Method and controller for controlling a converter device, and conversion system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a controller for controlling converter equipment, and a conversion system comprising the controller. The method comprises: acquiring a first measurement signal indicative of a first voltage input from a power source to the converter device in a first mode of operation of the converter device in which at least one power switch of the converter device switches between an on state and an off state; comparing the first voltage with a first threshold; and in response to the first voltage being above the first threshold, controlling the converter device to change from the first operating mode to a second operating mode of the converter device in which the at least one power switch of the converter device is switched to an off state. Embodiments of the present disclosure can effectively reduce or eliminate overstress of a power switch in a converter without additional cost and loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of this disclosure generally relate to power electronics, and more specifically to a method and controller for controlling a converter device, and a conversion system including the controller. Background Technology

[0002] Power electronic converters are widely used in the power industry and other industrial sectors. They can perform power conversion as needed to provide AC and / or DC power or suitable voltage and / or current to various loads. Power electronic converters typically include one or more power switching devices or power switching transistors, and the desired power conversion can be achieved by controlling the switching on and off of these devices or transistors.

[0003] During converter operation, power switching devices or power switching transistors frequently experience overstress. For example, when a power switching transistor switches from on to off, the voltage stress across the transistor can increase dramatically to unsafe levels, potentially causing the transistor to crack or break. Traditional solutions add additional passive or active components to the converter to achieve soft switching of the power switching devices or power switching transistors. However, introducing these additional components increases losses and costs. Furthermore, in some cases, overstress issues persist with traditional solutions, leading to device failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this disclosure provide a method and controller for controlling a converter device, and a conversion system including the controller.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for controlling a converter device is provided. The method includes: acquiring a first measurement signal indicating a first voltage from a power input to the converter device in a first operating mode of the converter device, wherein at least one power switch of the converter device switches between an on state and an off state in the first operating mode; comparing the first voltage with a first threshold; and, in response to the first voltage being higher than the first threshold, controlling the converter device to change from the first operating mode to a second operating mode of the converter device, wherein at least one power switch of the converter device is switched to an off state in the second operating mode.

[0006] In some embodiments, the method further includes: acquiring a second measurement signal indicating a second voltage from a power input to a converter device in a second operating mode; comparing the second voltage with a second threshold; and controlling the converter device to change back from the second operating mode to a first operating mode in response to the second voltage being lower than the second threshold.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method further includes: controlling the converter device to operate in a first operating mode in response to a first voltage being lower than a first threshold.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method further includes: controlling the converter device to operate in a second operating mode in response to a second voltage being higher than a second threshold.

[0009] In some embodiments, in a first operating mode, at least one power switch is controlled using a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the second operating mode, all power switches in the converter device are turned off and are in the off state.

[0011] In some embodiments, the converter device includes at least one of a DC-DC converter, an AC-DC converter, and a DC-AC converter.

[0012] In a second aspect, a controller for controlling a converter device is provided. The controller includes: at least one processing unit; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processing unit and storing instructions executable by the at least one processing unit, which, when executed by the at least one processing unit, cause the device to perform the method according to the first aspect.

[0013] In a third aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable program instructions that, when executed by a processing unit, cause the processing unit to perform the method according to the first aspect.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a conversion system is provided. The conversion system includes: a converter device; and a controller according to the second aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings described herein are provided to further explain this disclosure and form part of this disclosure. The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and their explanations are used to explain this disclosure and not to unduly limit it.

[0016] Figure 1 The illustration shows a conversion system, power supply, and load according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a conversion system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0018] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a converter device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure 4A flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a converter device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 5 The figure shows the waveforms of the input voltage and the voltage across the power switch in a conversion system using a conventional method.

[0021] Figure 6 The figure shows waveforms of the measurement signal, input voltage, and voltage across the power switch of the conversion system employing the improved method of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic block diagram of an example device suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar elements. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The principles of this disclosure will now be described with reference to several exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are illustrated in the drawings, it should be understood that the embodiments are described only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement this disclosure, and not to limit the scope of this disclosure in any way.

[0025] The terms “comprising” or “including” and variations thereof should be understood as open terms meaning “including but not limited to”. Unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise, the term “or” should be understood as “and / or”. The term “based on” should be understood as “at least partially based on”. The term “operable to” refers to a function, action, movement, or state that can be realized by operation caused by a user or external mechanism. The terms “one embodiment” and “embodiment” should be understood as “at least one embodiment”. The term “another embodiment” should be understood as “at least one other embodiment”, and the terms “first,” “second,” etc., can refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may be included below. Unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise, the definitions of terms are consistent throughout the specification.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms “installation,” “connection,” “support,” and “coupling,” and their variations, are used extensively and cover both direct and indirect installation, connection, support, and coupling. Furthermore, “connection” and “coupling” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings. In the following description, the same reference numerals and labels are used to describe the same, similar, or corresponding parts in the figures. Other explicit and implicit definitions may be included below.

[0027] As mentioned above, overstress can damage equipment in power converters. To reduce switching stress, conventional converters require the introduction of additional passive and / or active components, such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, and / or switching transistors. These additional components lead to losses and increased costs, and in some cases, such as in the presence of voltage surges, the overstress problem remains unresolved.

[0028] According to embodiments of this disclosure, an improved solution for controlling a converter device is proposed. In this improved solution, the input voltage of the converter is detected, and in the event of a high surge voltage, the converter will temporarily shut down. Therefore, overstress in the converter is effectively reduced or eliminated without adding additional passive and active components. Since the duration of the surge voltage is typically short, the converter device can quickly resume normal operation, and the performance of the converter device is not adversely affected. Furthermore, the control in the improved solution can be implemented using the internal integrated functions of the controller of an existing converter, without requiring additional sampling circuitry, thus providing the advantages of low loss, low cost, and high reliability.

[0029] Figure 1 The illustration shows a conversion system 100, a power source 200, and a load 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the conversion system 100 can be used for power conversion between the power source 200 and the load 300, such as converting AC power to DC power, or converting a high voltage to a desired low voltage, and vice versa. In this way, the load 300 can obtain suitable power, voltage, and / or current from the power source 200 via the conversion system 100. The power source 200 can be an AC power source or a DC power source, and can include, but is not limited to, a public power grid, energy storage batteries, supercapacitors, power generation equipment such as photovoltaic power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment, power supply equipment with power converters, and any other suitable power source. Furthermore, the load 300 can be a DC load or an AC load, and can include any type of device or apparatus that consumes power and / or regenerates power (e.g., in the case of a bidirectional converter).

[0030] The conversion system 100 includes a converter device 110, in which one or more power switches are disposed. In one embodiment, the converter device 110 includes at least one of a DC-DC converter, an AC-DC converter, and a DC-AC converter. For example, the converter device 110 may be a boost DC-DC converter, a buck DC-DC converter, a boost-buck DC-DC converter, a rectifier, an inverter, or any combination thereof. The power switches may be semiconductor devices, including but not limited to metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), integrated gate commutated thyristors (IGCTs), gate turn-off thyristors, MOS-controlled thyristors, etc. Furthermore, the conversion system 100 includes a controller 120. The controller 120 may acquire measurement signals Vin and Vout, respectively indicating the input and output voltages (or other electrical quantities) of the converter device 110, and control the switching on and off of the power switches in the converter device 110 based on the signals Vin and Vout, thereby achieving the desired power conversion. For example, controller 120 may include any type of control device capable of performing calculations and processing, such as MCU, DSP, and FPGA, or may be implemented by digital circuitry and / or analog circuitry or a combination of these forms. In some cases, for certain functions, analog circuitry or units in controller 120 are preferably used because analog circuitry or units generally have a faster response time than other types of processing units and circuits. It should be understood that controller 120 may be a single control device or a combination of multiple control devices, and in the case of multiple control devices, the multiple control devices may be located in the same or different locations within conversion system 100.

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a conversion system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2As shown, converter device 110 is exemplarily implemented as an LLC DC-DC converter. LLC DC-DC converters can be used in a variety of applications and have the advantages of high output power and high conversion efficiency. For example, converter device 110 as an LLC DC-DC converter includes a controllable switching circuit 111, a resonant circuit 112, an isolation transformer 113, a rectifier 114, and a low-pass filter 115 for converting a DC input into a square wave. The rectifier 114 includes multiple power switches S1, S2, S3, and S4, and the controllable switching circuit 111 includes a half-bridge circuit composed of power switches S5 and S6. In addition, the resonant circuit 112 includes a resonant capacitor Cr, a resonant inductor Lr, and a magneto-inductor Lm, the isolation transformer 113 includes a primary winding W1 and at least two secondary windings W2, and the low-pass filter 115 includes a first filter and a second filter, the first filter including an inductor Lo1 and capacitors Co1 and Co2, and the second filter including an inductor Lo2 and capacitors Co3 and Co4. In one embodiment, the conversion system 100 further includes sensing devices 116 and 117, which are respectively arranged at the input and output of the converter device 110 for sensing electrical quantities such as voltage.

[0032] It should be understood that some of these components in the LLC DC-DC converter can be replaced with other suitable components, or the converter may include more or fewer components; for example, rectifier 114 may include more or fewer power switches. Furthermore, converter device 110 may be another type of power converter besides the LLC DC-DC converter, as long as it is provided for power conversion and includes at least one power switch.

[0033] In such Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the conversion system 100 shown, the controller 120 can receive or acquire measurement signals from sensing devices 116 and 117, and turn power switches S1 to S6 in the converter device 110 on or off based on the measurement signals. For example, the controller 120 can send a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal Vctr1 to the gates of power switches S1 to S4, and another PWM control signal Vctr2 to the gates of power switches S5 and S6, so that these switches can be turned on and off within a predefined duty cycle. In this way, the LLC DC-DC converter can convert the input DC power into the DC power required by the load.

[0034] In some situations, such as in the presence of surge voltage, the voltage stress on power switches S1 to S6 may increase to a high voltage level exceeding the rated voltage of the power switches, thereby causing damage to power switches S1 to S6. In embodiments of this disclosure, controller 120 can control converter device 110 in an improved manner, thereby effectively mitigating or eliminating the overstress problem of the power switches without adding additional components to conversion system 100.

[0035] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method 300 for controlling a converter device 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Method 300 can be implemented by the controller 120 as described above. For discussion, reference will be made below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Description method 300.

[0036] At block 301, controller 120 acquires a measurement signal Vin indicating a first voltage input to converter device 110 from power supply 200 in a first operating mode of converter device 110, during which at least one of power switches S1 to S6 of converter device 110 switches between an on and off state. For example, the first operating mode could be a normal operating mode of converter device 110, in which at least one of power switches S1 to S6 repeatedly switches between on and off. When power switches S1 to S6 switch from the on state to the off state, especially in the event of a surge voltage on the input of converter device 110, the power switches may be subjected to overstress. Therefore, by receiving the measurement signal Vin from sensing device 116, controller 120 can monitor the input voltage level of converter device 110 to help determine voltage surge events. In some embodiments, controller 120 uses a PWM signal to control power switches S1 to S4 in the first operating mode. In this way, the on-time or duty cycle of the power switch in the converter device 110 can be effectively controlled, thereby reliably and effectively controlling the power conversion.

[0037] At block 302, controller 120 compares a first voltage with a first threshold. For example, the first threshold represents a relatively high voltage level, and if the input voltage exceeds the first threshold, it indicates that a surge voltage may have occurred at the input of converter device 110. The first threshold can be predefined and / or adjusted in real time according to operating conditions.

[0038] At block 303, in response to a first voltage exceeding a first threshold, controller 120 controls converter device 110 to change from a first operating mode to a second operating mode, in which at least one of the power switches S1 to S6 of converter device 110 is switched to the off state. For example, the second operating mode could be a mode in which at least one of the power switches S1 to S6 is turned off. In the second operating mode, since the switches remain in the off state, there is no action from off to on for at least one power switch. As a result, voltage stress problems that occur during the switchover from on to off are avoided. In this way, overstress in converter device 110 is reduced or eliminated, thereby preventing damage or breakdown of the power switches due to overstress. Furthermore, no additional components need to be added to the converter, thus avoiding losses and costs.

[0039] In some embodiments, all power switches S1 to S6 in the converter device 110 are turned off and in an off state in the second operating mode. Specifically, since all power switches S1 to S6 in the converter device 110 may be subjected to overstress in the event of a surge voltage, all power switches S1 to S6 can be turned off, thereby effectively protecting all switches in the converter device 110. Alternatively, in the second operating mode, one or some of the power switches S1 to S6 are turned off and in an off state. Depending on the converter circuit configuration, one or more power switches most likely to be damaged by overstress and surge voltage can be turned off. For example, after a surge voltage is detected, only one or all of the power switches S1 to S4 may be turned off, because switches S1 to S4 may have lower rated voltages and are more susceptible to damage from overstress. In this way, the power switches are protected, and the impact on the performance of the converter device is minimized.

[0040] At block 304, in response to a first voltage falling below a first threshold, controller 120 controls converter device 110 to operate in a first operating mode. Specifically, if a surge voltage is not detected, converter device 110 can be maintained in normal operation.

[0041] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a method 400 for controlling a converter device 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Method 400 may be implemented by a controller 120 and is executed after block 303 of method 300. For discussion, reference will be made below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Description method 400.

[0042] At block 401, controller 120 acquires a measurement signal Vin, which indicates a second voltage input from power supply 200 to converter device 110 in a second operating mode. Specifically, when at least one of power switches S1 to S6 is turned off or in an off state, the input voltage of converter device 110 is monitored, allowing controller 120 to determine whether a surge voltage event has ended.

[0043] At block 402, controller 120 compares the second voltage with a second threshold. For example, if the input voltage is lower than the second threshold, it indicates that there is no surge voltage at the input of converter device 110. For example, the second threshold may be equal to, higher than, or lower than the first threshold. Similar to the first threshold, the second threshold may be predefined and / or adjusted in real time according to operating conditions.

[0044] At block 403, in response to a second voltage falling below a second threshold, controller 120 controls converter device 110 to change back from a second operating mode to a first operating mode. Specifically, when the detected voltage drops to a safe level, converter device 110 returns to the first operating mode, such as a PWM control mode. Typically, surge voltages are very short-lived, and therefore converter device 110 shuts down only for a short period and quickly resumes normal operation. In this way, the effects of overstress and surge voltages on the power switch are avoided without affecting the performance of converter device 110.

[0045] At block 404, in response to a second voltage exceeding a second threshold, controller 120 controls converter device 110 to operate in a second operating mode. Specifically, if the detected voltage remains high, converter device 110 can be maintained in the second operating mode.

[0046] Figure 5 The figure shows the waveforms of the input voltage Vsource' and the voltage Vs1' of the power switch S1 in a conversion system 100 using a conventional method. Figure 6 The figure shows waveforms of the measurement signal Vin, the input voltage Vsource, and the voltage Vs1 of the trans-power switch Vs1 in the conversion system 100 employing the improved method of this disclosure. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the input voltage Vsource experiences a surge voltage event and reaches a maximum value of 1020V or 1030V. Furthermore, it is assumed that the rated voltage of the power switch S1 is 100V. Figure 5 In this case, the voltage stress on the power switch reached as high as 113V, exceeding the rated voltage of the power switch. Figure 6In this process, through an improved method, the voltage stress on the power switch was reduced from 113V to 71.5V, providing effective protection for the power switch. Furthermore, the converter device only shuts down for tens of microseconds, thus having no impact on the performance of the conversion system.

[0047] According to other aspects of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided that can implement the embodiments of this disclosure as described above. Figure 7 A schematic block diagram of an example device 700 suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For example, a controller 120 may be implemented by device 700. As shown, device 700 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on computer program instructions stored in read-only memory (ROM) 702 or computer program instructions loaded from storage portion 708 into random access memory (RAM) 703. Various programs and data required for the operation of device 700 are also stored in RAM 703. CPU 701, ROM 702, and RAM 703 are interconnected via bus 704. Input / output (I / O) interface 705 is also connected to bus 704.

[0048] The following components in device 700 are connected to I / O interface 705: input unit 706; output unit 707; storage unit 708, such as a disk or optical disk; and communication unit 709, such as a network interface card (NIC), modem, or wireless transceiver. Communication unit 709 allows device 700 to exchange information / data with other devices via computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0049] The various processes and handling described above, such as methods 300 and 400, can be executed by processing unit 701. For example, in some embodiments, methods 300 and 400 can be implemented as computer software programs tangibly embodied on a machine-readable medium (e.g., storage unit 708). In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto device 700 via ROM 702 and / or communication unit 709. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 703 and executed by CPU 701, one or more actions of methods 300 and 400 as described above can be performed.

[0050] Alternatively, in some embodiments, device 700 may include additional analog signal processing circuitry or units, and methods 300 and 400 may be performed by the analog signal processing circuitry or units. For example, the analog signal processing circuitry or units may include at least a comparator subsystem for comparing a measured voltage with a preset threshold and sending a protection or recovery signal to output unit 707 to turn off or restart the PWM. It should be noted that in some cases, using analog circuitry or units for processing may be preferable because analog circuitry or units typically have a faster response time, allowing the power switch to turn off with a shorter time delay to avoid the effects of overstress.

[0051] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium (or more) is provided having computer-readable program instructions thereon for performing aspects of this disclosure.

[0052] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of retaining and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electronic storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of computer-readable storage media includes: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices on which instructions are recorded (such as punched cards or raised structures in recesses), and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein should not be construed as transient signals, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0053] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to a suitable computing / processing device, or can be downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network (e.g., the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network). The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic cables, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to a computer-readable storage medium within the suitable computing / processing device.

[0054] Computer-readable program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on controller 120, partially on controller 120, as a standalone software package, or partially on controller 120 and partially on a remote computer. In scenarios involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet provided by an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, the electronic circuit system, such as a programmable logic circuit system, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), can be customized by utilizing state information from the computer-readable program instructions. The electronic circuit system can execute the computer-readable program instructions to perform aspects of this disclosure.

[0055] Various aspects of this disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0056] These computer-readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions / actions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram boxes. These computer-readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that enables a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other device to operate in a particular manner, such that the computer-readable storage medium in which the instructions are stored includes an article of writing comprising instructions for implementing aspects of the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0057] Computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus or other device, thereby producing a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute in the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus or other device, perform the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0058] It should be understood that the detailed embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements should be included within the scope of this disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the claims or their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a converter device, comprising: Acquire a first measurement signal, the first measurement signal indicating a first voltage from the power input to the converter device in a first operating mode of the converter device, wherein at least one power switch of the converter device switches between an on state and an off state in the first operating mode; Compare the first voltage with the first threshold; as well as In response to the first voltage being higher than the first threshold, the converter device is controlled to change from the first operating mode to the second operating mode of the converter device, wherein the at least one power switch of the converter device is switched to the off state in the second operating mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Acquire a second measurement signal, the second measurement signal indicating a second voltage from the power input to the converter device in the second operating mode; as well as The second voltage is compared with the second threshold; as well as In response to the second voltage being lower than the second threshold, the converter device is controlled to change back from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: In response to the first voltage being lower than the first threshold, the converter device is controlled to operate in the first operating mode.

4. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: In response to the second voltage being higher than the second threshold, the converter device is controlled to operate in the second operating mode.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the first operating mode, the at least one power switch is controlled using a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the second operating mode, all the power switches in the converter device are turned off and are in the off state.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the converter device comprises at least one of a DC-DC converter, an AC-DC converter, and a DC-AC converter.

8. A controller for controlling a converter device, comprising: At least one processing unit; as well as At least one memory coupled to the at least one processing unit and storing instructions executable by the at least one processing unit, which, when executed by the at least one processing unit, cause the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable program instructions that, when executed by a processing unit, cause the processing unit to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A controller for controlling a converter device, comprising: An analog signal processing unit configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A conversion system, comprising: Converter device; as well as The controller according to claim 8 or 10.

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