Minimally invasive cutting, recycling and transplanting integrated instrument for ophthalmology department

Abstract

The invention provides an ophthalmic minimally invasive cutting, recycling and transplanting integrated instrument. The integrated instrument is composed of an operation handle sleeve, a middle limiting sleeve and a cutting and collecting device which are sequentially arranged in a sleeving mode along the central axis. The middle limiting sleeve can move axially, the near end of the middle limiting sleeve is connected with the operating handle sleeve through a gear adjusting structure, and the far end of the middle limiting sleeve sleeves the cutting and collecting device; a negative pressure channel is arranged in the cutting and collecting device, and an execution assembly is arranged at the far end of the cutting and collecting device and comprises a plurality of elastic arms distributed in the circumferential direction, an annular cutting edge and a material storage net stretching across the channel; a limiting face is arranged on the inner wall of the middle limiting sleeve and used for limiting the radial opening amount of the elastic arm. The position of the middle limiting sleeve can be changed through the gear adjusting structure, so that the wrapping length and the limiting position of the middle limiting sleeve on the elastic arm are adjusted, and the opening diameter of the annular cutting edge is accurately controlled; the device integrates the functions of standardized cutting, safe recovery and precise transplantation, and the surgical risk is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an integrated device for minimally invasive ophthalmic cutting, retrieval, and transplantation. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ophthalmic surgery, especially in the treatment of complex fundus diseases such as giant macular holes and retinal detachment, tissue transplantation has become an important clinical approach. During the procedure, surgeons typically prepare and transplant micro-tissue pieces of specific sizes, such as the anterior capsule, posterior capsule, or amnion, to serve as biological scaffolds or filling materials implanted into the target area. However, existing surgical instruments and techniques still have the following significant limitations in clinical application:

[0003] First, the fabrication of miniature grafts is challenging and requires precise control. For thin and fragile biomaterials such as amniotic membranes and sacs, existing manual cutting methods struggle to produce standard, circular tissue pieces with neat edges and precise diameters at the millimeter or even sub-millimeter level. The lack of standardized fabrication methods means that the uncontrollable size of the graft often directly impacts the surgical fit and the final treatment outcome.

[0004] Secondly, the surgical procedure carries high risks and is prone to iatrogenic injury. In intraocular procedures such as obtaining in vivo retinal grafts, the extremely confined space within the eye necessitates frequent changes of different surgical instruments when electrocoagulating, cutting, grasping, and transferring fragile tissues. This frequent instrument insertion and removal not only complicates the procedure but also significantly increases the risk of iatrogenic damage to healthy intraocular tissues.

[0005] Finally, the operation is inefficient and the process is uncontrollable. Traditional tissue transfer relies heavily on forceps or two-handed operation. In the complex fluid flow environment, tiny tissue pieces are easily folded, curled, damaged, or even lost in the fluid flow. This discontinuous "cut-grab-transfer" operation mode not only prolongs the operation time but also may lead to surgical failure due to accidental damage or loss of the implant.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for a minimally invasive instrument that can integrate standardized cutting, safe retrieval, and precise transplantation to simplify the operation process, improve preparation accuracy, and reduce surgical risks. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated instrument for minimally invasive ophthalmic cutting, retrieval and transplantation, which aims to solve the technical problems of poor precision in the preparation of small tissue slices, easy loss during retrieval, inaccurate transplantation and high risk of damage due to frequent instrument replacement in ophthalmic surgery.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an integrated ophthalmic minimally invasive cutting, retrieval, and transplantation instrument, comprising an operating handle sleeve, an intermediate limiting sleeve, and a cutting and collecting device; the operating handle sleeve, the intermediate limiting sleeve, and the cutting and collecting device are sequentially sleeved and connected along the same central axis;

[0009] The intermediate limiting sleeve is axially movable between the operating handle sleeve and the cutting and collecting device. The proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve is connected to the operating handle sleeve through a gear adjustment structure, and the other end extends out of the operating handle sleeve and is coaxially sleeved outside the cutting and collecting device.

[0010] The cutting and collecting device is provided with a negative pressure channel extending to its distal end, and the distal end of the cutting and collecting device is provided with an actuation component;

[0011] The execution component includes a plurality of elastic arms distributed circumferentially, an annular cutting blade connected to the ends of the plurality of elastic arms, and a material storage net disposed within the negative pressure channel, located on the proximal side of the annular cutting blade and spanning the negative pressure channel;

[0012] The inner wall of the other end of the intermediate limiting sleeve forms a limiting surface that cooperates with the plurality of elastic arms to limit the radial opening of the plurality of elastic arms.

[0013] The gear adjustment structure is used to position the intermediate limiting sleeve at different axial gears to change the covering length and limiting position of the intermediate limiting sleeve on the multiple elastic arms, thereby limiting the opening diameter of the annular cutting blade.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, the gear adjustment structure includes a row of teeth arranged sequentially along the axial direction on the side wall of the operating handle sleeve, a gear adjustment component on the outside of the operating handle sleeve, and a spring locking claw disposed in the gear adjustment component and cooperating with the teeth.

[0015] In its natural state, the spring-loaded locking claw extends into the corresponding toothed groove to lock the intermediate limiting sleeve in the corresponding gear position. When the spring-loaded locking claw is pressed out of the current toothed groove, the intermediate limiting sleeve can slide axially relative to the operating handle sleeve. After the pressing is released, the spring-loaded locking claw, under the elastic recovery action, engages into the adjacent toothed groove to realize the gear-by-gear positioning adjustment of the intermediate limiting sleeve.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above solution, the adjusting component is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve, or the adjusting component is connected to the proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve through a connecting part passing through the guide groove on the side wall of the operating handle sleeve, so that when the adjusting component moves along the guide groove, it drives the intermediate limiting sleeve to move synchronously along the axial direction.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above solution, the intermediate limiting sleeve is a rigid tube with an inner diameter smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the multiple elastic arms in their naturally open state.

[0018] The outer surfaces of the multiple elastic arms maintain an elastic abutment or limiting fit with the distal inner wall of the intermediate limiting sleeve, and the intermediate limiting sleeve has different degrees of constraint on the multiple elastic arms when it is in different axial positions, so that the annular cutting blade has different opening diameters.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above solution, the near end of the cutting and collecting device is provided with a negative pressure connector that communicates with the negative pressure channel. The negative pressure connector includes a negative pressure connector disposed near the operating handle sleeve. The negative pressure connector is constructed as a standard Luer connector or pipeline interface for connecting to an external negative pressure source.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above solution, the middle section of the tube wall of the cutting and collecting device is connected to an elastic deformation bladder. The internal cavity of the elastic deformation bladder is in fluid communication with the negative pressure channel, and the elastic deformation bladder has a self-recovering structure that can generate rebound suction.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above solution, the elastic arm is 4 to 8 nickel-titanium shape memory alloy supports arranged radially, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy supports have a preset shape of outward expansion.

[0022] As a further improvement to the above solution, the annular cutting blade is a flexible closed coil, or the annular cutting blade is formed by blade strips disposed at the ends of each of the elastic arms; the material of the annular cutting blade is an ultra-thin metal wire or a micro blade strip, and the annular cutting blade can adaptively change its circumferential size as the radial position of the elastic arm changes.

[0023] As a further improvement to the above solution, the material storage net is a microporous flexible filter, the edges of which are connected to the inner side of the multiple elastic arms and cover the far end opening section of the negative pressure channel.

[0024] As a further improvement to the above solution, the outer diameter of the intermediate limiting sleeve is a standard ophthalmic minimally invasive instrument specification size of 23G or 25G.

[0025] Because the present invention adopts the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] This invention provides an integrated device for minimally invasive ophthalmic cutting, retrieval, and transplantation. Through the organic combination of technical features such as the inner diameter constraint of the intermediate limiting sleeve, the integration of the annular cutting blade and the storage net, the flexible configuration of the negative pressure channel, and the standardized size design, it achieves the beneficial effects of controllable cutting precision, safe and efficient operation, and wide applicability. It can effectively solve the problems of poor tissue preparation precision, easy damage during retrieval, inaccurate transplantation, and high risks caused by multiple instrument replacements in existing ophthalmic surgeries.

[0027] Specifically, this invention, firstly, establishes an axially movable intermediate limiting sleeve between the operating handle sleeve and the cutting and collecting device. A position adjustment structure allows for segmented positioning of the intermediate limiting sleeve, causing the inner wall of the other end of the sleeve to radially limit multiple elastic arms to varying degrees, thereby altering the opening diameter of the annular cutting blade. This allows the surgeon to stably and repeatedly adjust the cutting diameter according to the size requirements of the target tissue, avoiding the problem of precise control over the cutting range in traditional instruments. This structure improves the consistency and controllability of tissue slide dimensions, providing a more stable material basis for subsequent transplantation operations.

[0028] Secondly, this invention integrates multiple elastic arms, annular cutting blades, and a material collection net located on one proximal side into a single execution component. A negative pressure channel extending to the distal end is provided within the cutting and collecting device, allowing the target tissue, after being cut by the annular cutting blades, to be promptly transferred proximally under negative pressure and received and retained by the material collection net. Compared to existing methods that separate cutting and retrieval, this invention reduces tissue drift, folding, damage, or loss during the stepwise transport process, improving the integrity and stability of material retrieval, and is particularly suitable for the delicate processing of microscopic ophthalmic tissues.

[0029] Furthermore, this invention integrates the key functions required for cutting, retrieval, and subsequent transplantation into a single instrument, reducing the need for repeated entry and exit, repositioning, and multiple tissue contacts during surgery due to instrument changes. This not only helps shorten the surgical procedure and improve operational continuity but also reduces the risk of additional damage from increased intraocular manipulations, thereby enhancing surgical safety. For minimally invasive ophthalmic surgery, this integrated design better meets the needs of precise and low-disturbance clinical operations.

[0030] Furthermore, the cutting and collecting device of this invention is equipped with a negative pressure channel, which can be used in conjunction with an external negative pressure source to provide continuous and stable adsorption conditions for the recovery of cut tissue. This structure makes the instrument highly adaptable to practical applications, meeting the requirements for immediate recovery after fine tissue cutting and improving the stability of intraoperative control. For different surgical procedures or different usage environments, this invention can improve the reliability of tissue acquisition and transfer processes through negative pressure.

[0031] Furthermore, the cutting and collecting device of the present invention is provided with a negative pressure channel extending to the distal end. This distal negative pressure channel can be connected to a corresponding external negative pressure device depending on the type of surgery, such as the suction port of a phacoemulsification unit for cataract surgery, a vitrectomy unit suction system, or a regular syringe. In some preferred embodiments, the middle section of the tube wall of the cutting and collecting device is also connected to an elastic deformable capsule. The internal cavity of the elastic deformable capsule is in fluid communication with the negative pressure channel. The elastic deformable capsule allows the surgeon to gently squeeze to generate negative pressure, "blowing" air into the hollow negative pressure channel to release the graft, enhancing operational flexibility. This design allows the negative pressure channel of the cutting and collecting device to be connected to an external negative pressure device or an elastic deformable capsule to achieve stable suction. This design is not dependent on specific equipment and allows for flexible selection of the negative pressure source according to clinical conditions, improving the adaptability and reliability of the instrument in different operating room environments. In some preferred embodiments, the instrument as a whole can adopt a 23G or 25G through-hole size, entering the vitreous cavity through the corresponding scleral puncture port, or processing tissues such as the anterior capsule and amnion outside the eye. This feature makes this instrument suitable not only for cutting and transplanting delicate tissues such as the posterior capsule and retina, but also for preparing extraocular materials, significantly broadening its clinical applications. The outer diameter of the intermediate limiting sleeve is a standard 23G or 25G size for minimally invasive ophthalmic instruments. The standardized size design of the intermediate limiting sleeve and the cutting and collecting device results in a small incision and minimal disturbance to ocular tissues. The rational structural layout and intuitive operation path, combined with an integrated single-handed control process, improve the operator's efficiency, reduce the learning curve, and facilitate clinical promotion.

[0032] Furthermore, this invention employs a structure in which the operating handle sleeve, intermediate limiting sleeve, and cutting and collecting device are sequentially nested along the same central axis. The overall layout is compact, the transmission path is clear, and it facilitates continuous actions such as adjusting the setting, cutting, and retrieving with a single hand. This structure not only enhances the intuitiveness and convenience of instrument operation but also helps lower the learning and usage barriers, thereby improving surgical efficiency.

[0033] In summary, this invention achieves adjustable tissue cutting size, reliable material recovery after cutting, and a compact surgical procedure through a linkage limiting mechanism of "gear adjustment structure - intermediate limiting sleeve - elastic arm - annular cutting blade" and an integrated collaborative design of "annular cutting blade - negative pressure channel - material storage net". It can effectively solve the problems of insufficient tissue preparation precision, easy damage during the recovery process, and cumbersome and high-risk operation in the transplantation stage in existing ophthalmic surgery, and has good clinical application value. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ophthalmic minimally invasive cutting, retrieval and transplantation integrated device (with a preset opening diameter of 300μm for the annular cutting blade) disclosed in this invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ophthalmic minimally invasive cutting, retrieval and transplantation integrated device (with a preset opening diameter of 1000μm for the annular cutting blade) disclosed in this invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ophthalmic minimally invasive cutting, retrieval and transplantation integrated device (with a preset opening diameter of 2500μm for the annular cutting blade) disclosed in this invention.

[0038] Figure 4 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cutting and collecting device disclosed in this invention, with the end protruding and in an open state. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the annular cutting blade structure being a flexible closed coil, and Figure 3 is a flexible closed ring structure formed by micro-blade strips fixed to the distal ends of each elastic arm.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gear adjustment structure disclosed in this invention, where the gear adjustment component is positioned at the gear corresponding to a preset opening diameter of 2500μm for the annular cutting blade.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gear adjustment structure disclosed in this invention, in which the gear adjusting component is positioned at a gear corresponding to a preset opening diameter of the annular cutting blade.

[0041] Figure 7 Figure 1 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the cutting and collecting device disclosed in this invention. Figure 2(a) is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the annular cutting blade with a preset opening diameter of 300 μm, Figure 3(b) is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the annular cutting blade with a preset opening diameter of 1000 μm, and Figure 4(c) is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the annular cutting blade with a preset opening diameter of 2500 μm.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] 1. Intermediate limiting sleeve; 2. Elastic deformation bladder; 3. Negative pressure connector; 4. Adjusting component; 5. Elastic arm; 6. Annular cutting blade; 7. Material collection net; 8. Operating handle sleeve; 9. Cutting collection device;

[0044] 10. Tooth groove; 11. Spring locking pawl.

[0045] The realization of the objective, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0048] See Figures 1-7 This invention provides an integrated instrument for minimally invasive ophthalmic cutting, retrieval, and transplantation. This integrated instrument, through a precise coaxial sleeve structure, highly integrates the functions of preparing, immediately retrieving, and accurately transferring micro-tissue slices. The integrated instrument includes an operating handle sleeve 8, an intermediate limiting sleeve 1, and a cutting and collecting device 9, which are coaxially sleeved and connected along the same central axis.

[0049] In this embodiment, the operating handle sleeve 8 serves as the external handheld part, constituting the operating reference for the entire instrument. The intermediate limiting sleeve 1 is movably disposed between the operating handle sleeve 8 and the internal cutting and collecting device 9 along the axial annular cutting blade 6. For ease of description, the end closer to the surgeon's hand is defined as the proximal end, and the end further away from the surgeon and extending towards the surgical area is defined as the distal end. The proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 is connected to the operating handle sleeve 8 via a position adjustment structure, while its distal end extends out of the operating handle sleeve 8 and is coaxially fitted around the cutting and collecting device 9. This three-layer sleeve design effectively reduces the overall radial size of the instrument, enabling it to fit standard 23G or 25G ophthalmic minimally invasive incisions, thereby significantly reducing surgical trauma and the risk of iatrogenic injury.

[0050] Regarding the cutting and retrieval functions, the cutting and collecting device 9 is installed in the innermost layer, with a negative pressure channel extending to its distal end, and an actuation component extending from the distal end. The actuation component includes multiple circumferentially distributed elastic arms 5, and an annular cutting blade 6 connected to the end of each elastic arm 5. The elastic arms 5 have a predetermined bias tendency to expand radially outward in their natural state, thereby expanding the annular cutting blade 6. Since the annular cutting blade 6 can perform circumferentially consistent resection upon contact with tissue, it effectively overcomes the technical defect of traditional manual cutting, which makes it difficult to produce circular tissue slices with neat edges and precise diameter.

[0051] Furthermore, a material collection net 7 is horizontally positioned within the negative pressure channel, near the proximal end of the annular cutting blade 6. During the cutting operation, suction generated within the negative pressure channel first stably adsorbs the target tissue to the center of the annular cutting blade 6. Once the tissue is cut off, the circular tissue fragment detached from the parent tissue is drawn in by the negative pressure airflow and intercepted within the material collection net 7. This instantaneous and synchronous retrieval mechanism of negative pressure adsorption and filter collection completely changes the traditional step-by-step operation mode of "cut first, then tweezers," fundamentally avoiding the risk of millimeter-sized tissue fragments folding, curling, breaking, or being accidentally lost in the intraocular fluid flow, significantly improving the safety of tissue retrieval and the success rate of subsequent transplantation.

[0052] Regarding the diameter adjustment mechanism, the distal inner wall of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 forms a limiting surface, which cooperates with multiple elastic arms 5 to limit the radial opening amplitude of the elastic arms 5. The position adjustment structure is used to position the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 at different axial positions, so that the annular cutting blade 6 is maintained at a preset opening diameter defined by the inner diameter of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1. When the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 extends axially distally, its inner wall gradually covers and compresses the elastic arms 5, using physical constraint to force the elastic arms 5, which have an outward expansion tendency, to converge inward. Because the extension length of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 is precisely controlled by the position adjustment structure, its constraint degree on the elastic arms 5 can be quantitatively adjusted, thereby ensuring that the annular cutting blade 6 can be stably maintained at a specific working diameter according to clinical needs (e.g., within the range of 300μm to 2500μm), achieving standardization and high precision in the preparation of micro-tissue slices.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, this improves the accuracy and tactile feel of diameter adjustment during surgery. For details, please refer to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The gear adjustment structure includes a row of toothed grooves 10 arranged axially on the side wall of the operating handle sleeve 8, a gear adjustment component 4 located on the outside of the operating handle sleeve 8 for the operator to operate, and a spring locking claw 11 located inside the gear adjustment component 4 and cooperating with the toothed grooves 10.

[0054] In terms of mechanical coordination and action logic, the spring-loaded locking claw 11, under natural state, is driven by elastic prestress and extends into the corresponding toothed groove 10. At this time, the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 is rigidly locked in the axial position, which can effectively resist the axial reaction force generated by contact with tissue or negative pressure suction during the operation, avoid the unexpected deviation of the opening diameter of the annular cutting blade 6, and ensure the stability of the cutting operation. When the surgeon needs to adjust the cutting size, the spring-loaded locking claw 11 overcomes the elastic force and exits the current toothed groove 10 by pressing the adjustment piece 4. At this time, the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 is unlocked and can slide freely along the axis relative to the operating handle sleeve 8. After moving to the target position and releasing the press, the spring-loaded locking claw 11 automatically engages in the adjacent or corresponding toothed groove 10 under the elastic recovery action, thereby realizing the step-by-step positioning adjustment of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1. This step-by-step adjustment mechanism of "press-slide-reset" provides the surgeon with clear tactile feedback, allowing him to complete the precise switching of diameter by touch without looking at the instrument scale under direct microscope vision.

[0055] Regarding the linkage connection method, the adjusting component 4 can be directly fixedly connected to the proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1; or, in another preferred embodiment, the adjusting component 4 is connected to the proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 through a connecting part passing through the guide groove on the side wall of the operating handle sleeve 8. The guide groove not only defines the upper and lower limits of the adjusting stroke, but also plays an axial limiting and guiding role, ensuring that when the adjusting component 4 moves, it can drive the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 to move synchronously and smoothly along the axial direction, avoiding circumferential shaking of the sleeve during the sliding process, and further ensuring the coaxiality and accuracy of the actuator during the diameter change process.

[0056] The gear adjustment structure provided by this invention uses a mechanical locking mechanism with teeth and claws to simplify the operation process while enhancing the reliability of the instrument in complex intraocular environments and the standardization of tissue slide preparation.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 employs a rigid tubular structure to provide a stable and deformation-free physical reference. Its inner diameter is pre-set to be smaller than the maximum open outer diameter of the plurality of elastic arms 5 when unrestrained by any external force (i.e., in their natural state). Based on this dimensional difference, when the internal cutting and collecting device 9 is assembled within the intermediate limiting sleeve 1, the elastic arms 5 are forced to converge towards the center, ensuring that their outer surfaces maintain a tight, elastic contact with the distal inner wall of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1.

[0058] This design, firstly, eliminates assembly gaps between inner and outer components due to the radial constraint of the rigid tube on the elastic arm 5. Secondly, when the instrument contacts the target tissue and applies cutting force, the elastic arm 5, supported by the rigid inner wall, effectively prevents lateral displacement or high-frequency vibration of the blade tip under the influence of intraocular fluid flow or tissue reaction force. This highly stable contact state, from a mechanical structural perspective, ensures a smooth cutting trajectory and neat edges, directly solving the technical problems of "uneven edges and poor precision" present in traditional manual cutting or ordinary instrument operation.

[0059] Furthermore, since the elastic arm 5 is always tightly fitted and constrained by the inner wall of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1, the final working diameter of the annular cutting blade 6 is entirely determined by the current inner diameter of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1. In clinical applications, this correspondence transforms the complex control of micrograft size into a simple mechanical selection process: doctors do not need to rely on experience to estimate or trim; they only need to adjust the gear setting according to the required graft size to accurately and repeatably define the cutting ring of the target size (e.g., 300μm to 2500μm). This purely mechanical size-limiting mechanism completely overcomes the pain point of uncontrollable size in the preparation of micro-tissue grafts, ensuring the high quality and standardization of transplant materials.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the proximal operating section of the cutting and collecting device 9 is provided with a negative pressure connector 3 that communicates with the internal negative pressure channel. To maximize clinical applicability, the negative pressure connector 3 is specifically constructed as a standard Luer connector or a universal tubing interface.

[0061] The aforementioned interface structure design boasts exceptional clinical compatibility and operational consistency. Firstly, by employing standard Luer connectors or universal tubing interfaces, this instrument eliminates the need for dedicated negative pressure generating equipment. It can directly and quickly connect to existing external negative pressure sources in ophthalmic operating rooms, such as the suction tubing of phacoemulsification systems for cataract surgery, the negative pressure system of vitrectomy systems, or even directly connect to ordinary sterile syringes for manual aspiration. This modular approach not only reduces surgical costs but also allows the instrument to flexibly adapt to different scenarios, including extraocular preparation and intraocular in-situ cutting.

[0062] The negative pressure connector 3 enables the instrument to obtain continuous and controllable suction force. When connected to an external negative pressure source, the negative pressure airflow travels along the internal channel directly to the distal execution component: before cutting, the negative pressure firmly adsorbs and flattens the thin and fragile target tissue (such as free capsule) on the surface of the annular cutting blade, effectively preventing tissue slippage during cutting and ensuring the neatness of the edges of the retrieval piece; at the moment of tissue cutting, the airflow directly replaces the traditional forceps grasping action, smoothly sucking in the cut micro-tissue piece and firmly storing it in the storage net. This design completely breaks away from the cumbersome steps of "cutting first, then changing instruments to grasp" in traditional surgery, integrating multiple steps into a single-handed, one-button action, fundamentally eliminating the risk of micro-implants folding, rolling, or being lost in the intraocular fluid flow, and significantly improving the efficiency and safety of tissue retrieval.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, an elastic deformation capsule 2 is connected to the holding operation area of ​​the cutting and collecting device 9, i.e., the middle section of the tube wall. The internal cavity of the elastic deformation capsule 2 is in direct fluid communication with the negative pressure channel of the penetrating instrument. In terms of material and mechanical structure, the elastic deformation capsule 2 has a self-recovering structure capable of generating rebound suction, for example, it is made of a high-resilience material such as medical silicone.

[0064] In clinical practice, this structural design firstly grants surgeons a high degree of single-handed autonomous control. When performing in-situ incisions in confined intraocular spaces filled with fluid (such as the vitreous cavity), the surgeon simply needs to gently squeeze the capsule at the natural grip point with their fingertips to release air. Once the distal annular cutting blade 6 adheres to the target tissue (such as the posterior capsule or macular retinal tissue), the surgeon releases their fingers. The capsule rapidly rebounds under the action of the self-healing structure, instantly generating precise and immediate rebound suction at the front end of the negative pressure channel.

[0065] Secondly, this design directly solves the technical problems of "cumbersome operation, low efficiency, and uncontrollable process" in existing technologies. Doctors can perform a continuous one-handed operation of "positioning-adsorption-cutting-storage" without relying on a circulating nurse or stepping on an external machine pedal. The instantaneous and minute hand-controlled negative pressure ensures that the cut micro-tissue slices are safely sucked into the storage net immediately, preventing them from drifting, folding, or being lost in the fluid flow; it also effectively avoids the potential for aspiration of surrounding healthy tissue caused by continuous high-power external machine negative pressure, thereby minimizing the risk of iatrogenic damage and improving the safety and success rate of minimally invasive retinal surgery.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic arm 5 is preferably configured as 4 to 8 nickel-titanium shape memory alloy supports arranged radially. During manufacturing, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy supports are given a pre-defined shape that expands radially outward.

[0067] This design, firstly, ensures high-precision shaping through structural distribution. Four to eight radially arranged, evenly spaced supports provide circumferentially symmetrical tension support to the annular cutting blade 6 at the end. When the supports are constrained by the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 and undergo contraction deformation, this uniform mechanical distribution ensures that the annular cutting blade maintains a perfectly standard circular contour regardless of the target diameter. This fundamentally overcomes the technical shortcomings of traditional manual cutting, which struggles to produce circular tissue pieces with neat edges and precise diameters. It significantly improves the dimensional accuracy and regularity of micro-implants (such as capsules, amniotic membranes, etc.), thereby directly guaranteeing the anastomosis and surgical outcome of subsequent transplantation.

[0068] Secondly, the material properties contribute to high stability and minimally invasiveness. Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy possesses excellent superelasticity and biocompatibility. During repeated entry and exit from minimally invasive incisions or diameter adjustments via the intermediate limiting cannula 1, the stent can withstand a large proportion of radial compression without permanent plastic deformation. Simultaneously, relying on its "outward expansion pre-set shape," the stent can spontaneously and precisely rebound to the set target diameter when the intermediate limiting cannula 1 is withdrawn or replaced with a larger diameter cannula. This self-opening mechanism, relying on the material's memory properties, eliminates the need for complex mechanical expansion transmission components within the instrument, allowing for an extremely small overall outer diameter, such as fitting 23G / 25G standards. In the extremely confined space within the eye, this streamlined and reliable self-recovering structure not only ensures smooth operation but also effectively reduces the risk of iatrogenic injury caused by complex instrument structures, jamming, or frequent changes.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the annular cutting blade 6 is structurally constructed as a flexible closed coil, or as a flexible closed ring structure formed by micro-blade strips fixed to the distal ends of each of the elastic arms 5. The annular cutting blade 6 is made of metal wire or micro-blade strips, and is connected to the ends of each of the elastic arms 5 by physical welding, bonding, or mechanical fixing, so that multiple elastic arms 5 together form a radial support node. This closed coil or micro-blade is circumferentially fixed to the ends of multiple elastic arms 5, thus forming a complete cutting ring. Based on its special flexible material and closed ring physical structure, the annular cutting blade 6 has adaptive circumference adjustment. In actual operation, when the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 changes the axial coverage length of the elastic arm 5 through gear adjustment, the elastic arm 5 undergoes radial convergence or expansion displacement due to the constraint of the limiting surface; at this time, the annular cutting blade 6 closely follows the radial position change of the end of the elastic arm 5, synchronously generating adaptive circumferential contraction or expansion deformation. Through this linkage mechanism, the annular cutting blade 6 can stably form a series of circular working areas with different diameters (e.g., covering the range of 300μm to 2500μm) under different gear constraints.

[0070] This design directly addresses the technical shortcomings of existing technologies, namely, difficulties in material preparation and poor precision. It employs a closed coil composed of ultra-thin metal wires or micro-blade strips. During cutting, the annular cutting edge applies 360-degree uniform physical shearing to fragile tissues (such as the lens capsule and amnion), ensuring that the edges of the cut micro-tissue pieces are extremely smooth, tear-free, and burr-free, fundamentally guaranteeing the regularity of the implant and the surgical anastomosis.

[0071] Secondly, this flexible, continuous cutting edge design with "circumference self-adaptation" cleverly solves the clinical pain points of traditional fixed-diameter instruments, which involve "cumbersome operation procedures and frequent instrument changes." During surgery, surgeons no longer need to frequently withdraw instruments outside the eye to change internal blades of different diameters in order to obtain tissue sections of different sizes. Relying on this internal actuator with "variable diameter" capability, standardized preparation of various sizes of micrografts can be quickly achieved both intraocularly and extraocularly. This not only significantly simplifies complex surgical procedures and greatly shortens surgical time, but also greatly reduces the risk of iatrogenic injury caused by repeated entry and exit of instruments through extremely narrow micro-invasive incisions, thus enhancing the safety margin of the surgery.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the material storage net 7 is specifically constructed as a microporous flexible filter. In the assembly position, the front edge of the microporous flexible filter is directly and physically connected to the inner side of the elastic arm 5, and its net body extends proximally, completely covering and spanning the distal opening section of the negative pressure channel.

[0073] This mesh bag structure, positioned immediately behind the cutting ring, achieves true "integrated cutting and collection." In traditional intraocular procedures, the cutting and transfer of micro-tissue fragments (such as capsules and retinal membranes) typically requires manual manipulation or multiple instrument changes. In this invention, however, because the filter directly intercepts the necessary path of negative pressure suction, the moment the tissue is cut, the free, circular tissue fragment is immediately drawn in by the negative pressure and temporarily stored within the microporous flexible filter. This continuous physical process completely eliminates the risk of micro-tissue fragments drifting, folding, curling, or even being completely lost in the complex intraocular fluid environment.

[0074] Secondly, the use of a microporous flexible filter material ensures smooth airflow through the pores to maintain stable front-end adsorption, while also providing flexible support and cushioning for extremely fragile biological tissue slices, ensuring the cut tissue slices remain flat within the mesh bag. After completing the cutting procedure, the surgeon no longer needs to remove the instrument from the eye or introduce additional grasping tools; simply moving the instrument allows for the safe transfer of the implant within the mesh to the target transplantation area, such as the macular hole. This greatly simplifies the previously cumbersome surgical procedure, significantly shortens the surgical time, and fundamentally reduces the risk of iatrogenic injury caused by frequent instrument entry and exit from the minimally invasive incision.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 is specifically designed to accommodate the standard 23G or 25G ophthalmic minimally invasive instrument size. This means that in clinical applications, this integrated instrument can be directly inserted into the intraocular working area, such as the vitreous cavity, through existing standard 23G or 25G scleral puncture sites.

[0076] In modern vitreoretinal surgeries (such as giant macular hole repair), surgeons typically pre-establish a 23G or 25G minimally invasive channel. The outer diameter of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1 of this instrument precisely matches this standard channel, allowing the instrument to enter and exit the eyeball smoothly and without obstruction, without requiring additional enlargement of the scleral incision to insert the end with a complex cutting and collecting component.

[0077] This structural design directly solves the technical problem of "high operational risk" in existing surgeries: on the one hand, it greatly improves the universality of instruments under the existing standard operating room configuration and enhances the compatibility of intraocular operations; on the other hand, strictly adhering to standard minimally invasive dimensions can effectively maintain the intraocular closure and intraocular pressure stability during the operation, avoid incision tearing or leakage, and minimize the risk of iatrogenic damage to fragile tissues caused by repeated entry and exit of instruments, truly ensuring the safety and minimal invasiveness of the in-situ cutting and precise transplantation of tiny tissue pieces.

[0078] To further demonstrate the coherence, practicality, and significant advantages of this invention in clinical practice, the following section will further illustrate the inventive concept of this invention by combining two typical operational scenarios commonly encountered in minimally invasive ophthalmic surgery.

[0079] Scenario 1: Preparation of micrografts outside the eye and their transfer and release into the eye:

[0080] When using free tissue for filling and repairing retinal diseases (such as macular holes), the procedure is as follows:

[0081] First, tissue spreading and mechanical sizing are performed. The operator lays the amniotic membrane tissue to be cut or the anterior capsule of the lens torn off during the operation, or other biological materials, flat on a sterile slide. Based on the actual measurement needs of the lesion in the affected eye, the operator adjusts the axial coverage length of the elastic arm 5 by changing the setting. Through mechanical compression of the inner wall of the intermediate limiting sleeve 1, the elastic arm 5 of the front-end actuator is precisely constrained, thus opening and stably maintaining within the expected target diameter range. This purely physical limiting step completely eliminates dimensional errors and edge burrs caused by manual cutting, ensuring the standard and perfect size of the prepared tissue slide.

[0082] Secondly, negative pressure cutting and simultaneous storage are performed. The proximal end of the instrument is connected to the negative pressure suction line in the operating room, or an instantaneous negative pressure is generated by manually squeezing and sealing the hand-controlled negative pressure bag. The operator vertically aligns the annular cutting blade 6, which has been opened to a fixed diameter, with the central area of ​​the material to be collected, and gently presses down while initiating negative pressure suction. Under the combined action of the tight suction of the negative pressure airflow and the mechanical shearing of the annular cutting blade 6, the tissue is instantly and precisely cut. At the same time, the cut micro-circular material pieces are directly sucked in and temporarily and securely stored in the flexible material storage net 7 tightly attached to the back of the blade, guided by the negative pressure airflow. This process combines the cutting and retrieval actions into one, avoiding secondary clamping of extremely thin tissue and eliminating the risk of damage.

[0083] Finally, minimally invasive transfer and targeted release are performed. Maintaining negative pressure or relying on the natural encapsulation of the storage net, the operator smoothly inserts the integrated instrument directly into the vitreous cavity through a standard minimally invasive scleral incision (such as a 25G incision) in the pars plana of the ciliary body. Under direct visualization guidance from a wide-angle microscopy system, the instrument tip is steadily transported above the target transplantation area, such as the macular hole. Subsequently, the external negative pressure is released or the seal of the hand-held capsule is removed, and gas is actively injected into the negative pressure channel through the elastically deformable capsule 2. The micro-amniotic membrane / capsule membrane is then released intact and flatly from the mesh bag onto the target site.

[0084] Scenario 2: Intraocular tissue cutting and simultaneous transfer to transplant:

[0085] The advantages of this invention are even more pronounced in complex intraocular procedures that require direct harvesting of in vivo tissue (such as the posterior capsule or localized retina) as grafts:

[0086] First, the instrument is inserted into the eye through a minimally invasive incision while in a closed state (i.e., with the circular cutting blade open to a diameter of 300 μm). Then, under direct visualization with a wide-angle microscope system, and based on the required graft size, the operator adjusts the axial coverage length of the elastic arm 5 using a setting adjustment to accurately extend the cutting ring to the target working diameter, while preparing negative pressure suction. Subsequently, it passes through the vitreous cavity to reach the in vivo lesion area such as the retina or posterior capsule, and the instrument angle is finely adjusted so that the exposed flexible circular cutting ring makes physical contact with the surface of the target tissue to be removed.

[0087] Secondly, in-situ cutting and immediate capture are performed. The doctor activates negative pressure, using stable suction to draw the extremely fragile target tissue centripetally and gently pull it to the center of the circular cutting ring. Under the traction of continuous negative pressure, the circular blade at the end of the elastic arm 5 completes the in-situ circumferential cut. Crucially, the moment the tissue is severed and freed, the disc is immediately drawn into the negative pressure and locked in the storage net behind it. This continuous action, within the confined space of the eye, completely avoids the fatal risks of the free tissue disc rolling, folding, or being lost in the complex intraocular fluid environment.

[0088] Finally, the intraocular transfer and in-situ release are completed. Since the graft is safely stored in the mesh bag at the end of the instrument, the surgeon does not need to remove the cutting blade from the eye to change the grasping forceps. Simply manipulate the instrument to move it within the eye, transporting the tip carrying the graft to the adjacent target transplant area. After releasing the negative pressure, gas is actively injected into the negative pressure channel through the elastic deformable capsule 2, allowing the tissue graft to detach completely and flatly, covering the targeted lesion. This scenario fully leverages the integrated advantage of this invention—"cutting, receiving, and transferring" without changing hands or instruments—simplifying multi-step, high-risk operations, greatly shortening surgical time, and significantly reducing the probability of secondary intraocular damage.

[0089] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated ophthalmic minimally invasive cutting, retrieval, and transplantation instrument, characterized in that, It includes an operating handle sleeve, an intermediate limiting sleeve, and a cutting and collecting device; the operating handle sleeve, the intermediate limiting sleeve, and the cutting and collecting device are sequentially sleeved and connected along the same central axis; The intermediate limiting sleeve is axially movable between the operating handle sleeve and the cutting and collecting device. The proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve is connected to the operating handle sleeve through a gear adjustment structure, and the other end extends out of the operating handle sleeve and is coaxially sleeved outside the cutting and collecting device. The cutting and collecting device has a negative pressure channel extending to its distal end, and the distal end of the cutting and collecting device has an actuation component. The execution components include multiple elastic arms distributed circumferentially, an annular cutting blade connected to the ends of the multiple elastic arms, and a material storage net disposed within the negative pressure channel, located on the proximal side of the annular cutting blade and spanning the negative pressure channel. The inner wall of the other end of the intermediate limiting sleeve forms a limiting surface that cooperates with the multiple elastic arms to limit the radial opening of the multiple elastic arms. The gear adjustment structure is used to position the intermediate limiting sleeve in different axial gears to change the covering length and limiting position of the intermediate limiting sleeve over multiple elastic arms, thereby limiting the opening diameter of the annular cutting blade.

2. The integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear adjustment structure includes a row of teeth arranged sequentially along the axial direction on the side wall of the operating handle sleeve, a gear adjustment component on the outside of the operating handle sleeve, and a spring locking claw located in the gear adjustment component and cooperating with the teeth. In its natural state, the spring-loaded locking claw extends into the corresponding toothed groove to lock the intermediate limiting sleeve in the corresponding gear position. When the spring-loaded locking claw is pressed out of the current toothed groove, the intermediate limiting sleeve can slide axially relative to the operating handle sleeve. After the pressing is released, the spring-loaded locking claw, under the elastic recovery action, engages into the adjacent toothed groove to realize the gear-by-gear positioning adjustment of the intermediate limiting sleeve.

3. The integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting component is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve, or the adjusting component is connected to the proximal end of the intermediate limiting sleeve through a connecting part that passes through the guide groove on the side wall of the operating handle sleeve, so that when the adjusting component moves along the guide groove, it drives the intermediate limiting sleeve to move synchronously along the axial direction.

4. The integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intermediate limiting sleeve is a rigid tube, and its inner diameter is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the multiple elastic arms in their naturally open state. The outer surfaces of the multiple elastic arms maintain an elastic abutment or limiting fit with the distal inner wall of the intermediate limiting sleeve, and the intermediate limiting sleeve has different degrees of constraint on the multiple elastic arms when it is in different axial positions, so that the annular cutting blade has different opening diameters.

5. The integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The near end of the cutting and collecting device is provided with a negative pressure connector that communicates with the negative pressure channel. The negative pressure connector includes a negative pressure connector located near the operating handle sleeve. The negative pressure connector is constructed as a standard Luer connector or pipeline interface for connecting to an external negative pressure source.

6. The integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The middle section of the tube wall of the cutting and collecting device is connected to an elastic deformation bladder. The internal cavity of the elastic deformation bladder is in fluid communication with the negative pressure channel, and the elastic deformation bladder has a self-recovering structure that can generate rebound suction.

7. The integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic arm consists of 4 to 8 nickel-titanium shape memory alloy supports arranged radially, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy supports have a pre-set shape of outward expansion.

8. The integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular cutting blade is a flexible closed coil, or the annular cutting blade is formed by blade strips disposed at the ends of each of the elastic arms; the material of the annular cutting blade is ultra-thin metal wire or micro blade strip, and the annular cutting blade can adaptively change its circumferential size as the radial position of the elastic arm changes.

9. The integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material storage mesh is a microporous flexible filter mesh, the edges of which are connected to the inner side of the multiple elastic arms and cover the far end opening section of the negative pressure channel.

10. The integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the intermediate limiting sleeve is a standard ophthalmic minimally invasive instrument specification size of 23G or 25G.

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