Slope rainwater storage, drainage and nursing integrated intelligent protection structure and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope rainwater storage, drainage and nursing integrated intelligent protection structure and method. The slope rainwater storage, drainage and nursing integrated intelligent protection structure comprises a rainfall storage unit, a slope body protection unit, a drip irrigation unit and a soil matrix layer. The rainfall storage unit realizes rainwater storage and orderly drainage through a water storage well, a drainage groove and a funnel-shaped soil body; the slope body protection unit drives water wheel blades through water flow, a waterproof film is driven by a transmission mechanism to be unfolded / folded in a self-adaptive mode, and the slope surface is prevented from being scoured. The drip irrigation unit is combined with a solar power supply system, and stored rainwater is used for vegetation drip irrigation; the system integrates the closed-loop functions of storage, drainage, protection and maintenance, realizes full-working-condition self-adaptive operation, does not need manual intervention, not only improves the slope stability, efficiently utilizes rainwater resources, but also gives consideration to ecological greening, is reliable in structure and low in construction, operation and maintenance cost, and is adaptive to various engineering slope scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological slope protection technology, and in particular to an integrated intelligent protection structure and method for rainwater storage, drainage and maintenance of slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Slopes, as common geological structures in road, water conservancy, and mining engineering projects, directly affect engineering safety and the ecological environment. In the natural environment, slopes are susceptible to factors such as rainfall and weathering, leading to geological disasters such as landslides, soil erosion, and soil loss. During rainfall, large amounts of rainwater seep into the slope, increasing its weight, while the increased soil moisture content reduces internal cohesion, further exacerbating the risk of disasters. During droughts, vegetation on the slope surface struggles to survive due to water shortage, failing to enhance slope stability through root stabilization, resulting in poor ecological protection.

[0003] To address these issues, existing technologies have proposed various slope protection and maintenance solutions. For example, some technologies utilize structures such as drainage ditches and water storage ponds to discharge and store rainwater, combining this with ecological revegetation to restore the slope environment. However, these solutions often focus on single drainage or ecological restoration functions, lacking adaptive protection capabilities against varying rainfall amounts. During heavy rainfall, the slope is still prone to instability due to soil erosion. Other technologies have designed slope drainage and automatic irrigation devices to use stored rainwater for vegetation irrigation. However, the irrigation activation of these devices often relies on manual control or fixed electric drive, failing to automatically adjust the slope protection status according to rainfall intensity. Furthermore, the deployment and retraction of the protective film often require an additional power source, making operation cumbersome and energy-intensive.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing slope protection technologies also have the following shortcomings: First, the coordination between drainage and protection is poor. Most drainage devices can only discharge rainwater and cannot automatically activate slope protection during heavy rainfall, making the soil in the funnel-shaped catchment area easily eroded and damaged. Second, the utilization rate of rainwater resources is low. The stored rainwater is mostly used for simple irrigation and has not formed a closed-loop system of "storage-drainage-protection-irrigation". Third, the protective film lacks a stable tension adjustment mechanism, which can easily lead to problems such as film loosening, breakage, or untimely recycling. Fourth, the soil matrix is ​​difficult to balance erosion resistance and plant growth requirements. Either the bonding strength is insufficient and it is easy to lose, or it is over-solidified, resulting in low seed germination rate. Fifth, irrigation systems mostly rely on external power sources, which have high energy consumption and are difficult to use in scenarios without power supply.

[0005] Furthermore, the functional units (drainage, protection, and irrigation) of traditional slope protection devices are relatively independent, lacking integrated design. This results in complex structures, difficult construction, and insufficient adaptability, failing to dynamically adjust their working status according to real-time conditions such as rainfall intensity and environmental humidity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a slope protection system that can achieve rainfall-adaptive protection, rainwater resource utilization, low-energy irrigation and maintenance, and integrated structure to address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide an integrated intelligent protection structure and method for rainwater storage, drainage and maintenance of slopes, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance, comprising a rainwater storage unit, a slope protection unit, a drip irrigation unit, and a soil matrix layer. The rainwater storage unit includes a water storage well, a drainage ditch, and a grid-type anchor support structure. The water storage well and the drainage ditch are located on the slope, with the overflow outlet of the water storage well connected to the inlet of the drainage ditch, and the outlet of the drainage ditch connected to the drainage ditches on both sides of the road. The grid-type anchor support structure is located on the slope and encloses multiple grid areas, with the surface soil of the slope within each grid area being funnel-shaped. Each grid area has drilled channels, which are connected to the water storage well via water pipes. The slope protection unit includes an unwinding device and a water turbine blade; the unwinding device is installed at the top of the slope, and one of the rolls of the unwinding device is wrapped with a waterproof membrane; the water turbine blade is installed at the outlet of the drainage channel and connected to the rotating drum through a transmission mechanism, and the rotating drum is connected to the end of the waterproof membrane through a cable. The drip irrigation unit includes drip irrigation pipes, which are laid on each grid frame. Drip irrigation holes are opened on the surface of the drip irrigation pipes, and the input end of the drip irrigation pipes is connected to the inside of the water storage well through a pumping pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the rainfall storage unit further includes a solar power generation panel and an energy storage device, which are installed on the top of the slope and electrically connected. A water pump is installed on the water pumping pipe, the output end of the energy storage device is electrically connected to the water pump, and the control end of the water pump is electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] Preferably, the soil matrix layer is a matrix layer mixed with plant seeds, which covers the surface of the funnel-shaped slope soil, and the filling height is lower than the height of the lattice beam.

[0010] Preferably, the unwinding device includes two drums, one of which is rotatably connected at both ends to the sides of a central shaft, the end of which is fixedly mounted on a support at the top of the slope, the central shaft passes through the inside of the drum, and a spiral spring is wound around the surface of the central shaft. One end of the spiral spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the drum, and the other end is fixedly connected to the surface of the central shaft. The waterproof membrane is wound on this drum. The other drum is used to provide working tension for the waterproof membrane and is hinged to the support at the top of the slope via a central shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the water storage well is located in the middle area of ​​the slope from top to bottom, and its opening direction is perpendicular to the slope; the inner side of the water storage well is provided with a concrete reinforcement layer, and the surface of the concrete reinforcement layer is coated with a waterproof coating.

[0012] Preferably, the drainage trough is perpendicular to the water storage well and parallel to the slope surface; the water inlet at the top of the drainage trough is connected to the overflow outlet of the water storage well.

[0013] Preferably, the water turbine blades are fixedly provided with a connecting shaft surface, the end of the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to a bracket at the outlet of the drainage trough, and the connecting shaft surface is also provided with a first gear, the first gear is connected to a second gear through a chain, and the second gear is coaxially connected to the rotating drum.

[0014] Preferably, the surface of the waterproof membrane is also uniformly provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes.

[0015] This invention discloses a method for constructing the above-mentioned adaptive drainage and protective ecological slope protection structure, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Perform slope trimming and leveling treatment on the slope, clean up the protruding parts of the slope and fill the depressed areas; Step 2: Construct a water storage well and a drainage ditch on the slope, connect the overflow outlet of the water storage well to the inlet of the drainage ditch, and connect the outlet of the drainage ditch to the drainage ditches on both sides of the road; reinforce the inside of the water storage well with concrete and apply a waterproof coating to the concrete surface. Step 3: Install a grid-type anchor support structure on the slope to enclose multiple grid areas, and shape the surface soil of the slope in each grid area into a funnel shape; drill holes in each grid area and connect the holes to the water storage well through water pipes. Step 4: Install the unwinding device at the top of the slope: Fix the drum with a spiral spring to the support at the top of the slope through the central shaft, so that one end of the spiral spring is fixed to the inside of the drum and the other end is fixed to the surface of the central shaft. Wrap the waterproof membrane with water-permeable holes around the drum; at the same time, hinge another drum on the support at the top of the slope to provide working tension for the waterproof membrane. Step 5: Install water turbine blades at the outlet of the drainage ditch: Fix the water turbine blades to the surface of the connecting shaft, and rotate the end of the connecting shaft to the bracket at the outlet of the drainage ditch; install the first gear on the surface of the connecting shaft, install the rotating drum at the foot of the slope and install the second gear, and connect the first gear and the second gear through a chain; fix one end of the cable to the rotating drum and connect the other end to the end of the waterproof membrane. Step 6: Lay drip irrigation pipes on each grid frame and make drip irrigation holes on the surface of the drip irrigation pipes; connect one end of the pumping pipe to the input end of the drip irrigation pipe and extend the other end into the water storage well; install a water pump on the pumping pipe. Step 7: Install solar power generation panels and energy storage devices on the top of the slope and connect them electrically; connect the output end of the energy storage device to the water pump, and connect the control end of the water pump to the controller. Step 8: Cover the funnel-shaped slope surface with a soil matrix layer mixed with plant seeds, and control the filling height to be lower than the height of the grid beam.

[0016] This invention discloses a method for using the above-mentioned adaptive drainage and protective ecological slope protection structure, comprising the following operations: Step 1) Operations during rainfall: a) When the rainfall is small: rainwater is collected by the surface soil of the funnel-shaped slope into the channel, and flows into the water storage well through the water pipe for storage; when the water level in the water storage well reaches the overflow outlet height, the rainwater flows into the drainage ditch through the overflow outlet, and then flows into the drainage ditch on both sides of the road through the outlet of the drainage ditch. b) When the rainfall is heavy: the water flow in the drainage ditch is sufficient to drive the water turbine blades to rotate. The water turbine blades drive the first gear through the connecting shaft, and then the second gear is driven through the chain, which in turn drives the drum to rotate. The drum pulls the waterproof membrane from the unwinding device through the cable, covering the funnel-shaped slope surface soil. c) When the rainfall decreases: the spiral spring in the unwinding device releases its rebound force, causing the drum to rotate in the opposite direction to recover the waterproof membrane; the waterproof membrane drives the drum, the second gear, the chain, the first gear and the water turbine blades to rotate in the opposite direction through the cable, thus completing the recovery of the waterproof membrane; Step 2) Operation in the absence of rainfall: The solar panels convert light energy into electrical energy, which is stored in an energy storage device. The controller starts the water pump, and the water in the storage well is transported to the drip irrigation pipe through the pumping pipe. The water is then dripped into the soil substrate layer through the drip irrigation holes on the surface of the drip irrigation pipe to supply water to the plants in the substrate layer.

[0017] Beneficial effects of this invention: 1. This invention organically integrates rainfall storage, slope protection, drip irrigation maintenance, and soil matrix slope stabilization to form a closed-loop system of "storage-drainage-protection-maintenance". The grid-type anchor bolts reinforce the slope structure, the funnel-shaped soil efficiently diverts rainwater, and the waterproof membrane automatically deploys / retracts as needed. This multi-layered protective mechanism reduces the risk of landslides, soil erosion, and other disasters at their source, solving the pain points of traditional technologies such as "dispersed functions and disconnected protection".

[0018] 2. This invention can dynamically adjust its working status according to the rainfall intensity—it automatically stores rainwater and drains it in an orderly manner during light rain, automatically activates the membrane protection during heavy rain, and automatically retracts the membrane after the rain stops; when there is no rainfall, it automatically uses the stored rainwater to carry out drip irrigation maintenance, without the need for manual operation and adjustment throughout the process, adapting to different weather and environmental conditions, and greatly improving the intelligence and automation level of slope protection.

[0019] 3. This invention maximizes rainwater storage through water storage wells and water diversion pipelines. The stored rainwater is directly used for drip irrigation of slope vegetation without the need for additional water diversion or reliance on external water resources, thus improving the utilization rate of rainwater resources. Combined with a solar power supply system, it provides clean energy for drip irrigation, avoiding the electricity consumption of traditional irrigation, saving resources and reducing operating costs, which is in line with the concept of green engineering.

[0020] 4. The functional units of this invention are closely connected and have no redundant structure. The construction process is standardized and orderly, which facilitates synchronous deployment and installation. Compared with the traditional distributed solution, it simplifies the engineering layout and reduces the construction difficulty. The core components (such as spiral spring transmission and gear chain transmission) are durable and easy to maintain. They do not require complex special equipment, and the long-term operation and maintenance costs are significantly reduced.

[0021] 5. The soil matrix layer of this invention is mixed with plant seeds, which, together with drip irrigation maintenance, ensures the survival rate of vegetation. After the vegetation roots grow, they form a biological soil stabilization effect, which, together with grid support and membrane protection, forms a dual guarantee of "structural reinforcement + ecological slope stabilization". The permeable hole design of the waterproof membrane takes into account both protection and soil moisture replenishment, avoids conflict between protection and ecological maintenance, and achieves long-term sustainable development of slope stability and ecological revegetation.

[0022] 6. The structural design of this invention is not limited to specific slope types or engineering scenarios. It can be flexibly adapted to various engineering slopes such as roads, water conservancy, and mines. Moreover, the component parameters can be adjusted according to the actual size of the slope and rainfall conditions without major changes to the core structure. It has a wide range of applications and strong practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance. Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the turbine blades are connected to the rotating drum via a transmission mechanism; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating drum. Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of the unwinding device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance includes a rainwater storage unit, a slope protection unit, a drip irrigation unit, and a soil matrix layer. The rainwater storage unit includes a water storage well 3.0, a drainage ditch 3.1, and a lattice-type anchor support structure. The water storage well 3.0 and the drainage ditch 3.1 are located on the slope 1.0. The overflow outlet of the water storage well 3.0 is connected to the inlet of the drainage ditch 3.1, and the outlet of the drainage ditch 3.1 is connected to the drainage ditches 3.2 on both sides of the road. The lattice-type anchor support structure is located on the slope 1.0 and encloses multiple lattice areas. The surface soil 1.1 of the slope within each lattice area is funnel-shaped. Each lattice area has a channel 4.2 drilled in it, and the channel 4.2 is connected to the water storage well 3.0 through a water pipe 5.4. The slope protection unit includes an unwinding device 6.0 and a water turbine blade 7.1; the unwinding device 6.0 is installed at the top of the slope 1.0, and one roll of the unwinding device 6.0 is wound with a waterproof membrane 4.1; the water turbine blade 7.1 is installed at the outlet of the drainage channel 3.1 and connected to the rotating drum 7.5 through a transmission mechanism, and the rotating drum 7.5 is connected to the end of the waterproof membrane 4.1 through a cable 7.6; The drip irrigation unit includes drip irrigation pipes 5.3, which are laid on each lattice frame. Drip irrigation holes are formed on the surface of the drip irrigation pipes 5.3, and the input end of the drip irrigation pipes 5.3 is connected to the interior of the water storage well 3.0 via a pumping pipe 5.2. This technical solution integrates a "rainfall storage unit + slope protection unit + drip irrigation unit + soil matrix layer" to form a collaborative integrated system. Its core beneficial effects are as follows: Achieving adaptive protection and drainage synergy during rainfall: The funnel-shaped slope surface soil 1.1 can quickly collect rainwater into the channel 4.2, and then guide it into the water storage well 3.0 through the water diversion pipe 5.4, which not only reduces slope instability caused by rainwater infiltration, but also achieves rainwater storage; the overflow connection design between the water storage well 3.0 and the drainage channel 3.1 can quickly drain water to the road drainage ditch 3.2 when the water storage is saturated, avoiding water accumulation and pressure on the slope; during heavy rainfall, the water flow drives the water turbine blades 7.1 to drive the waterproof membrane 4.1 to unfold through the transmission mechanism, automatically protecting the funnel-shaped soil from erosion, solving the defect of "drainage and protection being disconnected" in the existing technology.

[0026] Highly efficient utilization of rainwater resources: The drip irrigation pipeline 5.3 is directly connected to the water storage well 3.0. The stored rainwater can be directly used for irrigation of slope vegetation without the need for additional water diversion, which improves the utilization rate of rainwater, alleviates the problem of water shortage for slope vegetation during drought, and realizes a closed-loop ecological maintenance of "storage-drainage-irrigation".

[0027] Enhancing slope structural stability: The grid-type anchor support structure encloses multiple grid areas, which strengthens the slope. Combined with the funnel-shaped soil body water collection and diversion design, it reduces rainwater erosion and damage to the slope. The soil matrix layer covers the slope surface, further enhancing soil cohesion and reducing the risk of soil erosion, thus balancing structural stability and ecological restoration.

[0028] The integrated structure reduces engineering complexity: each unit is organically connected, with no independent redundant structure, and can be deployed simultaneously during construction. Compared with the existing technology of "dispersed drainage, protection and irrigation units", it simplifies the engineering layout and reduces construction difficulty and maintenance costs.

[0029] Preferably, the rainfall storage unit further includes a solar power generation panel 2.0 and an energy storage device 2.1, both installed on the top of the slope 1.0 and electrically connected. A water pump 5.1 is installed on the pumping pipe 5.2. The output end of the energy storage device 2.1 is electrically connected to the water pump 5.1, and the control end of the water pump 5.1 is electrically connected to the controller 8.0. Its beneficial effects are as follows: Achieving low-energy automatic irrigation: The solar power generation panel 2.0 converts light energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device 2.1, providing clean energy for the water pump 5.1. It does not rely on external power and solves the problems of "high energy consumption and power supply limitation" of traditional irrigation systems, making it especially suitable for remote scenarios without power supply.

[0030] Intelligent irrigation control: The controller 8.0 can automatically control the start and stop of the water pump 5.1 according to the ambient humidity, water storage and other working conditions, so as to avoid the vegetation from lacking water during drought or over-irrigating during wet conditions. This ensures the plant growth needs, saves rainwater resources and reduces the cost of manual intervention.

[0031] Energy storage ensures continuous operation: The energy storage device 2.1 can store excess energy, which can maintain the normal operation of the water pump 5.1 even in short-term rainy weather, improving the reliability and stability of the irrigation system.

[0032] Preferably, the soil matrix layer is a matrix layer mixed with plant seeds, which covers the surface of the funnel-shaped slope soil 1.1, and the filling height is lower than the height of the lattice beam. Its beneficial effects are as follows: Balancing soil erosion resistance and plant growth: The soil matrix layer directly covers the funnel-shaped slope surface soil 1.1, which can prevent rainwater from directly eroding the original soil and enhance the slope's erosion resistance; the design mixed with plant seeds allows the vegetation roots to further stabilize the soil after growth, forming a dual guarantee of "matrix protection + biological soil stabilization".

[0033] To prevent matrix loss and impact on lattice function: the filling height is lower than the lattice beam, which ensures that the reinforcement effect of the lattice anchor support structure is not obstructed, and also prevents the matrix from overflowing due to water flow during rainfall, ensuring the long-term stable function of the matrix layer.

[0034] Enhanced ecological restoration: Plant seeds are laid simultaneously with the substrate layer, eliminating the need for separate sowing later, making construction convenient; the substrate layer provides a suitable environment for seed germination, improving germination rate and vegetation survival rate, and quickly achieving ecological revegetation of slopes.

[0035] Preferably, the unwinding device 6.0 includes two drums. One drum is rotatably connected at both ends to the sides of a central shaft. The end of the central shaft is fixedly mounted on a support at the top of the slope. The central shaft passes through the inside of the drum, and a spiral spring 6.1 is wound around its surface. One end of the spiral spring 6.1 is fixedly connected to the inside of the drum, and the other end is fixedly connected to the surface of the central shaft. The waterproof membrane 4.1 is wound on this drum. The other drum provides working tension for the waterproof membrane 4.1 and is hinged to the support at the top of the slope via a central shaft. Its beneficial effects are as follows: Smooth and reliable film unwinding and rewinding: The two reels have distinct functions. The reel with a spiral spring 6.1 provides the rewinding power, while the other hinged reel provides the tension force. This can counteract tension fluctuations during film unwinding / rewinding, prevent the film from loosening, wrinkling, or breaking, and ensure a smooth protection process.

[0036] Achieving automatic and efficient film recycling: One end of the spiral spring 6.1 is fixed to the stationary end of the central shaft, and the other end is connected to the rotating end of the drum. When unfolding, it winds and stores energy, and when recycling, it releases energy to drive the drum to reverse. No additional power source is required, which solves the problem of "recycling of traditional protective films relying on manual or external drive". It is convenient to operate and has low energy consumption.

[0037] Compact and durable structure: The spiral spring 6.1 is built into the dry drum, with a reasonable layout to avoid failures caused by rainwater and wind and sand erosion, and to extend the service life of the device; the fixing method of the central shaft and the bracket ensures smooth drum rotation and high transmission efficiency.

[0038] Preferably, the water storage well 3.0 is located in the middle area of ​​the slope 1.0 from top to bottom, with its opening direction perpendicular to the slope. The inner side of the water storage well 3.0 is reinforced with a concrete layer, and the surface of the concrete reinforcement layer is coated with a waterproof coating. This design results in high water storage efficiency: the water storage well 3.0 is located in the middle area of ​​the slope 1.0 from top to bottom, and its opening is perpendicular to the slope, facilitating the collection of rainwater from various grid areas through the water pipe 5.4, resulting in a wide water collection range and high efficiency. The structure is stable and leak-proof: the inner concrete reinforcement layer enhances the compressive strength of the water storage well 3.0, preventing damage to the well due to slope settlement or water flow impact; the waterproof coating on the concrete surface effectively prevents rainwater leakage, ensuring stable water storage capacity, while also preventing leaking rainwater from eroding the soil inside the slope, further improving slope stability.

[0039] Adapted to actual engineering needs: The location and structural design take into account both water storage function and slope mechanical balance, and will not cause local stress concentration on the slope due to the construction of water storage wells, thus ensuring higher safety.

[0040] Preferably, the drainage trough 3.1 is perpendicular to the water storage well 3.0 and parallel to the surface of the slope 1.0; the inlet at the top of the drainage trough 3.1 is connected to the overflow outlet of the water storage well 3.0. By clearly defining the direction of the drainage trough 3.1 and its connection method with the water storage well 3.0, the following advantages are achieved: The drainage path is reasonable and efficient: the drainage channel 3.1 is perpendicular to the water storage well 3.0 and parallel to the surface of the slope 1.0, which conforms to the natural flow direction of water on the slope and reduces water flow resistance; it is directly connected to the overflow outlet of the water storage well 3.0, which can quickly discharge excess rainwater when the water storage is saturated, and avoid rainwater accumulating in the water storage well, which would cause excessive pressure on the well body or rainwater backflow that would erode the slope.

[0041] Protecting the slope structure: Drainage channels 3.1 are laid out parallel to the slope surface, which can evenly disperse the water flow and avoid local water flow concentrating to scour the slope. Combined with the overflow design of the water storage well, an orderly process of "storage-overflow-drainage" is formed, reducing the risk of damage to the slope from rainfall.

[0042] Preferably, the water turbine blade 7.1 is fixedly provided with a connecting shaft 7.2. The end of the connecting shaft 7.2 is rotatably connected to a bracket at the outlet of the drainage trough 3.1. The surface of the connecting shaft is also provided with a first gear 7.3, which is connected to a second gear 7.4 via a chain 7.7. The second gear 7.4 is coaxially connected to the rotating drum 7.5. By refining the transmission structure of the water turbine blade 7.1 (connecting shaft + gear + chain), the following advantages are achieved: Efficient and labor-saving transmission: The first gear 7.3 and the second gear 7.4 are driven by the chain 7.7. The gear transmission ratio design can amplify the torque, so that the force of the water flow driving the water turbine blades 7.1 can be efficiently transmitted to the rotating drum 7.5. Even if the water flow intensity is not high or the rainfall is moderate, it can drive the waterproof membrane 4.1 to unfold, adapting to the protection needs of different rainfall amounts.

[0043] Stable and reliable transmission: Compared with direct winding or friction transmission, gear and chain transmission is less prone to slippage, ensuring the stability of power transmission; the connecting shaft 7.2 is rotatably connected to the bracket, reducing friction loss during transmission and extending the service life of the device.

[0044] Preferably, the surface of the waterproof membrane 4.1 is further provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 4.3 evenly distributed. The beneficial effects of providing water-permeable holes 4.3 on the surface of the waterproof membrane 4.1 are as follows: To avoid additional load on the slope: During heavy rainfall, the waterproof membrane 4.1 covers the slope surface, and the permeable holes 4.3 can quickly drain the rainwater accumulated on the surface of the membrane, preventing rainwater from accumulating on the membrane and increasing the vertical pressure on the slope, thus reducing the risk of slope instability.

[0045] The operation of the slope protection unit is also taken into account: the permeable hole 4.3 allows some rainwater to infiltrate into the soil matrix layer below, which ensures that there is always enough water flow in the drainage channel 3.1 to maintain the force that drives the water turbine blade 7.1 to rotate or to prevent the water turbine blade 7.1 from reversing due to the rotational force of the volute spring 6.1.

[0046] Reduced risk of membrane damage: No water accumulation on the membrane surface can prevent damage caused by localized stress concentration due to the weight of water, thus extending the service life of the waterproof membrane.

[0047] Example 2: This invention discloses a method for constructing the above-mentioned adaptive drainage and protective ecological slope protection structure, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Perform slope trimming and leveling treatment on slope 1.0, clean up the protruding parts of the slope and fill the depressed areas; Step 2: On slope 1.0, construct a water storage well 3.0 and a drainage channel 3.1, connect the overflow outlet of the water storage well 3.0 to the inlet of the drainage channel 3.1, and connect the outlet of the drainage channel 3.1 to the drainage ditches 3.2 on both sides of the road; reinforce the inside of the water storage well 3.0 with concrete and apply a waterproof coating to the concrete surface. Step 3: Install a grid-type anchor support structure on slope 1.0 to enclose multiple grid areas, and shape the surface soil 1.1 of the slope in each grid area into a funnel shape; drill holes 4.2 in each grid area and connect holes 4.2 to water storage wells 3.0 through water pipes 5.4. Step 4: Install the unwinding device 6.0 at the top of slope 1.0: Fix the drum with the spiral spring 6.1 to the top support through the central shaft, so that one end of the spiral spring 6.1 is fixed to the inside of the drum and the other end is fixed to the surface of the central shaft. Wrap the waterproof membrane 4.1 with water-permeable holes 4.3 around the drum; at the same time, hinge another drum to the top support to provide working tension for the waterproof membrane 4.1. Step 5: Install water turbine blades 7.1 at the outlet of drainage channel 3.1: Fix water turbine blades 7.1 to the surface of connecting shaft 7.2, and rotatably connect the end of connecting shaft 7.2 to the bracket at the outlet of drainage channel 3.1; install the first gear 7.3 on the surface of connecting shaft 7.2, install a rotating drum 7.5 at the foot of slope 1.0 and install the second gear 7.4, and connect the first gear 7.3 and the second gear 7.4 through chain 7.7; fix one end of cable 7.6 to rotating drum 7.5, and connect the other end to the end of waterproof membrane 4.1; Step 6: Lay drip irrigation pipes 5.3 on each grid frame and make drip irrigation holes on the surface of drip irrigation pipes 5.3; connect one end of pumping pipe 5.2 to the input end of drip irrigation pipe 5.3 and extend the other end into the water storage well 3.0; install water pump 5.1 on pumping pipe 5.2; Step 7: Install solar power generation panels 2.0 and energy storage devices 2.1 on the top of slope 1.0 and connect them electrically; connect the output end of energy storage device 2.1 to water pump 5.1 and connect the control end of water pump 5.1 to controller 8.0. Step 8: Cover the surface of the funnel-shaped slope soil 1.1 with a soil matrix layer mixed with plant seeds, and control the filling height to be lower than the height of the grid beam.

[0048] The construction method is implemented in an orderly manner according to the steps of "slope cutting → setting up rainfall storage units → setting up slope protection units → setting up drip irrigation units → installing energy and control units → covering with soil matrix layer", and the beneficial effects are as follows: The construction process is scientific and standardized: the steps are logically connected. First, the slope is leveled, then the functional units are laid out in sequence, and finally the matrix layer is covered to ensure that the installation position of each component is accurate and the connection is reliable, avoiding structural connection problems caused by chaotic construction sequence.

[0049] Ensuring structural integrity and stability: Each step is designed around the principle of "coordinated work of each unit". For example, water storage wells and drainage channels are opened first, and water pipes are laid before water diversion pipes are laid. The unwinding device is installed first, and then the cables and waterproof membrane are connected to ensure that the components form an organic whole after installation and play a coordinated protective role.

[0050] Reduce construction difficulty and cost: The steps are detailed and clear, with strong operational guidance. No complicated special equipment is required, making it easy for construction personnel to carry out. At the same time, it avoids repeated construction or rework, improves construction efficiency, and reduces the total cost of the project.

[0051] Example 3: This invention discloses a method for using the above-mentioned adaptive drainage and ecological slope protection structure, including the following operations: Step 1) Operations during rainfall: a) When the rainfall is small: rainwater is collected by the funnel-shaped soil surface 1.1 into the duct 4.2, and flows into the water storage well 3.0 through the water pipe 5.4; when the water level in the water storage well 3.0 reaches the overflow outlet height, the rainwater flows into the drainage ditch 3.1 through the overflow outlet, and then flows into the drainage ditch 3.2 on both sides of the road through the outlet of the drainage ditch 3.1. b) When the rainfall is heavy: the water flow in the drainage channel 3.1 is sufficient to drive the water turbine blades 7.1 to rotate. The water turbine blades 7.1 drive the first gear 7.3 through the connecting shaft 7.2, and then the chain 7.7 drives the second gear 7.4 to rotate, which in turn drives the drum 7.5 to rotate. The drum 7.5 pulls the waterproof membrane 4.1 from the unwinding device 6.0 through the cable 7.6, covering the funnel-shaped slope surface soil 1.1. c) When the rainfall decreases: the spiral spring 6.1 inside the unwinding device 6.0 releases its rebound force, causing the drum to rotate in the opposite direction to recover the waterproof membrane 4.1; the waterproof membrane 4.1 drives the rotating drum 7.5, the second gear 7.4, the chain 7.7, the first gear 7.3 and the water turbine blades 7.1 to rotate in the opposite direction via the cable 7.6, thus completing the recovery of the waterproof membrane 4.1; Step 2) Operation in the absence of rainfall: The solar power generation panel 2.0 converts light energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the energy storage device 2.1. The controller 8.0 controls the water pump 5.1 to start, and the water in the water storage well 3.0 is transported to the drip irrigation pipe 5.3 through the pumping pipe 5.2, and then dripped into the soil substrate layer through the drip irrigation holes on the surface of the drip irrigation pipe 5.3 to supply water to the plants in the substrate layer.

[0052] This usage method categorizes operations by "rainfall status (based on rainfall amount) + no rainfall status," and its beneficial effects are as follows: Achieve adaptive operation under all working conditions: During rainfall, the working status is automatically adjusted according to the amount of rainfall (storage and drainage in light rain, deployment of protection in heavy rain, and film recovery when the rain stops). When there is no rainfall, drip irrigation is automatically started without manual intervention. It adapts to the slope maintenance needs under different weather conditions and solves the problem of "requiring manual monitoring and adjustment" in traditional slope protection.

[0053] Extending the service life of slopes: During rainfall, the slope is reduced by the triple action of "storage-drainage-protection" to reduce the erosion and damage of rainwater to the slope; when there is no rainfall, drip irrigation is used to supply water to vegetation, promote the root system of vegetation to fix the soil, and form a virtuous cycle of "natural environment-protective structure-ecological vegetation" to improve the long-term stability of the slope.

[0054] Maximizing resource utilization: Fully storing rainwater during rainfall and efficiently utilizing the stored rainwater for irrigation when there is no rainfall, avoiding rainwater waste, reducing dependence on external water resources, and conforming to the engineering concept of energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0055] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance, comprising a rainwater storage unit, a slope protection unit, a drip irrigation unit, and a soil matrix layer, characterized in that: The rainfall storage unit includes a water storage well (3.0), a drainage ditch (3.1), and a lattice-type anchor support structure; the water storage well (3.0) and the drainage ditch (3.1) are located on the slope (1.0), the overflow outlet of the water storage well (3.0) is connected to the inlet of the drainage ditch (3.1), and the outlet of the drainage ditch (3.1) is connected to the drainage ditches (3.2) on both sides of the road; the lattice-type anchor support structure is located on the slope (1.0) and encloses multiple lattice areas, and the surface soil (1.1) of the slope in each lattice area is funnel-shaped; each lattice area is drilled with a channel (4.2), and the channel (4.2) is connected to the water storage well (3.0) through a water diversion pipe (5.4); The slope protection unit includes an unwinding device (6.0) and a water turbine blade (7.1); the unwinding device (6.0) is installed at the top of the slope (1.0), and one roll of the unwinding device (6.0) is wrapped with a waterproof membrane (4.1); the water turbine blade (7.1) is installed at the outlet of the drainage channel (3.1) and connected to the rotating drum (7.5) through a transmission mechanism, and the rotating drum (7.5) is connected to the end of the waterproof membrane (4.1) through a cable (7.6); The drip irrigation unit includes a drip irrigation pipe (5.3), which is laid on each grid frame. Drip irrigation holes are opened on the surface of the drip irrigation pipe (5.3), and the input end of the drip irrigation pipe (5.3) is connected to the inside of the water storage well (3.0) through the pumping pipe (5.2).

2. The intelligent protection structure for integrated rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance of slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainfall storage unit also includes a solar power generation panel (2.0) and an energy storage device (2.1), which are installed on the top of the slope (1.0) and electrically connected. A water pump (5.1) is installed on the water pumping pipe (5.2). The output end of the energy storage device (2.1) is electrically connected to the water pump (5.1), and the control end of the water pump (5.1) is electrically connected to the controller (8.0).

3. The intelligent protection structure for integrated rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance of slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil matrix layer is a matrix layer mixed with plant seeds, which covers the surface of the funnel-shaped slope soil (1.1) and the filling height is lower than the height of the lattice beam.

4. The intelligent protection structure for integrated rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance of slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unwinding device (6.0) includes two drums. One drum is rotatably connected at both ends to the sides of a central shaft. The end of the central shaft is fixed on a support at the top of the slope. The central shaft passes through the inside of the drum. A spiral spring (6.1) is wound around the surface of the central shaft. One end of the spiral spring (6.1) is fixedly connected to the inside of the drum, and the other end is fixedly connected to the surface of the central shaft. The waterproof membrane (4.1) is wound on this drum. The other drum is used to provide working tension for the waterproof membrane (4.1). It is hinged to the support at the top of the slope by a central shaft.

5. The integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage well (3.0) is located in the middle area of ​​the slope (1.0) from top to bottom, and its opening direction is perpendicular to the slope. The inner side of the water storage well (3.0) is provided with a concrete reinforcement layer, and the surface of the concrete reinforcement layer is coated with a waterproof coating.

6. The intelligent protection structure for integrated rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance of slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage trough (3.1) is perpendicular to the water storage well (3.0) and parallel to the surface of the slope (1.0); the water inlet at the top of the drainage trough (3.1) is connected to the overflow outlet of the water storage well (3.0).

7. The integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water turbine blade (7.1) is fixedly provided with a connecting shaft (7.2) surface. The end of the connecting shaft (7.2) is rotatably connected to the bracket at the outlet of the drainage trough (3.1). The connecting shaft surface is also provided with a first gear (7.3). The first gear (7.3) is connected to a second gear (7.4) through a chain (7.7). The second gear (7.4) is coaxially connected to the rotating drum (7.5).

8. The integrated intelligent protection structure for slope rainwater storage, drainage, and maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the waterproof membrane (4.1) is also uniformly provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes (4.3).

9. A method for constructing an adaptive drainage and protective ecological slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Perform slope trimming and leveling treatment on the slope (1.0), clean up the protruding parts of the slope and fill the depressed areas; Step 2: On the slope (1.0), construct a water storage well (3.0) and a drainage ditch (3.1), connect the overflow outlet of the water storage well (3.0) to the inlet of the drainage ditch (3.1), and connect the outlet of the drainage ditch (3.1) to the drainage ditches (3.2) on both sides of the road; reinforce the inside of the water storage well (3.0) with concrete and coat the concrete surface with waterproof coating; Step 3: Install a grid-type anchor support structure on the slope (1.0) to enclose multiple grid areas, and shape the surface soil (1.1) of the slope in each grid area into a funnel shape; drill a channel (4.2) in each grid area and connect the channel (4.2) to the water storage well (3.0) through a water pipe (5.4); Step 4: Install the unwinding device (6.0) at the top of the slope (1.0): Fix the drum with the spiral spring (6.1) to the top support through the central shaft, so that one end of the spiral spring (6.1) is fixed to the inside of the drum and the other end is fixed to the surface of the central shaft. Wrap the waterproof membrane (4.1) with water-permeable holes (4.3) around the drum; at the same time, hinge another drum on the top support to provide working tension for the waterproof membrane (4.1); Step 5: Install water turbine blades (7.1) at the outlet of the drainage trough (3.1): Fix the water turbine blades (7.1) to the surface of the connecting shaft (7.2), and rotate the end of the connecting shaft (7.2) to the bracket at the outlet of the drainage trough (3.1); Install the first gear (7.3) on the surface of the connecting shaft (7.2), install the rotating drum (7.5) and the second gear (7.4) at the foot of the slope (1.0), and connect the first gear (7.3) and the second gear (7.4) through the chain (7.7); fix one end of the cable (7.6) to the rotating drum (7.5) and connect the other end to the end of the waterproof membrane (4.1); Step 6: Lay drip irrigation pipes (5.3) on each grid frame and open drip irrigation holes on the surface of the drip irrigation pipes (5.3); connect one end of the pumping pipe (5.2) to the input end of the drip irrigation pipe (5.3) and extend the other end into the water storage well (3.0); install a water pump (5.1) on the pumping pipe (5.2). Step 7: Install solar power generation panels (2.0) and energy storage devices (2.1) on the top of the slope (1.0) and connect them electrically; connect the output end of the energy storage device (2.1) to the water pump (5.1) and connect the control end of the water pump (5.1) to the controller (8.0); Step 8: Cover the surface of the funnel-shaped slope soil (1.1) with a soil matrix layer mixed with plant seeds, and control the filling height to be lower than the height of the lattice beam.

10. A method of using the adaptive drainage and ecological slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following operations: Step 1) Operations during rainfall: a) When the rainfall is small: rainwater is collected by the funnel-shaped slope surface soil (1.1) into the channel (4.2), and flows into the water storage well (3.0) through the water pipe (5.4) for storage; when the water level in the water storage well (3.0) reaches the overflow outlet height, the rainwater flows into the drainage ditch (3.1) through the overflow outlet, and then flows into the drainage ditch (3.2) on both sides of the road through the outlet of the drainage ditch (3.1). b) When the rainfall is large: the water flow in the drainage channel (3.1) is sufficient to drive the water turbine blades (7.1) to rotate. The water turbine blades (7.1) drive the first gear (7.3) through the connecting shaft (7.2), and then drive the second gear (7.4) through the chain (7.7), which in turn drives the drum (7.5) to rotate. The drum (7.5) pulls the waterproof membrane (4.1) from the unwinding device (6.0) through the cable (7.6) to cover the funnel-shaped slope surface soil (1.1). c) When the rainfall decreases: the spiral spring (6.1) inside the unwinding device (6.0) releases its rebound force, causing the drum to rotate in the opposite direction to recover the waterproof membrane (4.1); the waterproof membrane (4.1) drives the drum (7.5), the second gear (7.4), the chain (7.7), the first gear (7.3), and the water turbine blades (7.1) to rotate in the opposite direction via the cable (7.6), thus completing the recovery of the waterproof membrane (4.1); Step 2) Operation in the absence of rainfall: The solar power generation panel (2.0) converts light energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device (2.1); the controller (8.0) controls the water pump (5.1) to start, and the water in the water storage well (3.0) is transported to the drip irrigation pipe (5.3) through the pumping pipe (5.2), and dripped into the soil substrate layer through the drip irrigation holes on the surface of the drip irrigation pipe (5.3) to supply water to the plants in the substrate layer.

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