Subway sleeper replacement equipment based on spike bolt anchoring

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rail transit maintenance equipment, and discloses subway sleeper replacement equipment based on spike bolt anchoring. The device comprises a first supporting seat, a second supporting seat, a first actuator seat, a linear actuator and a first supporting seat linking part, the first supporting seat comprises a first seat body and a first bottom plate; the second supporting seat comprises a second seat body and a second bottom plate; the first actuator seat is installed on the first supporting seat, the linear actuator is installed on the first actuator seat, and when the sleeper is drawn, the actuating end of the linear actuator can penetrate through the first seat body to act on the outer side of the rail web of the steel rail. The rail sleeper extracting device is anchored on a rail through the spike bolt connecting holes of the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat, the linear actuator acts on the outer side of a rail waist to extract the sleeper, and the rail sleeper extracting device has the advantages of efficiently and safely replacing the sleeper, adapting to narrow space and limited operation time of a subway tunnel, reducing manual labor intensity and safety risks and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit maintenance equipment, and more specifically, to a subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring. Background Technology

[0002] As the core network of urban public transportation, subway lines are generally entering major overhaul cycles as their service life increases. As a key load-bearing component of the track structure, sleepers are prone to cracking, decay in wooden sleepers, or wear on the rail bearing grooves of concrete sleepers under long-term dynamic train loads and complex environmental conditions. Timely replacement is essential to ensure track structure stability and train safety. However, carrying out sleeper replacement work inside subway tunnels faces multiple practical difficulties. The tunnel interior is extremely confined, with low clearance, and houses signaling systems, power lines, and other ancillary facilities, making it difficult for large track maintenance machinery to pass through and operate. Furthermore, the highly concentrated subway operations leave extremely limited maintenance windows, typically only 2 to 3 hours, requiring the replacement process to be highly efficient and rapid. Current methods rely entirely on manual labor, with workers using simple tools such as crowbars and jacks to remove and insert sleepers. This is extremely labor-intensive, requires multiple workers to coordinate, is inefficient, and carries safety risks such as tool slippage, accidental sleeper rollover or movement. It is also difficult to complete the scheduled replacement within the short maintenance windows, severely hindering maintenance progress and operational safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a compact, easy-to-operate, quickly assembled and disassembled, and adaptable miniaturized sleeper replacement device suitable for the special working conditions of subway tunnels.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring, which has the advantages of efficient and safe sleeper replacement, adaptability to the narrow space and limited working time of subway tunnels, and reduction of manual labor intensity and safety risks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring, comprising:

[0006] The first support base includes a first base body and a second base plate. The first base body is fixed above the first base plate, and the first base plate has a first spike bolt connection hole that matches the spike bolt.

[0007] The second support base includes a second base body and a second base plate. The second base body is fixed above the second base plate, and the second base plate has a second rail spike bolt connection hole that matches the rail spike bolt.

[0008] The first actuator seat is mounted on the first support seat.

[0009] A linear actuator is mounted on a first actuator seat. When the sleeper is removed, the actuator end of the linear actuator can pass through the first seat and act on the outside of the rail web.

[0010] The first support base connecting part has one end connected to the upper end of the first support base, and the other end connected to the upper end of the second support base.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes that the first support base connecting part is a rod-shaped structure, and one end of the first support base connecting part is detachably connected to the top of the first support base, and the other end of the first support base connecting part is detachably connected to the top of the second support base.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes that the first support connecting part includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting plate and a connecting pin. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged along the same axis. The connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the end of the second connecting rod near the first connecting rod. The connecting pin passes through the end of the first connecting rod near the second connecting rod and the connecting plate in sequence, so as to detachably connect the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod together.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention proposes that the linear actuator be one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, and an electric push rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes that the first actuator base includes a first upright plate and a first connecting base. The first upright plate is mounted on a first support base. The first upright plate has a first U-shaped groove for connecting the first connecting base. The first connecting base includes a first connecting base body and a first connecting pin disposed on the outside of the first connecting base body and cooperating with the first U-shaped groove. The linear actuator is fixedly mounted on the first connecting base body.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes that the subway sleeper replacement device based on rail spike bolt anchoring further includes a second actuator seat. The second actuator seat includes a second vertical plate and a second connecting seat. The bottom of the second vertical plate is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove corresponding to the rail head. The upper part of the second vertical plate is provided with a second U-shaped groove for connecting the second connecting seat. The second connecting seat includes a second connecting seat body and a second connecting pin shaft disposed on the outside of the second connecting seat body and cooperating with the second U-shaped groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes that the subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring further includes a second support connection part, the second support connection part including a second support connecting rod, a first push baffle and a second push baffle, one end of the second support connecting rod is connected to the top of the first support, the other end of the second support connecting rod extends to the side of the second support away from the first support, the upper end of the second support is connected to the lower side of the second support connecting rod body, the first push baffle is disposed on the end of the second support connecting rod away from the first support, and the second push baffle is disposed in the middle section of the second support connecting rod body.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes that the subway sleeper replacement equipment based on track spike bolt anchoring further includes a track trolley and a power unit. The power unit is mounted on the track trolley and is connected to the linear actuator to provide energy or power to the linear actuator.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention proposes that the linear actuator is a hydraulic cylinder, the power unit is a hydraulic station, and the hydraulic station is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipe.

[0019] As can be seen from the above, the subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] 1. Ingenious use of existing structure: This invention creatively utilizes the existing track spike bolts on the track as the fixed anchor points of the equipment, eliminating the need to find other supports or drill holes in the tunnel, thus achieving "non-destructive" installation of the equipment and simplifying the process.

[0021] 2. Compact structure and strong adaptability: The present invention adopts a modular design, with each component being small in size and light in weight, making it very suitable for transportation, assembly and operation in confined spaces such as subway tunnels.

[0022] 3. High efficiency, time and labor saving: This invention uses hydraulic transmission, which provides powerful pushing and pulling force, replacing heavy manual labor. The time for a single operation can be shortened from several hours to tens of minutes, making full use of short "windows of opportunity".

[0023] 4. Safe and highly controllable operation: The hydraulic action of this invention is smooth, avoiding the uncertainty and safety risks associated with manual prying. Operators can stay away from the point of force application, making it safer.

[0024] 5. Low cost and easy to promote: The main components of this invention are conventional hydraulic components and steel structures, which are low in manufacturing cost and easy to maintain, making it very suitable for large-scale application in the field of subway maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the subway sleeper replacement equipment based on track spike bolt anchoring during sleeper removal, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the subway sleeper replacement equipment based on track spike bolt anchoring during sleeper installation, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 10—First support seat; 11—First base body; 12—First base plate;

[0033] 20—Second support seat; 21—Second seat body; 22—Second base plate;

[0034] 30—First actuator seat; 31—First vertical plate; 32—First connecting seat;

[0035] 32-1—First connecting seat body; 32-2—First connecting pin; 33—First U-shaped groove;

[0036] 40—Linear actuator;

[0037] 50—First support base connecting part; 51—First connecting rod; 52—Second connecting rod; 53—Connecting plate; 54—Connecting pin;

[0038] 60—Second actuator seat; 61—Second vertical plate; 62—Second connecting seat;

[0039] 62-1—Second connecting seat body; 62-2—Second connecting pin; 63—Snap-fit ​​groove;

[0040] 64—Second U-shaped groove;

[0041] 70—Second support connecting part; 71—Second support connecting rod;

[0042] 72—First push plate; 73—Second push plate;

[0043] 80—Trolley; 81—Power unit. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. The components of this invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0045] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] Traditional subway line overhauls face severe challenges. The confined space and limited clearance within tunnels make it difficult for large track maintenance machinery to enter. Furthermore, subway operating windows are short, typically only 2-3 hours. Current sleeper replacement work relies primarily on manual labor, using simple tools such as crowbars and jacks for extraction and insertion. This method is labor-intensive, inefficient, and poses safety hazards such as tool slippage and sleeper rollover, making it difficult to complete efficient work within the limited operating windows.

[0047] To address this issue, the present invention proposes a subway sleeper replacement device based on rail spike bolt anchoring. This device utilizes a first support base 10 and a second support base 20, both comprising a base body and a base plate. The base plate has connection holes that match the rail spike bolts, thus enabling the device to be securely anchored to the sleeper. The device also includes a first actuator base 30 mounted on the first support base 10 and a linear actuator 40 mounted on the first actuator base 30. The actuating end of the linear actuator 40 can pass through the first base body 11 and act on the outer side of the rail web, directly applying thrust to remove the sleeper. Furthermore, a first support base connecting part 50 connects the first support base 10 and the second support base 20, forming a stable integrated structure, effectively solving many drawbacks of traditional manual operations.

[0048] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment:

[0049] First support 10 and second support 20: These supports form the main structure of the equipment, using the inherent spike bolt holes on the sleepers as anchor points to connect the equipment to the sleepers. They are anchored to the sleepers by engaging with spike bolts through connecting holes on the base plate. First seat body 11 and second seat body 21 are the upper structures of the supports, used to support other components. First base plate 12 and second base plate 22 are the lower structures of the supports, directly contacting the sleepers and providing anchor points.

[0050] First and second bolt connection holes: These connection holes are respectively formed on the first base plate 12 and the second base plate 22, and their size and shape are designed to match the bolts used in subway tracks. The bolts pass through these connection holes, firmly fixing the support to the sleeper and providing a stable working foundation for the equipment. The first and second bolt connection holes can be designed as strip holes according to actual needs to facilitate adjustment of the connection position between the support and the sleeper.

[0051] First actuator seat 30: This component is used to mount the linear actuator 40 and position it on the first support seat 10. Its structural design ensures that the linear actuator 40 can accurately apply thrust to the outer side of the rail web.

[0052] Linear Actuator 40: This component is the core power output unit of the equipment, responsible for generating linear thrust. During sleeper extraction, its actuator extends out and acts on the outside of the rail web, indirectly driving the sleeper to move by pushing the rail, thereby realizing the extraction of the sleeper.

[0053] First support seat link 50: This component connects the first support seat 10 and the second support seat 20, forming a single integrated structure from the two independent support seats. Simultaneously, the first support seat link 50 is located above the rail. This connection method enhances the overall stability and rigidity of the equipment, ensuring that the equipment can withstand reaction forces without displacement or deformation when the linear actuator 40 is operating; the first support seat link 50 slides outward along the upper tread of the rail, causing the sleeper below to slide along with it.

[0054] This embodiment provides a subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring. The device mainly consists of a first support base 10, a second support base 20, a first actuator base 30, a linear actuator 40, and a first support base connecting part 50.

[0055] Specifically, the first support base 10 is configured as one of the support units of the equipment. The first support base 10 can consist of a first base body 11 and a first base plate 12, wherein the first base body 11 is fixed above the first base plate 12. The first base plate 12 has a first rail spike bolt connection hole, the size and shape of which are designed to match the rail spike bolts used on site. In actual operation, the rail spike bolt can pass through the first rail spike bolt connection hole, thereby firmly anchoring the first support base 10 to the sleeper. Alternatively, the first base body 11 and the first base plate 12 can be made of welded steel plates, which is simple and convenient to manufacture. The first rail spike bolt connection hole can be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, or a slotted hole to accommodate different types of rail spike bolts or to provide a certain adjustment margin.

[0056] Similarly, the second support 20 is configured as another support unit of the equipment. The second support 20 can consist of a second base body 21 and a second base plate 22, wherein the second base body 21 is fixed above the second base plate 22. The second base plate 22 has a second rail spike bolt connection hole, which is also designed to match the rail spike bolt. The second support 20 is also anchored to the sleeper by the rail spike bolt passing through the second rail spike bolt connection hole. The fixing method of the second base body 21 and the second base plate 22, as well as the shape of the second rail spike bolt connection hole, can be similar to the corresponding components of the first support 10.

[0057] The first actuator base 30 is mounted on the first support base 10. The first actuator base 30 can be fixedly connected to the first support base 10 by bolts or clips. Its main function is to provide a stable mounting platform and precise positioning for the linear actuator 40.

[0058] A linear actuator 40 is mounted on a first actuator base 30. The linear actuator 40 is a device capable of generating linear motion and thrust. When performing sleeper removal operations, the actuating end of the linear actuator 40 is designed to pass through the internal space or reserved channel of the first base 11 and act on the outer side of the rail web. Through the telescopic movement of the linear actuator 40, thrust can be applied to the rail, thereby driving the sleeper connected to the rail to move horizontally, achieving sleeper removal. The linear actuator 40 can be a mechanical push rod, a screw jack, or a rack and pinion mechanism, etc., driven by an external power source.

[0059] The first support base connecting part 50 is used to connect the first support base 10 and the second support base 20. One end of the first support base connecting part 50 is connected to the upper end of the first support base 10, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the second support base 20. This connection method allows the two independent support bases to form a whole, enhancing the overall rigidity and stability of the equipment. For example, the first support base connecting part 50 can be a fixed-length connecting beam, connecting plate, or a frame structure composed of multiple connecting parts, fixing the two support bases together through a detachable connection. This connection ensures that when the linear actuator 40 applies thrust, the two support bases can work together to jointly bear the reaction force, preventing the equipment from overturning or shifting during operation.

[0060] The subway sleeper replacement equipment based on rail spike bolt anchoring in this embodiment achieves efficient and safe removal of sleepers within the confined space of subway tunnels by firmly anchoring the equipment to the sleeper and using a linear actuator to directly act on the rail web. This equipment effectively avoids the drawbacks of traditional manual operations, such as high labor intensity, low efficiency, and high safety risks, significantly improving the mechanization level and efficiency of sleeper replacement operations while ensuring the safety of construction personnel.

[0061] This embodiment further proposes that the first support base connecting part 50 is a rod-shaped structure, and one end of the first support base connecting part 50 is detachably connected to the top of the first support base 10, and the other end of the first support base connecting part 50 is detachably connected to the top of the second support base 20.

[0062] Specifically, the first support connection 50 is designed as a rod-like structure. A rod-like structure refers to a slender member with a certain length and relatively small cross-section, characterized by its compact structure and small space occupation. This rod-like structure can be implemented using various materials and forms. For example, it can be a solid round or square rod made of high-strength steel to provide sufficient rigidity and load-bearing capacity; or it can be a hollow tubular structure made of lightweight alloys or composite materials (such as aluminum alloys or carbon fiber composites) to reduce overall weight while ensuring strength. Furthermore, this rod-like structure can also be designed to be telescopic or foldable to further optimize its space occupation during transportation and storage.

[0063] Meanwhile, one end of the first support base connecting part 50 is detachably connected to the top of the first support base 10. A detachable connection refers to a connection method that allows for easy disassembly and reassembly without damaging the connecting or connected parts. This connection method can be implemented in various ways. For example, the first support base connecting part 50 can be fixed to the top of the first support base 10 using a bolt and nut assembly, and disassembly can be performed simply by loosening the bolts; alternatively, a pin connection can be used, where connection or separation is achieved by inserting or pulling out a pin; or, a quick-release or pin-type connection mechanism can be designed to enable faster installation and disassembly operations.

[0064] Similarly, the other end of the first support base connecting part 50 is also detachably connected to the top of the second support base 20. This can be achieved through the same bolt connection, pin connection, or quick-clamp connection as when connecting to the first support base 10, ensuring that the connection methods at both ends are consistent or complementary, thereby simplifying the operation process.

[0065] Through the above technical solution, the first support base connecting part 50 is designed as a rod-shaped structure, and both ends of it are detachably connected to the top of the first support base 10 and the second support base 20. This invention effectively solves the problems of bulky equipment structure and difficult disassembly and assembly caused by existing fixed connection methods. The rod-shaped structure itself is compact and lightweight, which helps to reduce the overall size and weight of the equipment, making it easier to transport and operate in narrow spaces such as subway tunnels. At the same time, the detachable connection design allows the equipment to be quickly and conveniently disassembled and reassembled when the rail removal and rail installation processes need to be changed. For example, only a few parts need to be replaced or simple disassembly and assembly operations can be performed to realize the conversion of equipment functions, thereby significantly saving on-site operation time and improving the operation efficiency within limited "maintenance windows". In addition, this modular detachable design also reduces the difficulty of transporting the equipment and the storage space requirements, and reduces the safety risks that may arise from the overall transport of the equipment, improving the flexibility and safety of operations.

[0066] This embodiment further proposes that the first support connecting part 50 includes a first connecting rod 51, a second connecting rod 52, a connecting plate 53, and a connecting pin 54. The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are arranged along the same axis. The connecting plate 53 is fixedly arranged on the end of the second connecting rod 52 near the first connecting rod 51. The connecting pin 54 is sequentially inserted through the end of the first connecting rod 51 near the second connecting rod 52 and the connecting plate 53, so as to detachably connect the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 together.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first support connecting part 50 is designed as a multi-segment structure for easy disassembly, assembly, and transportation. Specifically, the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are the rods constituting the main structure of the first support connecting part 50. Their main function is to provide sufficient length and rigidity to establish a stable connection between the first support 10 and the second support 20. These rods can be made of various materials and cross-sectional shapes. For example, solid or hollow rods made of high-strength steel, aluminum alloy profiles, or composite materials can be selected, and their cross-sections can be circular, square, or rectangular to meet different load-bearing requirements and space constraints. The connecting plate 53 serves as the connection interface between the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52. It is usually a metal plate, such as a steel plate, and is fixed to the end of the second connecting rod 52 by welding. It is designed with a structure that matches the end of the first connecting rod 51 to ensure the stability and alignment of the connection. The connecting pin 54 is a key component for realizing the detachable connection between the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52. It is usually made of high-strength metal, and its diameter and length are precisely matched with the mating hole diameters on the first connecting rod 51 and the connecting plate 53. The connecting pin 54 can take various forms, such as a quick-release pin with a spring clip, a threaded pin with a nut, or a pin with a quick-release mechanism, to facilitate quick insertion and removal and reliable fixation by the operator.

[0068] The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are arranged along the same axis to ensure that the two rods maintain precise straight alignment when connected, thereby avoiding structural instability or loosening of the connection due to eccentric force. This alignment can be achieved by using upper and lower connecting plates 53 for alignment and mating; or by machining high-precision mating holes on the end of the first connecting rod 51 and the connecting plate 53, and achieving precise axial alignment through the insertion of a connecting pin 54. The connecting plate 53 is fixedly mounted on the end of the second connecting rod 52 near the first connecting rod 51, defining the installation position of the connecting plate 53 as the end connection interface of the second connecting rod 52. The connecting plate 53 can be welded to the end of the second connecting rod 52 to form a single unit. The connecting pin 54 is sequentially inserted through the end of the first connecting rod 51 near the second connecting rod 52 and the connecting plate 53, describing the specific insertion path of the connecting pin 54, which is the operational step for connecting the two rods. The connecting pin 54 passes through the hole at the end of the first connecting rod 51 and the corresponding hole on the connecting plate 53, reliably fixing the two together. To ensure reliable connection, the connecting pin 54 is typically fitted with a locking mechanism, such as a cotter pin, spring pin, threaded fastener, or quick-release mechanism, to prevent accidental detachment during use. The detachable connection of the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 emphasizes the detachability of this connection method, which is crucial for equipment transportation and on-site assembly. A detachable connection means that connection and separation can be easily performed without damaging components. In addition to the aforementioned method of connecting pin 54 with a locking mechanism, threaded connections (e.g., sleeve connections with external threads on one end and internal threads on the other), snap-fit ​​connections, or wedge connections can also be used to meet the needs of rapid assembly and disassembly.

[0069] Through the above technical solution, the present invention designs the first support connecting part 50 as a detachable two-section structure, namely the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52, and achieves precise alignment and quick fixation through the connecting plate 53 and the connecting pin 54. When the equipment needs to be transported or stored, the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 can be easily separated, thereby significantly reducing the overall length of the first support connecting part 50, greatly facilitating the carrying, transportation and storage of the equipment in confined spaces, especially suitable for the space-constrained working conditions in subway tunnels. When the equipment needs to be put into use, the operator only needs to quickly connect the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 through the connecting pin 54 to form a stable whole. The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are arranged along the same axis, ensuring precise alignment of the connection, effectively avoiding eccentric force, thereby enhancing the overall rigidity and stability of the first support connecting part 50, effectively preventing loosening of the connection, and solving the problem that traditional detachable connection structures may not be strong enough. The connecting plate 53 provides a stable connection point, which, together with the connecting pin 54, enables quick and detachable connection, simplifying the connection and separation process, reducing operation time, and improving the ease of operation of the equipment in confined spaces. This modular design also allows the length or configuration of the connecting rod to be adjusted according to actual needs under different working conditions, improving the versatility and adaptability of the equipment. The quick and stable connection method reduces the complexity and time of manual operation, reduces labor intensity, and avoids safety risks that may be caused by unstable connections, thereby improving work efficiency and safety.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, a linear actuator is proposed to apply force to the outside of the rail web by passing through the first seat body when the sleeper is being pulled out. However, in its implementation, the type of linear actuator is not specifically limited, which may lead to low operating efficiency, insufficient reliability or safety hazards in the narrow subway tunnel environment due to improper actuator selection. For example, the actuator may be too large to adapt to low clearance, the response speed may be slow and affect the completion of the operation within the maintenance window, or the power may be unstable and increase the risk of tool slippage.

[0071] In this embodiment, it is further proposed that the linear actuator 40 is one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, and an electric push rod.

[0072] Specifically, the linear actuator 40 is a device that converts input energy into linear motion. Its core function is to provide pushing or pulling force to achieve the extraction or insertion of sleepers. In the space-constrained and time-pressured environment of subway tunnels, the selection of linear actuators directly affects the equipment's operational efficiency, stability, and safety. Among them, the hydraulic cylinder, as a hydraulic actuator, drives a piston to perform linear reciprocating motion through the pressure of hydraulic oil. Its characteristics include providing strong output force, smooth motion, and high rigidity. In sleeper replacement operations, the hydraulic cylinder can provide stable and sufficient thrust, ensuring efficient and reliable extraction or insertion of sleepers in confined spaces. The pneumatic cylinder, as a pneumatic actuator, drives a piston to perform linear reciprocating motion through the pressure of compressed air. Its characteristics include relatively simple structure, fast response speed, and ease of rapid start-stop and control. In sleeper replacement equipment, the pneumatic cylinder can achieve rapid action response, helping to shorten the single operation cycle time, thereby improving overall replacement efficiency and meeting the short time requirements of subway "maintenance windows." The electric push rod is a device that converts the rotational motion of an electric motor into linear reciprocating motion through a transmission mechanism. Its features include high control precision, accurate positioning, and ease of automation and remote operation. In sleeper replacement equipment, the electric actuator can provide precise push-pull force control, reduce operational errors, improve operational safety, and can be finely adjusted according to actual needs.

[0073] By specifically defining the linear actuator 40 as one of a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric push rod, this invention effectively solves the problems of low operating efficiency, insufficient reliability, and safety hazards caused by improper actuator selection in narrow subway tunnel environments. Specifically, hydraulic cylinders can provide strong pushing and pulling forces, ensuring the stability and reliability of the sleeper removal process and effectively avoiding the risk of tool slippage due to insufficient power; pneumatic cylinders, with their rapid response characteristics, significantly improve the operating efficiency of the equipment within the limited "maintenance window" time; while electric push rods provide high-precision control capabilities, ensuring the accuracy and safety of sleeper replacement operations. These specific types of linear actuators are all characterized by compact structure, stable power output, and rapid response, enabling them to adapt well to the harsh working conditions of low clearance and short maintenance windows in subway tunnels, thereby ensuring that the equipment can apply the required force efficiently and safely when replacing sleepers, improving the reliability and adaptability of the overall replacement process.

[0074] The present invention further proposes that the first actuator base 30 includes a first upright plate 31 and a first connecting base 32. The first upright plate 31 is mounted on the first support base 10. The first upright plate 31 has a first U-shaped groove 33 for connecting the first connecting base 32. The first connecting base 32 includes a first connecting base body 32-1 and a first connecting pin 32-2 disposed on the outside of the first connecting base body 32-1 and cooperating with the first U-shaped groove 33. The linear actuator 40 is fixedly mounted on the first connecting base body 32-1.

[0075] Specifically, the first actuator base 30, serving as the mounting carrier for the linear actuator 40, is designed with two separable parts: a first upright plate 31 and a first connecting seat 32. This split design aims to improve the modularity and operability of the equipment. For example, the first upright plate 31 can be a metal plate perpendicular to the surface of the first support base 10, and the first connecting seat 32 can be a bracket with mounting holes; alternatively, the first upright plate 31 can be a gate-shaped structure, and the first connecting seat 32 can be a tubular structure, with the two connected by machining.

[0076] The first upright plate 31 is the fixed part of the first actuator base 30. It is installed on the first support base 10 and provides a stable foundation support for the entire actuator installation structure. For example, the first upright plate 31 can be fixed to the first base plate 12 of the first support base 10 by means of bolts, rivets or welding.

[0077] The first U-shaped groove 33 on the first upright plate 31 is a structural feature for connecting with the first connecting seat 32. The design of the U-shaped groove allows the first connecting seat 32 to be adjusted within a certain range and facilitates quick assembly and disassembly. For example, the first U-shaped groove 33 can be an upward-opening U-shaped cut, the width of which matches the diameter of the first connecting pin 32-2.

[0078] The first connecting seat 32 is a direct mounting component of the linear actuator 40. It includes a main structure for mounting the linear actuator 40 (first connecting seat body 32-1) and a pin for connecting to the first vertical plate 31 (first connecting pin 32-2). The engagement of the first connecting pin 32-2 with the first U-shaped groove 33 is key to achieving detachable connection and position adjustment. For example, the first connecting seat body 32-1 can be a cylindrical structure, and the first connecting pin 32-2 can be fixed to both sides of the first connecting seat body 32-1 by welding or threaded connection.

[0079] The linear actuator 40 is the core component that provides push and pull force. It is securely mounted on the first connecting seat body 32-1 to ensure that the thrust can be transmitted stably and accurately during operation. For example, the linear actuator 40 can be fixed to the reserved mounting holes or mounting surface of the first connecting seat body 32-1 by means of bolts, clamps or clamps; or, the linear actuator 40 and the first connecting seat body 32-1 can be fitted with a dovetail joint and fixed by locking screws to achieve quick installation and disassembly.

[0080] Through the above technical solution, the first actuator base 30 is designed as a separate structure of the first upright plate 31 and the first connecting base 32, realizing modular installation and facilitating assembly and maintenance in confined spaces. The first upright plate 31 is firmly installed on the first support base 10, providing a solid foundation for the linear actuator 40 and effectively preventing shaking during operation, thus solving the problem of unstable installation. The first U-shaped groove 33 on the first upright plate 31 engages with the first connecting pin 32-2 on the first connecting seat 32. This pin-to-U-shaped groove connection not only allows the first connecting seat 32 to be adjusted within a certain range to adapt to different sleeper replacement needs, but also greatly simplifies the installation and disassembly process of the first connecting seat 32 (along with the linear actuator 40). Specifically, operators can quickly insert or remove the first connecting pin 32-2 into or out of the first U-shaped groove 33 to achieve rapid positioning, adjustment, or replacement of the linear actuator 40, significantly reducing downtime. The linear actuator 40 is directly fixedly installed on the first connecting seat body 32-1, ensuring reliable thrust transmission and avoiding safety hazards caused by loosening. Overall, the synergistic effect of the above structures makes the installation of the linear actuator 40 more stable, the position adjustment more convenient, and the disassembly faster, thereby significantly improving the operating efficiency and safety of the equipment in narrow working conditions such as subway tunnels, and effectively solving the problems of unstable installation, inconvenient adjustment, and difficult disassembly in traditional installation methods.

[0081] This embodiment further proposes that the subway sleeper replacement device based on rail spike bolt anchoring also includes a second actuator seat 60. The second actuator seat 60 includes a second upright plate 61 and a second connecting seat 62. The bottom of the second upright plate 61 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 63 corresponding to the rail head. The upper part of the second upright plate 61 is provided with a second U-shaped groove 64 for connecting the second connecting seat 62. The second connecting seat 62 includes a second connecting seat body 62-1 and a second connecting pin 62-2 disposed on the outside of the second connecting seat body 62-1 and cooperating with the second U-shaped groove 64.

[0082] Specifically, the second actuator base 60, as an important component of this equipment, primarily functions to provide an installation foundation for the linear actuator 40 when it is inserted into the sleeper. It can be a single-piece cast or welded structure, typically made of high-strength metal to withstand the thrust or tension generated during operation. The second vertical plate 61 is the main structure of the second actuator base 60, its main function being to provide vertical support and a connection interface. This vertical plate is usually made of thick plate material, possessing sufficient rigidity and strength to ensure the stability of the equipment during operation. It can be a rectangular plate, an irregularly shaped plate, or other structural forms. The snap-fit ​​groove 63 is a key structure located at the bottom of the second vertical plate 61, its shape and size matching the profile of the rail head. This snap-fit ​​groove 63 can tightly engage with the rail head, thereby achieving a quick and reliable connection between the equipment and the rail, effectively preventing slippage or displacement of the equipment during operation. The second U-shaped groove 64 is a connecting structure located on the upper part of the second vertical plate 61, its main function being to cooperate with the second connecting seat 62 to achieve quick installation and disassembly of the second connecting seat 62. The opening direction of the U-shaped groove 64 can be upward. The second connecting seat 62 is a component for connecting with the second vertical plate 61, and its main function is to serve as a base for further installation of other functional components (e.g., actuators for pushing and pulling sleepers). The second connecting seat 62 can be designed with multiple mounting interfaces to accommodate the connection requirements of different types of actuators. The second connecting seat body 62-1 is the main part of the second connecting seat 62, and its structure is robust enough to withstand the loads generated by the components installed on it. It can be a block-shaped, plate-shaped, or frame-shaped structure, depending on the functional components it supports and space constraints. The second connecting pin 62-2 is a connecting member located on the outside of the second connecting seat body 62-1. It cooperates with the second U-shaped groove 64 on the second vertical plate 61. Through the insertion and fixing of the pin, a detachable connection between the second connecting seat 62 and the second vertical plate 61 is achieved. This pin can be in the form of a cylindrical pin, a tapered pin, or a threaded pin to ensure the firmness of the connection and the convenience of operation.

[0083] By introducing the second actuator seat 60, this equipment achieves more reliable fixation and support during sleeper replacement operations, especially during sleeper insertion or when stable rail support is required. The locking groove 63 at the bottom of the second vertical plate 61 engages tightly with the rail head, effectively preventing slippage or displacement that may occur during hydraulic operation, significantly improving operational stability and safety. Simultaneously, the second U-shaped groove 64 on the upper part of the second vertical plate 61 cooperates with the second connecting pin 62-2 of the second connecting seat 62, enabling quick and detachable installation of the second connecting seat 62. This greatly facilitates the assembly, adjustment, and disassembly of the equipment within limited maintenance windows, improving operational efficiency. Overall, this technical solution effectively solves the problem of operational instability and safety risks caused by the lack of effective fixation in the rail head area by providing a stable and easy-to-operate rail head fixing point, making sleeper replacement operations more efficient, safe, and reliable.

[0084] This embodiment further proposes that the above-mentioned subway sleeper replacement equipment based on track spike bolt anchoring also includes a second support connection part 70. The second support connection part 70 includes a second support connecting rod 71, a first push baffle 72, and a second push baffle 73. One end of the second support connecting rod 71 is connected to the top of the first support seat 10, and the other end of the second support connecting rod 71 extends to the side of the second support seat 20 away from the first support seat 10. The upper end of the second support seat 20 is connected to the lower side of the body of the second support connecting rod 71. The first push baffle 72 is disposed on the end of the second support connecting rod 71 away from the first support seat 10, and the second push baffle 73 is disposed in the middle section of the body of the second support connecting rod 71.

[0085] Specifically, the second support connection 70 serves as an auxiliary support and connection structure, its main function being to enhance the overall rigidity and stability of the equipment, especially during sleeper installation, effectively resisting potential displacement or swaying. This connection can adopt various structural forms; for example, it can be an integral frame welded from high-strength steel, or a modular structure composed of multiple detachable parts, to adapt to different operating environments and transportation needs.

[0086] The second support connecting rod 71 is the core load-bearing component of the second support connection part 70, designed to provide sufficient bending and torsional stiffness. This connecting rod 71 can be made of solid round rod, square tube, rectangular tube, or I-beam profiles, and the material can be alloy steel, high-strength carbon steel, or lightweight high-strength composite materials to ensure it does not deform under jacking force. One end is firmly connected to the top of the first support 10, and the other end extends to the side of the second support 20 away from the first support 10, forming a spanning connection. During the installation process, the second support connecting rod 71 can support the upper tread surface of the rail.

[0087] The first jacking baffle 72 is a structural component located on the end of the second support connecting rod 71 away from the first support base 10. Its function is to serve as the initial or main force-bearing point when jacking the sleeper. The baffle 72 can be a flat plate, a plate-like structure with anti-slip teeth, or a contact surface with a specific curvature to adapt to the shape of the sleeper. Its fixing method can be welding, bolting, or detachable connection via pins to facilitate replacement or adjustment.

[0088] The second jacking baffle 73 is another structural component located in the middle section of the second support connecting rod 71. Its function is to provide auxiliary support or serve as a secondary jacking point under specific working conditions. The baffle 73 can be designed to slide along the axial direction of the connecting rod 71 and be fixed in the required position by a locking mechanism (such as bolts, pins, or quick clamps), thereby achieving adaptability to sleepers of different lengths or providing a more flexible support point during step-by-step jacking.

[0089] Through the above technical solution, the second support connecting part 70, as an integrated component, further connects the first support 10 and the second support 20 through the second support connecting rod 71, forming a more stable bridging structure. This structure significantly increases the overall rigidity of the equipment and effectively prevents the equipment from shaking or displacing when the linear actuator 40 acts on the sleeper for pushing or pulling. One end of the second support connecting rod 71 is fixed to the top of the first support 10, and the other end extends to the side of the second support 20 away from the first support 10, ensuring that the connection range covers the entire length of the equipment, thereby providing a uniform force distribution and avoiding local stress concentration. The connection between the upper end of the second support 20 and the lower side of the connecting rod 71 further strengthens the anchoring effect of the second support 20, making it more stable when subjected to thrust. The first pushing baffle 72 is located at the far end of the connecting rod 71, serving as the starting fulcrum for the pushing operation, facilitating the application of initial force and effectively preventing the equipment from slipping during the pushing process. Meanwhile, the second push plate 73, located in the middle section of the rod, serves as an auxiliary fulcrum, allowing for phased application of force during the replacement process, or providing multi-point support during sleeper extraction or insertion, thereby improving operational precision and efficiency. Therefore, the equipment of this invention provides greater stability and operational safety when performing sleeper replacement operations in the confined space of a subway tunnel, effectively reducing the labor intensity and safety risks of manual operation, and ensuring the efficient and safe completion of the sleeper replacement task within the short "maintenance window."

[0090] This embodiment further proposes that the subway sleeper replacement equipment based on track spike bolt anchoring also includes a track trolley 80 and a power unit 81. The power unit 81 is mounted on the track trolley 80 and is connected to the linear actuator 40 to provide energy or power to the linear actuator 40.

[0091] Specifically, the railcar 80 is a vehicle capable of moving on a track, typically comprising a frame, wheelsets, and a platform for carrying equipment or personnel. Its implementation can be, but is not limited to: one is a manually pushed railcar, moving on the track by manual pushing and pulling; the other is a self-propelled railcar, equipped with a drive unit such as a motor or engine, capable of autonomously moving on the track. The introduction of the railcar 80 aims to provide a convenient mobile platform for sleeper replacement equipment, enabling it to be quickly located and moved in the narrow environment of subway tunnels, thereby improving operational efficiency.

[0092] The power unit 81 is a unit that provides energy or power to the equipment. Its implementation can be, but is not limited to: one is a hydraulic station, which uses a motor to drive a hydraulic pump to generate high-pressure hydraulic oil to power the hydraulic actuator; another is a pneumatic compressor, which uses a motor to drive an air compressor to generate compressed air to power the pneumatic actuator; or, alternatively, it can be a battery pack or generator set to provide electrical energy to the electric actuator. The purpose of the power unit 81 is to provide an independent and reliable energy supply for the sleeper replacement equipment, eliminating dependence on external power sources and enhancing the operational flexibility of the equipment.

[0093] The power unit 81 is mounted on the track trolley 80, signifying the integrated operation of the power source and the mobile platform. This integration can be achieved by directly fixing the power unit 81 to the frame or platform of the track trolley 80, or by installing it through a shock-absorbing structure. This configuration gives the entire equipment system a high degree of integration and compactness, facilitating overall transportation, deployment, and operation. It effectively saves valuable space within the tunnel and avoids problems such as tangled or damaged connecting cables or pipes that would result from separating the power source from the operating equipment.

[0094] The power unit 81 is connected to the linear actuator 40 to efficiently transmit the energy or power generated by the power unit 81 to the linear actuator 40 to drive it in the sleeper extraction operation. The specific connection method depends on the type of linear actuator 40: if the linear actuator 40 is a hydraulic cylinder, it is connected to a hydraulic station via a high-pressure oil pipe; if the linear actuator 40 is a pneumatic cylinder, it is connected to a pneumatic compressor via an air pipe; if the linear actuator 40 is an electric actuator, it is connected to a battery pack or generator set via a cable. This connection ensures that the linear actuator 40 receives stable and sufficient power to complete the predetermined task.

[0095] The power unit 81 is used to provide energy or power to the linear actuator 40, meaning its core function is to ensure the normal operation of the linear actuator 40. The provided energy or power can be hydraulic, pneumatic, or electrical. For example, a hydraulic station provides high-pressure hydraulic oil to drive the cylinder and generate thrust; a pneumatic compressor provides compressed air to drive the cylinder and generate thrust; a battery pack or generator set provides electrical power to drive the electric push rod in linear motion. This function ensures that the sleeper replacement equipment can independently and efficiently complete the sleeper extraction and insertion operations even without an external energy supply.

[0096] Through the above technical solution, this invention further integrates a track trolley 80 and a power unit 81 into the existing subway sleeper replacement equipment based on bolt anchoring. Specifically, the power unit 81 is mounted on the track trolley 80, making the entire sleeper replacement equipment a single unit with independent mobility and an independent power source. When sleeper replacement is required, operators can use the track trolley 80 to quickly and conveniently move the equipment to the target sleeper location on the track, eliminating the need for extensive manpower for handling and positioning, significantly improving the equipment's mobility and deployment efficiency. Simultaneously, the power unit 81 provides a stable and reliable energy source or power to the linear actuator 40, ensuring that the linear actuator 40 can work continuously and efficiently during sleeper extraction or insertion, avoiding work interruptions or inefficiencies due to a lack of external power. This integrated design not only effectively solves the problems of inconvenient fixed-position operation, lack of mobility and independent power source caused by the small space and short maintenance window in subway tunnels, but also significantly reduces the intensity of manual labor, improves the automation level and overall efficiency of sleeper replacement operations, and enables the equipment to complete more tasks within the limited maintenance window time, ensuring the normal operation of the subway line.

[0097] This embodiment further proposes that the linear actuator 40 is a hydraulic cylinder, the power unit 81 is a hydraulic station, and the hydraulic station is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipe.

[0098] Specifically, the linear actuator 40 is defined as a hydraulic cylinder. A hydraulic cylinder is a mechanical actuator that converts hydraulic energy into linear reciprocating motion. It uses the pressure of hydraulic oil to act on a piston, driving the piston rod to extend or retract, thereby generating thrust or pull force. In practical applications, different types of hydraulic cylinders can be selected according to specific needs. For example, a single-acting hydraulic cylinder has hydraulic pressure acting on only one side, with the piston moving in one direction and returning by a spring or its own weight; a double-acting hydraulic cylinder allows hydraulic oil to be supplied to both sides of the piston, achieving bidirectional movement and providing more flexible control and thrust / pull force; in addition, there are telescopic hydraulic cylinders, which have multi-stage piston rods and can achieve a long stroke within a short installation length, suitable for applications where space is limited but a large stroke is required.

[0099] Meanwhile, the power unit 81 is defined as a hydraulic power station. A hydraulic power station is an independent hydraulic power source, typically composed of core components such as a hydraulic pump, drive motor, oil tank, filter, cooler, and control valve assembly. Its main function is to convert electrical or mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and output hydraulic oil with a certain pressure and flow rate to drive hydraulic actuators. Hydraulic power stations can be implemented in various ways. For example, different types of hydraulic pumps, such as gear pumps, vane pumps, or piston pumps, can be selected according to the required pressure, flow rate, and efficiency; the drive method can be electric motor drive; and the control method can employ manual valve control, solenoid valve control, or proportional valve control to achieve more precise adjustment of the hydraulic system.

[0100] Furthermore, the hydraulic power unit is connected to the hydraulic cylinder via oil pipes. Oil pipes are conduits used to transport hydraulic oil, connecting the hydraulic power unit and hydraulic actuators to form a complete hydraulic circuit. The connection method and material selection of the oil pipes are crucial to the performance and reliability of the hydraulic system. For example, high-pressure rubber hoses can be used, which have good flexibility, facilitate wiring and connection in complex spaces, and effectively absorb vibration; rigid metal pipes can also be used, suitable for fixed installations and high-pressure, high-flow applications, offering higher rigidity and durability. To improve the efficiency of equipment assembly and disassembly, quick couplings can also be used to connect the oil pipes to the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic power unit, enabling quick and convenient plugging and unplugging.

[0101] The above technical solution specifically defines the linear actuator 40 as a hydraulic cylinder, and uses a hydraulic station as the power unit 81, connected via oil pipes. This effectively solves the problem of insufficient power system efficiency and reliability when replacing sleepers in confined subway tunnels. The hydraulic cylinder, as a hydraulic actuator, provides high output force and stable thrust, ensuring precise force application during sleeper extraction or insertion, avoiding impacts on work efficiency and safety due to tool slippage or operational delays. The hydraulic station, as a centralized hydraulic power source, has a compact structure and high energy conversion efficiency, facilitating integration into the track trolley 80, thus adapting to the low clearance and mobility requirements of subway tunnels. The hydraulic station is connected to the hydraulic cylinder via oil pipes; this connection method is flexible and well-sealed, allowing the power unit 81 and the linear actuator 40 to maintain a certain physical separation, facilitating rapid deployment and adjustment of the equipment on the track, while ensuring continuous and stable hydraulic power transmission, significantly improving overall work efficiency and safety. Given the limited track opening time in subway tunnels, this efficient and reliable hydraulic power system is crucial for ensuring the smooth progress of sleeper replacement operations.

[0102] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution:

[0103] When replacing sleepers in subway tunnels, the limited space, clearance, and short working hours make traditional methods of manually removing sleepers using crowbars, jacks, and other tools inefficient, labor-intensive, and posing safety hazards. This equipment provides an efficient and safe solution to these problems.

[0104] In practice, the equipment is first transported to the work area where the sleepers to be replaced are located. This equipment can be integrated onto a rail trolley 80, which is also equipped with a power unit 81, such as a hydraulic station. The hydraulic station 81 is connected to a linear actuator 40 (e.g., a hydraulic cylinder) via oil pipes, providing hydraulic power to the cylinder 40.

[0105] Construction preparation: Loosen the fasteners in the area of ​​the sleepers to be replaced, but leave them in place.

[0106] To install the equipment, the operator places the first support base 10 and the second support base 20 on the rails on both sides of the sleeper to be replaced. The first support base 10 includes a first base body 11 and a first base plate 12, with first spike bolt connection holes on the first base plate 12 that match the spike bolts. The second support base 20 includes a second base body 21 and a second base plate 22, with second spike bolt connection holes on the second base plate 22 that match the spike bolts. Through these connection holes, the first support base 10 and the second support base 20 can be securely anchored to the spike bolts on the rails, ensuring the stability of the equipment during operation.

[0107] Subsequently, the first support base connecting part 50 is connected to the top of the first support base 10 and the second support base 20. The first support base connecting part 50 adopts a rod-shaped structure, for example, composed of a first connecting rod 51, a second connecting rod 52, a connecting plate 53, and a connecting pin 54. The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are detachably connected together by the connecting pin 54, realizing a quick and reliable connection between the first support base 10 and the second support base 20, forming a stable frame structure. This detachable design greatly facilitates the installation and disassembly of the equipment and adapts to the limited working time in subway tunnels.

[0108] Next, the first actuator seat 30 is installed on the first support seat 10. The first actuator seat 30 includes a first upright plate 31 and a first connecting seat 32. The first upright plate 31 is installed on the first support seat 10 and has a first U-shaped groove 33 for connecting the first connecting seat 32. The first connecting seat 32 includes a first connecting seat body 32-1 and a first connecting pin 32-2 disposed on its outer side and engaging with the first U-shaped groove 33. The linear actuator 40 (cylinder) is fixedly installed on the first connecting seat body 32-1. This connection method allows the linear actuator 40 to flexibly adjust its angle and position to adapt to different operational needs.

[0109] During the sleeper removal process, the operator activates the power unit 81 (hydraulic station), and hydraulic oil enters the linear actuator 40 (cylinder) through the oil pipe. The actuator end of the cylinder 40 extends, passes through the first seat 11, and acts precisely on the outer side of the rail web. The powerful thrust generated by the cylinder 40 is transmitted through the rail to the sleeper to be replaced, smoothly pushing the sleeper out from under the rail. The entire pushing and pulling process is precisely controlled by the hydraulic system, avoiding safety risks such as tool slippage and sleeper rollover that may occur in traditional manual operation, significantly improving the safety of the operation.

[0110] When pulling in a new sleeper, this equipment can also be equipped with a second actuator seat 60 and a second support connection part 70. The second actuator seat 60 includes a second upright plate 61 and a second connecting seat 62. The bottom of the second upright plate 61 has a snap-fit ​​groove 63 corresponding to the rail head, which can snap onto the rail head to provide additional support and positioning. The second support connection part 70 includes a second support connecting rod 71, a first push baffle 72, and a second push baffle 73. One end of the second support connecting rod 71 is connected to the top of the first support seat 10, and the other end extends to the side of the second support seat 20 away from the first support seat 10. The upper end of the second support seat 20 is connected to the lower side of the rod body of the second support connecting rod 71. The first push baffle 72 and the second push baffle 73 can provide additional pushing or guiding action to ensure that the sleeper moves smoothly along a predetermined path during the extraction process, further improving work efficiency and accuracy.

[0111] Disassemble the equipment and restore the wiring. Remove the entire set of equipment, then tighten all fasteners in the area to complete the replacement operation.

[0112] Compared to traditional manual sleeper replacement, this equipment uses hydraulic power to remove and extract sleepers, significantly reducing the labor intensity of operators. It transforms the arduous task that previously required multiple workers into a simple operation that can be completed by a small team. Its compact structure and rapid assembly / disassembly capabilities allow it to operate within the confined spaces of subway tunnels and during short maintenance windows. Precise hydraulic control provides stable and controllable thrust, effectively avoiding the safety hazards inherent in traditional methods and significantly improving the efficiency and safety of sleeper replacement.

[0113] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring, characterized in that, include: The first support base (10) includes a first base body (11) and a first base plate (12). The first base body (11) is fixed above the first base plate (12). The first base plate (12) has a first spike bolt connection hole that matches the spike bolt. The second support base (20) includes a second base body (21) and a second base plate (22). The second base body (21) is fixed above the second base plate (22). The second base plate (22) has a second spike bolt connection hole that matches the spike bolt. The first actuator seat (30) is mounted on the first support seat (10). Linear actuator (40), the linear actuator (40) is mounted on the first actuator seat (30), and when the sleeper is removed, the actuating end of the linear actuator (40) can pass through the first seat body (11) and act on the outside of the rail web; First support base connecting part (50), one end of the first support base connecting part (50) is connected to the upper end of the first support base (10), and the other end of the first support base connecting part (50) is connected to the upper end of the second support base (20).

2. The subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support base connecting part (50) is a rod-shaped structure, and one end of the first support base connecting part (50) is detachably connected to the top of the first support base (10), and the other end of the first support base connecting part (50) is detachably connected to the top of the second support base (20).

3. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first support connection part (50) includes a first connecting rod (51), a second connecting rod (52), a connecting plate (53), and a connecting pin (54). The first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) are arranged along the same axis. The connecting plate (53) is fixedly arranged on the end of the second connecting rod (52) near the first connecting rod (51). The connecting pin (54) is sequentially inserted through the end of the first connecting rod (51) near the second connecting rod (52) and the connecting plate (53) to detachably connect the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) together.

4. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear actuator (40) is one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, and an electric push rod.

5. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first actuator base (30) includes a first upright plate (31) and a first connecting seat (32). The first upright plate (31) is mounted on the first support base (10). The first upright plate (31) has a first U-shaped groove (33) for connecting the first connecting seat (32). The first connecting seat (32) includes a first connecting seat body (32-1) and a first connecting pin (32-2) disposed on the outside of the first connecting seat body (32-1) and cooperating with the first U-shaped groove (33). The linear actuator (40) is fixedly mounted on the first connecting seat body (32-1).

6. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The subway sleeper replacement device based on rail spike bolt anchoring also includes a second actuator seat (60). The second actuator seat (60) includes a second vertical plate (61) and a second connecting seat (62). The bottom of the second vertical plate (61) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove (63) corresponding to the rail head. The upper part of the second vertical plate (61) is provided with a second U-shaped groove (64) for connecting the second connecting seat (62). The second connecting seat (62) includes a second connecting seat body (62-1) and a second connecting pin (62-2) disposed on the outside of the second connecting seat body (62-1) and cooperating with the second U-shaped groove (64).

7. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The subway sleeper replacement device based on rail spike bolt anchoring also includes a second support connection part (70). The second support connection part (70) includes a second support connecting rod (71), a first push baffle (72), and a second push baffle (73). One end of the second support connecting rod (71) is connected to the top of the first support seat (10), and the other end of the second support connecting rod (71) extends to the side of the second support seat (20) away from the first support seat (10). The upper end of the second support seat (20) is connected to the lower side of the body of the second support connecting rod (71). The first push baffle (72) is located on the end of the second support connecting rod (71) away from the first support seat (10), and the second push baffle (73) is located in the middle section of the body of the second support connecting rod (71).

8. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The subway sleeper replacement equipment based on rail spike bolt anchoring also includes a rail trolley (80) and a power unit (81). The power unit (81) is mounted on the rail trolley (80) and is connected to a linear actuator (40) to provide energy or power to the linear actuator (40).

9. A subway sleeper replacement device based on track spike bolt anchoring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The linear actuator (40) is a hydraulic cylinder, and the power unit (81) is a hydraulic station. The hydraulic station is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipe.

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