Electrochromic film control and state acquisition circuit and method for spacecraft

Abstract

The invention provides an electrochromic film control and state acquisition circuit and method for a spacecraft. The electrochromic film control and state acquisition circuit comprises a bus protection circuit, a voltage control circuit and a state acquisition circuit, the bus power supply protection circuit is connected with the voltage control circuit, and the state acquisition circuit is connected with the voltage control circuit and acquires the voltage output state. Wherein the bus protection circuit is formed by connecting a relay K1 and an asymmetric fuse, the voltage control circuit is connected with the adjusting end of the three-end voltage-regulator tube U1 through a relay K2, and a relay K3 is connected with the output stage of the three-end voltage-regulator tube U1 and the relay K2, so that the closing and opening of the relays are controlled through an external OC instruction to output four voltages. And the state acquisition circuit realizes monitoring of four positive and negative output voltages through series voltage division of resistors R5 and R6. According to the invention, the three-terminal voltage-regulator tube is controlled to output various voltages by switching the relay switch, so that the problem of various voltage requirements of the electrochromic film is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of voltage regulation of electrochromic thin films, and more specifically, to a control and status acquisition circuit and method for electrochromic thin films used in spacecraft. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic thin films are crucial materials for spacecraft thermal control, enabling the intelligent adjustment of spacecraft temperature by changing the film's color to control thermal radiation under different conditions. Currently, electrochromic thin films are controlled by power supply voltage, which is difficult to change, and the controller cannot adjust the voltage according to the color change requirement.

[0003] With the rapid development of the aerospace field, the demand for electrochromic thin films as thermal control materials is increasing. Traditional thin films that rely on a single power supply voltage to change color can no longer meet the thermal control requirements. If a variable power supply is used, it will require greater weight, which is no longer sufficient to meet the lightweight requirements of spacecraft.

[0004] Patent document CN204068690U discloses a power supply circuit capable of outputting multiple voltages. It uses three three-terminal Zener diodes connected in parallel to output three different voltages: 5V, 6V, and 9V, which can effectively meet the needs of some application scenarios. However, the disadvantages of this patent document are that it cannot achieve forward and reverse voltage output, the output voltage is fixed, it cannot be switched or adjusted, and the use of three three-terminal Zener diodes results in resource redundancy.

[0005] Patent document CN203660878U discloses a three-terminal voltage regulator circuit with zero-volt starting adjustment. It uses two three-terminal voltage regulator diodes to achieve zero-volt output adjustment, and adjusts the output voltage by adjusting a sliding rheostat, which can meet the needs of low-voltage output scenarios. However, the disadvantage of this patent document is that it cannot achieve reverse output, and the output voltage cannot be switched by command. Manual adjustment of the rheostat will introduce errors.

[0006] Patent document CN20770604U discloses a power controller for a portable electrochromic device that regulates the output voltage. This patent includes a power module, a voltage regulation module, and a control module. The voltage regulation module uses a reference voltage source and a power adjustment transistor architecture, enabling an adjustable voltage output of 1.28V to 5V and allowing switching of the output direction. The disadvantages of this patent document are that the controller is too large and requires precise voltage input.

[0007] Patent document CN220626932U discloses an input voltage regulation circuit for an electrochromic device. This circuit adjusts the input voltage of the electrochromic device by using a toggle switch, a linear voltage regulator chip, and a sliding rheostat to raise or lower the input voltage, resulting in an output voltage within a ±2.5V range. The drawback of this patent is that it cannot remotely control the output voltage, and the need to adjust the voltage via the sliding rheostat introduces potential errors.

[0008] Patent document CN212905962U discloses a voltage adjustment circuit for electrochromic glasses. It uses a control chip, a voltage regulator, a gear potentiometer, buttons, a current limiting chip, and a voltage regulator to manually switch output voltage levels. The output voltage is adjusted via a button, and an indicator light shows the current status. This voltage adjustment circuit uses the button control chip pin to ground to achieve different potentiometer connections, thus enabling different voltage outputs. The disadvantages of this patent are that it cannot output negative voltages, limiting its applicability, and the circuitry is too complex to be suitable for use with electrochromic films in spacecraft. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a control and status acquisition circuit and method for electrochromic thin films used in spacecraft.

[0010] The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit provided by the present invention includes: a bus protection circuit, a voltage control circuit, and a status acquisition circuit;

[0011] The bus power supply protection circuit is connected to the voltage control circuit; The status acquisition circuit is connected to the voltage control circuit to acquire the voltage output status; In the bus protection circuit, a first relay and an asymmetrical fuse are used to protect the input bus. In the voltage control circuit, a second relay is connected to the adjustment terminal of a three-terminal Zener diode, and a third relay is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the second relay. In the status acquisition circuit, the monitoring of four output voltages (positive and negative) is achieved by dividing the voltage through a series connection of a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor.

[0012] Preferably, the bus protection circuit includes a first relay, a first fuse, a second fuse, a first current-limiting resistor, a first filter capacitor, and a second filter capacitor; The first relay is connected to the positive power input; The first fuse is connected in series with the first current-limiting resistor and then in parallel with the second fuse. After being connected in parallel, one end of the first fuse and the second fuse is connected in series with the first relay, and the other end is connected in series with the input terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode. The first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor are connected in series. One end of the latter is connected in series with the input terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0013] Preferably, the voltage control circuit includes a three-terminal Zener diode, a first diode, a second diode, a second relay, a third relay, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a third filter capacitor, a fourth filter capacitor, a fifth filter capacitor, a sixth filter capacitor, and a seventh filter capacitor; The three-terminal Zener diode is provided with an input terminal, a voltage adjustment terminal, and an output terminal; The first diode is connected in parallel with the input and output terminals of the three-terminal Zener diode; After the first resistor, the second resistor, and the third resistor are connected in series, one end of the first resistor is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, and the other end is connected to the adjustment terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode; one end of the second resistor is connected to the adjustment terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, and the other end is connected to the second relay; one end of the third resistor is connected to the second relay, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. One end of the second relay is connected to the second resistor and the third resistor, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply; The second diode and the third filter capacitor are connected in series and their two ends are connected to the output terminal and the adjustment terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, respectively. The other end of the third filter capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The fourth and fifth filter capacitors are connected in series, with one end connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the other end connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The sixth and seventh filter capacitors are connected in series, with one end connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the other end connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The four input nodes of the third relay are respectively connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0014] Preferably, the first relay, the second relay, and the third relay each have a changeover switch, including a changeover contact, a normally closed contact, and a normally open contact. By default, the changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact; under external excitation, the changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact.

[0015] Preferably, the output voltage of the three-terminal Zener diode is adjusted by adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistor connected in series at its adjustable terminals. The second relay switch short-circuites the third resistor, affecting the series resistance value of the voltage adjustment terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode. The three-terminal Zener diode adjusts the output potential to achieve two levels of output voltage adjustment. The two sets of contacts of the third relay are connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the return line. When switching, the direction of the output voltage is switched to achieve a total of four voltage output levels.

[0016] Preferably, the voltage control circuit controls the switching of the first, second, and third relays via external commands to control the power-on, power-off, positive first voltage output, positive second voltage output, negative first voltage output, and negative second voltage output of the electrochromic film.

[0017] Preferably, the status acquisition circuit includes a first sampling resistor R5 and a second sampling resistor R6, and the two ends of the first sampling resistor and the second sampling resistor are connected in series to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the third relay, respectively.

[0018] Preferably, during forward output, the telemetry value is R6 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value; during reverse output, the telemetry value is R5 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value.

[0019] Preferably, the first diode is used to prevent reverse breakdown of the three-terminal regulator; the second diode is an output anti-lock-in diode, providing a freewheeling path and protecting the three-terminal regulator; the third filter capacitor is a regulator ripple rectification filter capacitor; the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh filter capacitors are used to adjust the output voltage ripple of the three-terminal regulator.

[0020] The method for controlling and acquiring the state of electrochromic thin films for spacecraft according to the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Control the switch of the first relay through external commands to realize the power supply and disconnection of the voltage control circuit; Step 2: Control the switch of the second relay via external commands to select the regulating resistor; control the switch of the third relay via external commands to reverse the output. Step 3: With the second relay off, the changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact, the second resistor is short-circuited, and the resistors connected to the adjusting terminal of the three-terminal regulator are the first and third resistors, achieving the first voltage output. When the command controls the second relay to switch states, the changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact, and the resistors connected to the adjusting terminal of the three-terminal regulator are the first, second, and third resistors, achieving the second voltage output. With the third relay off, the changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact, the negative terminal of the circuit output is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal regulator, and the other changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact, and the positive terminal of the circuit output is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, achieving reverse output. When the command controls the third relay to switch states, the changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact, the negative terminal of the circuit output is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the other changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact, and the positive terminal of the circuit output is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal regulator, achieving positive output. With the control of the second relay, four voltage levels are achieved: positive first voltage output, positive second voltage output, negative first voltage output, and negative second voltage output. Step 4: Acquisition of the working status of the electrochromic thin film drive control circuit. This is achieved by voltage division detection using the first sampling resistor R5 and the second sampling resistor R6. The voltage division value at the voltage detection point is calculated for each of the four output levels. When the output is positive, the telemetry value is R6 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value; when the output is negative, the telemetry value is R5 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The power supply of the electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit is controlled by a relay. In addition, the input bus is protected by an unbalanced double fuse, which improves the safety of the input bus. (2) By switching the relay switch to control the output of the three-terminal Zener diode to output multiple voltages in both forward and reverse directions, the problem of diverse voltage requirements of electrochromic films is solved. The circuit is simple and different voltage requirements can be achieved by changing the three-terminal Zener diode to adjust the terminal resistor. The circuit only requires a small-volume battery as input, which greatly reduces the load on the spacecraft. (3) The voltage control circuit uses rectifier filter capacitors and protection diodes to ensure stable operation of the circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the present invention applicable to the control and status acquisition circuit of electrochromic thin films. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Example like Figure 1 This invention provides a spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit, including a bus protection circuit, a voltage control circuit, and a status acquisition circuit; the bus power supply protection circuit is connected to the voltage control circuit to protect the input bus; the status acquisition circuit is connected to the voltage control circuit to acquire the voltage output status.

[0025] The busbar protection circuit includes a relay K1, fuses F1 and F2, a current-limiting resistor R1, and filter capacitors C1 and C2. Relay K1 is connected to the 28V positive input. Fuse F1 and the current-limiting resistor R1 are connected in series, then in parallel with fuse F2. One end of fuses F1 and F2 is connected in series with relay K1, and the other end is connected in series with the input terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode U1. Filter capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series, one end of which is connected in series with the input terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode U1, and the other end is connected to the 28V negative terminal. Fuses F1 and F2 have the same rated current, and the resistance of the current-limiting resistor R1 is more than 10 times the DC resistance of the fuses. Fuse detection points are set at the rear of fuses F1 and F2 to ensure circuit safety.

[0026] The voltage control circuit includes a three-terminal Zener diode U1, diodes V1 and V2, relays K2 and K3, resistors R2, R3, and R4, and filter capacitors C3, C4, C5, C6, and C6. The three-terminal Zener diode U1 has an input terminal IN, a voltage adjustment terminal ADJ, and an output terminal OUT. Diode V1 is connected in parallel with the Zener diode's input terminal IN and output terminal OUT. Resistors R2, R3, and R4 are connected in series. One end of resistor R2 is connected to the Zener diode U1's output terminal OUT, and the other end is connected to the Zener diode U1's adjustment terminal ADJ. One end of resistor R3 is connected to the Zener diode U1's adjustment terminal ADJ, and the other end is connected to relay K2. One end of resistor R4 is connected to relay K2, and the other end is connected to the 28V negative terminal. One end of relay K2 is connected to R3 and R4, and the other end is connected to the 28V negative terminal. Diode V2 and capacitor C3 are connected in series, and their two ends are connected to the output terminal OUT and the adjustment terminal ADJ of the three-terminal regulator U1, respectively. The other end of capacitor C3 is connected to the 28V negative terminal. One end of capacitors C4 and C5 are connected in series, and their two ends are connected to the output terminal OUT of the three-terminal regulator U1, and the other end is connected to the 28V negative terminal. One end of capacitors C6 and C7 are connected in series, and their two ends are connected to the output terminal OUT of the three-terminal regulator U1, and the other end is connected to the 28V negative terminal. The four input nodes of relay K3 are connected to the output terminal OUT of the three-terminal regulator U1 and the 28V negative terminal, respectively.

[0027] The relays K1, K2, and K3 each have internal changeover switches, including changeover contacts A3 and B3, normally closed contacts A1 and B1, and normally open contacts A2 and B2. By default, the changeover contacts are connected to the normally closed contacts. Under external OC excitation, the changeover contacts are connected to the normally open contacts.

[0028] The output voltage of the three-terminal Zener diode U1 can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistor connected in series with the ADJ terminal. The internal feedback circuit of the three-terminal Zener diode U1 obtains the output voltage of the OUT terminal and compares it with the device design reference voltage. The base potential is adjusted by the internal error amplifier and power amplifier to change the output voltage. The relay K2 switch short-circuits the resistor R4, affecting the series resistance value of the ADJ terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode U1. The three-terminal Zener diode U1 adjusts the output potential to achieve two levels of output voltage adjustment. The two contacts of the relay K3 are connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the return line. When switching, the direction of the output voltage is switched to achieve a total of four voltage output levels.

[0029] The voltage control circuit controls the switching of relays K1, K2, and K3 via six external OC commands to control the power-on, power-off, positive 3.3V output, positive 1.6V output, negative 3.3V output, and negative 1.6V voltage output of the electrochromic film.

[0030] Diode V1 is used to prevent reverse breakdown of the three-terminal regulator U1. Diode V2 is the output latch-up diode, providing a freewheeling path to protect the three-terminal regulator U1. Capacitor C3 is the ripple rectification and filtering capacitor for the regulator. Capacitors C4, C5, C6, and C7 are used to adjust the output voltage ripple of the three-terminal regulator. The output voltage of the three-terminal regulator U1 is independent of the input voltage; it is related to the resistance value of the resistor connected to the adjustment terminal ADJ. Different output voltages can be achieved by changing the adjustment resistor.

[0031] The status acquisition circuit includes resistors R5 and R6. Resistors R5 and R6 are connected in series, and their two ends are connected to the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT- of relay K3, respectively. The two output terminals of relay K3 supply power to the electrochromic film. The resistance values ​​of sampling resistors R5 and R6 are selected through calculation. A voltage detection point is set between resistors R5 and R6 to ensure that the voltage division values ​​obtained from the four voltage levels (positive 3.3V output, positive 1.6V output, negative 3.3V output, and negative 1.6V output) at the voltage detection point have clear boundaries, and the four voltage levels can be remotely measured to reflect the status of the four voltage outputs.

[0032] This invention also provides a method for controlling and acquiring the state of an electrochromic thin film, comprising the following steps: Step one: Control the switch of relay K1 via two external OC commands to turn the voltage control circuit on and off. When the circuit is in the on state, current enters the circuit through the unbalanced fuse, ensuring that the fuse blows in case of an emergency, protecting the bus circuit.

[0033] Step two: The three-terminal Zener diode obtains its output voltage through an internal feedback circuit and compares it with the device's design reference voltage. Then, the base potential is adjusted by an internal error amplifier and power amplifier to change the output voltage. Specifically, the output voltage is directly related to the resistance value connected to the adjustment terminal ADJ. The bus voltage input passes through a filter capacitor and then enters the three-terminal Zener diode U1. The switching of relay K2 is controlled by an external OC command to select the adjustment resistor, and the switching of relay K3 is controlled by an external OC command to achieve output commutation.

[0034] Step 3: With relay K1 closed, changeover contact A3 connects to normally closed contact A1, closing the circuit. When the OC command controls the circuit to open, changeover contact A3 connects to normally open contact A2, opening the circuit. With relay K2 closed, changeover contact A3 connects to normally closed contact A1, shorting resistor R3. The resistors connected to the Zener diode's adjustment terminal are R2 and R4, achieving a 1.6V output. When the OC command controls relay K2 to switch states, changeover contact A3 connects to normally open contact A2, and the resistors connected to the Zener diode's adjustment terminal are R2, R3, and R4, achieving a 3.3V output. With relay K3 closed, changeover contact A3 connects to normally closed contact A1, connecting the circuit's negative output to the Zener diode's output. Changeover contact B3 connects to normally closed contact B1, connecting the circuit's positive output to the 28V negative terminal, achieving reverse output. When the OC command controls the relay K3 to switch states, the changeover contact A3 connects to the normally open contact A2, and the negative terminal of the circuit output is connected to the 28V negative terminal. The changeover contact B3 connects to the normally open contact B2, and the positive terminal of the circuit output is connected to the output of a three-terminal voltage regulator, achieving reverse output. Combined with the control of relay K2, this enables four voltage levels: positive 3.3V output, positive 1.6V output, negative 3.3V output, and negative 1.6V output.

[0035] Step four: Diodes V1 and V2 protect the Zener diode, while capacitors C3, C4, C5, C6, and C7 adjust the output voltage ripple of the Zener diode.

[0036] Step 5: Acquiring the operating status of the electrochromic thin film drive control circuit. This is achieved using a voltage divider detection with resistors R5 and R6. The voltage divider value at the detection point is calculated for each of the four output levels. For positive output, the telemetry value is R6 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value; for reverse output, the telemetry value is R5 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value. By selecting appropriate resistor values, the boundaries of the voltage divider values ​​acquired at the voltage detection point for each of the four voltage levels are clearly defined, allowing the telemetry to clearly reflect the output status of each of the four voltage levels.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in addition to implementing the system, apparatus, and their modules provided by this invention in purely computer-readable program code, the same program can be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system, apparatus, and their modules provided by this invention can be considered a hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs can also be considered structures within the hardware component; alternatively, modules for implementing various functions can be considered both software programs implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0038] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A control and status acquisition circuit for an electrochromic thin film used in spacecraft, characterized in that, include: Busbar protection circuit, voltage control circuit, and status acquisition circuit; The bus power supply protection circuit is connected to the voltage control circuit; The status acquisition circuit is connected to the voltage control circuit to acquire the voltage output status; In the bus protection circuit, a first relay and an asymmetrical fuse are used to protect the input bus. In the voltage control circuit, a second relay is connected to the adjustment terminal of a three-terminal Zener diode, and a third relay is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the second relay. In the status acquisition circuit, the monitoring of four output voltages (positive and negative) is achieved by dividing the voltage through a series connection of a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor.

2. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bus protection circuit includes a first relay, a first fuse, a second fuse, a first current-limiting resistor, a first filter capacitor, and a second filter capacitor. The first relay is connected to the positive power input; The first fuse is connected in series with the first current-limiting resistor and then in parallel with the second fuse. After being connected in parallel, one end of the first fuse and the second fuse is connected in series with the first relay, and the other end is connected in series with the input terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode. The first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor are connected in series. One end of the latter is connected in series with the input terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

3. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage control circuit includes a three-terminal Zener diode, a first diode, a second diode, a second relay, a third relay, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a third filter capacitor, a fourth filter capacitor, a fifth filter capacitor, a sixth filter capacitor, and a seventh filter capacitor. The three-terminal Zener diode is provided with an input terminal, a voltage adjustment terminal, and an output terminal; The first diode is connected in parallel with the input and output terminals of the three-terminal Zener diode; The first resistor, the second resistor, and the third resistor are connected in series. One end of the first resistor is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, and the other end is connected to the adjustment terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode. One end of the second resistor is connected to the adjustment terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, and the other end is connected to the second relay. One end of the third resistor is connected to the second relay, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. One end of the second relay is connected to the second resistor and the third resistor, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply; The second diode and the third filter capacitor are connected in series and their two ends are connected to the output terminal and the adjustment terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode, respectively. The other end of the third filter capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The fourth and fifth filter capacitors are connected in series, with one end connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the other end connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The sixth and seventh filter capacitors are connected in series, with one end connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the other end connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The four input nodes of the third relay are respectively connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the negative terminal of the power supply.

4. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first, second, and third relays each have a changeover switch inside, including a changeover contact, a normally closed contact, and a normally open contact. By default, the changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact; under external excitation, the changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact.

5. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The three-terminal Zener diode adjusts the output voltage by adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistor connected in series at its adjustable terminals. The second relay switch short-circuites the third resistor, affecting the series resistance value of the three-terminal Zener diode's voltage adjustment terminal. The three-terminal Zener diode adjusts the output potential to achieve two levels of output voltage adjustment. The two sets of contacts of the third relay are connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode and the return line. When switching, the direction of the output voltage is switched to achieve a total of four voltage output levels.

6. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage control circuit controls the switching of the first, second, and third relays via external commands to control the power-on, power-off, positive first voltage output, positive second voltage output, negative first voltage output, and negative second voltage output of the electrochromic film.

7. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status acquisition circuit includes a first sampling resistor R5 and a second sampling resistor R6. The first sampling resistor and the second sampling resistor are connected in series and their two ends are respectively connected to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the third relay.

8. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, When outputting in the forward direction, the telemetry value is R6 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value; when outputting in the reverse direction, the telemetry value is R5 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value.

9. The spacecraft electrochromic thin film control and status acquisition circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first diode is used to prevent reverse breakdown of the three-terminal regulator; the second diode is an output anti-lock-in diode, providing a freewheeling path to protect the three-terminal regulator; the third filter capacitor is a regulator ripple rectification filter capacitor; the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh filter capacitors are used to adjust the output voltage ripple of the three-terminal regulator.

10. A method for controlling and acquiring the status of an electrochromic thin film for spacecraft, applied to the control and status acquisition circuit for an electrochromic thin film for spacecraft as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Control the switch of the first relay through external commands to realize the power supply and disconnection of the voltage control circuit; Step 2: Control the switch of the second relay through external commands to select the regulating resistor, and control the switch of the third relay through external commands to achieve output commutation; Step 3: With the second relay off, the changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact, the second resistor is short-circuited, and the resistors connected to the adjusting terminal of the three-terminal regulator are the first and third resistors, achieving the first voltage output. When the command controls the second relay to switch states, the changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact, and the resistors connected to the adjusting terminal of the three-terminal regulator are the first, second, and third resistors, achieving the second voltage output. With the third relay off, the changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact, the negative terminal of the circuit output is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal regulator, and the other changeover contact is connected to the normally closed contact, and the positive terminal of the circuit output is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, achieving reverse output. When the command controls the third relay to switch states, the changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact, the negative terminal of the circuit output is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the other changeover contact is connected to the normally open contact, and the positive terminal of the circuit output is connected to the output terminal of the three-terminal regulator, achieving positive output. With the control of the second relay, four voltage levels are achieved: positive first voltage output, positive second voltage output, negative first voltage output, and negative second voltage output. Step 4: Acquisition of the working status of the electrochromic thin film drive control circuit. This is achieved by voltage division detection using the first sampling resistor R5 and the second sampling resistor R6. The voltage division value at the voltage detection point is calculated for each of the four output levels. When the output is positive, the telemetry value is R6 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value; when the output is negative, the telemetry value is R5 / (R5+R6) times the output voltage value.

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