High-power ultraviolet lamp and ultraviolet device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ultraviolet devices, and particularly discloses a high-power ultraviolet lamp and an ultraviolet device. Wherein the high-power ultraviolet lamp comprises a discharge cavity and an amalgam accommodating cavity, the amalgam accommodating cavity is connected to one end of the discharge cavity, amalgam is arranged in the amalgam accommodating cavity, and a lamp filament is arranged in the discharge cavity; the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is greater than or equal to 27 mm, and the current density is greater than or equal to 0.7 A / cm < 2 >; the amalgam is an alloy containing In, Zn and Hg, the weight ratios of In, Zn and Hg are a, b and c, and a, b and c meet the following relation: a / c is more than 7 and less than 12, and b / c is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.5; t95 of the amalgam is greater than or equal to 25 DEG C. By implementing the invention, the high-power ultraviolet lamp with high conversion efficiency, high stability and high environmental adaptability can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultraviolet devices, and more particularly to a high-power ultraviolet lamp and an ultraviolet device. Background Technology

[0002] According to existing literature, the lamp diameter is 38mm (approximately 35mm inner diameter), and the lamp current is 0.425A (current density is 0.044A / cm²). 2 The fluorescent lamp reaches its maximum light output (i.e., the 254nm radiation inside the lamp reaches its maximum) at a cold junction temperature of 40℃, and the light output continuously fluctuates within a temperature range ΔT from 90% to 100%. 90 Approximately 30℃ (30~60℃). A cold end temperature of 40℃ corresponds to a mercury vapor pressure of 0.8 Pa inside the lamp. This 0.8 Pa is the optimal mercury vapor pressure P0 for a fluorescent lamp with a diameter of 38 mm (inner diameter approximately 35 mm) and a lamp current of 0.425 A.

[0003] Both ultraviolet (UV) lamps and fluorescent lamps are low-pressure mercury discharge lamps with similar characteristics. When environmental conditions change, the temperature of the liquid mercury or amalgam inside the lamp changes, as does the mercury vapor pressure, resulting in variations in the 254nm output efficiency and power. With the development of high-power UV lamps, their lamp current density (the ratio of lamp current to internal cross-sectional area) has increased to 5 to 20 times that of traditional fluorescent lamps. To reduce the number of UV lamps, using large-diameter, high-current-density, high-power UV lamps for water and air disinfection and purification is one approach.

[0004] The inventor stably controlled the current of the φ38mm (inner diameter φ35mm) ultraviolet lamp at 8A (current density of 0.832A / cm²). 2 Using a liquid mercury lamp, the mercury vapor pressure inside the lamp was changed by controlling the cold-end temperature, and the characteristics of its ultraviolet output changing with the cold-end temperature were tested. The tests revealed that the ultraviolet output reached its maximum at a cold-end temperature of approximately 41℃, and the mercury vapor pressure corresponding to this temperature was the optimal mercury vapor pressure P0; the 254nm ultraviolet output fluctuated continuously within a temperature range ΔT from 90% to 100%. 90 At approximately 7°C, compared to traditional fluorescent lamps with low lamp current density, ΔT 90 The range of UV output is significantly narrowed. Tests revealed that when the cold-end temperature is 30℃, the UV output is approximately 50% of its maximum value. At 50℃, the output is approximately 85% of its maximum value, and at 60℃, it is approximately 70%. This demonstrates that for large-diameter, low-pressure UV lamps, a significant increase in tube current density results in a shift in the optimal mercury vapor pressure compared to UV lamps of the same diameter but with lower current density, leading to a change in the stable output cold-end temperature range ΔT. 90The significant reduction means that the UV output becomes extremely sensitive to fluctuations in mercury vapor pressure. Even slight changes in mercury vapor pressure can lead to significant changes in the 254nm output efficiency and output power. For UV disinfection and advanced UV oxidation, the focus is on minimizing the output power and output efficiency under environmental conditions.

[0005] On the other hand, Bi-In-Hg alloys are currently widely used in ultraviolet lamps with larger tube diameters (inner diameter ≥ 27 mm) and high current densities. Some Bi-In-Hg alloys contain other metals. Tests conducted by the inventors on φ38 mm, 8A ultraviolet lamps using this type of mercury alloy on the market showed unstable 254 nm ultraviolet output, fluctuating significantly with changes in environmental conditions. A common approach to improvement is to introduce other metals into the alloy. For example, existing technologies disclose that adding metals such as Zn, Ni, Ti, Sn, Au, Ag, and Cu to Bi-In-Hg can solve the adhesion problem of the mercury alloy, improve its fluidity, and increase its melting temperature. However, the addition of these metals has varying effects on the mercury vapor pressure control performance of the mercury alloy, with some having a significant impact and others a very small one. The mercury vapor pressure control performance of mercury alloys is affected by many factors and is highly unpredictable. In theory, adding metals such as Ni and Ti to Bi-In-Hg alloys is problematic because Ni and Ti do not form compounds with Hg at normal pressure, and the decomposition temperature of Ni and Ti compounds with In is high, outside the operating temperature range of the mercury alloy, making it difficult to improve the mercury vapor pressure control performance. Adding Sn to Bi-In-Hg alloys significantly alters the alloy's ability to control mercury vapor pressure. The inventors found that adding 1% Sn completely negated the original mercury vapor pressure control properties of Bi-In-Hg. Adding Ag to Bi-In-Hg alloys leads to significant uncertainty in the alloy's ability to control mercury vapor pressure, as Ag readily forms various compounds with In and also with mercury. Adding metals such as Au and Cu to Bi-In-Hg alloys further complicates the process, as Au readily forms various compounds with In and also with mercury, resulting in significant uncertainty in the alloy's ability to control mercury vapor pressure. Cu reacts with Hg to form difficult-to-decompose mercury compounds, leading to a substantial reduction in the effective mercury content of the alloy.

[0006] Adding Sn to Bi-In-Hg alloys and Zn to In-Hg alloys alters the mercury vapor pressure. Currently, there is no systematic theory or model regarding the temperature-dependent changes in mercury vapor pressure in mercury alloys. Obtaining a satisfactory and stable mercury alloy exhibits considerable randomness and requires extensive research and testing.

[0007] On the other hand, as the lamp ignites, Ba and Hg in the electronic powder combine to form a stable Ba-Hg alloy. Alkaline earth metals in the glass migrate to the inner wall of the glass and combine with mercury to form an alkaline earth metal amalgam. Impurities inside the lamp release oxygen, forming mercury oxide. The mercury in the Ba-Hg alloy, alkaline earth metal amalgam, and mercury oxide cannot return to the original amalgam, leading to a continuous decrease in the mercury content in the amalgam. This causes the performance of the amalgam in controlling mercury vapor pressure to change continuously, resulting in significant light attenuation and low light maintenance in the later stages of the UV lamp's lifespan. For high-power UV lamps with an inner diameter ≥27mm, the Ba-Hg alloy, alkaline earth metal amalgam, and mercury oxide consume a large amount of mercury as the lamp ignites, leading to a continuous decrease in the mercury content in the amalgam. In the later stages of its lifespan, the performance of the amalgam in controlling mercury vapor pressure changes significantly compared to the initial stage, causing substantial changes in UV output efficiency. Existing technologies often reduce the change in the mercury content in the amalgam by adding excessive amounts of amalgam, thus mitigating the change in the amalgam's performance in controlling mercury vapor pressure. However, this causes severe mercury pollution, which is inconsistent with the trend of green and environmentally friendly development. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-power ultraviolet lamp and ultraviolet device with low mercury content, high ultraviolet output efficiency, high ultraviolet output maintenance rate, wide effective operating temperature range of mercury alloy, and strong environmental adaptability of ultraviolet lamp.

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention discloses a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge cavity and a mercury alloy receiving cavity. The mercury alloy receiving cavity is connected to one end of the discharge cavity and contains a mercury alloy. A filament is disposed within the discharge cavity. The invention is characterized in that the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is ≥27mm, and its current density (the ratio of lamp current to the inner circular cross-sectional area) is ≥0.7A / cm². 2 ; The mercury alloy is an alloy containing In, Zn, and Hg, with the weight percentages of In, Zn, and Hg being a, b, and c, respectively, where a, b, and c satisfy the following relationship: 7 < a / c < 12, 0.6 ≤ b / c < 1.5. The mercury alloy T 95 ≥25℃, where T 95 Calculate according to the following formula:

[0010] In the formula, This refers to the effective operating temperature range of mercury alloys. The minimum and maximum temperatures of the mercury alloy are shown, respectively, when the 254nm UV output (hereinafter referred to as UV output) of a high-power UV lamp continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100% during the early stage of its lifespan. These represent the minimum and maximum temperatures of the amalgam when the UV output of a high-power UV lamp continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100% in the later stages of its lifespan.

[0011] Specifically, in the early stages of the UV lamp's lifespan, the operating temperature range of the mercury alloy during which the UV lamp output continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100% is referred to as ΔT. 95 In the later stages of a UV lamp's lifespan, the operating temperature range of the mercury alloy during which the UV lamp's output continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100% is referred to as ΔT. 95 ′,ΔT 95 With ΔT 95 Overlapping temperature range T 95 The effective operating range of the mercury amalgam lamp is defined as the output of the ultraviolet lamp continuously fluctuating from 95% to 100%. 95 This refers to the operating temperature range of the mercury alloy used in ultraviolet lamps to achieve near-optimal UV output efficiency both at the beginning and end of their lifespan. A higher value indicates a wider operating temperature range that the mercury alloy can adapt to at the beginning and end of its lifespan, stronger environmental adaptability of the UV lamp, reduced light decay caused by the mercury alloy, higher UV lamp light maintenance rate, higher mercury efficiency in the mercury alloy, or a reduction in the amount of mercury injected into the UV lamp. This technical solution uses the aforementioned alloy containing In, Zn, and Hg in large-diameter, high-current-density UV lamps. Measurements have shown that its T... 95 With a temperature range of ≥25℃, this not only ensures a high UV output maintenance rate throughout the lifespan but also effectively reduces the mercury content within the UV lamp. Furthermore, the mercury alloy of this invention has a wide effective operating temperature range, strong environmental adaptability, stable UV output, and high UV output efficiency.

[0012] Specifically, a, b, and c satisfy the following relationships: 7 < a / c < 12, 0.6 ≤ b / c < 1.5. When a / c ≤ 7, the mercury vapor pressure of the amalgam within the operating temperature range is higher than P0, resulting in low UV output efficiency. When a / c ≥ 12, the UV lamp exhibits low light maintenance efficiency in the later stages of its lifespan. When b / c < 0.6, the mercury vapor pressure of the amalgam within the operating temperature range is higher than P0, resulting in low UV output efficiency. When b / c ≥ 1.5, the vapor pressure of the amalgam within the operating temperature range is lower than P0, resulting in low UV output efficiency.

[0013] It should be noted that, in this invention, the initial lifespan refers to the moment when the ultraviolet lamp is first used, or any moment within the first 1% of its lifespan. Preferably, the initial lifespan is any moment within 15-100 hours of the high-power ultraviolet lamp's ignition, ΔT 95 This refers to the effective working range of the amalgam lamp at that moment, where the ultraviolet output of the ultraviolet lamp continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100%.

[0014] In this invention, the later stage of lifespan refers to any moment within 10% of the remaining lifespan of the high-power ultraviolet lamp, but is not limited to this. Preferably, the later stage of lifespan is any moment after the loss of Hg from the mercury alloy reaches ≥17wt%. ΔT 95 '' represents the effective operating range of the mercury amalgam lamp at that moment, where the UV output continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100%. More specifically, for convenience, ΔT 95 ′ and T 95 In some implementation methods, during the early stages of the lifespan, approximately 20 wt% of mercury in the amalgam is removed by heating and vacuuming to simulate the later stages of the ultraviolet lamp's lifespan, and ΔT is measured. 95 For example, the mercury content in the amalgam can be reduced by 18-22 wt%, 18-20 wt%, 18-24 wt%, and 17-22 wt%, respectively, and then ΔT can be performed. 95 The determination of ′. Furthermore, it should be noted that the amount of mercury removed here refers to the amount calculated based on the initial mercury content of the low-pressure high-intensity ultraviolet lamp. It should also be noted that the amount of mercury lost by the amalgam during the later stages of the ultraviolet lamp's lifespan varies from 15wt% to 80wt%, depending on the specific lamp manufacturing process.

[0015] Preferably, in some embodiments, the mercury alloy is an In, Zn, Hg alloy, and a, b, c meet the following relationship: 8≤a / c<12, 0.6≤b / c≤1.2.

[0016] Preferably, in some embodiments, the mercury alloy is an In, Zn, Hg alloy, and a, b, c meet the following relationship: 9≤a / c≤11.8, 0.65≤b / c≤1.1.

[0017] Preferably, in some embodiments, the distance between the amalgam and the filament is 30~100mm. By controlling the distance between the filament and the amalgam, the working temperature of the amalgam can be effectively adjusted to ≤135℃, thereby enabling the amalgam to maintain a relatively stable mercury vapor pressure over a wide temperature range, improving conversion efficiency, optimizing stability, and maintaining stable ultraviolet output.

[0018] Preferably, in some embodiments, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 40~100mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm.

[0019] More preferably, in some embodiments, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33 mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.1 A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 60-75 mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.75~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 50-65 mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~55mm.

[0020] Preferably, in some embodiments, the mercury alloy is an In, Zn, Hg alloy; The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 40~100mm; 9≤a / c<12, 0.6≤b / c≤1.35; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 30~80mm; 8≤a / c≤11.5, 0.75≤b / c≤1.3; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm; 7<a / c≤10.5, 0.9≤b / c<1.5.

[0021] More preferably, in some embodiments, the mercury alloy is an In, Zn, Hg alloy; The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 60~75mm; 9≤a / c≤11.8, 0.65≤b / c≤1.1; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.75~0.95A / cm². 2The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 50~65mm; 8≤a / c≤11, 0.8≤b / c≤1.2; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~55mm; 7.5≤a / c≤10.5, 0.9≤b / c≤1.4.

[0022] Preferably, in some embodiments, a heating device is also included, which is fitted into the amalgam cavity.

[0023] Preferably, in some embodiments, the discharge cavity is covered with an insulating sleeve, the inner diameter of which is 3-16 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cavity; the insulating sleeve is either sealed or non-sealed with the discharge cavity. When the heat insulation sleeve is sealed to the discharge cavity, the space between the two is filled with an inert gas or air; the inert gas is selected from one or more of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon.

[0024] Preferably, in some embodiments, the discharge cavity is filled with an inert gas, which is selected from one or more of helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon.

[0025] Preferably, in some embodiments, the discharge cavity is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gas, wherein the volume ratio of neon to argon is ≥4.

[0026] Accordingly, the present invention also discloses an ultraviolet device comprising the aforementioned high-power ultraviolet lamp.

[0027] Implementing this invention has the following beneficial effects: In one embodiment of the present invention, a high-power ultraviolet lamp includes a discharge cavity and a mercury alloy receiving cavity. The mercury alloy receiving cavity is connected to one end of the discharge cavity and contains a mercury alloy. A filament is disposed within the discharge cavity. The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is ≥27mm, and its current density is ≥0.7A / cm². 2 The mercury alloy is an alloy containing In, Zn, and Hg, with the weight percentages of In, Zn, and Hg being a, b, and c, respectively, where a, b, and c satisfy the following relationships: 7 < a / c < 12, 0.6 ≤ b / c < 1.5; the ΔT of this mercury alloy in the early stage of its lifespan... 95 and ΔT in the later stages of life 95 The range is wide, and the overlapping range of the two is also wide, thus expanding T. 95This amalgam has a wide effective operating temperature range, thus effectively improving the environmental adaptability, output efficiency, and maintenance rate of the ultraviolet lamp. At the same time, it can also effectively reduce the amount of amalgam injected, making it environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front structural schematic diagram of a high-power ultraviolet lamp in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of section AA; Figure 3 This is a comparison of the temperature characteristic curves of a high-power ultraviolet lamp at the initial and end-of-life stages in one embodiment of the present invention; in the figure, η a Represents the early stages of life, η a ’ This indicates the later stages of life. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0035] Traditional ultraviolet lamps are prone to ΔT issues when using large-diameter tubes and high-current densities. 90 ΔT 95 ΔT 95 It suffers from problems such as significantly narrowed UV range, unstable UV output, low conversion efficiency, and poor adaptability to working environments. Moreover, there is a huge difference in UV output between the early and late stages of its lifespan, and the output maintenance rate is low.

[0036] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge cavity and a mercury alloy receiving cavity. The mercury alloy receiving cavity is connected to one end of the discharge cavity and contains a mercury alloy. A filament is disposed within the discharge cavity. The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is ≥27mm, and its current density is ≥0.7A / cm². 2 ; The mercury alloy is an alloy containing In, Zn, and Hg, with the weight percentages of In, Zn, and Hg being a, b, and c, respectively, where a, b, and c satisfy the following relationship: 7 < a / c < 12, 0.6 ≤ b / c < 1.5. The mercury alloy T 95 ≥25℃, where T 95 Calculate according to the following formula:

[0037] In the formula, This refers to the effective operating temperature range of mercury alloys. These represent the minimum and maximum temperatures of the amalgam when the UV output of a high-power UV lamp continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100% during the early stages of its lifespan. These represent the minimum and maximum temperatures of the amalgam when the UV output of a high-power UV lamp continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100% in the later stages of its lifespan.

[0038] In this invention, ΔT 95 With ΔT 95 Overlapping temperature range T 95 The effective operating range of the mercury amalgam lamp is defined as the output of the ultraviolet lamp continuously fluctuating from 95% to 100%. 95 This invention effectively characterizes the operating temperature range of the mercury alloy used in ultraviolet lamps to achieve near-optimal UV output efficiency in both the early and late stages of their lifespan. A higher value indicates a wider operating temperature range that the mercury alloy can adapt to at the beginning and end of its lifespan, stronger environmental adaptability of the ultraviolet lamp, reduced light decay caused by the mercury alloy, higher UV lamp light maintenance rate, higher mercury efficiency in the mercury alloy, or a reduction in the amount of mercury injected into the lamp. After extensive experimentation, this invention has been used in large-diameter, high-current-density ultraviolet lamps employing an alloy of In, Zn, and Hg within the aforementioned specific ratio range. Measurements have shown that its T... 95 With a temperature range of ≥25℃, this not only ensures a high UV output maintenance rate throughout the lifespan but also effectively reduces the mercury content within the UV lamp. Furthermore, the mercury alloy of this invention has a wide effective operating temperature range, strong environmental adaptability, stable UV output, and high UV output efficiency.

[0039] See Figures 1-2 As a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising: a discharge cavity 5, a mercury alloy receiving cavity, and a filament 2. The various parts are described in detail below.

[0040] -Discharge cavity 5 The discharge chamber 5 is the main structure of the high-power ultraviolet lamp, and it is generally made of quartz glass or other glass that transmits ultraviolet light, preferably quartz glass. In some embodiments, titanium dioxide may be doped into the quartz glass, which can shield ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 185nm. The wall thickness of the discharge chamber 5 is 0.8~3mm. If it is too thin, the strength is poor, and the positive column area is easily affected by the external environment. If it is too thick, it will easily reduce the ultraviolet transmittance and affect the radiation efficiency.

[0041] Specifically, the discharge cavity 5 can be a straight tube, a U-shaped tube, an H-shaped tube, a π-shaped tube, or a spiral tube, but is not limited to these.

[0042] Specifically, the discharge chamber 5 is filled with an inert gas, which increases the excitation of mercury atoms, reduces losses caused by collisions with the tube wall, and helps improve radiation efficiency. Specifically, the inert gas is one or more of helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon, but is not limited to these. Preferably, in some embodiments, the discharge chamber 5 is filled with a mixture of neon and argon, and the volume ratio of neon to argon is ≥4. This mixed gas is beneficial for increasing lamp voltage and lamp power, while also improving the output efficiency of large-diameter tubes and high current densities; more specifically, the volume ratio of neon to argon is (5~7):1, exemplarily 5.3:1, 5.6:1, 5.9:1, 6.2:1, 6.5:1, or 6.8:1, but is not limited to these.

[0043] Preferably, in some embodiments, an oxide coating, such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, yttrium oxide, or zirconium oxide, can be applied to the inner wall of the discharge cavity 5. This coating reduces the contact between alkaline earth metals and mercury, thus reducing light decay. It should be noted that during use, alkaline earth metals such as Na and Mg inevitably precipitate from the quartz tube. These alkaline earth metals readily form alloys with Hg, blocking ultraviolet light radiation and causing light decay. This also leads to a decrease in the Hg content in the mercury alloy 1. Introducing a coating can reduce light decay and achieve stable output.

[0044] - Filament 2 Filament 2 is the electrode of a high-power ultraviolet lamp. It provides energy for thermionic emission, maintains the discharge, and thus excites mercury to produce ultraviolet light. It is the core component of the ultraviolet lamp. Filament 2 is a spiral filament, and its main body is tungsten wire, which has good high-temperature resistance.

[0045] Specifically, the filaments 2 are arranged at both ends of the discharge cavity 5, and the shortest distance between the filaments 2 is the discharge arc length.

[0046] -Amalgam containment cavity The mercury alloy receiving cavity is used to contain the mercury alloy 1 and is located at the end of the discharge cavity 5, i.e., the cold end. The mercury alloy receiving cavity can be an integral structure formed with the discharge cavity 5, or it can be a separate and connected structure. Preferably, in some embodiments, at least one end of the discharge cavity 5 is provided with a clamping end 4, which is an integral structure formed with the discharge cavity 5, and the discharge cavity 5 is sealed by the clamping end 4. A mercury alloy receiving cavity is formed inside the clamping end 4, and one end of the mercury alloy receiving cavity is connected to the discharge cavity 5 to introduce the mercury vapor generated by the mercury alloy 1 into the discharge cavity 5. Specifically, the mercury alloy receiving cavity can be a structure connected to the clamping end 4, or it can be a groove extending from the clamping end 4 toward the discharge cavity 5, such as an exhaust pipe, but is not limited thereto. The receiving cavity can be spherical, quasi-spherical, ellipsoidal, tubular, or conical, but is not limited thereto.

[0047] Specifically, in order to facilitate the sealing and electrical connection of the ultraviolet lamp, a filament 2 is connected to the end of the clamping end 4 facing the discharge cavity 5, and an electrode lead 7 is provided at the end of the clamping end 4 away from the discharge cavity 5.

[0048] - Heating device 6 Preferably, in some embodiments, the high-power ultraviolet lamp further includes a heating device 6. This heating device 6 provides heat to heat the amalgam 1, stabilizing its operating temperature. It should be noted that when the ultraviolet lamp operates in a high-flow-rate or low-temperature environment for extended periods, simply controlling the position of the filament 2 and the amalgam 1 may not be sufficient to maintain a stable operating temperature for the amalgam 1. The introduction of the heating device 6 allows it to operate under low-temperature, high-flow-rate conditions, thereby raising the operating temperature of the amalgam 1 to a higher level, ensuring the mercury vapor pressure is near the optimal mercury vapor pressure (P0), guaranteeing high ultraviolet output efficiency and good output stability, and further improving environmental adaptability. Specifically, the introduction of the heating device 6 allows the ultraviolet lamp to maintain optimal efficiency even when the ambient temperature difference is around 50°C. Specifically, the heating device 6 can be a thermistor or a semiconductor heating device, but is not limited to these. Preferably, it is a thermistor, which has a simple structure, is easy to control, and is small in size and low in cost. It should be noted that the heating device 6 also includes a heating temperature controller 3 for controlling its heating temperature.

[0049] Specifically, the heating device 6 is in direct or indirect contact with the receiving cavity, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, in some embodiments, the receiving cavity is in direct contact with the heating device 6. More specifically, the heating device 6 has a sheet-like structure, with one side fitting against the receiving cavity and the other side connected to the heating thermostat 3.

[0050] -Insulation sleeve Preferably, in some embodiments, an insulating sleeve is also provided outside the discharge cavity 5, which can improve the heat preservation performance and optimize stability. Specifically, the inner diameter of the insulating sleeve is 3 to 16 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cavity 5; the insulating sleeve is either sealed or non-sealed with the discharge cavity 5.

[0051] Specifically, when the insulation sleeve is sealed to the discharge chamber 5, a first inert gas or air is filled between them; the first inert gas is selected from one or more of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, in some embodiments, when the insulation sleeve is sealed to the discharge chamber 5, the first inert gas is a mixture of nitrogen and argon.

[0052] Based on the above control over the components and structure of high-power ultraviolet lamps, stability can be further improved, enabling the ultraviolet lamps to maintain high efficiency and stability in an ultra-wide operating environment. Furthermore, it reduces vapor pressure fluctuations in the later stages of its lifespan, thus reducing light decay.

[0053] Furthermore, as a second aspect of the present invention, the composition of the mercury alloy is optimized as follows: Specifically, in some implementations: the mercury alloy is an alloy containing In, Zn, and Hg, with the weight percentages of In, Zn, and Hg being a, b, and c, respectively, where a, b, and c satisfy the following relationship: 7 < a / c < 12, 0.6 ≤ b / c < 1.5.

[0054] For example, the value of a / c in the amalgam is in the range of 7.2~8.3, 7.8~9.5, 8.3~10.4, 8.8~10.8, 9.2~11.1, 9.5~11.4 or 10~11.8, but is not limited thereto.

[0055] For example, the value of b / c in the amalgam ranges from 0.62 to 0.73, 0.67 to 0.78, 0.72 to 0.81, 0.76 to 0.91, 0.82 to 0.99, 0.89 to 1.03, 0.92 to 1.15, 1.05 to 1.21, 1.15 to 1.33 or 1.2 to 1.48, but is not limited to these values.

[0056] Furthermore, as a third aspect of the present invention, based on in-depth research into the structure of ultraviolet lamps, some embodiments of the present invention further incorporate control over the distance between the amalgam and the filament. Specifically, the distance between the amalgam and the filament is controlled to be 30~100mm to control the operating temperature of the amalgam to ≤135℃. Based on the above control over the distance between the filament and the amalgam, the operating temperature of the amalgam 1 can be effectively adjusted, its operating range can be broadened, the conversion efficiency of the high-power ultraviolet lamp can be improved, and its stability can be optimized.

[0057] It should be noted that the distance between the mercury alloy and the filament in this invention refers to the distance between the centers of the mercury alloy and the filament, i.e. Figure 1 d in.

[0058] It should also be noted that the operating temperature of the mercury alloy in this invention refers to the temperature of the outer wall of the mercury alloy receiving cavity. In an ultraviolet lamp, the discharge region is the positive column region, and the temperature of the tube wall in the positive column region is higher than the temperature at both ends, i.e., the two ends are cold ends. In this invention, the mercury alloy is located in the mercury alloy receiving cavity at the cold end, and the mercury alloy is in direct contact with the mercury alloy receiving cavity. For ease of measurement and control, the temperature of the outer wall of the mercury alloy receiving cavity is used as the operating temperature of the mercury alloy.

[0059] Furthermore, based on in-depth research into the operating temperature of mercury alloys and the specific structural parameters of ultraviolet lamps, this invention further optimizes the parameter configuration of high-power ultraviolet lamps as follows: The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 40~100mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm.

[0060] It should be noted that during the inventors’ detailed study of the discharge cavities of various tube diameters, they discovered that the optimal current density and the optimal distance between the amalgam and the filament differed for each tube diameter. Therefore, after a large number of experiments, the above range was determined. Based on the above parameter configuration, the working temperature of the amalgam can be controlled between 110 and 135°C. This allows the mercury vapor pressure of the amalgam to be accurately controlled near or slightly above the optimal mercury vapor pressure P0 required for ultraviolet lamps with large tube diameters and high current densities, and the ultraviolet lamp has near-maximum ultraviolet output efficiency.

[0061] Furthermore, the parameters of the high-power ultraviolet lamp are configured as follows: The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 60-75 mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.75~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 50-65 mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~55mm.

[0062] For example, when the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, the current density is any one of the following parameters: 0.8~0.95A / cm. 2 0.85~1.0A / cm 2 0.9~1.05A / cm 2 Or 0.95~1.15A / cm 2 However, it is not limited to this.

[0063] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, the distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is any one of the following parameters: 60~65mm, 65~70mm or 70~75mm.

[0064] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, the current density is any one of the following parameters: 0.75~0.8A / cm². 2 0.8~0.85A / cm 2 0.85~0.9A / cm 2 Or 0.9~0.95A / cm 2 However, it is not limited to this.

[0065] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, the distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is any one of the following parameters: 50~55mm, 55~60mm or 60~65mm, but not limited to these.

[0066] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, the current density is any one of the following parameters: 0.7~0.75A / cm². 2 0.75~0.8A / cm 2 0.8~0.85A / cm 2 Or 0.85~0.9A / cm 2 However, it is not limited to this.

[0067] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, the distance between the mercury alloy and the filament can be any one of the following parameters: 30~35mm, 35~40mm, 40~45mm, 45~50mm or 50~55mm, but is not limited to these.

[0068] Furthermore, the inventors discovered during experiments that different tube diameters and current densities exhibit varying sensitivities to mercury vapor pressure. To obtain the optimal mercury vapor pressure, it is necessary to specifically adjust the composition of the amalgam used for each tube diameter. Therefore, based on in-depth research into amalgam, tube diameter, current density, etc., the parameters of the high-power ultraviolet lamp are configured as follows: The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 40~100mm; 9≤a / c<12, 0.6≤b / c≤1.35; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 30~80mm; 8≤a / c≤11.5, 0.75≤b / c≤1.3; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm; 7<a / c≤10.5, 0.9≤b / c<1.5.

[0069] More preferably, in some embodiments, the parameters of the high-power ultraviolet lamp are configured as follows: The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 60~75mm; 9≤a / c≤11.8, 0.65≤b / c≤1.1; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.75~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 50~65mm; 8≤a / c≤11, 0.8≤b / c≤1.2; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~55mm; 7.5≤a / c≤10.5, 0.9≤b / c≤1.4.

[0070] For example, when the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, the current density is any one of the following parameters: 0.8~0.95A / cm. 2 0.85~1.0A / cm 2 0.9~1.05A / cm 2 Or 0.95~1.15A / cm 2However, it is not limited to this.

[0071] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, the distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is any one of the following parameters: 60~65mm, 65~70mm or 70~75mm.

[0072] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, the value of a / c in the mercury alloy can be any one of the following parameters: 9~9.4, 9.4~9.8, 9.8~10.2, 10.2~10.6, 10.6~11.0, 11.0~11.4 or 11.4~11.8, but is not limited to these.

[0073] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, the value of b / c in the mercury alloy is 0.65~0.7, 0.7~0.75, 0.75~0.8, 0.8~0.85, 0.85~0.9, 0.9~0.95, 0.95~1.0, 1.0~1.05 or 1.05~1.1, but is not limited to these values.

[0074] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, the current density is any one of the following parameters: 0.75~0.8A / cm². 2 0.8~0.85A / cm 2 0.85~0.9A / cm 2 Or 0.9~0.95A / cm 2 However, it is not limited to this.

[0075] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, the distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is any one of the following parameters: 50~55mm, 55~60mm or 60~65mm, but not limited to these.

[0076] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, the value of a / c in the mercury alloy can be any one of the following parameters: 8.0~8.5, 8.5~9.0, 9.0~9.5, 9.5~10.0, 10.0~10.5 or 10.5~11.0, but is not limited to these.

[0077] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, the value of b / c in the mercury alloy is 0.8~0.85, 0.85~0.9, 0.9~0.95, 0.95~1.0, 1.0~1.05, 1.05~1.1, 1.1~1.15 or 1.15~1.2, but is not limited to these values.

[0078] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, the current density is any one of the following parameters: 0.7~0.75A / cm². 20.75~0.8A / cm 2 0.8~0.85A / cm 2 Or 0.85~0.9A / cm 2 However, it is not limited to this.

[0079] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, the distance between the mercury alloy and the filament can be any one of the following parameters: 30~35mm, 35~40mm, 40~45mm, 45~50mm or 50~55mm, but is not limited to these.

[0080] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, the value of a / c in the mercury alloy can be any one of the following parameters: 7.5~8.0, 8.0~8.5, 8.5~9.0, 9.0~9.5, 9.5~10.0 or 10.0~10.5, but is not limited to these.

[0081] When the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, the value of b / c in the mercury alloy is 0.9~0.95, 0.95~1.0, 1.0~1.05, 1.05~1.1, 1.1~1.15, 1.15~1.2, 1.2~1.25, 1.25~1.3, 1.3~1.35 or 1.35~1.4, but is not limited to these values.

[0082] Based on the above arrangement parameters, the mercury vapor pressure of the amalgam varies very little in the range of 110℃ to 135℃, and is close to the optimal mercury vapor pressure for each tube diameter and current density, which greatly improves the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the high-power ultraviolet lamp, and ensures stable ultraviolet output under various operating environments.

[0083] Accordingly, the present invention also provides an ultraviolet device, which includes the aforementioned high-power ultraviolet lamp. It also includes commonly used ballasts, electronic control systems, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0084] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments: Example Group 1 This embodiment provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, which includes a discharge cavity, a clamping end, a filament, a heating device, electrode leads, and a heat-insulating sleeve. The discharge cavity is made of quartz glass and is a straight tube with a filament at each end. The total arc length of the discharge cavity is 1440 mm. The discharge cavity is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gas, with a volume ratio of neon to argon of 5.5. The clamping end is located at one end of the discharge cavity and forms a mercury alloy receiving cavity, which contains mercury alloy. The inner diameter of the heat-insulating sleeve is 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cavity. The heat-insulating sleeve and the discharge cavity are connected in a non-sealed manner, with air between them.

[0085] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 35 mm, and the current density is 0.83 A / cm². 2 The distance d between the amalgam and the filament is 55 mm.

[0086] The specific formulation of the mercury alloy in this embodiment is shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1. Formulation and properties of mercury alloys in Example Group 1

[0088] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge chamber, a clamping end, a filament, a heating device, electrode leads, and an insulating sleeve. The discharge chamber is made of quartz glass and is a straight tube with a filament at each end. The total arc length of the discharge chamber is 1440 mm. The discharge chamber is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gases, with a neon to argon volume ratio of 5.5. The clamping end is located at one end of the discharge chamber and forms a mercury alloy receiving cavity containing mercury alloy. The inner diameter of the insulating sleeve is 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge chamber. The insulating sleeve and the discharge chamber are connected in a non-sealed manner, with air between them.

[0089] In this comparative group, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity was 35 mm, and the current density was 0.83 A / cm². 2 The distance d between the amalgam and the filament is 55 mm.

[0090] In this comparative example group, the mercury alloy is an In-Zn-Hg alloy, and its specific composition is shown in Table 2.

[0091] Table 2. Formulation and properties of the mercury alloy in Comparative Example 1

[0092] Example 2 This embodiment provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge chamber, a clamping end, a filament, a heating device, electrode leads, and a heat-insulating sleeve. The discharge chamber is made of quartz glass and is a straight tube with a filament at each end. The total arc length of the discharge chamber is 1440 mm. The discharge chamber is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gases, with a neon to argon volume ratio of 5.5. The clamping end is located at one end of the discharge chamber and forms a mercury alloy receiving cavity, which contains mercury alloy. The inner diameter of the heat-insulating sleeve is 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge chamber. The heat-insulating sleeve and the discharge chamber are connected without a seal, with air between them.

[0093] In this embodiment, the mercury alloy is an In-Zn-Hg alloy with an In content (a) of 79.1 wt%, a Zn content (b) of 11.6 wt%, and a Hg content (c) of 9.3 wt%, i.e., a / c = 8.51 and b / c = 1.25.

[0094] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 35 mm, and the current density is 0.73 A / cm². 2 The distance d between the amalgam and the filament is 55 mm.

[0095] Example 3 This embodiment provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge chamber, a clamping end, a filament, a heating device, electrode leads, and a heat-insulating sleeve. The discharge chamber is made of quartz glass and is a straight tube with a filament at each end. The total arc length of the discharge chamber is 1440 mm. The discharge chamber is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gases, with a neon to argon volume ratio of 5.5. The clamping end is located at one end of the discharge chamber and forms a mercury alloy receiving cavity, which contains mercury alloy. The inner diameter of the heat-insulating sleeve is 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge chamber. The heat-insulating sleeve and the discharge chamber are connected without a seal, with air between them.

[0096] In this embodiment, the mercury alloy is an In-Zn-Hg alloy with an In content (a) of 79.1 wt%, a Zn content (b) of 11.6 wt%, and a Hg content (c) of 9.3 wt%, i.e., a / c = 8.51 and b / c = 1.25.

[0097] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 35 mm, and the current density is 0.83 A / cm². 2 The distance d between the amalgam and the filament is 45 mm.

[0098] Example 4 This embodiment provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge chamber, a clamping end, a filament, a heating device, electrode leads, and a heat-insulating sleeve. The discharge chamber is made of quartz glass and is a straight tube with a filament at each end. The total arc length of the discharge chamber is 1440 mm. The discharge chamber is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gases, with a neon to argon volume ratio of 5.5. The clamping end is located at one end of the discharge chamber and forms a mercury alloy receiving cavity containing mercury alloy. The inner diameter of the heat-insulating sleeve is 8 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge chamber. The heat-insulating sleeve and the discharge chamber are connected without a seal, with air between them.

[0099] In this embodiment, the mercury alloy is an In-Zn-Hg alloy with an In content (a) of 83.3 wt%, a Zn content (b) of 8.6 wt%, and a Hg content (c) of 8.1 wt%, i.e., a / c = 10.28 and b / c = 1.06.

[0100] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 38 mm, and the current density is 0.90 A / cm². 2 The distance d between the amalgam and the filament is 50 mm.

[0101] Example 5 This embodiment provides a high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge chamber, a clamping end, a filament, a heating device, electrode leads, and a heat-insulating sleeve. The discharge chamber is made of quartz glass and is a straight tube with a filament at each end. The total arc length of the discharge chamber is 1440 mm. The discharge chamber is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gases, with a neon to argon volume ratio of 5.5. The clamping end is located at one end of the discharge chamber and forms a mercury alloy receiving cavity containing mercury alloy. The inner diameter of the heat-insulating sleeve is 8 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge chamber. The heat-insulating sleeve and the discharge chamber are connected without a seal, with air between them.

[0102] In this embodiment, the mercury alloy is an In-Zn-Hg alloy with an In content (a) of 86.2 wt%, a Zn content (b) of 6.1 wt%, and a Hg content (c) of 7.7 wt%, i.e., a / c = 11.19 and b / c = 0.79.

[0103] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 30 mm, and the current density is 1.03 A / cm². 2 The distance d between the amalgam and the filament is 72 mm.

[0104] The ultraviolet lamps obtained in Examples 1-1, 2-5, were tested according to the methods in "Low-Pressure High-Intensity Ultraviolet Lamps" (GB / T44755-2024). The initial ultraviolet radiation efficiency refers to the initial highest ultraviolet radiation efficiency (industry convention), and the ultraviolet radiation maintenance rate refers to the rate at which the minimum ultraviolet radiation power is maintained within the operating water temperature range of 5-30℃ after 12000 hours of normal operation. The minimum ultraviolet radiation power is the parameter that truly evaluates the ultraviolet output characteristics. Specific test results are shown in the table below:

[0105] It should be noted that the above data, measured in the laboratory, are affected by the accuracy of instruments such as thermometers and ultraviolet light intensity, as well as slight deviations in the performance of mercury alloys during each test. These deviations will affect ΔT95 and ΔT. 95 The slight errors are caused by parameters such as T95, UV output efficiency, and UV radiation power maintenance rate.

[0106] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the described embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0107] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-power ultraviolet lamp, comprising a discharge cavity and a mercury alloy receiving cavity, the mercury alloy receiving cavity being connected to one end of the discharge cavity, the mercury alloy receiving cavity containing a mercury alloy, and the discharge cavity containing a filament; characterized in that... The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is ≥27mm, and its current density is ≥0.7A / cm². 2 ; The mercury alloy is an alloy containing In, Zn, and Hg, with the weight percentages of In, Zn, and Hg being a, b, and c, respectively, where a, b, and c satisfy the following relationship: 7 < a / c < 12, 0.6 ≤ b / c < 1.

5. The mercury alloy T 95 ≥25℃, where T 95 Calculate according to the following formula: In the formula, This refers to the effective operating temperature range of mercury alloys. The values ​​represent the minimum and maximum temperatures of the amalgam when the 254nm UV output of a high-power UV lamp continuously fluctuates from 95% to 100% during the early stages of its lifespan. The minimum and maximum temperatures of the amalgam are respectively the values ​​of the high-power ultraviolet lamp when the 254nm ultraviolet output fluctuates continuously from 95% to 100% during the later stages of its lifespan.

2. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mercury alloy is an In, Zn, Hg alloy, and a, b, c meet the following relationship: 8≤a / c<12, 0.6≤b / c≤1.

2.

3. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mercury alloy is an In, Zn, Hg alloy, and a, b, c meet the following relationship: 9≤a / c≤11.8, 0.65≤b / c≤1.

1.

4. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The initial lifespan refers to any moment within the first 1% of the lifespan of the high-power ultraviolet lamp. The later stage of the lifespan is the point at which approximately 20 wt% of Hg is lost from the amalgam.

5. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 30~100mm.

6. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 40~100mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm.

7. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.1A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 60-75 mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.75~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 50-65 mm; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~55mm.

8. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mercury alloy is an In, Zn, and Hg alloy; The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 40~100mm; 9≤a / c<12, 0.6≤b / c≤1.35; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 30~80mm; 8≤a / c≤11.5, 0.75≤b / c≤1.3; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~80mm; 7<a / c≤10.5, 0.9≤b / c<1.

5.

9. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mercury alloy is an In, Zn, and Hg alloy; The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 27~33mm, and the current density is 0.8~1.15A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 60~75mm; 9≤a / c≤11.8, 0.65≤b / c≤1.1; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 33~36mm, and the current density is 0.75~0.95A / cm². 2 The distance between the amalgam and the filament is 50~65mm; 8≤a / c≤11, 0.8≤b / c≤1.2; or The inner diameter of the discharge cavity is 36~40mm, and the current density is 0.7~0.9A / cm². 2 The distance between the mercury alloy and the filament is 30~55mm; 7.5≤a / c≤10.5, 0.9≤b / c≤1.

4.

10. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heating device that is fitted into the amalgam cavity.

11. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge cavity is covered with an insulating sleeve, the inner diameter of which is 3-16 mm larger than the outer diameter of the discharge cavity; the insulating sleeve is either sealed or non-sealed with the discharge cavity.

12. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge cavity is filled with an inert gas, which is selected from one or more of helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon.

13. The high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The discharge cavity is filled with a mixture of neon and argon gas, with a volume ratio of neon to argon ≥ 4.

14. An ultraviolet device, characterized in that, Including the high-power ultraviolet lamp as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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