Damper capable of simultaneously realizing exhaust and shock resistance of safety valve
By integrating a pressure-directed safety valve venting module and a tension-directed seismic resisting module into the damper, the problem of the single function of existing dampers is solved. It realizes rigid protection of the pressure-directed safety valve venting and seismic resisting function in the tension direction, reduces space occupation and operation and maintenance costs, and is suitable for nuclear power plants and large industrial pipelines.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU POWER EQUIP
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing dampers have a single function and cannot simultaneously meet the needs of rigid protection for safety valve exhaust and damping protection under seismic conditions.
Design a damper comprising a pressure-directed safety valve exhaust module and a tension-directed shock-absorbing module. Through structural integration and precise control of the valve body, it can withstand the continuous thrust caused by the exhaust of the safety valve in the pressure direction, while also possessing the shock-absorbing function in the tension direction.
It achieves rigid protection for safety valve exhaust in the pressure direction and anti-vibration function in the tension direction, reducing space occupation by 40% and operation and maintenance costs by 30%, and is suitable for harsh scenarios such as nuclear power plants and large industrial pipelines.
Smart Images
Figure CN122014790A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration, belonging to the field of damper technology. Background Technology
[0002] A hydraulic damper is a device that uses the flow of hydraulic oil to generate damping force, thereby suppressing mechanical vibration and impact.
[0003] Mature hydraulic damper products on the market are functionally categorized into three types: seismic-resistant, tension-resistant (with safety valve venting), and compression-resistant (with safety valve venting). Seismic-resistant dampers can simultaneously provide seismic loads in both tensile and compressive directions; while compression-resistant (with safety valve venting) dampers can only provide safety valve venting loads in either tensile or compressive direction, and do not possess seismic-resistant functionality. like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the seismic damper has a set of overflow valves and a set of throttle valves in both the tension and compression directions; The locking speed of the seismic damper is 120-360 mm / min, and the speed after locking is 30-120 mm / min; The characteristics of seismic dampers are as follows: Under earthquake or accident conditions, the damper's relief valve is triggered and locked. Hydraulic oil flows through the throttle valve to generate damping force, and the damper continues to move at 30-120 mm / min, providing near-rigid protection for equipment or pipelines. As shown in the figure, the tension safety valve venting: there is only one relief valve for the tension direction, and no valve group for the pressure direction. like Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the pressure-resistant safety valve venting system has only one set of relief valves for the pressure direction oil, while there are no valve sets for the pull direction oil. The locking speed of the tension (compression) safety valve is 120-360 mm / min, and the speed is 0 after locking in the tension (compression) direction; The characteristics of the tension (compression) safety valve venting are as follows: under the venting condition of the safety valve, the damper overflow valve is triggered to lock up, the damper speed drops to 0, and rigid protection is provided for the equipment or pipeline. Under normal operating conditions, the relief valve of the above-mentioned damper is normally open. Thermal expansion and contraction of the equipment or pipeline will not trigger the damper relief valve to lock, and the damper will move with the equipment or pipeline. Therefore, in view of the technical pain point that the existing dampers have a single function and cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of "rigid protection against safety valve exhaust" and "damping protection under seismic conditions", there is a need for a damper that can simultaneously achieve resistance to safety valve exhaust and seismic resistance, so that it can withstand the continuous thrust caused by safety valve exhaust in the compressive direction, and at the same time have seismic resistance in the tensile direction. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a damper that can withstand the continuous thrust caused by the exhaust of the safety valve in the compressive direction and has the function of anti-vibration in the tensile direction, thereby simultaneously achieving resistance to safety valve exhaust and anti-vibration.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is as follows: a damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve exhaust and anti-vibration, comprising a cylinder, a return piston, and an oil reservoir arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. A rear cylinder head is provided at the rear end of the cylinder, and a front cylinder head is provided at the front end of the cylinder. The two ends of the oil reservoir are sealed and fixedly connected to the rear cylinder head and the front cylinder head, respectively. The return piston is slidably and sealedly connected to the oil reservoir and the cylinder, respectively. The return piston is elastically connected to the front cylinder head. A piston rod is movably inserted through the front cylinder head. A piston block is provided inside the cylinder, and the piston block is fixedly mounted on the piston. At one end of the rod, a first oil passage is provided on the rear cylinder head, and a through hole is provided on the cylinder block. The internal cavity of the cylinder, the first oil passage, the through hole, and the internal cavity of the oil reservoir are sequentially connected. The cavity between the piston block and the rear cylinder head in the cylinder is the rodless cavity, and the cavity between the piston block and the front cylinder head in the cylinder is the rod cavity. A second oil passage is provided on the piston block, and a third oil passage is provided on the piston rod. The rod cavity and the rodless cavity are connected through the second and third oil passages. A pressure-oriented safety valve exhaust module is provided in the first oil passage, and a tension-oriented anti-vibration module is provided in the third oil passage. The pressure-directed safety valve exhaust module includes a first valve sleeve, and a first valve core is provided at the inner end of the first valve sleeve near the piston rod. The first valve core is elastically connected to the first valve sleeve by a first spring, and a plurality of first damping holes are provided on the first valve core. The anti-seismic module includes a second valve sleeve, with a second valve core at both ends inside the second valve sleeve. The two second valve cores are symmetrically arranged along the distribution direction of the rear cylinder head and piston rod. A second spring is provided between the two second valve cores, with both ends of the second spring connected to the second valve core. Multiple second damping holes are provided on both second valve cores, and a third damping hole is provided on the second valve core away from the rear cylinder head.
[0006] Preferably, the through hole is located on the side of the piston block near the rear cylinder head, and the oil return piston is located on the side of the through hole near the piston block.
[0007] Preferably, the return piston is connected to the front cylinder head via a return spring.
[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the oil tank is movably fitted with an oil level indicator sleeve along the front-to-back direction, and the oil level indicator sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod away from the piston block.
[0009] Preferably, the length and diameter of the first damping orifice are equal to the length and diameter of the second damping orifice.
[0010] Preferably, the length of the third damping hole is greater than the length of the second damping hole, and the diameter of the third damping hole is smaller than the diameter of the second damping hole.
[0011] Preferably, multiple first damping holes are circumferentially distributed, and multiple second damping holes are circumferentially distributed on the same second valve core.
[0012] Preferably, the third damping orifice is arranged opposite to the second valve core near the front cylinder head.
[0013] Preferably, the oil tank is provided with an oil filling hole, and the oil filling hole is provided with an oil plug.
[0014] Preferably, a retaining ring is fixedly provided on the side of the rear cylinder head near the front cylinder head, and the retaining ring abuts against the side of the first valve core near the front cylinder head.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a damper that simultaneously achieves resistance to safety valve venting and vibration. By setting up a pressure-directed safety valve venting module and a tension-directed vibration-resistant module, the damper can withstand the continuous thrust caused by safety valve venting in the pressure direction, while simultaneously providing vibration resistance in the tension direction. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic-resistant damper in the existing technology; Figure 2 Diagram showing the normally open state of the overflow valve in an existing seismic damper. Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the closed state of the overflow valve in an existing seismic damper. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure-resistant safety valve exhaust damper in the prior art; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the normally open state of the overflow valve in the venting damper of a pressure-resistant safety valve in the prior art; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the closed state of the overflow valve in the venting damper of a pressure-resistant safety valve in the prior art; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a tension safety valve exhaust type damper in the prior art; Figure 8 Diagram showing the normally open state of the overflow valve in the exhaust type damper of the tensile safety valve in the prior art; Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the closed state of the overflow valve in a tensile safety valve exhaust damper in the prior art; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to the present invention; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief valve exhaust module; Figure 12 This is a structural diagram showing the tension towards the seismic-resistant module; Figure 13 Diagram showing the normally open state of the overflow valve in the pressure relief valve exhaust module; Figure 14 Diagram showing the closed state of the overflow valve in the pressure relief valve exhaust module; Figure 15 Diagram showing the normally open state of the overflow valve in the seismic-resistant module; Figure 16 This is a diagram showing the closed state of the overflow valve in the seismic-resistant module.
[0017] in: Cylinder block 1, return piston 2, oil reservoir 3, rear cylinder head 4, front cylinder head 5, return spring 6, piston rod 7, piston block 8, first oil passage 9, through hole 10, second oil passage 11, third oil passage 12, pressure-oriented safety valve exhaust module 13, pull-oriented anti-vibration module 14, oil level indicator sleeve 15, oil plug 16. First valve sleeve 131, first valve core 132, first spring 133, first damping hole 134, retaining ring 135; Second valve sleeve 141, second valve core 142, second spring 143, second damping hole 144, third damping hole 145. Detailed Implementation
[0018] like Figures 10 to 16As shown, a damper in this embodiment that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve exhaust and anti-vibration includes a cylinder 1, a return piston 2, and an oil reservoir 3 arranged sequentially from the inside out. A rear cylinder head 4 is provided at the rear end of the cylinder 1, and a front cylinder head 5 is provided at the front end. The two ends of the oil reservoir 3 are sealed and fixedly connected to the rear cylinder head 4 and the front cylinder head 5, respectively. The return piston 2 is slidably and sealed to both the oil reservoir 3 and the cylinder 1. The return piston 2 is elastically connected to the front cylinder head 5. Specifically, the return piston 2 is connected to the front cylinder head 5 via a return spring 6. A piston rod 7 is movably inserted through the front cylinder head 5. A piston block 8 is provided inside the cylinder 1, and the piston block 8 is fixedly disposed at one end of the piston rod 7. A first oil passage 9 is provided on the rear cylinder head 4. The cylinder body 1 is provided with a through hole 10, which is located on the side of the piston block 8 near the rear cylinder head 4. The oil return piston 2 is located on the side of the through hole 10 near the piston block 8. The internal cavity of the cylinder body 1, the first oil passage 9, the through hole 10 and the internal cavity of the oil reservoir 3 are connected in sequence. The cavity between the piston block 8 and the rear cylinder head 4 in the cylinder body 1 is the rodless cavity, and the cavity between the piston block 8 and the front cylinder head 5 in the cylinder body 1 is the rod cavity. The piston block 8 is provided with a second oil passage 11, and the piston rod 7 is provided with a third oil passage 12. The rod cavity and the rodless cavity are connected through the second oil passage 11 and the third oil passage 12. The first oil passage 9 is provided with a pressure-oriented safety valve exhaust module 13, and the third oil passage 12 is provided with a tension-oriented anti-vibration module 14. The outer wall of the oil storage tank 3 is movably fitted with an oil level indicator sleeve 15 in the front-to-back direction, and the oil level indicator sleeve 15 is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod 7 away from the piston block 8. The oil storage tank 3 is provided with an oil filling hole, and an oil plug 16 is provided on the oil filling hole; The pressure-directed safety valve exhaust module 13 includes a first valve sleeve 131. A first valve core 132 is provided at the inner end of the first valve sleeve 131 near the piston rod 7. The first valve core 132 is elastically connected to the first valve sleeve 131 through a first spring 133. A plurality of first damping holes 134 are provided on the first valve core 132, and the plurality of first damping holes 134 are circumferentially distributed. A retaining ring 135 is fixedly provided on the side of the rear cylinder head 4 near the front cylinder head 5. The retaining ring 135 abuts against the side of the first valve core 132 near the front cylinder head 5. The retaining ring 135 prevents the first valve core 132 from falling out of the first valve sleeve 131, thus achieving a limiting effect. In fact, the first valve sleeve 131, the first valve core 132 and the first spring 133 combine to form an overflow valve. When the safety valve exhausts and generates a continuous thrust, the hydraulic oil pressure triggers the first valve core 132 to close, the oil circuit is cut off instantly, and the damper movement speed drops to ≤1mm / min, forming rigid protection for the equipment and pipeline. The anti-vibration module 14 includes a second valve sleeve 141, with a second valve core 142 at both ends inside the second valve sleeve 141. The two second valve cores 142 are symmetrically arranged along the distribution direction of the rear cylinder head 4 and the piston rod 7. A second spring 143 is provided between the two second valve cores 142, with both ends of the second spring 143 connected to the second valve core 142. Multiple second damping holes 144 are provided on both second valve cores 142. The multiple second damping holes 144 on the same second valve core 142 are circumferentially distributed. A third damping hole 145 is provided on the second valve core 142 away from the rear cylinder head 4. The third damping hole 145 is arranged opposite to the second valve core 142 near the front cylinder head 5. In fact, the second valve sleeve 141, the second spring 143 and the two second valve cores 142 are combined to form an integrated valve structure of throttle valve and relief valve. Under seismic conditions, after the lateral load triggers the relief valve to lock, the hydraulic oil only flows through the throttle valve. By selecting a slender orifice type damping orifice, the damper moves at a controllable speed of 30-120mm / min, generating a stable damping force and realizing flexible seismic buffering. The length and diameter of the first damping hole 134 are equal to the length and diameter of the second damping hole 144, respectively. The length of the third damping hole 145 is greater than the length of the second damping hole 144, and the diameter of the third damping hole 145 is smaller than the diameter of the second damping hole 144. That is, the first damping hole 134 and the second damping hole 144 are short and coarse holes, and the third damping hole 145 is a long and slender hole. Pressure-direction relief valve: Based on the working principle of "relief valve normally open-closed", the valve core spring preload and valve core are optimized, and a short orifice is designed; When fluid passes through a short, coarse orifice, the flow rate is mainly determined by the interfacial agent at the orifice and the pressure difference across it, as shown in the formula: ; in: The flow coefficient for short orifices is typically 0.6-0.8, and needs to be determined based on the orifice shape. The cross-sectional area of the short, thick hole , The diameter of the short, coarse hole; The pressure difference before and after the short, coarse orifice; For fluid density; Integrated valve structure design: A creative integrated valve structure is used in the pull direction, combining an overflow valve and a throttle valve, designed using the formula: Qtotal = Q1 + Q2 The calculation formula for Q1 is the same as that for the pressure-direction relief valve. When fluid passes through a narrow orifice, the flow resistance is dominated by viscous friction, as shown in the formula: ; in: The diameter of the slender hole; The pressure difference across the narrow orifice; The dynamic viscosity of the fluid; The length of the slender hole; In addition, the valve group status, damper motion characteristics, and protection effect under different operating conditions are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1: Damper Operating Condition Adaptability Table
[0019] This invention achieves a dual-function integration of "safety valve venting + vibration resistance" through structural integration and precise valve body control. Compared with traditional solutions, it reduces space occupation by 40% and operation and maintenance costs by 30%, and can be widely used in scenarios with stringent safety protection requirements, such as nuclear power plants and large industrial pipelines.
[0020] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve exhaust and anti-vibration, comprising a cylinder (1), a return piston (2), and an oil reservoir (3) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. A rear cylinder head (4) is provided at the rear end of the cylinder (1), and a front cylinder head (5) is provided at the front end of the cylinder (1). The two ends of the oil reservoir (3) are sealed and fixedly connected to the rear cylinder head (4) and the front cylinder head (5), respectively. The return piston (2) is slidably and sealedly connected to the oil reservoir (3) and the cylinder (1), respectively. The return piston (2) is elastically connected to the front cylinder head (5). A piston rod (7) is movably inserted through the front cylinder head (5). A piston block (8) is provided inside the cylinder (1), and the piston block (8) is fixedly installed. At one end of the piston rod (7), a first oil passage (9) is provided on the rear cylinder head (4), and a through hole (10) is provided on the cylinder body (1). The inner cavity of the cylinder body (1), the first oil passage (9), the through hole (10), and the inner cavity of the oil reservoir (3) are sequentially connected. The cavity in the cylinder body (1) between the piston block (8) and the rear cylinder head (4) is the rodless cavity, and the cavity in the cylinder body (1) between the piston block (8) and the front cylinder head (5) is the rod cavity. A second oil passage (11) is provided on the piston block (8), and a third oil passage (12) is provided on the piston rod (7). The rod cavity and the rodless cavity are connected through the second oil passage (11) and the third oil passage (12). The characteristic is that: The first oil passage (9) is equipped with a pressure-oriented safety valve exhaust module (13), and the third oil passage (12) is equipped with a pull-oriented anti-vibration module (14). The pressure-directed safety valve exhaust module (13) includes a first valve sleeve (131), and a first valve core (132) is provided at the inner end of the first valve sleeve (131) near the piston rod (7). The first valve core (132) is elastically connected to the first valve sleeve (131) through a first spring (133), and a plurality of first damping holes (134) are provided on the first valve core (132). The pull-to-shock-resistant module (14) includes a second valve sleeve (141), and a second valve core (142) is provided at both ends of the second valve sleeve (141). The two second valve cores (142) are symmetrically arranged along the distribution direction of the rear cylinder head (4) and the piston rod (7). A second spring (143) is provided between the two second valve cores (142). Both ends of the second spring (143) are connected to the second valve cores (142). Multiple second damping holes (144) are provided on both second valve cores (142). A third damping hole (145) is provided on the second valve core (142) away from the rear cylinder head (4).
2. The damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole (10) is located on the side of the piston block (8) near the rear cylinder head (4), and the oil return piston (2) is located on the side of the through hole (10) near the piston block (8).
3. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The return piston (2) is connected to the front cylinder head (5) via the return spring (6).
4. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the oil storage tank (3) is movably fitted with an oil level indicator sleeve (15) in the front-to-back direction. The oil level indicator sleeve (15) is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod (7) away from the piston block (8).
5. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length and diameter of the first damping orifice (134) are equal to the length and diameter of the second damping orifice (144).
6. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the third damping hole (145) is greater than the length of the second damping hole (144), and the diameter of the third damping hole (145) is smaller than the diameter of the second damping hole (144).
7. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple first damping holes (134) are circumferentially distributed, and multiple second damping holes (144) on the same second valve core (142) are circumferentially distributed.
8. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third damping hole (145) is arranged opposite to the second valve core (142) near the front cylinder head (5).
9. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil storage tank (3) is provided with an oil filling hole, and an oil plug (16) is provided on the oil filling hole.
10. A damper that simultaneously achieves anti-safety valve venting and anti-vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining ring (135) is fixedly provided on the side of the rear cylinder head (4) near the front cylinder head (5), and the retaining ring (135) abuts against the side of the first valve core (132) near the front cylinder head (5).