Adjustable rotary welding positioning device for guide pipes and shaft parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine manufacturing and welding tools, in particular to an adjustable and rotatable welding positioning device suitable for cylindrical parts such as guide pipes and shafts. Positioning is accurate and rapid, and rapid centering and fine adjustment of a workpiece are achieved through cooperation of a cross-shaped groove and a gasket; the universality is high, shaft pipe fittings of various specifications and materials can be adapted, and the copper gasket effectively protects the surface of the workpiece; the welding quality is high, a workpiece is driven to rotate at a constant speed through linkage, all-round uniform welding is achieved, and the welding seam consistency and the forming quality are remarkably improved; the operation efficiency is high, the clamping time is saved by 50% compared with that of a traditional mode, and an automatic welding unit can be expanded. In addition, the device is good in structural rigidity, high in safety and low in maintenance cost, is particularly suitable for various and small-batch high-quality welding scenes, and has remarkable practical value and popularization prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing and welding tooling technology, and in particular to an adjustable and rotatable welding positioning device suitable for cylindrical parts such as conduits and shafts. Background Technology

[0002] In aircraft manufacturing, shafts serve as crucial connecting and transmission components, playing a wide and vital role. However, due to various factors, shaft parts cannot be machined in a single step during manufacturing, often requiring welding for connection. Currently, the lack of effective positioning fixtures in the welding process of shaft parts leads to problems such as low concentricity and large welding deformation, resulting in substandard weld quality. Therefore, applying for a positioning platform capable of precisely controlling the concentricity of shafts during positioning and welding is of great significance for improving the welding efficiency and quality of shaft parts.

[0003] Existing positioning fixtures cannot meet the positioning accuracy requirements of shaft parts during positioning and the deformation control during welding. Furthermore, the operation methods are inconvenient, and welding cannot be performed in a one-time forming process. The positioning and welding problem can be solved by redesigning a welding positioning platform for shaft parts, thereby improving welding efficiency and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to provide a simple, easy-to-adjust, rotatable positioning device suitable for various specifications of conduits and shaft parts, enabling rapid workpiece clamping, precise positioning, and uniform rotation, thereby improving welding efficiency and quality.

[0005] This fixture is a modularly designed clamping and positioning device for guide tubes / shafts. Its core functionality utilizes a "cross-groove positioning system + rotary drive + clamping fixation" to achieve rapid clamping and full-circumference machining. The entire unit consists of a base platform (including the cross-groove), a linkage rod (rotation shaft), a circular pad (workpiece support), a top pressure device (vertical clamping), a square fixing device (lateral fixing), double-ended bolts (rigid fixing), and locking components. These modules work together to perform workpiece centering, clamping, and rotation functions, making it suitable for processes requiring full-circumference operation, such as welding.

[0006] (1) Base device structure: The main body is a rectangular modular base (base platform), which realizes the positioning reference and component installation function through surface orthogonal grooves, symmetrical holes and protrusion structure.

[0007] Geometric relationships and structural details:

[0008] Overall geometric parameters of the base: cuboid outline (length 300mm × width 200mm × height 50mm), perpendicularity error of each face ≤0.1mm, with R5mm chamfers at all four corners (for impact prevention). The surface is divided into "functional surfaces" and "mounting surfaces":

[0009] Functional surface (upper surface): A cross-shaped positioning groove is opened in the middle, which is formed by the orthogonal horizontal and vertical grooves. The horizontal groove is along the length direction (150mm long, 10mm wide, 5mm deep, with a bottom flatness of 0.05mm), and the vertical groove is along the width direction (100mm long, 10mm wide, 5mm deep). The intersection of the two grooves is the workpiece centering reference. The groove sidewall is provided with scale lines (1mm accuracy) for fine adjustment of the workpiece position.

[0010] Mounting surface (upper / lower surface): In addition to the groove, the upper surface is provided with 2 square threaded holes (M8 thread) for fixing devices and 2 double-ended bolt fixing holes (φ13mm through holes symmetrically distributed at the four corners).

[0011] Side and hole features: The front (long side) of the base has two base linkage bearing holes (φ40mm through holes, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the cross groove), and the bearing seats (structural steel material, 10mm thick) are embedded in the holes to ensure that the axis of the linkage rod is parallel to the base surface after installation (parallelism ≤0.1mm); the side groove (8mm wide, 3mm deep) is an auxiliary positioning groove, which slides with the square fixing device.

[0012] Modular layering: The base has a layered structure of "lower main body + upper plate" (the plate is 10mm thick and connected to the lower layer by M8 bolts). The upper plate integrates grooves and holes for easy replacement after wear, reflecting the modular design.

[0013] (2) Composition of linkage device: The main body consists of two parallel long cylindrical shafts (linkage rods) and multiple sets of disc-shaped parts (circular gaskets) sleeved on the shafts. Differentiated connection structures are provided at the shaft ends, and the whole is a symmetrical mechanical transmission unit.

[0014] Geometric characteristics of the linkage: The two shafts are equal-diameter optical shafts (diameter φ30±0.1mm, length L=250mm), with a parallelism error ≤0.05mm and an axis spacing D=120mm (suitable for double workpieces or wide workpieces). The shaft surfaces are ground (roughness Ra0.8), and the structures at both ends are asymmetrical.

[0015] Right end (drive end): It is a small cylindrical tail structure (diameter φ25mm, length 20mm), with a keyway (width 6mm, depth 3mm) at the end for connecting an external rotary drive source (such as a handwheel or motor).

[0016] Left end (support end): a large disc (50mm in diameter, 10mm thick), with a stepped hole (32mm in large diameter, 30mm in small diameter) in the center of the disc, which is connected to the inner ring of the base linkage bearing through a transition fit.

[0017] Assembly of the circular washers: Three sets of disc-shaped washers are fitted on each linkage rod, evenly distributed (spacing d=60mm). The washers have a diameter of φ80mm (tolerance +0.2 / 0mm) and a thickness of 10mm. The washers are interference-fitted with the shaft and can slide along the shaft to adjust their position.

[0018] Overall symmetry: The geometric parameters of the two linkage rods and the set of shims are completely consistent, and the axis is parallel to the surface of the base platform (1) (parallelism ≤ 0.1mm), forming a "dual-axis-multi-disc" symmetrical transmission system to ensure that the workpiece is subjected to balanced force when rotating.

[0019] (3) Composition of clamping device: The main body consists of an arched bearing beam, double-headed bolts and a square fixing device to achieve overall device fixation and workpiece clamping.

[0020] Arched load-bearing beam: A horizontal strip (200mm long, 30mm wide, and 15mm thick) is connected below the arched support (80mm high, 120mm wide, and 60mm radius of arc). The axis of the strip is parallel to the bottom edge of the arched support (parallelism ≤0.1mm), forming a "support-strip" load-bearing frame.

[0021] Double-ended bolts and fixing nuts: One double-ended bolt (total length 200mm, M12 thread at both ends, φ12mm diameter and 160mm length of the smooth shaft section) is installed at each end of the horizontal strip. The bolt axis is perpendicular to the axis of the strip (perpendicularity ≤0.1mm) and symmetrically distributed. A fixing nut (hexagonal nut, 18mm wide across sides) is screwed into the lower end of each bolt. When tightened, the entire device is pressed against the worktable through the strip.

[0022] Connection of the square fixing device: A square fixing device (L-shaped block, 100mm long × 50mm wide × 20mm thick) is fitted onto the lower end of the long bolt on the left side. A fixing pin hole is provided on one side of the block, which is aligned with the threaded hole of the square fixing device on the side of the base. The fixing pin is inserted to achieve initial positioning. A semi-circular head locking bolt is screwed into the M13 threaded hole on the other side of the block. After locking, a 3mm thick rubber pad is provided on the inner side of the block (the contact surface with the workpiece) to prevent the workpiece from being crushed.

[0023] The central hole of the arched bracket: The central hole (φ20mm) at the top of the arched bracket is a clearance hole for the shaft of the top pressure device to ensure that the pressure device (3) moves up and down without interference.

[0024] The tooling uses a dual-axis, multi-disc transmission geometry (parallel shafts, clearance-fit discs), a cross-orthogonal positioning geometry (groove intersection reference, symmetrical holes), and a symmetrical bolt-bracket fixing geometry (symmetrical distribution of double-headed bolts, lateral clamping of L-shaped blocks) to form a closed-loop structure of "positioning-clamping-rotation". The geometric relationships of each component (parallelism, perpendicularity, symmetry) are all controlled at the high-precision standard of mechanical tooling, meeting the clamping requirements for full-circumference welding of conduit / shaft parts.

[0025] According to one aspect of this application, an adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduits and shaft parts is provided, which consists of a bottom platform 1, a linkage device 2, and a clamping device 3.

[0026] The bottom platform 1 is provided with a horizontal groove 1-1 and a vertical groove 1-2. The horizontal groove 1-1 and the vertical groove 1-2 are perpendicular to each other and have a V-shaped cross section, which is used for the welding gap of the workpiece.

[0027] The upper surface of the bottom platform 1 is provided with two double-headed bolt fixing holes 1-3 and two square fixing device threaded holes 1-4;

[0028] The bottom platform 1 has two base linkage bearing holes 1-5 on the front, and the base linkage bearing holes 1-5 are embedded with bearing seats.

[0029] The linkage device 2 includes a circular gasket 2-1, a bearing 2-2, and a linkage rod 2-3;

[0030] The circular gasket 2-1 is provided in three sets, which are equally distributed and sleeved on the linkage rod 2-3. The circular gasket 2-1 and the linkage rod 2-3 are interference fit.

[0031] The linkage rod 2-3 is an optical axis of equal diameter with asymmetrical structure at both ends; the smaller diameter end is the driving end, which is a small cylindrical tail structure with a keyway at the end for connecting to an external rotational driving source; the larger diameter end is the support end, which is a large-sized disk with a stepped hole in the center of the disk, and is connected to the inner ring of bearing 2-2 through a transition fit.

[0032] The clamping device 3 includes an arched bearing beam 3-1, a double-headed bolt 3-2, a square fixing device 3-3, a fixing nut 3-4, a long bolt 3-5, a fixing pin 3-6, a semi-circular head locking bolt 3-7, and a central circular hole 3-8;

[0033] The arched load-bearing beam 3-1 is provided with a double-headed bolt 3-2 at each end, and a fixing nut 3-4 is used in conjunction with it.

[0034] The lower end of the long bolt 3-5 is fitted with a square fixing device 3-3. The square fixing device 3-3 has a fixing pin hole on one side, which is positioned by fixing pin 3-6 and aligned with the threaded hole 1-4 of the square fixing device. The position of the square fixing device 3-3 is fixed by semi-circular head locking bolt 3-7.

[0035] The top of the arched load-bearing beam 3-1 is provided with a central circular hole 3-8 as a clearance hole to ensure that the pressing device 3 moves up and down without interference.

[0036] The external rotary drive source is a manual crank, a motor, or a speed reducer.

[0037] The circular gasket 2-1 is made of copper to reduce damage caused by pressing on the workpiece.

[0038] The bottom of the base platform 1 is provided with multiple double-headed bolt fixing holes 1-3. The entire device can be quickly installed on the external workbench by using double-headed bolts 3-2 and fixing nuts 3-4.

[0039] The long bolt 3-5 is provided with multiple threaded holes of different heights to accommodate lateral support and clamping of workpieces of different diameters.

[0040] According to another aspect of this application, a method for rotary welding of conduits and shafts using the above-described adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduits and shafts is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1: Install the device at the welding station through the base fixing holes;

[0042] S2: Place the workpiece on the circular pad and adjust it to its welding center position along the cross groove;

[0043] S3: Operate the top pressure device to press the circular pad against the upper surface of the workpiece;

[0044] S4: Install and lock the lateral fixing module to provide lateral auxiliary fixation for the workpiece;

[0045] S5: Drives the linkage rod to rotate at a constant speed, while simultaneously welding the workpiece.

[0046] The linkage rod 2-3 is a hollow shaft with an internal channel for introducing protective gas.

[0047] The advantages of this application are:

[0048] This device adopts an integrated design of cross-groove positioning and top clamping rotation, achieving a breakthrough innovation in welding fixtures for conduits and shafts. Its core features include: precise and rapid positioning, achieving rapid workpiece centering and fine-tuning through the cooperation of the cross-groove and shims; strong versatility, adaptable to shafts and tubes of various specifications and materials, with copper shims effectively protecting the workpiece surface; high welding quality, achieving uniform welding around the circumference through linkage-driven uniform workpiece rotation, significantly improving weld consistency and forming quality; and high operating efficiency, saving 50% of clamping time compared to traditional methods, and can be expanded into an automated welding unit. Furthermore, this device boasts high structural rigidity, high safety, and low maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for various small-batch, high-quality welding scenarios, possessing significant practical value and promising prospects for widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduit and shaft parts.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom platform structure.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage device.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device.

[0053] Among them, 1 is the bottom platform, 2 is the linkage device, 3 is the clamping device, 1-1 is the horizontal groove, 1-2 is the vertical groove, 1-3 is the double-headed bolt fixing hole, 1-4 is the square fixing device threaded hole, 1-5 is the base linkage bearing hole, 2-1 is the circular gasket, 2-2 is the bearing, 2-3 is the linkage rod, 3-1 is the arched bearing beam, 3-2 is the double-headed bolt, 3-3 is the square fixing device, 3-4 is the fixing nut, 3-5 is the long rod bolt, 3-6 is the fixing pin, 3-7 is the semi-circular head locking bolt, and 3-8 is the middle circular hole. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] An adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduits and shaft parts, comprising a bottom platform 1, a linkage device 2, and a clamping device 3;

[0057] The bottom platform 1 is provided with a horizontal groove 1-1 and a vertical groove 1-2. The horizontal groove 1-1 and the vertical groove 1-2 are perpendicular to each other and have a V-shaped cross section, which is used for the welding gap of the workpiece.

[0058] The upper surface of the bottom platform 1 is provided with two double-headed bolt fixing holes 1-3 and two square fixing device threaded holes 1-4;

[0059] The bottom platform 1 has two base linkage bearing holes 1-5 on the front, and the base linkage bearing holes 1-5 are embedded with bearing seats.

[0060] The linkage device 2 includes a circular gasket 2-1, a bearing 2-2, and a linkage rod 2-3;

[0061] The circular gasket 2-1 is provided in three sets, which are equally distributed and sleeved on the linkage rod 2-3. The circular gasket 2-1 and the linkage rod 2-3 are interference fit.

[0062] The linkage rod 2-3 is an optical axis of equal diameter with asymmetrical structure at both ends; the smaller diameter end is the driving end, which is a small cylindrical tail structure with a keyway at the end for connecting to an external rotational driving source; the larger diameter end is the support end, which is a large-sized disk with a stepped hole in the center of the disk, and is connected to the inner ring of bearing 2-2 through a transition fit.

[0063] The clamping device 3 includes an arched bearing beam 3-1, a double-headed bolt 3-2, a square fixing device 3-3, a fixing nut 3-4, a long bolt 3-5, a fixing pin 3-6, a semi-circular head locking bolt 3-7, and a central circular hole 3-8;

[0064] The arched load-bearing beam 3-1 is provided with a double-headed bolt 3-2 at each end, and a fixing nut 3-4 is used in conjunction with it.

[0065] The lower end of the long bolt 3-5 is fitted with a square fixing device 3-3. The square fixing device 3-3 has a fixing pin hole on one side, which is positioned by fixing pin 3-6 and aligned with the threaded hole 1-4 of the square fixing device. The position of the square fixing device 3-3 is fixed by semi-circular head locking bolt 3-7.

[0066] The top of the arched load-bearing beam 3-1 is provided with a central circular hole 3-8 as a clearance hole to ensure that the pressing device 3 moves up and down without interference.

[0067] The external rotary drive source is a manual crank, a motor, or a speed reducer.

[0068] The circular gasket 2-1 is made of copper to reduce damage caused by pressing on the workpiece.

[0069] The bottom of the base platform 1 is provided with multiple double-headed bolt fixing holes 1-3. The entire device can be quickly installed on the external workbench by using double-headed bolts 3-2 and fixing nuts 3-4.

[0070] The long bolt 3-5 is provided with multiple threaded holes of different heights to accommodate lateral support and clamping of workpieces of different diameters.

[0071] The method for rotary welding of conduits and shafts using the aforementioned adjustable rotary welding positioning device includes the following steps:

[0072] S1: Install the device at the welding station through the base fixing holes;

[0073] S2: Place the workpiece on the circular pad and adjust it to its welding center position along the cross groove;

[0074] S3: Operate the top pressure device to press the circular pad against the upper surface of the workpiece;

[0075] S4: Install and lock the lateral fixing module to provide lateral auxiliary fixation for the workpiece;

[0076] S5: Drives the linkage rod to rotate at a constant speed, while simultaneously welding the workpiece.

[0077] The linkage rod 2-3 is a hollow shaft with an internal channel for introducing protective gas.

[0078] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduit and shaft parts, characterized in that, It consists of a bottom platform (1), a linkage device (2), and a clamping device (3); The bottom platform (1) is provided with a horizontal groove (1-1) and a vertical groove (1-2). The horizontal groove (1-1) and the vertical groove (1-2) are perpendicular to each other and have a V-shaped cross section, which is used for the welding gap of the workpiece. The bottom platform (1) has two double-headed bolt fixing holes (1-3) and two square fixing device threaded holes (1-4) on its upper surface. The bottom platform (1) has two base linkage bearing holes (1-5) on the front, and the base linkage bearing holes (1-5) are fitted with bearing seats. The linkage device (2) includes a circular gasket (2-1), a bearing (2-2), and a linkage rod (2-3). The circular gasket (2-1) is provided in three sets, which are equally distributed and sleeved on the linkage rod (2-3). The circular gasket (2-1) and the linkage rod (2-3) are interference fit. The linkage rod (2-3) is an equal-diameter optical axis with asymmetrical structures at both ends; the smaller diameter end is the driving end, which is a small cylindrical tail structure with a keyway at the end for connecting to an external rotational drive source; the larger diameter end is the support end, which is a large-sized disc with a stepped hole in the center of the disc, and is connected to the inner ring of the bearing (2-2) through a transition fit. The clamping device (3) includes an arched bearing beam (3-1), a double-headed bolt (3-2), a square fixing device (3-3), a fixing nut (3-4), a long bolt (3-5), a fixing pin (3-6), a semi-circular head locking bolt (3-7), and a central circular hole (3-8). The arched load-bearing beam (3-1) has a double-headed bolt (3-2) at each end, and a fixing nut (3-4) at each end. The lower end of the long bolt (3-5) is fitted with a square fixing device (3-3). The square fixing device (3-3) has a fixing pin hole on one side. It is positioned by fixing pin (3-6) and aligned with the threaded hole (1-4) of the square fixing device. The position of the square fixing device (3-3) is fixed by a semi-circular head locking bolt (3-7). The top of the arched bearing beam (3-1) is provided with a central circular hole (3-8) as a clearance hole to ensure that the pressing device (3) moves up and down without interference.

2. The adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduits and shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external rotary drive source is a manual crank, a motor, or a speed reducer.

3. The adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduits and shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circular gasket (2-1) is made of copper to reduce damage caused by pressing the workpiece.

4. The adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduits and shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the base platform (1) is provided with multiple double-headed bolt fixing holes (1-3). The entire device can be quickly installed on the external workbench by using double-headed bolts (3-2) and fixing nuts (3-4).

5. The adjustable rotary welding positioning device for conduits and shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long bolt (3-5) is provided with multiple threaded holes of different heights to accommodate lateral support and clamping of workpieces of different diameters.

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