Heavy cantilever structure supporting and unloading integrated tool and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy cantilever structure supporting and unloading integrated tool and a construction method. The tool comprises a temporary supporting column, an unloading steel corbel, a cross-shaped conversion tool, a limiting device, an unloading base plate and an unloading device. The unloading base plate is placed on the top of the temporary supporting column; the cross-shaped conversion tool is placed between the top of a temporary supporting column and a cantilever structure and fixed to a temporary supporting column unloading steel corbel through a limiting device, and a stable supporting system is formed. And the unloading device is placed between the unloading steel corbel and the cross-shaped conversion tool, and an orthogonal unloading system is formed by controlling the unloading device and the base plate to alternately bear. The tool can be used as a stable temporary support for an upper heavy large cantilever structure in the early stage, the unloading device and the unloading base plate are alternately used for bearing in the later stage, and the unloading amount can be precisely controlled in a graded mode. According to the method, the safety of the heavy cantilever structure in the construction and unloading process is ensured, the final configuration of the cantilever structure is effectively achieved, and the method has important engineering application significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building steel structure technology, and in particular to an integrated tooling and construction method for supporting and unloading heavy cantilever structures. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent aesthetic requirements for architectural engineering, large-span, cantilevered, and suspended complex spatial steel structures are emerging. During the construction of these large cantilevered steel structures, temporary support structures are necessary to ensure the cantilever construction is completed before the structural system is fully formed. Furthermore, the numerous structural layers and large spans of the cantilever sections mean that the support structures will be subjected to loads of hundreds or even thousands of tons as the number of construction layers increases. Existing lattice-type support frames cannot meet the load-bearing requirements. Moreover, during unloading, the stress system of the main structure changes, resulting in significant vertical displacement. Ensuring a smooth structural unloading process under heavy loads and large displacement deformation during the stress system transition of the cantilever structure is a technical challenge that needs to be addressed.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an economical, reasonable, safe, and efficient integrated heavy-duty support unloading tooling and its construction method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the limitations of traditional support frames for cantilever structures in providing temporary support and tiered unloading for heavy loads. It offers an integrated construction tooling and method for heavy support and unloading. This tooling initially serves as a stable temporary support for the upper heavy cantilever structure, and later, through alternating load-bearing via unloading devices and unloading pads, allows for precise tiered control of the unloading amount. This invention ensures the safety of the construction and unloading process for heavy cantilever structures and effectively achieves the final configuration of the cantilever structure, possessing significant engineering application value.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a heavy-duty cantilever structure support and unloading integrated tooling, including a temporary support column, an unloading steel bracket, a cross-shaped conversion tooling, a limiting device, an unloading pad, and an unloading device; the unloading pad is placed on top of the temporary support column; the cross-shaped conversion tooling is placed between the top of the temporary support column and the cantilever structure, and is fixed to the unloading steel bracket of the temporary support column by the limiting device to form a stable support system; the unloading device is placed between the unloading steel bracket and the cross-shaped conversion tooling, and an orthogonal unloading system is formed by controlling the unloading device and the pad to alternately bear loads.

[0006] During the support phase, the cross-shaped transfer fixture directly transfers the load of the cantilever structure from the central core area to the lower temporary support column; during the unloading phase, it transfers the load of the cantilever structure to the end of the cross-shaped unloading fixture, and then transfers it to the lower temporary support column through the unloading device to unload the steel bracket.

[0007] Furthermore, the temporary support column is a reinforced concrete column with internal square steel frames, and the unloading steel bracket is welded to the side of the top of the square steel frames. The temporary support column adopts a structural design of steel frame column and orthogonal unloading steel bracket, and the synergistic effect of the two with the concrete further improves the load-bearing capacity and unloading capacity of the temporary support column.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross end of the cross-shaped conversion tool is hinged and fixed to the unloading steel bracket through a limiting device to form a stable central support system.

[0009] Furthermore, the unloading pads are placed in layers on top of the temporary support columns, divided into several sectors (which can be divided into four sectors), and are made of alternating layers of polytetrafluoroethylene plates and steel plates with extremely low coefficient of friction, which facilitates the staged extraction during unloading.

[0010] Furthermore, the unloading device is symmetrically placed on the unloading steel bracket, so that the upper heavy load is evenly distributed. The unloading device uses jacks, and two or four jacks can be symmetrically placed on the unloading steel bracket, so that the upper heavy load is divided into two or four equal parts, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the unloading fixture.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting device includes a continuous connecting plate, with clamping plates and bolts and mounting holes for connecting the clamping plates at both the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate. The mounting holes at the upper end of the connecting plate are vertical elongated holes, ensuring that the cross conversion tool can only move in the unloading direction during the unloading process.

[0012] Furthermore, both the ends of the cross-shaped conversion tool and the unloading steel bracket adopt a variable cross-section design, saving on construction measures.

[0013] Furthermore, both the unloading steel bracket and the cross-shaped conversion tooling are equipped with stiffening plates on the side.

[0014] The construction method using the above-mentioned integrated tooling includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: First, perform calculation and analysis on the support and unloading conditions of the heavy cantilever structure, and extract data such as support and unloading reaction force values ​​and unloading displacement.

[0016] Step 2: Install temporary support columns, unloading pads, cross-shaped conversion fixtures, and limit devices directly below the cantilevered structural columns;

[0017] Step 3: Install the cantilever structure from bottom to top using temporary support columns, and pre-adjust the arch in the reverse direction based on the calculated deformation;

[0018] Step 4: The construction of the upper main structure is completed, reaches the required strength, and is inspected and accepted;

[0019] Step 5: Configure the unloading device according to the reaction force value, place it between the unloading steel bracket and the cross-shaped conversion tooling, and use computer control to realize the unloading device and the unloading pad alternately bearing the load. After the pad is removed in sections, the cantilever structure stably reaches the theoretical configuration, and the unloading is completed.

[0020] Compared with traditional unloading fixtures, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) This invention solves the problem that the support frame of the traditional cantilever structure cannot simultaneously meet the needs of temporary support for heavy loads and graded unloading.

[0022] (2) The temporary support column of the present invention adopts a structure of steel column and orthogonal steel bracket, which makes the support column have a greater load-bearing capacity;

[0023] (3) The present invention uses a limiting device to connect the cross-shaped conversion tool and the temporary support column together to ensure its lateral stability during the support and unloading stages, and to ensure that the unloading tool can only move in the unloading direction during the unloading process, thus ensuring safety.

[0024] (4) The present invention takes into account that the load transmitted from the upper part is a heavy load. Therefore, by setting up multiple orthogonal unloading steel brackets and using 2 or 4 unloading devices for graded symmetrical unloading, the heavy load of the upper part is divided into 2 or 4 equal parts, which further enhances the unloading capacity.

[0025] (5) The present invention uses a PTFE plate and a steel plate with an extremely low coefficient of friction to form an unloading pad, which is divided into multiple sectors. This not only meets the requirements for reserved unloading height, but also facilitates the graded dismantling of the unloading process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the construction tooling support stage according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the unloading stage of the construction equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is an elevation view of the unloading stage of the construction equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the cross-shaped conversion tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic elevation view of the cross-shaped conversion tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the unloading pad according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Labeling instructions: 1. Temporary support column; 2. Unloading steel bracket; 3. Cross-shaped conversion tool; 4. Limiting device; 5. Unloading pad; 6. Unloading device; 7. Square steel frame; 8. Stiffening plate; 9. Clamping plate; 10. Oblong hole; 11. Round hole; 12. Polytetrafluoroethylene plate; 13. Steel plate. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-7 The specific implementation method of the heavy-duty support unloading integrated tooling and construction method of the present invention will be further described in detail.

[0035] The cultural center project involved in this invention has an ultra-large cantilever structure with multiple cantilevered layers. Furthermore, a complete load-bearing system can only be formed after all construction is completed. Therefore, a temporary support system needs to be installed at the bottom of the structure until the upper cantilever structure is fully constructed. Analysis of the construction process using Midas finite element analysis software shows that after construction, the cantilever structure will transmit a load of nearly 1000 tons to the support system, with a maximum displacement of nearly 20 mm after unloading.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention includes a temporary support column 1, an unloading steel bracket 2, a cross-shaped conversion fixture 3, a limiting device 4, a pad 5, and an unloading device 6. The temporary support column 1 is a square concrete steel column with a square steel frame 7 inside; both the unloading steel bracket 2 and the cross-shaped conversion fixture 3 have stiffening plates 8 on their sides; the mounting holes on the connecting plate have oblong holes 10 at the upper end and round holes 11 at the lower end, restricting the cross-shaped conversion fixture 3 to move only in the vertical direction; the unloading steel bracket is welded to the four sides of the top of the square steel frame 7 and is connected to the cross-shaped conversion fixture 3 as an integral unit through the limiting device 4; the unloading pad, which is composed of alternating layers of polytetrafluoroethylene plate 12 and steel plate 13, is divided into four sectors and placed between the temporary support column 1 and the cross-shaped conversion fixture 3 to reserve unloading height; the unloading device 6 is placed on the unloading steel bracket 2.

[0037] Its construction process includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Use Midas finite element software to perform full-process simulation analysis. Based on the analysis results, determine the cross-sectional dimensions of the temporary support column 1, unloading steel bracket 2, cross-shaped conversion fixture 3, and limiting device 4 in the construction fixture, and determine the vertical load on the construction fixture during the support process and the vertical displacement after unloading. In this embodiment, the vertical load obtained from the analysis is 1000t, and the vertical displacement is 20mm.

[0039] Step 2: Based on the vertical load and vertical displacement obtained from the analysis, determine the model of the unloading device (jack) 6 and calculate the required height of the unloading pad 5 and the length of the oblong hole 42; in this embodiment, four unloading devices (jacks) of model 400t are used; three unloading pads 5 with a thickness of 10mm are used, and the total unloading height reserved by the unloading pads is 30mm; the length of the oblong hole is 25mm;

[0040] Step 3: After determining the location of the construction equipment, the construction equipment is erected as a temporary support structure, and the main structure construction begins until a complete load-bearing system is formed.

[0041] Step 4: Place the unloading device (jack) on the unloading steel bracket, control the unloading device (jack) to lift the cantilever structure by 1mm, pull out the first unloading pad 5, control the unloading device (jack) to slowly lower the cantilever structure to the position 1mm above the second unloading pad 5, then pull out the second unloading pad, repeat the above operation until unloading is complete.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty cantilever structure support and unloading integrated tooling, characterized in that: It includes a temporary support column, an unloading steel bracket, a cross-shaped conversion tool, a limiting device, an unloading pad, and an unloading device; the unloading pad is placed on top of the temporary support column; The cross-shaped conversion fixture is placed between the top of the temporary support column and the cantilever structure, and is fixed to the unloading steel bracket of the temporary support column by the limiting device to form a stable support system; the unloading device is placed between the unloading steel bracket and the cross-shaped conversion fixture, and an orthogonal unloading system is formed by controlling the unloading device and the pad to alternately bear the load.

2. The heavy-duty cantilever structure support and unloading integrated tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temporary support column is a concrete-steel column with a square steel frame inside. The unloading steel bracket is welded to the side of the top of the square steel frame.

3. The integrated tooling for supporting and unloading heavy-duty cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-shaped conversion tooling has its cross end hinged to the unloading steel bracket via a limiting device, forming a stable central support system.

4. The integrated tooling for supporting and unloading heavy-duty cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading pads are placed in layers on top of the temporary support columns, divided into several fan-shaped sections, and are made of alternating layers of polytetrafluoroethylene plates and steel plates with extremely low coefficient of friction, which facilitates the staged extraction during unloading.

5. The integrated tooling for supporting and unloading heavy-duty cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading device is symmetrically placed on the unloading steel bracket, so that the heavy load on the upper part is evenly distributed, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the unloading fixture.

6. The integrated tooling for supporting and unloading heavy-duty cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting device includes a continuous connecting plate. Both the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are provided with clamping plates, bolts for connecting the clamping plates, and mounting holes. The mounting holes at the upper end of the connecting plate are vertical elongated holes, ensuring that the cross-shaped conversion tool can only move in the unloading direction during the unloading process.

7. The integrated tooling for supporting and unloading heavy-duty cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-shaped conversion tooling end and the unloading steel bracket both adopt a variable cross-section design, saving on construction measures.

8. The integrated tooling for supporting and unloading heavy-duty cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the unloading steel bracket and the cross-shaped conversion tooling are equipped with stiffening plates on their sides.

9. A construction method using the integrated tooling described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, perform calculation and analysis on the support and unloading conditions of the heavy cantilever structure, and extract data such as support and unloading reaction force values ​​and unloading displacement. Step 2: Install temporary support columns, unloading pads, cross-shaped conversion fixtures, and limit devices directly below the cantilevered structural columns; Step 3: Install the cantilever structure from bottom to top using temporary support columns, and pre-adjust the arch in the reverse direction based on the calculated deformation; Step 4: The construction of the upper main structure is completed, reaches the required strength, and is inspected and accepted; Step 5: Configure the unloading device according to the reaction force value, place it between the unloading steel bracket and the cross-shaped conversion tooling, and use computer control to realize the unloading device and the unloading pad alternately bearing the load. After the pad is removed in sections, the cantilever structure stably reaches the theoretical configuration, and the unloading is completed.

Images