Directional drilling and soil sample sampling device

Abstract

The invention provides a directional drilling and soil sample sampling device which comprises a drilling and soil sampling unit, a connecting unit and a control unit which are sequentially connected, and the control unit is used for controlling the soil sampling operation of the drilling and soil sampling unit and the advancing direction of a drill bit; the drilling soil sampling unit comprises a drill bit, an electromagnetic inductor, a soil sampler and a fixing device which are sequentially connected, a guide device is arranged on the rear side of the soil sampler, and the fixing device is arranged outside the guide device; the drill bit, the electromagnetic inductor and the soil sampler are all of hollow structures, one end of the electromagnetic inductor is in threaded connection with the soil sampler, the other end of the electromagnetic inductor is rotationally connected with the drill bit, and the drill bit is driven to rotate to achieve soil sampling operation; the guide device adjusts the advancing direction of the drill bit through a telescopic pressure-bearing column. The directional drilling and soil sample collecting device is high in penetrating power and controllable in track, the drilling cost is reduced, disturbance to the stratum in the drilling process is reduced, the drilling working environment is improved, and accurate detection of the geological condition of a target area is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a geotechnical engineering exploration device, and more particularly to a directional drilling and soil sample collection device. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling and soil sampling are important aspects of geotechnical engineering investigation, aiming to further investigate the geological conditions of the project below the surface and the geological parameters of each stratum. However, the following problems exist in this process: (1) Currently, vertical drilling is mostly used, and due to the lateral spacing when arranging boreholes, the strata between boreholes can only be inferred and cannot truly reflect the strata characteristics of the investigation site; (2) Under complex site conditions, due to the influence of ground structures and underground pipelines, vertical drilling is difficult to implement, has a long cycle, and poses safety hazards; (3) In the process of tunnel investigation in high and steep mountainous areas, the arrangement of vertical boreholes results in a large amount of ineffective drilling work in the upper part of the tunnel; (4) In the process of water area investigation, vertical drilling is costly; (5) During the drilling process, the drill rod and drill bit rotate together, resulting in large disturbance of the strata in the borehole and easy collapse of the borehole; (6) During the drilling process, the drill rod needs to be frequently disassembled and assembled according to the impact of each drilling round; (7) During drilling, due to the dispersed arrangement of borehole points, the equipment needs to be frequently moved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a device for directional drilling and soil sample collection, which solves the problem of directional control and positioning of the drill bit during soil sample collection. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] A directional drilling and soil sampling device includes a drilling and sampling unit, a connecting unit, and a control unit connected in sequence. The control unit controls the soil sampling operation of the drilling and sampling unit and the forward direction of the drill bit. The drilling and sampling unit includes a drill bit, an electromagnetic sensor, a soil sampler, and a fixing device connected in sequence. The rear side of the soil sampler is connected to the fixing device. A guide device is provided at one end of the fixing device near the soil sampler. The drill bit, electromagnetic sensor, and soil sampler are all hollow structures. One end of the electromagnetic sensor is threadedly connected to the soil sampler, and the other end is rotatably connected to the drill bit, driving the drill bit to rotate to achieve the soil sampling operation. The guide device adjusts the forward direction of the drill bit through a retractable pressure-bearing column.

[0005] The drill bit is a hollow cylinder, consisting of a serrated part and a rotating part connected in sequence from front to back. The rotating part is provided with permanent magnet material at the position corresponding to the drive part of the electromagnetic sensor.

[0006] The rear end face of the rotating part is provided with a U-shaped recessed space, which is connected to the driving part of the electromagnetic sensor. The U-shaped recessed space is provided with a limit block to prevent the electromagnetic sensor from falling off.

[0007] The electromagnetic sensor includes a drive unit and a connecting unit connected to each other. The drive unit is located inside the U-shaped recessed space of the rotating part and is limited by a limiting block. The drive unit is provided with distributed stator windings to drive the permanent magnet material of the rotating part. The connecting unit is fixedly connected to the soil sampler by threads.

[0008] The soil sampler is equipped with a pressure valve at the rear to release the gas from the sampler.

[0009] The rear side of the soil sampler is connected to the fixing device. A push plate is provided on the rear side of the soil sampler. A support plate is provided inside the fixing device. The guiding device includes several retractable pressure-bearing columns installed on the support plate. The pressure-bearing columns are driven by an electric cylinder. The pressure-bearing columns apply force to the push plate of the soil sampler. The drill bit deflects due to the thrust at different positions on the push plate.

[0010] One end of the pressure-bearing column is fixedly connected to the push plate via a universal joint, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support plate via an electric cylinder. Multiple pressure-bearing columns are evenly arranged on the same circumference.

[0011] The center of the push plate is provided with a central universal joint, which is fixedly connected to the center of the support plate through a connecting rod. The central universal joint is located at the center of the same circumference of multiple pressure-bearing columns.

[0012] The fixing device includes a pushing end and a supporting end, the supporting end being retractably inserted into the pushing end; a supporting plate is provided inside the pushing end, a pressure-bearing column is provided on the side of the supporting plate facing the soil sampler, and multiple electric telescopic rods connected to the supporting end are provided on the other side, the supporting end is pulled into the pushing end by the electric telescopic rods.

[0013] The support end is connected to the connecting pipe of the connecting unit, and multiple support columns facing outward are arranged around it. The support column is an electric telescopic rod, one end of which is installed inside the support end through a fixing block, and the other end is provided with a support foot for supporting the hole wall.

[0014] The directional drilling and soil sampling device has the following advantages: (1) The drill bit can change direction. The guiding device applies a corresponding guiding force to the soil sampler to make the drill bit deflect. When the drill bit rotates, the electronic device controls the guiding device to continuously adjust the force in each direction so that the drill bit drills in the predetermined direction. (2) In areas where traditional exploration is difficult to implement, directional drilling can overcome the constraints of ground conditions, effectively avoid ground roads, green spaces and residences, and conduct exploration of the predetermined area by drilling at a distance to avoid ground obstacles, thereby reducing the impact of drilling construction on the surrounding environment. (3) When drilling in mountainous areas and water areas, the site location can be adjusted to only explore the areas that affect the project, thereby reducing drilling costs. (4) Electromagnetic induction is used to start the drill bit rotation. During the drilling process, only the drill bit rotates, which greatly reduces the disturbance to the strata during the drilling process. (5) The drill bit and soil sampler are connected to the control unit through a hose, and there is no need to disassemble the drill rod during the drilling process. (6) Directional drilling and soil sampling can reduce the frequent equipment transfer process and improve the drilling working environment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the directional drilling and soil sample collection device.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit's structure;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic sensor.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the drill bit and the electromagnetic sensor;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the guiding device and the fixing device. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the directional drilling and soil sampling device includes a drilling and soil sampling unit, a connecting unit, and a control unit connected in sequence. The control unit is used to control the soil sampling operation of the drilling and soil sampling unit and the forward direction of the drill bit. The drilling and soil sampling unit includes a drill bit 1, an electromagnetic sensor 2, a soil sampler 3, and a fixing device 5 connected in sequence. The rear side of the soil sampler 3 is connected to the fixing device 5. A guide device 4 is provided at one end of the fixing device 5 near the soil sampler 3. The drill bit 1, electromagnetic sensor 2, and soil sampler 3 all adopt a hollow structure. One end of the electromagnetic sensor 2 is connected to the soil sampler 3 by a thread, and the other end is rotatably connected to the drill bit 1, driving the drill bit 1 to rotate to realize the soil sampling operation. The guide device 4 adjusts the forward direction of the drill bit 1 through a retractable pressure-bearing column 401.

[0021] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the drill bit 1 is a hollow cylinder, comprising a serrated section 101 and a rotating section 102 connected sequentially from front to back. The serrated section 101 is a serrated structure made of hard alloy material, which can cut the soil sample during drilling and send the soil sample from the middle into the soil sampler 3 at the rear.

[0022] The front end of the rotating part 102 is fixedly connected to the serrated part 101. The rotating part 102 is also made of hard alloy material, but a permanent magnet material is provided at the drive position corresponding to the electromagnetic sensor 2. The outer surface 105 of the rotating part 102 can be provided with protruding spiral patterns to reduce the forward resistance when the drill bit 1 rotates. The outer surface 105 and inner surface 106 of the rotating part 102 are coated with titanium nitride (TiN) coating to extend the life of the drill bit 1. Furthermore, the drill bit 1 can be integrally formed during manufacturing.

[0023] The rear end face 103 of the rotating part 102 is provided with a U-shaped recessed space 104, which is connected to the electromagnetic sensor 2. A permanent magnet material 107 is provided on the inner side of the rotating part 102 at the position corresponding to the electromagnetic sensor 2. The electromagnetic sensor 2 and the permanent magnet material 107 of the rotating part 102 form a stator and a rotor, respectively. The electromagnetic sensor 2 and the rotating part 102 are coaxially arranged. A distributed stator winding is fixed on the inner wall of the electromagnetic sensor 2. The outer side of the permanent magnet material 107 away from the distributed stator winding is made of hard alloy material. The distance between the inner surface of the distributed stator winding and the surface of the permanent magnet material 107 of the rotating part 102 is 5 ± 0.5 mm.

[0024] Furthermore, the U-shaped recessed space 104 is provided with a limiting block 108 to prevent the electromagnetic sensor 2 from falling off. The limiting block 108 extends from both sides of the opening of the U-shaped recessed space 104 towards the middle of the opening, thereby limiting the driving part of the electromagnetic sensor 2 to pass only through the connecting part 201 of the electromagnetic sensor 2. Furthermore, the outer surface 105 of the rotating part 102 can be inclined on the side near the serrated part 101, and is horizontally arranged in the part where the U-shaped recessed space 104 is located.

[0025] The electromagnetic sensor 2 includes a driving part and a connecting part 201. The driving part is located inside the U-shaped recessed space 104 of the rotating part 102 and is limited by a limiting block. The driving part is provided with distributed stator windings to drive the permanent magnet material 107 of the rotating part 102 to rotate, thereby driving the sawtooth part 101 to drill forward. The connecting part 201 passes through the limiting block 108 and extends outward from the rear end face 103 of the rotating part 102. It has a threaded structure inside and is connected to the soil sampler 3 through the threads. In use, the electromagnetic sensor 2 can generate a rotating magnetic field when the power is turned on, which drives the permanent magnet material on the inner surface 106 of the rotating part 102, thereby driving the drill bit 1 to rotate.

[0026] Furthermore, a bearing is installed between the rotating part 102 and the electromagnetic sensor 2. The bearing can be installed in the following ways: (1) In the U-shaped recessed space 104, a bearing is installed between the outer side of the driving part of the electromagnetic sensor 2 and the inner side of the outer surface 105 of the rotating part 102. The outer side of the driving part of the electromagnetic sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and the inner side of the outer surface 105 of the rotating part 102 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing. The position of the drill bit 1 is limited by the bearing; (2) At the limiting block 108, a bearing is installed between the inner / outer side of the connecting part 201 of the electromagnetic sensor 2 and the limiting block 108. The inner side of the connecting part 201 of the electromagnetic sensor 2 corresponds to the inner limiting block 108, and the outer side of the connecting part 201 of the electromagnetic sensor 2 corresponds to the outer limiting block 108. The inner / outer side of the connecting part 201 of the electromagnetic sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the outer / inner ring of the bearing, and the limiting block 108 on the opposite side is fixedly connected to the inner / outer ring of the bearing. The inner and outer sides are distinguished by the perpendicular distance from the center line formed with the center of the electromagnetic sensor 2.

[0027] The front end of the soil sampler 3 is fixedly connected to the rotating part 102 of the electromagnetic sensor 2 via threads. A pressure valve 301 is installed at the rear of the soil sampler 3 to vent the gas inside. The pressure valve 301 opens when subjected to internal gas pressure and closes when subjected to internal negative pressure. When the drill bit 1 delivers a soil sample into the soil sampler 3, the soil sampler 3 vents gas through the pressure valve 301 to prevent interference with soil sample collection.

[0028] like Figure 5As shown, the rear side of the soil sampler 3 is connected to the fixing device 5. A push plate is provided on the rear side of the soil sampler 3. A support plate 402 is provided inside the fixing device 5. The guide device 4 includes several retractable pressure-bearing columns 401 installed on the support plate 402. The pressure-bearing columns 401 are driven by an electric cylinder and can apply force to the push plate of the soil sampler 3. The drill bit 1 is deflected by the thrust at different positions on the push plate. When the drill bit 1 rotates, the control unit controls the pressure-bearing columns and continuously adjusts the thrust at each position so that the drill bit 1 drills in a predetermined direction.

[0029] One end of the pressure-bearing column 401 is fixedly connected to the push plate via a universal joint, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support plate 402 via an electric cylinder. For stable operation, a central universal joint 406 is provided at the center of the push plate, and the central universal joint 406 is fixedly connected to the center of the support plate 402 via a connecting rod. In this embodiment, eight pressure-bearing columns 401 are provided, evenly arranged on the same circumference, with a central universal joint 406 at the center of the circumference. The pressure-bearing columns 401 are electrically telescopic columns driven by an electric cylinder, which is mounted on the support plate 402. The periphery of the support plate is mounted on the inner side of the fixing device 5 via a fixing plate 403.

[0030] In use, with the central universal joint 406 as the reference, the pressure column 401 applies thrust to the push plate at different positions, thereby causing the drill bit 1 to drill in a predetermined direction.

[0031] Furthermore, the circumferential edge of the soil sampler 3 extends toward the fixing device 5. The circumferential edge of the soil sampler 3 is connected to the circumferential edge of the fixing device 5 by a chain 404, which strengthens the connection. The two are protected by an expansion joint 405 on their outer sides.

[0032] One end of the fixing device 5 is tightly connected to the soil sampler 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 6. A positioning device 9 of the control unit is installed inside the fixing device 5. The fixing device 5 is located outside the guide device 4 and wraps around the guide device 4. When the drill bit 1 drills, the fixing device 5 needs to be fixed to the hole wall.

[0033] The fixing device 5 includes a pushing end 501 and a supporting end 503, the supporting end 503 being retractably inserted into the pushing end 501. The circumferential edge of the pushing end 501 is connected to the circumferential edge of the rear side of the soil sampler 3 via a chain 404. A supporting plate 402 is provided inside the pushing end 501. A pressure-bearing column 401 is provided on the side of the supporting plate 402 facing the soil sampler 3, and multiple electric telescopic rods 502 connected to the supporting end 503 are provided on the other side. The supporting end 503 is pulled into the pushing end 501 by the electric telescopic rods 502. The supporting end 503 is connected to the connecting pipe 6 of the connecting unit.

[0034] The periphery of the support end 503 is provided with a plurality of outward-facing support columns 504. The support column 504 is an electric telescopic rod, one end of which is installed inside the support end 503 by a fixing block, and the other end is provided with a support foot 505. The cross-sectional area of ​​the support foot 505 is larger than that of the support column 504, and the contact area with the hole wall is larger, so as to play a better supporting role.

[0035] The connecting unit includes a connecting pipe 6 and a turntable 8. A wire 7 is arranged inside the connecting pipe 6. The connecting pipe 6 is made of a flexible material, which has flexibility and resistance to compression and tension. It has a hollow internal structure. One end is connected to the fixing device 5, and the other end extends out of the ground and is wrapped around the turntable 8.

[0036] The wire 7 is arranged inside the connecting pipe 6, with one end connected to the drilling and soil sampling unit and the other end connected to the control unit, and is responsible for transmitting the instructions of the control unit to the drilling and soil sampling unit.

[0037] The turntable 8 is positioned outside the drill hole on the ground, allowing the connecting pipe 6 to be released during drilling and retracted after drilling is completed. The turntable 8 includes a turntable body and a turntable support. The turntable body is circular and rotatably mounted on the turntable support, with a turntable handle on its side. The connecting pipe 6 is wound around the turntable body. The turntable 8 is equipped with a rotary motor to drive the turntable body. The turntable body has a conductive slip ring, and the wire 7 is connected to the control unit through the conductive slip ring.

[0038] The control unit includes a positioning device 9, a trajectory control unit 10, and a power supply 11. The positioning device 9 is located inside the soil sampler 3 and / or the fixing device 5, and is used to determine the current position parameters and transmit the parameter information to the trajectory control unit 10 through the wire 7.

[0039] The trajectory control unit 10 is used to record the parameter information transmitted by the positioning device 9 and to draw the three-dimensional spatial trajectory of the drill bit 1 during the drilling process using the parameter information. The operator can also preset the drilling trajectory through the trajectory control unit 10. When the drill bit 1 rotates, the control unit controls the guide device 4 to continuously adjust the force in various directions so that the drill bit 1 drills along the predetermined drilling trajectory.

[0040] The power supply unit 11 is positioned outside the drill hole in the ground and supplies power to the electromagnetic sensor 2 via the wire 7, causing the electromagnetic sensor 2 to generate a rotating magnetic field that drives the drill bit 1 to rotate. Simultaneously, the power supply unit 11 supplies power to the guide device 4 and the fixing device 5.

[0041] The present invention includes the following steps when performing directional drilling:

[0042] S1: Place the directional drilling and soil sampling equipment into the borehole and bring it to the bottom of the borehole;

[0043] S2: Send a command to the support end 503 of the fixing device 5 to extend the support column 504 and fix it to the hole wall through the support foot;

[0044] S3: Connect the power supply 11 and provide power to the electromagnetic sensor 2 through the wire 7, so that the electromagnetic sensor 2 forms a rotating magnetic field and drives the drill bit 1 to rotate. At the same time, the electric telescopic rod 502 starts to work and pushes the support end 503 outward from the push end 501.

[0045] S4: The guide device 4 applies a thrust to the soil sampler 3, causing the drill bit 1 to drill in a predetermined direction, and the positioning device 9 transmits data to the trajectory control unit 10 through the wire 7;

[0046] S5: During the drilling process, the soil sample enters the soil sampler 3 through the drill bit 1, and the gas in the soil sampler 3 is discharged through the pressure valve 301.

[0047] S6: When the electric telescopic rod 502 extends to its longest length, causing the pushing end 501 and the supporting end 503 to reach their maximum extension distance, the supporting column 504 is retracted. The electric telescopic rod 502 pulls the supporting end 503 into the pushing end 501. When the pushing end 501 and the supporting end 503 reach their minimum extension distance, the supporting column 504 is extended again, so that the supporting foot is fixed to the hole wall.

[0048] S7: After the soil sampler 3 samples the soil onto the push plate, the support column 504 is retracted, and the signal is transmitted to the control unit through the wire 7.

[0049] S8: After receiving the signal, the control unit retracts the connecting pipe 6 through the turntable 8. The turntable 8 then carries the soil sampler 3 and the drill bit 1 out of the borehole through the connecting pipe 6.

[0050] S9: Separate the soil sampler 3 and the drill bit 1, and take out the soil sample.

[0051] S10: After the soil sample is taken out, repeat the above steps S1 to S9 to complete the directional drilling and soil sample collection work according to the preset drilling trajectory.

[0052] This invention has the following advantages: Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0053] (1) It has strong penetration ability, controllable trajectory, and the drill bit can change direction. The guide device applies a carefully calculated force to the soil sampler to cause the drill bit to deflect. When the drill bit rotates, the electronic device controls the guide device to continuously adjust the force in each direction so that the drill bit drills in the predetermined direction.

[0054] (2) In areas where traditional exploration is difficult to implement, directional drilling can overcome the constraints of ground conditions, effectively avoid ground roads, green spaces and residences, and conduct exploration of the predetermined area by drilling at a distance to avoid ground obstacles, thereby reducing the impact of drilling construction on the surrounding environment.

[0055] (3) When drilling in mountainous and water areas, the drilling cost can be reduced by adjusting the site location and only surveying the areas that affect the project.

[0056] (4) Electromagnetic induction is used to start the drill bit rotation. During the drilling process, only the drill bit rotates, which greatly reduces the disturbance to the formation during the drilling process.

[0057] (5) The drill bit and soil sampler are connected to the external controller via a hose, and the drill rod does not need to be disassembled during drilling;

[0058] (6) It is friendly to the construction site. Directional drilling can reduce the frequent equipment transfer process and improve the drilling working environment.

[0059] (7) Accurately and truthfully reveal various adverse geological phenomena of the surrounding rock along the linear engineering line, complete the full-section drilling that is extremely difficult to complete in most cases of traditional drilling, and realize the accurate detection of the geological conditions of the target area.

Claims

1. A device for directional drilling and soil sample collection, characterized in that: The system includes a drilling and soil sampling unit, a connecting unit, and a control unit connected in sequence. The control unit controls the soil sampling operation of the drilling and soil sampling unit and the forward direction of the drill bit. The drilling and soil sampling unit includes a drill bit, an electromagnetic sensor, a soil sampler, and a fixing device connected in sequence. The rear side of the soil sampler is connected to the fixing device. A guide device is provided at one end of the fixing device near the soil sampler. The drill bit, electromagnetic sensor, and soil sampler all adopt a hollow structure. One end of the electromagnetic sensor is connected to the soil sampler by a thread, and the other end is rotatably connected to the drill bit, driving the drill bit to rotate to achieve the soil sampling operation. The guide device adjusts the forward direction of the drill bit through a retractable pressure-bearing column.

2. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit is a hollow cylinder, consisting of a serrated part and a rotating part connected in sequence from front to back. The rotating part is provided with permanent magnet material at the position corresponding to the drive part of the electromagnetic sensor.

3. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear end face of the rotating part is provided with a U-shaped recessed space, which is connected to the driving part of the electromagnetic sensor. The U-shaped recessed space is provided with a limit block to prevent the electromagnetic sensor from falling off.

4. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic sensor includes a drive unit and a connecting unit connected to each other. The drive unit is located inside the U-shaped recessed space of the rotating part and is limited by a limiting block. The drive unit is provided with distributed stator windings to drive the permanent magnet material of the rotating part. The connecting unit is fixedly connected to the soil sampler by threads.

5. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil sampler is equipped with a pressure valve at the rear to release the gas from the sampler.

6. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear side of the soil sampler is connected to the fixing device. A push plate is provided on the rear side of the soil sampler. A support plate is provided inside the fixing device. The guiding device includes several retractable pressure-bearing columns installed on the support plate. The pressure-bearing columns are driven by an electric cylinder. The pressure-bearing columns apply force to the push plate of the soil sampler. The drill bit deflects due to the thrust at different positions on the push plate.

7. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the pressure-bearing column is fixedly connected to the push plate via a universal joint, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support plate via an electric cylinder. Multiple pressure-bearing columns are evenly arranged on the same circumference.

8. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The center of the push plate is provided with a central universal joint, which is fixedly connected to the center of the support plate through a connecting rod. The central universal joint is located at the center of the same circumference of multiple pressure-bearing columns.

9. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing device includes a pushing end and a supporting end, the supporting end being retractably inserted into the pushing end; a supporting plate is provided inside the pushing end, a pressure-bearing column is provided on the side of the supporting plate facing the soil sampler, and multiple electric telescopic rods connected to the supporting end are provided on the other side, the supporting end is pulled into the pushing end by the electric telescopic rods.

10. The directional drilling and soil sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support end is connected to the connecting pipe of the connecting unit, and multiple support columns facing outward are arranged around it. The support column is an electric telescopic rod, one end of which is installed inside the support end through a fixing block, and the other end is provided with a support foot for supporting the hole wall.

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