Collecting and processing device for falling sugarcane leaves in field

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a field falling sugarcane leaf collecting and processing device which comprises a processing box provided with a collecting cavity; the suction assembly comprises an adsorption tank, a conveying cylinder, a buffer mechanism and a negative pressure mechanism; the separation assembly comprises a cyclone separation mechanism, a vibration separation mechanism, an energy absorption mechanism and a cleaning mechanism; and the compression assembly comprises a spraying mechanism, a hydraulic compression mechanism and a discharging mechanism. According to the sugarcane leaf collecting and packaging device, full-process automation and integrated operation from field collecting to processing and packaging of sugarcane leaves is achieved, the energy absorption mechanism can store vibration energy and is used for cleaning the vibration separation mechanism, reasonable utilization of energy and self-maintenance of components are achieved, and the sugarcane leaf collecting and processing efficiency and quality are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a device for collecting and processing fallen sugarcane leaves in the field. Background Technology

[0002] Under the backdrop of strict fire control and prohibition, bundling sugarcane leaves (tail tips) and removing them from the field for resource utilization is the primary treatment method. Currently, sugarcane harvesters shred the leaves (tail tips) and spray them onto the field during harvesting. The length of the shredded leaves (tail tips) after falling to the ground is within 15-30cm. Existing sugarcane leaf balers cannot perform efficient secondary baling operations, with a recovery efficiency of only 40%-60%. For newly planted sugarcane, the leaves (tail tips) can be completely returned to the field through plowing and deep tillage. However, for ratooned sugarcane, the ridge depth is insufficient to return less than half of the leaves (tail tips) to the field, with the remaining leaves (tail tips) accumulating on the ridges, significantly affecting the emergence of ratooned sugarcane seedlings. To fully utilize the sugarcane leaf (tail tip) resources, some technical solutions propose using suction or blowing devices to receive the leaves separated and blown out by the harvester and to bundle them tightly. However, this cannot recover naturally fallen leaves in the field and increases the overall weight of the machine, failure rate, and fuel consumption, reducing field operation efficiency.

[0003] Traditional manual or mechanical collection methods are difficult to effectively separate the soil and gravel attached to sugarcane leaves, resulting in a lot of impurities in the collected material and low subsequent utilization value. Secondly, the vibration caused by the intake of impurities can easily affect the stability and lifespan of the equipment. Furthermore, the collected sugarcane leaves are bulky and have high storage and transportation costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a field sugarcane leaf collection and processing device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A device for collecting and processing fallen sugarcane leaves in the field, comprising: A processing box, wherein the processing box is provided with a collection chamber; The suction assembly includes an adsorption tank, a conveying cylinder, and a negative pressure mechanism. The conveying cylinder is used to connect the adsorption tank and the processing box to each other. The negative pressure mechanism is used to generate negative pressure inside the suction mechanism to suck the sugarcane leaves into the collection chamber. The separation assembly includes a cyclone separation mechanism, a vibration separation mechanism, an energy absorption mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism. The cyclone separation mechanism is used to separate sugarcane leaves and soil clods, the vibration separation mechanism is used to separate sugarcane leaves and gravel, the energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb and store the energy generated by the vibration of the vibration separation mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism is used to clean the vibration separation mechanism using the energy stored in the energy absorption mechanism. The compression assembly includes a spraying mechanism, a hydraulic compression mechanism, and a unloading mechanism. The spraying mechanism is used to spray water onto the sugarcane leaves in the collection chamber to humidify them. The hydraulic compression mechanism is used to compress the humidified sugarcane leaves. The unloading mechanism is used to unload the compressed sugarcane leaf bale.

[0006] Preferably, the negative pressure mechanism includes a negative pressure fan, which is disposed in the collection chamber and is used to generate negative pressure inside the conveying cylinder to draw sugarcane leaves into the collection chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the cyclone separation mechanism includes a cyclone separator dust collector, which is disposed at the connection between the adsorption tank and the conveying cylinder, and is used to separate sugarcane leaves and soil clods.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration separation mechanism includes a vibration motor, a fixed cylinder, a movable frame, and metal screen plates. The fixed cylinder is connected to the conveying cylinder, the vibration motor is disposed on the movable frame, and the vibration motor is used to drive the movable frame to vibrate. The movable frame is provided with a plurality of metal screen plates, and the bottom of the fixed cylinder is provided with a discharge port, which is used to discharge the impurities screened out by the metal screen plates.

[0009] Preferably, the energy absorption mechanism includes a piston rod, a piston cylinder, a return spring, and a gas storage tank. The piston rod is connected to the movable frame and movably connected to the piston cylinder. One end of the piston cylinder is connected to the fixed cylinder. The two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the piston cylinder and the movable frame. The piston cylinder is connected to the gas storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a pressure relief valve, a mounting frame, and high-pressure nozzles. The pressure relief valve is connected to the outlet of the air storage tank, and the pressure relief valve is connected to the air inlet of the mounting frame via a pipe. The mounting frame is equipped with a plurality of the high-pressure nozzles, and the mounting frame is installed at the outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the spraying mechanism includes a clean water tank, a high-pressure plunger pump, and spray nozzles. Several spray nozzles are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the collection chamber. The high-pressure plunger pump is used to input water from the clean water tank into the spray nozzles.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic compression mechanism includes a metal pressure plate and a hydraulic system, the hydraulic system being disposed at the top of the collecting chamber, and the hydraulic system being used to drive the metal pressure plate to move along the collecting chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the unloading mechanism includes a motor drive structure and a base plate, the base plate being disposed at the bottom of the collecting chamber, and the motor drive structure being used to control the opening and closing of the base plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This application realizes the full-process automation and integrated operation of sugarcane leaves from field collection to processing and packaging. The separation component can efficiently separate sugarcane leaves from soil clods, gravel and other impurities through cyclone separation and vibration separation mechanisms. The energy absorption mechanism can store vibration energy and use it to clean the vibration separation mechanism, realizing the rational use of energy and self-maintenance of components. The spray mechanism of the compression component first sprays water to humidify the sugarcane leaves, then compresses them through the hydraulic compression mechanism, and finally unloads them through the unloading mechanism. The whole process is compact and orderly, effectively improving the efficiency and quality of sugarcane leaf collection and processing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 (A cross-section of the processing box is shown.) Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions and structures of the fixed cylinder, piston cylinder, air tank, and pressure relief valve of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the fixing cylinder, mounting frame and high-pressure nozzle of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the vibration motor and the moving frame of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the movable frame and the metal sieve plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the piston rod, piston cylinder and return spring of the present invention (the piston cylinder is shown in cross section).

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Processing box, 2. Collection chamber, 3. Adsorption tank, 4. Conveying cylinder, 5. Negative pressure fan, 6. Cyclone dust collector, 7. Vibration motor, 8. Fixed cylinder, 9. Moving frame, 10. Metal screen plate, 11. Piston rod, 12. Piston cylinder, 13. Return spring, 14. Air tank, 15. Pressure relief valve, 16. Mounting frame, 17. High-pressure nozzle, 18. Clean water tank, 19. High-pressure plunger pump, 20. Spray nozzle, 21. Metal pressure plate, 22. Hydraulic system, 23. Motor drive structure, 24. Base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: A device for collecting and processing fallen sugarcane leaves in the field, as shown in the instruction manual. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: The processing box 1 is equipped with a collection chamber 2, which is used to store and process the collected sugarcane leaves.

[0019] The suction assembly includes an adsorption tank 3, a conveying cylinder 4, and a negative pressure mechanism. The adsorption tank 3 is approximately 2.0 m wide and 0.4 m deep, and its lower end is adjustable from the ground by 10 to 20 cm. A flexible brush curtain is installed around the front end of the suction tank, and its lower edge sweeps the ground to prevent air leakage. The conveying cylinder 4 is used to connect the adsorption tank 3 and the processing box 1. The negative pressure mechanism is used to generate negative pressure inside the suction assembly to draw the sugarcane leaves into the collection chamber 2.

[0020] The separation assembly includes a cyclone separation mechanism, a vibration separation mechanism, an energy absorption mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism. The cyclone separation mechanism is used to separate sugarcane leaves and soil clods, the vibration separation mechanism is used to separate sugarcane leaves and gravel, the energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb and store the energy generated by the vibration of the vibration separation mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism is used to clean the vibration separation mechanism using the energy stored in the energy absorption mechanism.

[0021] The compression assembly includes a spraying mechanism, a hydraulic compression mechanism, and a unloading mechanism. The spraying mechanism is used to spray water onto the sugarcane leaves in the collection chamber 2 to humidify them. The hydraulic compression mechanism is used to compress the humidified sugarcane leaves. The unloading mechanism is used to unload the compressed sugarcane leaf bale.

[0022] The negative pressure mechanism includes a negative pressure fan 5, the suction end of which is located inside the collection chamber 2. The negative pressure fan 5 generates negative pressure inside the conveying cylinder 4 to draw sugarcane leaves into the collection chamber 2. In this embodiment, the negative pressure fan 5 is a centrifugal fan with a flow rate of approximately 28,000 m³ / h and a negative pressure of approximately -3.0 kPa. This fan can generate an airflow velocity of approximately 8 m / s at the suction chute when the tractor's forward speed is approximately 2.5 m / s.

[0023] The cyclone separation mechanism includes a cyclone separator dust collector 6, which is located at the connection between the adsorption tank 3 and the conveying cylinder 4. The cyclone separator dust collector 6 is used to separate sugarcane leaves and soil clods. The dust-laden airflow enters from the side wall of the conveying cylinder 4 and generates vortex motion in the cyclone separator dust collector 6, causing particles and heavy impurities such as soil and stones to be thrown out to the outer wall and settle to the outlet of the cyclone separator dust collector 6, thereby initially removing soil clods.

[0024] The vibration separation mechanism includes a vibration motor 7, a fixed cylinder 8, a movable frame 9, and metal screen plates 10. The fixed cylinder 8 is connected to the conveying cylinder 4. The vibration motor 7 is installed on the movable frame 9 and is used to drive the movable frame 9 to vibrate. In this embodiment, the vibration frequency of the vibration motor 7 can be adjusted between 1000 and 2000 rpm. The movable frame 9 is provided with several metal screen plates 10. The bottom of the fixed cylinder 8 is provided with a discharge port, which is used to discharge the impurities screened out by the metal screen plates 10. In this embodiment, the aperture of the metal screen plate 10 is about 1.5 cm, which can be adjusted within the range of 1.2 to 1.8 cm according to the actual situation. The metal screen plate 10 is tilted at about 25°, and the angle is adjustable between 15° and 35° to facilitate material flow and screen surface self-sweeping. The sugarcane leaves blown in are forced to move through the metal screen plates 10. Large debris and stones are intercepted by the screen and fall down the screen surface to the discharge port.

[0025] The energy absorption mechanism includes a piston rod 11, a piston cylinder 12, a return spring 13, and a gas storage tank 14. The piston rod 11 is connected to the movable frame 9 via a ball joint and is movably connected to the piston cylinder 12. One end of the piston cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder 8. The two ends of the return spring 13 are connected to the piston cylinder 12 and the movable frame 9, respectively. The return spring 13 serves two purposes: firstly, it drives the piston rod 11 to return to its original position; secondly, it reduces the impact of vibration on the fixed cylinder 8. The piston cylinder 12 is connected to the gas storage tank 14. The gas storage tank 14 is connected to the piston cylinder 12 and is used to store the gas energy generated by the piston cylinder 12 during compression. When the movable frame 9 in the vibration separation mechanism vibrates under the drive of the vibration motor 7, the piston rod 11 connected to the movable frame 9 will reciprocate within the piston cylinder 12. During the compression process of the piston rod 11 into the piston cylinder 12, the air inside the piston cylinder 12 is compressed, generating a certain pressure. This pressure energy is stored in the gas storage tank 14 through a connecting pipe. When the piston rod 11 is reset outward under the action of the return spring 13, a negative pressure is formed inside the piston cylinder 12 and air is drawn in. Through this ingenious design, the energy absorption mechanism effectively absorbs and stores the energy generated by the vibration separation mechanism. This not only reduces the impact and damage of vibration on the overall structure of the device and extends the service life of the device, but also provides power support for the subsequent cleaning mechanism, realizing the recycling of energy and improving the energy utilization efficiency and overall performance of the device.

[0026] The cleaning mechanism includes a pressure relief valve 15, a mounting frame 16, and high-pressure nozzles 17. The pressure relief valve 15 is connected to the outlet of the gas storage tank 14. The mounting frame 16 has an airflow channel inside, and the pressure relief valve 15 is connected to the air inlet of the mounting frame 16 via a pipe. Several air outlets of the mounting frame 16 are equipped with high-pressure nozzles 17, and the mounting frame 16 is installed at the outlet. The spray direction of the high-pressure nozzles 17 is directly facing the metal screen plate 10 at the bottom. When the gas storage tank 14 in the energy absorption mechanism stores a certain amount of compressed gas energy, and the pressure relief valve 15 opens when the opening value is reached, the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank 14 will quickly enter the mounting frame 16 through the pipe and be sprayed out at high speed from each high-pressure nozzle 17. These high-pressure airflows can powerfully wash away residual gravel and other impurities on the surface of the metal screen plate 10 and near the outlet, blowing off the dirt and fine particles attached to it, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning.

[0027] The spraying mechanism includes a clean water tank 18, a high-pressure plunger pump 19, and spray nozzles 20. Several spray nozzles 20 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the collection chamber 2. The high-pressure plunger pump 19 pumps water from the clean water tank 18 into the spray nozzles 20 through pipes. The spray nozzles 20 are retractable. The clean water tank 18 stores cleaning water and is mounted on the tractor. The high-pressure plunger pump 19 has a strong pressure output capability, enabling it to deliver water from the clean water tank 18 to the spray nozzles 20 at high pressure. The multiple spray nozzles 20 arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the collection chamber 2 ensure that the sugarcane leaves receive water mist from all directions after entering the collection chamber 2. This uniform humidification method not only facilitates subsequent compression processing, making the sugarcane leaves easier to compress, but also reduces dust generated during compression, improving the working environment.

[0028] The hydraulic compression mechanism includes a metal pressure plate 21 and a hydraulic system 22. The hydraulic system 22 is located at the top of the collection chamber 2. The hydraulic system 22 is used to drive the metal pressure plate 21 to move along the collection chamber 2. The hydraulic pump serves as a power source and can convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy to provide stable pressure oil for the entire hydraulic system 22.

[0029] The unloading mechanism includes a motor drive structure 23 and a base plate 24. The base plate 24 is located at the bottom of the collection chamber 2. The motor drive structure 23 is used to control the opening and closing of the base plate 24 to discharge the compressed sugarcane leaf bales.

[0030] Working principle: Before the field sugarcane leaf collection and processing device starts working, it is towed to the back of the tractor by a trailer. When the field sugarcane leaf collection and processing device is working, the negative pressure mechanism is first activated. The negative pressure fan 5 generates negative pressure inside the conveying cylinder 4, which causes the sugarcane leaves near the adsorption tank 3 to be sucked into the conveying cylinder 4 under the action of negative pressure, and then enters the collection chamber 2 of the processing box 1.

[0031] When the sugarcane leaves enter the processing chamber 1, the separation assembly begins to operate. The cyclone separator 6 separates the sugarcane leaves and soil clods at the connection between the adsorption tank 3 and the conveying cylinder 4, removing heavier impurities such as soil clods. Next, the vibration separation mechanism starts, with the vibration motor 7 driving the moving frame 9. The metal screen plate 10 on the moving frame 9 separates the sugarcane leaves and gravel; the gravel is discharged through the outlet, while the sugarcane leaves remain in the collection chamber 2. During this process, the energy absorption mechanism operates synchronously. The piston rod 11 moves with the moving frame 9, reciprocating within the piston cylinder 12. The return spring 13 resets the piston rod 11, at which point the gas is transported to the gas storage tank 14 for storage.

[0032] When the pressure relief valve 15 reaches its opening value, the pressure relief valve 15 opens, and the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank 14 enters the mounting frame 16 through the pipeline and is sprayed out from the high-pressure nozzle 17 to clean the metal screen plate 10 and remove the impurities attached to it.

[0033] When the sugarcane leaves in the collection chamber 2 need to be compressed, the high-pressure plunger pump 19 of the spray mechanism inputs water from the water tank 18 into the spray nozzles 20. Several spray nozzles 20 spray water onto the sugarcane leaves in the collection chamber 2 to moisten them. Then, the hydraulic system 22 of the hydraulic compression mechanism drives the metal pressure plate 21 to move downward along the collection chamber 2 to compress the moistened sugarcane leaves. In this embodiment, the compression process is divided into three stages: first, pre-compression (low pressure and slow downward pressure) is performed to compact the sugarcane leaf pile at a low amplitude; second, it slightly retracts a distance to release the internal stress of the sugarcane leaves; finally, the main pressure (high pressure) is applied to further expel the remaining voids, achieving final compression and reducing its volume.

[0034] Finally, when unloading is required, the unloading mechanism is activated, the motor drive structure 23 controls the bottom plate 24 to open, and the compressed sugarcane leaf bales are unloaded from the bottom of the collection chamber 2.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and processing fallen sugarcane leaves in the field, characterized in that, include: A processing box, wherein the processing box is provided with a collection chamber; The suction assembly includes an adsorption tank, a conveying cylinder, and a negative pressure mechanism. The conveying cylinder is used to connect the adsorption tank and the processing box to each other. The negative pressure mechanism is used to generate negative pressure inside the suction mechanism to suck the sugarcane leaves into the collection chamber. The separation assembly includes a cyclone separation mechanism, a vibration separation mechanism, an energy absorption mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism. The cyclone separation mechanism is used to separate sugarcane leaves and soil clods, the vibration separation mechanism is used to separate sugarcane leaves and gravel, the energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb and store the energy generated by the vibration of the vibration separation mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism is used to clean the vibration separation mechanism using the energy stored in the energy absorption mechanism. The compression assembly includes a spraying mechanism, a hydraulic compression mechanism, and a unloading mechanism. The spraying mechanism is used to spray water onto the sugarcane leaves in the collection chamber to humidify them. The hydraulic compression mechanism is used to compress the humidified sugarcane leaves. The unloading mechanism is used to unload the compressed sugarcane leaf bale.

2. The field-fallen sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure mechanism includes a negative pressure fan, which is disposed in the collection chamber. The negative pressure fan is used to generate negative pressure inside the conveying cylinder to draw sugarcane leaves into the collection chamber.

3. The field-fallen sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separation mechanism includes a cyclone separator dust collector, which is located at the connection between the adsorption tank and the conveying cylinder. The cyclone separator dust collector is used to separate sugarcane leaves and soil clods.

4. The field-fallen sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration separation mechanism includes a vibration motor, a fixed cylinder, a movable frame, and metal screen plates. The fixed cylinder is connected to the conveying cylinder. The vibration motor is installed on the movable frame and is used to drive the movable frame to vibrate. The movable frame is provided with a plurality of metal screen plates. The bottom of the fixed cylinder is provided with a discharge port, which is used to discharge the impurities screened out by the metal screen plates.

5. The field-fallen sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy absorption mechanism includes a piston rod, a piston cylinder, a return spring, and a gas storage tank. The piston rod is connected to the movable frame and movably connected to the piston cylinder. One end of the piston cylinder is connected to the fixed cylinder. The two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the piston cylinder and the movable frame. The piston cylinder is connected to the gas storage tank.

6. The field-fallen sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes a pressure relief valve, a mounting frame, and high-pressure nozzles. The pressure relief valve is connected to the outlet of the air storage tank and is connected to the air inlet of the mounting frame via a pipe. The mounting frame is equipped with several high-pressure nozzles and is installed at the outlet.

7. The field sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism includes a clean water tank, a high-pressure plunger pump, and spray nozzles. Several spray nozzles are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the collection chamber. The high-pressure plunger pump is used to input water from the clean water tank into the spray nozzles.

8. The field sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic compression mechanism includes a metal pressure plate and a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is located at the top of the collection chamber and is used to drive the metal pressure plate to move along the collection chamber.

9. A field-borne sugarcane leaf collection and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism includes a motor drive structure and a base plate. The base plate is located at the bottom of the collection chamber, and the motor drive structure is used to control the opening and closing of the base plate.

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