Small-volume water replenishing method and related personal water replenishing system

Abstract

A method of delivering fluid to a user during an activity includes a fluid reservoir, a fluid pump, an electric pump, an electric motor, a battery, an alert device, a drinking button, a processor, and a fluid delivery device configured to deliver fluid to the user for ingestion. The perspiration rate is equal to the active fluid delivery rate and determines a fluid delivery plan having a fluid drinking volume and a fluid drinking frequency. The fluid drinking volume of the fluid is limited by the fluid drinking volume range. The fluid drinking frequency of the fluid is limited by the fluid drinking frequency range. The alert device repeatedly notifies the user whenever the frequency of fluid drinking has elapsed. A drinking button switches on the electric motor and lasts for an operating time configured to deliver a fluid drinking volume through the fluid delivery device.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 512,892, filed July 10, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. Technical Field

[0002] This invention generally relates to hydration. More specifically, this invention relates to a method for small-volume hydration and a personal hydration system configured to perform this method. Background Technology

[0003] The human body relies on water for survival. Every cell, tissue, and organ in your body needs water to function properly. For example, the human body uses water to maintain its body temperature, remove waste, and lubricate joints. Overall good health and performance require water. This is especially important during high-intensity activities, such as exercise, competing in sporting events, or working in hazardous environments. For example, delivering fluids to a mountain biker is difficult when riding on challenging and dangerous terrain. Delivering fluids to a race car driver is difficult when racing. Delivering fluids to a soldier is difficult when training, transporting, or on the battlefield. Those skilled in the art will understand that delivering necessary hydration is difficult when a person is engaged in such activities. Proper hydration not only improves physical performance but also mental performance. Therefore, there is a need to develop a fluid delivery method and system that is easy to wear and / or transport for improving hydration and performance. This invention addresses these needs and provides other related advantages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An exemplary embodiment of a method for delivering fluid to a user during an activity includes the following steps: providing a fluid reservoir; providing a fluid pump in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir; providing a fluid delivery device configured to deliver the fluid to the user for ingestion, the fluid delivery device being in fluid communication with the fluid pump; providing an electric motor configured to drive the fluid pump; providing a battery configured to provide power to the electric motor; providing a processor electrically connected to and controlling the electric motor driving the fluid pump; determining the sweating rate of the activity and setting the sweating rate equal to the fluid delivery rate of the activity; determining a fluid delivery plan based on the fluid delivery rate; wherein the fluid delivery plan includes a fluid drinking volume and a fluid drinking frequency; wherein the fluid drinking volume is influenced by fluid consumption. The volume range is limited; the drinking frequency of the fluid is limited by a range of drinking frequencies; at least one alarm device is provided that is electrically in communication with the processor, the at least one alarm device comprising: a light, a speaker, and / or a vibrator; the at least one alarm device repeatedly notifies the user whenever the drinking frequency controlled by the processor has expired, the drinking frequency being configured to restart whenever the drinking frequency has expired during the activity; a drinking button is provided that is operably (wired or wirelessly) connected to the processor, the drinking button being configured to send a drinking command to the processor; and wherein, when the user activates the drinking button, the processor is configured to activate the electric motor for a continuous running time, the running time being configured to deliver the drinking volume of the fluid from the fluid reservoir via the fluid delivery device and distribute the drinking volume of the fluid to the user for ingestion.

[0005] In other exemplary embodiments, the fluid drinking volume can be greater than or equal to 5 ml and less than or equal to 25 ml. The fluid drinking volume can be greater than or equal to 5 ml and less than or equal to 50 ml. The fluid drinking frequency can be greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 5 minutes. The fluid drinking frequency can be greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 10 minutes. The fluid drinking frequency can be greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 4 minutes. In other embodiments, the fluid drinking frequency can be greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 2.5 minutes. The fluid drinking volume can be no less than 5 ml and no more than 25 ml. The fluid drinking frequency can be no less than 30 seconds and no more than 5 minutes.

[0006] It may include the step of providing computer-executable software configured to execute on a personal electronic device, wherein the computer-executable software is configured to communicate at least temporarily with the processor.

[0007] The computer-executable software may include algorithms configured to execute on a possible personal electronic device.

[0008] The personal electronic device used by the user may include a step of manually inputting at least one static variable describing the user into the algorithm, wherein the at least one static variable describing the user includes: weight, height, age, or gender.

[0009] The personal electronic device executing the algorithm may include the step of receiving at least one static variable describing the activity into the algorithm, wherein the at least one static variable describing the activity includes: activity difficulty, distance traveled, altitude traveled, or activity description.

[0010] The step of determining the sweating rate via the algorithm can be based at least in part on the at least one static variable describing the user and the at least one static variable describing the activity.

[0011] This may include the step of the processor receiving the fluid delivery plan from the personal electronic device.

[0012] It may include a step of allowing the user to adjust the fluid delivery schedule between the fluid drinking volume range and the fluid drinking frequency range via the personal electronic device executing the algorithm.

[0013] The adjustment of the fluid drinking volume and the fluid drinking frequency can be linked, wherein a single adjustment of the fluid delivery schedule changes both the fluid drinking volume and the fluid drinking frequency accordingly to keep them within their respective ranges, wherein the active fluid delivery rate remains unchanged.

[0014] The personal electronic device executing the algorithm may include the step of receiving at least one static variable describing the environment into the algorithm to determine the sweating rate, wherein the at least one static variable describing the environment includes: ambient temperature, relative humidity, altitude, solar radiation load, wind speed, and wet-bulb temperature.

[0015] The process may include the step of receiving at least one static variable describing the microclimate via the personal electronic device executing the algorithm to determine the sweating rate, wherein the at least one static variable describing the microclimate includes: clothing, vehicle shell, welding suit, chemical protective clothing, and / or high-temperature environment.

[0016] The rate of sweating can be equal to the amount of sweat required for body cooling minus the amount of body cooling through radiation, conduction, and convection.

[0017] This may include steps to prevent the user from allocating the fluid drinking volume outside of the fluid delivery plan.

[0018] It may include the step of allowing the user to allocate the fluid drinking volume outside the fluid delivery plan and without adjusting the fluid delivery plan.

[0019] The step of determining the fluid delivery plan based on the fluid delivery rate includes adding a buffer amount, which is configured to address the user's dehydration state at the start of the activity.

[0020] The sweating rate determined by the algorithm may disregard the user's dynamic heart rate measurement during the activity.

[0021] The sweating rate determined by the algorithm may disregard the user's dynamic sweating rate measurement during the activity.

[0022] It may include the step of calculating a fluid delivery plan compliance score based on the degree to which the user follows the fluid delivery plan, via the algorithm executed on the personal electronic device.

[0023] The method of delivering fluid to the user during the activity may not include the use of a flow meter.

[0024] The algorithm can determine the sweating rate before the activity occurs, wherein the sweating rate is a predicted sweating rate.

[0025] The activity may exclude sedentary behavior, which involves a heart rate below 90 beats per minute.

[0026] The fluid delivery device may include a head-mounted device configured to be worn by the user, the head-mounted device including a fluid nozzle located in front of the user's mouth, the fluid nozzle having an orifice diameter, wherein when the user activates the drinking button, a volume of fluid to be consumed is dispensed from the fluid nozzle to the user for ingestion.

[0027] The flow rate from the fluid nozzle of the fluid pump driven by the electric motor can be from a minimum of 0.6 liters per minute to a maximum of 1 liter per minute.

[0028] The orifice diameter of the fluid nozzle is from a minimum of 2.5 mm to a maximum of 3.2 mm.

[0029] It may include a refill button electrically connected to the processor, the refill button being configured to operate the electric motor in contrast to the drinking button, the refill button enabling the fluid reservoir to be filled via the fluid delivery device.

[0030] The fluid reservoir, the fluid pump, the electric motor, the battery, the processor, the at least one alarm device, and the drinking button may all be integrated and / or housed in a backpack configured to be worn by the user.

[0031] The process may include steps of calibrating the electric motor, the electric pump, and the fluid delivery device to provide the drinking volume of fluid. The calibration steps include instructing the user via the personal electronic device to press and hold the drinking button until a predetermined volume of fluid is delivered from the fluid delivery device into the measuring container, determining the amount of time required to reach the predetermined volume of fluid, calculating the actual flow rate, and using the actual flow rate to determine the operating time of the electric motor for providing the drinking volume of fluid.

[0032] Alternative calibration steps may include: instructing the user to press the drinking button via the personal electronic device and capturing fluid delivered from the delivery device into a measuring device, delivering the fluid for a predetermined duration, receiving input from the user corresponding to the amount of fluid delivered during the predetermined time, calculating the actual flow rate, and using the actual flow rate to determine the operating time of the electric motor for providing the volume of fluid for drinking.

[0033] Another exemplary embodiment of a method for delivering fluid to a user during an activity includes the steps of: providing a fluid reservoir; providing a fluid pump in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir; providing a fluid delivery device configured to deliver the fluid to the user for ingestion, the fluid delivery device being in fluid communication with the fluid pump; providing an electric motor configured to drive the fluid pump; providing a battery configured to provide power to the electric motor; providing a processor electrically connected to and controlling the electric motor driving the fluid pump; and providing computer-executable software configured to execute on a personal electronic device, the computer being capable of... The execution software is configured to communicate at least temporarily with the processor; wherein the computer-executable software includes an algorithm configured to execute on the personal electronic device; via the personal electronic device executing the algorithm, at least one static variable describing the user is received, the at least one static variable describing the user including: weight, height, age, or gender; via the personal electronic device executing the algorithm, at least one static variable describing the activity is received, the at least one static variable describing the activity including: activity difficulty, distance traveled, altitude traveled, or activity description; via the algorithm, a determination is made based on the at least one static variable describing the user and the at least one static variable describing the activity. Sweat rate; setting the sweat rate equal to the fluid delivery rate of the activity; determining a fluid delivery plan based on the fluid delivery rate via the algorithm; wherein the fluid delivery plan includes a fluid volume and a fluid drinking frequency; wherein the fluid volume is limited by a fluid volume range greater than or equal to 5 ml and less than or equal to 25 ml; wherein the fluid drinking frequency is limited by a fluid drinking frequency range greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 5 minutes; the fluid delivery plan is received by the processor from the personal electronic device; at least one alarm device electrically connected to the processor is provided. The at least one alarm device includes: a light, a speaker, and / or a vibrator; the at least one alarm device repeatedly notifies the user whenever the fluid drinking frequency controlled by the processor has expired, the fluid drinking frequency being configured to restart whenever the fluid drinking frequency has expired during the activity; a drinking button operably connected to the processor is provided, the drinking button being configured to send a drinking command to the processor; and wherein, when the user activates the drinking button, the processor is configured to activate the electric motor for continuous operation, the operation time being configured to deliver the fluid drinking volume from the fluid reservoir via the fluid delivery device and distribute the fluid drinking volume to the user for ingestion.

[0034] Another exemplary embodiment of a method for delivering fluid to a user during an activity includes the following steps: providing a fluid reservoir; providing a fluid pump in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir; providing a fluid delivery device configured to deliver the fluid to the user for ingestion, the fluid delivery device being in fluid communication with the fluid pump; providing an electric motor configured to drive the fluid pump; providing a battery configured to provide power to the electric motor; providing a processor electrically connected to and controlling the electric motor driving the fluid pump; and programming the processor with a fluid delivery plan, wherein the fluid delivery plan includes fluid intake based on predicted fluid loss by the user through perspiration during the activity. The processor includes a volume and a fluid drinking frequency; it provides at least one alarm device electrically communicating with the processor, the at least one alarm device comprising: a light, a speaker, and / or a vibrator; the at least one alarm device repeatedly notifies the user whenever the fluid drinking frequency controlled by the processor has elapsed, the fluid drinking frequency being configured to restart whenever the fluid drinking frequency has elapsed during the activity; it provides a drinking button operably connected to the processor, the drinking button being configured to send a drinking command to the processor; and wherein, when the user activates the drinking button, the processor is configured to activate the electric motor for a continuous running time, the running time being configured to deliver the fluid drinking volume from the fluid reservoir via the fluid delivery device and distribute the fluid drinking volume to the user for ingestion.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following more detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the principles of the invention by way of example. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention. In these drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the personal fluid delivery system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of one embodiment of the invention, now implemented as a backpack with a helmet-mounted nozzle;

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Another isometric view of the structure;

[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Another isometric view of the structure;

[0041] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the box assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Another isometric view of the structure viewed from the opposite side;

[0043] Figure 7 It comes from Figure 5 An isometric view of the interior of the box structure, now with the cover removed;

[0044] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of an embodiment of the fluid reservoir of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Another isometric view of the structure viewed from the opposite side;

[0046] Figure 10 This is an isometric view of the control panel used in this invention;

[0047] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of the control panel;

[0048] Figure 12 This is an isometric view of the battery indicator panel used in this invention;

[0049] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A magnified view of the battery indicator panel;

[0050] Figure 14A This is an isometric view of the wireless drinking button of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 14B This is what we are looking at from the bottom now. Figure 14A Another isometric view of the structure;

[0052] Figure 15A This is an isometric view of the wireless drinking button of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 15B This is what we are looking at from the bottom now. Figure 15A Another isometric view of the structure;

[0054] Figure 16A This is an isometric view of the wireless drinking button of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 16B This is what we are looking at from the bottom now. Figure 16A Another isometric view of the structure;

[0056] Figure 17AThis is a schematic diagram illustrating another embodiment of a drinking trigger in the form of a ring;

[0057] Figure 17B This is a sketch showing the ring from the 17A structure now worn by the user;

[0058] Figure 18 This is a simplified schematic diagram of another embodiment of the personal fluid delivery system of the present invention, now implemented in a bottle;

[0059] Figure 19 A simplified flowchart of the algorithm used in this invention is shown;

[0060] Figure 20 These are pictures of one embodiment of a typical personal electronic device that enables the computer-executable software application of the present invention to run;

[0061] Figure 21 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, with an introductory screen shown here;

[0062] Figure 22 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention; another introductory screen is now shown.

[0063] Figure 23 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention; another introductory screen is now shown.

[0064] Figure 24 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention; another introductory screen is now shown.

[0065] Figure 25 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the first step in hardware setup and pairing;

[0066] Figure 26 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the second step in hardware setup and pairing;

[0067] Figure 27 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the third step in hardware setup and pairing;

[0068] Figure 28 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the fourth step in hardware setup and pairing;

[0069] Figure 29 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the first step related to utilizing a third-party vendor;

[0070] Figure 30 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the second step related to utilizing a third-party vendor;

[0071] Figure 31 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing a third step related to the use of a third-party vendor;

[0072] Figure 32 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the first step related to a third-party healthcare provider account;

[0073] Figure 33 This is a screenshot of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the second step related to a third-party healthcare provider account;

[0074] Figure 34 This is a screenshot of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the third step in relation to a third-party healthcare provider account;

[0075] Figure 35 These are screenshots of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the fourth step in relation to a third-party healthcare provider account;

[0076] Figure 36 This is a screenshot of an implementation of the software application of the present invention, now showing the fifth step in relation to a third-party healthcare provider account;

[0077] Figure 37 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, showing the first step of inputting the user's physical information into the software application;

[0078] Figure 38 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the second step of inputting the user's physical information into the software application;

[0079] Figure 39 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the third step of inputting the user's physical information into the software application;

[0080] Figure 40 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the fourth step of inputting the user's physical information into the software application;

[0081] Figure 41These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, showing the fifth step of inputting the user's physical information into the software application;

[0082] Figure 42 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, with a first embodiment of the help screen shown here;

[0083] Figure 43 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, and now a second embodiment of the help screen is shown;

[0084] Figure 44 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, and now a third embodiment of the help screen is shown;

[0085] Figure 45 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, and now a fourth embodiment of the help screen is shown;

[0086] Figure 46 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, and now a fifth embodiment of the help screen is shown;

[0087] Figure 47 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, and now a sixth embodiment of the help screen is shown;

[0088] Figure 48 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, and now a seventh embodiment of the help screen is shown;

[0089] Figure 49 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, and now an eighth embodiment of the help screen is shown;

[0090] Figure 50 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, showing the main screen now;

[0091] Figure 51 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the user's profile settings;

[0092] Figure 52 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing an overview of the user's activities;

[0093] Figure 53 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, showing the user's previous activities.

[0094] Figure 54 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, showing the first step of the user setting up a new activity;

[0095] Figure 55 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the second step of the user setting up a new activity;

[0096] Figure 56 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the third step of the user setting up a new activity;

[0097] Figure 57 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the fourth step of the user setting up a new activity;

[0098] Figure 58 This is a screenshot of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the fifth step of the user setting up a new activity;

[0099] Figure 59 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing how an activity is selected when a user is about to perform a specific activity;

[0100] Figure 60 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the user's adjustments to the fluid delivery schedule;

[0101] Figure 61 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the user's interaction with... Figure 60 Adjustments to different fluid transport plans;

[0102] Figure 62 This is a screenshot of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, showing that the user has now completed the activity;

[0103] Figure 63 These are screenshots of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, showing user input from... Figure 62 Feedback on the event; and

[0104] Figure 64 This is a screenshot of an embodiment of the software application of the present invention, now showing the hydration score. Detailed Implementation

[0105] As used herein, “fluid” generally refers to “water” and vice versa. However, “fluid” can also include water with additives such as electrolytes or other performance-enhancing minerals and vitamins. Various sweeteners and flavorings can also be added to water for the user’s enjoyment. Therefore, this disclosure of personal fluid delivery systems is not strictly limited to the use of water alone.

[0106] introduce:

[0107] The inventors aimed to develop a method to accurately predict how much water a person would consume during a specific physical activity. Once the required water volume was determined, the inventors could develop the optimal way to deliver the required water to the person. Prior to developing the predictive formula, existing predictive formulas for sweat loss and rehydration in the scientific literature were reviewed. Various formulas for estimating sweat loss or dehydration have been developed over the past decade. However, all formulas have several limitations compared to the algorithm of this invention. The only formula designed to predict dehydration uses sensor technology to determine a threshold at which a participant should drink water (see Sabry et al., 2022). The Sabry formula does not specify the volume or frequency of fluid intake. Instead, it simply informs the user that they are dehydrated and should drink. Evidence regarding the drinking profile suggests that participants using this formula will ingest fluids through a single, large bolus drink (i.e., a single, relatively large amount of substance), as opposed to multiple small bolus drinks. (As used herein, a small bolus drink refers to and includes liquid volumes ranging from 5 ml to 25 ml.) The inventors of this application believe that ingesting fluids through a single, large bolus drink is undesirable. Instead, this invention teaches that ingesting fluids through small amounts of drinking is better for maintaining proper hydration, which leads to optimal physical and mental performance.

[0108] Several formulas exist designed to predict the amount of sweat produced by a given activity (see Baker et al., 2019; Cheuvront et al., 2021; Choi et al., 2019; Sollanek et al., 2020). However, these formulas are limited because they are designed for a specific activity (such as running or cycling) and are not transferable to other activities. Another set of formulas predicts the rate of sweating by physiologically monitoring calorie expenditure and / or sweating rate (see Nyein et al., 2019; Tabasum et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022; Zhao et al., 2020). The limitation of these formulas lies in the data inputs, which can only be captured in a laboratory setting, thus lacking real-world applicability. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, it is necessary to develop estimation formulas that can be applied to all types of activities and do not require laboratory equipment for data input.

[0109] The inventor developed a predictive formula for continuous, small-volume water replenishment:

[0110] The goal of predictive formulas is to deliver fluids lost through perspiration throughout the activity, eliminating the need for users to drink water or urinate afterward. A predictive formula can be summarized as the total fluid required equal to the amount lost through perspiration over a given activity period. A second idea is to build predictive formulas within modules so that, as technology advances, "estimates" can be replaced by direct measurements. When developing predictive formulas to determine the required fluid volume for each activity, there are variables that influence perspiration loss and hydration. Some of these variables could be activity difficulty / intensity, weight, height, ambient relative humidity, ambient temperature, age, and gender.

[0111] Optionally, a buffer volume of fluid can be added, as most people become slightly dehydrated at the start of activity because they don't want to feel bloated or need to stop to use the restroom during activity. Therefore, a buffer volume of fluid can be added to the prediction formula so that the total fluid required to drink equals the amount lost through perspiration plus the buffer volume. Those skilled in the art will understand that, as needed, this buffer volume can be 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 ml or any other volume of fluid.

[0112] The current limitations of predicting small-scale, fixed-amount water replenishment:

[0113] Current forecasting formulas estimate a variety of variables that may reduce accuracy compared to directly measuring the specified variables. For this reason, current forecasting formulas have some limitations, as detailed in this article.

[0114] First, the predictive formula is intended for use with activities such as running, cycling, motorsports, etc., rather than for sedentary behaviors such as watching TV, working on a computer, playing video games, etc. Typically, sedentary behavior is associated with a resting heart rate below 90 beats per minute. Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be adapted to create predictive formulas for such sedentary behaviors.

[0115] Secondly, the predictive formula assumes that users will correctly self-assess their "activity difficulty" rating before the activity. If these ratings deviate by more than 3 units, the formula will be less accurate. For example, if a user enters an "activity difficulty" of 5 and then exercises at a difficulty of 8, the user may receive less water than they need to maintain optimal hydration. Conversely, if a user enters an "activity difficulty" of 5 and then exercises at a difficulty of 2, the user may receive more water than they need to maintain optimal hydration. The accuracy of the user's activity difficulty can be improved by utilizing real-time monitoring of heart rate and / or core body temperature during activity. However, an advantage of this invention is that it works without requiring real-time dynamic heart rate measurements or core body temperature from sensors.

[0116] Third, as mentioned earlier, some current literature indicates that most individuals are mildly to moderately dehydrated when they begin activity. Alternatively, the prediction formula could be modified to assume partial dehydration at the start of activity, and thus specify an additional fluid volume to be added to the predicted sweat volume. This additional fluid volume may need to be adjusted according to user preferences.

[0117] Fourth, the prediction formula may be inaccurate for ambient temperatures below 45 degrees Fahrenheit.

[0118] Fifth, the prediction formula is based on the air and clothing insulation values ​​of typical mountain bike clothing with a backpack. Additional user input can be used to adjust the clothing insulation values, thereby improving the accuracy of the formula.

[0119] Required user input:

[0120] The user inputs the following variables to determine the required volume and frequency of fluid intake: weight (pounds); height (inches); age (years); gender (male or female); and an activity difficulty level of 1 to 10, where 1 is very light and 10 is most strenuous. Those skilled in the art will understand that the difficulty level can range from 1 to 5, 1 to 15, or 1 to 20, as the specific use of 1 to 10 should not be considered as limiting the invention to the precise form described and taught herein.

[0121] The following variables can be collected from the user's smart device or obtained directly from the circuit board and / or microchip controlling the fluid delivery system: ambient temperature (F); relative humidity (%).

[0122] The use of formulas when determining a small-scale, fixed-amount water replenishment plan (prescription):

[0123] Based on the user input described above, the user input is transformed into a variable that can predict the rate of sweating using the following formulas. Some of these formulas are derived from existing scientific literature, but are now used in a novel way in this invention.

[0124] Convert ambient temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius using the following formula: Ambient temperature (Celsius) = {Ambient temperature (F) - 32} * (5 / 9).

[0125] To estimate body surface area, convert weight in pounds to kilograms using the following formula: Weight (kg) = Weight (lbs.) / 2.2.

[0126] To estimate body surface area, convert height in inches to meters using the following formula: Height (m) = Height (in) * 0.0254.

[0127] Body surface area (BSA) is calculated based on weight in kilograms and height in meters using the following formula: Body surface area (BSA) = 0.202 * (weight (kg)^0.425) * (height (m)^0.725).

[0128] Because the target population is under 45 years old and healthy, the body surface area coefficient is standardized to "1" and is based on the following formula: Estimated body surface area coefficient = 1 * body surface area. Future iterations of the algorithm can be adjusted based on clinical or elderly usage.

[0129] Body heat is determined by estimated oxygen consumption (during activity) related to body size. In summary, these variables are representative of core body temperature. As core body temperature rises, the rate of sweating increases to cool the body. Body heat is predicted based on estimated oxygen consumption (see the section "Derived Formulas for Prescribing Small Amounts of Hydration"), body weight, and body surface area, and is calculated using the following formula: Body Heat (Wt) = {(Estimated Oxygen Consumption * Body Weight [kg]) / 1000} * 60 * (5.68 / BSA). Real-time monitoring of core body temperature during activity can improve the accuracy of body heat measurement.

[0130] Skin temperature is estimated by multiplying the ambient temperature by 0.53 and adding 20.28, using the following formula: Estimated skin temperature (°C) = {0.53 * Ambient temperature (°C)} + 20.28. The use of skin temperature determines the thermal gradient and which heat is dissipated from the body into the environment. Real-time monitoring of skin temperature during activity can improve the accuracy of skin temperature estimation.

[0131] The “clo” value is an estimated thermal insulation value based on clothing and the air surrounding the skin. For the inventors' purposes, this clo value is equal to... More specifically, the clo value is predetermined as the total thermal insulation of clothing and air for an active cyclist with a backpack. Future iterations of the algorithm can combine different clo values ​​for various activities.

[0132] The estimated sweating ratio over body surface area (w) is equal to 1. This is the standard for individuals under 45 years of age. Different ratios may be used depending on age and other factors.

[0133] The coefficient of evaporative heat transfer is equal to 4.95 / (clo*0.155). Since clothing can affect body cooling, the coefficient of evaporative heat transfer is influenced by the clo value.

[0134] The water vapor pressure on the skin determines the rate at which sweat can evaporate. To estimate the water vapor pressure on the skin, skin temperature can be converted using the following formula: Estimated water vapor pressure on the skin (KPA) = e^[18.686 - {(4030.183 / estimated skin temperature) + 235}].

[0135] The ambient water vapor pressure determines the rate at which sweat can evaporate. To estimate the ambient water vapor pressure, the ambient temperature can be converted using the following formula: Estimated ambient water vapor pressure (KPA) = e^[18.686 - {(4030.183 / ambient temperature) + 235}] * (relative humidity / 100).

[0136] The derived formula used to create the predictive sweating algorithm:

[0137] Various formulas can be designed to create predictive sweating algorithms. As more testing and development occur, these formulas will be adjusted over time. Therefore, a general discussion of the factors and considerations that might be used in such algorithms is beneficial at this time.

[0138] Four ways the body cools down: During activity, the human body generates a significant amount of heat. This has already been calculated above as body heat. The body then counteracts this increase in body heat by utilizing four heat transfer processes: evaporation, convection, conduction, and radiation.

[0139] Evaporation: The human body produces sweat on the skin surface, and this sweat cools the body through evaporation. When developing a hydration-based formula based on predicted sweating rates, it is necessary to determine the total rate of body cooling from convection, conduction, and radiation, and subtract this amount from the body's heat generation. Therefore, the equilibrium of the formula will equal the rate of body cooling due to evaporation. Further calculations can be performed using the above formula when determining the total sweating rate based on evaporation from the skin surface.

[0140] Convection: The second major mechanism by which the body cools itself after sweating is convection. Convection cools the body by allowing heat to be transferred from the body to the air around it. Therefore, it depends on the ambient temperature, skin temperature, and the insulating properties of clothing.

[0141] Radiation and Conduction: To illustrate body cooling from conduction and radiation, it is necessary to assess the evaporative properties of sweat on the skin relative to the environment. By considering the sweat layer on the skin, it will illustrate heat transfer through conduction and radiation.

[0142] Total drinking volume rate: Total drinking volume required for activity (ml / hr) = Total sweating rate. The inventors define the total drinking volume rate as equal to the user's predicted sweating volume during the activity.

[0143] This invention also has a non-obvious benefit. If a user begins activity in a dehydrated state, their perspiration will typically be lower than predicted by the subject algorithm due to the reduced total available fluid volume. In this case, the prescribed total drinking volume will be greater than the actual perspiration volume produced. Given that users in this state begin their activity dehydrated, the additional drinking volume they receive will help alleviate their dehydration. In other words, they will receive an extra amount of drinking water, which will help them return to an optimal hydration state.

[0144] Optionally, and as mentioned earlier, most people may begin activity while slightly dehydrated. Therefore, the total drinking volume can be adjusted by adding an extra volume (such as 110 ml) to the rate of sweating. As mentioned before, the optional amount added can be an additional 25, 50, 75, 100, 110, 125 ml, or any other amount determined to be helpful.

[0145] Alternatively, a person may be placed within a microclimate that influences the required hydration. The microclimate can be additional clothing worn by the user, such as welding suits or chemical protective clothing. It can also be the shell of a vehicle, such as a racing car. Furthermore, it can be a physical enclosure, such as a yoga room or sauna. This invention can be configured to take these microclimates into account when determining the required hydration for each activity.

[0146] In summary, the total volume of water required for the activity is equal to the rate of sweating during that activity. The total rate of sweating derived from body cooling through evaporation can be calculated based on the following parameters: body heat generated minus body cooling through convection and body cooling through radiation and conduction.

[0147] Small amount of fixed investment:

[0148] The inventors have further determined that it is preferable to ingest small amounts of water at consistent time intervals, rather than administering large amounts of water when the user feels thirsty. This can be described as micro-dosing. Therefore, the present invention has determined that the small-dosing volume (ml) is equal to a fluid range of 5 ml to 25 ml (milliliters) determined by the user. The upper limit range can also be 30 ml, 35 ml, 40 ml, 45 ml, or 50 ml. Those skilled in the art will understand that larger individuals can benefit from these higher fluid volumes, up to 50 ml per individual intake.

[0149] Users can choose to dispense fluid in amounts ranging from 5ml to 25ml. Smaller amounts are consumed for at least two reasons. First, this is the amount a human can comfortably swallow in one gulp during physical exertion. Second, this is the amount the body can digest in one go as the water passes through the walls of the small intestine and enters the bloodstream during physical exertion. Any amount smaller or larger than this range is not preferred, as differences outside these amounts will not yield optimal results. The inventors teach in this paper that during activity, the human body can rapidly digest up to 25ml of water within 5 minutes. Any amount exceeding this may result in excess water remaining in the digestive system, leading to discomfort, bloating, and potential loss through urination. Similarly, larger individuals or those with faster digestive systems may benefit from larger amounts, up to 50ml.

[0150] The frequency of small, consistent sips informs users how often to drink, and is limited to a range of 30 seconds or 30 seconds to 5 minutes. The basic principle behind this range is to ensure that users drink small amounts of water frequently, which improves absorption in the gut and results in better hydration, rather than ingesting fluids through large, one-time gulps. Alternatively, the 5-minute limit can be reduced to 4.5 minutes, 4 minutes, 3.5 minutes, 3 minutes, and 2.5 minutes. Furthermore, the 5-minute limit can be extended to 5.5 minutes, 6 minutes, 6.5 minutes, 7 minutes, 7.5 minutes, 8 minutes, 8.5 minutes, 9 minutes, 9.5 minutes, and 10 minutes.

[0151] Alternatively, the present invention may allow fluid to be dispensed outside the optimal range for situations such as giving a friend a drink or using water to rinse oneself or an object. For example, if the drinking trigger of the present invention is pushed outside the allowed range and no water is dispensed, holding down the drinking trigger for more than a time limit such as 3 seconds will override the system lock and cause the system to dispense fluid.

[0152] Personal fluid delivery devices:

[0153] This invention includes a personal fluid delivery system that can be worn during various high-intensity activities, such as by cyclists on mountain trails, or placed inside a vehicle, such as a race car driver. This personal fluid delivery system allows the user to easily access fluids (i.e., hydration) on demand without distracting from the task at hand. The personal fluid delivery system can be designed to provide the user with access to clean water upon request, or the invention can operate by reminding the user at predetermined intervals that they need to drink and then delivering water directly to their lips, thus providing hands-free, conscious, on-demand hydration. Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention disclosed herein is applicable to other uses, such as for those engaged in strength sports, extreme sports, track and field, exercise, hiking, walking, running, industrial, medical, or military fields.

[0154] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the personal fluid delivery system 10 of the present invention. A fluid reservoir 11 contains water 12 for replenishment. The fluid reservoir can be a flexible bag worn by the user and placed in a backpack, a rigid main body canister attached to a vehicle, or simply a bottle carried by the user. A fluid line 13 connects the reservoir to a housing 14. The housing 14 can integrate a pump 15, a motor 16, and a processor 17 (i.e., a circuit board and / or microchip) within a single durable, waterproof casing 24. A battery 18 is electrically connected to the housing and, more specifically, powers the motor and processor. Alternatively, the battery can be housed within the housing or remotely. A fluid line 19 connects the housing to a water dispensing device 20 via an optional fluid connector 27. The fluid connector 27 allows various water dispensing devices to be connected to it. For example, a fluid connector can be used to connect the fluid line 19 to a handheld dispenser 20a or a head-mounted device 20b, which delivers water directly to the user 21 from a nozzle 53 placed directly in front of the user's mouth in a hands-free manner. The system fluid line is kept pressurized by a check valve 28 located in the fluid connector 27, thereby keeping water ready for immediate delivery and preventing water leakage in the event of a disconnection of the connector.

[0155] Using an application running on a personal electronic device 22 (e.g., a desktop computer, laptop computer, smartphone, handheld device, tablet, smartwatch, or any wearable electronic device), the system can be fully programmed to control the volume, interval, and intensity of water delivery. Wireless communication 23, such as Bluetooth, enables the smartphone and the housing to communicate with each other. A notification device 25 instructs the user when to drink. The notification device can be an LED light, a speaker that produces sound, and / or a vibrating device that comes into physical contact with the user. The notification device can communicate with the housing via hardwired or wireless means and can be programmed by the personal electronic device. The user can press a drinking button 26, which dispenses fluid for ingestion. The drinking button can communicate electrically with the housing via hardwired or wireless means.

[0156] To refill the fluid reservoir, the pump can be reversed, drawing water back through fluid line 19 to replenish the water in reservoir 11. For example, using a handheld line 20a connected to fluid line 19, if the distal end of handheld line 20a is placed inside a water source, the pump can be activated to draw water from the source and fill reservoir 11. Alternatively, using auxiliary refill line 29, the reservoir can be filled directly, bypassing housing assembly 14. Refill line 29 can be the same line as line 19 from a second personal fluid delivery system being worn by a friend or colleague, enabling the refilling of one reservoir from another.

[0157] Figures 2 to 4 This is an isometric view of a specific embodiment of the present invention, which adopts... Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram is shown and represented as a backpack 30 that the user can wear during sports activities.

[0158] Figure 5 It was removed from backpack 30. Figures 2 to 4 Isometric view of the structure of box 14. Figure 6 Obtained from a rear view Figure 5 Another isometric view of the structure. The housing 14 has a shell 24 formed to match the contours of the backpack 30. The shell has a rear side 24a that abuts against (though through the backpack) the user's back when worn. A front side 24b is attached to the rear side, or vice versa. The shell may be made of a rigid or semi-rigid material such as polymers, composite materials, elastomers, or combinations thereof to protect the structure housed therein and provide comfort to the user of the backpack.

[0159] Various fluid lines and electronic circuits extend from the housing. More specifically, fluid lines 13 extend from the container and can be attached to the reservoir, wherein, for simplicity, Figure 5 and Figure 6 The reservoir is not shown. At the top of the housing is a flexible neck 31, which will be attached to the fluid line 19, allowing for... Figures 2 to 4 The best view is in the middle.

[0160] Two electrical wires extend from the bottom of the housing. First, there is a control panel assembly 32 attached to wire 33. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 10 and Figure 11 The control panel assembly 32 houses the drinking button 26 and the refill button 34. A centrally located power button 35 is also present, which turns the device on and off. At the distal end of the wire 33 is an electrical connector 36, allowing the entire control panel assembly to be removed and replaced during maintenance if necessary. Figure 2 As can be seen, control panel component 32 is integrated into the right shoulder strap of backpack 30.

[0161] Return to reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The electrical wire 37 extends and branches at 38 into a battery display panel 39 with a button 40 and a notification device 25. This also... Figure 12 and Figure 13 The battery charging status is best viewed from the center. When button 40 is pressed, the battery charging status is displayed via LEDs or other lighting on the battery charging display 41. The distal end of wire 37 is an electrical connector 42, allowing the entire battery charging display panel and notification device assembly to be removed and replaced during maintenance if necessary. Figure 2 As can be seen, the battery display panel 42 is integrated on the back of the backpack 30.

[0162] refer to Figure 7 The front cover 24b has been removed from the housing 14, and the internal devices are now visible. More specifically, the pump 15, motor 16, processor 17, and battery 18 are shown. Those skilled in the art will understand that this is merely one embodiment of the invention, and many packaging configurations are possible.

[0163] Figure 8 and Figure 9 Is Figures 2 to 4 An isometric view of a fluid reservoir 11 used in the backpack. This particular fluid reservoir is inherently flexible and designed to be carried within the backpack 30. A fluid connector 43 can then be attached to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The fluid connector 44 shown.

[0164] Figure 14A and Figure 14B This is another embodiment of the wireless drinking button 26 of the present invention utilizing wireless connection 23. This embodiment is designed to mate with a specific handlebar assembly of a vehicle or structure.

[0165] Figure 15A and Figure 15BThis is another embodiment of the wireless drinking button 26 of the present invention, utilizing wireless connection 23. This embodiment can be attached to the user's clothing or placed in various small spaces.

[0166] Figure 16A and Figure 16B This is another embodiment of the wireless drinking button 26 of the present invention utilizing wireless connection 23. This embodiment is designed to attach around a tube of a vehicle (such as a vehicle's handlebars or roll bar).

[0167] It should be understood that the embodiments of Figure 14016 will each have their own power supply and transmitter, enabling them to communicate with the housing 14 of the present invention. These buttons may also employ a hardwired electrical connection to the housing 14.

[0168] Figure 17A and Figure 17B Another embodiment of the drinking trigger 26 of the present invention is shown, which is essentially a ring 45 worn by the user. The ring 45 has a hook-and-loop fastening strap 46, which allows for universal attachment for people with different finger sizes. The ring will include a power source 47 (i.e., a battery), a microchip 48, and a wireless transmitter 49 (e.g., Bluetooth) housed within a housing 50 of the ring. The user will be able to easily press the drinking trigger button 26 with their thumb and activate the system of the present invention.

[0169] Optionally, for military applications, the ring will only send a signal when button 26 is activated, and in other cases will not send any signal or connect to the system of the present invention, in order to maintain silent operation undetectable to the enemy. Furthermore, the Bluetooth signal strength can be configured to be strong enough to operate only within a few feet, but undetectable beyond that range. This will further protect the user from enemy detection in the event of accidental button presses.

[0170] This invention can be adopted Figures 1 to 1 Various shapes and forms beyond those shown and taught in 7. For example, Figure 18This is another simplified schematic diagram of a personal fluid delivery system 10, now represented as a water bottle. As before, the fluid reservoir 11 contains water 12 for replenishment. In this embodiment, the fluid reservoir is depicted as a handheld water bottle, but it could be any such fluid container. A fluid line 13 connects the reservoir to a housing 14. The housing 14 is represented as a cap screwed onto the water bottle. The housing 14 can house a pump 15, a motor 16, and a processor 17 within a single, durable, waterproof cap 51 of the water bottle. A battery 18 can also be housed within the housing 14 to power the motor and processor. Alternatively, the battery can also be housed within the housing. A rotatable fluid line 52 connects the housing to a water dispensing device, in this case, which could simply be a jet port 53 that delivers water directly to the user through an orifice diameter 54. The system fluid line can be kept pressurized by a check valve, thus ensuring that water is always ready for immediate delivery. Using an application running on a personal electronic device 22 (e.g., a smartphone, smartwatch, etc.), the system can be fully programmed with the volume, interval, and intensity of water delivery. Wireless communication 23, such as Bluetooth, enables the smartphone and the container to communicate with each other. A notification device 25 can be attached to the container / cap and instruct the user to drink when it is time to drink. The notification device can be an LED light, a speaker that generates sound, and / or a vibration device. A drinking button 26 can be integrated into the container / cap and can be pressed by the user to dispense fluid for ingestion. Those skilled in the art will now understand that the teachings of the invention can be embodied in various shapes and forms for a wide range of uses.

[0171] Figure 19 A simplified flowchart of the algorithm used in this invention is shown. The amount of sweat required for body cooling minus the amount of body cooling through radiation, conduction, and convection equals the sweating rate. After determining the sweating rate, the user can replenish lost sweat with the fluid dispensed by this invention. Therefore, it can be assumed that the recommended fluid intake rate is the sweating rate.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the algorithm of this invention can be replaced by lookup tables or other equivalent simplification methods. For example, a lookup table may already incorporate the teachings and formulas of this invention and simplify the output, eliminating the need for complex calculations on the fly. Instead, certain variables can be cross-referenced on such a lookup table, and the frequency and amount of water allocation required to achieve the fluid transport plan can then be determined according to the teachings of this invention. Therefore, this invention is not limited to devices with algorithms, but is limited to all devices embodying the teachings of this specification.

[0173] Figure 20An embodiment of a typical personal electronic device 22 that can be used with the present invention is shown. As shown here, the personal electronic device 22 is a smartphone, but it can also be a desktop computer, laptop computer, handheld device, tablet computer, smartwatch, or any wearable electronic device. It should also be understood that the personal electronic device 22 has a touchscreen display, enabling the user to view information and make selections on which it is displayed.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will understand that software running on typical personal electronic devices is a computer-executable software application written in a wide variety of software languages. The software can be modified over time for improvement by installing such software updates using a personal electronic device when new updates are available. Furthermore, there exists computer-executable firmware configured to be executed by the processor of this invention, which is electrically connected to and controls an electric motor that drives a fluid pump. The firmware can also be updated using means known to those skilled in the art, such as using a personal electronic device.

[0175] Figures 21 to 64 This is a screenshot of another embodiment of the software of the present invention, which can run on a personal electronic device 22 as disclosed herein. Figures 21 to 64 The embodiments described herein are merely one embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that there are an infinite number of ways to implement various features and functions of the software, as the invention disclosed herein is not limited to the precise forms shown and described.

[0176] Figures 21 to 24 These are introductory screens that introduce the software of the present invention to the user. These introductory screens are optional and can be any number of "n" screens, from 1, that the inventor feels conveys useful information to the end user.

[0177] Figures 25 to 28 This demonstrates how to configure the software of the present invention to work with the hardware of the present invention. Figure 27 A QR code 60 can be displayed (i.e., printed) on a portion of the hardware, and a personal electronic device can read the QR code 60 using a camera. The information contained within the QR code can then be easily converted to establish a wireless communication link between the hardware and software. Furthermore, the QR code allows the present invention to know what type of system is being implemented, such as whether it is for motorsports, a backpack, or a water bottle implementation.

[0178] Figures 29 to 31 It shows how users can log in to their personal accounts via a previous account from a third-party provider or email.

[0179] Figures 32 to 36This demonstrates how a user can connect the invention to a third-party healthcare provider account, such as an Apple Health account. The invention can then extract necessary information from that third-party healthcare provider account.

[0180] Figures 37 to 41 This demonstrates how users can input their physical information into the software of this invention. The data used could be their gender (…). Figure 37 ), their age or date of birth ( Figure 38 ), its height ( Figure 39 ) and its weight ( Figure 40 As previously stated, the present invention can utilize at least one of these inputs to determine how much water will be distributed through the present invention during an activity. Furthermore, Figure 41 It shows that users can input more information, such as their performance goals.

[0181] It's understandable that many users may have difficulty operating and navigating a new software application for the first time. Figures 42 to 49 These are examples of help screens that can optionally be displayed at different times. These screens can be displayed in the order shown here, or selectively displayed at different times as needed, as determined by the software of this invention.

[0182] Figure 50 The implementation of the home screen is demonstrated. At the very top, the date and user's name can be displayed, which helps personalize interaction with the software application. At the very bottom are buttons (from left to right) for the Home button 61, the Activity Overview page button 62, and the Profile Settings page button 63, where a plus sign indicates another button, and the user can enter a new activity using the New Activity button 64. In the middle of the screen are various activities that the user has already set, which the user can select and adjust.

[0183] Figure 51 An implementation of the user's profile settings is shown. The user can then see various devices based on the invention or their personal settings that may need to be adjusted over time.

[0184] Figure 52 This demonstrates an implementation of an overview of user activities. Various previous activities can be, for example... Figure 53 View individually as shown, or as... Figure 52 The bar chart shown is for viewing as a total or average. Those skilled in the art will understand that there are an unlimited number of ways to display the information recorded by this invention to the user.

[0185] Figures 54 to 59 It demonstrates how users can create new activities. Figure 54Allows users to select specific types of activities they will participate in.65 These activities include, but are not limited to, mountain biking, road biking, running, working, rowing, hiking, motocross, motorsports, off-road racing, walking, and the use of motorcycles and ATVs.

[0186] Figure 55 Users can use a numerical scale 66 to set the expected average intensity of the activity they are about to participate in. This particular implementation uses a scale of 1 to 10, but as those skilled in the art will understand, it can be smaller or larger. Furthermore, to help users understand how each number 1 to 10 relates to a better description of the intensity level, a brief descriptive note 67 can also be provided. For example, Figure 55 The selected level 4 is shown, described as "a gentle push, but still at a pace at which you can speak several sentences effortlessly." Additionally, the expected heart rate is also provided.

[0187] Figure 56 This demonstrates how users can set the duration of an activity (68). Once entered, Figure 57 and Figure 58 It shows that an activity has been entered, then Figure 59 Allows the user to select the activity when they are about to perform that specific activity.

[0188] Figure 60 and Figure 61 This demonstrates how users can adjust their fluid delivery schedule by simultaneously adjusting both the fluid volume range (e.g., 5-25 ml) and the fluid frequency range (e.g., 30 seconds to 5 minutes). The adjustments to fluid volume and frequency are linked because a single adjustment to the fluid delivery schedule correspondingly changes both fluid volume and frequency to keep them within their respective ranges. For example, Figure 60 This demonstrates that during a running activity, slider 69 was set to deliver a dose of 20 ml with a time interval of 1 minute and 12 seconds between drinks. Figure 64 compared to, Figure 61 The slider has been moved to correspond to a 10ml dose, and the time interval between drinks is 45 seconds. Therefore, it should be understood that the user can easily and quickly adjust both the fluid drinking volume range and the fluid drinking frequency range via the slider or an equivalent selection with a single selection 69. Although the user can make such a selection, it should be understood that in some embodiments, the total volume rate will not change.

[0189] Figure 62 This is an implementation method where the screen can be displayed once the activity is complete. Subsequently, Figure 63This is an implementation of a screen that requires the user to answer some simple questions (i.e., feedback 70), which can further help in the continued development of the invention.

[0190] Figure 64 This is an example of how hydration scores are explained to users. Return to reference. Figure 50 The main screen displays a circle in the upper right corner with "89%" displayed inside. If the user taps the circle, it will take them to... Figure 64 The "Hydration Score" indicates the extent to which a user follows a fluid delivery plan (i.e., a hydration program) during a specific activity and is displayed as a percentage. It should be understood that other methods and approaches besides percentages can be used to represent the extent to which a user follows a specific fluid delivery plan.

[0191] In general, referring to this invention, the inventors have taught a novel method for delivering water to a user in a series of repeated small sips during an activity using a fluid delivery device, wherein the fluid delivery device may be a head-mounted device, allowing water to be delivered in a handless manner. Some prior art references have taught intelligent hydration systems and methods utilizing water bottles with flow meters. These references use flow meters because there is no fluid pump that can control the amount of water dispensed. In contrast, this invention does not require a flow meter because once the flow characteristics of the pump are known, the amount of water dispensed can be controlled by controlling the amount of time the pump is activated and the voltage applied to the pump. Furthermore, these prior art references compare a target intake with the actual intake, which is contrary to this invention. Prior art references teach that if the user drinks sufficiently at a certain flow rate over a period of time, their invention will not need to notify the user to drink more. Similarly, if the user does not drink enough water, a comparison of the actual intake with the target intake will reveal a deficiency, and therefore the device may notify the user to drink more water. These types of prior art references are contrary to this invention. The inventors of this invention do not notify the user when a deficiency is measured. Conversely, the inventors of this invention always notify users to drink at the end of each fluid drinking frequency, regardless of whether they have consumed enough water, because the fluid delivery plan is determined before the activity begins. This invention is designed to remind users to drink fluid repeatedly in small amounts during activity, according to the small-drinking plan taught herein. No prior art references have achieved this optimal way of keeping users hydrated during physical activity, and therefore no one could have foreseen the development of the system and method of this invention. For these and many other reasons, the prior art has completely failed to teach the applicant's invention described herein.

[0192] Furthermore, earlier embodiments of the invention have essentially three different timers, all of which are user-controllable, and the timers are as follows: (1) the interval between drinks; (2) the length of the jet duration (i.e., the time the motor runs, selectable from low to high); and (3) the motor intensity (i.e., selectable from low to high). The actual volume of fluid consumed is affected by the motor running time and the motor intensity. In these earlier embodiments, the minimum consumption (short motor running time and low motor intensity) would be 1.6 ml. Conversely, the maximum consumption (long motor running time and high motor intensity) would be 9.4 ml. Too many controllable factors can lead to a poor user experience. Therefore, the inventors simplified the invention by setting the motor intensity of the operating motor to a constant. This then results in a flow rate of approximately 0.8 liters per minute. The inventors have determined that for most users, a flow rate between 0.6 and 1 liter / minute is sufficient to comfortably receive the fluid in their mouths using an orifice with a diameter of 2.85 mm during physical activity. The orifice size can be in the range of 2.5 to 3.2 mm in diameter. The inventors simplified the use of the invention by requiring the user to make a single selection to control both the frequency and volume of fluid consumption, since in the invention these two variables are linked as part of the fluid delivery plan.

[0193] Furthermore, it will now be understood through this teaching that the actual flow rate delivered to the user at their mouth may be affected by various accessories of the invention, variations in tube length, manufacturing tolerances, and / or environmental factors. To address these variations, the inventors can implement optional calibration procedures. For example, the user can be instructed to press the drinking button for a period of time to fill a cup (i.e., the fluid measuring container), as most households have a cup measuring device. Once the cup's fluid volume is reached, the user will release the drinking button. The time taken to fill the cup will be measured by the invention, allowing the invention to know the exact flow rate delivered to the user, and the algorithm of the invention can be adjusted with a simple coefficient, such as multiplying the desired amount by a calibration factor of approximately 1, whether that factor is slightly higher or slightly lower than the number 1. Those skilled in the art will understand that various calibration procedures can be performed using the structure of the invention, which can improve its accuracy.

[0194] Although several embodiments have been described in detail for illustrative purposes, various modifications can be made to each embodiment without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited except for the appended claims.

[0195] Figure label:

[0196] 10-person fluid delivery system

[0197] 11 Fluid Storage

[0198] 12 water

[0199] 13 fluid pipelines

[0200] 14 boxes

[0201] 15 pumps

[0202] 16 motors

[0203] 17 processor

[0204] 18 batteries

[0205] 19 fluid pipelines

[0206] 20 Water Distribution Equipment

[0207] 20a handheld dispenser

[0208] 20b Headset

[0209] 21 users

[0210] 22 personal electronic devices, namely smartphones

[0211] 23. Wireless communication, namely Bluetooth

[0212] 24-box shell

[0213] The rear side of the 24a housing

[0214] 24b box housing front side

[0215] 25 Notification Equipment

[0216] 26 Drinking Buttons

[0217] 27 fluid connector

[0218] 28 Check Valve

[0219] 29 Refill the pipeline

[0220] 30 backpacks

[0221] 31 Flexible neck of fluid pipeline

[0222] 32 Control Panel Components

[0223] 33 electrical wires

[0224] 34 Refill button

[0225] 35 Power Button

[0226] 36 Electrical connectors for control panel components

[0227] 37. Electrical wires of the battery panel

[0228] 38 power splitters

[0229] 39 Battery Display Panel

[0230] 40 Battery Display Panel Buttons

[0231] 41 Battery Charging Display

[0232] 42 Battery display panel electrical connector

[0233] 43 fluid connector for the reservoir

[0234] 44-box fluid connector for fluid lines

[0235] 45 rings

[0236] 46 hook and loop fastening strap

[0237] 47 power supply

[0238] 48 microchips

[0239] 49 launchers

[0240] 50 housing

[0241] 51 Water bottle cap

[0242] 52 Rotatable fluid lines

[0243] 53 nozzle

[0244] 54 orifice diameter

[0245] 60 QR codes

[0246] 61 Home button

[0247] 62 Overview Page Buttons

[0248] 63. Profile settings page button

[0249] 64 New Activity Buttons

[0250] 65 specific types of activities

[0251] 66-digit scale

[0252] 67 Description

[0253] 68 duration

[0254] 69 sliders, single adjustment

[0255] 70 Feedback and Questions

Claims

1. A method for delivering fluid to a user during an activity, the method comprising the following steps: Provide fluid storage; A fluid pump is provided in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir; A fluid delivery device is provided, the fluid delivery device being configured to deliver the fluid to the user for intake, the fluid delivery device being in fluid communication with the fluid pump; An electric motor is provided, the electric motor being configured to drive the fluid pump; A battery is provided, the battery being configured to provide power to the electric motor; A processor is provided, the processor being electrically connected to and controlling the electric motor that drives the fluid pump; Determine the sweating rate of the activity and set the sweating rate to be equal to the fluid delivery rate of the activity; Determine the fluid delivery plan based on the fluid delivery rate; The fluid delivery plan includes fluid drinking volume and frequency based on predicted fluid loss through sweating during the activity; The drinking volume of the fluid is limited by the range of drinking volumes. The frequency of drinking of the fluid is limited by the range of the frequency of drinking of the fluid; Provide at least one alarm device that is in electrical communication with the processor, the at least one alarm device comprising: a light, a speaker, and / or a vibrator; Under the control of the processor, the at least one alarm device repeatedly notifies the user whenever the fluid drinking frequency has expired, and the fluid drinking frequency is configured to restart whenever the fluid drinking frequency has expired during the activity. A drinking button operably connected to the processor is provided, the drinking button being configured to send a drinking command to the processor; and When the user activates the drinking button, the processor is configured to turn on the electric motor and run it continuously for a specified time. This running time is configured to deliver the volume of the drinking fluid from the fluid reservoir through the fluid delivery device and distribute the volume of the drinking fluid to the user for consumption.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid drinking volume ranges from greater than or equal to 5 ml to less than or equal to 25 ml.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid drinking volume ranges from greater than or equal to 5 ml to less than or equal to 50 ml.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fluid drinking frequency range is greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 5 minutes.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fluid drinking frequency range is greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 10 minutes.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the fluid drinking frequency range is greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 4 minutes.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the fluid for drinking is not less than 5 ml and not more than 25 ml.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the fluid drinking frequency is not less than 30 seconds and not more than 5 minutes.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of providing computer-executable software configured to execute on a personal electronic device, the computer-executable software being configured to communicate at least temporarily with the processor.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the computer executable software includes an algorithm configured to execute on the personal electronic device.

11. The method of claim 10, the method comprising the step of receiving at least one static variable describing the user via the personal electronic device executing the algorithm, the at least one static variable describing the user comprising: Weight, height, age, or gender.

12. The method of claim 11, the method comprising the step of receiving at least one static variable describing the activity via the personal electronic device executing the algorithm, the at least one static variable describing the activity comprising: Activity difficulty, distance traveled, altitude traveled, or activity description.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of determining the sweating rate via the algorithm is based at least in part on at least one static variable describing the user and at least one static variable describing the activity.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of receiving the fluid delivery plan from the personal electronic device via the processor.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of allowing the user to adjust the fluid delivery schedule between the fluid drinking volume range and the fluid drinking frequency range via the personal electronic device.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the adjustments to the fluid drinking volume and the fluid drinking frequency are linked, wherein a single adjustment to the fluid delivery schedule correspondingly changes both the fluid drinking volume and the fluid drinking frequency to keep them within their respective ranges, wherein the active fluid delivery rate remains unchanged.

17. The method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of determining at least one static variable describing the environment via the personal electronic device and inputting the at least one static variable describing the environment into the algorithm to determine the sweating rate, wherein the at least one static variable describing the environment includes: Ambient temperature, relative humidity, altitude, solar radiation load, wind speed, and wet-bulb temperature.

18. The method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: The personal electronic device executing the algorithm receives at least one static variable describing the microclimate into the algorithm to determine the sweating rate. The at least one static variable describing the microclimate includes: clothing, vehicle shell, welding suit, chemical protective clothing, and / or high-temperature environment.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the rate of sweating is equal to the amount of sweat required for body cooling minus the amount of body cooling by radiation, conduction and convection.

20. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of preventing the user from allocating the fluid drinking volume outside of the fluid delivery plan.

21. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of allowing the user to allocate the fluid drinking volume outside the fluid delivery plan and without adjusting the fluid delivery plan.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the fluid delivery plan based on the fluid delivery rate includes adding a buffer amount configured to address user dehydration at the start of the activity.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein the sweating rate determined by the algorithm does not take into account the user's dynamic heart rate measurement during the activity.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein the sweating rate determined by the algorithm does not take into account the user's dynamic sweating rate measurement during the activity.

25. The method of claim 14, further comprising the following steps: A fluid delivery plan compliance score is calculated based on the degree to which the user follows the fluid delivery plan, via the personal electronic device.

26. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of delivering the fluid to the user during the activity does not include using a flow meter.

27. The method of claim 14, wherein the algorithm determines the sweating rate before the activity occurs, wherein the sweating rate is a predicted sweating rate.

28. The method of claim 1, wherein the activity does not include sedentary behavior having a heart rate below 90 beats per minute.

29. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid delivery device comprises a head-mounted device configured to be worn by the user, the head-mounted device comprising a fluid nozzle located in front of the user's mouth, the fluid nozzle having an orifice diameter, wherein when the user activates the drinking button, a volume of fluid to be consumed is dispensed from the fluid nozzle to the user for ingestion.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the flow rate from the fluid nozzle of the fluid pump driven by the electric motor is from a minimum of 0.6 liters per minute to a maximum of 1 liter per minute.

31. The method of claim 29, wherein the orifice diameter of the fluid nozzle is from a minimum of 2.5 mm to a maximum of 3.2 mm.

32. The method of claim 1, further comprising a refill button electrically connected to the processor, the refill button being configured to operate the electric motor in the opposite direction to the drinking button, the refill button enabling the fluid reservoir to be filled via the fluid delivery device.

33. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid reservoir, the fluid pump, the electric motor, the battery, the processor, the at least one alarm device, and the drinking button are all integrated and / or housed in a backpack configured to be worn by the user.

34. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of calibrating the electric motor, the electric pump, and the fluid delivery device to provide the fluid drinking volume, the calibration step comprising instructing the user via the personal electronic device to press and hold the drinking button until a predetermined volume of fluid is filled from the fluid delivery device into the measuring container, measuring the amount of time required to reach the predetermined volume of fluid, calculating the actual flow rate, and using the actual flow rate to determine the operating time of the electric motor for providing the fluid drinking volume.

35. A method for delivering fluid to a user during an activity, the method comprising the steps of: Provide fluid storage; A fluid pump is provided in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir; A fluid delivery device is provided, the fluid delivery device being configured to deliver the fluid to the user for intake, the fluid delivery device being in fluid communication with the fluid pump; An electric motor is provided, the electric motor being configured to drive the fluid pump; A battery is provided, the battery being configured to provide power to the electric motor; A processor is provided, the processor being electrically connected to and controlling the electric motor that drives the fluid pump; Provides computer-executable software configured to execute on a personal electronic device, the computer-executable software being configured to communicate at least temporarily with the processor; The computer-executable software includes algorithms configured to execute on the personal electronic device; The personal electronic device executing the algorithm receives at least one static variable describing the user, including: weight, height, age, or gender. The personal electronic device executing the algorithm receives at least one static variable describing the activity into the algorithm. The at least one static variable describing the activity includes: activity difficulty, distance traveled, altitude traveled, or activity description. The sweating rate is determined using the algorithm based on at least one static variable describing the user and at least one static variable describing the activity. Set the sweating rate to be equal to the fluid delivery rate of the activity; The fluid delivery plan is determined based on the fluid delivery rate using the algorithm described above. The fluid delivery plan includes fluid drinking volume and frequency based on predicted fluid loss through sweating during the activity; The drinking volume of the fluid is limited by a range of drinking volumes, wherein the drinking volume range is greater than or equal to 5 ml and less than or equal to 25 ml; The frequency of drinking the fluid is limited by a range of drinking frequencies, which is greater than or equal to 30 seconds and less than or equal to 5 minutes. The processor receives the fluid delivery plan from the personal electronic device; Provide at least one alarm device electrically connected to the processor, the at least one alarm device comprising: a light, a speaker, and / or a vibrator; Under the control of the processor, the at least one alarm device repeatedly notifies the user whenever the fluid drinking frequency has expired, and the fluid drinking frequency is configured to restart whenever the fluid drinking frequency has expired during the activity. A drinking button operably connected to the processor is provided, the drinking button being configured to send a drinking command to the processor; and When the user activates the drinking button, the processor is configured to turn on the electric motor and run it continuously for a specified time. This running time is configured to deliver the volume of the drinking fluid from the fluid reservoir through the fluid delivery device and distribute the volume of the drinking fluid to the user for consumption.

36. A method for delivering fluid to a user during an activity, the method comprising the steps of: Provide fluid storage; A fluid pump is provided in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir; A fluid delivery device is provided, the fluid delivery device being configured to deliver the fluid to the user for intake, the fluid delivery device being in fluid communication with the fluid pump; An electric motor is provided, the electric motor being configured to drive the fluid pump; A battery is provided, the battery being configured to provide power to the electric motor; A processor is provided, the processor being electrically connected to and controlling the electric motor that drives the fluid pump; Determine a fluid delivery plan, wherein the fluid delivery plan includes fluid drinking volume and fluid drinking frequency based on predicted fluid loss by the user through sweating during the activity; Provide at least one alarm device that is in electrical communication with the processor, the at least one alarm device comprising: a light, a speaker, and / or a vibrator; Under the control of the processor, the at least one alarm device repeatedly notifies the user whenever the fluid drinking frequency has expired, and the fluid drinking frequency is configured to restart whenever the fluid drinking frequency has expired during the activity. A drinking button operably connected to the processor is provided, the drinking button being configured to send a drinking command to the processor; and When the user activates the drinking button, the processor is configured to turn on the electric motor and run it continuously for a specified time. This running time is configured to deliver the volume of the drinking fluid from the fluid reservoir through the fluid delivery device and distribute the volume of the drinking fluid to the user for consumption.

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