Automobile OTA upgrade coordination method and terminal

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile OTA upgrade coordination method and a terminal, and the method comprises the steps: transmitting a data packet to each sub-terminal in a vehicle end according to received upgrade preparation information of the vehicle end, measuring the round-trip time of the data packet, determining a network speed evaluation value of each sub-terminal based on the round-trip time, obtaining the size and transmission time of the data packet, and carrying out the upgrade coordination of the vehicle end. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a network speed evaluation value of each sub-terminal, calculating the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal according to the size of a data packet and transmission time, determining the suitable data block size of each sub-terminal based on the network speed evaluation value and the network bandwidth, determining the transmission rate of each sub-terminal based on the network bandwidth, and carrying out OTA upgrading on the sub-terminals based on the data block size and the transmission rate. In this way, before OTA upgrading is prepared every time, accurate network speed evaluation is carried out in a data packet sending mode, the data block size and the transmission rate suitable for the sub-terminal are determined, then OTA upgrading is carried out on the basis of the data block size and the transmission rate, the data transmission rate is effectively improved, and therefore the OTA upgrading efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of OTA upgrades, and more particularly to a method and terminal for coordinating automotive OTA upgrades. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of automotive intelligence and connectivity, the demand for OTA (Over-the-Air) upgrades for automotive components and the entire vehicle is increasing daily. However, existing automotive OTA upgrade technologies have many shortcomings and challenges. On the one hand, inaccurate network speed assessments make it difficult to determine appropriate transmission strategies for different automotive terminals, resulting in low data transmission efficiency and affecting upgrade efficiency. On the other hand, insufficient synchronization across multiple terminals affects the coordination and efficiency of vehicle upgrades. Furthermore, inadequate security measures expose upgrade data to security risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and terminal for coordinating OTA upgrades for automobiles, thereby improving the efficiency of OTA upgrades.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for coordinating over-the-air (OTA) upgrades for automobiles, comprising the following steps: Receive upgrade preparation information from the vehicle terminal, and send data packets to each sub-terminal inside the vehicle terminal according to the upgrade preparation information, and measure the round-trip time of the data packets; The network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal is determined based on the round-trip time. The size and transmission time of the data packet are obtained, and the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal is calculated based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time. The appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network speed assessment value and the network bandwidth, and the transmission rate for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network bandwidth. The sub-terminal is upgraded via OTA based on the data block size and the transmission rate.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An over-the-air (OTA) upgrade coordination terminal for automobiles includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it performs the following steps: Receive upgrade preparation information from the vehicle terminal, and send data packets to each sub-terminal inside the vehicle terminal according to the upgrade preparation information, and measure the round-trip time of the data packets; The network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal is determined based on the round-trip time. The size and transmission time of the data packet are obtained, and the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal is calculated based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time. The appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network speed assessment value and the network bandwidth, and the transmission rate for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network bandwidth. The sub-terminal is upgraded via OTA based on the data block size and the transmission rate.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on the received upgrade preparation information from the vehicle terminal, data packets are sent to each sub-terminal within the vehicle terminal, and the round-trip time of the data packets is measured. Based on the round-trip time, a network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal is determined. The size and transmission time of the data packets are obtained, and the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal is calculated based on the data packet size and transmission time. Based on the network speed assessment value and network bandwidth, a suitable data block size for each sub-terminal is determined, and the transmission rate for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network bandwidth. OTA upgrades are performed on the sub-terminals based on the data block size and transmission rate. Thus, before each OTA upgrade preparation, an accurate network speed assessment is performed by sending data packets to determine the suitable data block size and transmission rate for the sub-terminal, and then OTA upgrades are performed based on the data block size and transmission rate. This effectively improves the data transmission rate, thereby increasing the efficiency of OTA upgrades. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an OTA (Over-The-Air) upgrade coordination method for automobiles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automotive OTA upgrade coordination terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the OTA upgrade coordination method for automobiles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0008] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0009] Please refer to Figure 1 A method for coordinating over-the-air (OTA) upgrades for automobiles, comprising the following steps: Receive upgrade preparation information from the vehicle terminal, and send data packets to each sub-terminal inside the vehicle terminal according to the upgrade preparation information, and measure the round-trip time of the data packets; The network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal is determined based on the round-trip time. The size and transmission time of the data packet are obtained, and the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal is calculated based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time. The appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network speed assessment value and the network bandwidth, and the transmission rate for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network bandwidth. The sub-terminal is upgraded via OTA based on the data block size and the transmission rate.

[0010] As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the received upgrade preparation information from the vehicle terminal, data packets are sent to each sub-terminal inside the vehicle terminal, and the round-trip time of the data packets is measured. Based on the round-trip time, a network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal is determined. The size and transmission time of the data packets are obtained, and the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal is calculated based on the data packet size and transmission time. Based on the network speed assessment value and network bandwidth, a suitable data block size for each sub-terminal is determined, and the transmission rate of each sub-terminal is determined based on the network bandwidth. OTA upgrades are performed on the sub-terminals based on the data block size and transmission rate. Thus, before each OTA upgrade preparation, an accurate network speed assessment is performed by sending data packets to determine the suitable data block size and transmission rate for the sub-terminal, and then OTA upgrades are performed based on the data block size and transmission rate. This effectively improves the data transmission rate, thereby improving the efficiency of OTA upgrades.

[0011] Furthermore, determining the network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal based on the round-trip time includes: If the round-trip time is less than a preset threshold, then the network speed evaluation value of the sub-terminal is determined to be a first preset value; If the round-trip time is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, then the network speed evaluation value of the sub-terminal is determined to be a second preset value; The first preset value is greater than the second preset value.

[0012] As described above, determining the network speed assessment value of a sub-terminal based on the round-trip time of data packets is beneficial for ensuring data transmission efficiency and smooth upgrades.

[0013] Further, calculating the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time includes: ; In the formula, Indicates network bandwidth. Indicates the size of the data packet. Indicates the transmission time.

[0014] As described above, the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal is calculated based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time. The network bandwidth can intuitively represent the network status of the sub-terminal, which is convenient for determining the most suitable transmission strategy for the sub-terminal.

[0015] Furthermore, determining the appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal based on the network speed assessment value and the network bandwidth includes: Calculate the network level of each sub-terminal based on the network bandwidth and the network speed evaluation value; Get the preset minimum data block size, preset maximum data block size, and preset maximum network level; The appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal is calculated based on the network level, the preset minimum data block size, the preset maximum data block size, and the preset highest network level.

[0016] As described above, considering the bandwidth limitations and data transmission characteristics of automotive networks, for each sub-terminal, the appropriate data block size is calculated based on the network level, the preset minimum data block size, the preset maximum data block size, and the preset highest network level. During subsequent OTA upgrades, the upgrade task can be transmitted in blocks according to the calculated data block size, which improves data transmission efficiency and thus upgrade efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the OTA upgrade of the sub-terminal based on the data block size and the transmission rate includes: Identify the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades and those that do require collaborative upgrades from among multiple sub-terminals; A first upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that does not require collaborative upgrade is determined, and the first upgrade task is divided into blocks and transmitted to the sub-terminal that does not require collaborative upgrade based on the data block size and the transmission rate, so as to complete the first upgrade task; A second upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that needs to be upgraded is determined, and the second upgrade task is dynamically allocated to the sub-terminal that needs to be upgraded based on the network level and the transmission rate, so as to complete the second upgrade task.

[0018] As described above, during the upgrade process, some sub-terminals require collaborative upgrades while others do not. For sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades, the upgrade task can be divided and transmitted to them in blocks based on the data block size and transmission rate to achieve the most efficient upgrade. For sub-terminals that require collaborative upgrades, the second upgrade task can be dynamically allocated to them based on the network level and transmission rate to improve the coordination and efficiency of OTA upgrades.

[0019] Furthermore, the step of dynamically allocating the second upgrade task to the sub-terminal requiring collaborative upgrade based on the network level and the transmission rate to complete the second upgrade task includes: The second upgrade task is divided into a large data volume upgrade task and a small data volume upgrade task; Priorities are assigned to the upgrade tasks with large data volumes and the upgrade tasks with small data volumes, respectively; The sub-terminals that need to be upgraded collaboratively are sorted in descending order of network level and transmission rate to obtain the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded collaboratively. The large data upgrade tasks are assigned to the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in descending order of priority. After the assignment is completed, the small data upgrade tasks are assigned to the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in descending order of priority to complete the second upgrade task.

[0020] As described above, for sub-terminals requiring collaborative upgrades, they are sorted in descending order of network level and transmission rate. Large-volume upgrade tasks are then assigned to these sub-terminals in descending order of priority. After this assignment, small-volume upgrade tasks are assigned to these sub-terminals in descending order of priority to complete the second upgrade task. This ensures that large-volume, higher-priority upgrade tasks are prioritized for sub-terminals with higher network levels and faster transmission rates, while small-volume, lower-priority upgrade tasks are prioritized for sub-terminals with lower network levels and slower transmission rates. This improves the coordination of the vehicle upgrade and increases upgrade efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes: Determine whether there are any upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously among the upgrade tasks with large data volume and the upgrade tasks with small data volume. If so, determine the sub-terminal to which the upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously are assigned, and obtain the actual scheduling time of the sub-terminal to which the upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously are assigned. Calculate the synchronization time window based on the actual scheduling time; The synchronization time window is sent to the sub-terminal to which the upgrade task to be synchronized is assigned.

[0022] As described above, when there are upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously, a synchronization time window is calculated based on the actual scheduling time of the sub-terminals to which the upgrade tasks need to be completed synchronously. The synchronization time window is then sent to the sub-terminals to which the upgrade tasks need to be completed synchronously, thereby ensuring that the sub-terminals complete specific upgrade operations within the time window, ensuring the reliability of synchronous upgrades, and thus improving upgrade efficiency.

[0023] Further, the step of transmitting the first upgrade task in blocks to the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades, based on the data block size and the transmission rate, to complete the first upgrade task includes: The first upgrade task is divided into blocks based on the data block size and the transmission rate to obtain multiple first upgrade sub-tasks; Obtain the JSON data content, user identifier, task generation timestamp, task identifier number, and encryption key from the first upgrade subtask; The signature value of the first upgrade subtask is generated based on the JSON format data content, the user identifier, the task generation timestamp, the task identifier number, and the encryption key; Multiple first upgrade subtasks and their corresponding signature values ​​are transmitted to the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades at the transmission rate to complete the first upgrade task.

[0024] As described above, a corresponding signature value is generated before the data packet (upgrade task) is sent. This signature value is used by the sub-terminal to perform security verification on the received data, thereby improving the security of data transmission and thus the security of OTA upgrades.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes: During the OTA upgrade process, real-time monitoring is conducted to detect whether there are data verification failures or data loss. If so, the packet loss rate of the sub-terminals that have failed data verification or lost data is obtained, and the number of data retransmissions is determined based on the packet loss rate. Data retransmission is triggered based on the number of retransmissions mentioned above.

[0026] As described above, during the upgrade process, the system monitors in real time for data verification failures or data loss. Once a data verification failure or data loss is detected, the system automatically calculates the number of data retransmissions and triggers data retransmission, thereby ensuring complete data transmission and correct upgrade during the vehicle OTA upgrade.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 2 Another embodiment of the present invention provides an automotive OTA upgrade coordination terminal, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the various steps in the above-described automotive OTA upgrade coordination method.

[0028] The above-described automotive OTA upgrade coordination method and terminal are applicable to automotive OTA upgrade scenarios, and will be described below through specific embodiments. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows: A method for coordinating over-the-air (OTA) upgrades for automobiles, comprising the following steps: S1. Receive the upgrade preparation information from the vehicle terminal, and send the data packet to each sub-terminal inside the vehicle terminal according to the upgrade preparation information, and measure the round-trip time (RTT) of the data packet.

[0029] Before each upgrade, network speed assessment and classification are performed because different network environments (e.g., different vehicle parking locations, varying network congestion levels) can lead to differences in network speed and stability. To ensure efficient data transmission and a smooth upgrade, the network condition needs to be reassessed before each upgrade to ensure that the scheduling strategy is the optimal solution based on the current network conditions. Furthermore, by measuring network metrics such as round-trip time in real time, the network of sub-terminals can be classified in real time. Based on the latest network classification results, the data block size and task scheduling order are dynamically adjusted, which helps optimize data transmission, especially in the case of multiple terminals performing synchronous tasks, ensuring transmission efficiency and upgrade time synchronization. Therefore, network speed assessment and classification is not a one-time operation before each upgrade, but needs to be re-executed before each upgrade to ensure upgrade efficiency under actual network conditions.

[0030] S2. Determine the network speed evaluation value for each sub-terminal based on the round-trip time, such as... Figure 3 As shown, specifically including S21-S22: S21. If the round-trip time is less than a preset threshold, the network speed evaluation value of the sub-terminal is determined to be a first preset value.

[0031] S22. If the round-trip time is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, then the network speed evaluation value of the sub-terminal is determined to be a second preset value.

[0032] Wherein, the first preset value is greater than the second preset value.

[0033] In one optional implementation, the first preset value is 1, the second preset value is 0, and the mathematical formula for determining the network speed evaluation value of each sub-terminal can be expressed as: ; In the formula, This represents the network speed assessment value. Indicates round-trip time. This indicates a preset threshold.

[0034] Assumption The time is 200 milliseconds, as measured by a certain sub-terminal. If it is 180 milliseconds, then the sub-terminal's =1, if a certain sub-terminal measures If it is 250 milliseconds, then =0.

[0035] S3. Obtain the size and transmission time of the data packet, and calculate the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time.

[0036] The calculation of the network bandwidth for each sub-terminal based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time includes: ; In the formula, Indicates network bandwidth. Indicates the size of the data packet. Indicates the transmission time.

[0037] For example, data packet size The transmission time of a certain sub-terminal is 500KB. If it takes 2 seconds, then its network bandwidth is... =500KB / 2s=250KB / s.

[0038] S4. Based on the network speed assessment value and the network bandwidth, determine the appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal, and based on the network bandwidth, determine the transmission rate for each sub-terminal, such as... Figure 3 As shown, specifically including S41-S44: S41. Calculate the network level of each sub-terminal based on the network bandwidth and the network speed evaluation value, specifically as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates network level, The weighting parameters represent the network speed evaluation values. The weighted parameter representing network bandwidth This indicates the reference bandwidth value.

[0039] Assumption It is 0.6. It is 0.4. At 1000MB / s, a certain sub-terminal's =1, If it is 250KB / s, then =0.6×1+ 0.4×(250KB / s÷1000KB / s)=0.7.

[0040] The network speed assessment and classification methods described above can accurately determine the network status of different sub-terminals, providing a reliable basis for subsequent data transmission.

[0041] S42. Obtain the preset minimum data block size, preset maximum data block size, and preset maximum network level.

[0042] S43. Calculate the appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal based on the network level, the preset minimum data block size, the preset maximum data block size, and the preset highest network level, specifically as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates the size of the data block. Indicates the preset minimum data block size. Indicates the preset maximum data block size. This indicates the preset highest network level, which serves as a benchmark for network classification and transmission strategies, and is used to measure the relative network performance of each terminal.

[0043] for example, It is 50KB. It is 500KB. A value of 1 indicates that a certain sub-terminal... If it is 0.7, then its suitable value is... =50+(500-50)×(0.7÷1)=365KB.

[0044] The preset highest network level is set according to bandwidth: in some cases... It can be set to a fixed bandwidth value. For example, the system can be set to a maximum bandwidth of 1000 KB / s, and the network performance of all sub-terminals will be compared with this maximum bandwidth value.

[0045] Alternatively, the highest network level can be preset to a discrete level: network performance can be divided into levels (e.g., 1 to 10). This refers to the highest predefined level in the system (e.g., level 10), which is the actual network level of the sub-terminal. It will be measured relative to this preset highest level.

[0046] S44. Determine the transmission rate of each sub-terminal based on the network bandwidth, specifically as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates the transmission rate. This indicates the preset adjustment factor.

[0047] The preset adjustment factor can be dynamically adjusted based on specific network conditions and packet loss rate. For example, for a certain sub-terminal... With a speed of 250KB / s and an AdjustmentFactor set to 0.8, then... =250KB / s × 0.8 = 200KB / s.

[0048] Calculating the appropriate transmission rate for each sub-terminal ensures accurate and rapid transmission of upgrade data. By calculating the data block size and transmission rate, the limitations of automotive network bandwidth and the characteristics of data transmission are fully considered, thus improving data transmission efficiency.

[0049] S5. Perform an OTA upgrade on the sub-terminal based on the data block size and the transmission rate, such as... Figure 3 As shown, specifically including S51-S53: S51. Identify the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades and the sub-terminals that require collaborative upgrades from among multiple sub-terminals.

[0050] S52. Determine the first upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that does not require collaborative upgrade, and transmit the first upgrade task in blocks to the sub-terminal that does not require collaborative upgrade based on the data block size and the transmission rate to complete the first upgrade task, specifically including S521-S525: S521. Determine the first upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that does not require collaborative upgrade.

[0051] S522. The first upgrade task is divided into blocks based on the data block size and the transmission rate to obtain multiple first upgrade sub-tasks.

[0052] For example, there are sub-terminals a, b, and c that do not require coordinated upgrades. The first upgrade task of sub-terminal a is divided into blocks based on the data block size and transmission rate of sub-terminal a, resulting in multiple first upgrade sub-tasks for sub-terminal a. The first upgrade task of sub-terminal b is divided into blocks based on the data block size and transmission rate of sub-terminal b, resulting in multiple first upgrade sub-tasks for sub-terminal b, and so on.

[0053] S523. Obtain the JSON format data content (such as software version number, upgrade file size, etc.), user identifier, task generation timestamp, task identifier number and encryption key from the first upgrade subtask.

[0054] Among them, the user identifier is the user identifier for performing OTA operations, used to distinguish different user operations; the task identifier is used to uniquely identify this OTA upgrade task; and the encryption key is a key factor to ensure secure data transmission.

[0055] S524. Based on the JSON format data content, the user identifier, the task generation timestamp, the task identifier number, and the encryption key, generate the signature value of the first upgrade sub-task, specifically as follows: signature=SHA256(json_data+userName+timestamp+taskId+key); In the formula, signature represents the signature value, json_data represents the JSON format data content, userName represents the user identifier, timestamp represents the task generation timestamp, taskId represents the task identifier number, and key represents the encryption key.

[0056] S525. The first upgrade sub-tasks and their corresponding signature values ​​are transmitted to the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades at the transmission rate to complete the first upgrade task.

[0057] Before sending data, a signature value is generated for each piece of data to ensure secure data transmission.

[0058] Sub-terminals that do not require coordinated upgrades do not need to consider the progress of other terminals and rely entirely on the current terminal's network status and parameters.

[0059] S53. Determine the second upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that needs to be upgraded collaboratively, and dynamically allocate the second upgrade task to the sub-terminal that needs to be upgraded collaboratively based on the network level and the transmission rate to complete the second upgrade task, specifically including S531-S536: S531. Determine the second upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that needs to be upgraded collaboratively.

[0060] S532. Divide the second upgrade task into a large data volume upgrade task and a small data volume upgrade task.

[0061] For example, the sub-terminals that need to be upgraded together are sub-terminal d, sub-terminal e, and sub-terminal f. Based on the data volume of the task, their corresponding multiple second upgrade tasks are divided into upgrade tasks with large data volume and upgrade tasks with small data volume.

[0062] S533. Priorities are assigned to the upgrade tasks with large data volumes and the upgrade tasks with small data volumes, respectively.

[0063] In one alternative implementation, priorities are assigned to the large data volume upgrade task and the small data volume upgrade task respectively according to the importance or urgency of the task.

[0064] S534. Sort the sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in descending order of network level and transmission rate to obtain the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in a coordinated manner.

[0065] For example, sub-terminal a =0.8, =220KB / s, sub-terminal b =0.6, =180KB / s, sub-terminal c =0.7, =200KB / s, then the sorted order is: sub-terminal a, sub-terminal c, sub-terminal b.

[0066] S535. The large data volume upgrade task is assigned to the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in descending order of priority. After the assignment is completed, the small data volume upgrade task is assigned to the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in descending order of priority to complete the second upgrade task.

[0067] This ensures that sub-terminals with better network conditions can handle large data volumes and higher priority tasks, while sub-terminals with poorer network conditions are suitable for handling small data volumes and lower priority tasks.

[0068] In one optional implementation, the method further includes dynamically adjusting task allocation based on the current load of each sub-terminal. For example, if a sub-terminal has already processed a large number of tasks, new tasks are allocated to sub-terminals with lighter loads to avoid overloading a particular sub-terminal.

[0069] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: during task execution, monitoring the task execution status and network status of each sub-terminal in real time; if the network status of a sub-terminal deteriorates or the task execution is slow, immediately readjusting the task allocation and transferring the task to other sub-terminals with better conditions.

[0070] In one optional implementation, before each allocation, the JSON format data content, user identifier, task generation timestamp, task identifier number, and encryption key of each upgrade task are obtained. Based on the JSON format data content, the user identifier, the task generation timestamp, the task identifier number, and the encryption key, a signature value for each upgrade task is generated. During each allocation, the upgrade task and its corresponding signature value are allocated together to the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded collaboratively, in a manner similar to steps S523 and S524.

[0071] After receiving the task and signature value, the sub-terminal will verify the task data based on the signature value. Only if the verification passes will the data be considered safe and usable, thus ensuring the security of data transmission.

[0072] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, it also includes: S536. Determine whether there are any upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously among the upgrade tasks with large data volume and the upgrade tasks with small data volume, such as the synchronous upgrade of the engine electronic controller (ECU) and the transmission electronic controller. If so, determine the sub-terminal to which the upgrade task to be completed synchronously is assigned, and obtain the actual scheduling time of the sub-terminal to which the upgrade task to be completed synchronously is assigned; calculate the synchronization time window based on the actual scheduling time; and send the synchronization time window to the sub-terminal to which the upgrade task to be completed synchronously is assigned.

[0073] Specifically, calculating the synchronization time window based on the actual scheduling time involves: ; In the formula, Indicates the synchronization time window. This represents the actual scheduling time allocated to sub-terminal n for the upgrade task that needs to be completed synchronously. The actual scheduling time is based on the amount of data processed by the sub-terminal in the most recent task and the data transmission time. Assuming that the sub-terminal processed 300KB of data in the most recent task and the data transmission time was 2 seconds, then its actual scheduling time is 300KB ÷ 2s = 150KB / s.

[0074] For example, if the upgrade task that needs to be completed synchronously is assigned to three sub-terminals: sub-terminal q, sub-terminal w, and sub-terminal e, and their actual scheduling times are T1=130KB / s, T2=150KB / s, and T3=140KB / s respectively, then... =max(130,150,140)−min(130,150,140)=150−130=20KB / s.

[0075] Step S536 is executed synchronously with steps S533-S535.

[0076] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, it also includes: S6. During the OTA upgrade process, monitor in real time whether there are data verification failures or data loss. If so, obtain the packet loss rate of the sub-terminals where data verification failed or data was lost, and determine the number of data retransmissions based on the packet loss rate. Specifically: ; In the formula, Indicates the number of data retransmissions. Indicates the preset baseline value. This indicates the packet loss rate.

[0077] For example, if Base_Retransmit_Count is 3, the packet loss rate is... If it is 0.25, then =3+log2(0.25+1)=3+log2(1.25)≈3+0.32=3.32.

[0078] S7. Trigger data retransmission based on the number of data retransmissions.

[0079] This invention effectively improves the coordination and efficiency of vehicle upgrades through intelligent multi-terminal synchronization and task allocation mechanisms, and establishes a strict and comprehensive security verification and retransmission mechanism to ensure the complete transmission and reliable upgrading of vehicle upgrade data.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 2 Embodiment two of the present invention is as follows: An over-the-air (OTA) upgrade coordination terminal for automobiles includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the various steps of the aforementioned automobile OTA upgrade coordination method.

[0081] In summary, this invention provides a method and terminal for coordinating over-the-air (OTA) upgrades in automobiles. Based on the received upgrade preparation information from the vehicle, data packets are sent to each sub-terminal within the vehicle. The round-trip time of the data packets is measured, and a network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal is determined based on the round-trip time. The size and transmission time of the data packets are obtained, and the network bandwidth for each sub-terminal is calculated based on the data packet size and transmission time. A suitable data block size for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network speed assessment value and network bandwidth, and the transmission rate for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network bandwidth. OTA upgrades are then performed on the sub-terminals based on the data block size and transmission rate. This method ensures accurate network speed assessment before each OTA upgrade preparation by sending data packets, determining the suitable data block size and transmission rate for each sub-terminal, and then performing the OTA upgrade based on the data block size and transmission rate. This effectively improves the data transmission rate and thus enhances the efficiency of OTA upgrades. Furthermore, during the upgrade process, some sub-terminals require collaborative upgrades, while others do not. For sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades, the upgrade task can be divided and transmitted to them in blocks based on data block size and transmission rate, achieving the most efficient upgrade. For sub-terminals that require collaborative upgrades, they are sorted in descending order of network level and transmission rate. Large data volume upgrade tasks are then allocated to the sorted sub-terminals in descending order of priority. After allocation, small data volume upgrade tasks are allocated to the sorted sub-terminals in descending order of priority. This ensures that large data volume, higher priority upgrade tasks are prioritized for sub-terminals with high network level and fast transmission rate, while small data volume, lower priority upgrade tasks are prioritized for sub-terminals with low network level and slow transmission rate, improving the coordination of the entire vehicle upgrade and increasing upgrade efficiency.

[0082] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coordinating over-the-air (OTA) upgrades for automobiles, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Receive upgrade preparation information from the vehicle terminal, and send data packets to each sub-terminal inside the vehicle terminal according to the upgrade preparation information, and measure the round-trip time of the data packets; The network speed assessment value for each sub-terminal is determined based on the round-trip time. The size and transmission time of the data packet are obtained, and the network bandwidth of each sub-terminal is calculated based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time. The appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network speed assessment value and the network bandwidth, and the transmission rate for each sub-terminal is determined based on the network bandwidth. The sub-terminal is upgraded via OTA based on the data block size and the transmission rate.

2. The automotive OTA upgrade coordination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the network speed evaluation value for each sub-terminal based on the round-trip time includes: If the round-trip time is less than a preset threshold, then the network speed evaluation value of the sub-terminal is determined to be a first preset value; If the round-trip time is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, then the network speed evaluation value of the sub-terminal is determined to be a second preset value; The first preset value is greater than the second preset value.

3. The method for coordinating automotive OTA upgrades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the network bandwidth for each sub-terminal based on the size of the data packet and the transmission time includes: ； In the formula, Indicates network bandwidth. Indicates the size of the data packet. Indicates the transmission time.

4. The method for coordinating automotive OTA upgrades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal based on the network speed assessment value and the network bandwidth includes: Calculate the network level of each sub-terminal based on the network bandwidth and the network speed evaluation value; Get the preset minimum data block size, preset maximum data block size, and preset maximum network level; The appropriate data block size for each sub-terminal is calculated based on the network level, the preset minimum data block size, the preset maximum data block size, and the preset highest network level.

5. The automotive OTA upgrade coordination method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The OTA upgrade of the sub-terminal based on the data block size and the transmission rate includes: Identify the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades and those that do require collaborative upgrades from among multiple sub-terminals; A first upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that does not require collaborative upgrade is determined, and the first upgrade task is divided into blocks and transmitted to the sub-terminal that does not require collaborative upgrade based on the data block size and the transmission rate, so as to complete the first upgrade task; A second upgrade task corresponding to the sub-terminal that needs to be upgraded is determined, and the second upgrade task is dynamically allocated to the sub-terminal that needs to be upgraded based on the network level and the transmission rate, so as to complete the second upgrade task.

6. The method for coordinating automotive OTA upgrades according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of dynamically allocating the second upgrade task to the sub-terminal requiring collaborative upgrade based on the network level and the transmission rate to complete the second upgrade task includes: The second upgrade task is divided into a large data volume upgrade task and a small data volume upgrade task; Priorities are assigned to the upgrade tasks with large data volumes and the upgrade tasks with small data volumes, respectively; The sub-terminals that need to be upgraded collaboratively are sorted in descending order of network level and transmission rate to obtain the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded collaboratively. The large data upgrade tasks are assigned to the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in descending order of priority. After the assignment is completed, the small data upgrade tasks are assigned to the sorted sub-terminals that need to be upgraded in descending order of priority to complete the second upgrade task.

7. The automotive OTA upgrade coordination method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Determine whether there are any upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously among the upgrade tasks with large data volume and the upgrade tasks with small data volume. If so, determine the sub-terminal to which the upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously are assigned, and obtain the actual scheduling time of the sub-terminal to which the upgrade tasks that need to be completed synchronously are assigned. Calculate the synchronization time window based on the actual scheduling time; The synchronization time window is sent to the sub-terminal to which the upgrade task to be synchronized is assigned.

8. The automotive OTA upgrade coordination method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of transmitting the first upgrade task in blocks to the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades, based on the data block size and the transmission rate, to complete the first upgrade task includes: The first upgrade task is divided into blocks based on the data block size and the transmission rate to obtain multiple first upgrade sub-tasks; Obtain the JSON data content, user identifier, task generation timestamp, task identifier number, and encryption key from the first upgrade subtask; The signature value of the first upgrade subtask is generated based on the JSON format data content, the user identifier, the task generation timestamp, the task identifier number, and the encryption key; Multiple first upgrade subtasks and their corresponding signature values ​​are transmitted to the sub-terminals that do not require collaborative upgrades at the transmission rate to complete the first upgrade task.

9. A method for coordinating automotive OTA upgrades according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: During the OTA upgrade process, real-time monitoring is conducted to detect whether there are data verification failures or data loss. If so, the packet loss rate of the sub-terminals that have failed data verification or lost data is obtained, and the number of data retransmissions is determined based on the packet loss rate. Data retransmission is triggered based on the number of retransmissions mentioned above.

10. A vehicle OTA upgrade coordination terminal, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements each step of the automotive OTA upgrade coordination method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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