Resolution obtaining method, device and equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a resolution acquisition method, device and equipment and a readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: determining a focus CFP gather and a detection point CFP gather based on a Gaussian ray beam; determining a focus focusing beam corresponding to the focus CFP gather; determining a detection focusing beam corresponding to the detection point CFP gather; determining double focusing beams corresponding to the focus focusing beam and the detection focusing beam based on the focus focusing beam and the detection focusing beam; based on the double focusing beams, first resolution and second resolution of the double focusing beams are obtained, the first resolution is the resolution of the double focusing beams in the first preset direction, the second resolution is the resolution of the double focusing beams in the second preset direction, and the double focusing beams corresponding to the seismic focus focusing beam and the detection focusing beam are determined based on the Gaussian ray beam; according to the invention, the realization process of the double focused beams is simplified, the efficiency and precision of realizing the double focused beams are improved, and the efficiency and accuracy of obtaining the first resolution and the second resolution are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of seismic data acquisition for seabed nodes, and relates to a resolution acquisition method, and particularly to a resolution acquisition method, apparatus, device and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In the data acquisition process of the Ocean Bottom Node (OBN) seismic observation system, dual-beam focusing technology is an effective method to improve seismic imaging resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. However, due to the complexity of the seabed environment and the limitations of the nodal seismic instruments themselves, the implementation of dual-beam focusing faces a series of technical challenges. Therefore, simplifying the implementation process of dual-beam focusing and improving the efficiency and accuracy of resolution acquisition has become one of the urgent technical problems to be solved by relevant technical personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a resolution acquisition method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium to address the technical problem that existing seafloor node seismic observation systems lack a mature implementation process for dual-focusing beams and a resolution acquisition method.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a resolution acquisition method, the method comprising: determining a source CFP gather and a detector CFP gather based on a Gaussian ray beam; determining a source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather; determining a detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector CFP gather; determining a dual focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam; and acquiring a first resolution and a second resolution of the dual focusing beam based on the dual focusing beam, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual focusing beam in a second preset direction.

[0005] In one implementation of the first aspect, before determining the source CFP gather, the method further includes: acquiring an observation system and a three-dimensional geological model applied to the observation system; reading the arrangement and coordinate information of shot points and the arrangement and coordinate information of receiver points on the observation system; determining the target layer to be observed and the target points within the target layer in the three-dimensional geological model; and performing dual-focusing analysis on the target points based on the arrangement and coordinate information of the shot points and receiver points to determine the resolution of the observation system at the target points.

[0006] In one implementation of the first aspect, determining the source CFP gather based on Gaussian ray beams includes: determining the ray paths, travel times, and amplitudes of the central ray from all rays originating from the target point to each source; determining the Gaussian energy distribution of each ray as it propagates to the receiving point plane; performing a screening operation on the rays to determine the rays whose distance from the receiving point to the receiving point plane is within a preset half-width range as rays to be superimposed; and performing Gaussian weighted superposition of the rays to be superimposed based on the ray paths, travel times, and amplitudes of the central ray to obtain the source CFP gather.

[0007] In one implementation of the first aspect, determining the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather includes: S41, dividing the target layer into multiple search grid points according to CMP surface elements; S42, sequentially using each of the search grid points as excitation points; S43, performing Gaussian beam forward modeling on the excitation points to obtain the travel time of the i-th detector corresponding to the excitation point, where i is a positive integer; S44, if the ray of the i-th detector is within the integral aperture range of the search grid point corresponding to the excitation point, then starting from the travel time, on the gather corresponding to the i-th detector in the detector point CFP gather, truncating the waveform according to the wavelet length; S45, sequentially processing the remaining... The detector performs steps S43 to S44 to obtain the waveform corresponding to each detector; S46, all the waveforms are superimposed to obtain the imaging path of the search grid point corresponding to the excitation point; S47, according to the arrangement of all the detectors, the offset aperture of each detector to the target layer is determined in sequence, and the offset aperture is used to limit the search range of the search grid point; S48, steps S42 to S47 are performed in sequence on the remaining search grid points to obtain the imaging path corresponding to each search grid point; S49, the superimposed energy of all the imaging paths is determined and the superimposed energy is normalized to obtain the detector focusing beam.

[0008] In one implementation of the first aspect, determining the dual-focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam includes: performing a product operation on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam to obtain a sub-dual-focusing beam; sequentially performing the above product operation on the remaining source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam to obtain the remaining source focusing beam and the sub-dual-focusing beam corresponding to the detector focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam, respectively; and summing all the sub-dual-focusing beams to obtain the dual-focusing beam.

[0009] In one implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the first resolution of the dual-focusing beam includes: extracting a first resolution curve corresponding to the dual-focusing beam in the first preset direction; and obtaining the first resolution based on the first resolution curve.

[0010] In one implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the first resolution based on the first resolution curve includes: determining the focusing main energy width information at a preset position of the main lobe peak on the first resolution curve; and determining the first resolution of the dual focusing beam in the first preset direction based on the focusing main energy width information.

[0011] The resolution acquisition method provided in this application embodiment includes: determining the source CFP gather and the detector CFP gather based on a Gaussian ray beam; determining the source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather; determining the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector CFP gather; determining the dual focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam; and acquiring a first resolution and a second resolution of the dual focusing beam based on the dual focusing beam, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual focusing beam in a second preset direction, through high-resolution X-ray beams. The source CFP gather and receiver CFP gather are obtained using a ray beam, and the source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather and the receiver focusing beam corresponding to the receiver CFP gather are determined. Based on the source focusing beam and the receiver focusing beam, a dual focusing beam is obtained, which simplifies the implementation process of the dual focusing beam and improves the efficiency and accuracy of implementing the dual focusing beam. Based on the rapidly obtained dual focusing beam, the first resolution and the second resolution are obtained, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of obtaining the first resolution and the second resolution. Within a limited time, a large amount of data is provided for the subsequent quantitative analysis of the resolution of the seafloor node seismic observation system based on the first resolution and the second resolution.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a resolution acquisition device, the device comprising: a gather determination module, configured to determine a source CFP gather and a detector CFP gather based on a Gaussian ray beam; a source focusing beam determination module, configured to determine a source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather; a detector focusing beam determination module, configured to determine a detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector CFP gather; a dual focusing beam determination module, configured to determine a dual focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam; and a resolution acquisition module, configured to acquire a first resolution and a second resolution of the dual focusing beam based on the dual focusing beam, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual focusing beam in a second preset direction.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the resolution acquisition method described in any one of the first aspects of embodiments of this application.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, the electronic device including a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to execute the computer program and, when executing the computer program, implement the resolution acquisition method as described in any one of the first aspects of the embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1A(a) shows a schematic diagram of an OBN reflection model in one embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 1A(b) shows a schematic diagram of CFP gather formation of a marine OBN observation system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 1B The flowchart shown is a resolution acquisition method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2A The flowchart shown is a process for another resolution acquisition method in one embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2B The diagram shown is a schematic of an OBN observation system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2C The image shown is a three-dimensional geological model applied to the observation system in one embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3A The flowchart shown is a process for determining the source CFP gather based on Gaussian ray beams in one embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3B The diagram shows the PS wave ray path diagram arranged from the target point to the detector point as provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 3C The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a detector point CFP gather in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 4A The flowchart shown is provided in one embodiment of this application for determining the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather.

[0025] Figure 4B The diagram shown is a schematic of a detector focusing beam provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 4C The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a source focusing beam provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 5A The flowchart shown is a process for determining the dual focusing beams corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 5B This is shown as another flowchart for determining a dual-focusing beam, provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5C The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a dual-focused beam provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6A This is a flowchart illustrating how the first resolution is obtained based on the first resolution curve in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 6B The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a first resolution curve provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 6C The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a second resolution curve provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic of a resolution acquisition device provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Component designation explanation

[0036] Steps S11 to S15

[0037] Steps S21 to S24

[0038] Steps S31 to S34

[0039] Steps S41 to S49

[0040] Steps S51 to S53

[0041] Steps S5a~S5h

[0042] Steps S61 to S62 71. Module for Determining the Way Collection

[0043] 72. Source Focusing Beam Determination Module

[0044] 73 Detector Focusing Beam Determination Module

[0045] 74 Dual-Focusing Beam Determination Module

[0046] 75 resolution acquisition module

[0047] 80 Electronic devices

[0048] 81 processor

[0049] 82 Non-volatile storage media

[0050] 83 System Bus

[0051] 84 internal memory

[0052] 85 Network Interface Detailed Implementation

[0053] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0054] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the shape, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0055] This application provides a resolution acquisition method, which includes: determining a source CFP gather and a receiver CFP gather based on a Gaussian beam; determining a source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather; determining a receiver focusing beam corresponding to the receiver CFP gather; determining a dual-focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam and the receiver focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the receiver focusing beam; and acquiring a first resolution and a second resolution of the dual-focusing beam based on the dual-focusing beam, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a second preset direction. This application addresses the technical problem of the lack of mature resolution acquisition methods in the prior art, improving the efficiency and accuracy of acquiring the first and second resolutions.

[0056] Figure 1A(a) shows a schematic diagram of an OBN reflection model in one embodiment of this application. The propagation and reflection process of seismic waves at a reflection interface in OBN seismic exploration can be defined as the following OBN reflection model (Figure 1A(a)): downward propagation-reflection-upward propagation. The propagation of seismic waves can be described by the following five independent processes: ① source excitation represented by the excitation operator S; ② downward propagation operator W... S ③ The reflection operator R represents the downward propagation of seismic waves; ④ The upward propagation operator W represents the interface reflected P-waves and converted S-waves. D The seismic wave propagates upwards, represented by the acquisition operator D; ⑤ The acquisition by the observation system is represented by the acquisition operator D.

[0057] Figure 1A(b) shows a schematic diagram of CFP gather formation in a marine OBN observation system according to an embodiment of this application. In Figure 1A(b), S(Z0) represents the source operator, D(Z0) represents the detector matrix received at the sea surface z0, D(Z1) represents the detector matrix received at the seabed z1, and R(Z... m S(Z) represents the reflection point operator matrix. m ) indicates at the target point z m Source operators generated by deep excitation, where P represents P-wave, PS represents converted S-wave, and ρ1 and V P1 V s1 ρ2 and V represent the density, P-wave velocity, and S-wave velocity of the first layer below the seabed, respectively. P2 V s2 This indicates the density, P-wave velocity, and S-wave velocity of the second layer below the seabed.

[0058] Based on the schematic diagram of CFP gather formation of the marine OBN observation system in Figure 1A(b), the ray path, travel time, and seismic wave energy distribution within half-width range from the target point to each receiver point can be calculated using the Gaussian ray beam method. Then, the CFP gathers for each receiver point are obtained by weighted superposition using the Gaussian wave packet method. Furthermore, the ray path, travel time, and seismic wave energy distribution within half-width range from the target point to each source can be calculated using the Gaussian ray beam method, and the CFP gathers for each source are obtained by weighted superposition using the Gaussian wave packet method.

[0059] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Figure 1B The flowchart shown is a resolution acquisition method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1B As shown, the resolution acquisition method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps S11 to S15.

[0061] S11, based on Gaussian ray beams, determines the source CFP gather and receiver CFP gather.

[0062] S12, determine the source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather.

[0063] S13, determine the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather.

[0064] S14, Based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam, determine the dual focusing beams corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam.

[0065] S15, based on the dual-focusing beam, obtain the first resolution and the second resolution of the dual-focusing beam, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a second preset direction.

[0066] The first preset direction and the second preset direction are different.

[0067] For example, the first preset direction can be the X-axis direction, and the second preset direction can be the Y-axis direction.

[0068] It should be noted that this application does not limit the specific direction of the first preset direction and the second preset direction. The first preset direction and the second preset direction can also be any other suitable direction, and this application does not limit them.

[0069] The resolution acquisition method provided in this application simplifies the implementation process of dual-focusing beams, improves the efficiency and accuracy of dual-focusing beam implementation, and further improves the efficiency and accuracy of acquiring the first and second resolutions of the dual-focusing beams based on the rapidly acquired dual-focusing beams.

[0070] Figure 2A This is a flowchart illustrating another resolution acquisition method in one embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2A As shown in the embodiments of this application, before determining the source CFP gather, the method further includes the following steps S21 to S24.

[0071] S21, acquire the observation system and the three-dimensional geological model applied to the observation system.

[0072] Specifically, before acquiring the observation system, the objectives and requirements for submarine seismic observation are determined, and an OBN system suitable for the submarine environment is selected based on the objectives and requirements for submarine seismic observation.

[0073] For example, the shot point and OBN point are determined, and the shot point distance and shot line distance corresponding to the shot point, as well as the track distance and receiver line distance corresponding to the OBN, are determined. The observation system is determined based on the shot point distance and shot line distance corresponding to the shot point, as well as the track distance and receiver line distance corresponding to the OBN.

[0074] For example, Figure 2B The diagram shown is a schematic of an OBN observation system in one embodiment of this application, as follows: Figure 2B As shown, the OBN observation system is a 4-line receiver, with a track spacing of 20m, a receiver line spacing of 100m, a shot point spacing of 20m, and a shot line spacing of 100m.

[0075] For example, Figure 2C The image shown is a three-dimensional geological model applied to the observation system in one embodiment of this application, wherein the size of the three-dimensional geological model is 500m×500m×400m.

[0076] It should be noted that the OBN observation system and the three-dimensional geological model applied to the observation system provided in the above embodiments are only for illustrative purposes. In actual applications, other suitable OBN observation systems and three-dimensional geological models applied to the observation systems can be selected according to specific application scenarios. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0077] S22, read the arrangement and coordinate information of the shot points and the arrangement and coordinate information of the receiver points on the observation system. The shot points are the seismic sources.

[0078] S23, determine the target layer to be observed and the target points within the target layer in the three-dimensional geological model.

[0079] For example, in Figure 2C In the three-dimensional geological model, the fourth layer can be identified as the target layer, and the black asterisk with coordinates (250, 250, 400) on the fourth layer can be identified as the target point.

[0080] It should be noted that the above definition of the fourth layer as the target layer and the black asterisk as the target point is merely for illustrative purposes. In practical applications, any other suitable target layer and target point on the corresponding layer can be selected according to the actual application scenario. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0081] S24. Based on the arrangement and coordinate information of the shot points and receiver points, perform dual-focus analysis on the target point to determine the resolution of the observation system at the target point.

[0082] In another resolution acquisition method provided in this application embodiment, an observation system and a three-dimensional geological model applied to the observation system are acquired, and the arrangement and coordinate information of shot points and receiver points are determined respectively. The target layer to be observed and the target points within the target layer are determined in the three-dimensional geological model. This provides an observation system and model basis for subsequent dual-focus analysis of the target points based on the arrangement and coordinate information of the shot points and receiver points to determine the resolution of the observation system at the target points.

[0083] Figure 3A This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the source CFP gather based on a Gaussian ray beam, as shown in one embodiment of this application. Figure 3A As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the process of determining the source CFP gather based on Gaussian ray beams includes the following steps S31 to S34.

[0084] S31, determine the ray path, travel time, and amplitude of the central ray for all rays originating from the target point to each seismic source.

[0085] The travel time is the time it takes for a ray to travel from the target point to the earthquake source.

[0086] For example, in step S31, the ray path, travel time, and amplitude of the central ray from all rays originating from the target point to each seismic source can be determined based on kinematic ray tracing.

[0087] S32, determine the Gaussian energy distribution of each ray as it propagates to the receiving point plane.

[0088] For example, in step S32, the energy Gaussian distribution of each ray as it propagates to the receiving point plane can be determined based on a dynamic ray tracing method.

[0089] S33, perform a screening operation on the rays, and determine the rays that reach the receiving point plane and whose distance from the receiving point is within a preset half-width range as rays to be superimposed.

[0090] The preset half-width can be obtained by R = htan30°, where h is the vertical depth from the target point to the sea surface or seabed.

[0091] For example, if the preset half-width is 20m, then rays that reach the receiving point plane and are less than or equal to 20m from the receiving point are determined as rays to be superimposed.

[0092] For example, the preset half-width of 20m listed in the above embodiments is only for illustrative purposes. In actual applications, other suitable specific values ​​of the preset half-width can be determined according to the vertical depth of the actual target point from the sea surface or seabed. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0093] S34. Based on the ray path, the travel time, and the amplitude of the central ray, the rays to be superimposed are Gaussian-weighted superimposed to obtain the source CFP gather.

[0094] Specifically, based on the ray path, the travel time, and the amplitude of the central ray, the ray to be superimposed is Gaussian weighted superposition using the Gaussian wave packet method to obtain the source CFP gather.

[0095] Among them, the Gabor wavelet is used as the wavelet function of the wave packet, and the expression of the wavelet is:

[0096]

[0097] Where f m γ and v are three freely chosen parameters, f(t) is a carrier wave with a Gaussian envelope, and parameter γ controls the frequency relative to the dominant frequency f. m The width of the Gaussian envelope, v represents the velocity of the central ray.

[0098] The approximate analytical expression for the Gaussian ray beam wave packet is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] in,

[0101] Where S represents the distance propagated along the central ray from the source, φ represents the superposition weighting coefficient, A represents the amplitude of the ray, and G and θ represent the real and imaginary parts of the wave field displacement phase factor, respectively.

[0102] It should be noted that the specific method for determining the receiver CFP gather is as follows: The ray path, travel time, and seismic wave energy distribution within the half-width range from the target point to each receiver are determined based on the Gaussian ray beam method; then, the Gaussian wave packet method is used for weighted superposition to obtain the CFP gather for each receiver. The specific implementation steps are similar to those described above for determining the source CFP gather based on the Gaussian ray beam method, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] For example, Figure 3C The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a detector point CFP gather in one embodiment of this application.

[0104] In this embodiment, by determining the ray paths, travel times, and amplitudes of the central ray from all rays originating from the target point to each seismic source, the propagation process of seismic waves can be simulated more accurately, improving the accuracy of data interpretation. By determining the Gaussian energy distribution of each ray as it propagates to the receiving point plane, the propagation characteristics of seismic waves in the actual medium can be reflected more realistically, improving the quality of data processing. By screening the rays, those rays whose distance from the receiving point to the receiving point plane is within a preset half-width range are identified as the rays to be superimposed, reducing the impact of noise and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Based on the ray paths, travel times, and amplitudes of the central ray, the rays to be superimposed are Gaussian-weighted superimposed to obtain the source CFP gather. Through the Gaussian-weighted superposition operation, the phase and amplitude information of the seismic signal can be better preserved, improving resolution and fidelity.

[0105] Figure 4A This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather, as provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 4A As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the process of determining the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather includes the following steps S41 to S49.

[0106] S41, the target layer is divided into multiple search grid points according to CMP (Common Midpoint, CMP) elements.

[0107] Specifically, before dividing the target layer into multiple search grid points according to the common center point element, the size of the CMP element is determined first.

[0108] It should be noted that the size of the CMP unit can be determined based on the geological complexity of the exploration area and the expected resolution. This application does not impose any restrictions on the specific size of the CMP unit.

[0109] S42, each of the search grid points is used as an activation point in turn.

[0110] S43, perform Gaussian beam forward modeling on the excitation point to obtain the travel time of the i-th detector corresponding to the excitation point, where i is a positive integer.

[0111] S44, if the ray of the i-th detector is within the integral aperture range of the search grid point corresponding to the excitation point, then starting from the travel time, on the gather corresponding to the i-th detector in the CFP gather of the detector point, the waveform is truncated according to the wavelet length.

[0112] The integral aperture can be obtained by R = htan30°, where h is the vertical depth from the target point to the sea surface or seabed.

[0113] Specifically, the wavelet represents the wavelet on the gather corresponding to the i-th detector.

[0114] If the ray from the i-th detector is not within the integral aperture range of the search grid point corresponding to the excitation point, then the ray is discarded directly.

[0115] S45, perform the above steps S43 to S44 sequentially on the remaining detectors to obtain the waveform corresponding to each detector.

[0116] S46, superimpose all the waveforms to obtain the imaging path of the search grid point corresponding to the excitation point.

[0117] S47, based on the arrangement of all the detectors, the offset aperture of each detector to the target layer imaging is determined sequentially, the offset aperture being used to limit the search range of the search grid points.

[0118] The search range of the search grid points is the dual-focus imaging range.

[0119] S48, perform the above steps S42 to S47 sequentially on the remaining search grid points to obtain the imaging path corresponding to each search grid point.

[0120] Specifically, a filtering operation is performed on the remaining search grid points. Steps S42 to S47 are executed sequentially for each search grid point within the dual-focus imaging range to obtain the imaging path corresponding to each search grid point.

[0121] S49, determine the superposition energy of all the imaging channels, and normalize the superposition energy to obtain the detector focusing beam.

[0122] For example, the above normalization process can be dividing the energy of each imaging channel by the maximum value of the energies of all imaging channels, or it can be dividing the signal value of each imaging channel by the maximum value of the signal of that imaging channel. In actual application scenarios, the specific normalization process can be any of the methods listed above, or any other suitable normalization process, and this application does not limit it in this regard.

[0123] For example, Figure 4B The diagram shown is a schematic of a detector focusing beam provided in one embodiment of this application. The detector focusing beam can be referred to in [reference needed]. Figure 4B .

[0124] It should be noted that the specific implementation process of the source focusing beam is similar to that of the detector focusing beam described above. When strongly determining the source focusing beam, it is only necessary to replace the detector point CFP gather in the above steps with the source CFP gather. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0125] For example, Figure 4C The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a source focusing beam provided in one embodiment of this application. The source focusing beam can be referred to in [reference needed]. Figure 4C .

[0126] In the method for determining the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather provided in this application embodiment, by imaging at each search grid point, the location and shape of the underground structure can be determined more accurately, thereby improving the imaging resolution; based on all imaging channels, the superposition energy of all imaging channels is determined, and the superposition energy is normalized to obtain the detector focusing beam. By superimposing energy, imaging blurring caused by multipath effects during the propagation of seismic waves underground can be reduced, and normalizing the superposition energy can eliminate energy differences between different imaging channels, making the final imaging result more uniform and reliable; thus improving the accuracy of the detector focusing beam.

[0127] Figure 5A This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of the dual-focusing beams corresponding to the seismic source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam in one embodiment of this application. (See flowchart for example.) Figure 5A As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the process of determining the dual focusing beams corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam includes the following steps S51 to S53.

[0128] S51, perform a product operation on the source focusing beam and the corresponding detector focusing beam to obtain a sub-dual focusing beam.

[0129] Specifically, the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam obtained based on each search grid point are multiplied point by point to obtain the sub-dual focusing beam.

[0130] S52, the above multiplication operation is performed sequentially on the remaining source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam to obtain the sub-dual focusing beams corresponding to the remaining source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam.

[0131] Specifically, after performing a product operation on the first source focusing beam and its corresponding detector focusing beam to obtain the first sub-dual focusing beam, the above product operation is performed on the remaining source focusing beams and the detector focusing beams corresponding to the source focusing beams to obtain the sub-dual focusing beams corresponding to each pair of source focusing beams and detector focusing beams.

[0132] S53, sum all the sub-dual-focusing beams to obtain the dual-focusing beam.

[0133] Specifically, when summing all the sub-double-focused beams, the amplitude value of each sub-double-focused beam can be extracted and the amplitude values ​​of each sub-double-focused beam can be added together. In addition, if the sub-double-focused beams are calculated at different time or spatial sampling points, interpolation or resampling operations can be performed on the sub-double-focused beams to ensure that the sub-double-focused beams are summed on the same grid to obtain the double-focused beam.

[0134] For example, Figure 5C The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a dual-focused beam provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0135] In the embodiments of this application, by multiplying and summing the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam, effective signal superposition can be achieved, thereby enhancing the energy of the wave field and making the imaging of the subsurface corresponding to the seafloor node seismic observation system clearer and more reliable. Since each sub-dual focusing beam represents different propagation paths and angle information, the dual focusing beam obtained after summing can obtain more comprehensive wave field information, which helps to understand the subsurface structure more comprehensively. At the same time, noise is reduced in the process of summing the sub-dual focusing beams, and the resulting dual focusing beam significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio. By combining the focusing information of the source and the detector, the dual focusing beam provides an efficient, high-resolution, and low-noise seismic imaging method, which is of great significance for improving the accuracy and efficiency of seismic exploration.

[0136] Figure 6A This is a flowchart illustrating how the first resolution is obtained based on the first resolution curve in one embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6A As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the process of obtaining the first resolution based on the first resolution curve includes the following steps S61 to S62.

[0137] S61, extract the first resolution curve corresponding to the dual-focusing beam in the first preset direction.

[0138] Specifically, in the first preset direction, the first resolution curve corresponding to the dual focusing beam is extracted through the target point.

[0139] For example, Figure 6B The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a first resolution curve provided in one embodiment of this application. The first preset direction can be the X direction. In the X direction, the first resolution curve corresponding to the dual-focusing beam extracted through the target point can be referenced. Figure 6B .

[0140] S62, based on the first resolution curve, obtain the first resolution.

[0141] In some embodiments, obtaining the first resolution based on the first resolution curve includes: determining the focusing main energy width information at a preset position of the main lobe peak on the first resolution curve; and determining the first resolution of the dual focusing beam in the first preset direction based on the focusing main energy width information.

[0142] This application provides a method for obtaining the first resolution of the dual-focusing beam. The method includes: extracting a first resolution curve corresponding to the dual-focusing beam in a first preset direction; obtaining the first resolution based on the first resolution curve; and accurately evaluating the resolution capability of the dual-focusing beam in that direction by extracting the resolution curve in the first preset direction through a target point.

[0143] It should be noted that the specific steps for obtaining the second resolution of the dual-focused beam based on the dual-focused beam are similar to the specific steps for obtaining the first resolution of the dual-focused beam based on the dual-focused beam described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] For example, Figure 6C This is a schematic diagram of a second resolution curve provided in one embodiment of this application. The second resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a second preset direction, wherein the second preset direction can be the Y direction. In the Y direction, the second resolution curve corresponding to the dual-focusing beam extracted through the target point can be referenced. Figure 6C .

[0145] Based on the above Figure 6B The first resolution curve in and Figure 6C The second resolution curve in the figure defines the width corresponding to half the energy of the main lobe peak as the resolution, and the statistically obtained resolutions are shown in Table 1.

[0146] Table 1. Statistical results of focused beam resolution of the OBN observation system (unit: m)

[0147] direction Seismic Focusing Beam Detector Focusing Beam Dual-focused beam X 90 50 30 Y 50 80 30

[0148] Based on the resolution of the dual-focused beam in the X and Y directions listed in Table 1, it can be used to evaluate the observation system before OBN acquisition construction, in order to determine the optimal deployment location of the excitation point and the receiver point, so that the acquired data can accurately reach the underground target and achieve the best illumination of the underground target.

[0149] The scope of protection for the resolution acquisition method in this application is not limited to the execution order of the steps listed in this embodiment. Any solution implemented by adding, subtracting, or replacing steps in the prior art based on the principles of this application is included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0150] This application also provides a resolution acquisition device, which can implement the resolution acquisition method of this application. However, the implementation device of the resolution acquisition method of this application includes, but is not limited to, the structure of the resolution acquisition device listed in this embodiment. All structural modifications and substitutions of the prior art made in accordance with the principles of this application are included within the protection scope of this application.

[0151] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the resolution acquisition device 70 of this application includes a gather determination module 71, a source focusing beam determination module 72, a detector focusing beam determination module 73, a dual focusing beam determination module 74, and a resolution acquisition module 75.

[0152] The gather determination module 71 is used to determine the source CFP gather and the receiver CFP gather based on the Gaussian ray beam.

[0153] The source focusing beam determination module 72 is used to determine the source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather.

[0154] The detector focusing beam determination module 73 is used to determine the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather.

[0155] The dual-focusing beam determination module 74 is used to determine the dual-focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam.

[0156] The resolution acquisition module 75 is used to acquire a first resolution and a second resolution of the dual-focusing beam based on the dual-focusing beam, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a second preset direction.

[0157] The structure and principle of the gather determination module 71, the source focusing beam determination module 72, the detector focusing beam determination module 73, the dual focusing beam determination module 74, and the resolution acquisition module 75 correspond one-to-one with the steps in the resolution acquisition method described above, so they will not be repeated here.

[0158] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus or method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules / units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or units may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatuses or modules or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0159] The modules / units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules / units may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules / units can be selected to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs. For example, the functional modules / units in the various embodiments of this application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module / unit may exist physically separately, or two or more modules / units may be integrated into one module / unit.

[0160] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0161] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing a processor. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which is a non-transitory medium, such as random access memory, read-only memory, flash memory, hard disk, solid-state drive, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical disk, and any combination thereof. The storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0162] This application also provides an electronic device. Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an electronic device 80 in one embodiment of this application. The resolution acquisition method provided in this embodiment can be applied to... Figure 8 The electronic devices shown are 80, but not limited to these. For example... Figure 8As shown, the electronic device 80 includes a processor 81, a memory, a system bus 83, and a network interface 85. The memory may include a non-volatile storage medium 82 and internal memory 84.

[0163] The non-volatile storage medium 82 can store an operating system and a computer program. The computer program includes program instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform any of the resolution acquisition methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0164] The processor provides computing and control capabilities, supporting the operation of the entire computer device.

[0165] The internal memory 84 provides an environment for the execution of a computer program in a non-volatile storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it enables the processor to execute any of the resolution acquisition methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0166] The network interface 85 is used for network communication, such as sending assigned tasks. Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 1A is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0167] It should be understood that processor 81 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), but it can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among these, the general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0168] The electronic device 80 in this application embodiment may include terminal devices such as tablet computers, laptop computers, mobile phones, supercomputers, and smart wearable devices. It can also be applied to databases, servers, and service response systems based on terminal artificial intelligence. This application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the specific type of electronic device.

[0169] For example, electronic devices can be stations (STAION, ST) in WLANs, cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, computers, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, and / or other devices for communicating over wireless systems, as well as next-generation communication systems, such as mobile terminals in 5G networks, mobile terminals in future evolved Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMNs), or mobile terminals in future evolved Non-terrestrial Networks (NTNs).

[0170] As an example, and not a limitation, when an electronic device is a wearable device, the term can also refer to any device that utilizes wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as gloves and watches equipped with near-field communication modules. Wearable devices are portable devices worn directly on the body or integrated into a user's clothing or accessories. By attaching to the user and using a pre-linked electronic card, they perform operations such as payment and authentication. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices; they achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly defined, wearable smart devices include those with comprehensive functions, large sizes, and the ability to perform complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those focused on a specific application function that require interaction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smartwatches and smart bracelets with displays.

[0171] The descriptions of the processes or structures corresponding to the above figures each have their own emphasis. For parts of a process or structure that are not described in detail, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other processes or structures.

[0172] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining resolution, characterized in that, The method, applied to a seafloor node seismic observation system, includes: Based on Gaussian ray beams, determine the source CFP gather and receiver CFP gather; Determine the source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather; Determine the detector focusing beam corresponding to the CFP gather at the detector point; Based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam, determine the dual focusing beams corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam; Based on the dual-focusing beam, a first resolution and a second resolution of the dual-focusing beam are obtained, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a second preset direction.

2. The resolution acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the source CFP gather, the method further includes: Acquire the observation system and a three-dimensional geological model applied to the observation system; The arrangement and coordinate information of the shot points are read from the observation system, and the arrangement and coordinate information of the receiver points are also read. In the three-dimensional geological model, the target layer to be observed and the target points within the target layer are determined; Based on the arrangement and coordinate information of the shot points and receiver points, a dual-focusing analysis is performed on the target point to determine the resolution of the observation system at the target point.

3. The resolution acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of source CFP gathers based on Gaussian ray beams includes: Determine the ray paths, travel times, and amplitudes of all rays originating from the target point to each seismic source; Determine the Gaussian energy distribution of each ray as it propagates to the receiving point plane; The rays are screened to identify those rays whose distance from the receiving point to the receiving point plane is within a preset half-width range as rays to be superimposed. Based on the ray path, the travel time, and the amplitude of the central ray, the rays to be superimposed are Gaussian-weighted superimposed to obtain the source CFP gather.

4. The resolution acquisition method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather includes: S41, the target layer is divided into multiple search grid points according to CMP surface elements; S42, each of the search grid points is sequentially used as an activation point; S43, Perform Gaussian beam forward modeling on the excitation point to obtain the travel time of the i-th detector corresponding to the excitation point, where i is a positive integer; S44, if the ray of the i-th detector is within the integral aperture range of the search grid point corresponding to the excitation point, then starting from the travel time, on the gather corresponding to the i-th detector in the CFP gather of the detector point, the waveform is truncated according to the wavelet length. S45, perform the above steps S43 to S44 sequentially on the remaining detectors to obtain the waveform corresponding to each detector; S46, All the waveforms are superimposed to obtain the imaging path of the search grid point corresponding to the excitation point; S47, based on the arrangement of all the detectors, the offset aperture of each detector to the target layer imaging is determined sequentially, and the offset aperture is used to limit the search range of the search grid points; S48, Perform steps S42 to S47 on the remaining search grid points in sequence to obtain the imaging path corresponding to each search grid point; S49, determine the superposition energy of all the imaging channels, and normalize the superposition energy to obtain the detector focusing beam.

5. The resolution acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the dual-focusing beams corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam includes: A sub-dual focusing beam is obtained by multiplying the source focusing beam and the corresponding detector focusing beam. The above multiplication operation is performed sequentially on the remaining source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam to obtain the sub-dual focusing beams corresponding to the remaining source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam, respectively. The dual-focused beam is obtained by summing all the sub-dual-focused beams.

6. The resolution acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the first resolution of the dual-focused beam includes: Extract the first resolution curve corresponding to the dual-focusing beam in the first preset direction; Based on the first resolution curve, the first resolution is obtained.

7. The resolution acquisition method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Obtaining the first resolution based on the first resolution curve includes: Determine the focusing main energy width information at a preset position of the main lobe peak on the first resolution curve; Based on the focused main energy width information, the first resolution of the dual focused beam in the first preset direction is determined.

8. A resolution acquisition device, characterized in that, The device includes: The gather determination module is used to determine the source CFP gather and receiver CFP gather based on Gaussian ray beams; The source focusing beam determination module is used to determine the source focusing beam corresponding to the source CFP gather; The detector focusing beam determination module is used to determine the detector focusing beam corresponding to the detector point CFP gather; A dual-focusing beam determination module is used to determine the dual-focusing beam corresponding to the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam based on the source focusing beam and the detector focusing beam; The resolution acquisition module is used to acquire a first resolution and a second resolution of the dual-focusing beam based on the dual-focusing beam, wherein the first resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a first preset direction, and the second resolution is the resolution of the dual-focusing beam in a second preset direction.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the resolution acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: A memory that stores a computer program; The processor, which is communicatively connected to the memory, executes the resolution acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when calling the computer program.

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