Grouting fullness measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a grouting fullness measuring device which comprises a sleeve body, an annular ultrasonic sensor array and a resistance chromatography detection electrode are attached to the outer portion of the sleeve body in a lossless mode, and data are obtained through pressure and flow detection assemblies arranged on a special hole site of the sleeve and a grout inlet pipeline. And the data processing module collects multi-source heterogeneous data such as sound, electricity, force and fluid, and through mutual verification among multi-source detection parameters, an abnormal grouting state caused by unsmooth exhaust or local blockage can be identified, so that quantitative evaluation on the grouting fullness of the sleeve is realized. According to the method, the limitation of a single detection technology is overcome, a detection blind area is eliminated, and quantitative and high-precision nondestructive monitoring of the whole grouting process of the assembly type sleeve is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building construction testing technology, and specifically discloses a grouting fullness measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] In prefabricated buildings, the fullness of the grouting connection of the rebar sleeves directly affects the safety and stability of the structure. However, most existing testing methods are based on a single physical parameter, which has obvious limitations.

[0003] For example, the pre-embedded sensor method can cause irreversible implantation damage to the structure and is difficult to represent the overall filling situation; conventional external non-destructive testing (such as traditional ultrasonic testing) is limited by the sleeve wall thickness and the acoustic characteristics of multiphase media, resulting in low detection accuracy and difficulty in quantitative evaluation; although industrial CT technology has high accuracy, the equipment is expensive and bulky, and cannot meet the needs of full inspection on the construction site; and the process monitoring method that relies solely on flow meters or vent observation is affected by factors such as slurry fluidity and shrinkage, making it difficult to truly reflect the final fullness of the sleeve.

[0004] Existing technologies lack a mechanism to effectively integrate dynamic and static parameters of the construction process and to conduct comprehensive and quantitative evaluation based on multi-source heterogeneous sensor data. As a result, the accuracy, reliability, and spatial resolution of the detection are generally insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a grout fullness measuring device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a grouting fullness measuring device, comprising: The sleeve body has a slurry inlet and an exhaust outlet on its side wall; A ring-shaped ultrasonic sensor array, comprising multiple ultrasonic sensors, is attached and fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve body for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals to detect the state of the medium inside the sleeve body. The resistivity tomography detection electrode is fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve body to form a ring electrode array structure, which is used to obtain the conductivity distribution information inside the sleeve body. A pressure detection assembly includes a flexible pressure diaphragm and a pressure sensor; the flexible pressure diaphragm is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve body to directly withstand fluid pressure, and the pressure sensor is disposed on the outside of the sleeve body and rigidly connected to the flexible pressure diaphragm through an interface to convert mechanical deformation into an electrical signal. A flow detection device is installed on the grouting pipeline connected to the grout inlet to detect the instantaneous flow rate data of the grouting material; The data processing module is communicatively connected to the output signal terminals of the annular ultrasonic sensor array, the pressure sensor, the flow detection device, and the resistivity tomography detection electrode, respectively. The data processing module is configured to: reconstruct the conductivity distribution inside the sleeve body based on the boundary voltage data obtained by the resistivity tomography detection electrode and a preset sensitivity matrix, and obtain conductivity distribution parameters. The ultrasonic testing parameters, conductivity distribution parameters, pressure testing parameters, and flow testing parameters are correlated and fused to construct a grouting fullness evaluation model for integrating multi-source testing parameters.

[0007] Furthermore, the annular ultrasonic sensor array is provided in multiple sets along the axial direction of the sleeve body, respectively located in the lower region, middle region and upper region of the sleeve body.

[0008] Furthermore, the flexible pressure membrane is sealed and embedded in the pressure testing hole reserved on one side of the slurry inlet, so that its inner surface is flush with or slightly recessed with the inner wall of the sleeve body.

[0009] Furthermore, the data processing module integrates a data acquisition unit, which injects a weak, high-frequency constant alternating current into a pair of adjacent resistivity tomography detection electrodes, and uses the remaining adjacent electrode pairs that have not been injected with current to sequentially measure the boundary voltage signals at their ends.

[0010] Furthermore, after receiving the complete boundary voltage measurement vector, the data processing module combines the injected current distribution and the preset sensitivity matrix, and uses an iterative reconstruction algorithm to solve a nonlinear inverse problem to obtain the conductivity distribution parameters inside the sleeve body.

[0011] Furthermore, the flow detection device is an electromagnetic flow meter or an external clamp-on ultrasonic flow meter; the data processing module receives the instantaneous flow data and performs time integration calculation to calculate the cumulative total injection volume within the sleeve body node, and uses it as the flow detection parameter.

[0012] Furthermore, the data processing module integrates a data acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, a data fusion calculation unit, and a three-dimensional reconstruction module; wherein, the output of the data acquisition unit is connected to the input of the signal processing unit, and the output of the signal processing unit is connected in parallel to the inputs of the data fusion calculation unit and the three-dimensional reconstruction module.

[0013] Furthermore, the data processing module calculates the grouting fullness using a multi-source data fusion algorithm.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an alarm module and a wireless communication module that are connected to the data fusion computing unit; when the data processing module determines that the overall grouting fullness has reached the set qualified threshold and no obvious low conductivity or acoustic impedance abnormal area is detected, the alarm module issues an audible and visual alarm prompt, and the system sends a shutdown interlock command to the grouting pump through the wireless communication module.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer side of the sleeve body is equipped with multiple axially arranged annular ultrasonic sensor arrays and circumferentially distributed resistive tomography detection electrodes to form a three-dimensional detection matrix that combines axial multi-layer coverage and circumferential wrapping, thereby eliminating the detection blind zone inside the sleeve body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By integrating multi-source heterogeneous data such as sound, electricity, force, and fluid, this application effectively overcomes the limitations of single detection technology. It not only eliminates detection blind spots and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of sleeve grouting fullness detection, but also helps to identify abnormal grouting states caused by poor air venting or local blockage through mutual verification between multi-source detection parameters, thereby realizing a quantitative evaluation of sleeve grouting fullness.

[0017] This application also provides a grout fullness measuring device, which includes: The sleeve body has a slurry inlet and an exhaust outlet on its side wall; A ring-shaped ultrasonic sensor array, comprising multiple ultrasonic sensors, is attached and fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve body for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals to detect the state of the medium inside the sleeve body. The resistivity tomography detection electrode is fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve body to form a ring electrode array structure, which is used to obtain the conductivity distribution information inside the sleeve body. The data processing module is communicatively connected to the output signal terminals of the annular ultrasonic sensor array and the resistivity tomography detection electrode, respectively. The annular ultrasonic sensor array is arranged in multiple sets along the axial direction of the sleeve body, respectively located in the lower region, middle region and upper region of the sleeve body, forming an axial multi-layer detection section to eliminate axial detection blind zone; Each group of the annular ultrasonic sensor array consists of multiple ultrasonic sensors evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve body, and the resistivity tomography detection electrodes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve body, forming a circumferentially encircling detection structure to eliminate circumferential detection blind spots. The data processing module is configured to perform correlation and fusion processing on the detection results of two different physical mechanisms based on the ultrasonic detection parameters obtained by the annular ultrasonic sensor array and the conductivity distribution parameters obtained by the resistivity tomography detection electrode, so as to eliminate the defect types that cannot be effectively detected by a sensor with a single physical mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes: a pressure detection component, which includes a flexible pressure diaphragm and a pressure sensor; the flexible pressure diaphragm is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve body to directly withstand fluid pressure; the pressure sensor is disposed on the outside of the sleeve body and is rigidly connected to the flexible pressure diaphragm through an interface to convert mechanical deformation into an electrical signal; A flow detection device is installed on the grouting pipeline connected to the grout inlet to detect the instantaneous flow rate data of the grouting material; The data processing module is also communicatively connected to the output signal terminals of the pressure detection component and the flow detection device.

[0019] Furthermore, the data processing module is configured as follows: The cumulative injection volume obtained by the flow detection device is correlated with the internal pressure change curve obtained by the pressure detection component to identify the vent blockage or slurry leakage status.

[0020] Furthermore, the data processing module integrates a three-dimensional reconstruction module. The three-dimensional reconstruction module reconstructs the conductivity distribution based on the boundary voltage data obtained by the resistance tomography detection electrode and renders a three-dimensional spatial image of the medium inside the sleeve body to eliminate the blind spot in the location information of defects.

[0021] Furthermore, among the multiple sets of the annular ultrasonic sensor array arranged along the axial direction, the annular ultrasonic sensor array located in the lower region is used to detect the grout filling status in the initial stage of grouting, the annular ultrasonic sensor array located in the middle region is used to detect the position of the grout climbing the liquid surface during the grouting process, and the annular ultrasonic sensor array located in the upper region is used to detect whether the grout has completely filled to the vicinity of the vent at the end of the grouting period.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: Because sensors based on different physical mechanisms exhibit varying sensitivities to different types of defects—for example, acoustically based ultrasonic sensors are sensitive to large cavities but have weak detection capabilities for microbubble clusters or attached bubbles; while electrically based resistive tomography sensors are sensitive to localized changes in conductivity and can effectively identify microbubble clusters and attached bubbles, but their boundary localization accuracy for large cavities is relatively low—this application cross-validates the detection results from two different physical mechanisms, making them complementary. This eliminates defect types that sensors based on a single physical mechanism cannot effectively detect, achieving comprehensive coverage of various types of defects inside the sleeve. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the pressure detection component of this application on the sleeve body.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the resistivity tomography detection electrode on the sleeve body.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control logic principle of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] This invention provides a grout fullness measuring device, which can detect the grouting status inside the sleeve in real time during the grouting construction process, and identify whether there are voids, ungrouted areas or trapped air bubbles inside the sleeve through a variety of detection technologies, thereby significantly improving the reliability of the connection quality detection of prefabricated building structures and reducing potential engineering quality hazards.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5The grout fullness measuring device of the present invention mainly includes a sleeve body 1, a connecting steel bar 2, an ultrasonic sensor 3, a ring ultrasonic sensor array 4, a pressure detection component 5, a grouting pipeline 8, a flow detection device 9, a data processing module 10, a resistivity tomography detection electrode 11, an electrode array support ring 12, a wireless communication module 13, an alarm module 14, a power supply module 15, a data acquisition unit 16, a signal processing unit 17, a data fusion calculation unit 18, a display terminal 19, and a three-dimensional reconstruction module 20. The pressure detection component 5 includes a flexible pressure membrane 6 and a pressure sensor 7.

[0031] In this embodiment, the sleeve body 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, preferably made of high-strength alloy steel or structural steel, to ensure that the sleeve body 1 has sufficient strength and rigidity when bearing the connecting force of the reinforcing bars. A grouting cavity is formed inside the sleeve body 1 to accommodate the grouting material and enclose the connecting reinforcing bars 2. Reinforcing bar insertion holes are provided at both ends of the sleeve body 1 for inserting the connecting reinforcing bars 2. During construction, the connecting reinforcing bars 2 are inserted from both ends of the sleeve body, forming a butt joint structure inside the sleeve. A grout inlet 1a and an vent 1b are provided on the side wall of the sleeve body 1. The grout inlet 1a is connected to the grouting pipeline 8 for supplying grouting material into the sleeve body 1, while the vent 1b is used to expel air or excess grout from inside the sleeve during the grouting process, thereby ensuring that the inside of the sleeve is completely filled with grouting material.

[0032] During actual construction, the grouting material is delivered to the grouting pipeline 8 by the grouting pump and enters the sleeve body 1 through the grout inlet 1a. As the grouting material continuously fills the internal space of the sleeve body 1, the original air inside the sleeve body 1 is gradually squeezed out and discharged through the exhaust port 1b, thereby forming a complete steel reinforcement grouting connection structure.

[0033] To ensure the reliability of the connection structure, it is necessary to ensure that the internal space of the sleeve body 1 is completely filled with grouting material. Therefore, the grouting construction process must be monitored in real time.

[0034] To achieve real-time monitoring of the grouting status inside the sleeve, this invention includes a ring-shaped ultrasonic sensor array 4 on the outer side of the sleeve body 1. The ring-shaped ultrasonic sensor array 4 consists of multiple ultrasonic sensors 3, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the sleeve body 1, forming a closed ring detection structure. Each ultrasonic sensor 3 can both transmit ultrasonic signals into the sleeve body 1 and receive ultrasonic signals reflected back from inside the sleeve body 1. When ultrasonic waves propagate inside the sleeve body 1, they pass sequentially through the reinforcing bars, grouting material, and any air pockets. Due to the significant differences in acoustic impedance between different media, the propagation speed and reflection characteristics of ultrasonic waves vary considerably in different media. When air voids or ungrouted areas exist inside the sleeve body 1, the medium in the ultrasonic wave propagation path changes, resulting in significant changes in propagation time and signal amplitude. By analyzing the ultrasonic wave propagation time and echo signal amplitude, it is possible to determine whether ungrouted areas or voids exist inside the sleeve body 1.

[0035] To further improve detection accuracy, multiple annular ultrasonic sensor arrays 4 are arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve body in this embodiment. Preferably, three annular ultrasonic sensor arrays 4 are arranged, located in the lower, middle, and upper regions of the sleeve body 1, respectively. Each annular ultrasonic sensor array 4 consists of multiple ultrasonic sensors 3, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve body 1. Through this multi-layer detection structure, grouting status information at different heights inside the sleeve can be obtained, thereby avoiding detection blind spots that may occur with a single detection section.

[0036] It should be noted that the ultrasonic sensor 3 and the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4 composed of it are both disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve body 1. In a preferred embodiment, the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4 is fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve body 1 by an adjustable quick-release component 21. The quick-release component 21 can be implemented as an annular clamp or a high-strength magnetic base (when the sleeve is made of ferromagnetic material). After the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4 is fixed, an appropriate amount of ultrasonic coupling agent can be applied between the sensor probe of the ultrasonic sensor 3 and the outer wall of the sleeve body 1 to ensure effective transmission of acoustic signals. Since the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4 is completely independent of the grouting cavity inside the sleeve body 1 and does not come into direct contact with the cement-based grouting material, after the grouting fullness test of a single node is completed and the grout reaches the initial setting state, the construction personnel can disassemble and recycle the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4 without damage by loosening the quick-release annular clamp or removing the magnetic base, and transfer it to the next sleeve to be tested for continued use, thereby greatly reducing the hardware cost of large-scale testing.

[0037] Furthermore, refer to Figure 3The pressure detection component 5 includes a flexible pressure diaphragm 6 and a pressure sensor 7. The flexible pressure diaphragm 6, as a front-end mechanical deformation element that directly senses the grouting pressure, is directly connected to the grouting cavity inside the sleeve body 1 during installation. Preferably, the flexible pressure diaphragm 6 is sealed and embedded in a dedicated pressure testing hole 1c reserved on the side of the grout inlet 1a on the side wall of the sleeve body 1, so that its inner surface is flush with or slightly recessed from the inner wall of the sleeve body 1, to directly withstand the increased fluid pressure as the grout level rises. The pressure sensor 7, as an electronic component for signal conversion and transmission, is located outside the sleeve body 1 and is rigidly connected to the outer side of the flexible pressure diaphragm 6 via a threaded interface or quick-release buckle, converting the minute mechanical deformation of the flexible pressure diaphragm 6 into an electrical signal output in real time.

[0038] After the grouting construction and testing loop is completed, as the high-strength grout inside the sleeve body 1 gradually hardens, the flexible pressure membrane 6 will adhere tightly to the hardened grout. Forcibly peeling it off will cause damage to the grout interface or seal failure. Therefore, in this invention, the flexible pressure membrane 6 is designed as a low-cost disposable consumable, permanently remaining in the pressure measuring hole of the sleeve after construction. The external pressure sensor 7 can be completely disassembled and recycled by unscrewing the threads or unfastening the clips after the power is cut off.

[0039] Furthermore, the signal output terminals of the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4, pressure sensor 7, flow detection device 9, and resistivity tomography detection electrode 11 are electrically connected to the respective data input terminals of the data acquisition unit 16 via shielded anti-interference cables or wireless sensor nodes. The data acquisition unit 16, signal processing unit 17, data fusion calculation unit 18, and 3D reconstruction module 20 are highly integrated within the data processing module 10. Specifically, the output terminal of the data acquisition unit 16 is connected to the input terminal of the signal processing unit 17 (for data filtering and analog-to-digital conversion); the output terminal of the signal processing unit 17 is connected in parallel to the input terminals of the data fusion calculation unit 18 and the 3D reconstruction module 20, respectively, to simultaneously perform saturation value fusion and image reconstruction of the physical field inside the sleeve. The combined output terminal of the data fusion calculation unit 18 and the 3D reconstruction module 20 is communicatively connected to the alarm module 14, display terminal 19, and wireless communication module 13, respectively. When insufficient grouting or reaching a preset threshold is detected, the alarm module 14 is triggered to issue an audible and visual alarm; the reconstructed 3D image and real-time data are transmitted to the display terminal 19 for visualization; simultaneously, the detection log is uploaded to the cloud server or remote engineering command center in real time via the wireless communication module 13. The power output terminal of the power module 15 is electrically connected to the power input terminals of the ring ultrasonic sensor array 4, pressure sensor 7, flow detection device 9, resistivity tomography detection electrode 11, data processing module 10 (including data acquisition unit 16, signal processing unit 17, data fusion calculation unit 18 and 3D reconstruction module 20), wireless communication module 13, alarm module 14 and display terminal 19 via the power bus, providing a stable and continuous operating voltage for the entire monitoring system.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 To further improve the reliability of the detection system, this invention provides a resistance tomography (RTG) detection structure on the outer side of the sleeve body 1. The RTG detection structure includes multiple RTG detection electrodes 11 and an electrode array support ring 12. The multiple RTG detection electrodes 11 are uniformly distributed circumferentially along the sleeve body 1 and fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve body 1 by the electrode array support ring 12, thereby forming a ring-shaped electrode array structure. The RTG detection technology obtains the conductivity distribution information inside the sleeve body 1 by applying a weak current between different electrodes and detecting the voltage change between each electrode. Since the grouting material has a certain degree of conductivity, while air is essentially non-conductive, the conductivity distribution will change significantly when air voids exist inside the sleeve body 1.

[0041] The data processing module 10 reconstructs the internal conductivity distribution of the sleeve body 1 based on the electrode detection data using a resistivity tomography algorithm. The reconstruction algorithm can employ a linear back-projection algorithm or an iterative reconstruction algorithm, and its expression is as follows: ;

[0042] Where: σ represents the conductivity distribution matrix, characterizing the spatial conductivity of the measured medium; J represents the sensitivity matrix, used to describe the sensitivity of conductivity changes to boundary voltage response; V represents the voltage measurement vector, composed of potential difference data measured by the electrode array; λ represents the regularization parameter, used to stabilize the inverse problem solution process and suppress noise influence; where T represents the transpose operation, and I is the identity matrix matching the dimension of the sensitivity matrix; the algorithm can generate the conductivity distribution map inside the sleeve body 1, thereby determining whether there are void regions inside the sleeve body 1.

[0043] To further explain the working mechanism of the resistivity tomography detection electrode 11 and data processing module 10 in this invention, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the resistivity tomography imaging principle.

[0044] On the outer surface of the sleeve body 1, several equally spaced circumferentially distributed resistivity tomography detection electrodes 11 are fixed by the electrode array support ring 12. During actual testing, the data acquisition unit 16 operates in a cyclic mode of "adjacent excitation-adjacent measurement". Specifically, the system first injects a high-frequency, weak, constant alternating current into an adjacent pair of electrodes (e.g., electrodes 1 and 2) to avoid electrode polarization effects. Simultaneously, it uses the remaining adjacent electrode pairs (e.g., electrodes 3 and 4, 4 and 5, etc.) that have not received current injection to sequentially measure the potential difference (i.e., boundary voltage signal) across them. After completing one measurement, the excitation electrode pair is switched clockwise or counterclockwise to the next pair (e.g., electrodes 2 and 3), and the voltage measurement process is repeated until all adjacent electrode pairs have been excited once, thereby obtaining a complete set of boundary voltage data for the sleeve cross-section. Because the grouting material (mainly cement-based grout) contains a large number of free ions, it has good conductivity in the un-solidified and initial-setting stages, while air pores or gaps caused by water seepage are essentially non-conductive (exhibiting extremely high impedance). After receiving the complete set of boundary voltage measurement vectors V, the data processing module 10 combines the known injection current distribution with the preset sensitivity matrix J and uses an iterative reconstruction algorithm with regularization parameter λ to solve the nonlinear inverse problem.

[0045] Using this algorithm, the system can calculate the conductivity distribution matrix of each discrete grid inside the sleeve in real time. Finally, the 3D reconstruction module 20 renders and generates a pseudo-color image of the conductivity cross-section of the medium inside the sleeve body 1. In this image, high conductivity areas represent areas with full grouting, while low conductivity abnormal areas intuitively and accurately map the spatial location and size of air cavities, bubble clusters, or ungrouted defects, thereby achieving high-precision 3D spatial positioning of defects inside the sleeve.

[0046] To further monitor pressure changes during the grouting process, this invention also includes a pressure detection component 5. When the grouting material enters the sleeve, the grout pressure acts on the flexible pressure membrane 6, causing it to deform slightly. The pressure sensor 7 detects this deformation and converts it into an electrical signal, thereby obtaining information on the grouting pressure changes inside the sleeve. As the grouting material continuously fills the internal space of the sleeve, the internal pressure gradually increases. By monitoring the pressure change curve, it can be determined whether the grouting material has successfully filled the internal space of the sleeve.

[0047] During the grouting process, the flow detection device 9 is used to detect the flow rate of the grouting material in the grouting pipeline 8. By integrating the flow rate data over time, the total injected volume of the grouting material can be calculated. ; where: Q total q(t) represents the total grouting volume; q(t) represents the instantaneous flow rate.

[0048] In this invention, the data processing module 10 calculates the grouting fullness using a multi-source data fusion algorithm: Where: F represents grout fullness; U represents ultrasonic testing parameters; R represents electrical conductivity distribution parameters; P represents pressure testing parameters; and Q represents flow rate testing parameters.

[0049] α, β, γ, and δ represent the weighting coefficients of the four detection parameters in the multi-source data fusion model. The specific values ​​of the weighting coefficients α, β, γ, and δ can be obtained from a large amount of field grouting test data.

[0050] Ultrasonic detection parameter U: captured by the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4 attached to the sleeve body 1, specifically the acoustic characteristic quantity extracted based on the propagation time of the sound wave in the medium and the echo amplitude; The conductivity distribution parameter R is obtained by the resistivity tomography detection electrode 11 fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve body 1, specifically the conductivity distribution characteristic value calculated based on the boundary voltage measurement value and the iterative reconstruction algorithm. Pressure detection parameter P: obtained by the pressure detection component 5 installed at the pressure measuring hole position 1c on the inner wall of the sleeve body 1, specifically the internal pressure value of the electrical signal after the mechanical deformation of the flexible pressure diaphragm 6 is converted by the pressure sensor 7. Flow detection parameter Q: is obtained by the flow detection device 9 connected to the grouting pipe 8, specifically the cumulative total grouting injection volume obtained by integrating the instantaneous flow data over time.

[0051] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the flow detection device 9 uses an electromagnetic flowmeter or a clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter without flow obstruction components. When an electromagnetic flowmeter is selected, due to the abundant moisture and free ions in the grouting material, which has good conductivity, the electromagnetic flowmeter can precisely cut magnetic field lines and measure the instantaneous flow velocity of the grout. When a clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter is selected, its probe is directly bound or clamped to the outer wall of the grouting pipeline 8, realizing non-contact measurement of the grout flow rate in the pipeline, further reducing the difficulty of equipment cleaning and the wear rate. In actual grouting operations, the flow detection device 9 acquires the instantaneous flow data in the grouting pipeline 8 in real time at a millisecond-level sampling frequency, and converts the data into a standard electrical signal and continuously sends it to the data acquisition unit 16. After receiving the data, the data fusion calculation unit 18 performs high-precision time integration calculations on it, thereby obtaining the cumulative total injection volume in the current sleeve node in real time, and substituting this volume value as the key flow parameter Q into the comprehensive fullness evaluation model.

[0052] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 In order to ensure the efficient application of the device of the present invention in actual prefabricated building construction sites, the specific operation process of the device is further explained in detail in combination with actual working conditions.

[0053] The first step is to install the sleeve body 1, which is pre-integrated with the annular ultrasonic sensor array 4, pressure detection component 5 and resistivity tomography detection electrode 11, at the designated node before the precast wall panel or column is hoisted into place, and to ensure that the upper and lower connecting steel bars 2 are accurately inserted into the docking position inside the sleeve.

[0054] In the second step, the construction personnel connect the grouting pipe 8 to the grout inlet 1a of the sleeve body 1, and connect the communication cables of each sensor to the data acquisition unit 16. After turning on the power module 15, the system automatically executes the initialization calibration program, measures and records the background noise of the ultrasonic environment, the initial impedance of the electrodes, and the reference internal pressure of the flexible pressure membrane in the current idle state, to ensure that each multi-source sensor is in normal condition and there is no signal drift.

[0055] The third step is to start the grouting pump and inject the prepared grouting material into the sleeve body 1 at a uniform speed through the grout inlet 1a. At the same time, the flow detection device 9 starts to monitor the instantaneous flow rate in real time and calculate the time integral.

[0056] In the fourth step, during the dynamic process of the slurry filling the sleeve cavity from bottom to top, the ring ultrasonic sensor array 4 at each level continuously transmits and receives ultrasonic waves to capture changes in acoustic impedance, the resistivity tomography detection electrode 11 performs high-frequency cyclic scanning of the cross-sectional conductivity, and the pressure sensor 7 synchronously senses the microscopic deformation of the flexible pressure membrane 6 to monitor the nonlinear gradient of the internal pressure.

[0057] In the fifth step, the data fusion calculation unit 18 inputs the collected ultrasonic parameters U, resistivity tomography parameters R, pressure parameters P, and flow rate parameters Q into the multi-source fusion algorithm model to calculate the comprehensive grouting fullness F at the current moment in real time. Simultaneously, the display terminal 19, through the three-dimensional reconstruction module 20, dynamically visualizes the three-dimensional distribution and evolution of the grout climbing the liquid surface inside the sleeve and the hidden air bubbles / pores within.

[0058] Step 6: When the data fusion calculation unit 18 determines that the grout fullness F has reached the set qualified threshold (e.g., above 99%), and no obvious areas of low conductivity or abnormal acoustic impedance are detected, the alarm module 14 issues clear visual and audible prompts (such as a constantly lit green light and a buzzer sound). Preferably, the system can send a shutdown interlock command to the remote grouting pump via the wireless communication module 13, and the construction personnel will then seal the grout inlet 1a and the exhaust outlet 1b, thereby completing the intelligent grouting and quality inspection closed-loop operation of this node.

[0059] In summary, this invention simultaneously collects and comprehensively calculates multi-dimensional data such as ultrasonic waves, resistivity tomography, pressure, and flow rate. Through a real-time cross-validation mechanism, it effectively eliminates misjudgments caused by interference from the field environment from a single sensor, achieving highly accurate real-time assessment of grout fullness. This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional detection methods that rely solely on static acoustic and electrical characteristics, incorporating fluid dynamic parameters (flow rate integral volume) and mechanical parameters (internal pressure measured by the flexible membrane) into a fusion algorithm. By deeply integrating process dynamic parameters with result static parameters, it can accurately distinguish between normal pressure rise caused by genuine fullness and false pressure buildup caused by vent blockage, fundamentally eliminating potential engineering hazards.

[0060] In terms of electrical detection depth, this invention abandons the traditional single-point threshold qualitative alarm and introduces electrical resistance tomography (ERT) technology. By using a ring electrode array for high-frequency measurement and solving a nonlinear inverse problem, the spatial distribution matrix of the dielectric conductivity is directly calculated. This technology can accurately locate and image pores, bubble clusters, or leaking gaps in three-dimensional space. In terms of spatial layout, this invention sets closed ring ultrasonic sensor arrays in the lower, middle, and upper regions of the sleeve, combined with circumferentially distributed electrodes, forming a three-dimensional matrix of "axial multi-layer coverage + circumferential surround." This high-density arrangement completely eliminates detection blind spots inside complex cavities, ensuring comprehensive capture of minute defects such as wall-attached bubbles and irregular dead-angle voids, greatly improving the reliability of structural connection quality inspection.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grout fullness measuring device, characterized in that, include: The sleeve body has a slurry inlet and an exhaust outlet on its side wall; A ring-shaped ultrasonic sensor array, comprising multiple ultrasonic sensors, is attached and fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve body for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals to detect the state of the medium inside the sleeve body. The resistivity tomography detection electrode is fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve body to form a ring electrode array structure, which is used to obtain the conductivity distribution information inside the sleeve body. A pressure detection assembly includes a flexible pressure diaphragm and a pressure sensor; the flexible pressure diaphragm is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve body to directly withstand fluid pressure, and the pressure sensor is disposed on the outside of the sleeve body and rigidly connected to the flexible pressure diaphragm through an interface to convert mechanical deformation into an electrical signal. A flow detection device is installed on the grouting pipeline connected to the grout inlet to detect the instantaneous flow rate data of the grouting material; The data processing module is communicatively connected to the output signal terminals of the annular ultrasonic sensor array, the pressure sensor, the flow detection device, and the resistivity tomography detection electrode, respectively. The data processing module is configured to: reconstruct the conductivity distribution inside the sleeve body based on the boundary voltage data obtained by the resistivity tomography detection electrode and a preset sensitivity matrix, and obtain conductivity distribution parameters. The ultrasonic testing parameters, conductivity distribution parameters, pressure testing parameters, and flow testing parameters are correlated and fused to construct a grouting fullness evaluation model for integrating multi-source testing parameters.

2. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular ultrasonic sensor array is arranged in multiple sets along the axial direction of the sleeve body, respectively located in the lower region, middle region and upper region of the sleeve body.

3. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible pressure diaphragm is embedded in the pressure testing hole reserved on one side of the slurry inlet, so that its inner surface is flush with or slightly recessed with the inner wall of the sleeve body.

4. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module integrates a data acquisition unit, which injects a weak, high-frequency constant alternating current into a pair of adjacent resistivity tomography detection electrodes, and uses the remaining adjacent electrode pairs that have not been injected with current to measure the boundary voltage signals at their ends in sequence.

5. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, After receiving the complete boundary voltage measurement vector, the data processing module combines the injected current distribution and the preset sensitivity matrix, and uses an iterative reconstruction algorithm to solve a nonlinear inverse problem to obtain the conductivity distribution parameters inside the sleeve body.

6. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow detection device is an electromagnetic flow meter or an external clamp-on ultrasonic flow meter; the data processing module receives the instantaneous flow data and performs time integration calculation to calculate the cumulative total injection volume within the sleeve body node, and uses it as the flow detection parameter.

7. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module integrates a data acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, a data fusion calculation unit, and a three-dimensional reconstruction module. The output of the data acquisition unit is connected to the input of the signal processing unit, and the output of the signal processing unit is connected in parallel to the inputs of the data fusion calculation unit and the three-dimensional reconstruction module.

8. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data processing module calculates the grouting fullness using a multi-source data fusion algorithm.

9. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm module and a wireless communication module that are connected to the data fusion computing unit. When the data processing module determines that the overall grouting fullness has reached the set qualified threshold and no obvious low conductivity or acoustic impedance abnormal area is detected, the alarm module issues an audible and visual alarm, and the system sends a shutdown interlock command to the grouting pump through the wireless communication module.

10. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the sleeve body is equipped with multiple axially arranged annular ultrasonic sensor arrays and circumferentially distributed resistive tomography detection electrodes to form a three-dimensional detection matrix that combines axial multi-layer coverage and circumferential wrapping, thereby eliminating detection blind spots inside the sleeve body.

11. A grout fullness measuring device, characterized in that, include: The sleeve body has a slurry inlet and an exhaust outlet on its side wall; A ring-shaped ultrasonic sensor array, comprising multiple ultrasonic sensors, is attached and fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve body for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals to detect the state of the medium inside the sleeve body. The resistivity tomography detection electrode is fixed on the outer surface of the sleeve body to form a ring electrode array structure, which is used to obtain the conductivity distribution information inside the sleeve body. The data processing module is communicatively connected to the output signal terminals of the annular ultrasonic sensor array and the resistivity tomography detection electrode, respectively. The annular ultrasonic sensor array is arranged in multiple sets along the axial direction of the sleeve body, respectively located in the lower region, middle region and upper region of the sleeve body, forming an axial multi-layer detection section to eliminate axial detection blind zone; Each group of the annular ultrasonic sensor array consists of multiple ultrasonic sensors evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve body, and the resistivity tomography detection electrodes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve body, forming a circumferentially encircling detection structure to eliminate circumferential detection blind spots. The data processing module is configured to perform correlation and fusion processing on the detection results of two different physical mechanisms based on the ultrasonic detection parameters obtained by the annular ultrasonic sensor array and the conductivity distribution parameters obtained by the resistivity tomography detection electrode, so as to eliminate the defect types that cannot be effectively detected by a sensor with a single physical mechanism.

12. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 11, characterized in that, Also includes: A pressure detection assembly includes a flexible pressure diaphragm and a pressure sensor; the flexible pressure diaphragm is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve body to directly withstand fluid pressure; the pressure sensor is disposed on the outside of the sleeve body and is rigidly connected to the flexible pressure diaphragm through an interface to convert mechanical deformation into an electrical signal. A flow detection device is installed on the grouting pipeline connected to the grout inlet to detect the instantaneous flow rate data of the grouting material; The data processing module is also communicatively connected to the output signal terminals of the pressure detection component and the flow detection device.

13. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The data processing module is configured as follows: The cumulative injection volume obtained by the flow detection device is correlated with the internal pressure change curve obtained by the pressure detection component to identify the vent blockage or slurry leakage status.

14. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The data processing module integrates a three-dimensional reconstruction module. The three-dimensional reconstruction module reconstructs the conductivity distribution based on the boundary voltage data obtained by the resistance tomography detection electrode and renders a three-dimensional spatial image of the medium inside the sleeve body to eliminate the blind spot in the location information of defects.

15. The grout fullness measuring device according to claim 11, characterized in that, Among the multiple sets of the annular ultrasonic sensor array arranged along the axial direction, the annular ultrasonic sensor array located in the lower region is used to detect the grout filling status in the early stage of grouting, the annular ultrasonic sensor array located in the middle region is used to detect the position of the grout climbing the liquid surface during the grouting process, and the annular ultrasonic sensor array located in the upper region is used to detect whether the grout has completely filled to the vicinity of the vent at the end of the grouting period.

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