A device for measuring geological fractures in the hydrosphere

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and environmental geology, and particularly discloses a measuring device for cracks in water conservancy and environmental geology, which comprises a support, a plurality of sliding blocks connected to the support in a sliding mode, an extender arranged on the sliding blocks, an installation plate fixedly connected to the extensible end of the extender, and a flexible plug rod assembly arranged on the lower side of the installation plate and capable of being inserted into cracks in the water conservancy and environmental geology layer. The measuring device for cracks in water conservancy and environmental geology provided by the application injects silica gel solution into the cracks, forms crack filling models after the silica gel solution is solidified, takes out the crack filling models from the cracks, measures the sizes of the crack filling models, and thus realizes the measurement of the cracks, so that the crack size measurement is more intuitive and accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogeological technology, and in particular to a measuring device for hydrogeological fractures. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogeological and environmental geological (hydrological, engineering geological, and environmental geological) investigation and monitoring are fundamental tasks for ensuring the safety of major national engineering projects, assessing geological hazard risks, and carrying out ecological environmental protection. Among these, cracks (including fissures, joints, and faults) in rock, soil, or concrete structures are the core objects of observation. The geometric parameters of cracks (such as strike, dip, angle, width, length, and density) and their dynamic changes (such as expansion, contraction, and displacement) directly affect the stability of the rock and soil mass, seepage characteristics, and long-term safety of the project.

[0003] Currently, the measurement of cracks in hydrogeological environments mainly employs gap gauge measurement, non-contact photogrammetry, and embedded sensor measurement. When using gap gauges, the measurement process is highly dependent on manual operation, resulting in low efficiency and significant influence from the surveyor's skill level and subjective judgment, leading to poor data consistency. For cracks in rugged locations (such as high slopes, deep foundation pits, and cavern roofs) or those of minute / giant scale, measurement is difficult, dangerous, and accuracy is hard to guarantee. When using non-contact photogrammetry, the accuracy of ordinary digital photography is significantly affected by camera calibration, lens distortion, shooting angle, and lighting conditions. Data processing is complex, making it difficult to obtain quantitative results in real time, and it is not convenient for measuring deep cracks. When using embedded sensor measurement, only change data from a single point or a limited number of points at the sensor installation location can be obtained, failing to comprehensively characterize the overall morphology and expansion of the crack. The installation process often requires drilling and embedding, causing local disturbance or damage to the soil and rock mass, and the position is difficult to adjust after deployment, resulting in insufficient flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a measuring device for hydrogeological cracks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A measuring device for hydrogeological fractures includes a support frame with multiple sliders slidably connected to it. Each slider is equipped with an expansion joint, the telescopic end of which is fixedly connected to a mounting plate. A flexible plug rod assembly is mounted on the underside of the mounting plate. The flexible plug rod assembly can be inserted into fractures in the hydrogeological layer to inject silica gel solution into the fractures. After the silica gel solution solidifies, a fracture-filled model is formed. By pulling the mounting plate and the flexible plug rod assembly upwards using the expansion joint, the fracture-filled model is removed from the fracture. Various dimensions of the removed fracture-filled model are measured, thereby enabling the measurement of the fracture.

[0007] Preferably, the flexible plug assembly includes a plurality of plug blocks that are hinged end to end.

[0008] Preferably, the plug includes a base block with a cavity inside, and through slots connected to the cavity on both sides of the base block, with a swing plate hinged to one side of the through slot.

[0009] Preferably, the base block has a through hole at the top facing downwards, and the hose passes through the through hole of each plug block sequentially downwards from the through hole of the uppermost plug block. The hose has multiple slurry outlet holes on its side wall.

[0010] Preferably, a slot is provided on one side of the swing plate, and a connecting hole is provided on the other side of the slot, with the connecting hole corresponding to the position of the slurry outlet hole.

[0011] Preferably, the corner of the card slot is provided with an upwardly recessed triangular groove.

[0012] Preferably, a guide groove is provided on one side of the swing plate, a guide block is slidably connected in the guide groove, a spring is fixedly connected between one side of the guide groove and the guide block, and multiple sets of retaining rings are provided on the hose, each set of retaining rings consists of two rings, and the two retaining rings are located on the upper and lower sides of the guide block respectively.

[0013] Preferably, sealing plates are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the guide block, and the sealing plates can cover and seal the guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, the silica gel solution is an ultra-soft silica gel solution after solidification.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The measuring device for hydraulic and environmental geological fractures provided by the present invention injects a silica gel solution into the fracture, and after the silica gel solution solidifies, a fracture filling model is formed. The fracture filling model is then removed from the fracture, and various dimensions of the removed fracture filling model are measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the fracture. The fracture size measurement is more intuitive and accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a measuring device for hydrogeological cracks provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the stopper block;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment discloses a measuring device for hydrogeological cracks. The measuring device 300 includes a bracket 1, which includes two correspondingly arranged fixing blocks 12. Each fixing block 12 is equipped with a support column 11 on its lower side. The bottom of the support column 11 is equipped with a caster wheel. A guide rail 13 is fixedly connected between the two fixing blocks 12. Multiple sliders 2 are slidably connected on the guide rail 13. Only one slider 2 is shown in the attached figure. The slider 2 is equipped with an expansion joint 3, which is a hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic end of the expansion joint 3 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 4. A flexible plug rod assembly 50 is installed on the lower side of the mounting plate 4. The flexible plug rod assembly 50 can be inserted into the crack 200 of the hydrogeological layer 100 to inject silica gel solution into the crack 200. After the silica gel solution solidifies, a crack filling model is formed. The mounting plate 4 and the flexible plug rod assembly 50 are pulled upward by the expansion joint 3. When the flexible plug rod assembly 50 comes out of the crack 200, the crack filling model can be taken out of the crack 200. The various dimensions of the crack filling model after it is taken out are measured, thereby realizing the measurement of the crack 200.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the insertion of the flexible plug rod assembly 50 into the crack 200, the flexible plug rod assembly 50 in this embodiment includes a plurality of plug blocks 5 hinged end to end. The length of the plug block 5 is determined according to the crack, so as to adapt to the deformation of the crack 200 and bend, thereby allowing the flexible plug rod assembly 50 to be inserted into the bottom of the inner side of the crack 200.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, to prevent one sidewall of the plug 5 from contacting the sidewall of the crack 200, after the silicone solution is injected, part of the plug 5 is exposed. The plug 5 includes a base block 51, and the interior of the base block 51 has a cavity 52. ​​Each side of the base block 51 has a through groove communicating with the cavity 52, and a swing plate 53 is hinged to one side of the through groove. By swinging the swing plate 53 outwards, the ends of the swing plates 53 on both sides of the base block 51 contact the sidewall of the crack 200. Thus, the base block 51 will not contact the sidewall of the crack 200. After the silicone solution is injected, the silicone solution can completely encapsulate the base block 51, and the contact area between the ends of the swing plates 53 and the sidewall of the crack 200 is extremely small. The plug 5 is not exposed, thus not affecting the shape of the crack filling model and improving the accuracy of crack 200 measurement.

[0025] In this embodiment, to facilitate the removal of the crack-filling model, a through hole is provided at the top of the base block 51. The flexible tube 57 passes through the through hole of each of the uppermost plug blocks 5 sequentially downwards. Multiple slurry outlet holes 58 are provided on the side wall of the flexible tube 57. A slot 59 is provided on one side of the swing plate 53, and a connecting hole 510 is provided on the other side of the slot 59. The connecting hole 510 is positioned corresponding to the slurry outlet holes 58. When injecting silica gel solution into the crack 200, silica gel solution is simultaneously injected into the flexible tube 57. The silica gel solution enters the cavity 52 through the slurry outlet hole 58 and enters the slot 59 through the connecting hole 510, ensuring that silica gel solution exists on both sides of the swing plate 53. This facilitates the removal of the crack-filling model from the crack 200.

[0026] To further facilitate the removal of the crack filling model from the crack 200, a triangular groove 511 with an upward indentation is provided at the corner of the slot 59. In this way, the crack filling model forms a convex corner and is stuck in the triangular groove 511, making it less likely for the crack filling model to fall off.

[0027] To further facilitate the removal of the crack-filling model from the crack 200, this embodiment features a guide groove on one side of the swing plate 53. A guide block 54 is slidably connected within the guide groove, and a spring 55 is fixedly connected between one side of the guide groove and the guide block 54. The flexible tube 57 is equipped with multiple sets of retaining rings 512, with two rings in each set, located on the upper and lower sides of the guide block 54 respectively. Before injecting the silica gel solution, the flexible tube 57 is pulled upwards. Under the action of the retaining rings 512, the guide block 54 moves upwards along the guide groove, causing the swing plate 53 to unfold outwards and contact the crack sidewall. When it is necessary to remove the crack-filling model, the upward pull on the flexible tube 57 is released, and the guide block 54 moves downwards under the action of the spring 55, causing the swing plate 53 to contract inwards. This inward contraction of the swing plate 53 causes the crack-filling model to contract, thus separating it from the crack and facilitating its removal. Meanwhile, sealing plates 56 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the guide block 54. The sealing plates 56 can block and seal the guide groove, preventing silicone solution from entering the guide groove and affecting the normal operation of the spring 55.

Claims

1. A measuring device for hydraulic annular geological fractures, characterized in that: The system includes a bracket (1), which is slidably connected to multiple sliders (2). Each slider (2) is equipped with a telescopic device (3). The telescopic end of the telescopic device (3) is fixedly connected to an installation plate (4). A flexible plug rod assembly (50) is installed on the lower side of the installation plate (4). The flexible plug rod assembly (50) can be inserted into the crack (200) of the hydrogeological layer (100) and inject silica gel solution into the crack (200). After the silica gel solution solidifies, a crack filling model is formed. The installation plate (4) and the flexible plug rod assembly (50) are pulled upward by the telescopic device (3) to remove the crack filling model from the crack (200). The dimensions of the removed crack filling model are measured to achieve the measurement of the crack (200). The flexible plug assembly (50) includes a plurality of plug blocks (5) that are hinged end to end. The plug (5) includes a base block (51), the interior of which is provided with a cavity (52), and the two sides of the base block (51) are respectively provided with through grooves that communicate with the cavity (52), and a swing plate (53) is hinged to one side of the through groove.

2. The measuring device for hydrogeological fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base block (51) has a through hole at the top and the hose (57) passes through the through hole of each plug block (5) from the through hole of the uppermost plug block (5) in sequence. The hose (57) has multiple slurry outlet holes (58) on its side wall.

3. The measuring device for hydrogeological fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing plate (53) has a slot (59) on the side away from the hose (57), and a connecting hole (510) is provided on the side of the slot (59). The connecting hole (510) is positioned corresponding to the slurry outlet (58).

4. The measuring device for hydraulic and environmental geological fractures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The card slot (59) has an upwardly recessed triangular groove (511) at the corner.

5. A measuring device for hydrogeological fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing plate (53) has a guide groove on the side facing the hose (57), and a guide block (54) is slidably connected in the guide groove. A spring (55) is fixedly connected between the bottom of the guide groove and the lower side of the guide block (54). The hose (57) is provided with multiple sets of retaining rings (512), each set of retaining rings (512) consists of two rings, and the two retaining rings (512) are located on the upper and lower sides of the guide block (54) respectively.

6. The measuring device for hydrogeological fractures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide block (54) is fixedly connected to sealing plates (56) on both the upper and lower sides, and the sealing plates (56) can cover and seal the guide groove.

7. A measuring device for hydrogeological fractures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The silica gel solution used is an ultra-soft silica gel solution after solidification.

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