Laser cutting machine with efficient dust removal device

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting machine with an efficient dust removal device, and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment.The laser cutting machine comprises a cutting machine body and a dust removal mechanism, the dust removal mechanism comprises an upper smoke suction hood, a discharging dust collection box, an air distribution valve, a centrifugal fan, a filtering unit and a dust collection unit, and the upper smoke suction hood is installed on the outer side of a laser cutting head; the discharging dust collecting box comprises an inclined discharging plate and a settling box, the inclined discharging plate is installed at the tail end of the laser cutting machine, the settling box is installed below the inclined discharging plate in a sealed mode, vent holes are formed in the surface of the settling box, the upper smoke suction cover and the settling box are connected with the filtering unit through pipelines, and the dust collecting unit is installed below the filtering unit. The centrifugal fan is connected to the rear portion of the filtering unit, the filtering unit comprises a filtering box, a filtering cylinder and a reciprocating swing mechanism, the filtering cylinder is rotationally arranged in the filtering box, the reciprocating swing mechanism is arranged on one side of the filtering cylinder, smoke dust generated in the working process of the laser cutting machine can be efficiently captured, a filtering material can be automatically cleaned, and the maintenance frequency is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting equipment technology, and more specifically to a laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting technology, as a high-precision and high-efficiency method for processing metal sheets, has been widely used in industrial production. However, during the laser cutting process, when a high-energy-density laser beam acts on the surface of the metal sheet, it generates a large amount of high-temperature fumes and molten material. These contaminants not only permeate the working cavity of the equipment, severely polluting the surface cleanliness of the cut sheet and affecting product quality, but may also adhere to precision components such as optical lenses and guide rails of the laser cutting machine, leading to decreased equipment precision and shortened lifespan.

[0003] Existing laser cutting machines are typically equipped with dust removal devices, but these generally suffer from low dust removal efficiency and inconvenient cleaning. For example, traditional single-point fume hoods struggle to completely capture the smoke and dust generated during the cutting process, especially since a large amount of particles falling from the sheet metal during unloading can easily be re-entrained. Furthermore, the filter cartridges in the filtration unit are prone to clogging after prolonged operation, requiring frequent shutdowns for manual cleaning or replacement. This not only disrupts continuous production but also increases maintenance costs and workload, severely impacting the overall operating efficiency of the laser cutting machine.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to optimize and improve the existing dust removal system of laser cutting machines, and to develop an integrated dust removal device that can efficiently capture dust, automatically clean filter materials, reduce maintenance frequency, and effectively reduce the interference of slag removal operations on the laser cutting process, so as to meet the urgent needs of modern manufacturing industry for efficient and clean production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device. The present invention achieves efficient separation and collection of smoke and particulate matter through the coordinated dust collection of the upper smoke hood and the lower dust collection box, the precise control of the air volume distribution valve, and the filter unit with a reciprocating oscillating cleaning mechanism, thereby ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of laser cutting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device includes a cutting machine body and a dust removal mechanism installed on the cutting machine body. The dust removal mechanism includes an upper fume hood, a material discharge dust collection box, an air volume distribution valve, a centrifugal fan, a filter unit, and a dust collection unit. The upper fume hood is installed on the outside of the laser cutting head. The material discharge dust collection box includes an inclined material discharge plate and a settling box. The inclined material discharge plate is installed at the end of the laser cutting machine, and the settling box is sealed and installed below the inclined material discharge plate. The surface of the inclined material discharge plate is provided with several ventilation holes. The upper fume hood and the settling box are respectively connected to the filter unit through pipelines. The dust collection unit is installed below the filter unit. The centrifugal fan is connected to the rear of the filter unit. The filter unit includes a filter box, a filter cartridge, and a reciprocating swing mechanism. The filter cartridge is rotatably disposed in the filter box, and the reciprocating swing mechanism is disposed on one side of the filter cartridge, which can clean the filter cartridge.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a flow guide baffle, which is disposed below the inclined feeding plate and in the space above the settling box. The flow guide baffle is parallel to the bottom surface of the inclined feeding plate and maintains a distance, thereby forming an independent smoke and dust removal channel between the two.

[0008] Furthermore, the dust collection unit includes a dust collection hopper and a rotary valve. The rotary valve is installed at the bottom of the dust collection hopper, and a drive motor is installed on the dust collection hopper corresponding to the rotary valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the filter cartridge is a fireproof filter cartridge with a PTFE film coating on its surface. A driven sprocket is provided on one side of the filter cartridge, and a driving sprocket is installed on the shaft of the star-shaped discharge valve. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by a chain.

[0010] Furthermore, the reciprocating oscillating mechanism includes a driven gear, an eccentric cam, a transmission plate, an oscillating rod, and a scraper. The driven gear meshes with the gear of the double-linked assembly. The oscillating rod is rotatably mounted on one side of the filter cartridge. The scraper is fixedly mounted on the oscillating rod. The eccentric cam is mounted at the end of the oscillating rod, located above the driven gear. One end of the transmission plate is hinged to the cam end of the eccentric cam, and the other end of the transmission plate is hinged to the driven gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the scraper includes a metal substrate and a conductive fiber brush. The conductive fiber brush is woven from a mixture of stainless steel fiber and carbon fiber. The conductive fiber brush is fixedly installed on the side of the metal substrate facing the filter cartridge. The metal substrate is electrically connected to the swing rod, and the swing rod is grounded through a wire. The conductive fiber brush contacts the surface of the filter cartridge during the reciprocating swing.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom front end of the inclined feeding plate is provided with a particle drop hole.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a spark catcher, which is installed on the pipe near one end of the upper smoke hood.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves dual capture of smoke and dust generated at the cutting source (laser beam application point) and during the material dropping process (workpiece sliding down after cutting) by setting up an upper fume hood and a material dropping dust collection box. The inclined material dropping plate and its ventilation holes in the material dropping dust collection box, combined with the independent smoke and dust suction channel formed by the guide baffle, can effectively prevent large particles from clogging the box and ensure that the settling box efficiently sucks up the dust raised during the falling process, greatly improving the overall dust removal efficiency and reducing the emission of smoke and dust in the workshop; 2. The filter unit of this invention adopts a rotatable filter cartridge design and is equipped with a reciprocating swing mechanism consisting of an eccentric cam, a swing rod, and a scraper. This mechanism can continuously or intermittently clean the surface of the filter cartridge, effectively removing the dust layer adhering to the filter material, preventing filter cartridge clogging, thereby maintaining a stable airflow and negative pressure in the system, ensuring the durability of the dust removal effect, and reducing energy loss and frequent manual maintenance requirements caused by increased filter cartridge resistance. 3. The filter cartridge of this invention uses a PTFE-coated fireproof filter cartridge, which has good flame retardancy and filtration accuracy, and can effectively intercept high-temperature particles. Secondly, a spark catcher is installed on the pipeline near the upper fume hood to pre-capture sparks generated during cutting, preventing them from entering the filtration unit and causing a fire. In particular, the conductive fiber brush design of the scraper (woven from a mixture of stainless steel and carbon fiber) and the conduction of static electricity through a metal substrate, swing rod, and grounded support frame effectively eliminate static electricity buildup caused by friction during cleaning, which is crucial for handling metal dust with an explosion risk, greatly improving the safety of the equipment. 4. By linking the drive shaft of the rotary valve, the rotation of the filter cartridge, and the drive wheel of the reciprocating oscillating mechanism with sprockets and chains, coordinated operations of dust removal, filter cartridge rotation, and dust collection and unloading are achieved. This mechanical linkage structure is simple and reliable, using a single power source to drive multiple actions, reducing manufacturing costs and failure rates, automating the dust removal process, ensuring continuous and sealed discharge of collected dust from the dust collection unit, and preventing secondary dust generation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the material feeding and dust collection box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filtration unit and dust collection unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter cartridge and planetary unloading valve of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Cutting machine body; 2. Upper fume hood; 3. Inclined discharge plate; 4. Settling box; 5. Particle drop hole; 6. Filter box; 7. Filter cartridge; 8. Baffle plate; 9. Dust collection hopper; 10. Discharge valve; 11. Drive sprocket; 12. Double assembly; 13. Drive motor; 14. Driven gear; 15. Eccentric cam; 16. Transmission plate; 17. Swing rod; 18. Scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and "one side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this invention discloses a laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device, including a cutting machine body 1 and a dust removal mechanism installed on the cutting machine body 1. The dust removal mechanism includes an upper fume hood 2, a material discharge dust collection box, an air volume distribution valve, a centrifugal fan, a filter unit, and a dust collection unit. The upper fume hood 2 is installed on the outside of the laser cutting head. The material discharge dust collection box includes an inclined material discharge plate 3 and a settling box 4. The inclined material discharge plate 3 is installed at the end of the laser cutting machine. The settling box 4 is sealed and installed below the inclined material discharge plate 3. The surface of the inclined material discharge plate 3 is provided with several ventilation holes. The bottom front end of the inclined material discharge plate 3 is provided with a particle drop hole 5. The upper fume hood 2 and the settling box 4 are respectively connected to the filter unit through pipelines. The dust collection unit is installed below the filter unit. The centrifugal fan is connected to the rear of the filter unit. The filter unit includes a filter box 6, a filter cartridge 7, and a reciprocating swing mechanism. The filter cartridge 7 is rotatably installed in the filter box 6. The reciprocating swing mechanism is located on one side of the filter cartridge 7 and can clean the filter cartridge 7.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a flow guide baffle 8, which is disposed below the inclined feeding plate 3 and in the upper space of the settling box 4. The flow guide baffle 8 is parallel to the bottom surface of the inclined feeding plate 3 and maintains a distance, thereby forming an independent dust suction channel between the two. It can generate a stable and high-speed airflow, accurately capture and guide dust, and effectively prevent its dispersion. This structure also realizes the primary separation of coarse and fine dust, allowing heavy particles to settle naturally, while specifically sucking up fine dust that is difficult to capture, thereby significantly reducing the load on the downstream filtration system and achieving energy-saving operation while improving dust removal efficiency.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust collection unit includes a dust collection hopper 9 and a rotary valve 10. The rotary valve 10 is installed at the bottom of the dust collection hopper 9, and a drive motor 13 is installed in the dust collection hopper 9 corresponding to the rotary valve 10. The rotary valve 10 enables continuous automated discharge in a sealed state. The rotating blade structure of the valve forms an effective sealing barrier between the upper and lower chambers, ensuring that the dust above the dust collection hopper 9 can be continuously discharged without stopping the machine, while external air cannot flow in the reverse direction, thereby perfectly maintaining the negative pressure stability inside the filtration system and ensuring dust removal efficiency.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filter cartridge 7 is a fireproof filter cartridge with a PTFE film coating on its surface. A gear and sprocket double assembly 12 is provided on one side of the rotating shaft of the filter cartridge 7, and a drive sprocket 11 is installed on the rotating shaft of the star-shaped discharge valve 10. The drive sprocket 11 and the sprocket of the double assembly 12 are driven by a chain. The sprocket drives the filter cartridge 7 to rotate, ensuring that the smoke and dust adhere evenly to the filter cartridge 7.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reciprocating oscillating mechanism includes a driven gear 14, an eccentric cam 15, a transmission plate 16, an oscillating rod 17, and a scraper 18. The driven gear 14 meshes with the gear of the double-linked member 12. The oscillating rod 17 is rotatably mounted on one side of the filter cartridge 7. The scraper 18 is fixedly mounted on the oscillating rod 17. The eccentric cam 15 is mounted on the end of the oscillating rod 17, located above the driven gear 14. One end of the transmission plate 16 is hinged to the cam end of the eccentric cam 15, and the other end of the transmission plate 16 is hinged to the driven gear 14. Driven by the driving sprocket 11, the double-linked member 12 can be rotated, thereby driving the driven gear 14 meshing with the gear to rotate. During the rotation, the driven gear 14 drives the oscillating rod 17 to reciprocate through the transmission plate 16, thereby driving the scraper 18 to reciprocate.

[0025] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the scraper 18 includes a metal substrate and a conductive fiber brush. The conductive fiber brush is woven from a mixture of stainless steel fibers and carbon fibers, and its volume resistivity is less than 10. 4The conductive fiber brush, with a strength of Ω·cm, ensures rapid static electricity dissipation. It is fixedly mounted on the side of the metal substrate facing the filter cartridge 7. The metal substrate is electrically connected to the swing rod 17, which is grounded via a wire. During its reciprocating swing, the conductive fiber brush contacts the surface of the filter cartridge 7. Integrating the conductive fiber brush into the scraper 18 of the original reciprocating swing mechanism and grounding it solves the problem of static electricity accumulation in metal dust filtration. When cleaning the surface of the filter cartridge 7, the conductive fiber brush not only effectively removes dust but also conducts static electricity away from the cartridge in real time, preventing electrostatic discharge from igniting metal dust and thus avoiding potential explosion risks. Simultaneously, the flexibility of the conductive fiber brush reduces wear on the surface of the filter cartridge 7, extending its lifespan.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spark catcher is also included. The spark catcher is installed on the pipe near one end of the upper smoke hood 2 and can pre-capture the sparks generated by cutting to prevent them from entering the filter unit and causing a fire.

[0027] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device, comprising a cutting machine body and a dust removal mechanism installed on the cutting machine body, characterized in that, The dust removal mechanism includes an upper fume hood, a material collection box, an air volume distribution valve, a centrifugal fan, a filter unit, and a dust collection unit. The upper fume hood is installed on the outside of the laser cutting head. The material collection box includes an inclined material feeding plate and a settling box. The inclined material feeding plate is installed at the end of the laser cutting machine, and the settling box is sealed and installed below the inclined material feeding plate. The surface of the inclined material feeding plate is provided with several ventilation holes. The upper fume hood and the settling box are respectively connected to the filter unit through pipelines. The dust collection unit is installed below the filter unit. The centrifugal fan is connected to the rear of the filter unit. The filter unit includes a filter box, a filter cartridge, and a reciprocating swing mechanism. The filter cartridge is rotatably installed in the filter box, and the reciprocating swing mechanism is located on one side of the filter cartridge, which can clean the filter cartridge.

2. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a flow guide baffle, which is disposed below the inclined feeding plate and in the space above the settling box. The flow guide baffle is parallel to the bottom surface of the inclined feeding plate and maintains a distance, thereby forming an independent smoke and dust removal channel between the two.

3. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection unit includes a dust collection hopper and a rotary valve. The rotary valve is installed at the bottom of the dust collection hopper, and a drive motor is installed on the dust collection hopper corresponding to the rotary valve.

4. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter cartridge is a fireproof filter cartridge with a PTFE film coating on its surface. A gear and sprocket double assembly is provided on one side of the filter cartridge shaft. A drive sprocket is installed on the shaft of the star-shaped discharge valve. The drive sprocket and the sprocket of the double assembly are driven by a chain.

5. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reciprocating oscillating mechanism includes a driven gear, an eccentric cam, a transmission plate, an oscillating rod, and a scraper. The driven gear meshes with the gear of the double-linked assembly. The oscillating rod is rotatably mounted on one side of the filter cartridge. The scraper is fixedly mounted on the oscillating rod. The eccentric cam is mounted at the end of the oscillating rod, located above the driven gear. One end of the transmission plate is hinged to the cam end of the eccentric cam, and the other end of the transmission plate is hinged to the driven gear.

6. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The scraper includes a metal substrate and a conductive fiber brush. The conductive fiber brush is woven from a mixture of stainless steel fiber and carbon fiber. The conductive fiber brush is fixedly installed on the side of the metal substrate facing the filter cartridge. The metal substrate is electrically connected to a swing rod, and the swing rod is grounded through a wire. The conductive fiber brush contacts the surface of the filter cartridge during the reciprocating swing.

7. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom front end of the inclined feeding plate is provided with a particle drop hole.

8. A laser cutting machine with a high-efficiency dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spark catcher, which is installed on the pipe near one end of the upper smoke hood.

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