Segmented plugging blasting method for upward drilling

Abstract

The blasting method comprises the steps that according to engineering geological conditions and blasting effect requirements, blasting engineering design is carried out, drilling parameters, a detonating time sequence and plugging requirements are determined, according to the drilling parameters, a charging structure matched with the specification is selected, and a blasting process is carried out according to the selected charging structure. And the explosive charging structures filled with the explosives are assembled outside the drill hole according to the designed interval, the drill hole is pushed, and a hole opening is blocked. And the space between the charging structure and the hole wall of the drill hole is filled with rapid hardening slurry, and gas in the drill hole is exhausted through the exhaust pipe. And after the slurry in the hole is solidified, final connection of the detonating network is completed in a safe area outside the hole, and after comprehensive inspection and warning setting, a detonating station commands to excite the network to achieve detonating. According to the segmented plugging blasting method for the ascending drill hole, the hole sealing length is shortened, the axial distribution of blasting energy is optimized, the energy effect of a hole opening area is effectively enhanced, and the boulder rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rock blasting engineering technology, specifically, it relates to a segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In underground mining using the room-and-pillar method, the ore-holding method, and tunnel engineering, it is often necessary to construct a large number of upward-facing fan-shaped or vertically upward-facing boreholes. Because the direction of gravity is opposite to the direction of the explosive charge, the explosive cartridges loaded into the borehole are very prone to slipping off the borehole wall under their own weight or vibration, leading to damage to the explosive charge structure or even explosive drop accidents.

[0003] In related technologies, fixing is typically achieved using bamboo strips, wooden wedges, or the friction of stemming clay, which is not only extremely inefficient but also results in inaccurate positioning. To prevent explosive slippage and the escape of blasting gases, a long non-charge section is usually left at the borehole opening for multiple layers of packing and fixing. This leads to insufficient explosive energy coverage in the borehole opening area (usually near the free surface), easily generating large rock fragments (at the base or large pieces), increasing the cost and safety hazards of subsequent secondary fracturing. Furthermore, it is difficult to inject loose particles (such as sand) into ascending boreholes to achieve coupled charging, as is the case with descending boreholes. A large air gap usually exists between the explosive cartridge and the borehole wall, causing the blast shock wave to attenuate significantly in the air and failing to efficiently transmit to the rock mass. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling. This segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling shortens the sealing length, optimizes the axial distribution of blasting energy, effectively enhances the energy effect in the borehole opening area, and reduces the rate of large blocks.

[0006] The segmented plugging blasting method for upward drilling according to embodiments of the present invention includes:

[0007] Based on the engineering geological conditions and blasting effect requirements, blasting engineering design is carried out to determine drilling parameters, detonation sequence and sealing requirements; Based on the drilling parameters, a matching charge structure is selected. The charge structure includes an expanding section, a contracting connecting section, and an exhaust pipe. The expanding section is connected to the contracting connecting section. The expanding section is used to load explosives, and its outer peripheral wall has a barbed structure. The contracting connecting section is used to load the lead wire connecting the explosives. There are multiple expanding sections and contracting connecting sections. In the extension direction of the borehole, the expanding sections and contracting connecting sections are arranged alternately. The first end of the exhaust pipe penetrates the charge structure and is adjacent to the bottom wall of the borehole. The second end of the exhaust pipe is located on the outside of the borehole. The explosive charge structure, filled with explosives, is assembled outside the borehole according to the designed spacing and then pushed into the borehole. Seal the opening; The space between the charge structure and the borehole wall is filled with a quick-setting slurry, and the gas in the borehole is discharged through the exhaust pipe. After the slurry inside the borehole solidifies, the final connection of the detonation network is completed in a safe area outside the borehole. After a comprehensive inspection and the establishment of a warning zone, the network is activated by the detonation station to achieve detonation.

[0008] The segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling in this invention solves the technical problems of grout backflow and sealing difficulties during upward drilling by placing the explosive charge structure into the borehole and using a barbed structure to prevent the charge structure from falling before sealing. Furthermore, as grout is introduced into the sealed borehole, air inside the borehole is forced out through a pre-set vent pipe as the grout level rises, preventing air stagnation.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the enlarged section is greater than the radial dimension of the contracted connecting section and less than the radial dimension of the borehole.

[0010] In some embodiments, selecting a specification-matched charge structure includes the following steps: Based on the radial decoupling coefficient ,Right now ,in, The diameter of the borehole. The charge diameter is calculated based on the charge diameter, and the inner diameter of the enlarged section is greater than or equal to the charge diameter.

[0011] In some embodiments, both ends of the charge structure are configured as enlarged sections in the extension direction of the borehole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the segmented plugging blasting method for upward drilling according to the present invention further includes the following steps: Based on the axial decoupling coefficient ,Right now ,in, This represents the total length of the explosives loaded within the borehole. The total length between two adjacent explosive loading points, and the relationship between the length of the expanding section and the length of the contracting connecting section, satisfy the following formula: ,in, The length of the enlarged segment, To shorten the length of the connecting segment, and .

[0013] In some embodiments, the enlarged segment and the contracted connecting segment are detachably connected.

[0014] In some embodiments, the enlarged segment includes a first connecting segment, an extension segment, and a second connecting segment connected in sequence. The first connecting segment and the second connecting segment are respectively used to connect to the contraction connecting segment, and at least one of the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment is detachably connected to the extension segment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the barb structure includes a barb body and an elastic element, a first end of the barb body being connected to the enlarged section, a second end of the barb body extending toward the opening of the borehole, a first end of the elastic element being connected to the enlarged section, and a second end of the elastic element being connected to the barb body, such that the extending direction of the barb body is arranged at an angle to the human axis of the borehole.

[0016] In some embodiments, sealing the orifice includes the following steps: A bladder is used to seal the borehole opening. The second end of the vent pipe passes through the bladder, which has a grouting port for introducing quick-setting grout into the bladder to seal the borehole opening.

[0017] In some embodiments, the bladder is annular, the second end of the exhaust pipe protrudes from the middle of the bladder, and the length of the bladder is less than one-third of the borehole length. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosive charge structure in the segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure label: 100, Drilling; 200, Quick-setting grout; 300, Encasing band; 400, Explosive. 1. Charge structure; 11. Expanding section; 111. First connecting section; 112. Extension section; 113. Second connecting section; 12. Contraction connecting section; 13. Barbed structure; 131. Barbed body; 132. Elastic element. 2. Exhaust pipe, 3. Grouting pipe, 4. Grouting port. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the segmented sealing blasting method for an upward borehole 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: Based on the engineering geological conditions and blasting effect requirements, blasting engineering design is carried out to determine the drilling parameters, detonation sequence and sealing requirements.

[0023] Based on the engineering geological conditions and blasting effect requirements, blasting engineering design is carried out to determine the drilling parameters, detonation sequence and sealing requirements.

[0024] Understandably, during the design phase, a detailed design is carried out based on the rock's hardness, bedding, degree of joint development (geological conditions), as well as the required blasting block size, blast pile shape, and safety vibration control requirements.

[0025] The parameters for borehole 100 include: borehole diameter, depth, inclination angle, borehole mesh parameters, and detonation sequence. These parameters facilitate the subsequent determination of the specifications of the charge structure 1 (such as diameter, length, and charge density), the length and position of the internal sealing section (i.e., the design of the contraction connection section 12), and the final sealing length of the borehole opening. The detonation sequence needs to be precisely calculated to ensure good stress wave superposition and rock block collision between each expansion section 11.

[0026] In other words, the meticulous design ensures that the charge structure 1 is highly compatible with geological conditions and blasting targets, guaranteeing the predictability and controllability of the blasting effect from the source.

[0027] According to the design drawings, a drilling rig can be used to construct a blasting borehole 100 that meets the requirements.

[0028] Based on the parameters of borehole 100, a matching charge structure 1 is selected. The charge structure 1 includes an enlarged section 11, a contraction connecting section 12, and an exhaust pipe 2. The enlarged section 11 is connected to the contraction connecting section 12. The enlarged section 11 is used to load explosive 400, and the outer peripheral wall of the enlarged section 11 has a barbed structure 13. The contraction connecting section 12 is used to load the lead wire connecting the explosive 400. There are multiple enlarged sections 11 and contraction connecting sections 12. In the extension direction of borehole 100, the enlarged sections 11 and contraction connecting sections 12 are arranged alternately in sequence. The first end of the exhaust pipe 2 penetrates the charge structure 1 and is adjacent to the bottom wall of borehole 100. The second end of the exhaust pipe 2 is located on the outside of borehole 100.

[0029] It is understandable that the charge structure 1 has a variable diameter design, with the expanding section 11 and the contracting connecting section 12 arranged alternately. The expanding section 11 can be pre-loaded with materials such as malleable explosive 400 (emulsion explosive 400) or powder-filled explosive 400 (expanded ammonium nitrate explosive 400), and integrates an initiation device. The malleable explosive 400 can be selected in different shapes, such as cylindrical or elliptical cylinders, depending on the internal space structure of the charge structure 1. The outer diameter of the contracting connecting section 12 is smaller than that of the expanding section 11, and the contracting connecting section 12 has a pre-set channel for detonating cord or detonator lead wire.

[0030] Optionally, the barb structure 13 can be an elastic barb. That is, when the charging structure 1 is pushed into the bottom of the hole, the barb structure 13 is squeezed by the hole wall and elastically contracts, adhering tightly to the surface of the cartridge, reducing the pushing resistance; when the cartridge stops pushing and has a downward tendency, the barb opens under the action of elastic restoring force and pierces or presses against the hole wall, forming a one-way mechanical lock. Preferably, the barb structure 13 can be made of high-strength engineering plastic or spring steel sheet.

[0031] In other words, the variable diameter design of the charge structure 1 enables the on-demand distribution of the explosive energy 400 along the axial direction of the borehole 100. The alternating structure of the expanding section 11 and the contracting connecting section 12 divides the borehole 100 into multiple spaced explosive 400 chambers, optimizing the axial distribution of blasting energy, effectively enhancing the energy effect in the borehole area, and reducing the proportion of large fragments.

[0032] The explosive charge structure 1, filled with 400 units of explosive, is assembled outside the borehole according to the designed spacing and then pushed into the borehole 100.

[0033] Understandably, the prefabricated charge structure 1 is assembled outside the borehole 100 strictly according to the design drawings to ensure reliable connections between sections (detonating cord or detonator in series) and maintain the designed spacing (i.e., the length of the contraction connection section 12). The assembled charge structure 1 can be pushed into the borehole 1 from bottom to top using a charge rod until the upper end of the charge structure 1 reaches the bottom wall of the borehole 100. After stabilizing the charge structure 1, the subsequent sealing work is carried out. Before the sealing work is completed, the charge rod and other auxiliary tools are removed.

[0034] In other words, the charge structure 1 is inserted as a whole, which ensures the consistency between the designed charge structure 1 and the actual internal structure of the hole, and overcomes the problem of difficulty in controlling the length and density when manually filling loose explosive 400.

[0035] The orifice is then sealed. Understandably, methods such as 300mm grout, expandable sealing devices, chemical foam sealing, and quick-setting mortar can be used to quickly seal the orifice, thereby rapidly forming a sealing barrier and providing a reliable guarantee for subsequent pressurized grouting.

[0036] The space between the charge structure 1 and the borehole wall 100 is filled with quick-setting slurry 200, and the gas in the borehole 100 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 2.

[0037] Understandably, quick-setting grout 200 can be introduced into the borehole 100 through the grouting pipe 3. The grout level rises from bottom to top, and the air inside the borehole 100 can be discharged from the first end of the vent pipe 2 until the borehole 100 is filled with grout. That is, observe the outer port (i.e. the second end) of the vent pipe 2. When grout flows out of the vent pipe 2, it indicates that the borehole is completely filled, and the valve of the grouting pipe 3 is closed.

[0038] After the slurry inside the borehole solidifies, the final connection of the detonation network is completed in a safe area outside the borehole. After a comprehensive inspection and the establishment of a warning zone, the network is activated by the detonation station to achieve detonation.

[0039] Understandably, after all boreholes 100 are charged, the final connection of the detonation network is completed in a safe area outside the borehole. After a comprehensive inspection and the establishment of a warning zone, the network is activated by the detonation station to achieve detonation. Preferably, the detonation network can be laid and connected simultaneously while the charge structure 1 is being loaded segment by segment. During detonation, the detonation products generated by the expansion section 11 push the solidified slurry around the contraction connecting section 12, forming a multi-stage high-pressure wedge-shaped blockage on the borehole wall, achieving segmented sealing and rock breaking. Furthermore, at the moment of detonation, the axial compression of the filling material around the contraction connecting section 12 by the expansion section 11 causes the solidified slurry to generate lateral compressive stress and self-lock against the borehole wall, thereby preventing the axial escape of the explosive gas.

[0040] The segmented sealing blasting method for an upward-drilling borehole 100 according to this invention involves placing the charge structure 1 into the borehole 100 and using the barbed structure 13 to prevent the charge structure 1 from falling before sealing. This completely encloses the charge structure 1 and the grouting space within the hole, thus solving the technical problems of grout backflow and difficulty in sealing during upward-drilling grouting. Furthermore, grout is introduced into the sealed borehole 100. As the grout level rises, air inside the hole is forced out through the pre-set exhaust pipe 2, preventing air stagnation.

[0041] In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the enlarged section 11 is greater than the radial dimension of the contracted connecting section 12 and less than the radial dimension of the borehole 100.

[0042] Understandably, the radial dimension of the enlarged section 11 is smaller than that of the borehole 100, which facilitates adaptive positional adjustments within the borehole 100 during installation of the enlarged section 11. Furthermore, it facilitates the filling of quartz sand, ensuring that the quartz sand completely fills the gap between the borehole 100 and the charge structure 1 as much as possible.

[0043] The radial dimension of the shrinking connecting section 12 is smaller than that of the expanding section 11. This means that the shrinking connecting section 12 is used to install the fuse for the explosive 400 inside the expanding section 11, requiring less space. Furthermore, the smaller radial dimension of the shrinking connecting section 12 also increases the gap between the outer wall of the shrinking connecting section 12 and the hole wall, thereby increasing the filling space of the quartz sand, further extending the gas interaction time, and improving energy utilization.

[0044] It should be noted that the diameter of the shrinkage connecting section 12 can be set to a fixed value that meets the mechanical strength requirements of the cartridge (smaller than the diameter of the expansion section 11). This section mainly serves to connect adjacent expansion sections 11 and acts as a channel through which detonating cord, detonating tube, or electronic detonator lead wire passes.

[0045] In some embodiments, selecting a specification-matched charge structure 1 includes the following steps: based on the radial decoupling coefficient ,Right now ,in, For a borehole with a diameter of 100, The charge diameter is calculated, and the inner diameter of the enlarged section 11 is greater than or equal to the charge diameter.

[0046] It is understandable that, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when A smaller value (close to 1) results in a smaller gap between the charge and the borehole wall, a higher peak pressure of the explosion shock wave, a shorter duration of action, and a tendency to cause excessive fragmentation and strong vibration; when... The increased size enhances the buffering effect of the gap and reduces the peak pressure, but prolongs the stress wave action time, which is more conducive to rock fracturing and displacement, improves the utilization rate of explosion energy, and effectively reduces blasting vibration, so as to ensure that the initial pressure of the explosion acting on the borehole wall in the shock wave meets the rock breaking expectation.

[0047] In other words, within a borehole of 100 mm, the rock conditions and fracturing requirements at different depths may vary (for example, high resistance at the bottom of the borehole requires strong energy, while moderate fracturing at the borehole opening is needed to prevent rockfall). Therefore, for the highly fracturing section at the bottom of the borehole, a smaller fracturing method can be used. The larger charge diameter (corresponding to the large-diameter expansion section 11) is calculated from the value; for the orifice or vibration control section, a larger value can be used. The value is used to calculate the smaller charge diameter (corresponding to the smaller diameter expansion section 11).

[0048] In some embodiments, both ends of the charge structure 1 are configured as enlarged sections 11 in the extension direction of the borehole 100.

[0049] It is understandable that, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, when the charge structure 1 is installed in the borehole 100, the bottom of the borehole 100 is an enlarged section 11, and the charge structure 1 at the opening of the borehole 100 is also an enlarged section 11.

[0050] In other words, if the two ends of the charge structure 1 are empty contraction connecting sections 12, then the detonation points at both ends would be located in a cavity, which might weaken the coupling effect of the detonation energy to the rock, and the path of the detonation to the adjacent expansion section 11 might not be optimal. Therefore, by setting both ends as expansion sections 11, the detonation points at both ends are located in the high-energy explosive 400 medium, ensuring absolute reliability of detonation and stability of the detonation wave transmission to adjacent units, and eliminating the detonation uncertainty caused by the end structure.

[0051] In some embodiments, the segmented plugging blasting method for an upward borehole 100 according to the present invention further includes the following steps: based on the axial decoupling coefficient ,Right now ,in, The total length of the explosive charge 400 loaded within the borehole 100. The total length between two adjacent explosive loading points 400, the length of the expanding section 11 and the length of the contracting connecting section 12 satisfy the following relationship: ,in, The length of the enlarged segment 11, To shorten the length of the connecting segment 12, and .

[0052] Understandably, when A larger value (close to 1) indicates a denser distribution of the explosive charge, approaching a continuous charge, resulting in strong breaking force but potentially greater vibration. When As the explosive charge is reduced, the distribution of the 400mm explosive becomes sparser, increasing the degree of axial decoupling. This reduces blast vibration because the energy release points are dispersed in time and space. Simultaneously, by rationally designing the charge amount in each expansion segment 11 (combined with radial...) This ensures that while reducing vibration, each individual fragmentation zone still has enough energy to avoid producing large fragments.

[0053] In other words, the lengths of the expansion section 11 and the contraction connection section 12 and their alternation intervals (i.e., pitch) should be consistent with the axial decoupling coefficient set in the charge design scheme, so as to achieve precise control of the axial distribution of the blasting energy in the hole.

[0054] In some embodiments, the enlarged section 11 and the contracted connecting section 12 are detachably connected.

[0055] It is understandable that, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the expanding section 11 and the contracting connecting section 12 can be detachably connected by means of threaded connection, snap-fit ​​connection, or other connection methods. Therefore, the entire charge structure 1 can be transported as an independent unit consisting of the expanding section 11 and the contracting connecting section 12, and using the aforementioned connection methods, it can be quickly connected and installed downhole.

[0056] In other words, modules can be added or removed on-site during downhole or complex site operations, and the overall length of the charge structure 1 can be quickly adjusted. If a unit is damaged before the hole is lowered, only the damaged single module needs to be replaced, without scrapping the entire charge structure 1. In addition, the expansion section 11 and the contraction connection section 12 can be easily standardized for production, with low material costs, a simple process flow, and no need for complex equipment, making it easy to promote.

[0057] In some embodiments, the enlarged segment 11 includes a first connecting segment 111, an extension segment 112, and a second connecting segment 113 connected in sequence. The first connecting segment 111 and the second connecting segment 113 are respectively used to connect to the shrinking connecting segment 12, and at least one of the first connecting segment 111 and the second connecting segment 113 is detachably connected to the extension segment 112.

[0058] It is understandable that, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first connecting segment 111 and the second connecting segment 113 are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the extension segment 112. Both the first connecting segment 111 and the second connecting segment 113 can be connected to the extension segment 112 by means of threads or snap-fits. This facilitates the installation of a fully packaged cylindrical explosive 400 inside the enlarged segment 11.

[0059] In other words, depending on the actual working conditions, extension sections 112 of different lengths can be combined with the first connecting section 111 and the second connecting section 113 to form an enlarged section 11, thereby ensuring that the internal space of each enlarged section 11 can accommodate the required amount of explosive 400. Furthermore, if both ends of the extension section 112 are designed as openable, sealed cartridges, this detachable structure makes it very convenient to pre-fill, seal, and inspect the explosive 400 in a warehouse or a safe area on the ground. It also facilitates fine-tuning of the explosive quantity in specific sections or changing the type of explosive 400.

[0060] Therefore, by utilizing the stepwise pressure reduction effect formed inside the borehole 100 by the charge structure 1, the filling length of the sealing material at the borehole opening is set to the critical anti-blowout safety length required to prevent the explosive gas from rushing out of the borehole opening. This allows the upper end face of the uppermost expansion section 11 to extend to the borehole opening direction to the maximum extent while retaining the critical anti-blowout safety length, so as to cover the rock fracture area at the borehole opening.

[0061] In some embodiments, the barb structure 13 includes a barb body 131 and an elastic member 132. A first end of the barb body 131 is connected to the enlarged section 11, and a second end of the barb body 131 extends toward the opening of the drill hole 100. A first end of the elastic member 132 is connected to the enlarged section 11, and a second end of the elastic member 132 is connected to the barb body 131, such that the extending direction of the barb body 131 is arranged at an angle to the human axis of the drill hole 100.

[0062] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the barb body 131 is a rigid or semi-rigid component that primarily provides support and anchoring. Preferably, the second end of the barb body 131 can be a pointed tip, which facilitates penetration into the rock. The elastic element 132 can be a spring, a leaf spring, or highly elastic rubber to provide preload to the barb body 131 and to ensure that the movement of the charging structure 1 is not obstructed when it is pushed into the borehole 100.

[0063] Understandably, when the charge structure 1 is pushed upward into the borehole 100, the irregular borehole wall exerts a resistance on the tip of the barb body 131 in the opposite direction of the push. One resistance is perpendicular to the barb body 131, and the other is along the barb body 131 pointing towards the hinge point. Specifically, when the barb structure 131 is pushed into the borehole 100 along with the charge structure 1, the barb body 131 is compressed by the borehole wall, causing it to converge towards the enlarged section 11. When the charge structure 1 is pushed to the predetermined position, it tends to slide downwards due to gravity. At this time, the second end of the barb body 131 acts on the borehole wall, and this force generates a force that weds the barb tip into the borehole wall, thereby fixing the charge structure 1.

[0064] In some embodiments, the process of sealing the borehole includes the following steps: using a bladder 300 to seal the borehole 100, with the second end of the vent pipe 2 passing through the bladder 300, and the bladder 300 having a grouting port 4 for introducing quick-setting grout 200 into the bladder 300 to seal the borehole 100.

[0065] Understandably, the end of the vent pipe 2 is sealed through the wall of the bladder or its pre-designed channel. The vent pipe 2 may employ reinforcing rings or vulcanized seals to ensure that the grout does not leak from the gap between the vent pipe 2 and the bladder under bladder filling pressure. Quick-setting grout 200 is injected into the bladder through the injection port 4, causing it to expand and compact the borehole wall. The grout inside the bladder is then allowed to initially solidify, forming a physical barrier that adheres tightly to the borehole wall.

[0066] In other words, the grouting pump is started, and the prepared quick-setting grout 200 (such as cement grout or chemical grout) is pumped into the grouting bag through the grouting pipe 3. Under the pressure of the grout, the bag gradually expands from a soft, flat state into a cylindrical or pear shape, and its outer surface tightly adheres to the wall of the irregular borehole 100. When the grouting pressure reaches the design value (indicating that the bag is completely filled and compressed), grouting is stopped and the grouting port 4 is quickly sealed.

[0067] In some embodiments, the bladder band 300 is annular, and the second end of the exhaust pipe 2 passes through the middle of the bladder band 300. The length of the bladder band 300 is less than one-third of the length of the borehole 100.

[0068] Understandably, the exhaust pipe 2 passes through the center of the annular bladder band 300, ensuring that the bladder wall itself is intact and continuous. During filling and expansion, it is evenly stressed in all directions, with no structural weak points. This improves the sealing reliability of the bladder band 300.

[0069] In other words, the length of the wellhead plug is no longer set according to traditional empirical formulas, but is designed to be minimized based on the requirements for sealing explosive gases. Because the charge structure 1 and slurry inside the borehole 100 form a multi-stage pressure relief barrier, the pressure and impulse of the explosive gas reaching the wellhead are significantly reduced. Therefore, the wellhead bag 300 only needs to be filled to the critical anti-impact safety length (i.e., the minimum physical thickness that can block the remaining gas pressure through friction and inertia, for example, only 50% to 70% of the traditional plug length) to meet safety requirements. This allows the uppermost expanded section 11 to extend to the wellhead to the maximum extent, ensuring that the surface rock is effectively broken by the explosive energy.

[0070] Furthermore, since the slurry bag is arranged around the vent pipe 2, when the slurry is injected into the slurry bag, it applies a uniform radial pressure to the borehole wall of the borehole 100. This allows the slurry bag to form the tightest and most complete fit with the irregular borehole wall, avoiding localized incomplete sealing caused by eccentricity or uneven force on the slurry bag. Moreover, the middle part of the slurry bag 300 can also fit with the vent pipe 2, further ensuring the sealing of the borehole 100 and preventing the slurry inside the borehole 100 from flowing out through the gap between the slurry bag 300 and the vent pipe 2.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0073] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0075] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented plugging blasting method for upward drilling, characterized in that, include: Based on the engineering geological conditions and blasting effect requirements, blasting engineering design is carried out to determine drilling parameters, detonation sequence and sealing requirements; Based on the drilling parameters, a matching charge structure is selected. The charge structure includes an expanding section, a contracting connecting section, and an exhaust pipe. The expanding section is connected to the contracting connecting section. The expanding section is used to load explosives, and its outer peripheral wall has a barbed structure. The contracting connecting section is used to load the lead wire connecting the explosives. There are multiple expanding sections and contracting connecting sections. In the extension direction of the borehole, the expanding sections and contracting connecting sections are arranged alternately. The first end of the exhaust pipe penetrates the charge structure and is adjacent to the bottom wall of the borehole. The second end of the exhaust pipe is located on the outside of the borehole. The explosive charge structure, filled with explosives, is assembled outside the borehole according to the designed spacing and then pushed into the borehole. Seal the opening; The space between the charge structure and the borehole wall is filled with a quick-setting slurry, and the gas in the borehole is discharged through the exhaust pipe. After the slurry inside the borehole solidifies, the final connection of the detonation network is completed in a safe area outside the borehole. After a comprehensive inspection and the establishment of a warning zone, the network is activated by the detonation station to achieve detonation.

2. The segmented plugging blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial dimension of the enlarged section is greater than the radial dimension of the contracted connecting section but smaller than the radial dimension of the borehole.

3. The segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, Selecting a matching charge structure includes the following steps: Based on the radial decoupling coefficient ,Right now ,in, The diameter of the borehole. The charge diameter is calculated based on the charge diameter, and the inner diameter of the enlarged section is greater than or equal to the charge diameter.

4. The segmented plugging blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the extension direction of the borehole, both ends of the charge structure are configured as enlarged sections.

5. The segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: Based on the axial decoupling coefficient ,Right now ,in, This represents the total length of the explosives loaded within the borehole. The total length between two adjacent explosive loading points, and the relationship between the length of the expanding section and the length of the contracting connecting section, satisfy the following formula: ,in, The length of the enlarged segment, To shorten the length of the connecting segment, and .

6. The segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The enlarged section and the contracted connecting section are detachably connected.

7. The segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The enlarged segment includes a first connecting segment, an extension segment, and a second connecting segment connected in sequence. The first connecting segment and the second connecting segment are respectively used to connect to the contraction connecting segment. At least one of the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment is detachably connected to the extension segment.

8. The segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The barb structure includes a barb body and an elastic element. The first end of the barb body is connected to the enlarged section, and the second end of the barb body extends toward the opening of the drilled hole. The first end of the elastic element is connected to the enlarged section, and the second end of the elastic element is connected to the barb body, so that the extension direction of the barb body is arranged at an angle to the human axis of the drilled hole.

9. The segmented sealing blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of sealing the orifice includes the following steps: A bladder is used to seal the borehole opening. The second end of the vent pipe passes through the bladder, which has a grouting port for introducing quick-setting grout into the bladder to seal the borehole opening.

10. The segmented plugging blasting method for upward drilling according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bladder is annular, and the second end of the exhaust pipe protrudes from the middle of the bladder. The length of the bladder is less than one-third of the borehole length.

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