Roughness measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of roughness measurement, and discloses a roughness measuring device and a roughness measuring method.The roughness measuring device comprises a tool module, a measuring module and a motion control module, the tool module is used for positioning and fixing a workpiece, the measuring module comprises a first driving mechanism, a mounting base, a measuring instrument and a camera, the mounting base is arranged on the first driving mechanism, and the measuring instrument is arranged on the mounting base; the camera and the measuring instrument are arranged on the mounting base, the measuring instrument comprises a contact pin used for making contact with a workpiece in the second direction, the first driving mechanism is used for driving the mounting base to move in the first direction so that the measuring instrument can measure the workpiece, the camera faces the first direction and is used for collecting images of the workpiece, and the motion control module comprises a second driving mechanism and a third driving mechanism. The second driving device is used for driving the tool module and the measuring module to move relatively in the second direction, and the third driving device is used for driving the tool module and the measuring module to move relatively in the third direction. The accuracy of movement control of the contact pin can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of roughness measurement technology, specifically to roughness measuring devices and methods. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of precision machinery manufacturing and quality inspection, workpiece surface roughness is an important indicator for measuring machining quality, directly affecting the assembly performance, wear resistance, and service life of products. With the continuous improvement of industrial automation, higher requirements are being placed on the efficiency, accuracy, and intelligence of roughness measurement.

[0003] The relevant technology uses the stylus method to perform contact-based surface roughness measurement of workpieces. However, the movement control of the stylus is not precise enough, which can easily lead to problems such as excessive contact force or inaccurate contact position. If the force is too great, it can easily damage the stylus and also cause measurement errors. For parts with curved contact surfaces, inaccurate contact position can easily lead to unstable measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a roughness measuring device and method to solve the problem of insufficient precision in stylus movement control.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a roughness measuring device having a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that are mutually perpendicular to each other, including a tooling module, a measuring module, and a motion control module. The tooling module is used to position and fix a workpiece. The measuring module includes a first driving mechanism, a mounting base, a measuring instrument, and a camera. The mounting base is disposed on the first driving mechanism, and the camera and the measuring instrument are disposed on the mounting base. The measuring instrument includes a stylus for contacting the workpiece in the second direction. The first driving mechanism is used to drive the mounting base to move in the first direction so that the measuring instrument measures the workpiece. The camera faces the first direction and is used to acquire an image of the workpiece. The motion control module includes a second driving mechanism and a third driving mechanism. The second driving mechanism is used to drive the tooling module and the measuring module to move relative to each other in the second direction, and the third driving mechanism is used to drive the tooling module and the measuring module to move relative to each other in the third direction.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The motion control module can drive the stylus to contact the part of the workpiece to be measured. By using a camera to collect and monitor images of the workpiece, the coordinate position of the part to be measured can be accurately analyzed, and the real-time distance between the part to be measured and the stylus can be determined. This allows for accurate control of the stylus's movement, improving the precision of the stylus's movement control. It enables the stylus to contact the part to be measured at an appropriate speed and stop in time after contact, avoiding problems caused by excessive contact force or inaccurate contact position.

[0007] In one optional implementation, the tooling module is disposed on the second drive mechanism, and the measuring module is disposed on the third drive mechanism.

[0008] Beneficial effects: By arranging the second and third drive mechanisms separately, the motion of the tooling module in the second direction and the motion of the measurement module in the third direction can be carried out in parallel without affecting each other. At the same time, it also reduces the inertial force of the tooling module when moving in the second direction and the inertial force of the measurement module when moving in the third direction, which helps to control the motion of the tooling module and the measurement module more sensitively.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the measuring module further includes an air blowing head with a nozzle facing the stylus for blowing the workpiece and the part of the stylus to be measured.

[0010] Beneficial effects: Cleaning the area to be tested helps with image acquisition and analysis by the camera, and also helps avoid interference from contaminants in roughness measurement.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, the nozzle is tilted in the second direction.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By arranging the nozzles at an angle, it is possible to prevent the airflow from carrying away pollutants and rebounding onto the surfaces of the blower head and stylus, thereby improving the reliability of purging.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the tooling module includes a V-block, a clamping block, and a fourth drive mechanism, wherein the V-block and the clamping block are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction, and the fourth drive mechanism is used to drive the V-block and the clamping block to move relative to each other in the second direction.

[0014] Beneficial effects: For workpieces with a circular outer contour, the V-block and clamping block can reliably clamp and fix the workpiece, and center the workpiece in the third direction, which helps to adjust the relative position of the workpiece and the stylus in the third direction more quickly in the subsequent third direction.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the tooling module further includes a plurality of buffer blocks, which are respectively disposed on the V-shaped block and the clamping block for contacting the workpiece, and the material of the buffer blocks is a self-lubricating plastic material.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Using self-lubricating materials can reduce frictional resistance with the workpiece, and using plastic materials can reduce the hardness of the buffer block, thereby avoiding damage to the surface of the workpiece during clamping.

[0017] Secondly, this application also provides a measurement method using the roughness measuring device provided in this application, comprising: placing the workpiece on the tooling module; moving the measuring module in a first direction to a pre-configured reference plane; acquiring a real-time image captured by the camera, determining the focal plane of the workpiece and the position of the surface to be measured; moving the measuring module in the first direction to the detection plane of the workpiece, and recalibrating the focal length of the camera; aligning the stylus with the portion to be measured on the surface to be measured in a third direction according to the real-time image; and abutting the stylus against the portion to be measured in a second direction according to the real-time image; and measuring the workpiece.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By calibrating the camera's focal length, clear real-time images can be obtained, thereby more accurately determining the position of the part to be measured and its distance from the measurement module. This allows for precise control of the stylus's movement, improving the accuracy of stylus movement control. The stylus can then contact the part to be measured at an appropriate speed and stop promptly after contact, avoiding problems caused by excessive contact force or inaccurate contact position.

[0019] In one optional implementation, the step of causing the stylus to abut against the test site in the second direction based on the real-time image includes: determining the real-time distance between the stylus and the test site in the second direction based on the real-time image; when the real-time distance is greater than a pre-configured first distance, causing the stylus to approach the test site at a pre-configured first speed; when the real-time distance is less than or equal to the first distance and greater than a pre-configured second distance, causing the stylus to approach the test site at a pre-configured second speed; and when the real-time distance is less than or equal to the second distance, causing the stylus to approach the test site at a pre-configured third speed; wherein the third speed is less than the second speed, and the second speed is less than the first speed.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Using the first speed when the distance to the test area is far away and using the first speed when the distance to the test area is close can ensure that the contact force of the stylus does not exceed the preset range while taking into account the efficiency of the measurement method. Furthermore, by using the second speed as a transition, the safety when approaching the test area can be further improved.

[0021] In one optional implementation, acquiring the real-time image captured by the camera and determining the position of the focus plane of the workpiece and the surface to be measured includes: adjusting the focus parameters of the camera and inputting the real-time image into a pre-configured focus evaluation function until the output result of the focus evaluation function reaches its maximum value; calculating the coordinate position of the focus plane based on the coordinates of the reference plane and the current focus parameters; and fitting the contour curve of the surface to be measured based on the real-time image.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By using the focus evaluation function, the focusing effect can be improved, thereby more accurately determining the relative positional relationship between the workpiece and the reference plane in the first direction, and improving the quality of the real-time images acquired by the camera.

[0023] In one optional implementation, the measurement of the workpiece includes: moving the stylus a pre-configured first distance in the first direction to acquire raw surface contour data; removing data located at the beginning and end of the raw surface contour data and within a pre-configured second distance range to obtain first processed data; filtering the first processed data using a pre-configured filtering algorithm to obtain second processed data; and calculating the roughness of the workpiece based on the second processed data.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By removing the first and last data and filtering, disturbances and noise in the original surface profile data can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of roughness measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a roughness measuring device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial isometric schematic diagram of the surface roughness measuring device shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the installation method of the tooling module of the roughness measuring device; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the installation method of the measurement module of the roughness measuring device; Figure 5 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the roughness measuring instrument shown.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Tooling module; 101. V-block; 102. Clamping block; 103. Fourth drive mechanism; 104. Buffer block; 2. Measuring module; 201. First drive mechanism; 202. Mounting base; 2021. First mounting plate; 2022. Second mounting plate; 203. Measuring instrument; 2031. Stylus; 2032. Button; 2033. Display screen; 204. Camera; 205. Air blower; 301. Second drive mechanism; 302. Third drive mechanism; 4. Manual air gun; 5. Frame; 501. Casters; 502. Support base; 503. Positioning pin; 504. Cabinet; 505. Opening and closing door; 6. Barcode scanner; 9. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "an," and "comprising" as used herein may also mean including the plural forms. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The following is combined Figures 1 to 5 This describes an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 According to an embodiment of this application, a roughness measuring device is provided, having a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that are mutually perpendicular to each other. It includes a tooling module 1, a measuring module 2, and a motion control module. The tooling module 1 is used to position and fix a workpiece 9. The measuring module 2 includes a first drive mechanism 201, a mounting base 202, a measuring instrument 203, and a camera 204. The mounting base 202 is disposed on the first drive mechanism 201, and the camera 204 and the measuring instrument 203 are disposed on the mounting base 202. The measuring instrument 203 includes a stylus 2031 for contacting the workpiece 9 in the second direction. The first drive mechanism 201 is used to drive the mounting base 202 to move in the first direction so that the measuring instrument 203 measures the workpiece 9. The camera 204 faces the first direction and is used to acquire an image of the workpiece 9. The motion control module includes a second drive mechanism 301 and a third drive mechanism 302. The second drive mechanism is used to drive the tooling module 1 and the measuring module 2 to move relative to each other in the second direction, and the third drive mechanism is used to drive the tooling module 1 and the measuring module 2 to move relative to each other in the third direction.

[0033] Specifically, in Figure 1 , Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the first direction corresponds to the up-down direction, the second direction corresponds to the front-back direction, and the third direction corresponds to the left-right direction. In other embodiments not shown, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction may also adopt other correspondences, and this application does not limit them.

[0034] The motion control module drives the stylus 2031 to contact the part to be measured on the workpiece 9. The first drive mechanism 201 drives the stylus 2031 to slide across the workpiece 9 along a first direction, thereby detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece 9. By using the camera 204 to acquire and monitor images of the workpiece 9, the coordinate position of the part to be measured can be accurately analyzed, and the real-time distance between the part to be measured and the stylus 2031 can be determined. This allows for accurate control of the movement of the stylus 2031, improving the precision of its movement control. The stylus 2031 can then contact the part to be measured at an appropriate speed and stop promptly after contact, avoiding problems caused by excessive contact force or inaccurate contact position.

[0035] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the tooling module 1 is disposed on the second drive mechanism 301, and the measuring module 2 is disposed on the third drive mechanism 302. By arranging the second drive mechanism 301 and the third drive mechanism 302 separately, the movement of the tooling module 1 in the second direction and the movement of the measuring module 2 in the third direction can be carried out in parallel without affecting each other. At the same time, the inertial force of the tooling module 1 during movement in the second direction and the inertial force of the measuring module 2 during movement in the third direction are reduced, which helps to control the movement of the tooling module 1 and the measuring module 2 more sensitively and avoid problems caused by excessive contact force or inaccurate contact position.

[0036] And, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second drive mechanism 301 and the third drive mechanism 302 can be linear modules, thereby further improving the control accuracy of the tooling module 1 and the measurement module 2.

[0037] Of course, in other embodiments not shown, the second drive mechanism 301 and the third drive mechanism 302 can also be configured in other ways. For example, the fixture can remain stationary, the third drive mechanism 302 can be disposed on the second drive mechanism 301, and the measuring module 2 can be disposed on the third drive mechanism 302, so that the motion control module abuts against the workpiece 9 by driving the measuring module 2 to move in the second and third directions. Other feasible configurations will not be described further here.

[0038] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the measurement module 2 further includes an air blowing head 205, which has a nozzle facing the stylus 2031, for blowing away the workpiece 9 and the area to be measured on the stylus 2031. Cleaning the area to be measured helps with image acquisition and analysis by the camera 204, and also helps to avoid contaminants interfering with the roughness measurement.

[0039] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the nozzle is tilted in a second direction. By tilting the nozzle, it is possible to prevent the airflow from carrying blown-away contaminants back onto the surfaces of the blow head 205 and the stylus 2031, thereby improving the reliability of the purging.

[0040] In addition to the air blowing head 205, in some embodiments, the roughness measuring device also includes a manual air gun 4, which can be used by the operator to perform large-scale air blowing cleaning on the tooling module 1 and the measuring module 2 to further remove contaminants that may interfere with the measurement results.

[0041] Optionally, refer to Figure 4In some embodiments, the mounting base 202 includes a first mounting plate 2021 and a second mounting plate 2022 spaced apart in a second direction. The measuring instrument 203 is disposed on the first mounting plate 2021, and the camera 204 is disposed on the second mounting plate 2022, so that the two are staggered from each other in the second direction to avoid the measuring instrument 203 obstructing the field of view of the camera 204. The blowing head 205 is disposed on the measuring instrument 203 and close to the stylus 2031 to obtain a better blowing effect.

[0042] In some embodiments, the measuring instrument 203 further includes buttons 2032 and a display screen 2033 for configuring and monitoring relevant parameters of the measuring instrument 203.

[0043] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the tooling module 1 includes a V-block 101, a clamping block 102, and a fourth drive mechanism 103. The V-block 101 and the clamping block 102 are arranged opposite to each other in a second direction, and the fourth drive mechanism 103 is used to drive the V-block 101 and the clamping block 102 to move relative to each other in the second direction. For a workpiece 9 with a circular outer contour (e.g., a guide sleeve), the V-block 101 and the clamping block 102 can reliably clamp and fix the workpiece 9, and center the workpiece 9 in a third direction, which helps to adjust the relative position of the workpiece 9 and the stylus 2031 more quickly in the third direction.

[0044] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the tooling module 1 further includes multiple buffer blocks 104, which are respectively disposed on the V-shaped block 101 and the clamping block 102 for contacting the workpiece 9. The material of the buffer blocks 104 is a self-lubricating plastic material. Using a self-lubricating material can reduce the frictional resistance with the workpiece 9, and using a plastic material can reduce the hardness of the buffer blocks 104, thereby avoiding damage to the surface of the workpiece 9 during the clamping process.

[0045] For example, PEEK can be used as a self-lubricating plastic material. Other available self-lubricating plastic materials can be found in related technologies and will not be described further here.

[0046] Optionally, the V-block 101, clamping block 102, and buffer block 104 can be installed and positioned based on the positioning rule of one side and two pins, so as to facilitate quick replacement and adapt to different workpieces 9. In addition, the number of tooling modules 1 can be multiple, thereby improving the compatibility with workpieces 9.

[0047] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 In some embodiments, the roughness measuring device further includes a frame 5, on which the tooling module 1, the measuring module 2 and the motion control module are disposed.

[0048] Specifically, the frame 5 may further include casters 501, support base 502, positioning pin 503, cabinet 504, and switch door 505. The cabinet 504 has a cavity for housing the control system and data processing system for the roughness measuring device. The switch door 505 is located in the cabinet 504 and is used to open or close the cavity. The casters 501, support base 502, and positioning pin 503 are located at the bottom of the cabinet 504 and are used for positioning and installing the frame 5 on the ground.

[0049] According to an embodiment of this application, another aspect provides a measurement method using the roughness measuring device provided in this application, comprising the following steps: Step S101: Place workpiece 9 on tooling module 1.

[0050] Optionally, the workpiece 9 is placed manually, and the workpiece 9 is pushed towards the V-block 101 for clamping using the clamping block 102. The workpiece 9 can be placed between the V-block 101 and the clamping block 102 on the side close to the V-block 101, thereby reducing the risk of wear on the bottom of the workpiece 9 due to translation during the clamping process.

[0051] Step S102: The measurement module 2 moves to the pre-configured reference plane in the first direction.

[0052] The reference plane is set according to the specifications of the workpiece 9 (e.g., guide sleeve) measured by the roughness measuring device. It can be understood that the roughness measuring device will be calibrated before operation to determine several coordinate points of the measuring module 2. "Move to the pre-configured reference plane" means that the selected coordinate point (e.g., the center coordinate point of the measuring module 2) reaches the reference plane.

[0053] In this case, the measurement module 2 is offset from the workpiece 9 in the first direction so that the camera 204 can move to a suitable position facing the workpiece 9 in the second and third directions for subsequent image taking and focusing.

[0054] Step S103: Acquire the real-time image captured by camera 204 to determine the focal plane of workpiece 9 and the position of the surface to be measured.

[0055] Specifically, the focusing plane refers to the plane on the workpiece 9 that is perpendicular to the first direction and used for focusing by the camera 204, for example... Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the upper end face of the guide sleeve, the surface to be measured refers to the surface on the workpiece 9 facing the second direction that needs to be roughened, such as the inner wall surface of the guide sleeve. The real-time image of the camera 204 can be used to calculate the focal plane and the relative positional relationship between the surface to be measured and the camera 204. Based on the coordinate points of the measurement module 2, the coordinate data of the focal plane and the surface to be measured can be obtained, thereby determining the position of the focal plane and the surface to be measured.

[0056] Step S104: The measurement module 2 moves to the detection plane of the workpiece 9 in the first direction and recalibrates the focal length of the camera 204.

[0057] The detection plane refers to the initial plane where the stylus 2031 is located during measurement. After determining the position, the measurement module 2 needs to move so that the stylus 2031 is within the range of the surface to be measured in the first direction, and the stylus 2031 is away from the edge of the surface to be measured in the first direction (in... Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the focal plane has sufficient measurement travel, therefore the detection plane for this measurement needs to be determined based on the focal plane and the reference plane. After the measurement module 2 moves, the distance between the camera 204 and the focal plane changes, therefore the focal length of the camera 204 needs to be recalibrated to ensure that the image is clear and accurate.

[0058] Step S105: Based on the real-time image, align the stylus 2031 with the part to be measured on the surface to be measured in the third direction.

[0059] Step S106: Based on the real-time image, make the stylus 2031 abut against the receiving part in the second direction.

[0060] Step S107: Measure the workpiece 9.

[0061] By calibrating the focal length of the camera 204, a clear real-time image can be obtained, thereby more accurately determining the position of the part to be measured and its distance from the measurement module 2. This allows for precise control of the movement of the stylus 2031, improving the accuracy of the stylus 2031's movement control. The stylus 2031 can then contact the part to be measured at an appropriate speed and stop promptly after contact, avoiding problems caused by excessive contact force or inaccurate contact position.

[0062] Optionally, in some embodiments, step S105 includes: Step S1051: Determine the real-time distance between the stylus 2031 and the part to be measured in the second direction based on the real-time image.

[0063] Step S1052: When the real-time distance is greater than the pre-configured first distance, make the stylus 2031 approach the part to be measured at the pre-configured first speed.

[0064] Step S1053: When the real-time distance is less than or equal to the first distance and greater than the pre-configured second distance, the stylus 2031 is brought closer to the part to be measured at the pre-configured second speed.

[0065] Step S1054: When the real-time distance is less than or equal to the second distance, the stylus 2031 is brought closer to the part to be measured at a pre-configured third speed; wherein the third speed is less than the second speed, and the second speed is less than the first speed.

[0066] Using the first speed when the distance to the part to be measured is far away and using the first speed when the distance to the part to be measured is close to ensure that the contact force of the stylus 2031 does not exceed the preset range while taking into account the implementation efficiency of the measurement method. Furthermore, by using the second speed as a transition, the safety when approaching the part to be measured can be further improved.

[0067] Optionally, in some embodiments, step S103 includes: Step S1031: Adjust the focus parameters of camera 204 and input the real-time image into the pre-configured focus evaluation function until the output of the focus evaluation function reaches its maximum value.

[0068] Step S1032: Calculate the coordinate position of the focusing plane based on the coordinates of the reference plane and the current focusing parameters.

[0069] Step S1033: Based on the real-time image, fit the contour curve of the surface to be tested.

[0070] By using the focus evaluation function, the focusing effect can be improved, thereby more accurately determining the relative positional relationship between the workpiece 9 and the reference plane in the first direction, and improving the quality of the real-time image acquired by the camera 204.

[0071] Optionally, in some embodiments, step S107 includes: Step S1071: The stylus 2031 moves a pre-configured first distance in the first direction to acquire the raw data of the collected surface contour.

[0072] Step S1072: Remove the data located at the beginning and end of the original surface profile data and within the pre-configured second distance range to obtain the first processed data.

[0073] Step S1073: Filter the first processed data using a pre-configured filtering algorithm to obtain the second processed data.

[0074] Step S1074: Calculate the surface roughness of workpiece 9 based on the second processing data.

[0075] By removing the first and last data points and filtering, disturbances and noise in the original surface profile data can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of roughness measurement.

[0076] This application also provides another measurement method suitable for roughness measurement of guide sleeves, including the following steps: Step S201: The operator manually places the workpiece 9 into the tooling module 1, ensuring that the reference end face of the guide sleeve (the end face used as the reference during processing) faces downward and contacts the tooling module 1 for positioning. Then, the operator reads the QR code information of the workpiece 9 through the barcode scanner 6. Then, the fourth drive mechanism 103 drives the clamping block 102 to push the workpiece 9 against the V-block 101 to effectively fix the workpiece 9.

[0077] Step S202: The measuring module 2 moves the camera 204 to the reference plane, and the second drive mechanism 301 and the third drive mechanism 302 drive the camera 204 to be precisely positioned directly above the workpiece 9.

[0078] Specifically, the camera 204 has a resolution of 5 megapixels, a pixel size of 2.2μm × 2.2μm, and a frame rate of 30fps.

[0079] Step S203: Camera 204 takes a picture of workpiece 9 and uses a sharpness evaluation function based on the Laplacian operator to perform template convolution on the real-time image to obtain the high-frequency components of the real-time image. The high-frequency components are used as the sharpness evaluation standard of the real-time image. The optimal focusing effect is determined by the peak search algorithm, thereby calculating the position of the focusing plane and obtaining the position of the surface to be measured based on the real-time image at this time.

[0080] Step S204: The first drive mechanism 201 moves the stylus 2031 into the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and drives the air blowing head 205 to blow air to clean the inner wall surface, removing surface oil stains to avoid affecting measurement accuracy.

[0081] Specifically, the nozzle diameter is 2mm, the air source pressure is 0.4±0.05MPa, and the blowing angle is 45°±5° inclined relative to the surface to be measured; the measuring range of the probe is Ra0.05μm~10μm, the measuring force is 0.75±0.25mN, and the probe material is diamond.

[0082] Step S205: The stylus 2031 is precisely positioned to the part to be measured on the inner wall surface by the second drive mechanism 301 and the third drive mechanism 302. The positioning process adopts a three-stage deceleration control strategy. In the coarse positioning stage, it approaches quickly at a speed of 100 mm / s. In the fine positioning stage, it slows down to 20 mm / s for fine position adjustment. Finally, in the contact stage, it completes safe contact between the stylus 2031 and the part to be measured at a speed of 2 mm / s.

[0083] Step S206: The stylus 2031 moves upward according to the standard of sampling length 0.8mm and evaluation length 4mm to collect data. The filter cutoff wavelength is set to 0.8mm. The data processing system collects measurement data in real time, performs digital processing and storage.

[0084] Specifically, the data processing system integrates a QR code recognition unit, a parameter setting unit, a program debugging unit, and an alarm level determination unit. The QR code recognition unit recognizes the QR codes scanned by the barcode scanner 6 and supports QR codes and Data Matrix codes. The parameter setting unit provides a threshold setting interface for different roughness parameters (such as Ra, Rz, and Rq). The program debugging unit supports a mixed programming mode of ladder diagrams and structured text. The alarm level determination unit has real-time data trend display and historical data tracing functions.

[0085] The data processing system preprocesses the received raw surface profile data, including removing the first and last 0.2mm transition segments to eliminate dynamic disturbances during the contact and disengagement of the stylus 2031. Subsequently, a Gaussian filtering algorithm is applied to separate the profile data. The filter cutoff wavelength is set to 0.8mm based on the nominal size and manufacturing requirements of the guide sleeve, and the filter order is second-order. The resulting centerline profile after filtering is the roughness profile R. Based on this profile, the data processing system calculates the roughness parameters, where the arithmetic mean deviation Ra is the arithmetic mean of the absolute values ​​of the profile deviation points; the maximum profile height Rz is the maximum vertical distance between the profile peak and valley; and the root mean square deviation Rq is the square root of the average of the squares of the profile deviation points.

[0086] Step S207: Based on the pre-configured parameter thresholds, determine the pass / fail status of workpiece 9. If workpiece 9 fails to pass the test, an alarm will be triggered, and the degree of failure of the parameters will be visually indicated by red, yellow and green indicator lights. At the same time, the complete test results will be recorded to the database.

[0087] Specifically, after the calculation is completed, the alarm classification unit initiates a query request to the associated database based on the identification code of the workpiece 9 obtained by the barcode scanner 6, to obtain the roughness parameter tolerance range corresponding to the batch of guide sleeves. The data processing system compares the calculated value with the tolerance range item by item. If all roughness parameters meet the requirements, the product is judged as qualified; if any parameter exceeds the tolerance, the product is judged as unqualified. The classification result, original contour data, calculated parameters, and identification code are encapsulated into data records and written to the database. The data processing system establishes an association mapping between data records and identification codes to achieve full-process quality traceability. The process capability index is calculated through the statistical analysis module to provide a data foundation for process optimization.

[0088] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. A roughness measuring device, characterized in that, Having a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction that are mutually perpendicular to each other, including: Tooling module (1) is used to position and fix the workpiece (9); The measurement module (2) includes a first drive mechanism (201), a mounting base (202), a measuring instrument (203), and a camera (204). The mounting base (202) is disposed on the first drive mechanism (201), and the camera (204) and the measuring instrument (203) are disposed on the mounting base (202). The measuring instrument (203) includes a stylus (2031) for contacting the workpiece (9) in a second direction. The first drive mechanism (201) is used to drive the mounting base (202) to move in the first direction so that the measuring instrument (203) measures the workpiece (9). The camera (204) is oriented in the first direction and is used to acquire an image of the workpiece (9). The motion control module includes a second drive mechanism (301) and a third drive mechanism (302). The second drive mechanism is used to drive the tooling module (1) and the measuring module (2) to move relative to each other in the second direction, and the third drive mechanism is used to drive the tooling module (1) and the measuring module (2) to move relative to each other in the third direction.

2. The roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling module (1) is located on the second drive mechanism (301), and the measuring module (2) is located on the third drive mechanism (302).

3. The roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement module (2) also includes an air blowing head (205), which has a nozzle facing the stylus (2031) and is used to blow the workpiece (9) and the part of the stylus (2031) to be measured.

4. The roughness measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nozzle is inclined in the second direction.

5. The roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling module (1) includes a V-block (101), a clamping block (102) and a fourth drive mechanism (103). The V-block (101) and the clamping block (102) are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction. The fourth drive mechanism (103) is used to drive the V-block (101) and the clamping block (102) to move relative to each other in the second direction.

6. The roughness measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tooling module (1) also includes multiple buffer blocks (104), which are respectively disposed on the V-shaped block (101) and the clamping block (102) for contacting the workpiece (9). The material of the buffer block (104) is a self-lubricating plastic material.

7. A measurement method, characterized in that, The measurement method uses the roughness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the measurement method includes: The workpiece (9) is placed in the tooling module (1); The measurement module (2) moves to a pre-configured reference plane in the first direction; Acquire the real-time image captured by the camera (204) to determine the focal plane of the workpiece (9) and the position of the surface to be measured; The measuring module (2) moves in the first direction to the detection plane of the workpiece (9) and recalibrates the focal length of the camera (204); Based on the real-time image, the stylus (2031) is aligned with the portion of the surface to be tested on the third-party surface. Based on the real-time image, the stylus (2031) is brought into contact with the part to be tested in the second direction; The workpiece (9) is measured.

8. The measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of causing the stylus (2031) to abut against the part to be tested in the second direction based on the real-time image includes: Based on the real-time image, determine the real-time distance between the stylus (2031) and the part to be measured in the second direction; When the real-time distance is greater than the preset first distance, the stylus (2031) is brought closer to the part to be measured at the preset first speed; When the real-time distance is less than or equal to the first distance and greater than the pre-configured second distance, the stylus (2031) is moved closer to the part to be measured at a pre-configured second speed; When the real-time distance is less than or equal to the second distance, the stylus (2031) is moved closer to the part to be measured at a pre-configured third speed; The third speed is less than the second speed, and the second speed is less than the first speed.

9. The measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of acquiring the real-time image captured by the camera (204) and determining the position of the focal plane of the workpiece (9) and the surface to be measured includes: Adjust the focus parameters of the camera (204) and input the real-time image into the pre-configured focus evaluation function until the output of the focus evaluation function reaches the maximum value; Calculate the coordinate position of the focusing plane based on the coordinates of the reference plane and the current focusing parameters; Based on the real-time image, the contour curve of the surface to be tested is fitted.

10. The measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measurement of the workpiece (9) includes: The stylus (2031) moves a pre-configured first distance in the first direction to acquire the collected raw surface contour data; Remove the beginning and end of the original surface contour data and the data within a pre-configured second distance range to obtain the first processed data; The first processed data is filtered using a pre-configured filtering algorithm to obtain the second processed data; The roughness of the workpiece (9) is calculated based on the second processed data.

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