Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnated lung of chicken as well as preparation method and application of traditional Chinese medicine composition

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnated lung of chicken and a preparation method and application thereof, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of wild buckwheat rhizome, 15-25 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 10-20 parts of baical skullcap root, 5-15 parts of platycodon root, 5-15 parts of almond, 5-15 parts of snakegourd seed and 4-8 parts of liquorice root. The composition has the effects of clearing heat, eliminating phlegm, ventilating the lung and relieving cough, and can be used for preparing a preparation for treating chicken respiratory system diseases and an anti-inflammatory preparation. Compared with existing antibiotics and biological agents, the composition is free of drug residues, free of drug resistance, high in safety and suitable for prevention and treatment of chicken phlegm-heat stagnated lung syndromes in large-scale chicken farms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation technology, specifically relating to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens is a common respiratory disease in large-scale chicken farming. It can be caused by single or mixed infections of bacteria, mycoplasma, and viruses. Clinical manifestations include difficulty breathing, open-mouth wheezing, rattling sounds in the throat, and significant tracheal rales. Necropsy reveals lung congestion and edema, and tracheal and bronchial obstruction by thick secretions. Without timely intervention, it can easily lead to suffocation and death in chickens, causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. The existing prevention and treatment techniques and challenges related to phlegm-heat stagnation in chickens are summarized below:

[0003] (1) Non-traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment methods.

[0004] Western medicine compound therapy: The combined use of antibiotics has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of phlegm-heat stagnation in chickens, and has a certain effect on relieving cough and wheezing symptoms caused by susceptible bacteria. However, long-term or inappropriate use of antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance, causing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics to rise continuously, increasing the difficulty of prevention and control. The emergence and spread of drug-resistant bacteria not only weakens the prevention and control effectiveness of the poultry industry itself, but also spreads through the environment and food chain, directly threatening human public health and safety, and increasing the difficulty and risk of treating infectious diseases. At the same time, antibiotic residues in poultry products cannot be ignored. These residual antibiotics enter the human body through the food chain, which may disrupt the balance of normal human flora, increase the risk of human disease, and seriously affect food safety.

[0005] Vaccine prevention: Vaccines stimulate the chicken's immune system to produce antibodies, providing some resistance to specific pathogens and reducing the incidence of diseases related to phlegm and heat accumulation in the lungs. Examples include vaccines against pathogens such as infectious bronchitis and mycoplasma gallisepticum. However, vaccine development is a lengthy process, requiring significant time and resources from pathogen research and vaccine development to clinical trials. Furthermore, pathogens constantly mutate, making it difficult for vaccines to cover all variant strains, thus limiting their protective effect. In addition, vaccination requires strict procedures by professionals, with high standards for storage, dilution, dosage control, and administration methods, increasing breeding costs and management complexity.

[0006] (2) Current status of prevention and treatment with traditional Chinese medicine.

[0007] In the field of prevention and treatment of lung diseases in chickens, there are currently relatively many traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combinations for treating lung heat cough and asthma. Taking the classic Ma Xing Shi Gan formula as an example, it has the effects of clearing heat and ventilating the lungs, relieving cough and asthma, and has a significant therapeutic effect on lung heat cough and asthma in chickens. However, the therapeutic effect of TCM combinations targeting the phlegm-heat stagnation syndrome in chickens needs further improvement.

[0008] While phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs in chickens shares similarities with cough and asthma due to lung heat, there are also significant differences. Phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs emphasizes the interaction and accumulation of phlegm and heat pathogens in the lungs. Besides cough and asthma, it is characterized by thick, copious nasal discharge and phlegm, rattling sounds in the throat, and open-mouthed, neck-stretched breathing. When using formulas specifically for cough and asthma due to lung heat to treat phlegm-heat stagnation in chickens, the efficacy may be unsatisfactory. This is because these formulas primarily focus on clearing heat and relieving asthma, lacking sufficient targeting of the prominent phlegm in phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs. Consequently, the medication cannot effectively address the complex pathological mechanisms of phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs, making it difficult to achieve satisfactory therapeutic results.

[0009] In summary, existing technologies for preventing and treating phlegm-heat stagnation in chickens suffer from problems such as drug resistance, food safety risks, limited vaccine efficacy, and insufficient specificity of traditional Chinese medicine compositions, severely hindering the development of the chicken farming industry. Therefore, based on the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese veterinary medicine, it is urgent to develop safe, effective, residue-free traditional Chinese medicine compositions that can cure phlegm-heat stagnation in chickens. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens, its preparation method and application.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical method adopted by the present invention is as follows: The first aspect of this invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs, said composition being made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of buckwheat, 15-25 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10-20 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 5-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorus, 5-15 parts of apricot kernel, 5-15 parts of trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 4-8 parts of licorice.

[0012] The compatibility principle between the raw materials in the aforementioned traditional Chinese medicine composition is as follows: Buckwheat is slightly pungent and astringent in nature, cool in nature, and enters the lung meridian. It excels at clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling, and eliminating phlegm and pus. It is the principal ingredient in the formula for lung abscesses and purulent sputum caused by phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs, used to directly clear lung heat, detoxify, and drain pus. Houttuynia cordata is pungent and slightly cold in nature, also entering the lung meridian. It excels at clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and draining pus. Used in conjunction with buckwheat, it enhances the lung-clearing and abscess-reducing effects, and together they serve as the principal ingredients.

[0013] Scutellaria baicalensis is bitter and cold in nature, and enters the lung, gallbladder, spleen, large intestine, and small intestine meridians. Its functions include clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and detoxifying, especially effective in clearing lung fire in the upper burner. It assists the principal herb in enhancing its ability to clear lung heat, thus serving as an assistant herb. Trichosanthes kirilowii seed is sweet and cold in nature, and enters the lung, stomach, and large intestine meridians. Its functions include clearing heat and resolving phlegm, relieving chest congestion and dispersing nodules, and moistening dryness and lubricating the intestines. It not only assists the principal herb in clearing heat and resolving phlegm, but also promotes bowel movements and guides lung heat downwards, embodying the principle of treating both the lungs and intestines, thus also serving as an assistant herb.

[0014] Platycodon grandiflorus is bitter, pungent, and neutral in nature, and enters the lung meridian. Its functions include clearing the lungs, relieving sore throat, eliminating phlegm, and draining pus. It can open up lung qi, facilitate the drainage of pus and phlegm, and carry other medicines upwards. Apricot kernel is bitter and slightly warm in nature, and enters the lung and large intestine meridians. Its functions include lowering qi, relieving cough and asthma, and moistening the intestines to promote bowel movements. Platycodon grandiflorus and apricot kernel, one clearing and the other lowering, regulate lung qi, relieve cough and asthma, and together serve as adjuvant medicines.

[0015] Licorice is sweet and neutral in nature, and enters the heart, lung, spleen, and stomach meridians. Its functions include clearing heat and detoxifying, eliminating phlegm and relieving cough, relieving spasms and pain, harmonizing other herbs, and working together with the whole formula to stop cough and resolve phlegm. It is used as an adjuvant herb.

[0016] When used together, the above-mentioned medicines work synergistically to clear heat and detoxify, eliminate carbuncles and drain pus, promote lung function and relieve asthma, and clear the bowels and resolve phlegm. They are suitable for symptoms such as cough, wheezing, excessive phlegm, and fever in poultry such as chickens caused by phlegm and heat stagnation in the lungs.

[0017] Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine composition is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts buckwheat, 20 parts houttuynia cordata, 15 parts scutellaria baicalensis, 10 parts platycodon grandiflorus, 10 parts apricot kernel, 10 parts trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 6 parts licorice.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the aforementioned traditional Chinese medicine composition, comprising the following steps: Weigh the raw materials according to the stated weight proportions, mix them, and set aside. Add water to the raw materials to soak, then bring to a boil over high heat and simmer over low heat for 20 to 30 minutes. Collect the liquid to obtain the Chinese herbal composition.

[0019] Preferably, the amount of water added to the active pharmaceutical ingredient is 8 to 12 times the weight of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.

[0020] Preferably, the soaking time is 0.5h to 2h.

[0021] Preferably, the simmering time is 20 minutes.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition is used in any of the following: 1) Preparation of formulations for treating respiratory diseases in chickens; 2) Prepare anti-inflammatory formulations.

[0023] Preferably, the formulation further includes pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0024] Preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include at least one of fillers, flavoring agents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, antacids, and nutritional fortifiers.

[0025] Preferably, the filler comprises any one of microcrystalline cellulose, starch, lactose, and mannitol.

[0026] Preferably, the flavoring agent includes any one of steviol glycosides, aspartame, and sucrose.

[0027] Preferably, the adhesive comprises either starch paste or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

[0028] Preferably, the disintegrant comprises either starch or low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose.

[0029] Preferably, the lubricant comprises any one of magnesium stearate, talc, and polyethylene glycol.

[0030] Preferably, the antacid agent includes either calcium carbonate or aluminum hydroxide.

[0031] Preferably, the nutritional fortifier includes any one of vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin D.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of buckwheat, 15-25 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10-20 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 5-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorus, 5-15 parts of apricot kernel, 5-15 parts of trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 4-8 parts of licorice. This traditional Chinese medicine composition contains buckwheat, which clears heat and detoxifies, drains pus and removes blood stasis, clears heat and toxins from the lungs, and resolves phlegm and pus. Houttuynia cordata also has the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, eliminating carbuncles and draining pus, and works synergistically with buckwheat to enhance its heat-clearing and pus-draining power, relieving symptoms such as fever, cough, and phlegm. Scutellaria baicalensis clears heat and dries dampness, drains fire and detoxifies, assisting the principal herb in clearing lung heat. Platycodon grandiflorus promotes lung function and eliminates phlegm, restoring lung function and smoothing the flow of Qi, while also guiding the medicine into the lungs to promote phlegm expulsion and regulate breathing. Apricot kernel lowers Qi, stops cough and relieves asthma, targeting cough and asthma caused by phlegm-heat leading to upward reversal of lung Qi, lowering and restoring lung function. Trichosanthes kirilowii seed moistens the lungs, resolves phlegm, lubricates the intestines and promotes bowel movements, moistens lung dryness, and resolves sticky phlegm, using the lung and intestines as an exterior and interior pathway to clear phlegm-heat from the lungs. Licorice harmonizes the other herbs, eliminates phlegm and stops cough, making the herbs synergistic and enhancing the cough-suppressing effect, closely addressing the pathogenesis of phlegm-heat accumulation. The combined effects of these herbs are to clear heat and resolve phlegm, promote lung function and stop cough.

[0033] 2. Animal experiments showed that this invention can significantly reduce inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue, lower the levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β, alleviate pulmonary edema, and effectively relieve oxidative stress damage. Network pharmacology studies further revealed that it exerts its effects through multiple targets and pathways, including the regulation of BCL2, IL1B, and MAPK, with a clear mechanism. In summary, this invention is safe and effective, and suitable for the prevention and treatment of phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs in large-scale chicken farms.

[0034] 3. Compared with traditional antibiotic treatment, the traditional Chinese medicine composition of this invention has the characteristics of multiple components and multiple targets. With anti-inflammation as the core, it also takes into account resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis, clearing the lungs and relieving asthma, and repairing lung tissue damage. It regulates the whole body from the core pathogenesis of phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs, treating both the symptoms and the root cause, and avoiding the drug resistance problem caused by the single target of traditional antibiotics. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 These are pathological changes in lung tissue.

[0036] Figure 2 The wet-to-dry weight ratio and inflammatory marker levels of lung tissue are shown. A: Lung tissue wet-to-dry weight ratio; B: TNF content; C: IL1-β content.

[0037] Figure 3 These represent the levels of oxidation-related indicators in lung tissue. A: MDA content; B: SOD content.

[0038] Figure 4 This invention relates to the target protein interaction network of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating chicken pneumonia.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top 30 core target proteins in terms of protein content for treating chicken pneumonia using the traditional Chinese medicine composition described in this invention.

[0040] Figure 6 Enrichment analysis of the biological processes of the target of traditional Chinese medicine composition in the treatment of chicken pneumonia.

[0041] Figure 7 Enrichment analysis of the KEGG signaling pathway for the treatment of chicken pneumonia using traditional Chinese medicine compositions. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further illustrated below with specific embodiments, but these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Modifications or substitutions to the details and form of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, but all such modifications or substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the following examples, 1g represents one part by weight.

[0044] Example 1 A method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens is as follows: Weigh out the raw materials: weigh out 30g of buckwheat, 20g of houttuynia cordata, 15g of scutellaria baicalensis, 10g of platycodon grandiflorus, 10g of apricot kernel, 10g of trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 6g of licorice root, and mix them together for later use.

[0045] First decoction: Soak the raw medicinal materials in water ten times their weight at room temperature for 1 hour before starting the first decoction. During the first decoction, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat for 30 minutes. Collect the liquid and use the dregs for the second decoction.

[0046] Second decoction: Add ten times the amount of water to the dregs, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat for 20 minutes, and collect the liquid.

[0047] Concentrated medicinal liquid: The medicinal liquid from the two decoctions is filtered through a 100-mesh filter, combined and mixed, and then evaporated at 60°C to 1g / mL (total feed is 101g of raw medicinal materials, concentrated medicinal liquid to 101mL) to obtain the Chinese herbal composition.

[0048] Example 2 A method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens is as follows: Weigh out the raw materials: weigh out 25g of buckwheat, 15g of houttuynia cordata, 10g of scutellaria baicalensis, 5g of platycodon grandiflorus, 5g of apricot kernel, 5g of trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 4g of licorice root, and mix them together for later use.

[0049] First decoction: Soak the raw medicinal materials in water ten times their weight for 0.5 hours before starting the first decoction. During the first decoction, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat for 30 minutes. Collect the liquid, and use the dregs for the second decoction.

[0050] Second decoction: Add ten times the amount of water to the dregs, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat for 20 minutes, and collect the liquid.

[0051] Concentrated medicinal liquid: The medicinal liquid from the two decoctions is filtered through a 100-mesh filter, combined and mixed, and then evaporated at 60°C to 1g / mL to obtain the Chinese herbal composition.

[0052] Example 3 A method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens is as follows: Weigh out the raw materials: weigh out 35g of buckwheat, 25g of houttuynia cordata, 20g of scutellaria baicalensis, 15g of platycodon grandiflorus, 15g of apricot kernel, 15g of trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 8g of licorice root, and mix them together for later use.

[0053] First decoction: Soak the raw medicinal materials in water ten times their weight for 2 hours before starting the first decoction. During the first decoction, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat for 30 minutes. Collect the liquid, and use the dregs for the second decoction.

[0054] Second decoction: Add ten times the amount of water to the dregs, bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat for 20 minutes, and collect the liquid.

[0055] Concentrated medicinal liquid: The medicinal liquid from the two decoctions is filtered through a 100-mesh filter, combined and mixed, and then evaporated at 60°C to 1g / mL to obtain the Chinese herbal composition.

[0056] Experimental verification showed that the traditional Chinese medicine compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of this invention had no significant difference in their effects on treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens. For ease of description, only the experimental results of Example 1 are shown in the specific embodiments of this invention.

[0057] Example 4 The application of a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens is as follows: A lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model was established using 21-day-old broiler chickens via intratracheal infusion at a concentration of 2 mg / kg. The model included a control group, a model group, a high-concentration treatment group, and a low-concentration treatment group.

[0058] The modeling group, high-concentration treatment group, and low-concentration treatment group were administered lipopolysaccharide via tracheal infusion, while the control group was administered physiological saline via tracheal infusion. On the day of modeling and the following day, the high-concentration treatment group and the low-concentration treatment group were administered the traditional Chinese medicine composition prepared in Example 1 of this invention by gavage, with gavage doses of 0.9 g / kg bw and 0.6 g / kg bw, respectively, while the remaining groups were administered physiological saline by gavage. See Table 1 for details.

[0059] Observe and record changes in symptoms in the experimental chickens, including respiratory status and mental state. On the third day of modeling, collect lung tissue from the chickens, calculate the wet-to-dry weight ratio of the lungs, prepare tissue sections, and use HE staining to detect changes in lung tissue morphology. Use an ELISA kit to detect the levels of inflammatory factor proteins in lung tissue, and use a kit to detect partial oxidation-related indicators in lung tissue.

[0060] Table 1 Treatment of different groups Note: "-" in Table 1 indicates that this item is not present.

[0061] Simultaneously, the TCMSP database was used to retrieve components from buckwheat, houttuynia cordata, scutellaria baicalensis, platycodon grandiflorus, apricot kernel, and licorice. Since the TCMSP database did not include trichosanthes kirilowii seed, the Symmap database was used to retrieve the trichosanthes kirilowii seed component. Components meeting the criteria of OB≥20% and DL≥0.10 were retained. Target information for the screened components was obtained from the TCMSP database, and the Uniprot database was used to convert the target protein names to gene names. Since the typical manifestation of phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens is lung inflammation, chicken pneumonia was selected as the disease target. The GeneCards database was used to retrieve the disease target "chicken pneumonia" (screening condition: Relevance score≥1). Then, the intersection of the obtained disease target and the target of the screened TCM composition components was taken as the target intersection for the TCM composition in treating chicken pneumonia. Protein-protein interaction analysis (interaction score ≥ 0.9) was performed on the intersection targets using the String database, and GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the intersection targets using the DAVID database. Chicken was the species selected for all tests.

[0062] The results are as follows: Figure 1The results showed that the lung tissue structure in the control group was intact, with no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration or vascular changes, indicating no exogenous damage. Compared with the control group, the lung tissue in the model group showed more inflammatory cells and erythrocyte infiltration, suggesting that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused inflammatory reactions and tissue damage in the lung tissue. Compared with the model group, the pathological changes in the lung tissue of each treatment group were significantly improved, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells and erythrocytes was reduced. This indicates that the traditional Chinese medicine composition can alleviate LPS-induced lung tissue damage in chickens.

[0063] Figure 2 The results showed that compared with the control group, the lung wet-to-dryness ratio was significantly increased in the model group; and compared with the model group, the lung wet-to-dryness ratio was significantly decreased in the treatment group. The lung wet-to-dryness ratio is a key indicator for measuring the degree of pulmonary edema. The above results indicate that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to increased fluid exudation in the chicken lungs, and traditional Chinese medicine can inhibit LPS-induced fluid exudation and alleviate lung tissue edema. Furthermore, TNF-α and IL-1β are core pro-inflammatory cytokines mediating acute inflammatory responses. They are released in large quantities by immune cells in the early stages of infection, activating and amplifying the inflammatory cascade, directly leading to tissue damage, capillary leakage, and systemic inflammatory states. In this traditional Chinese medicine composition, buckwheat, houttuynia cordata, and scutellaria baicalensis are all heat-clearing and detoxifying herbs, capable of clearing heat and detoxifying, cooling the blood and stopping bleeding, and reducing vascular permeability, thereby potentially alleviating inflammatory responses and vascular leakage, and reducing the lung wet-to-dryness ratio. Compared with the control group, the levels of TNF and IL1-β proteins in the lung tissue of the model group were significantly increased, indicating that lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in chicken lung tissue. Compared with the model group, the levels of TNF and IL1-β proteins, which are inflammation-related factors in the lung tissue, were significantly decreased in the treatment group, indicating that the traditional Chinese medicine composition can alleviate the inflammatory response of chicken lung tissue induced by lipopolysaccharide.

[0064] Figure 3 The results showed that compared with the control group, the model group had significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation products (MDA) and significantly lower levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD); compared with the model group, the treatment group had significantly lower levels of MDA and significantly higher levels of SOD. MDA is the end product of lipid peroxidation, and its elevated levels directly reflect the degree of cell membrane damage caused by free radical attacks. SOD is a core antioxidant enzyme, and its decreased activity indicates insufficient ability of the body to scavenge oxygen free radicals. This traditional Chinese medicine composition contains multiple antioxidant components, and the experimental results demonstrate that it can significantly reduce MDA levels and increase SOD levels in chicken lung tissue, indicating that the traditional Chinese medicine composition can inhibit lipid peroxidation and enhance endogenous antioxidant capacity, alleviating lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress damage in chicken lung tissue.

[0065] Figure 4The results show that the traditional Chinese medicine composition described in this invention has multiple interactions with the intersection targets of chicken pneumonia. Core nodes such as BCL2, CASP3, CCND1, IL1B, and IL6 are located at network hubs and may be key targets for the therapeutic effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition. Analysis of node degree values ​​reveals that the top 12 are BCL2, CASP3, CCND1, IL1B, IL6, AKT1, CASP9, MAPK3, BCL2L1, CTNNB1, JUN, and RB1. Figure 5 Among them, BCL2, CASP3, and CASP9 are core molecules regulating apoptosis. Excessive apoptosis during the inflammation of chicken lungs aggravates lung damage, and these targets can reduce lung tissue damage by regulating apoptosis balance. CCND1, AKT1, and MAPK3 participate in cell proliferation and inflammatory signaling pathways, can regulate the proliferation and repair of lung epithelial cells, and inhibit excessive inflammatory responses in the lungs. IL1B and IL6 are core pro-inflammatory factors, and targeting and inhibiting their expression can alleviate inflammatory responses in the lungs. BCL2L1, CTNNB1, JUN, and RB1 can synergistically regulate immune disorders and the inflammatory microenvironment in the lungs by regulating immune cell function and inflammatory pathway transduction. The traditional Chinese medicine composition may alleviate lung tissue cell apoptosis, inflammatory exudation, and pathological damage in chicken phlegm-heat stagnation lung syndrome through the combined action of the above targets.

[0066] Figure 6 The results show that the biological processes enriched at the intersection target include positive regulation of gene expression, negative regulation of apoptosis, positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II, positive regulation of angiogenesis, and positive regulation of the MAPK cascade. The pathological mechanism of phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs involves multiple complex biological processes such as inflammatory response, apoptosis, and cell damage and repair. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compositions may exert therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms. Regarding inflammatory responses, TCM compositions may reduce excessive inflammation-induced lung tissue damage by negatively regulating cytokine production during inflammatory responses; simultaneously, by positively regulating gene expression and RNA polymerase II's regulation of transcription, they may moderately upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory genes and immunomodulatory protein genes to enhance the body's immune defense capabilities. Regarding apoptosis, they may negatively regulate the apoptosis process, reducing unnecessary cell death in lung tissue and maintaining the integrity of lung tissue structure and function. Furthermore, by positively regulating cell population proliferation, epithelial cell proliferation, and endothelial cell proliferation, they may promote the repair and regeneration of damaged lung tissue; by positively regulating cell migration, they may promote the effective migration of immune cells to the site of inflammation to clear pathogens, and the migration of epithelial cells to fill damaged areas.

[0067] Figure 7The study revealed that the main signaling pathways enriched at the intersection target sites include the MAPK signaling pathway, the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, the FoxO signaling pathway, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. The traditional Chinese medicine composition may exert its therapeutic effects by regulating multiple signaling pathways. For example, by regulating the MAPK, Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, it can inhibit their overactivation to reduce the release of inflammatory factors and alleviate lung inflammation; by regulating the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, it can enhance the recognition and clearance of pathogens by immune cells and avoid immune overstimulation; by regulating the FoxO and p53 signaling pathways, it can maintain the normal regulation of apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell cycle homeostasis, and cell damage repair, thus protecting lung tissue; by regulating apoptosis and senescence, it can regulate apoptosis levels and delay cellular senescence; by affecting focal adhesion-related proteins, it can promote the migration of lung epithelial cells and repair damaged tissue; and by regulating the VEGF signaling pathway, it can affect angiogenesis and permeability, alleviate pulmonary edema, and promote tissue repair.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating phlegm-heat stagnation in the lungs of chickens, characterized in that, The traditional Chinese medicine composition is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of buckwheat, 15-25 parts of houttuynia cordata, 10-20 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 5-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorus, 5-15 parts of apricot kernel, 5-15 parts of trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 4-8 parts of licorice.

2. The traditional Chinese medicine composition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The traditional Chinese medicine composition is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts buckwheat, 20 parts houttuynia cordata, 15 parts scutellaria baicalensis, 10 parts platycodon grandiflorus, 10 parts apricot kernel, 10 parts trichosanthes kirilowii seed, and 6 parts licorice.

3. The method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Weigh the raw materials according to the stated weight proportions, mix them, and set aside. Add water to the raw materials and soak them. After soaking, bring to a boil over high heat and simmer over low heat for 20 to 30 minutes. Collect the liquid to obtain the Chinese herbal composition.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amount of water added to the active pharmaceutical ingredient is 8 to 12 times its weight.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Soaking time is 0.5h to 2h.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Simmer over low heat for 20 minutes.

7. The application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The traditional Chinese medicine composition is used in any of the following: 1) Preparation of formulations for treating respiratory diseases in chickens; 2) Prepare anti-inflammatory formulations.

8. The application as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The formulation also includes pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

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