Farmland irrigation and drainage system device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a farmland irrigation and flood drainage system device and method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural water conservancy. The device aims to solve the problems that farmland is prone to waterlogging and drought, and a traditional irrigation mode is low in efficiency. According to the technical scheme, the system comprises a long-distance large-diameter water conveying pipeline, a flood drainage pipeline communicated with the long-distance large-diameter water conveying pipeline, a flood drainage opening well arranged in a farmland and communicated with the flood drainage pipeline, an irrigation pipe network buried underground and an irrigation water supply system arranged in the flood drainage opening well. During flood, surface water is converged into the flood drainage pipeline through the flood drainage port well and finally drained into the long-distance large-caliber water conveying pipeline; in drought, the irrigation water supply system takes water from the long-distance large-diameter water delivery pipeline into the flood discharge port well, and then the water is pressurized by the water pump and delivered to the underground irrigation pipe network to irrigate roots of crops. The device integrates drainage and irrigation, achieves the purposes of keeping harvest after drought or waterlogging, saving water and energy, saving time and labor and achieving automatic operation, and has the functions of improving saline-alkali soil, integrally applying water and fertilizer and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a farmland irrigation and drainage system device and method, belonging to the field of agricultural water conservancy technology. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, water resource management is crucial. On the one hand, during the rainy season or in the event of continuous heavy rainfall, farmland is prone to waterlogging. If drainage is inadequate, crops can be submerged, leading to waterlogging disasters that severely impact crop growth and yields. Existing drainage systems often have limited capacity to cope with extreme weather conditions.

[0003] On the other hand, during the dry season, farmland requires a large amount of irrigation water. Currently used methods such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, or flood irrigation have many drawbacks: for example, drip and sprinkler irrigation require laying a large number of pipelines on the ground, which are easily damaged by agricultural machinery and have high maintenance costs; flood irrigation wastes water resources and is inefficient. These traditional irrigation methods require farmers to invest a lot of physical labor, are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and pose a great challenge to farmers' health, especially in hot and cold weather.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a farmland water conservancy system that can effectively prevent floods and drain water, and also achieve efficient, water-saving, and automated irrigation is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the current agricultural field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a farmland irrigation and drainage system device and method, which aims to solve the problems of insufficient drainage capacity, backward irrigation methods, high labor intensity and waste of water resources in existing farmland water conservancy facilities, and realize modern agricultural production that is guaranteed against drought and flood.

[0006] The farmland irrigation and drainage system device of the present invention includes: A long-distance, large-diameter water transmission pipeline; A flood discharge well is located in a farmland area; An underground irrigation network; The system has switchable drainage and irrigation modes; In the drainage mode, a first fluid passage is established to discharge farmland surface runoff into the long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipeline via the drainage outlet well. In the irrigation mode, a second fluid passage is established, which draws water from the long-distance large-diameter water pipeline, transfers it through the flood discharge well, and finally pumps it to the underground irrigation network.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the drainage outlet well is provided with an openable and closable drainage outlet cover; the establishment of the first fluid passage includes: opening the drainage outlet cover by a hydraulic lifting device to form an inlet for surface runoff.

[0008] Furthermore, the establishment of the second fluid passage includes the following steps: Start the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pump to pump water from the long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipeline into the flood discharge well; In addition, the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water main pipeline pump installed in the flood discharge well is started to pump the water in the well to the underground irrigation network.

[0009] Furthermore, an electrically controlled pressure regulating valve is installed between the main irrigation and alkali-suppressing water pump and the main irrigation and alkali-suppressing pipeline to regulate the water pressure delivered to the underground irrigation network.

[0010] Furthermore, the underground irrigation network includes at least one of the following branch pipes: The branch pipe for crop irrigation has upward-facing water outlet holes on its pipe wall; The branch pipe for saline-alkali land is equipped with downward-facing water outlet holes on its pipe wall.

[0011] Furthermore, a mud sedimentation tank is provided at the bottom of the flood discharge well, and a mud pump is also provided inside the flood discharge well. The inlet of the mud pump is located in the mud sedimentation tank, and its outlet is connected to the outside through a sludge discharge pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the irrigation water supply system also includes an automatic control circuit, which includes a time switch and an AC contactor. The time switch is used to control the on / off state of the AC contactor coil according to a preset time. The main contacts of the AC contactor are connected in series in the circuit that supplies power to the irrigation and alkali-pressure inlet water pump or the irrigation and alkali-pressure outlet water pump.

[0013] A method for regulating a farmland irrigation and drainage system includes the following steps: a) Activate drainage mode: When drainage is required, open the drainage outlet cover of the drainage outlet well to establish the first fluid passage, so that the surface runoff of farmland can be discharged into the long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipeline through the drainage outlet well. b) Start irrigation mode: When irrigation is needed, close the flood discharge outlet cover, establish the second fluid passage, draw water from the long-distance large-diameter water transmission pipeline to the flood discharge outlet well for storage, and then pressurize the water and pump it to the underground irrigation network for irrigation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Functional integration, drought and flood protection: It organically combines a high-flow drainage system with a precision irrigation system. During floods, it can quickly drain water from farmland through large-diameter pipes, and during droughts, it can use the same pipes as a water source for underground irrigation, effectively protecting the growing environment of crops.

[0015] Water-saving and energy-efficient, precise and efficient: The underground pipe network directly supplies water to the roots of crops, avoiding surface evaporation and runoff loss, and greatly improving water use efficiency; the automated control system can supply water on a timed and quantitative basis, saving electricity and labor costs.

[0016] Soil improvement and multi-purpose machine: By setting up branch pipes with downward water outlets, it can be used for leaching and de-alkaliing of saline-alkali land to improve the soil; during irrigation, fertilizer can also be mixed into the flood discharge well to achieve integrated water and fertilizer management and meet the needs of crops at different growth stages.

[0017] Reliable structure and easy maintenance: The drainage outlet well is equipped with a debris barrier and a mud sedimentation and cleaning system, which effectively prevents pipe blockage and ensures the long-term stable operation of the system; the underground pipe network avoids damage to agricultural machinery.

[0018] High degree of automation, reducing labor intensity: Irrigation is automatically controlled through electrical components such as time switches, freeing farmers from heavy physical labor and improving the modernization level of agricultural production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is one of the right views of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams of other structural angles of embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the second right view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Full sectional view at point AA; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a flood drainage pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a circuit control diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; In the picture: 1. Long-distance, large-diameter water transmission pipelines; 2. Flood drainage pipes; 3. Flood drainage branch pipes; 4. Drainage pipe valves; 5. Irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pipes; 6. Irrigation and descaling water inlet pipe pump; 7. Drainage outlet well; 7.1 Drainage outlet cover; 7.2 Hydraulic jacking device; 7.3 Debris barrier net; 7.4 Mud sedimentation tank; 8. Irrigation and alkali-suppressing effluent main pipeline water pump; 9. Irrigation and alkali suppression main pipelines; 10. Electrically controlled pressure regulating valve; 11. Irrigation branch pipes for crops; 12. Pressing down saline-alkali branch pipes on saline-alkali land; 13. Mud pump; 14. Sludge discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 10 The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to a specific embodiment.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this invention provides a farmland water conservancy system that integrates both irrigation and drainage functions. The system is as follows... Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this invention provides a farmland water conservancy system that integrates both irrigation and drainage functions. The core of this system is a flood discharge well 7, which serves as a multi-functional node. Through coordinated control of this well and its associated components, flexible switching between the two functional modes is achieved.

[0022] In this embodiment, the long-distance large-diameter water transmission pipeline 1 is a reinforced concrete main pipeline laid along the regional plan, with one end connected to a large water source and the other end leading to a drainage outlet such as a estuary. In farmland areas, a flood drainage pipeline 2 with a diameter of 2-3 meters is laid parallel every 1 kilometer. This pipeline is connected to the long-distance large-diameter water transmission pipeline 1 through a drainage pipeline valve 4 connected by a flange.

[0023] I. System Structure and Connections Structure of Drainage Outlet Well 7: The flood discharge well 7 is a reinforced concrete cylindrical well body cast on site, with an inner diameter of 3 meters and a depth of 4 meters. It is buried in the farmland, and the well opening is flush with the ground. One end of the flood drainage pipe 2 is firmly connected to the middle of the well wall of the flood discharge well 7 through a pre-embedded interface.

[0024] The top of the drainage outlet well 7 is equipped with an openable and closable circular steel drainage outlet cover 7.1. Three sets of hydraulic lifting devices 7.2 are evenly distributed and fixed on the inner side of the well wall. The top of their piston rods is hinged to the lower surface of the drainage outlet cover 7.1 to control the opening and closing of the cover. Directly below the drainage outlet cover 7.1, a debris barrier net 7.3 is fixed.

[0025] The bottom of the flood discharge well 7 is designed as a cone-shaped mud sedimentation tank 7.4 with a depth of 0.5 meters, and is equipped with a mud pump 13 and a sludge discharge pipe 14 for regularly cleaning up the mud and sand brought in during flood drainage.

[0026] Structure of irrigation water supply system and underground irrigation pipe network: A complete irrigation water supply system is set up inside and around the flood discharge well 7. The system includes an irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pipe 5 and an irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pump 6, which draw water from a long-distance large-diameter water transmission pipeline 1; an irrigation and alkali-suppressing water outlet main pipeline pump 8 installed inside the flood discharge well 7; and an irrigation and alkali-suppressing main pipeline 9 connecting the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water outlet main pipeline pump 8 to the underground irrigation network. An electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 10 is also installed on the irrigation and alkali-suppressing main pipeline 9.

[0027] The underground irrigation network is buried in the topsoil of farmland, including multiple crop irrigation branch pipes 11 (with upward-facing outlet holes) branching from the main irrigation and alkali suppression pipe 9, and saline-alkali land alkali suppression branch pipes 12 (with downward-facing outlet holes).

[0028] II. System Dual-Mode Control and Fluid Path The core of this invention lies in the fact that, through the coordinated control of the drainage well 7 and its internal and external components, the system can flexibly switch between drainage mode and irrigation mode, thereby establishing two fluid pathways with completely different functions.

[0029] In the drainage mode, the system establishes a primary fluid pathway for the efficient discharge of farmland surface runoff. The specific path of this primary fluid pathway is as follows: farmland surface → open drainage outlet cover 7.1 → drainage outlet well 7 → flood drainage pipe 2 → flood drainage branch pipe 3 → long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipe 1 → final drainage outlet.

[0030] In irrigation mode, the system establishes a second fluid pathway to extract water from the long-distance, large-diameter water conveyance pipeline 1, transfer it through the flood discharge well 7, and then precisely deliver it to the crop roots. The specific path of this second fluid pathway is as follows: long-distance, large-diameter water conveyance pipeline 1 → irrigation and alkali suppression inlet pipe 5 → flood discharge well 7 as a temporary water storage and transfer hub → irrigation and alkali suppression main outlet pipeline pump 8 → irrigation and alkali suppression main pipeline 9 → underground irrigation network.

[0031] III. System Control Methods and Workflow The control method described in this invention specifically includes the following steps: a) Activate drainage mode: When drainage is needed, such as during continuous rainfall when the water depth in farmland reaches the warning level, the drainage mode is activated. The operator on the ground control cabinet presses the start button, or the hydraulic station is automatically activated by the water level sensor. The hydraulic station supplies oil to the hydraulic cylinders of each hydraulic lifting device 7.2, smoothly lifting the flood discharge outlet cover 7.1 to a position 300 mm above the ground, thereby opening the inlet for surface runoff.

[0032] At this point, the first fluid passage is successfully established. Surface floodwater, filtered by the debris barrier net 7.3, flows into the flood discharge well 7 through the open inlet, then merges into the long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipeline 1 via the flood drainage pipe 2, and finally discharges into the sea, completing the flood drainage operation. After the flood recedes, the hydraulic station is operated in reverse to reset and close the flood discharge outlet cover 7.1.

[0033] b) Activate irrigation mode: When irrigation is needed, such as during the dry season, activate the irrigation mode. First, ensure that the drain cover 7.1 is closed, then establish a second fluid passage.

[0034] The process consists of two steps: First, the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pump 6 is started to pump water from the long-distance, large-diameter water pipeline 1 into the flood discharge well 7 for storage. When the liquid level sensor (not shown in the figure) in the well detects that the water level has reached the preset height, the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pump 6 automatically stops. At this time, fertilizer can be dissolved in the well as needed to achieve integrated water and fertilizer management.

[0035] Then, start the main water pump 8 in the well for irrigation and alkali-suppressing water discharge. Figure 10 The automatic control circuit shown can be powered by an AC contactor activated by a timer switch according to a preset time, supplying power to the main irrigation and alkali-suppressing water pump 8. The main irrigation and alkali-suppressing water pump 8 draws water (or fertilizer solution) from the well, adjusts it to a suitable pressure (e.g., 0.2 MPa) via an electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 10, and then precisely irrigates crops or suppresses alkali in saline-alkali land through the crop irrigation branch pipe 11 (with upward-facing outlet) or the saline-alkali land alkali-suppressing branch pipe 12 (with downward-facing outlet) in the underground irrigation network. After the set irrigation time ends, the timer switch is deactivated, and the main irrigation and alkali-suppressing water pump 8 automatically stops working, completing one irrigation cycle.

[0036] In summary, this invention cleverly connects the macro-level regional drainage network with the micro-level field irrigation network through an integrated flood discharge well, achieving seamless switching and efficient operation of both drainage and irrigation functions. It has significant practical value and promising prospects for widespread application.

Claims

1. A farmland irrigation and drainage system device, characterized in that, include: A long-distance, large-diameter water transmission pipeline (1); A flood discharge well (7) is located in the farmland area; An underground irrigation network; The system has switchable drainage and irrigation modes; In the drainage mode, a first fluid passage is established to discharge farmland surface runoff into the long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipeline (1) through the drainage outlet well (7); In the irrigation mode, a second fluid passage is established to draw water from the long-distance large-diameter water pipeline (1), transfer it through the flood discharge well (7), and finally pump it to the underground irrigation network.

2. The farmland irrigation and drainage system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the drainage outlet well (7) is provided with an openable and closable drainage outlet cover (7.1); the establishment of the first fluid passage includes: opening the drainage outlet cover (7.1) by a hydraulic lifting device (7.2) to form an inlet for surface runoff.

3. The farmland irrigation and drainage system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of the second fluid passage includes the following steps: Start the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pump (6) to pump water from the long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipeline (1) into the flood discharge well (7); In addition, the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water main pipeline pump (8) installed in the flood discharge well (7) is started to pump the water in the well to the underground irrigation network.

4. The farmland irrigation and drainage system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electrically controlled pressure regulating valve (10) is also installed between the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water main pipeline pump (8) and the irrigation and alkali-suppressing main pipeline (9) to regulate the water pressure delivered to the underground irrigation network.

5. The farmland irrigation and drainage system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underground irrigation network includes at least one of the following branch pipes: The crop irrigation branch pipe (11) has an upward-facing water outlet hole on its pipe wall; The saline-alkali land pressurized saline-alkali branch pipe (12) has a downward-facing water outlet hole on its pipe wall.

6. The farmland irrigation and drainage system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the flood discharge well (7) is also provided with a mud sedimentation tank (7.4), and a mud pump (13) is also provided in the flood discharge well (7). The inlet of the mud pump (13) is located in the mud sedimentation tank (7.4), and its outlet is connected to the outside through the sludge discharge pipe (14).

7. The farmland irrigation and drainage system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation water supply system also includes an automatic control circuit, which includes a time switch and an AC contactor. The time switch is used to control the on / off state of the AC contactor coil according to a preset time. The main contacts of the AC contactor are connected in series in the circuit that supplies power to the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water inlet pump (6) or the irrigation and alkali-suppressing water outlet main pipeline pump (8).

8. A method for regulating a farmland irrigation and drainage system device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a) Activate drainage mode: When drainage is needed, open the drainage outlet cover (7.1) of the drainage outlet well (7) to establish the first fluid passage, so that the surface runoff of farmland can be discharged into the long-distance large-diameter water conveyance pipeline (1) through the drainage outlet well (7). b) Start irrigation mode: When irrigation is needed, close the flood discharge outlet cover (7.1), establish the second fluid passage, draw water from the long-distance large-diameter water pipeline (1) to the flood discharge outlet well (7) for storage, and then pump the water to the underground irrigation network for irrigation.

Images