220kV prefabricated cabin type transformer substation

Abstract

The invention relates to a 220kV prefabricated cabin type transformer substation which comprises a three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin and a supporting foundation, the prefabricated cabin comprises a first-layer prefabricated cabin and a second-layer outdoor platform, primary equipment and auxiliary equipment are arranged in the first-layer prefabricated cabin, and the second-layer outdoor platform is located above the first-layer prefabricated cabin. High-voltage equipment and a second-layer prefabricated cabin are arranged on the second-layer outdoor platform, secondary equipment is arranged in the second-layer prefabricated cabin, the supporting foundation comprises a prefabricated independent foundation body and a prefabricated cross beam, the prefabricated independent foundation body is vertically arranged in the foundation pit, and the prefabricated cross beam is horizontally fixed to the upper portion of the prefabricated independent foundation body and used for supporting the prefabricated cabin; compared with a traditional distributed prefabricated cabin layout, the scheme is beneficial for reducing the total plane occupied area, the land acquisition cost is reduced, only foundation node pouring, cabin body hoisting and splicing and a small amount of external wiring need to be conducted on site, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of substation technology, specifically, it relates to a 220kV prefabricated substation. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, prefabricated substations have been widely used in the medium and low voltage field as an integrated, factory-produced solution, effectively shortening the construction cycle and reducing on-site work. However, for the 220kV voltage level, due to the large size of the equipment, high insulation requirements, and complex wiring, traditional prefabricated substation solutions often adopt a distributed layout, that is, dividing the equipment into multiple independent prefabricated modules according to the voltage level and function, and then assembling and secondary wiring on site.

[0003] This traditional distributed prefabricated substation construction scheme has the following main drawbacks in practice: Large footprint and high land acquisition costs: The independent and dispersed layout of each functional equipment compartment results in a large footprint within the substation's perimeter. Extensive civil engineering and complex cable laying: The dispersed equipment compartments require their own independent foundations, and a large number of cables need to be laid between compartments and between devices, resulting in a complex network of cable trenches within the substation area and high project costs. Furthermore, the dispersed layout of the equipment lengthens the connection paths of primary and secondary cables, increasing not only the material costs of the cables themselves but also significantly increasing the workload of cable laying, fireproofing, and other installation tasks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a 220kV prefabricated substation to solve the problems of insufficient integration, large footprint, long construction period, and high overall cost of existing prefabricated substations.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: This invention proposes a 220kV prefabricated substation, which includes: Three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin, the prefabricated cabin comprising: A prefabricated cabin is provided with primary equipment and auxiliary equipment. The primary equipment includes at least one of medium-voltage equipment, grounding transformer, low-voltage equipment, station service transformer and SVG power module. The auxiliary equipment includes a storage battery. A second-floor outdoor platform is located above the first-floor prefabricated cabin. The second-floor outdoor platform is equipped with high-voltage equipment and the second-floor prefabricated cabin. The second-floor prefabricated cabin is equipped with secondary equipment. The high-voltage equipment includes a 220kV GIS. The secondary equipment includes at least one of a secondary protection panel and a monitoring room. The supporting foundation includes a prefabricated independent foundation and a prefabricated crossbeam. The prefabricated independent foundation is vertically set in the foundation pit, and the prefabricated crossbeam is horizontally fixed above the prefabricated independent foundation to support the prefabricated compartment.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, a cable interlayer is provided at the bottom of the second-floor prefabricated cabin, and a vertically arranged cable shaft is provided in the first-floor prefabricated cabin. The second-floor prefabricated cabin is connected to the cable interlayer, the top of the cable shaft is connected to the cable interlayer, and the bottom of the cable shaft is connected to the first-floor prefabricated cabin.

[0007] By designing cable interlayers and cable shafts, a three-dimensional cable channel running through the entire station was constructed, enabling orderly cable connections between upper and lower equipment levels as well as between internal and external equipment, thus avoiding the chaotic cable trenches of traditional solutions.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the prefabricated cabin is equipped with a 220kV main transformer, an SVG reactor, and a surge arrester that are integrated with the prefabricated cabin; the SVG reactor and the SVG power module are connected by a cable, which passes through a pre-installed underground pipe.

[0009] This layout allows large equipment such as main transformers and reactors to be placed close to the prefabricated compartments, shortening the connection path. The overall layout is compact and harmonious, achieving integrated operation of all station equipment.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, an SVG heat exchanger is provided on the side or top of the prefabricated cabin.

[0011] By externally mounting the heat dissipation components (heat exchangers) of the SVG power module to the cabin, a closed operating environment for the power module is ensured, and the heat dissipation problem of high-power power electronic equipment is effectively solved, thereby improving the reliability of equipment operation.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, a cable tray extending along the length of the prefabricated compartment is also provided on the top of the first-floor prefabricated compartment. The number of the cable trays is at least two, and they are arranged at intervals along the width of the first-floor prefabricated compartment. A secondary cable channel is formed in the cable tray.

[0013] This design, which integrates the secondary cable tray into the top of the first-floor compartment, provides a convenient upward cable outlet for the equipment on the first floor. This allows the secondary cables to be neatly led upwards and then connected to the second-floor cable interlayer through the cable shaft, resulting in clear wiring and a short path.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, a power structure is also provided on the second-floor outdoor platform. The power structure includes vertical and horizontal components. There are four vertical components located around the GIS equipment. The bottom of the vertical components is supported on the second-floor outdoor platform. The two ends of the horizontal components are connected between adjacent vertical components to form a frame structure for supporting the external wiring harness of the GIS equipment.

[0015] The power structure is integrated with the top platform of the prefabricated cabin, replacing the large-scale independent outdoor structure of the traditional solution, further saving land outside the station.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, a grounding system is provided on the second-floor outdoor platform. The grounding system includes a metal bracket, insulators, annular galvanized flat steel, and down conductors. The metal bracket is fixed on the second-floor outdoor platform, and the insulators are fixed on the metal bracket. The annular galvanized flat steel is located on top of the insulators and surrounds the GIS equipment. One end of the down conductor is welded to the annular galvanized flat steel, and the other end is led to the main grounding grid. The grounding points of the GIS equipment's casing, voltage transformer, and grounding switch are led to the annular galvanized flat steel via copper busbars, and a copper-iron transition block is provided at the connection.

[0017] This grounding system solved the grounding problem of the GIS equipment located behind the top platform, forming an effective equipotential grounding network and ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, a lighting assembly is also provided on the second-floor outdoor platform, the lighting assembly including a plurality of lighting sources dispersedly disposed on the power structure and / or the top of the second-floor outdoor platform.

[0019] Integrating the outdoor lighting system into the roof or power structure makes full use of the three-dimensional space, eliminating the need for separate light poles and providing a good lighting environment for nighttime inspections and operations.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, there are multiple precast independent foundations, which are spaced apart in the foundation pit, and the connection nodes between the precast independent foundations and each of the precast beams are connected and fixed by cast-in-place treatment.

[0021] This combination of precast and cast-in-place foundations ensures the foundation's load-bearing capacity and integrity while minimizing on-site wet work and improving construction efficiency.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the supporting foundation further includes a prefabricated cable trench located below the prefabricated crossbeam, for connecting medium-voltage equipment with external equipment.

[0023] Prefabricating the cable trench and supporting foundation as a whole not only eliminates the need for separate cable trench construction, but also makes the cable path more regular and makes fuller use of the space under the compartment.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: The 220kV prefabricated substation involved in this application integrates medium and low voltage equipment and auxiliary equipment in the first-floor prefabricated cabin, and arranges 220kV GIS and secondary equipment on the second-floor outdoor platform. It also integrates the power structure, lighting, and grounding system with the cabin, achieving a high degree of functional integration for the substation. Compared with the traditional distributed prefabricated cabin layout, this scheme helps to reduce the overall land area and lower land acquisition costs.

[0025] The entire station adopts a modular design, with prefabricated modules, supporting foundations, and power grids all prefabricated in the factory. On-site work only requires foundation pouring, module hoisting and assembly, and a small amount of external wiring, thus shortening the construction period.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer after reading the detailed embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a side view of the 220kV prefabricated substation proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first-floor prefabricated compartment of a 220kV prefabricated substation and the 110kV main transformer and SVG reactor. Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the second-floor outdoor platform of a 220kV prefabricated substation. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the first and second prefabricated modules of a 220kV prefabricated substation. Figure 5 This is a layout diagram of the grounding system on the second-floor outdoor platform; Figure 6 This is a layout diagram of the lighting components on the second-floor outdoor platform; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped connection node between the precast independent foundation and the precast beam; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the T-shaped connection node between the precast independent foundation and the precast beam; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the L-shaped connection node between the precast independent foundation and the precast beam; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the I-shaped connection node between the precast independent foundation and the precast beam; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment zoning for a single-story prefabricated cabin; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment zoning on the second-floor prefabricated module; In the picture, 100. First-floor prefabricated compartment; 110. Medium-voltage equipment; 111. First switchgear equipment zone; 112. Second switchgear equipment zone; 113. Third switchgear equipment zone; 114. Fourth switchgear equipment zone; 115. Fifth switchgear equipment zone; 120. SVG power module; 130. Cable tray; 140. Station service transformer; 150. Grounding transformer; 160. Storage battery; 170. Primary cable shaft; 180. Secondary cable shaft; 200. Second-floor outdoor platform; 210. GIS equipment; 220. Maintenance platform; 230. Power grid structure; 231. Frame vertical section; 232. Frame horizontal section; 300. Second-floor prefabricated cabin; 310. Secondary protection panel; 311. Integrated power supply equipment zone; 312. Integrated protection equipment zone; 313. Dispatch and communication equipment zone; 314. Corridor module area; 320. Monitoring room; 330. Cable interlayer; 340. Circular galvanized flat steel; 350. Down conductor; 360. Lighting components; 400. Support foundation; 410. Precast independent foundation; 420. Precast crossbeam; 500kV and 220kV main transformers; 510kV main transformer architecture; 600. SVG reactor; 610. Pipeline; 700. Lightning arrester. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0031] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0035] refer to Figures 1-3This embodiment provides a 220kV prefabricated substation, the core of which is a three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin used to accommodate and integrate the main electrical equipment of the substation to achieve a highly compact layout.

[0036] The 220kV prefabricated substation comprises a multi-layered prefabricated module and a supporting foundation 400. The multi-layered prefabricated module consists of two layers: a first-layer prefabricated module 100 and a second-layer outdoor platform 200 located above the first-layer prefabricated module 100. This vertical layout breaks away from the traditional flat and dispersed arrangement of substation equipment, effectively utilizes the upper space, and significantly reduces the substation's footprint.

[0037] The first-floor prefabricated cabin 100 is a closed, indoor metal or prefabricated cabin with a controllable internal environment, used to house electrical equipment with high requirements for the operating environment.

[0038] In this embodiment, a variety of devices are highly integrated within the prefabricated cabin 100, specifically divided into primary devices and auxiliary devices.

[0039] The primary equipment includes medium-voltage equipment 110, grounding transformer 150, low-voltage equipment, station service transformer 140, and SVG power module 120.

[0040] The auxiliary equipment includes a 160-cell battery, which integrates all the equipment into one compartment, greatly reducing the length of the connecting cables.

[0041] The second-floor outdoor platform 200 is an open platform built on top of the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100, with sufficient structural strength to support outdoor equipment.

[0042] The second-floor outdoor platform 200 is mainly equipped with high-voltage equipment and the second-floor prefabricated cabin 300.

[0043] High-voltage equipment includes 220kV GIS.

[0044] The second-floor prefabricated cabin 300 is equipped with secondary equipment, including a secondary protection screen 310 and a monitoring room 320.

[0045] As a high-voltage power distribution device in a substation, the 220kV GIS meets the requirements for insulation and safe distance in its outdoor layout. The secondary protection panel 310 and the monitoring room 320 are located on the same floor, which shortens the distance to the control cable, reduces signal transmission attenuation and interference, and realizes the close proximity of protection and control equipment and high-voltage equipment.

[0046] The overall layout of the substation also includes equipment arranged outside the three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin to achieve an integrated layout with the prefabricated cabin.

[0047] Specifically, a 220kV main transformer 500 and an SVG reactor 600 are also installed outside the three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin.

[0048] The 220kV main transformer 500 is located adjacent to the prefabricated cabin. One side of it is connected to the 220kV GIS on the second-floor platform via a wiring harness, and the other side is connected to the medium-voltage equipment 110 in the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100 via a power cable or busbar.

[0049] In some embodiments, a main transformer frame 510 is also provided on the side of the 220kV main transformer 500 to support the connecting wires between the high-voltage side of the main transformer and the 220kV transmission line.

[0050] A tubular busbar is installed between the 220kV main transformer 500 and the prefabricated cabin. The tubular busbar system consists of an aluminum alloy or copper alloy tubular busbar body, a busbar support, and expansion joints. The tubular busbar is supported by the busbar support. The busbar support consists of columns, beams, diagonal braces, and base flanges. The columns are fixed to the prefabricated independent foundation 410 with anchor bolts, and the top beam is equipped with support insulators to fix the tubular busbar.

[0051] The SVG reactor 600 is also located adjacent to the prefabricated compartment and is connected to the SVG power module 120 in the first-floor prefabricated compartment 100 via a cable. To achieve a neat and aesthetically pleasing design and minimize the path, the connecting cable passes through a pre-installed underground conduit 610.

[0052] In addition, surge arresters 700 are also installed in critical outdoor locations for overvoltage protection.

[0053] The 220kV prefabricated substation involved in this application adopts a three-dimensional multi-layer layout, integrating medium and low voltage primary equipment and auxiliary equipment in the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100, arranging 220kV GIS and secondary equipment on the second-floor outdoor platform 200, and integrating the power structure 230, lighting, and grounding system with the cabin body, thus achieving a high degree of integration of substation functions.

[0054] Compared to the traditional distributed prefabricated module layout, this solution can significantly reduce the total floor area and lower land acquisition costs.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the entire structure of the substation is supported by an innovative support foundation 400. The support foundation 400 includes prefabricated independent foundations 410 and prefabricated crossbeams 420.

[0056] Precast independent foundations 410 are vertically installed at certain intervals in the pre-excavated foundation pit according to load calculations. Precast beams 420 are horizontally fixed above the precast independent foundations 410, forming a frame structure.

[0057] The multi-layered prefabricated modules are integrally positioned and fixed on this frame structure, specifically supported above the prefabricated crossbeams 420. This foundation type extensively utilizes prefabricated components, reducing the amount of on-site concrete pouring, resulting in faster construction speed and higher precision.

[0058] To accommodate different scales and configurations, the equipment within the prefabricated cabin 100 can be flexibly combined. For example, for substations that do not require human staff, the monitoring room 320 can be simplified or eliminated. This modular design concept allows the substation of this invention to be customized according to specific project needs, exhibiting strong adaptability.

[0059] Based on the previous embodiment, this embodiment further optimizes the design of the cable connection channels within the station, constructing a three-dimensional cable channel system.

[0060] refer to Figure 4 Specifically, a horizontally arranged cable interlayer 330 is provided at the bottom of the second-floor prefabricated compartment 300. This cable interlayer 330 runs the entire length of the bottom of the second-floor prefabricated compartment 300 and has a certain height, facilitating access for maintenance personnel to perform cable laying, inspection, and maintenance work. The cable interlayer 330 functions as a horizontally distributed cable conversion and distribution layer, where all cables needing to enter or exit the second-floor prefabricated compartment 300 converge and are transferred.

[0061] Meanwhile, inside the first-floor prefabricated compartment 100, one or more vertically arranged primary cable shafts 170 and secondary cable shafts 180 are respectively set up according to cable type and functional requirements. The primary cable shaft 170 is used to lay power cables, and the secondary cable shaft 180 is used to lay main transformer control cables or outdoor equipment cables, realizing the separation of strong and weak currents and reducing electromagnetic interference. These shafts run through the top and bottom of the first-floor prefabricated compartment 100, with the bottom communicating with the internal space of the first-floor prefabricated compartment 100, and the top extending to communicate with the cable interlayer 330 at the bottom of the second-floor prefabricated compartment 300.

[0062] The primary cable is mainly used to transmit electrical energy and connects to the medium-voltage equipment 110, grounding transformer 150, station service transformer 140, SVG power module 120 and other primary equipment in the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100, as well as the 220kV GIS high-voltage equipment on the second-floor outdoor platform 200.

[0063] The connection path is as follows: Primary equipment within the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100 uses an upward-outgoing cable method, leading the primary cable upwards and connecting it to the corresponding primary cable shaft 170's trunking box. Specifically, the cable is laid vertically upwards within the shaft until it reaches the top of the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100, entering the cable tray 330 connected to the shaft. Within the cable tray 330, the primary cable is laid horizontally along pre-set cable supports or cable trays, reaching the position corresponding to the target equipment, and then introduced upwards to the second-floor outdoor platform 200, connecting to the corresponding bay of the 220kV GIS equipment 210.

[0064] For some primary cables that need to be connected to the outdoor 220kV main transformer 500 or SVG reactor 600, the bottom-out method is adopted, which directly leads the cable into the prefabricated cable trench located on the support foundation 400, and lays it to the target equipment through buried pipe.

[0065] Secondary cables are mainly used to transmit control signals, protection signals and measurement data. The connection objects include the primary equipment body and local control box in the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100, as well as the secondary protection screen 310, monitoring room equipment 320 and GIS control cabinet on the second-floor outdoor platform 200.

[0066] The connection path is as follows: the secondary cables of each equipment in the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100 are top-out cables, first connected to the secondary cable tray box laid along the length of the top of the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100. This cable tray is the collection channel for the secondary cables of the first-floor equipment. After all the secondary cables are sorted and organized by area or function here, the cables are laid vertically upward in the shaft and enter the cable interlayer 330 at the bottom of the second-floor prefabricated cabin 300.

[0067] In some embodiments, multiple prefabricated cable trays 130 are prefabricated at intervals along the length of the cabin on the top of the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100, forming dedicated control cable channels inside these trays. Control cables from the first-floor equipment are led upwards into these cable trays 130, then converge near the cable shaft, and then led upwards through the shaft to the cable interlayer 330, finally reaching the secondary protection shield 310 in the second-floor prefabricated cabin 300. Similarly, the control cables of the second-floor 220kV GIS can also be connected to the cable interlayer 330 through the cable trays in the GIS equipment area, leading to the protection shield on the same floor.

[0068] This three-dimensional channel design upgrades the traditional planar cable trench into a three-dimensional network, realizing the separation of strong and weak currents, optimizing the entry and exit paths, and minimizing cable length, thus completely solving the problems of messy, intersecting, and excessively long cable laying in traditional solutions.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, in addition to the 220kV GIS, a power grid 230 is also installed on the second-floor outdoor platform 200. The power grid 230 includes upright sections 231 and horizontal sections 232. In this embodiment, four upright sections 231 are arranged in a quadrilateral pattern around the 220kV GIS. The bottom of each upright section 231 is firmly supported and fixed to the steel structure of the second-floor outdoor platform 200. The horizontal sections 232 connect the tops of two adjacent upright sections 231, thus forming a closed and stable frame structure.

[0070] The purpose of this framework structure is to support the high-voltage external wiring bundles that are led out or introduced from the 220kV GIS, replacing the large incoming and outgoing line structures that occupy independent land in traditional substations, thus further saving land outside the station.

[0071] refer to Figure 5 To address the grounding issue of the GIS equipment 210 located on the roof platform, this embodiment employs a dedicated grounding system on the second-floor outdoor platform 200. This grounding system includes metal supports, insulators, annular galvanized flat steel 340, and down conductors 350. The metal supports are welded or bolted to the second-floor outdoor platform 200 according to their designed locations. The insulators are fixed to the top of the metal supports, providing support and insulation to ground. The annular galvanized flat steel 340 is installed on top of all the insulators, forming a closed annular grounding busbar around the 220kV GIS. One end of the down conductor 350 is securely connected to the annular galvanized flat steel 340 by welding, while the other end extends downwards along the cabin wall, ultimately connecting to the substation's main grounding grid.

[0072] Components requiring grounding on the 220kV GIS equipment 210, such as the metal casing, base, and the dedicated grounding points of connected devices like surge arresters 700, voltage transformers, and grounding switches, are reliably connected to this annular galvanized flat steel 340 via copper busbars. Considering the electrochemical corrosion that can occur when the copper busbar connects to the galvanized flat steel, a copper-iron transition block is specifically installed at the connection point, and it is fixed using a combination of welding and bolting to ensure the long-term electrical reliability and mechanical strength of the connection.

[0073] refer to Figure 6Furthermore, to meet the needs of nighttime inspections and operations, this embodiment also integrates lighting components 360 on the second-floor outdoor platform 200. These lighting components 360 include multiple light sources, which are not individually mounted on light poles, but are distributed on the vertical or horizontal parts of the power structure 230, or directly installed on the top edge of the second-floor outdoor platform 200. By rationally arranging the position and angle of the light sources, the area of ​​the GIS equipment 210 on the platform, the passageway, and part of the area below the platform can be effectively illuminated, achieving a perfect integration of function and structure.

[0074] This embodiment provides a more detailed description of the supporting foundation 400.

[0075] To achieve rapid assembly and high-quality construction of the substation, the support foundation 400 adopts a fully prefabricated assembly scheme. It consists of multiple prefabricated independent foundations 410, multiple prefabricated crossbeams 420, and prefabricated cable trenches. These components are all prefabricated in the factory using high-precision molds, ensuring dimensional consistency and reliable quality.

[0076] At the construction site, the foundation pit is first excavated according to the design requirements, and the foundation is treated. Then, the precast independent foundations 410 are precisely positioned and hoisted into designated locations within the foundation pit. Next, the precast beams 420 are hoisted and erected on top of the precast independent foundations 410. The connection node between the precast beams 420 and the precast independent foundations 410 is a critical load-bearing component. To ensure the integrity and load-bearing capacity of the entire support frame, this embodiment adopts a "dry connection + cast-in-place treatment" method for this node. That is, reinforcing bars are pre-reserved at the ends of the precast beams 420 and the precast independent foundations 410. After hoisting into place, the pre-reserved reinforcing bars are anchored and overlapped, and then high-performance concrete or grout is poured to encase the connection node as a whole. After this cast-in-place treatment, the entire support foundation 400 forms a stable frame structure, which can reliably provide support for the upper three-dimensional multi-layer precast pods.

[0077] Precast cable trenches are also prefabricated in the factory. During installation, they are placed below the precast beams 420, in the gaps between the precast independent foundations 410. The routing and location of the precast cable trenches are pre-designed according to electrical engineering requirements, and their ends connect to other cable channels within the station to form a complete cable laying network. When medium-voltage equipment 110 and other equipment in the first-floor precast compartment 100 need to be connected to external equipment via primary high-voltage cables, the cables can be directly introduced from the bottom of the compartment into the precast cable trench below and laid to the outside of the station.

[0078] Using this fully prefabricated foundation, except for connection nodes, most areas do not require extensive concrete pouring. After the foundation installation and cable trench laying are completed, except for the cable trench area, other areas are directly backfilled and compacted. This method also has a significant advantage: it solves the problem of condensation, dampness, and even water accumulation inside traditional box-type substations or prefabricated cabins using box-shaped concrete foundations, due to the enclosed bottom. This improves the operating environment of electrical equipment and extends its lifespan and reliability.

[0079] In other embodiments, to better address the heat dissipation issue of the SVG power module 120, the SVG heat exchanger can be placed in a more suitable location. For example, the SVG heat exchanger can be externally mounted on the side of the first-floor prefabricated compartment 100 and connected to the SVG power module 120 inside the compartment via an air duct to achieve heat exchange. Alternatively, when there is sufficient space on the top of the first-floor compartment and it does not affect the arrangement of equipment on the second-floor platform, the SVG heat exchanger can also be placed on top of the first-floor prefabricated compartment 100, forming a compact heat dissipation structure.

[0080] In some embodiments, the partitioning of equipment within the prefabricated cabin 100 can be more refined. For example, the secondary equipment room can be divided into integrated power supply equipment partitions, integrated protection equipment partitions, dispatching and communication equipment partitions, etc., according to function; the 35kV power distribution room can be divided into multiple switchgear equipment partitions according to the intervals of incoming lines, outgoing lines, bus tie, reactive power compensation, etc.

[0081] In some embodiments, the power structure 230 on the second-floor outdoor platform 200 not only supports the external wiring harness, but also integrates the inspection channel and maintenance platform 220, making it convenient for maintenance personnel to operate and maintain the GIS equipment 210.

[0082] In some embodiments of this application, to achieve standardized design of prefabricated components for the entire station, the prefabricated independent foundation 410, prefabricated crossbeam 420, and prefabricated cable trench all adopt standardized dimensional designs. By unifying and standardizing parameters such as the cross-sectional dimensions and length specifications of the foundation components, the standardization and serialization of component design are achieved. This facilitates mass production in the factory using high-precision molds, effectively shortens the processing time, significantly reduces mold costs, and ensures the consistency of component dimensions and the reliability of quality.

[0083] refer to Figures 7-9Based on the stress distribution and electrical equipment layout requirements, the prefabricated beams 420 include a first beam and a second beam arranged longitudinally and transversely. At the joints, the first beam and the second beam intersect perpendicularly, forming an L-shaped, T-shaped, or cross-shaped connection structure. This multi-form joint design can flexibly adapt to the structural stress requirements at different locations, ensuring the overall stability of the frame structure. For longer beams, they can be prefabricated in multiple sections according to transportation conditions and on-site hoisting capabilities. Prefabricated independent foundations 410 are also installed at the bottom of the connection joints between adjacent sections for support, forming a continuous linear structure. (Refer to...) Figure 10 This ensures uniform stress distribution and structural safety in long-span beams.

[0084] At the node connection, the mutual anchoring and mutual avoidance between the precast beam end reserved steel bars and the precast independent foundation 410 reserved steel bars are achieved through refined design.

[0085] Specifically, the reinforcing bars at the ends of the precast beam 420 and the top of the precast independent foundation 410 are arranged in an alternating manner at the joint to avoid the problem of reinforcing bar conflict in advance.

[0086] During on-site construction, after the precast crossbeam 420 is hoisted into place, the reserved steel bars at its end are tied and fixed with the reserved steel bars of the precast independent foundation 410 to form a complete steel skeleton. Then, formwork is erected and high-strength concrete or grout is poured.

[0087] This combination of "prefabrication + cast-in-place" connection method not only fully leverages the advantages of factory production and quality control of prefabricated components, but also ensures the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the overall frame through cast-in-place joints. This allows the prefabricated independent foundation 410 and the prefabricated crossbeam 420 to form a stable frame structure, providing safe and reliable support for the upper three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin.

[0088] In other embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 10 , Figure 11 The medium-voltage equipment 110 and the 35kV power distribution room in the low-voltage equipment within the prefabricated cabin 100 on the first floor are divided into five sections according to equipment size: the first switchgear equipment section 111 (1JDB, 1-1UB, 1-1SVG, 1-1U~1-5U), the second switchgear equipment section 112 (1-2UB, 1-2SVG, 1-2UYH, 1-6U~1-10U), the third switchgear equipment section 113 (1-1BY, 2-1UYH, 2-1UB, 2-1BY, 2-1U~2-5U), the fourth switchgear equipment section 114 (1-2BY, 2JDB, 2-2UB, 2-2UYH, 2-6U~2-10U), and the fifth switchgear equipment section 115 (UZB, 2-1SVG, 2-2BY, 2-2SVG).

[0089] The secondary equipment room within the second-floor prefabricated cabin 300 is divided into the following zones according to the core zoning of the prefabricated cabin: Integrated power supply equipment zone 311 (1P~30P), Integrated protection equipment zone 312 (31P~45P), Dispatch and communication equipment zone 313 (46P~75P), and corridor module zone 314.

[0090] Secondary wiring between devices within each zone uses factory wiring. Specifically, during the factory production phase, the connection relationships between each device are determined according to the design drawings, and cables of appropriate length and specifications are manufactured. Cable laying is completed in the factory, and continuity and insulation tests are performed.

[0091] Secondary wiring between adjacent zones and between adjacent zones above and below uses pre-fabricated single-end wiring at the factory, with the other end reserved for on-site connection. Specifically, during factory production, one end of the cable is pre-plugged and connected to the corresponding equipment, while the other end is reserved for sufficient length and clearly labeled. During on-site installation, the reserved end is passed through the cable tray 130 to the target equipment, and then cut to the appropriate length according to the actual location before on-site wiring. This method ensures that most of the wiring work is completed in the factory while retaining the flexibility for on-site adjustments.

[0092] In this embodiment, the amount of on-site wiring work for primary and secondary cables is greatly reduced, and the wiring quality and efficiency are improved.

[0093] The 220kV prefabricated substation in this embodiment is installed according to the following steps: Step 1: Foundation Construction The foundation pit was excavated according to the design drawings. After the foundation pit was completed, the precast independent foundation 410 was hoisted into place.

[0094] Step 2: Installation of precast crossbeams (420mm) The precast beam 420 is hoisted to the top of the precast independent foundation 410, and its position is adjusted to align the embedded steel plate. Formwork is erected at the joint, and C40 grouting material is poured. Curing is carried out for 7 days after pouring.

[0095] Step 3: Installation of prefabricated cable trenches The precast cable trenches were hoisted and positioned between the precast crossbeams at 420mm. The position and elevation of the cable trenches were adjusted to ensure overall coordination with the foundation. The joints between the cable trenches were sealed tightly with waterproof mortar.

[0096] Step 4: Prefabricated module hoisting The prefabricated cabin 100 was hoisted as a whole onto the prefabricated beam 420. A four-point hoisting method was used, with the lifting points symmetrically arranged to maintain the cabin's balance. After the cabin was in place, it was connected to the embedded parts on the prefabricated beam 420 via the bottom positioning structure and secured with bolts.

[0097] The steel components of the second-floor outdoor platform 200 were hoisted to the top of the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100 for assembly and welding. After the platform was installed, steel grating was laid and guardrails were installed.

[0098] Step 5: Electrical Equipment Installation The GIS equipment 210 and surge arrester 700 were hoisted sequentially to the second-floor outdoor platform 200; the 220kV main transformer 500 and SVG reactor 600 were hoisted to their designated positions; the medium-voltage equipment 110 and SVG power module 120 in the first-floor prefabricated cabin 100 were placed in place; and the secondary protection panel 310, low-voltage equipment, station service transformer 140, grounding transformer 150 and other equipment in the second-floor prefabricated cabin 300 were placed in place.

[0099] Step 6: Cable Connection Cable connections are made according to the design drawings. Single-ended prefabricated cables in the first-floor compartment are plugged into the corresponding equipment; single-ended prefabricated cables in the second-floor compartment are plugged into the corresponding equipment; cables between the first and second floors are connected through cable shafts and cable trays 330; cables between GIS equipment 210 and secondary equipment are connected through cable trays 130; and the 220kV main transformer 500 is connected to the GIS through overhead conductors.

[0100] Of course, in the fourth step, depending on actual needs, the three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin can also be prefabricated as a whole and then hoisted to the site.

[0101] The 220kV prefabricated substation involved in this application adopts a three-dimensional, multi-layered layout. Medium and low-voltage primary equipment and auxiliary equipment are integrated within the prefabricated cabin on the first floor, while the 220kV GIS and secondary equipment are arranged on the outdoor platform on the second floor. The power structure, lighting, and grounding system are also integrated with the cabin, achieving a high degree of functional integration for the substation. Compared to traditional distributed prefabricated cabin layouts, this solution significantly reduces the total floor area required and lowers land acquisition costs, making it particularly suitable for construction scenarios with limited land resources.

[0102] The substation adopts a modular design, with prefabricated cabins, supporting foundations, and power grids all prefabricated in the factory. Major electrical equipment is installed and pre-commissioned in the factory, requiring only foundation node pouring, cabin hoisting and splicing, and a small amount of external wiring on site. This transforms a large amount of on-site "construction" into on-site "installation," significantly shortening the construction cycle.

[0103] In addition, by designing a combination of cable interlayer and cable shaft, the most convenient path is provided for all cables in the station, and the connection distance between equipment is greatly shortened, which not only reduces material costs but also reduces line losses.

[0104] Due to the comprehensive optimization of costs such as land area, civil construction, cable usage, installation and commissioning, the overall cost of the 220kV prefabricated substation of this invention is significantly reduced compared with the conventional distributed layout scheme, resulting in significant economic and social benefits.

[0105] Whenever possible, the various aspects and features described and shown in the specification can be applied individually, and these individual aspects can serve as the subject of a divisional application.

[0106] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0107] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A 220kV prefabricated substation, characterized in that, include: Three-dimensional multi-layer prefabricated cabin, the prefabricated cabin comprising: A prefabricated cabin is provided with primary equipment and auxiliary equipment. The primary equipment includes at least one of medium-voltage equipment, grounding transformer, low-voltage equipment, station service transformer and SVG power module. The auxiliary equipment includes a storage battery. A second-floor outdoor platform is located above the first-floor prefabricated cabin. The second-floor outdoor platform is equipped with high-voltage equipment and the second-floor prefabricated cabin. The second-floor prefabricated cabin is equipped with secondary equipment. The high-voltage equipment includes a 220kV GIS. The secondary equipment includes at least one of a secondary protection panel and a monitoring room. The supporting foundation includes a prefabricated independent foundation and a prefabricated crossbeam. The prefabricated independent foundation is vertically set in the foundation pit, and the prefabricated crossbeam is horizontally fixed above the prefabricated independent foundation to support the prefabricated compartment.

2. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the second-floor prefabricated compartment is provided with a cable interlayer, and the first-floor prefabricated compartment is provided with a vertically arranged cable shaft. The second-floor prefabricated compartment is connected to the cable interlayer, the top of the cable shaft is connected to the cable interlayer, and the bottom of the cable shaft is connected to the first-floor prefabricated compartment.

3. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated cabin is equipped with a 220kV main transformer, SVG reactor, and surge arrester integrated with the prefabricated cabin; the SVG reactor and the SVG power module are connected by a cable, which passes through a pre-installed underground pipe.

4. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, An SVG heat exchanger is installed on the side or top of the prefabricated module.

5. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the first-floor prefabricated compartment is also provided with a cable tray extending along the length of the first-floor prefabricated compartment. There are at least two cable trays, which are arranged at intervals along the width of the first-floor prefabricated compartment. Secondary cable channels are formed in the cable trays.

6. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second-floor outdoor platform is also equipped with a power structure, which includes vertical and horizontal sections. There are four vertical sections located around the GIS equipment. The bottom of each vertical section is supported on the second-floor outdoor platform. The two ends of each horizontal section are connected between adjacent vertical sections to form a frame structure for supporting the external wiring harness of the GIS equipment.

7. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A grounding system is installed on the second-floor outdoor platform. The grounding system includes a metal bracket, insulators, annular galvanized flat steel, and down conductors. The metal bracket is fixed to the second-floor outdoor platform, and the insulators are fixed to the metal bracket. The annular galvanized flat steel is located on top of the insulators and surrounds the GIS equipment. One end of the down conductor is welded to the annular galvanized flat steel, and the other end is led to the main grounding grid. The grounding points of the GIS equipment's casing, voltage transformer, and grounding switch are led to the annular galvanized flat steel via copper busbars, and copper-iron transition blocks are provided at the connection points.

8. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second-floor outdoor platform is also equipped with a lighting assembly, which includes multiple lighting sources dispersedly disposed on the power structure and / or the top of the second-floor outdoor platform.

9. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of precast independent foundations is multiple, and they are spaced apart in the foundation pit. The connection nodes between the precast independent foundations and each of the precast beams are connected and fixed by cast-in-place treatment.

10. The 220kV prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting foundation also includes a prefabricated cable trench located below the prefabricated crossbeam, which is used to connect the medium-voltage equipment to external equipment.

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