Spring self-adaptive synchronous ear picking and peeling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a spring self-adaptive synchronous ear picking and peeling device which comprises six pairs of peeling rollers, and each pair of peeling rollers is composed of a driving roller body and a driven roller body which are symmetrically arranged; roller bodies in the six pairs of husking rollers are a leading-in roller, a first right-hand thread husking roller, a first deep husking roller, a second right-hand thread husking roller, a second deep husking roller and a third right-hand thread husking roller which are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction of vertical corn harvesting; each roller body is of a multi-layer composite roller body structure, and each roller body is sequentially provided with a connecting shaft, a first supporting layer, a spring layer and a second supporting layer from inside to outside. The corn thresher realizes integrated continuous operation of ear picking, peeling and separation, is suitable for corns with different diameters, is high in peeling rate, low in corn loss, compact and durable in structure and convenient to maintain, and can be widely suitable for various corn harvesting machines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more specifically, to a spring-adaptive synchronous ear picking and peeling device. Background Technology

[0002] Corn harvesting machinery (corn harvester) is agricultural machinery specifically designed for the corn ripening period. It is used to efficiently complete tasks such as ear picking, husking, and straw processing, significantly replacing manual labor and improving harvesting efficiency and quality.

[0003] However, current corn harvesting machinery technologies still suffer from problems such as functional fragmentation, insufficient adaptability, and limited scenario adaptation, which restrict operational efficiency and quality. Specifically, existing corn harvesting machinery devices have the following problems: (1) Among the existing devices, most only focus on a single function: CN 106068912 A (a corn harvester header), CN 106416606 B (an indirect adjustable vertical corn ear picking device), CN 207054128 U (a swing plate type corn ear picking device), CN 106961920 B (a corn ear picking device), CN 212306167 U (a gap adaptive vertical ear picking roller device), CN 206314216 U (a corn ear picking stalk self-crushing device), CN 2884851 Y (a stalk pulling roller in the ear picking device of a corn harvester), CN 120677920 A (a vertical corn stalk leaf and ear removal device) and CN113950950 A (a lodged corn harvesting device) only realize ear picking or lodging assistance functions, CN 223286241 U (a wear-resistant and low-temperature resistant corn peeling roller) and CN 119452888 A (an adaptively adjustable corn peeling device that focuses solely on peeling) require multiple devices to be connected, resulting in a fragmented process; CN 114223390 A (an unmanned remote-controlled corn harvesting robot system) involves multiple stages, but it does not achieve efficient integration and coordination of ear picking and peeling. (2) Regarding adaptive adjustment, CN 106068912 A (a corn harvester header with a fixed gap design) and CN 106416606 B (an indirect adjustable vertical corn picking device) require manual gap adjustment. CN 119452888 A (an adaptively adjustable corn peeling device) and CN 212306167 U (a gap-adaptive vertical picking roller device) rely on complex mechanical transmission or hydraulic structure and cannot dynamically adapt to the fluctuation of corn diameter. The newly added patents have not solved this core pain point. CN 102986368 A (a lodged corn harvesting device) focuses on straightening lodged corn and CN 114223390 A (an unmanned remote-controlled corn harvesting robot system) focuses on remote control and the whole process framework. Both lack flexible adaptive mechanisms. (3) Insufficient operation quality and scene adaptability: CN 207054128 U (a swing plate type corn ear picking device) and CN 106961920 B (a corn ear picking device) rely on squeezing or impact operation, which easily damages the ears. CN 223286241 U (a wear-resistant and low-temperature resistant corn peeling roller) has a single peeling structure, resulting in a high residual husk rate. Vertical layouts such as CN 120677920 A (a vertical corn stalk leaf and ear removal device) and CN 212306167 U (a gap adaptive vertical ear picking roller device) are prone to congestion. Most devices do not take into account the lodging scenario (except CN 102986368 A (lodging corn harvesting device)) and have weak cross-environment adaptability. In addition, existing devices have complex structures. The multi-module design of CN 119452888 A (an adaptively adjustable corn peeling device) and CN 114223390 A (an unmanned remote-controlled corn harvesting robot system) has a high failure rate, and the maintenance cost of vulnerable parts of CN2884851 Y (a stalk pulling roller in the ear picking device of a corn harvester) and CN 223286241 U (a wear-resistant and low-temperature resistant corn peeling roller) is high.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a device for simultaneous ear picking and peeling to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a spring-adaptive synchronous ear picking and peeling device, which aims to solve the problems of poor adaptability, low peeling rate, easy damage to corn and short component life of existing corn peeling devices, and can realize integrated and efficient operation of ear picking, peeling and separation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device includes six pairs of peeling rollers. Each pair of peeling rollers consists of symmetrically arranged active and driven rollers. The corresponding active and driven rollers are driven by a transmission system to achieve synchronous and opposite rotation. The rollers in the six pairs of peeling rollers are, in sequence along the conveying direction of vertical corn harvesting, an introductory roller, a first positive thread peeling roller, a first deep peeling roller, a second positive thread peeling roller, a second deep peeling roller, and a third positive thread peeling roller. Each roller has a multi-layer composite roller structure. From the inside to the outside, the roller has a connecting shaft, a first support layer, a spring layer, and a second support layer. The two ends of the connecting shaft in the middle are supported on the frame to realize the assembly of the roller with the harvesting machinery and the power transmission. The first support layer is connected to the outer periphery of the connecting shaft, and the spring layer is encapsulated between the first support layer and the second support layer. The outer periphery of the second support layer of the introduction roller is provided with a first wear-resistant layer, and a plurality of convex introduction rubber rings are provided at equal intervals along the roller body axial direction on the outer surface of the first wear-resistant layer; the first deep peeling roller has the same structure as the second deep peeling roller, and the outer periphery of the second support layer of each deep peeling roller is provided with a second wear-resistant layer, and a plurality of convex deep peeling rubber rings are provided at equal intervals along the roller body axial direction on the outer surface of the second wear-resistant layer; the distance between two adjacent convex introduction rubber rings is greater than the distance between two adjacent convex deep peeling rubber rings; The first positive thread peeling roller, the second positive thread peeling roller, and the third positive thread peeling roller have the same structure, and each positive thread peeling roller has a single-headed metal positive thread on the outer peripheral wall of the second support layer. The rotation directions of the inlet roller, the first positive thread peeling roller, the first deep peeling roller, the second positive thread peeling roller, the second deep peeling roller, and the third positive thread peeling roller are consistent, and the thread direction of the single-headed metal positive thread on each positive thread peeling roller is consistent with the forward direction of the corn cob.

[0007] Preferably, both the first support layer and the second support layer are made of stainless steel, carbon steel or aluminum alloy; both the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer are made of polyurethane.

[0008] Preferably, the spring layer is composed of elastic elements evenly arranged along the axial and circumferential directions of the roller body.

[0009] Preferably, the convex rubber ring and the first wear-resistant layer are integrally formed, the longitudinal section of the convex rubber ring is semi-circular, and the end of the convex rubber ring away from the first wear-resistant layer is an arc transition structure; the convex height of the convex rubber ring is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex rubber rings is 15mm.

[0010] Preferably, the convex deep peeling rubber ring and the second wear-resistant layer are integrally formed, the longitudinal section of the convex deep peeling rubber ring is trapezoidal, and the end of the convex deep peeling rubber ring away from the second wear-resistant layer is a planar structure; the convex height of the convex deep peeling rubber ring is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex deep peeling rubber rings is 11mm.

[0011] Preferably, the pitch of the single-start metal positive thread is 60-80mm, and the tooth profile is triangular.

[0012] Preferably, the thread tip diameter of the corresponding middle region of the positive thread peeling roller is smaller than that at both ends, forming a gradually narrowing structure in the middle, and the gradually narrowing transition section of the roller body adopts a smooth arc surface transition.

[0013] Preferably, the corresponding layer structures of the connecting shaft, the first support layer, the spring layer, the second support layer, and the wear-resistant layer in the roller body are all fixed by mechanical interlocking.

[0014] Preferably, both ends of the roller body are provided with an axial locking structure to ensure the coaxiality of each layer and to restrict the movement of each layer in the axial direction; both ends of the connecting shaft are rotatably mounted on the frame, and the mating part between the connecting shaft and the frame is provided with a grease filling port and a seal.

[0015] Preferably, a straw-corn subsequent separation device is provided in front of the third positive thread peeling roller.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Spring self-adaptive adjustment with wide adaptability: The spring layer inside the roller can flexibly adjust the gap between the rollers according to the diameter of the corn. Whether it is a small-diameter corn or a large-diameter corn, it can achieve stable clamping and moderate pressure operation, effectively avoiding the corn crushing or incomplete peeling problems caused by the traditional fixed gap design, and adapting to the harvesting needs of different varieties and different growth states of corn.

[0017] (2) Multi-level collaborative peeling with high peeling rate: The five-level operation process of "introduction-preliminary peeling-deep peeling-repeated reinforcement-separation output" is adopted. Through the structural combination of convex introduction rubber ring, single-head metal positive thread and convex deep peeling rubber ring, the outer skin of corn is peeled off layer by layer, which significantly improves the peeling rate. Moreover, the corn is subjected to uniform force during the conveying process, with good integrity and low loss rate.

[0018] (3) Synchronous push to adapt to subsequent processes, improving efficiency: The third positive thread peeling roller rotates in the same direction as the preceding roller, pushing the corn ears and straw to the subsequent separation equipment simultaneously. There is no need to set up a separation structure inside the device, simplifying the overall layout, avoiding internal congestion, and improving the continuity of operation; at the same time, it adapts to large-scale subsequent separation processes, reducing the complexity of equipment connection.

[0019] (4) Compact and durable structure, easy maintenance: The roller body adopts a multi-layer composite structure. The outer wear-resistant layer extends the service life, and the inner support layer ensures the structural strength. With standardized clamps, collars and other assembly parts (axial locking structure), the overall structure is compact and the layout is reasonable. It is easy to install on various corn harvesting machinery and reduces the difficulty and cost of later maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the roller structure introduced in this invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positive thread peeling roller in this invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the deep peeling roller in this invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of a spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view at point AA.

[0027] In the figure: 1-Introduction roller, 2-First positive thread peeling roller, 3-First deep peeling roller, 4-Second positive thread peeling roller, 5-Second deep peeling roller, 6-Third positive thread peeling roller, 7-Connecting shaft, 8-First support layer, 9-Spring layer, 10-Second support layer, 11-First wear-resistant layer, 12-Convex introduction rubber ring, 13-Second wear-resistant layer, 14-Convex deep peeling rubber ring, 15-Single-head metal positive thread, 16-Elastic element, 17-Clamping piece, 18-Collar, 19-Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Example

[0031] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a spring-adaptive synchronous ear picking and peeling device, including six pairs of peeling rollers. Each pair of peeling rollers consists of a symmetrically arranged active roller and a driven roller. The corresponding active roller and driven roller are driven by a transmission system (gear-motor) to achieve synchronous and opposite rotation.

[0032] The six pairs of peeling rollers are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of vertical corn harvesting (i.e., from back to front): introduction roller 1, first positive thread peeling roller 2, first depth peeling roller 3, second positive thread peeling roller 4, second positive thread peeling roller 5, and third positive thread peeling roller 6.

[0033] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the six pairs of peeling rollers from right to left are: introductory roller 1 (first pair), first positive thread peeling roller 2 (second pair), first depth peeling roller 3 (third pair), second positive thread peeling roller 4 (fourth pair), second positive thread peeling roller 5 (fifth pair), and third positive thread peeling roller 6 (sixth pair).

[0034] Each roller is a multi-layer composite roller structure, which consists of a connecting shaft 7, a first support layer 8, a spring layer 9, and a second support layer 10 from the inside out. The two ends of the connecting shaft 7, located in the middle, are supported on the frame to realize the assembly of the roller with the harvesting machinery and the transmission of power. The first support layer 8 is connected to the outer periphery of the connecting shaft 7, and the spring layer 9 is encapsulated between the first support layer 8 and the second support layer 10.

[0035] The spring layer 9 in this invention is a core adaptive component that can adjust the gap between the rollers in real time according to the diameter of the corn. More specifically, when the roller is squeezed by corn, the elastic element 16 in the spring layer 9 will undergo elastic deformation, so that the gap between the driving roller and the driven roller can adapt to corn ears of different diameters.

[0036] The outer periphery of the second support layer of the introducing roller 1 is provided with a first wear-resistant layer 11. On the outer surface of the first wear-resistant layer 11, a plurality of convex introducing rubber rings 12 are provided at equal intervals along the roller body axis. The first deep peeling roller 3 and the second deep peeling roller 5 have the same structure. The outer periphery of the second support layer of each deep peeling roller is provided with a second wear-resistant layer 13. On the outer surface of the second wear-resistant layer 13, a plurality of convex deep peeling rubber rings 14 are provided at equal intervals along the roller body axis. The spacing between two adjacent convex introducing rubber rings is greater than the spacing between two adjacent convex deep peeling rubber rings. That is, the arrangement density of the convex deep peeling rubber rings 14 is greater than that of the convex introducing rubber rings 12.

[0037] The connecting shaft 7, the first support layer 8, the spring layer 9, the second support layer 10, and the wear-resistant layer in the roller body are all fixed by mechanical interlocking.

[0038] The first positive thread peeling roller 2, the second positive thread peeling roller 4, and the third positive thread peeling roller 6 have the same structure, and each positive thread peeling roller has a single-headed metal positive thread 15 on the outer peripheral wall of the second support layer.

[0039] The single-headed metal positive thread 15 is formed by casting. The second support layer 10 in the positive thread peeling roller and the single-headed metal positive thread 15 together play the role of the wear-resistant structural layer of the positive thread peeling roller, thereby supporting and protecting the internal spring layer 9.

[0040] Meanwhile, the rotation directions of the introduction roller 1, the first positive thread peeling roller 2, the first deep peeling roller 3, the second positive thread peeling roller 4, the second deep peeling roller 5, and the third positive thread peeling roller 6 are consistent, which is used to clamp and guide the corn cob forward, so as to realize the synchronous pushing of the corn cob and the straw. In addition, the thread direction of the single-head metal positive thread 15 on each positive thread peeling roller is consistent with the forward direction of the corn cob, which is used to guide the corn cob to move upward along the roller body axis.

[0041] In this embodiment, the outer surfaces of the introductory roller 1, the first positive thread peeling roller 2, the first deep peeling roller 3, the second positive thread peeling roller 4, the second deep peeling roller 5, and the third positive thread peeling roller 6 are respectively provided with a convex introductory rubber ring 12, a single-headed metal positive thread 15, and a convex deep peeling rubber ring 14 according to their functional division, thereby forming a hierarchical cooperative working structure.

[0042] In a further specific embodiment, both the first support layer 8 and the second support layer 10 are made of stainless steel, carbon steel or aluminum alloy, or of course, other high-strength materials in the prior art can be selected.

[0043] The first support layer 8 is an inner support structure, usually fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 7; the second support layer 10, as a wear-resistant layer or located within the wear-resistant layer, is made of metal and provides the main structural rigidity for the roller body. That is, the first support layer 8 and the second support layer 10 are used to provide support for the corresponding wear-resistant layer, threaded layer and the entire roller body structure, enabling it to withstand the pressure and load experienced during the processing.

[0044] Meanwhile, both the first wear-resistant layer 11 and the second wear-resistant layer 13 are made of polyurethane material, which is in direct contact with corn, thus reducing damage to corn kernels and extending the life of the roller.

[0045] In a further specific embodiment, the spring layer 9 is composed of elastic elements 16 evenly arranged along the axial and circumferential directions of the roller body.

[0046] In this invention, the compressibility of the spring layer enables the radial flexible expansion and contraction of the roller body. At the same time, the elastic elements in the spring layer are evenly arranged in the axial and circumferential directions, which can make the buffering force of the roller body consistent in the entire circumference and axial direction, and prevent local tightness / looseness. This greatly improves the peeling rate and reduces the grain breakage rate.

[0047] In a further specific embodiment, the convex rubber ring 12 and the first wear-resistant layer 11 are integrally formed, which makes their connection strength high and their overall structure good; the longitudinal section of the convex rubber ring 12 is semi-circular, and the end of the convex rubber ring away from the first wear-resistant layer is an arc transition structure; the convex height of the convex rubber ring 12 is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex rubber rings is 15mm.

[0048] In this embodiment, a total of 11 convex rubber rings are provided along the axial direction of the roller body. The total length of the roller body is 640mm. The convex rubber rings cover the effective working area of ​​500mm in the middle of the roller body, and the two ends are reserved for assembly to connect the connecting shaft.

[0049] Furthermore, the convex deep peeling rubber ring 14 and the second wear-resistant layer 13 are also integrally molded structures. The longitudinal section of the convex deep peeling rubber ring 14 is trapezoidal, and the end of the convex deep peeling rubber ring away from the second wear-resistant layer is a planar structure. That is, the outer layer of the deep peeling roller is generally bamboo-shaped. The convex height of the convex deep peeling rubber ring 14 is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex deep peeling rubber rings is 11mm.

[0050] In a further specific embodiment, the pitch of the single-start metal positive thread 15 is 60-80mm, and the tooth profile is triangular.

[0051] In a further specific embodiment, the entire body of the positive thread peeling roller is "waist drum shaped", and the thread top diameter in the middle area of ​​the roller body is smaller than that at both ends (generally the thread top diameter in the middle area is 2-5mm smaller than that at both ends), forming a gradually narrowing structure in the middle, and the gradually narrowing transition section of the roller body adopts a smooth arc surface transition.

[0052] In a further specific embodiment, both ends of the roller body are also provided with an axial locking structure to ensure the coaxiality of each layer structure and to limit the movement of each layer structure in the axial direction. The axial locking structure includes a clamping piece 17, a collar 18 and a gasket 19 that are fitted together and precisely locked on the connecting shaft 7. It can ensure the stability and disassembly of the roller body during rotation, avoid the impact of assembly deviation on the working effect, and simplify the installation and maintenance process.

[0053] Meanwhile, the two ends of the connecting shaft 7 are rotatably mounted on the frame, and the mating parts of the connecting shaft 7 and the frame are equipped with grease filling ports and seals. By adding high-temperature resistant and dust-resistant grease, the rotational friction can be reduced, which can reduce component wear, ensure the long-term stable rotation of the roller, and avoid the impact on efficiency due to friction jamming during operation.

[0054] In a further specific embodiment, a straw-corn subsequent separation device is provided in front of the third positive thread peeling roller 6.

[0055] The working process of this invention: During operation, the corn plants are fed into the device, and the straw is first held by the first pair of rollers—the guide rollers. Initial separation and peeling: The plant enters the second pair of rollers—the first positive thread peeling roller; under the friction and guidance of the single-headed metal positive thread (i.e., right thread), the corn ear and straw begin to separate and move upward, completing the first peeling at the same time; Deep peeling: The corn cob then enters the multi-stage peeling zone composed of the third, fourth and fifth pairs of rollers; the convex deep peeling rubber ring and the single-headed metal positive thread work alternately to peel off the husks layer by layer through strong friction and kneading; the spring layer continues to play a role in this process, adapting to the diameter fluctuations of different corn cobs, ensuring stable clamping force and not damaging the kernels; Synchronous push output: After deep peeling, the corn ears and straw enter the sixth pair of rollers—the third positive thread peeling roller. Under the pushing force of the thread, the corn ears and straw move forward synchronously and are discharged from the device outlet, directly entering the straw-corn subsequent separation equipment to complete the whole process of "ear picking-peeling-synchronous output".

[0056] The specific functions and effects of each peeling roller in this invention are as follows: The structure of the first pair of rollers (introducing rollers) is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, its wear-resistant layer has several convex rubber rings formed on its outer surface. The main function is to provide a strong initial clamping force to stably pull the corn stalks into the device and prevent slippage. The structure of the second, fourth, and sixth pairs of rollers (positive thread peeling rollers) is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the outer surface of its second support layer is cast with a single-start metal positive thread. This thread is a right-hand thread with a pitch of 60mm. The key feature is that the thread top diameter in the middle area of ​​the roller is smaller than that at both ends, forming a "waist drum" shape or a structure that gradually narrows in the middle. This design facilitates the passage of corn ears while allowing the peeled husks to fall off from the gap below. The sixth pair of rollers generates a continuous pushing force through rotation in the same direction, ensuring that the corn and straw are discharged synchronously. The third and fifth pairs of rollers (deep peeling rollers) have the following structure: Figure 4 As shown, the outer surface of its wear-resistant layer is provided with several convex deep peeling rubber rings. These convex deep peeling rubber rings are evenly distributed and have an overall "bamboo joint" shape, which can significantly increase the local contact pressure and friction with the corn husks, perform deep peeling of the corn after preliminary peeling, and the rubber material can avoid damaging the straw and corn ears.

[0057] This invention realizes integrated continuous operation of ear picking, peeling, and separation, is compatible with corn of different diameters, has a high peeling rate and low corn loss, has a compact and durable structure, is easy to maintain, and can be widely adapted to various corn harvesting machinery.

[0058] This invention is the first to integrate ear picking and peeling functions, achieving full-process operation through six pairs of grading rollers, thus overcoming the functional integration shortcomings of many referenced patents in the background technology. It replaces manual adjustment (such as CN 106416606A (a vertical corn ear picking device with adjustable gap)) and complex mechanical transmission (such as CN 119452888 A (a corn peeling device with adaptive adjustment)) with an internal spring layer in the roller body, achieving automatic dynamic adaptation of the gap. It employs a differentiated roller structure to solve the congestion problem of vertical devices (such as CN120677920 A (a vertical corn stalk leaf and ear removal device)), while also considering wear resistance, low-temperature adaptability, and expansion into potential lodging scenarios, significantly improving operational efficiency, adaptability, and practicality, and solving the core pain points of existing technologies.

[0059] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0060] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A spring-driven adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device, characterized in that, It includes six pairs of peeling rollers, each pair consisting of symmetrically arranged active and driven rollers. The corresponding active and driven rollers are driven by a transmission system to achieve synchronous and opposite rotation. The rollers in the six pairs of peeling rollers are, in sequence along the conveying direction of vertical corn harvesting, an introductory roller, a first positive thread peeling roller, a first deep peeling roller, a second positive thread peeling roller, a second deep peeling roller, and a third positive thread peeling roller. Each roller has a multi-layer composite roller structure. From the inside to the outside, the roller has a connecting shaft, a first support layer, a spring layer, and a second support layer. The two ends of the connecting shaft in the middle are supported on the frame to realize the assembly of the roller with the harvesting machinery and the power transmission. The first support layer is connected to the outer periphery of the connecting shaft, and the spring layer is encapsulated between the first support layer and the second support layer. The outer periphery of the second support layer of the introduction roller is provided with a first wear-resistant layer, and a plurality of convex introduction rubber rings are provided at equal intervals along the roller body axial direction on the outer surface of the first wear-resistant layer; the first deep peeling roller has the same structure as the second deep peeling roller, and the outer periphery of the second support layer of each deep peeling roller is provided with a second wear-resistant layer, and a plurality of convex deep peeling rubber rings are provided at equal intervals along the roller body axial direction on the outer surface of the second wear-resistant layer; the distance between two adjacent convex introduction rubber rings is greater than the distance between two adjacent convex deep peeling rubber rings; The first positive thread peeling roller, the second positive thread peeling roller, and the third positive thread peeling roller have the same structure, and each positive thread peeling roller has a single-headed metal positive thread on the outer peripheral wall of the second support layer. The rotation directions of the inlet roller, the first positive thread peeling roller, the first deep peeling roller, the second positive thread peeling roller, the second deep peeling roller, and the third positive thread peeling roller are consistent, and the thread direction of the single-headed metal positive thread on each positive thread peeling roller is consistent with the forward direction of the corn cob.

2. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second support layers are made of stainless steel, carbon steel, or aluminum alloy; both the first and second wear-resistant layers are made of polyurethane.

3. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring layer consists of elastic elements evenly arranged along the axial and circumferential directions of the roller body.

4. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The convex rubber ring and the first wear-resistant layer are integrally formed. The longitudinal section of the convex rubber ring is semi-circular, and the end of the convex rubber ring away from the first wear-resistant layer is an arc transition structure. The convex height of the convex rubber ring is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex rubber rings is 15mm.

5. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The convex deep peeling rubber ring and the second wear-resistant layer are integrally formed. The longitudinal section of the convex deep peeling rubber ring is trapezoidal, and the end of the convex deep peeling rubber ring away from the second wear-resistant layer is a planar structure. The convex height of the convex deep peeling rubber ring is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex deep peeling rubber rings is 11mm.

6. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of a single-start metal positive thread is 60-80mm, and the tooth profile is triangular.

7. A spring-driven adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The thread tip diameter in the middle region of the positive thread peeling roller is smaller than that at both ends, forming a gradually narrowing structure in the middle, and the gradually narrowing transition section of the roller body adopts a smooth arc surface transition.

8. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corresponding layers of the connecting shaft, the first support layer, the spring layer, the second support layer, and the wear-resistant layer in the roller body are all fixed by mechanical interlocking.

9. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the roller are equipped with axial locking structures to ensure the coaxiality of each layer and to limit the movement of each layer in the axial direction; both ends of the connecting shaft are rotatably mounted on the frame, and the mating parts of the connecting shaft and the frame are equipped with grease filling ports and seals.

10. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A straw-corn subsequent separation device is located in front of the third positive thread peeling roller.

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