Abrasive belt tensioning mechanism and abrasive belt polishing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an abrasive belt tensioning mechanism and an abrasive belt grinding device, and relates to the technical field of grinding equipment, the abrasive belt tensioning mechanism comprises a driving tensioning mechanism used for being installed on a supporting unit of the abrasive belt grinding device, and the driving tensioning mechanism is provided with an installation part installed on the supporting unit and located on one side of an abrasive belt; the switching part is movably mounted on the mounting part in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the abrasive belt, a driving tensioning wheel is rotationally mounted on the side, close to the abrasive belt, of the switching part, and a pressure sensor is mounted on the side, away from the abrasive belt, of the switching part; the driving mechanism is installed on the supporting unit, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the pressure sensor; the controller is in electric control connection with the pressure sensor and the driving mechanism, and efficient, high-precision and high-stability dynamic control over the tensioning force of the abrasive belt is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding equipment technology, and in particular to a belt tensioning mechanism and belt grinding device. Background Technology

[0002] Belt sanding, as a highly efficient and flexible surface treatment process, is widely used in many industrial fields such as metal processing, woodworking, composite material processing, deburring, and polishing. The core working component of a belt sanding device is an annular sanding belt supported and driven by a drive wheel, tension wheel, and idler wheel. Maintaining a constant and appropriate tension on the sanding belt during operation is crucial for ensuring sanding quality, equipment operational stability, and the lifespan of the sanding belt.

[0003] Currently, the most common belt tensioning methods used in the industry are manual tensioning and passive tensioning. Manual tensioning suffers from low efficiency, reliance on manual labor, poor tension consistency, inability to provide real-time compensation, and safety hazards. Passive tensioning has limited and delayed compensation capabilities, poor dynamic response, complex initial settings that are prone to drift, and a lack of precise control and feedback. These shortcomings in existing belt tensioning technology directly lead to inconsistent and unreliable grinding quality; increased abnormal belt wear, leading to more frequent replacements and higher consumable costs; unstable equipment operation, high vibration and noise levels, and significant load variations on key components, impacting equipment reliability and lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a belt tensioning mechanism and belt grinding device to solve the problems existing in the prior art and achieve efficient, high-precision and high-stability dynamic control of belt tension.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a belt tensioning mechanism, including an active tensioning mechanism for mounting on a support unit of a belt sanding device, wherein the active tensioning mechanism is provided with: The mounting part is mounted on the support unit and located on one side of the sanding belt; An adapter is movably mounted on the mounting part in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sanding belt. An active tensioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the side of the adapter near the sanding belt, and a pressure sensor is mounted on the side of the adapter away from the sanding belt. A drive mechanism is mounted on the support unit, and the output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the pressure sensor; The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the drive mechanism.

[0006] Optionally, the mounting section is provided with multiple sets of guide mechanisms, the guide mechanisms including: A guide bushing, which is mounted on the mounting portion; A guide shaft is slidably inserted into the guide shaft sleeve and is connected to the adapter.

[0007] Optionally, the drive mechanism is a servo electric cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the pressure sensor.

[0008] Optionally, the mounting portion is located on the side of the adapter portion away from the sanding belt, and the output end of the drive mechanism slides through the mounting portion and is connected to the pressure sensor.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a passive tensioning mechanism for mounting on the support unit, the passive tensioning mechanism having: A passive tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel shaft of which is movably mounted on the support unit in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sanding belt; An elastic component, one end of which is connected to the support unit, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel.

[0010] Optionally, the passive tensioner is equipped with a lifting mechanism, which is connected to the tensioner shaft of the passive tensioner.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting mechanism includes: The first link has one end fixed to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel. The second link has its middle portion hinged to the support unit. One end of the second link is hinged to the end of the first link that is not connected to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel and is movably mounted on the support unit.

[0012] Optionally, one end of the elastic component is connected to the support unit, and the other end is connected to the end position where the second link is hinged to the first link.

[0013] Optionally, the elastic component is equipped with a limiting part, and an adjusting part is movably installed on the limiting part along the direction of movement of the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel. The adjusting part is connected to the end of the elastic component away from the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel.

[0014] A belt sander is also provided, comprising: Support unit, which serves as a load-bearing structure; A drive wheel assembly, which is mounted on the support unit; A grinding wheel assembly is mounted on the support unit and is spaced apart from the drive wheel assembly; At least one auxiliary transmission wheel assembly is mounted on the support unit and located between the drive wheel assembly and the grinding wheel assembly; A sanding belt, which is wrapped around the drive wheel of the drive wheel assembly, the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel assembly, and the auxiliary drive wheel of the auxiliary drive wheel assembly; The belt tensioning mechanism is disposed between the drive wheel assembly and the grinding wheel assembly, and is evenly distributed at intervals with the auxiliary transmission wheel assembly.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The belt tensioning mechanism disclosed in this invention, in application, involves a drive mechanism that displaces the adapter and active tensioning wheel. Since the adapter is movably mounted on the mounting section, it provides stable support during movement. The tension borne by the active tensioning wheel is transmitted to a pressure sensor via the adapter. The pressure sensor monitors the actual tension force in real time and feeds the data back to the controller. The controller, based on a preset algorithm, compares the target value with the measured value and dynamically adjusts the displacement of the drive mechanism's output end to achieve constant tension control. During belt sanding, the pressure sensor continuously detects tension fluctuations. When the measured value deviates from a preset threshold, the controller controls the drive mechanism's output end to perform a compensating displacement, achieving dynamic calibration of the tension force and ensuring stable constant tension operation during belt sanding. This enables efficient, high-precision, and highly stable dynamic control of the belt tension. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of an example of the belt sanding device disclosed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the overall structure of an example of the belt sanding device disclosed in this invention. Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the overall structure of an example of the belt sanding device disclosed in this invention; Figure 4 This is an axonometric view of the overall structure of one example of the active tensioning mechanism disclosed in this invention; Figure 5 This is an axonometric view of the overall structure of one example of the lifting mechanism disclosed in this invention; The components are as follows: 1-base plate, 2-drive wheel, 3-drive wheel bearing seat, 4-drive wheel adapter plate, 5-drive wheel fixing seat, 6-active tensioning mechanism, 7-passive tensioning wheel, 8-auxiliary wheel, 9-grinding wheel fixing seat, 10-grinding wheel adapter plate, 11-grinding wheel bearing seat, 12-grinding wheel, 13-first connecting rod, 14-second connecting rod, 15-elastic component, 16-fixed rotating seat, 17-adjusting nut, 18-limiting part, 19-operating handle, 20-sand belt, 21-active tensioning wheel, 22-active tensioning wheel bearing seat, 23-active tensioning wheel adapter plate, 24-active tensioning wheel fixing seat, 25-guide shaft, 26-pressure sensor, 27-mounting part, 28-servo electric cylinder fixing seat, 29-guide bushing, 30-servo electric cylinder, 31-servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The purpose of this invention is to provide a belt tensioning mechanism and belt grinding device to solve the problems existing in the prior art and achieve efficient, high-precision and high-stability dynamic control of belt tension.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention provides a belt tensioning mechanism that can be applied to various grinding, polishing, and surface treatment systems requiring high-precision belt tension control. It includes an active tensioning mechanism 6 mounted on a support unit of a belt grinding device. The active tensioning mechanism 6 has a mounting part 27, a connecting part, a drive mechanism, and a controller. The mounting part 27 is mounted on the support unit and located on one side of the belt 20. The connecting part is movably mounted on the mounting part 27 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the belt 20. An active tensioning wheel 21 is rotatably mounted on the side of the connecting part closest to the belt 20, and a pressure sensor 26 is mounted on the side of the connecting part away from the belt 20. The drive mechanism is mounted on the support unit, and its output end is connected to the pressure sensor 26. The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 26 and the drive mechanism. The sanding belt tensioning mechanism disclosed in this invention, in application, involves a drive mechanism that displaces the adapter and active tensioning wheel 21. Since the adapter is movably mounted on the mounting part 27, it provides stable support during movement. The tension borne by the active tensioning wheel 21 is transmitted to the pressure sensor 26 via the adapter. The pressure sensor 26 monitors the actual tension force in real time and feeds the data back to the controller. The controller, based on a preset algorithm, compares the target value with the measured value and dynamically adjusts the displacement of the drive mechanism's output end to achieve constant tension control. During the sanding process of the sanding belt 20, the pressure sensor 26 continuously detects tension fluctuations. When the measured value deviates from a preset threshold, the controller controls the output end of the drive mechanism to perform a compensation displacement, achieving dynamic calibration of the tension force and ensuring stable constant tension operation of the sanding belt 20. The electromechanical collaborative control architecture of dynamic tensioning, with its closed-loop control chain hardware connection from the pressure sensor 26 to the controller and then to the drive mechanism, achieves micro-displacement compensation when the tension deviates from the threshold. This enables efficient, precise, and stable dynamic control of the tension of the sanding belt.

[0022] In this embodiment, the adapter includes an active tension wheel bearing housing 22, an active tension wheel adapter plate 23, and an active tension wheel fixing seat 24. The journals at both ends of the active tension wheel 21 are assembled with bearings, which are installed in the active tension wheel bearing housing 22 and sealed by the bearing housing end caps. Both active tension wheel bearing housings 22 are connected to the active tension wheel adapter plate 23 by bolts or the like. The active tension wheel fixing seat 24 is installed on the active tension wheel adapter plate 23 by bolts or the like. The active tension wheel fixing seat 24 and the two active tension wheel bearing housings 22 are respectively located on both sides of the active tension wheel adapter plate 23. The pressure sensor 26 is installed on the active tension wheel fixing seat 24 by bolts or the like.

[0023] To improve the accuracy of the pressure sensor 26 detection, the active tension wheel mounting base 24 is located on the side of the active tension wheel adapter plate 23 opposite to the active tension wheel 21. Furthermore, the pressure sensor 26 is located on the side of the active tension wheel mounting base 24 opposite to the active tension wheel adapter plate 23, and is then connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. Preferably, to facilitate the separation of the pressure sensor 26 from the output end of the drive mechanism, the pressure sensor 26 is threadedly connected to the output end of the drive mechanism.

[0024] In some cases, the pressure sensor 26 can be directly mounted on the active tension wheel adapter plate 23, and the two active tension wheel bearing seats 22 can be respectively set on both sides of the active tension wheel adapter plate 23.

[0025] In one specific embodiment, in order to provide stable support for the adapter during movement, the mounting part 27 is provided with multiple sets of guide mechanisms. The guide mechanisms include guide bushings 29 and guide shafts 25. The guide bushings 29 are mounted on the mounting part 27 and can be connected by bolts or other means to form a detachable connection between the guide bushings 29 and the mounting part 27. The guide shafts 25 are slidably inserted into the guide bushings 29 and are connected to the adapter.

[0026] The main structure of the guide shaft 25 is slidably inserted into the guide shaft sleeve 29, and its end is connected to the adapter by bolts or the like. Each guide shaft 25 is evenly distributed on both sides of the pressure sensor 26 to improve the accuracy of the pressure sensor 26 while ensuring the smooth movement of the adapter.

[0027] In one specific implementation, the drive mechanism adopts a servo electric cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the pressure sensor 26 to realize the precise micro-displacement compensation function for the tension of the sanding belt 20.

[0028] To facilitate the connection between the telescopic rod and the pressure sensor 26, in this embodiment, the end of the telescopic rod of the servo electric cylinder is provided with an external thread, and the center hole of the pressure sensor 26 is provided with an internal thread, so that the end of the telescopic rod can be threadedly connected to the center hole of the pressure sensor 26. In some cases, existing servo electric cylinders can be selected, which include a servo motor 31 and a servo cylinder 30. The output end of the servo motor 31 is connected to the lead screw of the servo cylinder 30 through a synchronous transmission assembly, so that the output torque of the servo motor 31 is transmitted to the lead screw through the synchronous transmission assembly. The lead screw rotates to drive the telescopic rod to perform telescopic action. The synchronous transmission assembly includes a mounting housing, which is equipped with a synchronous transmission wheel and a transmission belt, etc.

[0029] In this embodiment, in order to form a stable integrated structure, the end of the extension rod of the servo cylinder 30 is mounted on the mounting part 27, and the servo cylinder 30 and the mounting part 27 can be detachably connected by bolts or the like.

[0030] Furthermore, the mounting part 27 is located on the side of the adapter part away from the sanding belt 20. The output end of the drive mechanism slides through the mounting part 27 and is connected to the pressure sensor 26. That is, in the embodiment where the drive mechanism uses a servo electric cylinder, the telescopic rod of the servo electric cylinder slides through the mounting part 27. The opening on the mounting part 27 can match the cross-sectional structure of the telescopic rod or be larger than the cross-sectional structure of the telescopic rod to ensure the smooth movement of the telescopic rod. In the embodiment where the guide mechanism includes a guide sleeve 29 and a guide shaft 25, and the guide sleeve 29 is mounted on the mounting part 27, each guide sleeve 29 is evenly distributed on both sides of the telescopic rod.

[0031] In this embodiment, the active tensioning mechanism 6 is also provided with a servo electric cylinder mounting base 28. The servo electric cylinder mounting base 28 is connected to the support unit by bolts or the like. The mounting part 27 and the main structure of the servo electric cylinder are both mounted on the servo electric cylinder mounting base 28 by bolts or the like.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, a passive tensioning mechanism for mounting on a support unit is also included. The passive tensioning mechanism includes a passive tensioning wheel 7 and an elastic component 15. The tensioning wheel shaft of the passive tensioning wheel 7 is movably mounted on the support unit in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sanding belt 20. One end of the elastic component 15 is connected to the support unit, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to the tensioning wheel shaft of the passive tensioning wheel 7. The passive tensioning wheel 7 is driven by the elastic component 15, so that the active tensioning wheel 21 and the passive tensioning wheel 7 jointly control the tension of the sanding belt 20.

[0033] It should be noted that the active tensioning mechanism 6 provides micro-displacement compensation when the tension deviates from the threshold. Since the active tensioning wheel 21 has a limited range of movement, and the sanding belt 20 typically has a relatively long transmission path, a passive tensioning mechanism is used. This allows the passive tensioning wheel 7 to pre-tension the sanding belt 20, and then the active tensioning mechanism 6 provides active adjustment. This maintains the stability of the sanding belt 20's transmission, further ensuring the effectiveness and accuracy of tension adjustment. This avoids the situation where the active tensioning wheel 21's movement becomes too large, leading to unstable transmission of the sanding belt 20, which could easily occur with the active tensioning mechanism 6 alone.

[0034] Furthermore, the distribution of the active tensioning mechanism 6 and the passive tensioning mechanism can be evenly distributed with the drive wheel 2, the grinding wheel 12 and the auxiliary wheel 8, thereby improving the accuracy of the active tensioning mechanism 6 in adjusting the sand belt 20 and further ensuring the stability of the sand belt 20 transmission.

[0035] In this embodiment, a first groove is provided on the support unit. The first groove is located on one side of the sanding belt 20 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sanding belt 20. The diameter of the tensioning wheel shaft of the passive tensioning wheel 7 matches the width of the first groove. After passing through the first groove, it slides and engages with the first groove along its extension direction. The first groove restricts the movement trajectory and distance of the passive tensioning wheel 7.

[0036] To facilitate the installation of the sanding belt 20, the passive tensioning wheel 7 is equipped with a lifting mechanism, which is connected to the tensioning wheel shaft of the passive tensioning wheel 7. Before the sanding belt 20 is installed, the lifting mechanism is driven to move the passive tensioning wheel 7 against the elastic force of the elastic component 15, so as to facilitate the installation of the sanding belt 20. After the installation is completed, the lifting mechanism is released, and the passive tensioning wheel 7 contacts the sanding belt 20 under the action of the elastic component 15, thus applying tension to the sanding belt 20 in advance.

[0037] In some cases, the first slide is a straight strip structure, and the lifting mechanism is provided with a first link 13 and a second link 14. One end of the first link 13 is fixed to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7. The middle part of the second link 14 is hinged to the support unit. One end of the second link 14 is hinged to the end of the first link 13 that is not connected to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7 and is movably mounted on the support unit. Since the first link 13 and the second link 14 are fixed by a hinge, the first link 13 and the second link 14 can rotate around the hinge point between them; and since the middle part of the second link 14 is hinged to the support unit, the second link 14 can rotate around this hinge point on the support unit; and then by driving the end of the second link 14 that is not connected to the first link 13, its other end, along with the first link 13 and the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7, can move after overcoming the elastic force of the elastic component 15.

[0038] In other cases, the lifting mechanism can employ a second link 14 alone, with its middle portion hinged to the support unit. One end of the second link 14 is connected to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7 and is movably mounted on the support unit. The end of the second link 14 connected to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7 has an arc-shaped movement trajectory, so the corresponding shape of the first groove is also arc-shaped. This makes the movement trajectory of the passive tension wheel 7 arc-shaped, and its range of motion also has a certain span, thus allowing for pre-adjustment of the tension of the sanding belt 20.

[0039] To further reduce effort when pulling the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7, the hinge point between the second link 14 and the support unit is close to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7 and the end of the first link 13. This allows a lever structure to be formed when lifting through the other end, further reducing effort. Preferably, a fixed rotating seat 16 is provided on the support unit, and the middle part of the second link 14 is hinged to the fixed rotating seat 16.

[0040] In this embodiment, the support unit is provided with a second slide groove. The end of the second link 14 that is not connected to the first link 13 is connected to an operating handle 19 by means of bolts or the like. The operating handle 19 is slidably installed in the second slide groove, and the extension trajectory of the second slide groove matches the movement trajectory of the operating handle 19. Thus, the second slide groove restricts the movement trajectory and distance of the operating handle 19 and the second link 14.

[0041] Furthermore, to optimize the space for conveying the sanding belt 20, the lifting mechanism and the elastic component 15 are arranged on the side of the support unit away from the passive tensioning wheel 7. In the aforementioned cases, the tensioning wheel shaft of the passive tensioning wheel 7 passes through the first slide groove and is fixed to the first connecting rod 13 or the second connecting rod 14 by means of threaded connection or other means.

[0042] In the embodiment where the lifting mechanism includes a first link 13 and a second link 14, one end of the elastic component 15 is connected to the support unit, and the other end is connected to the end position where the second link 14 and the first link 13 are hinged. This allows the elastic force of the elastic component 15 to act on the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7 through the second link 14 and the first link 13, and avoids interference between the elastic component 15 and the first link 13, the first slide groove, and the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, the elastic component 15 is equipped with a limiting part 18. An adjusting part is movably mounted on the limiting part 18 along the direction of movement of the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7. The adjusting part is connected to the end of the elastic component 15 away from the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel 7. The limiting part 18 is connected to the support unit by welding or other means. The adjusting part is movably mounted on the limiting part 18, and the pre-compression amount of the elastic component 15 can be controlled by adjusting the position of the adjusting part.

[0044] The elastic component 15 is a compression spring, and the limiting part 18 is provided with a screw structure extending in the direction of the compression spring. One end of the compression spring is sleeved on the screw structure. The adjusting part is an adjusting nut 17, which is threadedly connected to the screw structure. By rotating the adjusting nut 17, its position on the screw structure can be adjusted, thereby controlling the pre-compression amount of the compression spring.

[0045] Furthermore, a belt sanding device is also provided, including a support unit, a drive wheel assembly, a grinding wheel assembly, a sanding belt 20, a belt tensioning mechanism, and at least one auxiliary transmission wheel assembly. The support unit serves as a load-bearing structure; the drive wheel assembly is mounted on the support unit; the grinding wheel assembly is mounted on the support unit and spaced apart from the drive wheel assembly; the auxiliary transmission wheel assemblies are all mounted on the support unit and located between the drive wheel assembly and the grinding wheel assembly; the sanding belt 20 wraps around the drive wheel 2 of the drive wheel assembly, the grinding wheel 12 of the grinding wheel assembly, and the auxiliary transmission wheel of the auxiliary transmission wheel assembly; the belt tensioning mechanism is disposed between the drive wheel assembly and the grinding wheel assembly and is evenly distributed with the auxiliary transmission wheel assembly. Moreover, the distribution of the active tensioning mechanism 6 and the passive tensioning mechanism can be evenly distributed with the drive wheel 2, the grinding wheel 12, and the auxiliary wheel 8, improving the accuracy of the active tensioning mechanism 6 in adjusting the sanding belt 20 and further ensuring the stability of the sanding belt 20 transmission.

[0046] In this embodiment, the support unit adopts a base plate 1, and the drive wheel assembly, grinding wheel assembly, sanding belt 20, sanding belt tensioning mechanism and auxiliary transmission wheel assembly are all located on the same side of the base plate 1.

[0047] The drive wheel assembly includes a drive wheel 2, a drive wheel bearing housing 3, a drive wheel adapter plate 4, and a drive wheel fixing seat 5. The journals at both ends of the drive wheel 2 are assembled with bearings, and the two bearings are respectively installed in the drive wheel bearing housing 3 and sealed by the bearing housing end caps. Both drive wheel bearing housings 3 are detachably connected to the drive wheel adapter plate 4 by bolts or other means. The drive wheel adapter plate 4 is detachably connected to the drive wheel fixing seat 5 by bolts or other means. The drive wheel fixing seat 5 is fixedly connected to the support unit by welding or other means.

[0048] Furthermore, the auxiliary drive wheel assembly includes an auxiliary drive wheel and an auxiliary drive wheel support. The auxiliary drive wheel support is detachably mounted on the support unit by bolts or the like, and the auxiliary drive wheel is rotatably mounted on the auxiliary drive wheel support by bearings or the like.

[0049] Furthermore, the grinding wheel assembly includes a grinding wheel 12, a grinding wheel bearing housing 11, a grinding wheel adapter plate 10, and a grinding wheel fixing seat 9. The journals at both ends of the grinding wheel 12 are respectively assembled with bearings. The two bearings are respectively installed in the grinding wheel bearing housing 11 and sealed by the bearing housing end caps. Both grinding wheel bearing housings 11 are detachably connected to the grinding wheel adapter plate 10 by bolts or other means. The grinding wheel adapter plate 10 is detachably connected to the grinding wheel fixing seat 9 by bolts or other means. The grinding wheel fixing seat 9 is fixedly connected to the support unit by welding or other means.

[0050] The working process of the belt abrasive grinding device disclosed in this invention is as follows: In the initial state, the active tensioning mechanism 6 is at the zero point, the passive tensioning wheel 7 is at the lowest position of the first slide groove, and the operating handle 19 is at the top of the second slide groove. First, the sanding belt 20 is installed on the device. At this time, the operator pulls the operating handle 19 to drive the second connecting rod 14 to rotate, and at the same time drives the first connecting rod 13 to move at the first slide groove. The elastic component 15 is compressed, which in turn drives the auxiliary tensioning wheel to move upward, thus facilitating the installation of the sanding belt 20. After the sanding belt 20 is installed, the operating handle 19 is released, the elastic component 15 releases the compressive force, driving the first connecting rod 13 to drive the auxiliary tensioning wheel and the second connecting rod 14 to drive the operating handle 19 back to the initial position; the target tension is preset before the device is started. The servo motor 31 drives the servo cylinder 30 to push the active tensioning wheel fixing seat 24 to drive the active tensioning wheel 21 to move. Its movement is supported by a rigid guiding system composed of the guide sleeve 29 and the guide shaft 25. The tension borne by the active tensioning wheel 21 is transmitted to the active tensioning wheel adapter plate 23 through the active tensioning wheel bearing seat 22, and then to the active tensioning wheel fixing seat 24 and finally to the pressure sensor 26. The pressure sensor 26 monitors the actual tension force in real time and feeds the data back to the controller.

[0051] The controller compares the target value with the measured value based on a preset algorithm, dynamically adjusting the output torque, speed, and displacement of the servo motor 31, and controlling the extension and retraction of the servo cylinder 30 to achieve constant tension control. During the sanding process of the sanding belt 20, the pressure sensor 26 continuously detects tension fluctuations. When the measured value deviates from the preset threshold, the controller drives the servo motor 31 to drive the lead screw to perform compensating displacement, achieving dynamic calibration of the tension and ensuring stable operation of the sanding belt 20 with constant tension. After the operation is completed, the servo motor 31 controls the servo cylinder 30 to retract, driving the tensioning wheel back to the zero position.

[0052] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0053] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0054] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A belt tensioning mechanism, characterized in that, Includes an active tensioning mechanism for mounting on a support unit of a belt sander, the active tensioning mechanism having: The mounting part is mounted on the support unit and located on one side of the sanding belt; An adapter is movably mounted on the mounting part in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sanding belt. An active tensioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the side of the adapter near the sanding belt, and a pressure sensor is mounted on the side of the adapter away from the sanding belt. A drive mechanism is mounted on the support unit, and the output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the pressure sensor; The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the drive mechanism.

2. The belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting section is provided with multiple sets of guiding mechanisms, the guiding mechanisms including: A guide bushing, which is mounted on the mounting portion; A guide shaft is slidably inserted into the guide shaft sleeve and is connected to the adapter.

3. The abrasive belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism is a servo electric cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the pressure sensor.

4. The belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting part is located on the side of the adapter part away from the sanding belt, and the output end of the drive mechanism slides through the mounting part and is connected to the pressure sensor.

5. The belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a passive tensioning mechanism for mounting on the support unit, the passive tensioning mechanism having: A passive tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel shaft of which is movably mounted on the support unit in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sanding belt; An elastic component, one end of which is connected to the support unit, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel.

6. The belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The passive tensioning wheel is equipped with a lifting mechanism, which is connected to the tensioning wheel shaft of the passive tensioning wheel.

7. The belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism is equipped with: The first link has one end fixed to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel. The second link has its middle portion hinged to the support unit. One end of the second link is hinged to the end of the first link that is not connected to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel, and the other end extends in a direction perpendicular to the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel and is movably mounted on the support unit.

8. The belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the elastic component is connected to the support unit, and the other end is connected to the end position where the second link and the first link are hinged.

9. The belt tensioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic component is equipped with a limiting part, and an adjusting part is movably installed on the limiting part along the direction of movement of the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel. The adjusting part is connected to the end of the elastic component away from the tension wheel shaft of the passive tension wheel.

10. A belt sander, characterized in that, include: Support unit, which serves as a load-bearing structure; A drive wheel assembly, which is mounted on the support unit; A grinding wheel assembly is mounted on the support unit and is spaced apart from the drive wheel assembly; At least one auxiliary transmission wheel assembly is mounted on the support unit and located between the drive wheel assembly and the grinding wheel assembly; A sanding belt, which is wrapped around the drive wheel of the drive wheel assembly, the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel assembly, and the auxiliary drive wheel of the auxiliary drive wheel assembly; The abrasive belt tensioning mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is disposed between the drive wheel assembly and the grinding wheel assembly, and is evenly distributed at intervals with the auxiliary transmission wheel assembly.

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