A with high capillary action, rapid water absorption, and water distribution capabilities, and a layer C with high absorption capacity due to the coarser second fibers. When using the nonwoven composite fabric, it is advantageous to use layer A as the side facing the surface to be cleaned, because the microfibers possess the aforementioned advantageous cleaning properties. Surprisingly, when doing so, very low friction with the surface to be cleaned is found. This is unexpected, as microfibers typically have high adhesion to floors, which can hinder the cleaning process. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric is designed such that layer A or B, preferably layer A, is the side facing the surface to be cleaned during use.

[0008] Due to its low friction, the nonwoven composite fabric of this invention allows for efficient, non-stalling cleaning of particularly flat surfaces. It is believed that the low friction is achieved by a mesh layer B comprising coarse yarns. Surprisingly, these yarns alter the surface properties of the nonwoven composite fabric in a way that reduces adhesion to the surface being cleaned. Not limited to one mechanism, it is believed that the mesh, arranged in a mesh pattern, has a 3-D-like structure, thereby reducing adhesion. This 3-D-like structure allows for fewer points of contact between the nonwoven composite fabric and the surface to be cleaned. Reduced friction, in turn, allows for faster and more efficient cleaning of defined surfaces.

[0009] Furthermore, it was surprisingly found that the 3-D-like structure of the mesh can alter the surface of the nonwoven composite fabric not only when layer B forms the surface layer, but also when the surface layer is formed by layer A. (Provided that layer B is adjacent to layer A.) Additionally, it was found that because layers A and B are adjacent to each other, the mesh can work synergistically with layer A, as a portion of the fine base fibers of layer A can enter the openings in the mesh layer B, thereby improving the stability of the composite material. Adjacent to each other means there is no intermediate layer between the respective layers. Therefore, since layers A and B are adjacent to each other, there is no intermediate layer between layers A and B. Preferably, layers B and C, or layers A and C, are also adjacent to each other. In a preferred embodiment, a) when the nonwoven composite fabric has a layer sequence of ABC, there is no intermediate layer between layers A and B, and also no intermediate layer between layers B and C; and b) when the nonwoven composite fabric has a layer sequence of CAB, there is no intermediate layer between layers A and B, and also no intermediate layer between layers A and C.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of layer A, as measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, is less than 1 mm, for example, 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, and particularly 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0011] This is advantageous because this thin layer A allows for the use of a relatively thicker layer C without making the product overall too thick.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric is produced on the basis of a starting layer A having a thickness measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, the thickness being less than 1 mm, such as 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, particularly 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0013] For the same reason, if the weight per unit area of ​​layer A, measured according to ISO 9073-1:1989-07, is at most 100 g / m² 2 For example, 25 g / m 2 Up to 100 g / m 2 More preferably 25 g / m 2 Up to 80 g / m 2 Especially 30 g / m 2 Up to 50g / m 2 This is advantageous. It was discovered that the cleaning power of the small first fiber is so high that a thin layer of A is sufficient.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, layers A, B, and C are arranged in an ABC layer sequence, wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer A; or layers A, B, and C are arranged in a CAB layer sequence, wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer B. Of these two options, the ABC arrangement is preferred because layer A exhibits excellent cleaning properties.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, layers A, B, and C are arranged in an ABC layer sequence, wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer A. In this embodiment, the loosely woven layer B is not an outer layer. However, due to its coarse fibers, layer B can still structurally modify layer A and produce a 3-D-like structure on the surface of the composite material. According to the invention, this is possible because layer B is adjacent to layer A and because the fibers of the loosely woven fabric are coarser. The coarse fibers allow the 3-D structure to be pressed through layer A.

[0016] Furthermore, for the ABC layer sequence, it is particularly advantageous if the thickness of layer A is less than 1 mm, such as 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, and especially 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, because it allows the use of a relatively thicker layer C, and also allows layer B to effectively modify the structure of layer A. As mentioned above, a 3-D-like structure on the surface of the composite material is advantageous because it reduces adhesion to surfaces requiring cleaning. For the same reason, if the weight per unit area of ​​layer A, measured according to DINEN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, is at most 100 g / m², it is also advantageous. 2 , such as 25 g / m 2 Up to 100 g / m 2 More preferably 25 g / m 2 Up to 80 g / m 2 Especially 30 g / m 2 Up to 50 g / m 2 This is advantageous.

[0017] Another advantage of the ABC layer sequence is that, since layer A forms at least one surface of the nonwoven composite fabric, the excellent cleaning properties of the microfibers in layer A can be taken advantage of particularly well.

[0018] Since layers A and B are adjacent to each other, there is no intermediate layer between them. This is advantageous for the ABC layer sequence because layer B is not obstructed by any intermediate layer, thus structurally altering the outer layer A. In a particularly preferred embodiment, layers A, B, and C are arranged in the ABC layer sequence, with no intermediate layer between layers A and B, and no intermediate layer between layers B and C. This is advantageous because it allows layer C to be relatively thick, thereby allowing sufficient absorbency without making the overall structure too thick.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment, layers A, B, and C are arranged in a CAB layer sequence, wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer B. In this embodiment, the loosely woven layer B forms at least one surface layer and, due to its 3-D-like structure, can effectively reduce friction with the surface to be cleaned. Furthermore, since layer A is adjacent to layer B, the microfilaments of layer A can penetrate the mesh pores of layer B, thereby altering the surface of the cleaning cloth and improving cleaning properties. This penetration can be achieved efficiently if at least layers A and B, preferably all three layers A, B, and C, are combined with each other by entanglement, preferably by hydroentangling. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the nonwoven composite fabric having a CAB layer sequence, layer B comprises the first fiber of layer A.

[0020] Furthermore, for nonwoven composite fabrics with a CAB layer sequence, preferably, the thickness of layer A, as measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, is at most 1 mm, such as 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, and particularly 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. Similarly, if the weight per unit area of ​​layer A, as measured according to ISO 9073-1:1989-07, is at most 100 g / m². 2 , such as 25 g / m 2 Up to 100 g / m 2 More preferably 25 g / m 2 Up to 80 g / m 2 Especially 30 g / m 2 Up to 50 g / m 2 This is advantageous. As stated, this is advantageous because such a thin and light layer A allows for the use of a relatively thicker layer C without making the overall product too thick. The relatively thick layer C improves the absorption properties of the nonwoven composite fabric. Moreover, for nonwoven composite fabrics with a layer sequence of CAB, if the weight per unit area of ​​layer A, measured according to ISO 9073-1:1989-07, is at most 100 g / m². 2 More preferably 25 g / m 2 Up to 100 g / m 2 Especially 30 g / m 2 Up to 50 g / m 2 This is advantageous.

[0021] Since layers A and B are adjacent to each other, there is no intermediate layer between them. This is advantageous for the CAB layer sequence because the microfilaments of layer A are not hindered by any intermediate layer, such as during hydroentangling, from penetrating the mesh pores of layer B. In a particularly preferred embodiment, layers A, B, and C are arranged in the CAB layer sequence without any intermediate layer between layer C and A, and also without any intermediate layer between layers A and B. This is advantageous because, as previously mentioned, it allows layer C to be relatively thick, which in turn allows for sufficient absorbency without making the overall structure too thick.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, at least layers A and B, preferably all three layers A, B, and C, are combined with each other by entanglement, preferably by hydroentangling. Preferably, hydroentangling is performed at a pressure of 100 to 300 bar (the pressure is measured in the hydroentangling machine). Doing so allows for the simultaneous splitting of the melt-spun composite fibers of layer A and optionally the fibers of layer C (if the fibers of layer C include melt-spun composite fibers). Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the first melt-spun composite filament is hydroentangled and split.

[0023] Preferably, at least layers A and B, particularly all three layers A, B, and C, are joined together by hydroentangling. Hydroentangling can advantageously be achieved by impacting each side of the optionally pre-consolidated nonwoven composite material, comprising layers A and B (particularly comprising layers A, B, and C), with a high-pressure water jet. Preferably, the water jet pressure is between 100 and 300 bar. The pressure is measured in the hydroentangling machine. Measurement can be performed using an integrated pressure sensor. Hydroentangling is particularly effective for using microfibers. This is especially advantageous for layered CAB structures, as it is preferred here that the microfibers are at least partially conveyed through the mesh layer B to alter the surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric. Furthermore, during hydroentangling, the entanglement and splitting of fibers in layer A contribute to better conformation of the mesh shape of the mesh layer to the fibers of layer A.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric, the nonwoven composite fabric comprises at least 70 wt.%, such as 70 wt.% to 100 wt.%, preferably at least 80 wt.%, such as 80 wt.% to 100 wt.%, and particularly at least 95 wt.%, such as 95 wt.% to 100 wt.%, of polyester. This is advantageous because it improves the recyclability of the nonwoven composite fabric.

[0025] According to the invention, layer B is a mesh comprising yarns having an average fineness of 400 dtex to 2200 dtex, more preferably 600 dtex to 2200 dtex, more preferably 800 dtex to 2200 dtex, and particularly 1100 dtex to 2200 dtex.

[0026] Preferably, the mesh is a woven or nonwoven mesh fabric made of interlaced yarns arranged in a mesh pattern. In a preferred embodiment, the mesh is a woven mesh fabric. The yarns can form regular or irregular patterns. Regular patterns are preferred. The pattern can be biaxial or triaxial. Preferred patterns are biaxial patterns, such as rectangles, squares, and / or rhombuses. Structures derived from rectangles, squares, and / or rhombuses are also possible, i.e., modified rectangles, squares, and / or rhombuses.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the mesh is a woven mesh fabric, the weave of which is leno, plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, or jacquard. Preferably, the mesh weave is leno, plain weave, or twill weave, and most preferably plain weave. The advantage of this weave structure is its high stability. In another embodiment, the mesh is a nonwoven mesh fabric. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figures 1 and 2 show microscopic images of a woven mesh fabric made of interlaced yarns. The weave is plain.

[0029] Figure 3 schematically shows a partial top view of the mesh fabric.

[0030] The above figures should not be construed as limiting the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] A mesh structure can be obtained by laying the yarns in a mesh pattern. Preferably, the nonwoven mesh fabric is bonded together. For this purpose, the yarns can be interlocked and bonded together by applying mechanical, thermal, and / or chemical processes to the intersections.

[0032] The mesh may optionally be coated, preferably with an elastomer or rubber coating. This increases the stability of the mesh.

[0033] The term "yarn" is understood as a continuous strand of short and / or filament fibers arranged in a form suitable for woven, knitted, or other fabric combinations. Preferably, yarn comprises filaments. The structural integrity of the yarn can be achieved by adding a slight twist to the fiber strands. Alternatively, structural integrity can be achieved by entanglement, for example, through air jetting. Preferred yarns comprise thermoplastic polymers such as polyesters, polyolefins, and / or polyamides. Preferred polymers are polyesters, particularly PET. In particular, the yarn is composed of one or more of these polymers.

[0034] In one implementation, the average mesh size is 3 mm. 2 Up to 50 mm 2 Preferably 4 mm 2 Up to 25mm 2 More preferably 5 mm 2 Up to 20 mm 2 Especially 6.25 mm 2 Up to 16 mm 2 .

[0035] Preferably, digital image analysis techniques are used to measure the mesh size. This involves capturing a microscopic image of the textile mesh and then processing the microscopic image with software that can identify the boundaries of the mesh openings and calculate their dimensions. Preferably, the microscope image is calibrated by determining a scale on the image. For this purpose, a microscope slide with a scale etched on its surface can be used. Once the image has been calibrated, it can be examined using image analysis software to measure the mesh size.

[0036] In one embodiment of the invention, the content of the first fiber in layer A is at least 85 wt.%, more preferably at least 90 wt.%, and particularly at least 95 wt.%, relative to the total weight of layer A.

[0037] In another embodiment, the yarn content in layer B is at least 80 wt.%, more preferably at least 90 wt.%, and particularly at least 95 wt.%, relative to the total weight of layer B.

[0038] In another embodiment of the invention, the content of the second fiber in layer C is at least 90 wt.%, more preferably at least 95 wt.%, and particularly at least 98 wt.%, relative to the total weight of layer C.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the content of the first fiber is 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, preferably 8 wt.% to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric. It has been found that for some applications, it is advantageous if the content of the first fiber is not less than 8 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric, because otherwise the cleaning ability may be insufficient. On the other hand, for some applications, it is advantageous if the content of the first fiber is not more than 35 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composite nonwoven fabric, because otherwise the friction may be too high. This is particularly important for the ABC layer sequence. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, layers A, B, and C are arranged in an ABC layer sequence, and the content of the first fiber is 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, preferably 8 wt.% to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric. Furthermore, if the content of the first fiber is too high, the cleaning performance may also be negatively affected. Finally, the total weight of the product may also be too high, because at least for some applications, the content of layer C should be high enough for adequate absorption.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the yarn content of layer B is 10 wt.% to 30 wt.%, preferably 15 wt.% to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric. It has been found that for some applications, it is advantageous if the yarn content is not less than 10 wt.% based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric to adequately prevent friction. On the other hand, the yarn content is preferably not more than 30 wt.% based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric; otherwise, the surface of the nonwoven composite fabric may be too rough and could damage the surface to be cleaned. Furthermore, the cleaning ability may be insufficient.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of layers A and B, the yarn content of layer B is 55 wt.% to 75 wt.%, preferably 60 wt.% to 72 wt.%.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the yarn content is 15 wt.% to 25 wt.%, preferably 19 wt.% to 22 wt.%, based on the total weight of layers B and C combined.

[0043] In another preferred embodiment, the content of the second fiber is 65 wt.% to 82 wt.%, preferably 75 wt.% to 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric. It has been found that for some applications, it is advantageous if the content of the second fiber is not less than 65 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric, because otherwise the absorbency may be insufficient for the specific application. On the other hand, for some applications, it is advantageous if the content of the second fiber is not more than 82 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composite nonwoven fabric, because otherwise the cleaning ability may be insufficient.

[0044] According to the present invention, layer A is a first nonwoven fabric. Preferably, layer A is a first spunbond fabric, a first needle-punched fabric, a first hydroentangled fabric, a first wet-laid fabric, or a first knitted fabric. In a particularly preferred embodiment, layer A is a first spunbond fabric.

[0045] According to the invention, layer A comprises a first fiber, which is a first melt-spun composite fiber, the first melt-spun composite fiber being split to at least a certain extent to produce a first base fiber, the average fineness of the first base fiber being at most 0.2 dtex. Preferably, the average fineness of the first base fiber is in the range of 0.05 dtex to 0.2 dtex, more preferably 0.08 dtex to 0.19 dtex, more preferably 0.1 dtex to 0.19 dtex, and more preferably 0.08 dtex to 0.15 dtex. Thus, the first fiber comprises a low-fineness fiber. These low-fineness fibers are advantageous because, as explained above, they provide the nonwoven composite fabric with excellent capillary action, high water distribution capability, controllable moisture management, and excellent cleaning performance in both directions, namely the machine direction (MD) and the cross direction (CD).

[0046] The term "fibers" is understood to include both filaments and staple fibers. Preferably, the first and second fibers are filaments. More preferably, the yarn comprises filaments. The term "filaments" is understood to mean fibers with a theoretically infinite length compared to staple fibers (i.e., fibers with a specific length). According to the invention, filaments are preferred fibers because they allow for longer water transport distances and more uniform water flow compared to staple fibers.

[0047] In one embodiment, at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed of layer A, and layer B is an adjacent layer of layer A. This allows the presence of a first fiber on the surface of the nonwoven composite fabric, which is advantageous because the fineness of the first base fiber enhances the water transport and cleaning capabilities of the nonwoven composite fabric. These properties are particularly important at the surface of the nonwoven fabric.

[0048] In another embodiment, at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed of layer B, with layer A being an adjacent layer to layer B. Due to the open mesh structure of layer B, some of the smaller first fibers can penetrate the mesh and thus reach the surface of the nonwoven composite fabric. Here, they can improve the water transport and cleaning capabilities of the nonwoven composite fabric. Therefore, it is advantageous if at least layers A and B, and preferably all layers A, B, and C, are entangled, preferably hydroentangled. Preferably, all layers A, B, and C are entangled, particularly hydroentangled, as this improves the stability of the composite material. As explained by hydroentanglement, the first base fibers can be split simultaneously.

[0049] In another embodiment, one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed of layer A, and the other surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed of layer C. In another embodiment, one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed of layer B, and the other surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed of layer C.

[0050] The first fiber is a first melt-spun composite fiber, which is split to at least a certain extent to produce a first base fiber, preferably a first base filament, the average fineness of which is at most 0.2 dtex. Due to the small fineness of the first base fiber, layer A can be considered a microfiber layer. The average fineness of the composite fiber in its unsplit state can be from 2 dtex to 3.5 dtex.

[0051] The second fiber can be a second melt-spun composite fiber or a single fiber, and the average fineness of each fiber is 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex, particularly 2 dtex to 5 dtex.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the second fiber is a single fiber, the average fineness of which is preferably 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, more preferably 3 dtex to 10 dtex, and particularly 3 dtex to 5 dtex.

[0053] When the second fiber is a second melt-spun composite fiber, the fineness refers to the unsplit fiber. This means that when the second fiber is a second melt-spun composite fiber, the average fineness of the unsplit composite fiber is 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex, and particularly 2 dtex to 5 dtex.

[0054] When the second fiber is a second melt-spun composite fiber, the average fineness of the second melt-spun composite fiber is preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex, preferably 2 dtex to 5 dtex, particularly 2 dtex to 3.5 dtex, and is preferably split to at least a certain extent to produce a second base fiber, preferably a second base filament. Preferably, the fineness of the second base fiber is 0.1 dtex to 0.25 dtex, more preferably 0.1 dtex to 0.15 dtex. However, when the second fiber is a second melt-spun composite fiber, its degree of splitting is preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5%. This is beneficial for keeping layer C fully open. Nevertheless, it is preferred that the second composite fiber is at least partially split. Preferably, the degree of splitting of the second composite fiber is at least 1%, such as 1% to 10%, more preferably 1% to 5%. This has the advantage that the presence of small base fibers in layer C also improves the adhesion between layer A and layer C or between layer B and layer C due to better entanglement.

[0055] The advantage of using a single fiber as the second fiber is that layer C has very high absorbency. Additionally, it improves recyclability.

[0056] In one embodiment, the first fiber and the second fiber are also melt-spun composite fibers, which are split to at least a certain extent to produce the base fiber.

[0057] In another preferred embodiment, all three layers A, B, and C are combined with each other by entanglement (preferably hydroentangling). When the second fiber is a melt-spun composite fiber, preferably, the degree of splitting of the second melt-spun composite fiber is 1% to 10%, more preferably 1% to 5%. However, in another embodiment, it is possible for the degree of splitting of the second melt-spun composite fiber to be higher, for example, at least 85%, more preferably at least 95%, and particularly at least 98%.

[0058] Preferably, the degree of splitting of the first composite fiber is at least 85%, more preferably at least 95%, and particularly at least 98%. Preferably, the degree of splitting of the second composite fiber is lower than that of the first composite fiber. This can be achieved, for example, by adjusting the power of the water jet so that the water jet pressure on the outer layer C is lower than that on the other side.

[0059] In another preferred embodiment, all three layers A, B and C are combined with each other by entanglement (preferably hydroentangling), and the splitting degree of the second composite fiber is lower than that of the first composite fiber.

[0060] The degree of fiber splitting can be optically measured using microscopic images (750x magnification) of a cross-sectional cut in the nonwoven fabric. Partially split fibers are considered as unsplit fibers. At least 10 microscopic images should be prepared and examined, and the average degree of splitting should be taken.

[0061] The advantage of using composite fibers as starting materials to produce base fibers is that the fineness of the resulting base fibers can be easily adjusted by changing the number of base fibers included in the composite fibers. Here, the fineness of the composite fibers can be kept constant, which is advantageous from a procedural perspective. Another advantage of using composite fibers is that the ratio of relatively thick to relatively thin fibers in microfiber composite fabrics can be easily controlled by changing the degree of splitting of the composite fibers.

[0062] The composite fiber comprises at least two base fibers and is capable of splitting. This splitting can be achieved by conventional splitting methods, such as hydroentangling. Preferably, the first fiber and optionally the second fiber are split by a water jet. During hydroentangling, the base fibers simultaneously bond together.

[0063] Preferably, the first fiber is a composite fiber that has been split by the water jet. More preferably, layers A and B have been entangled, preferably hydroentangled, thereby simultaneously splitting the first fiber. More preferably, layers A and C have been hydroentangled, thereby simultaneously splitting the first fiber. Most preferably, all three layers A, B, and C have been entangled, preferably hydroentangled, thereby simultaneously splitting the first fiber.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the first fiber of layer A penetrates at least partially through the mesh pores of layer B and / or the pores of layer C, and is at least partially interwoven with the yarns of layer B and / or the second fiber of layer C (“tentacle effect”). This effect can be achieved, for example, by first forming a layered composite material AB or CA, or even a larger layered composite material, such as forming a layered composite material ABC or CAB from one or more layers of layer A, layer B, and layer C, wherein layer A and / or layer C are initially still unconsolidated or only pre-consolidated, and then subjecting the entire layered composite material to a hydroentangling step.

[0065] In this process, the fibers of layer A can be distributed along the Z-direction, i.e., along the cross-section of the microfiber composite. This distribution can include several layers and result in particularly strong adhesion between the individual layers. Practical testing has shown that the finer the fibers, the farther they are transported to the other layers.

[0066] A base fiber is formed by splitting a first melt-spun composite fiber and, optionally, a second melt-spun composite fiber. In this respect, the cross-section of the base fiber can be formed into an arc shape, an n-angle shape, or a multi-leaf shape.

[0067] The nonwoven composite fabric is preferably a nonwoven composite fabric in which the cross-section of the first composite fiber and optionally the second composite fiber has a multi-lobed structure (such as orange segments, also known as a "pancake"), wherein the segments may contain different, alternating, incompatible polymers. A hollow pancake structure is also suitable, and it may also have asymmetrically axially extending cavities. The pancake structure, especially the hollow pancake structure, can be particularly easily split. A hollow pancake structure is also suitable, and it may also have asymmetrically axially extending cavities.

[0068] In this regard, the disc arrangement advantageously has 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 48, or 64 lobes, preferably 4, 8, 16, 24, or 32 lobes, and particularly 4, 8, 16, or 32 lobes. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first fiber and optionally the second composite fiber are first melt-spun composite fibers having a disc arrangement with 16 or 24 lobes. This is more advantageous than the PIE 32 structure because 16 or 24 lobes are easier to produce.

[0069] To achieve easy splitting, it is advantageous if the first composite fiber and optionally the second composite fiber comprise at least two thermoplastic polymers. The composite fiber preferably comprises at least two incompatible polymers. The term "incompatible polymers" is understood to mean polymers that, when combined, produce non-adhesive, partially adhesive, or difficult-to-adhere pairings. This type of composite fiber exhibits good splitting ability into base fibers and produces a good strength-to-weight ratio per unit area. When partially adhesive or difficult-to-adhere pairings are present in the composite fiber, these paired fibers are more easily split than composite fibers composed of only one of the polymers.

[0070] Polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides and / or polyurethanes are preferably used as incompatible polymer pairs to produce combinations of non-adhesive, partially adhesive or difficult-to-adhere pairs.

[0071] The polymer pair used is particularly preferably selected from polymer pairs having at least one first polyolefin, preferably polypropylene and / or at least one polyamide, preferably polyamide 6, on the one hand, and at least one second polyolefin, preferably polypropylene or at least one polyester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate, on the other hand.

[0072] Polymer pairs containing polypropylene, such as polypropylene / polyethylene, polypropylene / polyamide 6 and / or polypropylene / polyethylene terephthalate, are particularly preferred.

[0073] The polymer pair having at least one polyester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate and / or at least one polyamide, preferably polyamide 6, is also particularly preferred.

[0074] Due to its limited adhesion, polymer pairs having at least one polyamide and / or at least one polyethylene terephthalate are preferred, and due to its poor adhesion, polymer pairs having at least one polyolefin are particularly preferred.

[0075] The following have proven particularly suitable as particularly preferred components: on the one hand, a polyester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, and / or polybutylene terephthalate; on the other hand, a polyamide, preferably polyamide 6, polyamide 66, or polyamide 46, optionally with one or more other polymers incompatible with the above components, preferably selected from polyolefin combinations. This combination exhibits excellent splitting properties. Combinations of polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide 6 or polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide 66 are particularly preferred.

[0076] Options for generating microfilament layers of split composite fibers are known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in EP0814188 A1 and EP 1619283 A1.

[0077] In one embodiment, at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed of layer A. This allows the average fineness of the fibers on at least one surface layer to be less than the average fineness in at least one inner layer, because layer A comprises base fibers with an average fineness of at most 0.2 dtex, while layers B and C comprise fibers with higher fineness.

[0078] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven composite fabric has a thickness measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, said thickness being 0.8 mm to 6 mm, preferably 1.0 mm to 6 mm, more preferably 1.2 mm to 6 mm, preferably 1.5 mm to 4 mm, and particularly 1.5 mm to 3 mm.

[0079] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, layer B has a thickness measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, which is 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm, and particularly 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0080] In another preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric is produced based on a starting layer B having a thickness measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, which is 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm, and particularly 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0081] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, layer C has a thickness measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, said thickness being 0.2 mm to 3.5 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 3 mm, more preferably 1.5 mm to 3 mm, and particularly 2 mm to 3 mm.

[0082] In another preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric is produced based on a starting layer C having a thickness measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, the thickness being 0.2 mm to 3.5 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 3 mm, more preferably 1.5 mm to 3 mm, and particularly 2 mm to 3 mm.

[0083] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, layer B has a weight per unit area as measured according to ISO 9073-1:1989-07, said weight per unit area being 40 g / m². 2 Up to 90 g / m 2 Preferably 60 g / m 2 Up to 80 g / m 2 .

[0084] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, layer C has a weight per unit area as measured according to ISO 9073-1:1989-07, wherein the weight per unit area is 30 g / m². 2 Up to 400 g / m 2 Preferably 100 g / m 2 Up to 400 g / m 2 Especially 120 g / m 2 Up to 280 g / m 2 .

[0085] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven composite fabric has a weight per unit area as measured according to ISO 9073-1:1989-07, wherein the weight per unit area is 95 g / m². 2 Up to 600 g / m 2 Preferably 200 g / m 2 Up to 400 g / m 2 .

[0086] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the degree of splitting of the first fiber is at least 85%, more preferably at least 95%, and particularly at least 98%. This embodiment is advantageous because it results in excellent capillary action, water transport, particularly water distribution capability, and controllable moisture management. More preferably, based on the total weight of layer A, the content of the first base fiber in layer A is 85 wt.% to 100 wt.%, more preferably 95 wt.% to 100 wt.%, and particularly 98 wt.% to 100 wt.%. More preferably, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric, the content of the first base fiber in layer A is 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, more preferably 8 wt.% to 20 wt.%, and particularly 9 wt.% to 15 wt.%.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of layer C, the content of the second base fiber (if present) of layer C is less than 10 wt.%, preferably 1 wt.% to 10 wt.%, more preferably 1 wt.% to 5 wt.%.

[0088] Layer C can be selected from second nonwoven fabrics such as second spunbond fabrics, second needle-punched fabrics, second spunlace fabrics, and second wet-laid nonwoven fabrics; woven fabrics such as microfiber-based or non-microfiber-based fabrics; and knitted fabrics such as microfiber-based or non-microfiber-based knitted fabrics. Preferably, layer C is a second nonwoven fabric, particularly a second spunbond fabric.

[0089] As described above, preferably, layer A is joined to layer B or layer A is joined to layer C by entanglement, preferably by hydroentangling. Most preferably, all layers A, B, and C are joined to each other by entanglement, particularly by hydroentangling. This is advantageous because it stabilizes the nonwoven composite fabric.

[0090] In a simplified embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven composite fabric consists of only one layer A, one layer B, and one layer C. This means that the nonwoven composite fabric does not include any additional layers besides layers A, B, and C. However, for optimized properties, it may be advantageous if layers A and B are integrated into a multilayer material. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric includes more than one layer A, more than one layer B, more than one layer C, and / or additional layers different from layers A, B, or C. The descriptions relating to layers A, B, and C herein should also apply to any additional layers A, B, and C.

[0091] In one embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric includes at least one additional layer C in addition to layer C. The descriptions relating to layer C herein also apply to the additional layer C. In a nonwoven composite fabric comprising at least one layer C and at least one additional layer C, the structures of the two layers C can be selected independently of each other.

[0092] The other layers, different from layers A, B, or C, can be selected from other nonwoven fabrics such as spunbond, needle-punched, spunlace, and wet-laid nonwoven fabrics, fabrics such as microfiber-based or non-microfiber-based fabrics, and knitted fabrics such as microfiber-based or non-microfiber-based knitted fabrics.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric includes an attachment layer D as an additional layer. Through the attachment layer D, the nonwoven composite fabric can be attached to the frame of a cleaning tool, preferably a flat wiper. In one embodiment, layer D is constructed to allow attachment to a frame including two wings. For this purpose, layer D preferably has a bag shape, more preferably a double-bag shape. Also preferably, layer D includes at least two sublayers that are partially adhered at the edges, thereby forming a bag shape, preferably a double-bag shape. In a preferred embodiment, the attachment layer D is arranged on layer C. Preferably, layer D is adjacent to layer C. However, in another embodiment, it is possible to have an intermediate layer between layer D and layer C.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment, the attachment layer D is made of a hydrophobic textile fabric. Preferably, the attachment layer D is a hydrophobic nonwoven fabric, particularly made of thermoplastic polymers such as polypropylene and / or polyethylene.

[0095] In another preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric has through-holes. These can be formed by water jetting and promote water permeability.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric is manufactured by a method comprising the following steps: A) providing a layer A, which is a first nonwoven fabric and comprises a first fiber, preferably a first filament, the first fiber being a first melt-spun composite fiber capable of being split to at least a certain extent to produce a first base fiber, the first base fiber having an average fineness of at most 0.2 dtex; B) providing a layer B, which is a mesh comprising yarns having an average fineness of 400 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 600 dtex to 2200 dtex, more preferably 800 dtex to 2200 dtex, particularly 1100 dtex to 2200 dtex; C) providing a layer C, which is a textile fabric comprising a second fiber, preferably a second filament, the second fiber having an average fineness of 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex. D) Positioning one of layers A, B, and preferably C on top of the other to obtain a composite material, such that layers A and B are adjacent to each other, and at least one surface layer of the composite material is formed by layer A or layer B; E) Treating layers A and B and preferably C with a water jet, whereby at least the first fiber is entangled and split to at least a certain extent to produce a base fiber, thereby obtaining a consolidated composite material, wherein the average fineness of the base fiber is at most 0.2 dtex; F) Optionally, bonding layer C to the consolidated composite material formed in step E; G) thereby obtaining a nonwoven composite fabric.

[0097] Step E) is performed after step D).

[0098] In step F), layer C may optionally be bonded to the consolidated composite material formed in step E). This step is particularly applicable if, in step D), one of layers A or B but not layer C is positioned on top of the other.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment of step D), one of layers A, B, and C is positioned on top of the other. This allows for the production of a nonwoven composite fabric in a single step.

[0100] In a preferred embodiment of step E), layers A and B, and optionally C, are joined together by a water jet process.

[0101] In a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric produced by the method of the present invention is a nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more embodiments described herein.

[0102] The nonwoven composite fabric of the present invention is particularly suitable for cleaning. Therefore, in a particularly preferred embodiment, the nonwoven composite fabric of the present invention is used as a cleaning product, preferably as a cleaning cloth, and particularly as a floor cleaning cloth.

[0103] This invention specifically relates to the use of nonwoven composite fabrics according to one or more embodiments described herein as cleaning articles, preferably as cleaning cloths, and particularly as floor cleaning cloths. Preferably, during use, layer A or layer B, preferably layer A, is in contact with the surface to be cleaned, particularly the floor.

[0104] The present invention further relates to a cleaning method comprising the steps of: A') providing a cleaning device, particularly a flat wiper, the cleaning device comprising a nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more embodiments described herein, and B') cleaning a surface with the cleaning device, wherein a layer A or a layer B of the nonwoven composite fabric, preferably layer A, is in contact with the surface to be cleaned.

[0105] Preferably, the surface to be cleaned is a flat surface, particularly a floor. More preferably, layer A is in contact with the surface to be cleaned during use.

[0106] The present invention also relates to a cleaning device, particularly a flat wiper, the cleaning device comprising a nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more embodiments described herein.

[0107] The present invention is further described below through the following embodiments, which are merely exemplary and should not limit the scope of the invention.

[0108] Example 1: Preparation of the composite nonwoven fabric 1 of the present invention. The composite nonwoven fabric 1 of the present invention is produced using the following starting materials: a) Layer A: composed of a first filament, wherein the first filament is a first melt-spun composite filament, and the fineness of the first melt-spun composite filament is 0.1 dtex. The weight per unit area of ​​layer A is 30 g / m². 2 .

[0109] b) Mesh layer B: Composed of yarns with an average fineness of 1100 dtex. The weight per unit area of ​​layer B is 70 g / m². 2 .

[0110] c) Absorbent layer C: Composed of a second filament, which is a composite filament with an average fineness of 2.5 dtex, wherein the weight per unit area of ​​layer C is 240 g / m². 2 .

[0111] One of layers A, B, and C is positioned on top of the others, thus forming a layer structure ABC.

[0112] The composite material ABC is treated with a water jet, thereby causing the first fiber to become entangled and split to more than 90% to produce a first base filament with an average fineness of 0.15 dtex, and thereby causing the second fiber to become entangled and split to less than 5%. Further, the first fiber of layer A penetrates at least partially into the pores of layer B and is at least partially interwoven with the second fiber of layer B (“tentacle effect”).

[0113] The thickness of the resulting composite nonwoven fabric 1, measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, is 2 mm. In the composite nonwoven fabric, the thickness of layer A is 0.3 mm, the thickness of layer B is 0.4 mm, and the thickness of layer C is 1.3 mm.

[0114] The composite nonwoven fabric 1 of the present invention exhibits excellent cleaning performance, particularly high capillary action, rapid water absorption and distribution capabilities, and low adhesion to surfaces to be cleaned.

[0115] Example 2: Preparation of the Composite Nonwoven Fabric 2 of the Present Invention The composite nonwoven fabric 2 of the present invention was produced according to Example 1. However, for layer C, a monofilament with a fineness of 4 dtex was used. The thickness of layer C was 0.3 mm. The resulting thickness of the composite nonwoven fabric was 1 mm.

[0116] Moreover, the composite nonwoven fabric 2 of the present invention exhibits excellent cleaning performance, particularly high capillary action, rapid water absorption and distribution capabilities, and low adhesion to surfaces to be cleaned.

[0117] Example 3: Preparation of the composite nonwoven fabric 3 of the present invention. The composite nonwoven fabric 3 of the present invention is produced according to Example 1. However, one of layers A, B, and C is positioned on top of the others to form a layer structure BAC.

[0118] Moreover, the composite nonwoven fabric 3 of the present invention exhibits excellent cleaning performance, particularly high capillary action, rapid water absorption and distribution capabilities, and low adhesion to surfaces to be cleaned.

[0119] Example 4: Preparation of the composite nonwoven fabric 4 of the present invention. The composite nonwoven fabric 4 of the present invention is produced according to Example 1. An additional layer (attachment layer D) having a double-bag shape is attached to layer C.

[0120] Moreover, the composite nonwoven fabric 4 of the present invention exhibits excellent cleaning performance, particularly high capillary action, rapid water absorption and distribution capabilities, and low adhesion to surfaces to be cleaned.

Claims

1. A nonwoven composite fabric comprising layers A, B, and C, wherein a) layer A is a first nonwoven fabric and comprises a first fiber, preferably a first melt-spun composite filament, the first fiber being split to at least a certain extent to produce a first base fiber, preferably a first base filament, the average fineness of the first base fiber being at most 0.2 dtex; b) layer B is a mesh comprising yarns, the average fineness of the yarns being 400 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 800 dtex to 2200 dtex, particularly 1100 dtex to 2200 dtex; c) layer C is a textile fabric comprising a second fiber, preferably a second filament, the average fineness of the second fiber being 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex, wherein layers A and B are adjacent to each other, and wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer A or layer B.

2. The nonwoven composite fabric according to claim 1, wherein layers A, B, and C are arranged in an ABC layer sequence, wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer A, or layers A, B, and C are arranged in a CAB layer sequence, wherein at least one surface layer of the nonwoven composite fabric is formed by layer B.

3. The nonwoven composite fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of layer A, as measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2:1997-02, is less than 1 mm, for example, from 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm, and / or the weight per unit area of ​​layer A, as measured according to ISO 9073-1:1989-07, is at most 100 g / m². 2 For example, 25 g / m 2 Up to 100 g / m 2 .

4. The nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least layer A and layer B, preferably all three layers A, B and C, are combined with each other by entanglement, preferably by hydroentangling.

5. The nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mesh is a woven mesh fabric.

6. The nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the average mesh size of the mesh is 3 mm. 2 Up to 50 mm 2 Preferably 4 mm 2 Up to 25 mm 2 .

7. The nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, wherein the content of the first fiber is 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, preferably 8 wt.% to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric.

8. The nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second fiber is a single fiber.

9. The nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, wherein the yarn content of layer B is 10 wt.% to 30 wt.%, preferably 15 wt.% to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric.

10. The nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, wherein, based on the total weight of the nonwoven composite fabric, the content of the first fiber is 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, the content of the yarn in layer B is 10 wt.% to 30 wt.%, and the content of the second fiber is 65 wt.% to 82 wt.%.

11. A method for manufacturing a nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of the preceding claims, the method comprising the steps of: A) providing a layer A, the layer A being a first nonwoven fabric and the layer A comprising a first fiber, preferably a first filament, the first fiber being a first melt-spun composite fiber, the first melt-spun composite fiber being capable of being split to at least a certain extent to produce a first base fiber, the first base fiber having an average fineness of at most 0.2 dtex; B) providing a layer B, the layer B being a mesh, the mesh comprising yarns having an average fineness of 400 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 800 dtex to 2200 dtex, particularly 1100 dtex to 2200 dtex; C) providing a layer C, the layer C being a textile fabric, the textile fabric comprising a second fiber, preferably a second filament, the second fiber having an average fineness of 0.25 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably 0.25 dtex to 5 dtex. D) Positioning one of layers A, B, and preferably C on top of the other to obtain a composite material, such that layers A and B are adjacent to each other, and at least one surface layer of the composite material is formed by layer A or layer B; E) Treating layers A and B and preferably layer C with a water jet, thereby causing at least the first fiber to be entangled and split to at least a certain extent to produce a base fiber, thereby obtaining a consolidated composite material, wherein the average fineness of the base fiber is at most 0.2 dtex; F) Optionally, bonding layer C to the consolidated composite material formed in step E); G) thereby obtaining a nonwoven composite fabric.

12. Use of the nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 11 as a cleaning product, wherein preferably, during use, layer A or layer B is in contact with the surface to be cleaned.

13. A cleaning method, the method comprising the following steps: A') Provide a cleaning device comprising a nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, B') Clean a surface with the cleaning device, wherein layer A or layer B of the nonwoven composite fabric, preferably layer A, is in contact with the surface to be cleaned.

14. The cleaning method according to claim 13, wherein the surface to be cleaned is a flat surface, particularly a floor.

15. A cleaning device, particularly a flat wiper, said cleaning device comprising a nonwoven composite fabric according to one or more of claims 1 to 10.

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