Lightning arrester lightning stroke counting system and method based on homologous measurement

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lightning stroke counters, in particular to a homologous measurement lightning arrester lightning stroke counting system and method, and the system comprises a mechanical driving and counting module which is connected with a digital processing and counting module and is used for carrying out the updating of a digital counting action and generating a driving instruction when a lightning stroke event result is an effective lightning stroke event. The counter is used for generating pulse current according to a driving instruction, counting based on the pulse current, breaking through the limitation of independent operation of a traditional digital counter and a mechanical counter, ensuring signal consistency through homologous measurement, guaranteeing event accuracy through dual judgment, and realizing action synchronism through cooperative driving. The problem that counting is inconsistent due to sensor difference and different judgment logics is fundamentally solved, missed counting caused by inertia of a traditional mechanical counter and miscounting caused by interference of a digital system are avoided, and therefore the accuracy and reliability of lightning stroke counting data are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of lightning strike counter technology, and in particular to a lightning strike counting system and method for surge arresters using co-source measurement. Background Technology

[0002] As a core overvoltage protection device in the power system, the operating status of surge arresters directly determines the safety of critical electrical equipment such as transformers and switchgear. Lightning strike counters, as an important accessory to surge arresters, record the number of strikes, which is a core basis for assessing the aging of surge arresters, analyzing the frequency of lightning strikes on power lines, and formulating operation and maintenance plans. They play an irreplaceable role in ensuring the reliable operation of the power grid.

[0003] Currently, to balance reliability and intelligence requirements, high-voltage surge arresters are often equipped with both mechanical and digital counting systems. However, this coexistence has led to serious data consistency problems in practice. In traditional technologies, the mechanical and digital counters operate independently, each with its own sensing unit and judgment logic. This results in asynchronous responses to the same lightning strike event: the mechanical mechanism, limited by inertia and minimum driving energy, is prone to missing small-amplitude lightning currents; while the electronic circuitry, due to insufficient anti-interference capabilities, is prone to miscounting in complex electromagnetic environments. Ultimately, this results in conflicting and contradictory data, making it difficult for maintenance personnel to accept the data and severely hindering its effective utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problem of inconsistent counting caused by independent measurement between digital and mechanical counters in the prior art, thereby eliminating the deviation caused by independent measurement of the two systems and improving operation and maintenance efficiency, this application proposes a surge arrester lightning strike counting system and method based on co-source measurement.

[0005] This application provides a surge arrester lightning strike counting system and method based on the same source measurement, which adopts the following technical solution: A surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement, comprising: The signal acquisition module is used to acquire lightning current signals and output voltage signals from the same source. The digital processing and counting module, connected to the signal acquisition module, is used to condition the same source voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal; sample the standard voltage signal and judge it based on preset dual conditions to obtain the lightning strike event result; when the lightning strike event result is a valid lightning strike event, execute the digital counting action to update and generate drive instructions; The mechanical drive and counting module, connected to the digital processing and counting module, is used to generate pulse current according to drive commands and to count based on the pulse current.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the signal acquisition module, as the sole signal source of the system, ensures that the objects processed by the digital and mechanical counting systems originate from the same lightning current event, thus eliminating measurement deviations caused by sensor differences at the physical level. The digital processing and counting module conditions and samples the voltage signals from the same source, and uses preset amplitude and duration conditions for joint judgment to distinguish between valid lightning strikes and transient interference. Only after confirming a valid event can the internal digital counting update and the drive command sent to the mechanical drive module be triggered simultaneously, ensuring the uniqueness of the counting event. The mechanical drive and counting module, as a controlled execution unit, receives commands from the digital processing module and generates highly reliable pulse currents to drive the mechanical counter to operate synchronously. This fundamentally solves the problem of counting asynchrony caused by the independent operation of the two systems, improving data accuracy and operational decision-making efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, the signal acquisition module includes: The current transformer unit is connected in series with the surge arrester to obtain the lightning current signal of the surge arrester in real time when a lightning strike occurs. The signal conversion unit is used to convert the lightning current signal into a voltage signal as a common source measurement signal.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the current transformer unit is directly connected in series with the grounding wire of the surge arrester, and the signal conversion unit converts the original current signal into a voltage signal. This signal is then used as the same source measurement signal of the system and fed into both the digital and mechanical counting channels. This ensures that the properties of the processed objects are consistent, thereby avoiding measurement deviations in the dual system caused by differences in sensor type, installation location, or characteristics.

[0009] Optional, the digital processing and counting module includes: The signal conditioning unit is used to filter, limit, and amplify the same source voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal. The validity judgment unit is used to perform AD sampling on the standard voltage signal and make judgments based on preset dual conditions to obtain the result of the lightning strike event; The digital counting unit is used to update and upload the digital count value when the result of a lightning strike event is determined to be a valid lightning strike event. The instruction generation unit is used to generate driver instructions after the digital count value is uploaded.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the signal conditioning unit suppresses electromagnetic interference at the scene, protects the back-end sampling circuit, and generates a standard voltage signal through filtering, limiting, and amplification. The validity judgment unit analyzes the AD sampling data based on preset amplitude and duration conditions, which can distinguish between real valid lightning strikes and various instantaneous interference pulses, improving the accuracy of counting events. On this basis, the digital counting unit only updates the count value and performs the upload after the validity judgment unit confirms it. This not only ensures the reliability of digital counting, but also makes the count upload a prerequisite for generating drive instructions, forming strict timing control. The instruction generation unit generates drive instructions only after the count upload is completed, which can ensure that the digital count has been successfully recorded, and then trigger the mechanical counting action. Thus, the digital and mechanical counting are completely synchronized in time and logic, fundamentally solving the problem of counting inconsistency caused by independent measurement of the two systems.

[0011] Optional, the mechanical drive and counting module includes: A drive signal receiving unit is used to receive drive commands; A pulse current generation unit is used to convert power supply voltage into pulse current according to drive commands; An electromagnetic drive unit is used to generate electromagnetic driving force through pulsed current. The mechanical counting execution unit is used to perform carry operations through electromagnetic driving force to complete mechanical counting; The status feedback unit is used to generate a status feedback signal when the carry operation is completed.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, the drive signal receiving unit, as the key interface between the digital and mechanical systems, ensures that the mechanical counting action is strictly controlled by the instructions of the digital processing module, establishing the foundation for system collaborative work; the pulse current generation unit converts the power supply voltage into drive pulses with sufficient energy and specific waveforms, providing a precise and reliable power source for mechanical action; the electromagnetic drive unit converts the electrical pulses into instantaneous and powerful electromagnetic force, which can overcome the problem of non-movement that may be caused by inertia in traditional mechanical counters; the mechanical counting execution unit completes precise carry operations under the drive of electromagnetic force, ensuring that each digital count can be reliably converted into a physical count, achieving hard synchronization between electronic signals and mechanical displays; the status feedback unit generates a confirmation signal after the mechanical action is completed, forming a complete closed-loop control, which not only verifies the success of mechanical counting execution, but also provides status basis for system fault diagnosis and remote monitoring, ultimately ensuring consistency between digital and mechanical counting results.

[0013] Optionally, the state feedback unit includes: The auxiliary contact assembly is located inside the mechanical counting execution unit and changes its on / off state as the mechanical digit wheel moves forward. The signal acquisition component is used to monitor changes in on / off status in real time and send status feedback signals to the digital processing and counting module.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the auxiliary contact component and the mechanical counting execution unit form a rigid linkage. The change in its on / off state directly and accurately reflects the actual carry action of the mechanical counter wheel, serving as evidence of the completion of mechanical counting. The signal acquisition component monitors this state change in real time and accurately converts the physical fact that the action has been executed into an electrical signal, feeding it back to the digital processing and counting module. This constructs a closed-loop control circuit in the system from command issuance to action confirmation. This design not only enables real-time verification of the mechanical counting results, ensuring strict synchronization between digital and mechanical counting in every event, but also provides real-time monitoring capabilities of the mechanical counter's operating status for remote operation and maintenance, enhancing the reliability and maintainability of the entire counting system.

[0015] Optional, also includes: The closed-loop verification module is connected to the digital processing and counting module and the mechanical drive and counting module respectively. It is used to collect the status feedback signal for verification when the drive command is detected, and to obtain the mechanical counting execution result. The exception handling module is used to perform exception handling actions when no successful mechanical counting result is detected within a preset time.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the closed-loop verification module achieves real-time verification of mechanical counting actions by comparing drive commands and status feedback; the anomaly handling module automatically initiates the error correction process when an action failure is detected. Through the synergistic effect of the two, it is ensured that even in the event of occasional mechanical component failures, active intervention can maintain consistency between the digital and mechanical counts, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the system.

[0017] Optionally, the exception handling module includes: The retry control unit is used to trigger a retry drive action when the mechanical counting execution result is a failure; The fault reporting unit is used to mark a fault and report fault information when the maximum number of retry drive actions is reached and the mechanical counting result is a failure.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, the retry control unit effectively addresses the momentary lag of mechanical components through an automatic retry mechanism, improving the final success rate of single counting commands. The fault reporting unit accurately identifies permanent faults when retries fail and promptly alerts maintenance personnel through a proactive reporting mechanism, preventing the long-term existence of counting asynchrony issues. Working together, these two components ensure system fault tolerance while achieving precise fault location and rapid response, thereby guaranteeing the long-term reliable operation of the counting system.

[0019] A lightning strike counting method for surge arresters based on co-source measurement includes: When a lightning strike occurs, the lightning current signal is collected in real time and the same source voltage signal is output. Conditioning the voltage signals from the same source yields a standard voltage signal; The standard voltage signal is sampled, and the result of the lightning strike event is obtained based on the preset dual conditions. When the lightning strike event result is a valid lightning strike event, execute the digital counter action to update it and generate the driving instruction; Pulse current is generated according to the drive command, and counting is performed based on the pulse current.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solutions, starting with the common source acquisition of lightning current signals, it is ensured that all subsequent judgments and actions are based on the same event source, laying a physical foundation for counting consistency. By sampling the standard voltage signal and making dual condition judgments based on amplitude and duration, interference pulses are effectively eliminated, ensuring the accuracy of counting events. Finally, only after a valid lightning strike event is confirmed is the digital count update and mechanical drive command triggered synchronously, achieving strict synchronization between the digital system and the mechanical system in logic and action. This fundamentally solves the problem of counting inconsistency caused by independent measurement and judgment, ensuring the uniqueness and reliability of operation and maintenance data.

[0021] An electronic device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of a surge arrester lightning strike counting method based on the same source measurement.

[0022] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements a lightning arrester lightning strike counting method based on the same source measurement.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The signal acquisition module acquires lightning current signals and outputs a voltage signal from the same source. The digital processing and counting module, connected to the signal acquisition module, conditions the voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal, samples the standard voltage signal, and judges it based on preset dual conditions to obtain the lightning strike event result. When the lightning strike event result is a valid lightning strike event, it executes a digital counting action to update and generate a drive command. The mechanical drive and counting module, connected to the digital processing and counting module, generates pulse current according to the drive command and counts based on the pulse current. This overcomes the limitations of traditional independent operation of digital and mechanical counters, achieving measurement from the same source. Ensuring signal consistency, dual-judgment guaranteeing event accuracy, and collaborative driving to achieve action synchronization fundamentally solves the problem of inconsistent counting caused by sensor differences and different judgment logics. At the same time, by establishing a complete closed-loop control from signal acquisition to mechanical action, it avoids the undercounting caused by inertia in traditional mechanical counters and the miscounting caused by interference in digital systems, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of lightning strike counting data. This provides a solid guarantee for power system lightning protection assessment and operation and maintenance decisions, and solves the problem of inconsistent counting caused by independent measurement between digital and mechanical counters in existing technologies, thereby eliminating the deviation caused by independent measurement of dual systems and improving operation and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on the same source measurement provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a second structural block diagram of a surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on the same source measurement provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a third structural block diagram of a surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on the same source measurement provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This application provides a flowchart of the steps of a lightning strike counting method for surge arresters based on co-source measurement. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention aims to provide a lightning strike counting system and method for surge arresters based on co-source measurement, in order to solve the problem of inconsistent counting caused by independent measurement between digital and mechanical counters in the prior art.

[0029] This invention, through a co-source acquisition and master-slave drive architecture, transforms the mechanical counter from an independent sensing unit into an intelligent execution terminal uniformly commanded and verified by a digital system. The system uses a single current transformer as the sole signal source, with a microcontroller performing unified signal processing and validity judgment. Upon confirming a valid lightning strike, it synchronously updates the digital count and intelligently drives the mechanical counter. Finally, a state feedback loop verifies the mechanical action result, thus ensuring synchronization between the digital and mechanical counts at the source.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on the same source measurement, comprising: The signal acquisition module is used to acquire lightning current signals and output voltage signals from the same source. The digital processing and counting module, connected to the signal acquisition module, is used to condition the same source voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal; sample the standard voltage signal and judge it based on preset dual conditions to obtain the lightning strike event result; when the lightning strike event result is a valid lightning strike event, execute the digital counting action to update and generate drive instructions; The mechanical drive and counting module, connected to the digital processing and counting module, is used to generate pulse current according to drive commands and to count based on the pulse current.

[0031] Specifically, the signal acquisition module, digital processing and counting module, and mechanical drive and counting module work together to form a dual verification process in the judgment and execution dimensions during lightning strike event handling: When the signal acquisition module is in the signal sensing stage, the digital processing and counting module simultaneously performs signal conditioning and sampling preparation; when the signal acquisition module outputs a stable same-source voltage signal, the digital processing and counting module immediately initiates the first judgment condition to quickly filter the signal amplitude, forming a primary verification period of "front-end sensing - back-end judgment"; when the digital processing and counting module enters the second judgment condition to perform fine analysis of the signal spectrum characteristics, the mechanical drive and counting module simultaneously prepares for drive, forming an overlapping period of "intelligent judgment - execution standby"; when both judgment conditions are met and a valid lightning strike event is confirmed, the digital processing and counting module immediately updates the digital count and generates a drive command, while the mechanical drive and counting module generates a pulse current according to the drive command to drive the mechanical structure to complete the physical counting, forming a synchronous linkage of "digital update - mechanical execution". This interconnected, multi-verified, and coordinated working mode enables a complete closed-loop processing of lightning strike events, from signal perception to final counting. It avoids misjudgments and omissions due to the limitations of single-level judgment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of lightning strike counting.

[0032] It should be noted that the "same source measurement" in this application does not refer to a single signal source. Rather, based on the characteristics of lightning strikes—"highly transient and complex interference"—two counting modules are designed differently. The signal acquisition module focuses on the authenticity and source fidelity of the signal, ensuring that the sensed signal and the lightning current originate from the same source. The digital processing and counting module focuses on criteria and accurate decision-making, using a dual-condition judgment strategy to distinguish between real lightning strikes and various interferences. The mechanical drive and counting module focuses on the reliability of execution and state maintenance, ensuring that the counting results are not affected by subsequent environmental factors. Through process verification linkage and functional complementarity, the contradiction of single electronic counting being susceptible to interference and lacking reliability is resolved. Furthermore, the dual recording of digital and mechanical data eliminates the risk of single-point failure in the counting system, ensuring that the entire link from event perception to result recording can work stably and reliably in complex field environments.

[0033] Working principle: When lightning current flows through the grounding lead of the surge arrester, the signal acquisition module converts it into a voltage signal based on electromagnetic induction and transmits it to the digital processing and counting module. The digital processing and counting module first conditions and standardizes the signal, converting it into a standard voltage signal suitable for high-speed sampling. Then, the ADC unit samples the signal to obtain complete waveform data. The system's built-in dual-judgment logic is activated simultaneously: the first condition performs rapid filtering, and the second condition performs fine confirmation. Only when both conditions are met within a preset time window is the system ultimately determined to be a valid lightning strike event. After the determination takes effect, the digital processing and counting module immediately updates its internal digital counter and simultaneously sends a fixed-width, fixed-current drive command to the mechanical drive and counting module. Upon receiving the command, the mechanical drive and counting module generates a powerful pulse current, driving a stepper motor or electromagnet to precisely push the mechanical digit wheel forward once via a gear set, completing an irreversible physical count. Through seamless coordination and mutual verification of these three stages in perception, decision-making, and execution, the system achieves the entire process of accurately capturing, identifying, and reliably recording lightning strike events affecting the surge arrester.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 This application provides a surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on the same source measurement, comprising: Preferably, the signal acquisition module includes: The current transformer unit is connected in series with the surge arrester to obtain the lightning current signal of the surge arrester in real time when a lightning strike occurs. The signal conversion unit is used to convert the lightning current signal into a voltage signal as a common source measurement signal.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the signal acquisition module refers to a hardware component deployed in the grounding circuit of the surge arrester, used to acquire lightning current signals in real time and convert them into a voltage signal of the same source that can be used by subsequent processing units.

[0036] The current transformer unit adopts a single through-hole current transformer, preferably a high-precision Rogowski coil structure. This transformer is installed in series in the grounding lead of the surge arrester. When a lightning strike occurs, it is used to obtain the lightning current signal flowing through the surge arrester in real time through the principle of electromagnetic induction, so as to ensure the uniqueness and authenticity of the signal source.

[0037] The signal conversion unit uses a signal conditioning circuit to convert the lightning current signal (usually in the milliampere to kiloampere range) output by the current transformer unit into a voltage signal whose amplitude is proportional to the current signal.

[0038] It should be noted that the same source measurement signal refers to the voltage signal that is collected and converted by the same current inductor unit and has a definite proportional relationship with the original lightning current signal. This signal serves as the sole signal source for the digital processing and counting module and the mechanical drive and counting module to process together, ensuring the consistency of the counting event source from a physical perspective.

[0039] In practical implementation, when the surge arrester is struck by lightning, the lightning current flows through the grounding down conductor. The through-type current transformer obtains the lightning current signal in real time through the principle of electromagnetic induction, and the signal conversion unit converts it into a standardized voltage signal as the only common input for judgment and counting actions, thus avoiding the problem of inconsistent counting caused by the difference in measurement of multiple sensors.

[0040] Preferably, the digital processing and counting module includes: The signal conditioning unit is used to filter, limit, and amplify the same source voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal. The validity judgment unit is used to perform AD sampling on the standard voltage signal and make judgments based on preset dual conditions to obtain the result of the lightning strike event; The digital counting unit is used to update and upload the digital count value when the result of a lightning strike event is determined to be a valid lightning strike event. The instruction generation unit is used to generate driver instructions after the digital count value is uploaded.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, the signal conditioning unit employs an analog signal conditioning circuit composed of a low-pass filter circuit, a voltage limiting circuit, and an operational amplifier circuit. This unit receives a weak, homogeneous voltage signal output from the signal acquisition module. First, it passes through a low-pass filter circuit (with a cutoff frequency adjustable from 1kHz to 100kHz) to filter out high-frequency interference noise (such as radio interference and switching noise). Then, a limiting circuit composed of bidirectional Zener diodes limits the signal amplitude to the safe input range of the subsequent analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Preferably, the safe input range is 0-3.3V. Finally, the operational amplifier amplifies the signal to a standard voltage range (e.g., 0.5V-2.5V) suitable for ADC sampling, resulting in a high-quality standard voltage signal.

[0042] The validity determination unit is integrated into the main control microcontroller. This unit uses the microcontroller's built-in ADC module to perform high-speed sampling of the conditioned standard voltage signal and analyzes the sampled discrete data in real time. Preferably, the sampling rate is not less than 1 MSPS. It determines validity based on preset dual conditions: The first condition is the amplitude threshold judgment, that is, to determine whether the peak value of the signal exceeds the preset lightning current threshold. The second condition is the duration judgment, which determines whether the duration of the signal exceeding the threshold reaches the preset minimum pulse width.

[0043] The unit will only determine a valid lightning strike event and output a valid lightning strike event result if the acquired signal simultaneously meets the above two conditions.

[0044] Preferably, the preset lightning current threshold is set to a peak voltage signal value ≥ 1V, which is equivalent to a lightning current ≥ 50A, and the preset minimum pulse width is set to 1μs.

[0045] The digital counting unit is integrated into the main control microcontroller and implemented as a software variable or non-volatile memory (such as EEPROM or FRAM). When the validity judgment unit outputs a valid lightning strike event result, this unit responds immediately, incrementing and updating its internally maintained digital count value (e.g., from N to N+1), and uploading the updated digital count value and its corresponding timestamp to a remote monitoring system (such as a power grid SCADA system) in real time through the on-chip integrated communication interface. Preferably, the communication interface can be, but is not limited to, a UART-to-RS485 or LoRa module.

[0046] The instruction generation unit is implemented using the microcontroller's GPIO and timer resources. After confirming that the digital counting unit has completed uploading the count value, this unit is triggered by a specific software flag. Upon triggering, the unit controls a designated GPIO pin to output a drive instruction signal with a preset pulse width (e.g., 10ms) and level (e.g., 3.3V high level). This signal is directly sent to the subsequent mechanical drive and counting module as a trigger command to initiate a mechanical counting action.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, the signal conditioning unit serves as a pre-processing analog circuit to provide a clean input signal to the microcontroller; the validity judgment unit and the digital counting unit serve as the core algorithms and logic, achieving accurate event discrimination and data management within the microcontroller through software programming; and the instruction generation unit serves as a control interface, transforming digital decisions into physical driving actions, ensuring the speed, accuracy, and reliability of the entire process from signal confirmation to counting execution.

[0048] Preferably, the mechanical drive and counting module includes: A drive signal receiving unit is used to receive drive commands; A pulse current generation unit is used to convert power supply voltage into pulse current according to drive commands; An electromagnetic drive unit is used to generate electromagnetic driving force through pulsed current. The mechanical counting execution unit is used to perform carry operations through electromagnetic driving force to complete mechanical counting; The status feedback unit is used to generate a status feedback signal when the carry operation is completed.

[0049] Specifically, the mechanical drive and counting module receives drive commands from the digital processing and counting module, and drives the mechanical structure to complete the counting action through electro-magnetic-force energy conversion, while also providing an actuator that provides feedback on the action status. Among these: The drive signal receiving unit is implemented using an optocoupler isolation circuit combined with a Schmitt trigger. This unit receives drive commands from the digital processing and counting module. The optocoupler isolator is used to achieve electrical isolation between the preceding and following circuits, effectively preventing ground loop interference and high voltage crosstalk. The isolated signal is then shaped by the Schmitt trigger to eliminate signal edge jitter, resulting in a clean and stable switching control signal, which is then sent to the pulse current generation unit.

[0050] Preferably, the drive command is a 3.3V TTL level signal.

[0051] The pulse current generation unit is preferably a switching drive circuit using a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) of model IRF740. When a valid high-level signal is received from the drive signal receiving unit, the MOSFET is quickly turned on, connecting the module's DC operating power supply to the load circuit. A current-limiting resistor and the coil of the electromagnetic drive unit are connected in series in this circuit, thereby generating a strong pulse current with controllable amplitude and pulse width synchronized with the drive command in the coil.

[0052] The electromagnetic drive unit is configured as an electromagnet mechanism, with its core component being a drive coil wound on a soft magnetic iron core. When a pulse current flows through the coil, according to the magnetic effect of the current, an instantaneous magnetic field with an intensity proportional to the magnitude of the current is generated. This magnetic field acts on the iron core, magnetizing it and generating a strong unidirectional electromagnetic attraction.

[0053] The mechanical counting execution unit uses a traditional electromagnetic mechanical counter (such as the JH18 series), but its driving source is not directly from lightning current, but from the electromagnetic attraction generated by the aforementioned electromagnetic drive unit. This attraction pulls the armature of the counter to move, and through a ratchet and gear transmission mechanism, a single engagement action is converted into a precise carry operation of the mechanical digit wheel, thereby completing an irreversible physical count and realizing a persistent and intuitive display of the count value, such as the units wheel carrying over one digit, or the tens wheel carrying over one digit.

[0054] The status feedback unit consists of a miniature auxiliary contact and lead wires installed inside the mechanical counting execution unit. The on / off state of this auxiliary contact is mechanically linked to the carry action of the mechanical digit wheel. When the digit wheel completes a carry cycle (e.g., flipping from 9 to 0), it triggers a momentary change in the state of the auxiliary contact, from normally open to closed, thereby generating a switching signal indicating that the mechanical counting has been successfully executed, which is output as a status feedback signal.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the drive signal receiving unit ensures the reliability of command transmission, while the pulse current generation unit provides sufficient and accurate drive energy. The electromagnetic drive unit achieves efficient electro-magnetic-force conversion, enabling the mechanical counting execution unit to ultimately complete the physical recording. The state feedback unit constructs a verification closed loop for action execution, ensuring that each valid digital count can be reliably converted into a synchronous mechanical count.

[0056] Preferably, the state feedback unit includes: The auxiliary contact assembly is located inside the mechanical counting execution unit and changes its on / off state as the mechanical digit wheel moves forward. The signal acquisition component is used to monitor changes in on / off status in real time and send status feedback signals to the digital processing and counting module.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary contact assembly can be configured as a miniature quick-acting switch or a sealed reed switch, and its driving mechanism is rigidly linked to the unit digit wheel shaft or carry cam of the mechanical counting execution unit. This assembly is typically configured as a normally open contact. Only when the mechanical digit wheel completes a full carry action will the digit wheel shaft rotate to a specific angle, and the cam or lever mechanism will instantaneously press down the button of the quick-acting switch or trigger magnet to close the reed switch, resulting in a clear "open → closed → open" transition in its contact state.

[0058] The signal acquisition component employs a level detection circuit based on pull-up resistors and buffers. Specifically, one end of the auxiliary contact is grounded, and the other end is connected to the power supply (e.g., 3.3V) of the digital processing and counting module via a pull-up resistor, and directly connected to a GPIO pin of the microcontroller with interrupt capture functionality. When the auxiliary contact remains normally open, the GPIO pin is pulled high; when the auxiliary contact momentarily closes due to mechanical carry, the pin level is momentarily pulled low. The microcontroller identifies the occurrence of mechanical action by monitoring the level transition (falling edge) of this pin in real time.

[0059] A status feedback signal is a clear electrical pulse signal generated by the signal acquisition component and sent to the digital processing and counting module, which indicates that the mechanical counting execution unit has completed one carry action.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary contact component acts as a witness to the mechanical action, and its state changes are strictly synchronized with the physical counting results, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the feedback information. The signal acquisition component converts the on / off changes of the mechanical contacts into standard level signals that the digital system can recognize. Together, these two components establish a reliable state feedback channel between the mechanical counting execution unit and the digital processing and counting module, providing an indispensable hardware foundation for the system to achieve closed-loop control of "drive-execution-confirmation," and are a key link in ensuring the final consistency between digital and mechanical counting.

[0061] Preferably, it further includes: The closed-loop verification module is connected to the digital processing and counting module and the mechanical drive and counting module respectively. It is used to collect the status feedback signal for verification when the drive command is detected, and to obtain the mechanical counting execution result. The exception handling module is used to perform exception handling actions when no successful mechanical counting result is detected within a preset time.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, after receiving a drive command from the digital processing and counting module, the closed-loop verification module automatically starts and performs real-time monitoring and verification of the mechanical counting execution result. Its software logic is implemented within the microcontroller. Specifically, when the instruction generation unit issues a drive command, the module immediately starts a hardware timer with a preset timeout of 100 milliseconds, and simultaneously begins monitoring the level of the GPIO pin connected to the signal acquisition component of the status feedback unit. If the module successfully captures the expected level transition signal (i.e., the status feedback signal) before the timer expires, the mechanical counting execution result is determined to be successful; if no valid signal is captured before the timer expires, the mechanical counting execution result is determined to be a failure.

[0063] When the closed-loop verification module determines that the mechanical counting has failed, the exception handling module automatically triggers and executes a series of error correction and reporting logic units. This module is also implemented in the microcontroller through software programming.

[0064] Preferably, the exception handling module includes: The retry control unit is used to trigger a retry drive action when the mechanical counting execution result is a failure; The fault reporting unit is used to mark a fault and report fault information when the maximum number of retry drive actions is reached and the mechanical counting result is a failure.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset exception handling actions include a two-level response mechanism: The first-level response is executed by the retry control unit. After receiving a failure result, this unit will automatically re-trigger a complete mechanical drive process (i.e., re-issue the drive command through the instruction generation unit) and allow a limited number of retries. If the verification is successful after the retry, the system returns to normal. Otherwise, the second-level response is executed by the fault reporting unit: The fault reporting unit is activated when the verification still fails after the maximum number of retries. It sets a persistent flag bit for "mechanical counter unit fault" in the microcontroller's non-volatile memory and immediately reports the fault information, including the fault type (such as "mechanical jam") and fault timestamp, to the remote monitoring center through the communication interface.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, the closed-loop verification module implements "instruction-execution-confirmation" supervision for each mechanical counting action, bringing the uncertainty of mechanical actions within a controllable range. The anomaly handling module, building upon this, provides a progressive fault management strategy, from automatic error correction to proactive alarms. The collaborative work of these two modules significantly improves the system's robustness in the face of occasional mechanical component failures, ensures the long-term consistency between digital and mechanical counting, and greatly reduces maintenance blind spots and costs caused by latent device faults.

[0067] Please see Figure 4 The present invention provides a control method for a surge arrester lightning strike counting system applied to co-source measurement, comprising: Step 101: When a lightning strike occurs, collect the lightning current signal in real time and output the same source voltage signal.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, this step is performed by the signal acquisition module. Specifically, a single through-type current transformer connected in series with the grounding lead of the surge arrester senses the transient lightning current flowing through the surge arrester in real time through the principle of electromagnetic induction, and converts the current signal into a weak voltage signal, i.e., a voltage signal from the same source, thus ensuring the consistency of the signal from the physical source.

[0069] Step 102: Condition the same source voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, this step is performed by the signal conditioning unit within the digital processing and counting module. Specifically, the weak input voltage signal from the same source is filtered, limited, and amplified sequentially to finally output a stable and clean standard voltage signal.

[0071] Preferably, filtering refers to removing high-frequency noise through a low-pass filter circuit; Limiting refers to using a bidirectional Zener diode to restrict the signal amplitude to a safe input range for the subsequent ADC. Amplification refers to using an operational amplifier to amplify a signal to a standard range suitable for sampling.

[0072] Step 103: Sample the standard voltage signal and make a judgment based on the preset dual conditions to obtain the result of the lightning strike event.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, the validity judgment unit within the digital processing and counting module performs the following: the microcontroller's built-in ADC samples the standard voltage signal at a rate of not less than 1 MSPS to obtain its discrete waveform data. Subsequently, a logical judgment is performed based on preset dual conditions: the first condition is the amplitude condition, determining whether the signal peak value exceeds a set threshold; the second condition is the duration condition, determining whether the pulse width exceeding the threshold reaches the minimum requirement. Only when the sampled data simultaneously meets both conditions is it determined to be a valid lightning strike event, and a valid lightning strike event result is output; otherwise, it is considered interference and discarded.

[0074] Step 104: When the lightning strike event result is a valid lightning strike event, execute the digital counter action to update and generate the driving instruction.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, the counting unit and instruction generation unit within the digital processing and counting module work together to execute the operation. Specifically, when the validity judgment unit confirms validity, the digital counting unit immediately increments its internally maintained count value by 1 and uploads the updated value and timestamp via the communication interface. After the digital counting operation is completed, the instruction generation unit is triggered, controlling a GPIO pin to output a drive instruction signal with a specific pulse width and level. This instruction is used to start the mechanical counting.

[0076] Step 105: Generate pulse current according to the drive command, and count based on the pulse current.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, step 105 is executed by the mechanical drive and counting module. Specifically, after the drive signal receiving unit receives and isolates the shaping drive command, it controls the pulse current generating unit to convert the power supply voltage into a pulse current with controllable intensity and pulse width. This current flows through the coil of the electromagnetic drive unit, generating a strong electromagnetic force that drives the digit wheel of the mechanical counting execution unit to complete a carry operation, thereby realizing physical counting based on electrical pulses and ensuring that the mechanical display value and the digital count value are updated synchronously.

[0078] In this application, when lightning current flows through the grounding lead of the surge arrester, the signal acquisition module converts it into a voltage signal of the same source through the principle of electromagnetic induction and transmits it to the digital processing and counting module. The digital processing and counting module first conditions and standardizes the signal, converting it into a standard voltage signal suitable for high-speed sampling; then, the ADC unit samples the signal to obtain complete waveform data. The system's built-in dual judgment logic is activated simultaneously: the first condition performs rapid screening, and the second condition performs fine confirmation. Only when both conditions are met within a preset time window does the system finally determine it as a valid lightning strike event. After the determination takes effect, the digital processing and counting module immediately updates its internal digital counter and simultaneously sends a fixed-width, fixed-current drive command to the mechanical drive and counting module. After receiving the command, the mechanical drive and counting module's drive circuit generates a strong pulse current, driving the stepper motor or electromagnet to move, precisely pushing the mechanical digit wheel forward once through the gear set, completing one irreversible physical count. Through the coordination and mutual verification of these three stages, the deviation caused by independent measurement of the two systems is eliminated, thereby realizing the entire process of accurate capture, identification and reliable recording of lightning strike events of surge arresters.

[0079] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program; when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs a lightning arrester lightning strike counting method based on the same source measurement as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0080] The memory can be an electronic memory such as flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM, hard disk, or ROM. The memory has storage space for program code used to perform any of the method steps described above. For example, the storage space for program code may include individual program codes for implementing the various steps in the methods described above. This program code can be read from or written to one or more computer program products. These computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, compact discs (CDs), memory cards, or floppy disks. The program code may be compressed, for example, in a suitable form. When run by a computing processing device, this code causes the computing processing device to perform the various steps in the methods described above.

[0081] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed, implements a lightning arrester lightning strike counting method based on co-source measurement as described in any embodiment of this invention.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0083] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0084] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0085] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0086] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0087] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement, characterized in that, include: The signal acquisition module is used to acquire lightning current signals and output voltage signals from the same source. A digital processing and counting module, connected to the signal acquisition module, is used to condition the same source voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal; sample the standard voltage signal and judge it based on preset dual conditions to obtain the lightning strike event result; when the lightning strike event result is a valid lightning strike event, execute a digital counting action to update and generate a drive command. A mechanical drive and counting module, connected to the digital processing and counting module, is used to generate pulse current according to the drive command and to count based on the pulse current.

2. The surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module includes: A current transformer unit, connected in series with the surge arrester, is used to acquire the lightning current signal of the surge arrester in real time when a lightning strike occurs. The signal conversion unit is used to convert the lightning current signal into a voltage signal as a common source measurement signal.

3. The surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital processing and counting module includes: The signal conditioning unit is used to filter, limit, and amplify the same source voltage signal to obtain a standard voltage signal. The validity determination unit is used to perform AD sampling on the standard voltage signal and make a judgment based on preset dual conditions to obtain the result of the lightning strike event; A digital counting unit is used to update and upload the digital count value when the result of the lightning strike event is determined to be a valid lightning strike event. The instruction generation unit is used to generate a driving instruction after the digital count value is uploaded.

4. The surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical drive and counting module includes: A drive signal receiving unit is used to receive the drive command; A pulse current generation unit is used to convert the power supply voltage into a pulse current according to the drive command; An electromagnetic drive unit is used to generate electromagnetic driving force through the pulsed current; A mechanical counting execution unit is used to perform carry operations through the electromagnetic driving force to complete mechanical counting; The status feedback unit is used to generate a status feedback signal when the carry operation is completed.

5. The surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that, The status feedback unit includes: The auxiliary contact assembly is located inside the mechanical counting execution unit and changes its on / off state as the mechanical digit wheel moves forward. The signal acquisition component is used to monitor the changes in the on / off state in real time and send the state feedback signal to the digital processing and counting module.

6. The surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The closed-loop verification module is connected to the digital processing and counting module and the mechanical drive and counting module respectively. It is used to collect the status feedback signal for verification when a drive command is detected, and obtain the mechanical counting execution result. An exception handling module is used to perform exception handling actions when the mechanical counting execution result is not detected as successful within a preset time.

7. The surge arrester lightning strike counting system based on co-source measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that, The exception handling module includes: A retry control unit is used to trigger a retry drive action when the mechanical counting execution result is a failure; The fault reporting unit is used to mark a fault and report fault information when the retry drive action reaches the maximum number of times and the mechanical counting execution result is a failure.

8. A method for counting lightning strikes on a surge arrester using a method based on the same source measurement, characterized in that, The lightning strike counting system for surge arresters, applied to the same-source measurement method according to any one of claims 1-7, comprises: When a lightning strike occurs, the lightning current signal is collected in real time and the same source voltage signal is output. The original voltage signals are conditioned to obtain a standard voltage signal; The standard voltage signal is sampled, and a judgment is made based on preset dual conditions to obtain the result of the lightning strike event; When the lightning strike event result is a valid lightning strike event, a digital counter action is performed to update the count and generate a driving instruction. A pulse current is generated according to the driving command, and a count is performed based on the pulse current.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to perform the steps of the surge arrester lightning strike counting method of the same source measurement as described in claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed, it implements the lightning strike counting method for surge arresters based on the same source measurement as described in claim 8.

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