Bird body launching and separating device applied to multi-stage electromagnetic coil

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic emission, and particularly relates to a bird body emission and separation device applied to a multistage electromagnetic coil. According to the technical scheme, the bird body launching and separating device applied to the multi-stage electromagnetic coil comprises an acceleration part gun barrel, a braking part gun barrel, a speed buffering part gun barrel, an impact-buffering structure and a magnetic induction cartridge case, and the acceleration part gun barrel, the braking part gun barrel and the speed buffering part gun barrel are sequentially connected together through flanges to form an integral gun barrel; the impact-buffering structure is installed at the end of the gun barrel of the speed buffering part, and the bird body is installed in the magnetic induction cartridge case and is launched and separated through the whole gun barrel. According to the bird body launching and separating device applied to the multistage electromagnetic coil, high-speed stable launching of the bird body can be achieved, and the bird body is safely separated from the sabot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic launch technology, specifically relating to a bird launch and separation device applied to multi-stage electromagnetic coils. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic launch technology was first proposed in the 19th century. Currently, as the performance of chemical energy launch devices approaches its limit, the development of electromagnetic launch technology is gradually gaining attention. Compared with traditional mechanical and chemical energy launch technologies, electromagnetic launch technology has advantages such as superior acceleration capability, large launch mass, easy energy acquisition, and good controllability.

[0003] During electromagnetic launch, atmospheric pressure affects the launch velocity of the projectile. Therefore, a vacuum chamber is used to remove air and eliminate aerodynamic drag. Furthermore, separating the projectile from the sabot is a crucial step in electromagnetic launch to prevent simultaneous launch and secondary impact on the target.

[0004] Patent CN111238296A is a mechanical discarding device for a light gas gun, which can meet the discarding requirements of projectiles of different diameters. When the sabot impacts and collides with the discarding section's retaining ring, the sabot separates from the projectile. This separation method is a physical collision-type separation. The recovery chamber is located between the discarding section's retaining ring and the gun barrel exit. In the actual ejection process, the separated sabot has a relatively high speed and will move randomly in the gun barrel after being impacted. It cannot be guaranteed that the sabot will directly enter the recovery chamber without affecting other structures. The sabot may not be successfully recovered and may also cause damage to the gun barrel.

[0005] Patents CN108362170A, CN111766074A, and CN104896005A all describe technologies and devices for separating a bird from a sabot in a single air-launched shot. When the sabot carrying the bird reaches the exit position of the firing barrel, a collision deceleration mechanism using a thruster and spring assembly achieves separation. However, this separation method is a one-time event and cannot guarantee complete separation of the sabot and bird. If the sabot is launched along with the bird, it will undoubtedly affect the bird's trajectory and accuracy. Furthermore, the residual, irregularly moving sabot can damage the firing barrel, significantly reducing its service life.

[0006] Patent CN105823614A provides a sealing device for a vacuum chamber used in a vacuum impact experiment. The core of this patent is that the launched bird separates from the sabot through physical impact, and the ejector closes with the gun barrel. The gun barrel is fixed to the base by a spring, and the spring's displacement controls the opening and closing of the ejector and gun barrel, thus creating a vacuum environment for launch. However, when the bird's launch velocity is slow, the spring compression deformation is small, and the spring compression thrust may not be sufficient to separate the bird from the sabot. Furthermore, when the sabot is made of a soft material, the deformation of the sabot material and the spring can interact, potentially causing the bird's trajectory within the gun barrel to deviate, affecting the launch's positional accuracy.

[0007] Patent CN108955371B discloses an electromagnetic separation device for a sabot of a light gas gun. This device, with its built-in inductive element, enables smooth separation between the sabot and the projectile without causing an impact effect. However, a limitation of this invention is that during short-range firing collision tests, the sabot may not be able to brake or effectively retract in real time, potentially causing the sabot and the projectile to collide with the target together.

[0008] Patent CN114838621A discloses a multi-stage ejection device that separates the bird from the sabot using multiple layers of baffles. However, since the separation is achieved through spring-loaded thrust, excessively high speeds and frequencies of the launched bird can cause uncontrollable changes in the position and attitude of subsequent launches. Furthermore, the baffles are mounted on the outside of the barrel, and their reciprocating displacement and friction may accelerate barrel wear, reducing its lifespan. Additionally, after separation, the bird may move erratically in its trajectory, potentially colliding with the barrel and affecting firing accuracy.

[0009] Patent CN103673756A proposed a vacuum chamber connection device for an air gun. This device achieves a sealed connection between the air gun and the vacuum chamber by setting a sealing ring between the sabot separator cylinder and the sabot separator piston teeth, and by using a sabot clamping mechanism. During the experiment, when the sabot and the projectile separate through the separation device, the sabot is stuck on the sabot separator piston, and the impact force during separation is buffered by a hydraulic damping device. Besides the overly complex overall device, this method also has the following drawbacks during operation: because the buffering device uses a hydraulic damper, it lacks an automatic return function after the experiment, and the hydraulic damper piston is prone to jamming with the cylinder under the high-speed impact during separation.

[0010] In summary, the above research shows that current ejection separation technologies all use a collision-type structure at the gun barrel exit to achieve separation, which is not suitable for launching high-speed birds and greatly affects the stability of the launch. Summary of the Invention

[0011] This invention provides a bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil, which can achieve stable launching of high-speed birds and safe separation of the bird from the sabot.

[0012] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A bird launching and separation device for multi-stage electromagnetic coils includes an acceleration barrel, a braking barrel, a velocity buffer barrel, an impact-buffer structure, and a magnetic induction cartridge case. The acceleration barrel, braking barrel, and velocity buffer barrel are sequentially connected together by flanges to form an integral barrel. The impact-buffer structure is installed at the end of the velocity buffer barrel. The bird is installed in the magnetic induction cartridge case and launched and separated by the integral barrel.

[0013] Furthermore, in the bird launching and separation device applied to multi-stage electromagnetic coils, the inlet end of the braking barrel has four elongated holes evenly distributed circumferentially on its wall. A force-bearing column is fixedly installed axially in each hole, and a cylinder is fitted around the force-bearing column with an interference fit. A protruding hook is located in the center of the cylinder. The outlet end of the braking barrel has four protrusions evenly distributed circumferentially on its inner wall. A through hole is located at the center of each protrusion, and the axis of the through hole is parallel to the axis of the braking barrel. A short rod is inserted into each through hole, and a claw hook is fixedly installed at the front end of the short rod. The tail end of the short rod is fixedly connected to the front end of an elastic rope. The tail end of the elastic rope is connected to the hook, and rotating the cylinder winds the elastic rope around it one loop at a time.

[0014] Furthermore, in the bird launching and separation device applied to multi-stage electromagnetic coils, the hook has a U-shaped structure, and the tail end of the elastic rope is connected to the hook by knotting itself; the inner side of the hook has a rounded transition to avoid scratching the surface of the elastic rope.

[0015] Furthermore, in the bird launching and separation device applied to the multi-stage electromagnetic coil, a cylindrical armature is coaxially arranged outside the acceleration section barrel.

[0016] Furthermore, in the bird launching and separation device applied to multi-stage electromagnetic coils, the length of the velocity buffer section barrel is 2.5-3 times the length of the acceleration section barrel and 4-5 times the length of the braking section barrel; the inner wall of the velocity buffer section barrel is uniformly provided with four hidden guide ridges along the circumference, and the axis of the hidden guide ridges is parallel to the axis of the velocity buffer section barrel.

[0017] Furthermore, the bird launching and separation device applied to the multi-stage electromagnetic coil includes an impact-buffering structure comprising a large sleeve, a small sleeve, springs, and support rods. The flange of the large sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the velocity buffer section barrel via four circumferentially distributed support rods. The flange of the small sleeve has four circular holes, through which the small sleeve is fitted onto the four support rods, with the small sleeve's body placed inside the large sleeve. The flange of the small sleeve faces the end of the velocity buffer section barrel. A spring is fitted onto each support rod, with both ends of the spring facing the flanges of the large sleeve and the small sleeve, respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, in the bird launching and separation device applied to the multi-stage electromagnetic coil, a soft gasket is provided between the flange of the small sleeve and the end of the velocity buffer barrel.

[0019] Furthermore, the bird launching and separation device applied to multi-stage electromagnetic coils includes a magnetic induction cartridge case comprising a cartridge and a rear seat, the cartridge being screwed together with the rear seat; the edge of the rear seat is provided with an annular groove, in which a soft cartridge pad is embedded, and multiple grooves are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the soft cartridge pad; the diameter and depth of the grooves match the shape of the front end of the claw hook.

[0020] Furthermore, in the bird launching and separation device applied to multi-stage electromagnetic coils, the bird body is a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the bird body is precisely matched with the inner diameter of the sabot; the tail end of the bird body is provided with an annular positioning step, and the inner wall of the sabot is provided with a limiting groove, and the annular positioning step is installed in conjunction with the limiting groove during assembly.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In the braking barrel of this invention, the force-bearing column + cylinder + elastic rope + boss + short stick + grappling hook together constitute a structure that provides stable mechanical constraint and tension for the separation of the sabot and the bird. The rotation of the cylinder realizes the release and release of the elastic rope, providing a controllable tension basis for the grappling hook. When the recoil passes through the junction of the braking barrel and the velocity buffer barrel, the grappling hook hooks the recoil, allowing the sabot to achieve "low-speed buffering-safe braking" in the velocity buffer barrel, allowing the bird to complete "deceleration-disposal-attitude stabilization" without impact. When the limit distance of the elastic rope is reached, the tension generated by the grappling hook will separate the bird from the sabot. After separating from the bird, the sabot and recoil will continue to hang on the grappling hook and continue forward at a low speed. When they reach the end of the velocity buffer barrel, they will collide with the impact-buffering structure for braking. The sabot and recoil will drive the small sleeve forward, thereby compressing the spring. The spring is compressed to its limit and rebounds, pushing the sabot and recoil backward and falling out of the acceleration barrel. This invention enables the stable launch of high-speed birds, with the bird safely separating from the sabot. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a bird launch and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a bird's body installed in a magnetic induction cartridge case. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil includes an acceleration barrel 1, a braking barrel 2, a velocity buffer barrel 3, an impact-buffer structure, and a magnetic induction cartridge case. The acceleration barrel 1, braking barrel 2, and velocity buffer barrel 3 are sequentially connected together by flanges to form an integral barrel. The impact-buffer structure is installed at the end of the velocity buffer barrel 3. The bird 12 is installed in the magnetic induction cartridge case and launched and separated through the integral barrel.

[0024] The inlet end of the braking barrel 2 has four elongated holes 5 evenly distributed circumferentially on its wall. A force-bearing column is fixedly installed axially in each hole 5, and a cylinder is fitted around the force-bearing column with an interference fit. A protruding hook is located in the center of the cylinder. The outlet end of the braking barrel 2 has four protrusions evenly distributed circumferentially on its inner wall. A through hole is located at the center of each protrusion, and the axis of the through hole is parallel to the axis of the braking barrel 2. A short stick is inserted into each through hole, and a claw hook is fixedly installed at the front end of the short stick. The tail end of the short stick is fixedly connected to the front end of an elastic rope 9. The tail end of the elastic rope 9 is connected to the hook. Rotating the cylinder causes the elastic rope to wrap around it one loop at a time. The hook has a U-shaped structure, and the tail end of the elastic rope 9 is connected to the hook by a knot. The inner side of the hook has a rounded transition to avoid scratching the surface of the elastic rope 9.

[0025] A cylindrical armature 4 is coaxially arranged on the outside of the acceleration section barrel 1.

[0026] The length of the velocity buffer barrel 3 is 3 times the length of the acceleration barrel 1 and 5 times the length of the braking barrel 2. The inner wall of the velocity buffer barrel 3 is uniformly provided with four hidden guide ridges along the circumference, and the axis of the hidden guide ridges is parallel to the axis of the velocity buffer barrel 3.

[0027] The impact-buffering structure includes a large sleeve 6, a small sleeve 7, springs 8, and support rods. The flange of the large sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the velocity buffer barrel 3 via four circumferentially distributed support rods. The flange of the small sleeve 7 has four round holes, through which the small sleeve 7 is fitted onto the four support rods, with the sleeve body of the small sleeve 7 placed inside the large sleeve 6. The flange of the small sleeve 7 faces the end of the velocity buffer barrel 3. A spring 8 is fitted onto each support rod, with its two ends facing the flanges of the large sleeve 6 and the small sleeve 7, respectively. A soft washer is provided between the flange of the small sleeve 7 and the end of the velocity buffer barrel 3.

[0028] The magnetic induction cartridge case includes a cartridge 10 and a rear seat 11, the cartridge 10 and the rear seat 11 being screwed together; the edge of the rear seat 11 is provided with an annular groove, in which a soft cartridge pad 13 is embedded, and multiple grooves are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the soft cartridge pad 13; the diameter and depth of the grooves match the shape of the front end of the claw hook.

[0029] The bird body 12 is a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the bird body 12 is precisely matched with the inner diameter of the sabot 10. The tail end of the bird body 12 is provided with an annular positioning step, and the inner wall of the sabot 10 is provided with a limiting groove. During assembly, the annular positioning step and the limiting groove are fitted together.

[0030] The work process is as follows: First, in the startup phase, after receiving the launch command, an external power source supplies DC current to the excitation winding of the cylindrical armature 4. The magnetic field generated by the current forms a closed magnetic circuit along the axis of the cylindrical armature 4. The magnetic field passes through the wall of the acceleration section barrel 1, forming a uniform axial magnetic field inside. At this time, the bird body + sabot assembly inside the barrel is located in the central region of the magnetic field. Eddy currents are generated on the surface of the sabot 10 due to electromagnetic induction. The eddy currents interact with the magnetic field generated by the cylindrical armature 4, forming an electromagnetic thrust along the axis of the barrel. Then, in the continuous acceleration phase, as the current gradually increases, the magnetic field strength inside the barrel increases linearly, and the electromagnetic thrust on the sabot 10 increases synchronously. Under the action of the thrust, the bird body + sabot assembly moves in uniformly accelerated linear motion along the axis of the barrel.

[0031] After the bird body and sabot are accelerated by the acceleration section barrel 1, when the recoil 11 passes the junction of the braking section barrel 2 and the velocity buffer section barrel 3, the grappling hook will hook the recoil 11 and pull out the elastic rope 9 on the cylinder. When the elastic rope 9 reaches its limit distance, the pulling force generated by the grappling hook will separate the bird body 12 from the sabot 10.

[0032] After separating from the bird body 12, the sabot 10 and the recoil 11 continue to be attached to the grappling hook and move forward at a low speed. When they reach the end of the velocity buffer section of the barrel 3, they collide with the impact-buffer structure for braking. The sabot 10 and the recoil 11 drive the small sleeve 7 forward, which in turn compresses the spring 8. The spring 8 is compressed to its limit and rebounds, pushing the sabot 10 and the recoil 11 backward and detaching them from the acceleration section of the barrel 1.

Claims

1. A bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil, characterized in that, It includes an acceleration section gun barrel, a braking section gun barrel, a velocity buffer section gun barrel, an impact-buffer structure, and a magnetic induction cartridge case. The acceleration section gun barrel, the braking section gun barrel, and the velocity buffer section gun barrel are connected together in sequence by flanges to form an integral gun barrel. The impact-buffer structure is installed at the end of the velocity buffer section gun barrel. The bird body is installed in the magnetic induction cartridge case and is launched and separated through the integral gun barrel.

2. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the braking barrel has four elongated holes evenly distributed circumferentially on its wall. A force-bearing column is fixedly installed axially in each hole, and a cylinder is fitted around the force-bearing column with an interference fit. A protruding hook is located in the center of the cylinder. The outlet end of the braking barrel has four protrusions evenly distributed circumferentially on its inner wall. A through hole is located at the center of each protrusion, and the axis of the through hole is parallel to the axis of the braking barrel. A short rod is inserted into each through hole, and a claw hook is fixedly installed at the front end of the short rod. The tail end of the short rod is fixedly connected to the front end of an elastic rope. The tail end of the elastic rope is connected to the hook. Rotating the cylinder causes the elastic rope to wrap around it one loop at a time.

3. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hook has a U-shaped structure, and the end of the elastic rope is connected to the hook by tying a knot on its own; the inner side of the hook has a rounded transition to avoid scratching the surface of the elastic rope.

4. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cylindrical armature is coaxially mounted on the outside of the acceleration section gun barrel.

5. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the velocity buffer section barrel is 2.5-3 times that of the acceleration section barrel and 4-5 times that of the braking section barrel. The inner wall of the velocity buffer section barrel is uniformly provided with four concealed guide ridges along the circumference, and the axis of the concealed guide ridges is parallel to the axis of the velocity buffer section barrel.

6. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact-buffer structure includes a large sleeve, a small sleeve, springs, and support rods. The flange of the large sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the velocity buffer barrel via four circumferentially distributed support rods. The flange of the small sleeve has four round holes, and the small sleeve is fitted onto the four support rods through the four round holes, with the cylinder of the small sleeve placed inside the large sleeve. The flange of the small sleeve faces the end of the velocity buffer barrel. A spring is fitted on each support rod, with the two ends of the spring facing the flanges of the large sleeve and the small sleeve, respectively.

7. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 6, characterized in that, A soft gasket is provided between the flange of the small sleeve and the end of the velocity buffer barrel.

8. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic induction cartridge case includes a cartridge holder and a rear seat, the cartridge holder being screwed together with the rear seat; the edge of the rear seat is provided with an annular groove, in which a soft cartridge pad is embedded, and multiple grooves are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the soft cartridge pad; the diameter and depth of the grooves match the shape of the front end of the claw hook.

9. The bird launching and separation device applied to a multi-stage electromagnetic coil according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bird body has a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the bird body is precisely matched with the inner diameter of the sabot. The tail end of the bird body is provided with an annular positioning step, and the inner wall of the sabot is provided with a limiting groove. During assembly, the annular positioning step and the limiting groove are fitted together.

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