Automatic cleaning and maintaining device for photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and discloses an automatic cleaning and maintaining device for photovoltaic modules, which comprises an active extension mechanism positioned on an extension driving mechanism, and a linear guide groove, a conduction shaft sleeve, a bottom support rod and an extension push rod which are matched with a side limiting frame and are used for folding and unfolding the photovoltaic modules so as to synchronously clean all the photovoltaic modules; the reflection light supplementing mechanism is located on the suspension linkage rack and matched with the extending sleeve rod to be used for forming a mirror surface structure for light reflection, and cleaning can be conducted synchronously. Axial wiping pieces transversely scrape accumulated dust on the side edges of the assemblies along hinged shaft frames, axial wiping wheels longitudinally roll and brush the front faces of photovoltaic panels through linear guide rail pieces, in the stacked state, the axial wiping wheels make contact with the front faces of the multiple layers of photovoltaic bearing plates and the back face of the half-arranged bearing plate at the same time, and multi-face cleaning is completed through one-time action. The concentrated reflecting plate is driven by the linkage ripping bar to rotate in the cleaning stage, the surface cleaning structure of the concentrated reflecting plate rubs against the photovoltaic panel back plate, and stains on the back of the concentrated reflecting plate and the assembly are synchronously removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, specifically to an automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy is a renewable and clean energy source. With the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality being set, carbon emission targets are becoming increasingly stringent, and clean energy will gradually replace traditional fossil fuels. Photovoltaics, as a technology that directly utilizes solar energy to generate electricity, is being used more and more widely. In recent years, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power plants has been increasing year by year, and in the next decade, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power plants will further increase. Photovoltaic modules (solar panels) are composed of multiple individual solar cells connected in series and parallel and encapsulated, and they are the core component of a solar power plant. Because photovoltaic modules operate outdoors for extended periods, the tempered glass surface is prone to dust and dirt accumulation, leading to a decrease in light transmittance and consequently a reduction in power generation efficiency.

[0003] Traditional photovoltaic modules suffer from low cleaning efficiency, relying on manual or single-threaded robot cleaning of each module, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and incomplete. They also have rigid space utilization, fixed tilt angle design that cannot be dynamically optimized, expansion panels that require permanent land occupation, wasteful land for cleaning channels, difficult maintenance of reflective supplementary lighting equipment, dust accumulation on reflectors that causes a sharp drop in reflectivity, manual cleaning that requires working at heights and shutting down the machine, and conflicts between power generation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules, which solves the problems of low cleaning efficiency, rigid space utilization, and difficult maintenance of reflective lighting equipment (dust accumulation and high-risk cleaning) in traditional photovoltaic modules.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules, comprising: The base platform and stationary turntable are used to fix the structure of the automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules; The suspended linkage platform is located on the stationary turntable and is used to support the photovoltaic modules and the cleaning structure; The stationary spindle is located on the base platform and is used in conjunction with the stationary turntable to support the suspension linkage frame. The extension drive mechanism is located on the base platform and is used to generate the traction and folding drive force during the cleaning of photovoltaic modules; The active extension mechanism is located on the extension drive mechanism. It works with the linear guide groove of the side limit frame, the transmission bushing, the bottom support rod and the extension push rod to fold and unfold the photovoltaic modules so that all photovoltaic modules can be cleaned synchronously. The reflective lighting mechanism is located on the suspended linkage frame and works with the extension sleeve to form a mirror structure for light reflection, and can be cleaned simultaneously.

[0006] Preferably, the stationary turntable is fixed on the top of the base platform, and the suspension linkage frame is suspended above the stationary turntable and supported by the stationary main shaft erected between the suspension linkage frame and the stationary turntable. The extension drive mechanism is set on the suspension linkage frame, while the active extension mechanism is set on the extension drive mechanism. The reflective supplementary lighting mechanism is set at the end of the suspension linkage frame.

[0007] Preferably, the extension drive mechanism includes a central limiting frame, a side limiting frame, a transmission sleeve, a support rotating rod, and a hydraulic drive component. The central limiting frame is fixed at the top center of the suspended linkage platform, and the side limiting frames are fixed side by side at the top of the suspended linkage platform. The linear guide groove of the side limiting frame is set on the side limiting frame in an inclined form. The transmission sleeve slides inside the suspended central limiting frame, and one end of the transmission sleeve has a bottom support rod that rotates, while the other end of the bottom support rod has a top support rod that rotates. The hydraulic drive component is mounted inside the central limiting frame on the side near the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic drive component is fixed on the transmission sleeve, while the extension rod is fixed on the end of the transmission sleeve near the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the active extension mechanism includes a photovoltaic support plate and a hinged shaft frame. The hinged shaft frame is fixed to the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate, and both ends of the hinged shaft frame slide along the linear guide groove of the side limiting frame. The hinged shaft frame is hinged to the top of the top support rod, and the other side of the photovoltaic support plate is hinged to the top of the extension push rod, so that the photovoltaic support plate is obliquely placed above the suspended linkage frame through the top support rod and the extension push rod. The width of the half-positioned support plate is half that of the photovoltaic support plate, and it rotates relative to the two sides of the photovoltaic support plate. The rotation shaft of the half-positioned support plate is provided with a snap ring structure, so that the half-positioned support plate has a driving force that always extends outward and abuts against the side limiting frame.

[0009] Preferably, the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism includes an end turntable, which is fixed to one end of the suspended linkage frame and faces the active extension mechanism. At the same time, a side-mounted rotating frame is rotatably attached to the end of the end turntable away from the suspended linkage frame, and a concentrated reflector is fixed to the side wall of the side-mounted rotating frame facing the suspended linkage frame.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the support rod is hinged to the intersection of the bottom support rod and the top support rod, and the extension push rod is hinged to the end of the transmission bushing near the hydraulic drive component.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of the hinged shaft frame is provided with an axial rubbing pad for displacement driven by a lead screw.

[0012] Preferably, the photovoltaic carrier plate has a linear guide rail on the photovoltaic carrier surface side, and the output end of the linear guide rail is provided with an axial rubbing wheel, which is attached to the carrier surface of the photovoltaic carrier plate.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating shaft of the side-mounted rotating frame is equipped with a reset spring structure.

[0014] Preferably, a linkage pry bar is fixed at the bottom end of the concentrated reflector plate, and the linkage pry bar is placed on the displacement trajectory of the extension sleeve.

[0015] This invention provides an automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules. It has the following advantages: 1. This invention improves cleaning efficiency: The axial wiping blade scrapes away dust accumulated on the side edge of the component laterally along the hinged shaft frame, and the axial wiping wheel rolls longitudinally on the front of the photovoltaic panel through the linear guide rail. In the stacked state, the axial wiping wheel simultaneously contacts the front of the multi-layer photovoltaic support plate and the back of the half-mounted support plate, realizing multi-sided cleaning in a single action. The concentrated reflector is driven to rotate by the linkage pry bar during the cleaning stage, and its surface cleaning structure rubs against the back of the photovoltaic panel, simultaneously removing dirt from itself and the back of the component. 2. This invention fully utilizes energy efficiency: In the non-cleaning state, the concentrated reflector is positioned to the optimal reflection angle by the reset spring, accurately refracting ambient light onto the surface of the unfolded photovoltaic module, improving the light capture rate under low light conditions. The cleaning process is completed by folding the module, without disassembly or shutdown. The reflective supplementary lighting mechanism switches to an auxiliary cleaning unit during cleaning, and the supplementary lighting function and the cleaning function are used in a time-sharing manner to ensure continuous power generation. 3. This invention improves mechanical reliability: The hydraulic drive component is synchronously controlled through the transmission bushing: the top support rod and the extension push rod adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module, the extension sleeve triggers the rotation of the reflection and supplementary light mechanism, the displacement of the hinged shaft starts the cleaning structure, simplifying the transmission chain and reducing the failure rate. The inclined guide groove of the side limit frame accurately guides the sliding trajectory of the hinged shaft, ensuring that the photovoltaic support plate is absolutely horizontally stacked when folded. The snap ring structure of the half-mounted support plate makes its folding and unfolding completely passive and coordinated, without the need for an additional control module. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension linkage frame structure assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the suspension linkage frame structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the active extension mechanism and the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the extension drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the active extension mechanism structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the active extension mechanism structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic support plate structure of the present invention.

[0017] The components include: 1. Base platform; 2. Stationary turntable; 3. Suspended linkage frame; 4. Stationary main shaft; 5. Extension drive mechanism; 6. Active extension mechanism; 7. Reflective supplementary lighting mechanism; 51. Central limiting frame; 52. Side limiting frame; 53. Conductive bushing; 54. Bottom support rod; 55. Top support rod; 56. Hydraulic drive component; 57. Extension sleeve rod; 58. Support rotating rod; 59. Extension push rod; 61. Photovoltaic carrier plate; 62. Hinge shaft frame; 63. Semi-mounted carrier plate; 64. Axial wiping plate; 65. Linear guide rail component; 66. Axial wiping wheel; 71. End turntable; 72. Side-mounted rotating frame; 73. Centralized reflector plate; 74. Linkage pry bar. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 2 This invention provides an automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules, comprising: a base platform 1 and a stationary turntable 2, used for fixing the structure of the automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules. The stationary turntable 2 is fixed on the top of the base platform 1, and the base platform 1 provides overall support. The stationary turntable 2 is fixed on its top to form the equipment base plane. The two together support the suspended linkage frame 3 and the photovoltaic modules, ensuring that the equipment maintains structural stability when cleaning or unfolding. The fixing function of the stationary turntable 2 allows the suspended linkage frame 3 to rotate around its axis to adapt to different light angles. Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3The suspended linkage platform 3 is located on the stationary turntable 2 and is used to support the photovoltaic modules and the cleaning structure. The suspended linkage platform 3 is suspended above the stationary turntable 2 and is suspended in the air through the stationary main shaft 4. It directly supports the extension drive mechanism 5 and the active extension mechanism 6. Its suspension design provides space for the photovoltaic modules to unfold and guides the modules to stack when folding. The end of the platform integrates a reflective supplementary light mechanism 7, which realizes the switching between cleaning and supplementary light functions through linkage. The suspended linkage platform 3 is suspended in the air through the stationary main shaft 4 and directly supports the extension drive mechanism 5 and the active extension mechanism 6. Its suspension design provides space for the photovoltaic modules to unfold and guides the modules to stack when folding. The end of the platform integrates a reflective supplementary light mechanism 7, which realizes the switching between cleaning and supplementary light functions through linkage. Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 The stationary main shaft 4 is located on the base platform 1 and is used in conjunction with the stationary turntable 2 to support the suspended linkage frame 3. The suspended linkage frame 3 is suspended above the stationary turntable 2 and is supported by the stationary main shaft 4 erected between the suspended linkage frame 3 and the stationary turntable 2. The stationary main shaft 4 is vertically connected to the base platform 1 and the suspended linkage frame 3, providing rotational support. The main shaft allows the suspended linkage frame 3 to rotate around its axis, and works with the stationary turntable 2 to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic module. Its rigid structure ensures that the module's folding trajectory is stable when the extension drive mechanism 5 applies force. Please see the appendix Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 7 The extension drive mechanism 5 is located on the base platform 1 and is used to generate traction and folding drive force during photovoltaic module cleaning. The extension drive mechanism 5 is set on the suspended linkage platform 3. The hydraulic drive component 56 extends and pushes the transmission sleeve 53 to slide in the central limit frame 51. The displacement of the transmission sleeve 53 drives the bottom support rod 54 and the top support rod 55 to unfold or fold. At the same time, the extension push rod 59 is pulled to push and pull the photovoltaic support plate 61. The extension sleeve 57 moves synchronously with the transmission sleeve 53, triggering the rotation of the reflection and supplementary light mechanism 7. Please see the appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 7The extended drive mechanism 5 includes a central limiting frame 51, a side limiting frame 52, a transmission sleeve 53, a support rotating rod 58, and a hydraulic drive component 56. The central limiting frame 51 is fixed to the top center of the suspension linkage platform 3, and the side limiting frames 52 are fixed side by side to the top of the suspension linkage platform 3. The linear guide groove of the side limiting frame 52 is set on the side limiting frame 52 in an inclined form. The transmission sleeve 53 slides inside the suspension central limiting frame 51, and one end of the transmission sleeve 53 has a bottom support rod 54 that rotates, and the other end of the bottom support rod 54 has a top support rod 55 that rotates. The hydraulic drive component... 56 is mounted inside the central limiting frame 51 on one side near the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic drive component 56 is fixed on the transmission bushing 53, while the extension sleeve 57 is fixed on the end of the transmission bushing 53 near the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7. The central limiting frame 51 constrains the linear movement of the transmission bushing 53, and the inclined guide groove of the side limiting frame 52 guides the sliding of the hinged shaft frame 62. The support rotating rod 58 is hinged at the intersection of the bottom support rod 54 and the top support rod 55 to enhance the folding stability. The hydraulic drive component 56 is a single power source that synchronously controls the transmission bushing 53 and the extension sleeve 57. Please see the appendix Figure 6 -Appendix Figure 7 One end of the support rod 58 is hinged to the intersection of the bottom support rod 54 and the top support rod 55, and the extension push rod 59 is hinged to the end of the transmission sleeve 53 near the hydraulic drive component 56. When the transmission sleeve 53 slides, the bottom support rod 54 rotates around its hinge point, which in turn lifts or presses down the photovoltaic support plate 61 in conjunction with the top support rod 55. One end of the extension push rod 59 is hinged to receive the traction of the transmission sleeve 53, and the other end pushes the side edge of the photovoltaic support plate 61, forming a dual-point drive with the top support rod 55.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 7 -Appendix Figure 8 The active extension mechanism 6 is located on the extension drive mechanism 5. It works with the linear guide groove of the side limiting frame 52, the conduction bushing 53, the bottom support rod 54, and the extension push rod 59 to fold and unfold the photovoltaic modules so that all photovoltaic modules can be cleaned synchronously. The active extension mechanism 6 is mounted on the extension drive mechanism 5. The photovoltaic support plate 61 slides along the guide groove of the side limiting frame 52 through the hinged shaft frame 62. The tilt angle is controlled by the top support rod 55 and the extension push rod 59. When folding, the hinged shaft frame 62 moves towards the center and the photovoltaic support plate 61 is stacked horizontally. When unfolding, it slides in the opposite direction to restore the tilt position. The half-mounted support plate 63 is automatically unfolded or folded by the snap ring. Please see the appendix Figure 7 -Appendix Figure 10The active extension mechanism 6 includes a photovoltaic support plate 61 and a hinged shaft 62. The hinged shaft 62 is fixed to the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate 61, and both ends of the hinged shaft 62 slide along the linear guide groove of the side limiting frame 52. The hinged shaft 62 is hinged to the top of the top support rod 55. The other side of the photovoltaic support plate 61 is hinged to the top of the extension push rod 59, so that the photovoltaic support plate 61 is obliquely placed above the suspended linkage platform 3 through the top support rod 55 and the extension push rod 59. The width of the half-positioned support plate 63 is half that of the photovoltaic support plate 61. The half-mounted support plate 63 rotates relative to the photovoltaic support plate 61 on both sides, and the rotation axis of the half-mounted support plate 63 is provided with a snap ring structure, so that the half-mounted support plate 63 has a driving force that always extends outward and abuts against the side limiting frame 52. When the photovoltaic support plate 61 is tilted, the half-mounted support plate 63 is extended outward by the snap ring force and abuts against the side limiting frame 52, thereby expanding the light-receiving area. When folded, the half-mounted support plate 63 is released from the constraint of the side limiting frame 52 and automatically overlaps on the back of the photovoltaic support plate 61. The axial wiping plate 64 moves laterally on the side of the hinged shaft frame 62 through the screw to clean the side edge. Please see the appendix Figure 8 -Appendix Figure 10 An axial wiping pad 64 driven by a screw is provided on the outer side of the hinged shaft 62. The axial wiping pad 64 is driven by the external screw of the hinged shaft 62 and moves laterally reciprocating when the photovoltaic modules are stacked to scrape off the dust accumulated between the modules. The movement trajectory of the wiping pad is synchronized with the displacement of the hinged shaft 62 to ensure that all stacked layers are covered. Please see the appendix Figure 8 -Appendix Figure 10 A linear guide rail 65 is provided on the side of the photovoltaic support surface of the photovoltaic support plate 61, and an axial wiping wheel 66 is provided at the output end of the linear guide rail 65 and is attached to the support surface of the photovoltaic support plate 61. The linear guide rail 65 is fixed to the edge of the photovoltaic support plate 61 and drives the axial wiping wheel 66 to move longitudinally along the surface of the photovoltaic plate. In the stacked state, the axial wiping wheel 66 simultaneously contacts the front of the multi-layer photovoltaic support plate 61 and the back of the half-mounted support plate 63 to achieve multi-sided roller brush cleaning.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 6 The reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7 is located on the suspended linkage frame 3. It works with the extension sleeve 57 to form a mirror structure for light reflection and can be cleaned simultaneously. The reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7 is located at the end of the suspended linkage frame 3. The end turntable 71 is fixed to the end of the suspended linkage frame 3, supporting the side-mounted rotating frame 72 and the concentrated reflective plate 73. When the extension sleeve 57 moves, it presses the linkage pry bar 74, driving the side-mounted rotating frame 72 to rotate. The concentrated reflective plate 73 refracts light in the unfolded state and contacts the back of the photovoltaic panel in the cleaned state. Please see the appendix Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 6The reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7 includes an end turntable 71, which is fixed to one end of the suspended linkage frame 3 and faces the active extension mechanism 6. At the same time, a side-mounted rotating frame 72 is rotatably mounted on the end of the end turntable 71 away from the suspended linkage frame 3. A concentrated reflector plate 73 is fixed to the side wall of the side-mounted rotating frame 72 facing the suspended linkage frame 3. The end turntable 71 provides a fulcrum for the rotation of the side-mounted rotating frame 72. When the side-mounted rotating frame 72 is pressed down by the linkage lever 74, it drives the concentrated reflector plate 73 to rotate towards the stacked photovoltaic modules. The surface cleaning structure of the concentrated reflector plate 73 rubs against the back of the photovoltaic panel to remove stains. After resetting, the supplementary lighting angle is restored. Please see the appendix Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 6 The rotating shaft of the side-mounted rotating frame 72 is equipped with a reset spring structure. The rotating shaft of the side-mounted rotating frame 72 has a built-in reset spring. When the extension sleeve 57 disengages from the linkage pry bar 74, the spring force drives the side-mounted rotating frame 72 to rotate, so that the concentrated reflector 73 automatically resets to the supplementary light angle. Please see the appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 6 A linkage lever 74 is fixed at the bottom of the concentrated reflector 73, and the linkage lever 74 is placed on the displacement trajectory of the extension sleeve 57. The linkage lever 74 is fixed at the bottom of the concentrated reflector 73 and placed on the displacement path of the extension sleeve 57. When the extension sleeve 57 moves forward, it presses the linkage lever 74 downward, forcing the concentrated reflector 73 to contact the back of the photovoltaic module. When it retracts, the pressure is released, and the reset spring pulls the reflector back.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, embodiments of the present invention also provide the working principle of an automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules, including the following: Cleaning preparation stage, non-clean state The hydraulic drive component 56 of the extension drive mechanism 5 is in a retracted state. The transmission sleeve 53 slides along the central limiting frame 51 away from the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7. The displacement of the transmission sleeve 53 pushes the bottom support rod 54 to rotate around its hinge point with the transmission sleeve 53. The bottom support rod 54 simultaneously pushes the top support rod 55 to unfold around its hinge point with the bottom support rod 54. The unfolding action of the top support rod 55 lifts the photovoltaic support plate 61 through the hinged shaft frame 62, suspending it at an inclined angle above the suspension linkage frame 3. The extension push rod 59 moves with the transmission sleeve 53, and its top end pushes the other side of the photovoltaic support plate 61, forming a stable inclined support together with the top support rod 55. The hinged shaft frame 62 slides along the linear guide groove of the side limiting frame 52 to the far end. When the photovoltaic carrier plate 61 reaches its maximum unfolding angle, the half-mounted carrier plates 63 on both sides are automatically rotated outward by the driving force of the rotating shaft retaining spring structure. The unfolded end of the half-mounted carrier plate 63 abuts against the side of the side-mounted limiting frame 52, forming a horizontally extended photovoltaic working surface. The total area is expanded to twice that of the photovoltaic carrier plate 61, and the illumination of the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7 is enhanced. The extension sleeve 57 retracts with the conduction shaft sleeve 53, relieving the pressure on the linkage pry bar 74. The side-mounted rotating frame 72 is driven by the reset retaining spring structure, which drives the concentrated reflector plate 73 to rotate to the light reflection angle facing the photovoltaic module. The concentrated reflector plate 73 refracts external light onto the surface of the unfolded photovoltaic carrier plate 61 and the half-mounted carrier plate 63, improving the overall light energy absorption efficiency. Clean Implementation Phase, Photovoltaic Module Turnover Trigger The hydraulic drive component 56 of the extension drive mechanism 5 extends, pushing the transmission sleeve 53 to slide along the central limiting frame 51 towards the reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7. The displacement of the transmission sleeve 53 pulls the bottom support rod 54 inward around the hinge point. The bottom support rod 54 pulls the top support rod 55 to fold synchronously. The folding of the top support rod 55 pulls down the photovoltaic support plate 61 through the hinge frame 62, reducing its tilt angle and gradually making it horizontal. The extension push rod 59 pulls back with the displacement of the transmission sleeve 53, pulling the other side of the photovoltaic support plate 61 closer to the suspended linkage platform 3. The photovoltaic modules are stacked and in contact with the cleaning structure. The hinge frame 62 slides towards the center along the linear guide groove of the side limiting frame 52. This forces the photovoltaic support plate 61 to move horizontally towards the center of the suspended linkage frame 3. The half-mounted support plate 63 loses the support of the side limiting frame 52 and automatically folds inward under the action of gravity and the rotating shaft retainer, stacking on the back of the photovoltaic support plate 61. The back of the photovoltaic support plate 61 contacts the half-mounted support plate 63 of the adjacent photovoltaic module, forming a multi-layer stacked structure. The back of the stacked photovoltaic support plate 61 is in close contact with the axial wiping wheel 66 on the linear guide 65. The axial wiping blade 64 cleans synchronously with the axial wiping wheel 66. The displacement trigger screw of the hinged shaft frame 62 drives the axial wiping blade 64 to move laterally and reciprocate along the outer side of the hinged shaft frame 62, scraping the side edges of the stacked photovoltaic modules. Dust accumulates, and the linear guide 65 drives the axial cleaning wheel 66 to move longitudinally along the surface of the photovoltaic support plate 61, using a roller brush to remove dirt from the front of the photovoltaic panel. The multi-layer stacked structure allows the axial cleaning wheel 66 to simultaneously contact the front of multiple sets of photovoltaic support plates 61 and the back of the half-mounted support plate 63, achieving multi-face synchronous cleaning. The reflective supplementary lighting mechanism 7 is linked to the cleaning process. The extension sleeve 57 moves forward with the conduction shaft sleeve 53, pressing the linkage pry bar 74 to deflect downward. The linkage pry bar 74 presses down to drive the side-mounted rotating frame 72 to rotate against the force of the reset spring, causing the concentrated reflector 73 to turn towards the photovoltaic module stacking structure. The mirror surface of the concentrated reflector 73 contacts the back of the photovoltaic support plate 61, and its surface is pre-cleaned. The cleaning structure rubs against the back of the photovoltaic panel to remove dirt. The rotation angle of the reflective supplementary light mechanism 7 is completely synchronized with the degree of folding of the photovoltaic module, ensuring full coverage contact of the cleaning structure. After cleaning is completed, the hydraulic drive component 56 retracts, the transmission bushing 53 resets, the top support rod 55 and the extension push rod 59 re-unfold the photovoltaic support plate 61, the half-mounted support plate 63 automatically pops open, unfolds by the force of the snap ring and abuts against the side limit frame 52, the extension sleeve rod 57 disengages from the linkage pry bar 74, the side-mounted rotating frame 72 is pulled back to its original position by the reset snap ring, the concentrated reflector plate 73 restores the supplementary light angle, and the axial wiping plate 64 and the axial wiping wheel 66 return to their initial positions, awaiting the next cleaning command.

[0023] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, include: The base platform (1) and the stationary turntable (2) are used to fix the structure of the automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules; The suspended linkage frame (3) is located on the stationary turntable (2) and is used to support the photovoltaic modules and the cleaning structure; The stationary spindle (4) is located on the base platform (1) and is used in conjunction with the stationary turntable (2) to support the suspension linkage frame (3). The extension drive mechanism (5) is located on the base platform (1) and is used to generate the traction and folding drive force during the cleaning of photovoltaic modules; The active extension mechanism (6) is located on the extension drive mechanism (5) and works with the linear guide groove of the side limit frame (52), the transmission bushing (53), the bottom support rod (54) and the extension push rod (59) to fold and unfold the photovoltaic module so that all photovoltaic modules can be cleaned synchronously. The reflective lighting mechanism (7) is located on the suspended linkage frame (3) and works with the extension sleeve (57) to form a mirror structure for light reflection, and can be cleaned simultaneously.

2. The automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stationary turntable (2) is fixed on the top of the base platform (1), and the suspension linkage frame (3) is suspended above the stationary turntable (2) and supported by the stationary main shaft (4) between the suspension linkage frame (3) and the stationary turntable (2). The extension drive mechanism (5) is set on the suspension linkage frame (3), and the active extension mechanism (6) is set on the extension drive mechanism (5). The reflective supplementary light mechanism (7) is set at the end of the suspension linkage frame (3).

3. The automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension drive mechanism (5) includes a central limiting frame (51), a side limiting frame (52), a transmission bushing (53), a support rotating rod (58), and a hydraulic drive component (56). The central limiting frame (51) is fixed at the top center of the suspended linkage platform (3), and the side limiting frames (52) are fixed side by side at the top of the suspended linkage platform (3). The linear guide groove of the side limiting frame (52) is set on the side limiting frame (52) in an inclined manner. The transmission bushing (53) slides... The device moves inside the suspended center limiting frame (51), and one end of the transmission sleeve (53) has a bottom support rod (54) that rotates, while the other end of the bottom support rod (54) has a top support rod (55) that rotates. The hydraulic drive (56) is mounted inside the center limiting frame (51) on the side near the reflective supplementary light mechanism (7), and the telescopic end of the hydraulic drive (56) is fixed on the transmission sleeve (53), while the extension sleeve (57) is fixed on the end of the transmission sleeve (53) near the reflective supplementary light mechanism (7).

4. The automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active extension mechanism (6) includes a photovoltaic support plate (61) and a hinged shaft frame (62). The hinged shaft frame (62) is fixed to the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate (61), and the two ends of the hinged shaft frame (62) slide along the linear guide groove of the side limiting frame (52). The hinged shaft frame (62) is hinged to the top of the top support rod (55), and the other side of the photovoltaic support plate (61) is hinged to the top of the extension push rod (59), so that the photovoltaic support plate (61) is obliquely placed above the suspended linkage frame (3) through the top support rod (55) and the extension push rod (59). The width of the half-mounted support plate (63) is half that of the photovoltaic support plate (61), and it rotates relative to the two sides of the photovoltaic support plate (61). The rotation axis of the half-mounted support plate (63) is provided with a snap ring structure, so that the half-mounted support plate (63) has a driving force that always extends outward and abuts against the side limiting frame (52).

5. An automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective supplementary lighting mechanism (7) includes an end turntable (71), which is fixed at one end of the suspension linkage frame (3) and faces the active extension mechanism (6). At the same time, a side-mounted rotating frame (72) is rotated at the end of the end turntable (71) away from the suspension linkage frame (3). A concentrated reflector plate (73) is fixed on the side wall of the side-mounted rotating frame (72) facing the suspension linkage frame (3).

6. An automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the support rod (58) is hinged to the intersection of the bottom support rod (54) and the top support rod (55), while the extension push rod (59) is hinged to the end of the transmission bushing (53) near the hydraulic drive component (56).

7. An automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer side of the hinged shaft bracket (62) is provided with an axial friction plate (64) for screw-driven displacement.

8. An automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic carrier plate (61) has a linear guide rail (65) on the photovoltaic carrier surface side, and the output end of the linear guide rail (65) is provided with an axial rubbing wheel (66) and is attached to the carrier surface of the photovoltaic carrier plate (61).

9. An automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating shaft of the side-mounted rotating frame (72) is equipped with a reset snap ring structure.

10. An automated cleaning and maintenance device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom end of the central reflector (73) is fixed with a linkage pry bar (74), and the linkage pry bar (74) is placed on the displacement trajectory of the extension sleeve (57).

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