Submarine cable fault positioning device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cable fault positioning, in particular to a submarine cable fault positioning device and method. The method comprises the following steps: installing a plurality of sensors in a submarine cable, collecting signal data in the submarine cable through the plurality of sensors, and sorting the collected signal data to obtain optical fiber signal data; analyzing the optical fiber signal data to obtain an abnormal optical fiber interval, signal abnormal data and optical fiber abnormal data; respectively analyzing the signal abnormal data and the optical fiber abnormal data to obtain a cable fault section and a fault abnormal signal; and analyzing the abnormal optical fiber interval, the fault abnormal signal and the cable fault interval to obtain an abnormal cable signal, a fault positioning coordinate and a fault abnormal value, and performing maintenance management on the submarine cable through the abnormal cable signal, the fault positioning coordinate and the fault abnormal value. The precision of the fault positioning method can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable fault location, and specifically to a device and method for locating faults in submarine cables. Background Technology

[0002] With the global emphasis on green energy, projects such as offshore wind power, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission, and transnational power interconnection are developing rapidly, leading to a significant increase in the number and coverage of submarine cables. Submarine cables serve as critical infrastructure for transoceanic communication, offshore wind power grid connection, and long-distance power transmission, and are widely used in various important scenarios including communications, energy, and military applications. As the scale of application continues to expand, the stability and reliability of submarine cable systems are receiving increasing attention. Common methods for submarine cable fault detection and location include time-domain reflectometry (TDR), frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR), pulse current method, AC bridge method, and distributed fiber optic temperature / vibration sensing technologies (such as DTS and DAS).

[0003] The seabed environment is complex and changeable, with external factors such as geological movements, seawater corrosion, anchor drag, and biological damage making submarine cables prone to failure, such as short circuits, open circuits, poor grounding, and cable sheath damage. Common fault location methods have low accuracy, which affects the efficiency of cable fault repair. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a submarine cable fault location device and method to solve the problem of low accuracy and reduced efficiency of cable fault repair in common submarine cable fault location methods in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A method for locating faults in submarine cables includes the following steps: S1, collect and process signal data from multiple sensors to obtain fiber optic signal data, wherein the sensors are installed in a submarine cable; S2, perform time logic verification on the fiber optic signal data. If it does not conform to the time logic, it is set as an abnormal fiber optic interval. If it conforms to the time logic, based on the signal waveform repeatability analysis, the fiber optic abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is lower than the signal bundle value, and the signal abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is higher than the signal bundle value. Fault feature extraction is performed on the fiber optic abnormal data and the signal abnormal data respectively to obtain the cable fault interval and fault abnormal signal. S3, comprehensively analyze the abnormal fiber optic section, cable fault section and fault abnormal signal to obtain abnormal cable signal, fault location coordinates and fault abnormal value, and then carry out maintenance and management of submarine cable until the cable is normal.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention is that: Preferably, in S1, the signal data includes a monitoring number, a sensor number, signal data, and a collection time; the fiber optic signal data is obtained by grouping signal data with the same sensor number and combining them in order of monitoring number, and setting monitoring points at each collection time, marking the monitoring number to the corresponding monitoring point.

[0007] Preferably, in S2, the method for verifying the time logic is to check whether the collection time corresponding to each monitoring point on the same optical fiber increases sequentially in ascending order of the monitoring group number. If the increasing order is not met, it is determined that the time logic is not met.

[0008] Preferably, in S2, the process based on signal waveform repeatability analysis is as follows: obtain complex analytical signals through Hilbert transform, compare whether the complex analytical signals between monitoring sites with the same monitoring number are the same, count the number of signals with the same waveform, and compare them with the preset signal beam value.

[0009] Preferably, in S2, the process of extracting fault features from the optical fiber anomaly data is as follows: setting the sliding window length, traversing the signal data, identifying local maximum values ​​and generating fault location lines, and marking the peaks of the fault location lines as cable fault intervals.

[0010] Preferably, in S2, the process of extracting fault features from the abnormal signal data is as follows: calculate the instantaneous envelope of the complex analytical signal, and identify the signal segment corresponding to the envelope peak as the fault abnormal signal.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, the step of obtaining the fault location coordinates and fault anomaly values ​​includes: The abnormal fiber optic sections are numbered and analyzed to generate abnormal cable signals; Time difference calculation is performed on the cable fault section, and the fault location coordinates and fault anomaly values ​​are obtained by combining signal propagation speed and GIS methods. The propagation time difference of fault and abnormal signals is calculated. Through the fault diagnosis model, fault feature data is extracted, the fault type and fault location coordinates are output, and the fault anomaly value is calculated.

[0012] A submarine cable fault location device, comprising: The data acquisition and analysis module is used to collect and process signal data from multiple sensors to obtain fiber optic signal data. The sensors are installed in the submarine cable. The fault location module is used to perform time logic verification on the fiber optic signal data. If it does not conform to the time logic, it is set as an abnormal fiber optic interval. If it conforms to the time logic, based on the signal waveform repeatability analysis, the fiber optic abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is lower than the signal bundle value, and the signal abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is higher than the signal bundle value. Fault features are extracted from the fiber optic abnormal data and the signal abnormal data respectively to obtain the cable fault interval and fault abnormal signal. The maintenance module is used to comprehensively analyze the abnormal fiber optic sections, cable fault sections, and fault abnormal signals to obtain abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault abnormal values, and then to maintain and manage the submarine cable until the cable is normal.

[0013] A computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the submarine cable fault location method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0014] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the submarine cable fault location method described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses a method for locating faults in submarine cables. The method involves installing multiple sensors within the submarine cable to collect signal data. The collected signal data is then processed to obtain fiber optic signal data. This data is analyzed to identify abnormal fiber optic sections, abnormal signal data, and abnormal fiber optic data. Further analysis of the abnormal signal and fiber optic data reveals cable fault sections and abnormal fault signals. Further analysis of the abnormal fiber optic sections, abnormal fault signals, and cable fault sections yields abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and abnormal fault values. These factors are then used for the maintenance and management of the submarine cable, improving the accuracy of fault location methods and increasing the efficiency of cable fault repair.

[0016] This invention constructs a spatialized and temporally sequenced signal acquisition network by deploying multiple sets of sensors within the submarine cable. First, it performs time-logic verification on the fiber optic signal data to eliminate false anomalies such as sensor malfunctions and data acquisition errors. Then, it obtains complex analytical signals through Hilbert transform to achieve accurate comparison of signal waveforms. Combining signal propagation speed with a GIS geographic information system, it performs latitude and longitude coordinate interpolation calculations for the fault point. Simultaneously, it distinguishes between fault density anomalies and fault energy anomalies in the cable fault zone. By considering spatial location, fault density, and damage intensity, it achieves fault location from multiple dimensions, effectively solving the problems of traditional methods that can only roughly determine the fault section and have large location errors, thus significantly improving the accuracy and precision of submarine cable fault location. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the submarine cable fault location method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor arrangement according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fault location process in the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0019] The method provided in this application can be applied to mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices, in-vehicle devices, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) devices, laptops, and ultra-mobile personal computers. In this application, the specific type of terminal device is not limited to terminal devices such as mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, and personal digital assistants (PDAs).

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0021] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a method for locating faults in submarine cables, comprising the following steps: S1. Install multiple sensors inside the submarine cable to collect signal data inside the submarine cable, and process the collected signal data to obtain fiber optic signal data. It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, multiple sensors are installed inside the submarine cable to collect signal data from within the cable. The process of processing the collected signal data to obtain fiber optic signal data is as follows: Several monitoring groups were set up inside the submarine cable, and each monitoring group was assigned a number. , , ... Where 'a' is a natural number greater than 0, the monitoring groups within the submarine cable are evenly distributed at fixed intervals, and multiple sensors are installed within each monitoring group, with each sensor assigned a number. , , ... Where b is a natural number greater than 0; the sensor refers to a signal receiving sensor, which is used to collect reflected signal data within the cable passing through the monitoring group's location when an excitation signal is injected into the shore end of the submarine cable. Sensors within the same monitoring group can be installed on different optical fibers.

[0022] Further explanation is needed regarding the detailed process of installing multiple sensors at each monitoring point during implementation: Multiple sensors are installed at the location of each monitoring group, i.e., at the cross-sectional location of the submarine cable, to monitor the signal reception of the optical fibers inside the submarine cable. The sensor number 'b' essentially refers to the optical fiber number. If the 'b' in the numbers of sensors at different cross-sections is the same, it indicates that the sensors with the same 'b' are monitoring the same optical fiber. Raw signal data from within the submarine cable is collected through multiple sensors. The raw signal data from each sensor includes at least the monitoring number, signal data, and collection time. The monitoring number includes the monitoring group number and the sensor number; the monitoring group number is 'a'; the sensor number is 'b', and the signal data is the collected signal waveform.

[0023] The collected signal data is organized by grouping data from the same sensor with the same sensor number together, identifying them as data from the same optical fiber, and labeling them as signal group data. The signal data within each corresponding signal group are then combined in ascending order of the monitoring group number. Monitoring points are set at each collection time of the signal data, and the monitoring number is marked on the corresponding monitoring point. This process constructs structured data containing both temporal and spatial dimensions, thus obtaining the optical fiber signal data. Through this process, monitoring numbers are mapped to corresponding signal collection times (monitoring points).

[0024] S2. Analyze the fiber optic signal data to obtain abnormal fiber optic sections, abnormal signal data, and abnormal fiber optic data; analyze the abnormal signal data and abnormal fiber optic data respectively to obtain cable fault sections and fault abnormal signals. It should be further explained that the above process includes the following steps: S201: Analyze the fiber optic signal data. Combine the collection time of the signal group data to observe whether the fiber optic signal data conforms to the time logic. If it does not conform to the time logic, obtain the numbered interval that does not conform to the time logic and record it as the abnormal fiber optic interval. Then execute S3.

[0025] In this process, the method for determining whether the optical fiber conforms to the time logic is as follows: First, all the monitoring sites corresponding to the optical fiber are extracted from the optical fiber signal data. In the order of the monitoring group numbers from small to large (that is, from the proximal end to the distal end), the collection times corresponding to each monitoring site are read in sequence, and it is checked whether the time series composed of the collection times increases sequentially, that is, it is checked whether the time series on the same optical fiber satisfies tx1 < tx2 < tx2… < txa. If it is satisfied, it is marked as conforming to the time logic, otherwise it is marked as not conforming to the time logic. In this process, usually the signal is injected from the shore end, and the signal propagates in the optical fiber at a fixed speed. The monitoring group closer to the shore end should receive the signal earlier; the monitoring group farther from the shore end should receive the signal later. If it does not conform to the time logic, the possible problems may be sensor failure, data acquisition disorder or physical abnormality.

[0026] S202, if it conforms to the time logic, analyze the optical fiber signal data that conforms to the time logic. Through the monitoring numbers of the monitoring sites, align the monitoring sites with the same monitoring numbers in the optical fiber signal data, and respectively extract the envelopes of the signal data between each monitoring site. Use the Hilbert transform to convert the real-valued signal into a complex analytic signal. The complex analytic signal is: , where is the original real-valued signal, is the imaginary unit, is the Hilbert transform; through the complex analytic signals between each monitoring site, compare the monitoring sites with the same monitoring numbers to obtain the number of the same complex analytic signals , which is recorded as the optical fiber signal quantity.

[0027] Under normal circumstances, if the optical fiber state is stable and the environment is quiet, the signal waveforms collected each time are random and different, that is, the number of the same complex analytic signals is 0 or 1. If it is 1, it is an accidental situation. Once the same occurs, that is, the complex analytic signal is greater than 0, it is determined that there is a repeated signal, and the signal beam value is recorded at this time.

[0028] Set the signal beam value as a preset quantity threshold, which is used to judge the number of signals with the same waveform (the same complex analytic signals in multiple monitors with the same monitoring number (that is, at the same position)) that appears, whether it is within the normal fluctuation range or has constituted an abnormality that needs attention.

[0029] If the optical fiber signal quantity is less than the signal beam value, obtain the monitoring sites, and record the monitoring sites, the complex analytic signals and the signal data as the optical fiber abnormal data; If the number of fiber optic signals is greater than or equal to the signal bundle value, then the sensor number and monitoring number corresponding to the remaining complex analytical signals are counted, and the complex analytical signals, sensor numbers and monitoring numbers are recorded as signal abnormal data. In the above process, when a specific waveform appears infrequently (less than the signal beam value), it indicates that the waveform lacks universality and repeatability. Possible causes include poor sensor contact or decreased sensitivity, intermittent fiber optic cable faults at that location, or the location being on the verge of a fault (although a stable fault waveform hasn't yet formed, instability is already evident). Therefore, there may be an anomaly in the sensor or the physical hardware at that location, and this data is recorded as fiber optic anomaly data. Conversely, when a specific waveform appears frequently (greater than or equal to the signal beam value), it indicates that the waveform is not randomly generated but rather a regular, repetitive phenomenon. This suggests the presence of a continuous vibration source, periodic discharge or leakage, or a fixed reflection point. In this case, it is determined that the cable itself has a continuous physical fault, and this repetitive waveform (complex analytical signal) is recorded as signal anomaly data.

[0030] S203, analyze the fiber optic anomaly data; set the sliding window length to D, traverse the signal data, traverse the maximum value in each window, and interpolate or smooth the local maximum value in each window to form a fault location line, identify and mark the peak of the fault location line, and record it as the cable fault interval. The abnormal signal data is analyzed, and the instantaneous amplitude of the complex analytic signal is calculated as the envelope. The envelope is... ; envelope The expression is represented on the coordinate axis, and the signal segment corresponding to the envelope peak is identified and marked as the fault abnormal signal.

[0031] In submarine cable fault diagnosis, the necessity of comprehensively analyzing both the cable fault range and fault anomaly signals stems from the heterogeneity of their corresponding fault attributes and their complementary diagnostic functions. The cable fault range originates from the analysis of fiber optic anomaly data, primarily pointing to hardware anomalies in the acquisition link, such as sensor failure or connector loss. This addresses the reliability of monitoring points and the spatial location of the fault. Fault anomaly signals, on the other hand, originate from the time-frequency analysis of signal anomaly data, primarily pointing to structural damage to the cable itself, such as breakpoints, vibration, or leakage. Waveform envelope and feature extraction are used to diagnose the nature of the fault and its precise distance. Since their physical origins differ, a single dimension cannot cover the complete fault type. Without range localization, sparse sensor distribution may lead to missed diagnoses; without signal analysis, accurate repair cannot be guided. More importantly, cross-validation in the spatial and transform domains can effectively distinguish between false anomalies caused by sensor failures and genuine cable damage, avoiding false alarms. It also fully captures the causal chain in complex fault scenarios (such as anchor damage simultaneously damaging sensors and optical fibers), ensuring precise matching between hardware inspection and cable repair in maintenance operations. Therefore, the combined application of cable fault range and fault anomaly signal is essentially a collaborative estimation of spatial positioning and property diagnosis. It is a key technical path to ensure low false alarm rate and low false alarm rate of submarine cable monitoring system and support differentiated maintenance decision-making.

[0032] S3. Analyze abnormal fiber optic sections, fault signals, and cable fault sections to obtain abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault anomaly values. Use these data to maintain and manage submarine cables.

[0033] It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, abnormal fiber optic sections, fault signals, and cable fault sections are analyzed to obtain abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault anomaly values. The process of maintaining and managing submarine cables using abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault anomaly values ​​is as follows: The abnormal fiber optic sections are analyzed, and the location of the abnormal fiber optics is determined by the numbering interval of the abnormal fiber optic sections, thereby generating abnormal cable signals. The cable fault section is analyzed to obtain the time difference between the excitation signal and the reflected signal within the fault section. The product of the time difference and the signal propagation speed is multiplied by 2 to calculate the fault location. Using GIS (Geographic Information System) technology, the fault location is analyzed to obtain the fault location coordinates. The number of fault location coordinates with the same sensor number is also obtained. The ratio of the number of obtained fault location coordinates to the distance corresponding to the cable fault section is calculated to obtain the fault anomaly value. This fault anomaly value quantifies the density of faults per unit length; a higher fault anomaly value indicates a higher density of faults per unit length of cable, requiring priority maintenance. The specific steps of this process are as follows: (1) Determine the distance to the fault point For each wave peak (i.e., suspected fault point) within the cable fault range, extract the excitation signal transmission time corresponding to that wave peak. t 0 and the time of receiving reflected signals t 1. Calculate the time difference Δ t = t 1 -t 0. Based on the speed of signal propagation in optical fiber. v (Given constants, usually the reduced value of the speed of light in the optical fiber), calculate the distance from the fault point to the signal injection end. L :

[0034] This distance L This indicates the length along the cable path from the fault point to the test end.

[0035] (2) Map the geographical coordinates of the fault point Obtain detailed geographic information data of the submarine cable route (e.g., a sequence of cable route point coordinates obtained from design drawings or survey data, with each route point corresponding to a distance value along the cable route). s and latitude and longitude coordinates ( lon , lat )).

[0036] For the distance calculated in step (1) L Find the distance value in the path point sequence. s i and s i+1 satisfy s i ≤ L ≤ s i+1 The geographical coordinates of the fault point are calculated by linear interpolation from two adjacent path points. lon f , lat f ):

[0037]

[0038] The calculated ( lonf , latf The coordinates of the fault location are used as the fault location coordinates, and the coordinates and the corresponding sensor number are stored. b Information such as fault zone identifiers.

[0039] (3) Count the number of fault points on the same optical fiber. For the same sensor number b For all fault points along the same optical fiber, count the total number of fault location coordinates. N .

[0040] (4) Calculate fault anomaly values Obtain the sensor number b The actual length of the corresponding cable fault section D ,in D Distance from the starting point of the fault zone can be used. L start Distance to the finish line L end The calculation shows that: D = L end L start .

[0041] Calculate fault outliers E : E = D / N This value represents the number of fault points per unit length (e.g., per kilometer), expressed in units per kilometer.

[0042] (5) Application of fault abnormal values Fault abnormal value E This reflects the spatial density of the faults; E A higher value indicates more fault points per unit length of the cable, a higher fault concentration, and therefore, maintenance resources should be prioritized for handling these faults. E As one of the indicators for prioritizing maintenance, it is used in conjunction with factors such as fault type and fault severity for decision-making.

[0043] The process involves analyzing fault anomaly signals, calculating their propagation time difference, multiplying the time difference by the signal propagation speed, and then dividing the product by 2 to obtain the fault distance. A fault diagnosis model is constructed to acquire the maximum envelope amplitude, envelope energy distribution, peak interval, number of peaks, peak time sequence, and envelope shape characteristics corresponding to the fault anomaly signal. These are recorded as fault feature data. Deep learning is used to input this fault feature data into the fault diagnosis model through time-series signal data analysis, outputting the fault type. GIS technology is used to analyze the fault distance, obtaining fault location coordinates, fault location distances, and corresponding envelope amplitudes. The fault location distances of the same sensor are multiplied by their corresponding envelope amplitudes to obtain the fault anomaly value. This fault anomaly value, calculated by comparing the fault location distance with its corresponding envelope amplitude, quantifies the spatial concentration of energy carried by the fault point, thereby assessing the destructive intensity or hazard level of the fault.

[0044] The specific steps of this process are as follows: (1) Determine the distance to the fault point For each fault / abnormal signal, extract the corresponding excitation signal transmission time. t 0 and the time of receiving reflected signals t 1. Calculate the time difference Δ t = t 1 -t 0. Based on the speed of signal propagation in optical fiber. v Calculate the distance from the fault point to the signal injection end. L :

[0045] This distance L This indicates the length along the cable path from the fault point to the test end.

[0046] (2) Extracting fault feature data The feature vector is composed of the maximum envelope amplitude, envelope energy distribution, peak spacing, number of peaks, peak time sequence, and envelope shape features, which serves as the input to the subsequent deep learning model.

[0047] (3) Construct a fault diagnosis model and identify fault types Construct a fault diagnosis model based on deep learning. The model can employ a convolutional neural network (CNN), a long short-term memory network (LSTM), or a hybrid structure thereof. The input to the model can be: the raw time-series data of the fault anomaly signal (after normalization); or the feature vector extracted in step 2.

[0048] The model outputs fault types, including at least common submarine cable fault categories such as short circuit, open circuit, poor grounding, sheath damage, and external interference.

[0049] The model needs to be trained in advance using a large amount of sample data with known fault types. During training, the cross-entropy loss function and optimization algorithm (such as Adam) are used to ensure classification accuracy.

[0050] For each fault or abnormal signal to be analyzed, it is input into the trained model to obtain the corresponding fault type label.

[0051] (4) Map the geographical coordinates of the fault point Obtain detailed geographic information data of the submarine cable path (i.e., a mapping table of distances along the cable path to latitude and longitude coordinates). For the distance L calculated in step (1), find two adjacent points in the path point sequence. s i , lon i , lat i )and( s i+1 , lon i+1 , lat i+1 ),satisfy s i ≤ L ≤ s i+1 The geographical coordinates of the fault point are calculated by linear interpolation, for example ( lon f , lat f ):

[0052]

[0053] The calculated ( lonf , latf The coordinates of the fault location are used as the fault location coordinates, and associated with the corresponding sensor number. b Fault distance L Information such as fault type and envelope amplitude.

[0054] (5) Calculate fault anomaly values For the same sensor number b All fault points on the same optical fiber (i.e., according to the distance from the fault) L Sort the fault points in ascending order to obtain the sorted fault point sequence. P 1, P 2,…, P m Each point P i There is a corresponding distance Li and maximum envelope amplitude A i .

[0055] Define fault location spacing d i The distance along the cable path between adjacent fault points: for i =1 (first fault point), take d 1= L 1 (i.e., the distance from the cable start point to the first fault point); for i ≥2, take d i = L i L i 1 (i.e., the distance from the previous fault point).

[0056] Define the corresponding envelope amplitude as the representative amplitude value within the area covered by this spacing: for i =1, take ; for i ≥2, take (i.e., the average value of the amplitude of two adjacent fault points), or the maximum or minimum value of the two can be taken. In this embodiment, the average value is preferred.

[0057] Calculate the fault anomaly value corresponding to each spacing. E i :

[0058] pass E i It can reflect the density and energy intensity of fault points on this section of cable; the specific spacing is as small as d. i Small in size, but potentially large in magnitude, it can quantify the spatial concentration and destructive potential of faults. E i The larger the value, the more concentrated the fault energy is in that area, and the higher the hazard level.

[0059] The maintenance and management of submarine cables are carried out by using abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault anomaly values. When an abnormal cable signal is received, the time from the transmission of the abnormal cable signal to the reception of the signal is obtained. The time is multiplied by the signal transmission rate to calculate the abnormal distance. The abnormal distance is analyzed by GIS technology to obtain the abnormal location coordinates. The abnormal location coordinates are sent to the maintenance personnel, who are then dispatched to the location of the abnormal location coordinates to attribute the cable anomaly and perform cable maintenance. Analyze the fault location coordinates to obtain the fault location coordinates corresponding to the same sensor number, extract the nearest fault location coordinates, and send the nearest fault location coordinates and their fault anomalies to maintenance personnel. Dispatch maintenance personnel to the fault location coordinates and perform repairs based on the corresponding fault type until the cable is normal. Then, re-detect the faults for the remaining fault coordinates corresponding to the same sensor number, update the fault location coordinates, and maintain the updated nearest fault location coordinates. Repeat the above steps until no fault location coordinates are generated.

[0060] Example 2: The submarine cable fault location device proposed in this invention is applied to the submarine cable fault location method described in Example 1. Specifically, it includes a management center, which is communicatively connected to a data acquisition and analysis module, a fault location module, and a maintenance module. The data acquisition and analysis module is used to install multiple sensors inside the submarine cable, collect signal data inside the submarine cable through multiple sensors, and process the collected signal data to obtain fiber optic signal data. The fault location module is used to analyze fiber optic signal data to obtain abnormal fiber optic sections, abnormal signal data, and abnormal fiber optic data; and to analyze the abnormal signal data and abnormal fiber optic data respectively to obtain cable fault sections and fault signals. The maintenance module is used to analyze abnormal fiber optic sections, fault signals, and cable fault sections to obtain abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault anomaly values. Based on these data, the submarine cable is maintained and managed.

[0061] A third aspect of this invention discloses a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor executes the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing and control core of the terminal, suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions to implement a corresponding method flow or corresponding function. The processor described in this embodiment can be used to implement… A method for locating faults in submarine cables includes the following steps: S1, collecting and organizing signal data from multiple sensors to obtain fiber optic signal data, wherein the sensors are installed in the submarine cable; S2, performing time logic verification on the fiber optic signal data, and setting any data that does not conform to the time logic as an abnormal fiber optic interval; if the data conforms to the time logic, based on signal waveform repeatability analysis, setting data with a repeating signal count lower than the signal bundle value as abnormal fiber optic data, and setting data with a repeating signal count higher than the signal bundle value as abnormal signal data; extracting fault features from the abnormal fiber optic data and the abnormal signal data to obtain cable fault intervals and fault abnormal signals; S3, comprehensively analyzing the abnormal fiber optic intervals, cable fault intervals, and fault abnormal signals to obtain abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault abnormal values, thereby enabling maintenance and management of the submarine cable until the cable is normal. A fourth aspect of this invention discloses a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a terminal device used to store programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both the built-in storage medium in the terminal device and extended storage media supported by the terminal device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space that stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, the storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor, which can be one or more computer programs (including program code). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. A processor can load and execute one or more instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium to implement a submarine cable fault location method in the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: S1, collecting and organizing signal data from multiple sensors to obtain fiber optic signal data, wherein the sensors are installed in the submarine cable; S2, performing time logic verification on the fiber optic signal data, and setting an abnormal fiber optic interval if it does not conform to the time logic; if it conforms to the time logic, based on signal waveform repeatability analysis, setting fiber optic abnormal data if the number of repeated signals is lower than the signal bundle value, and setting signal abnormal data if the number of repeated signals is higher than the signal bundle value; extracting fault features from the fiber optic abnormal data and the signal abnormal data respectively to obtain cable fault intervals and fault abnormal signals; S3, performing comprehensive analysis on the abnormal fiber optic intervals, cable fault intervals, and fault abnormal signals to obtain abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault abnormal values, thereby performing maintenance and management of the submarine cable until the cable is normal.

[0062] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0063] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0064] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating faults in submarine cables, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, collect and process signal data from multiple sensors to obtain fiber optic signal data, wherein the sensors are installed in a submarine cable; S2, perform time logic verification on the fiber optic signal data. If it does not conform to the time logic, it is set as an abnormal fiber optic interval. If it conforms to the time logic, based on the signal waveform repeatability analysis, the fiber optic abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is lower than the signal bundle value, and the signal abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is higher than the signal bundle value. Fault feature extraction is performed on the fiber optic abnormal data and the signal abnormal data respectively to obtain the cable fault interval and fault abnormal signal. S3, comprehensively analyze the abnormal fiber optic section, cable fault section and fault abnormal signal to obtain abnormal cable signal, fault location coordinates and fault abnormal value, and then carry out maintenance and management of submarine cable until the cable is normal.

2. The method for locating faults in submarine cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the signal data includes monitoring number, sensor number, signal data, and collection time; the fiber optic signal data is obtained by grouping signal data with the same sensor number and combining them in order of monitoring number, and setting monitoring points at each collection time, marking the monitoring number to the corresponding monitoring point.

3. The method for locating faults in submarine cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the method for verifying the time logic is to check whether the collection time corresponding to each monitoring point on the same optical fiber increases sequentially in ascending order of the monitoring group number. If the increasing order is not met, it is determined that the time logic is not met.

4. The method for locating faults in submarine cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the process based on signal waveform repeatability analysis is as follows: obtain complex analytical signals through Hilbert transform, compare whether the complex analytical signals between monitoring sites with the same monitoring number are the same, count the number of signals with the same waveform, and compare them with the preset signal beam value.

5. The method for locating faults in submarine cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the process of extracting fault features from the optical fiber anomaly data is as follows: set the sliding window length, traverse the signal data, identify local maximum values ​​and generate fault location lines, and mark the peaks of the fault location lines as cable fault intervals.

6. The method for locating faults in submarine cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the process of extracting fault features from the abnormal signal data is as follows: calculate the instantaneous envelope of the complex analytical signal, and identify the signal segment corresponding to the envelope peak as the fault abnormal signal.

7. The method for locating faults in submarine cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the steps of obtaining the fault location coordinates and fault anomaly values ​​include: The abnormal fiber optic sections are numbered and analyzed to generate abnormal cable signals; Time difference calculation is performed on the cable fault section, and the fault location coordinates and fault anomaly values ​​are obtained by combining signal propagation speed and GIS methods. The propagation time difference of fault and abnormal signals is calculated. Through the fault diagnosis model, fault feature data is extracted, the fault type and fault location coordinates are output, and the fault anomaly value is calculated.

8. A submarine cable fault location device, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition and analysis module is used to collect and process signal data from multiple sensors to obtain fiber optic signal data. The sensors are installed in the submarine cable. The fault location module is used to perform time logic verification on the fiber optic signal data. If it does not conform to the time logic, it is set as an abnormal fiber optic interval. If it conforms to the time logic, based on the signal waveform repeatability analysis, the fiber optic abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is lower than the signal bundle value, and the signal abnormal data is set when the number of repeated signals is higher than the signal bundle value. Fault features are extracted from the fiber optic abnormal data and the signal abnormal data respectively to obtain the cable fault interval and fault abnormal signal. The maintenance module is used to comprehensively analyze the abnormal fiber optic sections, cable fault sections, and fault abnormal signals to obtain abnormal cable signals, fault location coordinates, and fault abnormal values, and then to maintain and manage the submarine cable until the cable is normal.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the submarine cable fault location method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the submarine cable fault location method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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