Beam management method

Abstract

The invention provides a beam management method, and relates to the technical field of communication. When the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the base station can adjust the sending configuration of the reference signal, namely, the first sending configuration is adjusted to the second sending configuration. Wherein the reference signal sending time period corresponding to the second sending configuration is longer than the reference signal sending time period corresponding to the first sending configuration, and / or the number of beams corresponding to the second sending configuration is smaller than the number of beams corresponding to the first sending configuration. Through the application, waste of base station resources is avoided, and power consumption of the base station and the mobile terminal is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a beam management method. Background Technology

[0002] With the evolution of 5G and 6G mobile communication technologies towards higher frequencies, beam management has become one of the core technologies of high-frequency communication systems. While high-frequency signals offer greater transmission bandwidth, they also suffer from signal propagation losses such as path loss and penetration loss. To address these issues, communication systems can employ massive MIMO (Multi-Input Multiple-Output) and beamforming techniques to compensate for signal propagation losses by forming high-gain, narrow beams.

[0003] Existing beam management mechanisms are primarily based on synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) and channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS). Under this mechanism, the base station needs to transmit a large amount of reference information covering the entire cell's spatial range. The terminal measures all the reference information to determine the optimal beam and reports it to the base station. The base station then adjusts the downlink beam direction based on the terminal's report, achieving beam alignment.

[0004] However, in scenarios where users reside for extended periods, such as offices and homes, the environmental structure remains stable, and signal propagation paths are stable and predictable. Existing beam management mechanisms, however, cannot recognize these scenarios and still employ beam scanning strategies covering the entire cell's spatial range. This requires base stations to transmit a large number of beams, and terminals to measure all beams, resulting in wasted base station resources and excessive terminal power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a beam management method. When a mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the base station can adjust the transmission configuration of the reference signal, thereby avoiding waste of base station resources and reducing the power consumption of the base station and the mobile terminal.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: Firstly, a beam management method is provided, applied to a mobile terminal. The method includes: the mobile terminal receiving a first reference signal transmitted by a base station, the first reference signal corresponding to a first transmission configuration; the mobile terminal sending first indication information to the base station and / or receiving second indication information transmitted by the base station, wherein the first indication information indicates that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, and the second indication information indicates that the base station adjusts its transmission configuration according to the stable communication state; the mobile terminal receiving a second reference signal transmitted by the base station, the second reference signal corresponding to a second transmission configuration. The second transmission configuration differs from the first transmission configuration, wherein the transmission time period of the reference signal corresponding to the second transmission configuration is greater than the transmission time period of the reference signal corresponding to the first transmission configuration, and / or the number of beams corresponding to the second transmission configuration is less than the number of beams corresponding to the first transmission configuration.

[0007] In this scheme, since the mobile terminal's position is basically stable and the environmental structure remains unchanged under stable communication conditions, the effective signal propagation paths are concentrated in a few fixed directions. The mobile terminal sends a first indication information to the base station or receives a second indication information from the base station, enabling the base station to adjust the transmission of the reference signal from a first transmission configuration to a second transmission configuration (longer transmission period and / or fewer beams), eliminating the need for beam scanning across the entire space. Compared to the prior art where the base station uses all beams (e.g., 64 beams) to transmit the reference signal, the second transmission configuration in this embodiment reduces the number of beams. This reduces the number of reference signals transmitted, lowers air interface resource overhead, and avoids wasting base station resources. Furthermore, the reduced number of beams received by the mobile terminal decreases the number of measurements required, reducing the measurement burden and power consumption of the mobile terminal. Simultaneously, since the second transmission configuration is determined based on the mobile terminal's stable communication state, the stability and accuracy of beam alignment are also improved, thereby increasing beam management efficiency.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first reference signal includes a synchronization signal block (SSB) and / or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS). The first transmission configuration includes a first transmission time period and / or a first beam set. The second transmission configuration includes a second transmission time period and / or a second beam set. The second transmission time period is longer than the first transmission time period; and / or, the number of beams in the second beam set is less than the number of beams in the first beam set.

[0009] This approach clarifies the specific details of the reference signal and transmission configuration. The SSB is used for initial access and cell search by the mobile terminal, while the CSI-RS is used for beam measurement and channel state information acquisition. By extending the transmission time period and / or reducing the number of beams, optimized resource allocation can be achieved under stable communication conditions, reducing the overhead of the base station and mobile terminal.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the beams in the first beam set and the beams in the second beam set each have corresponding beam information. The beam information includes at least one of the following: sector index, beam identifier, Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) status information, CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), SSB Resource Indicator, SSB Time Index, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). This beam information is used to identify and describe the characteristics of each beam, facilitating beam selection and beam management by the base station and mobile terminal.

[0011] By defining the specific content of beam information in this way, base stations and mobile terminals can accurately identify and describe the characteristics of each beam, thereby improving the accuracy of beam selection and the efficiency of beam management.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information further includes at least one downlink beam information recommended by the mobile terminal. The downlink beam information includes at least one of the following: beam identifier, CRI, SSB resource indicator, SSB time index, RSRP, SINR, received signal code power RSCP, EcN0, prediction accuracy, prediction probability, time indication information, SSB information, CSI-RS information, TCI status information, and information on the duration of use of the downlink beam by the mobile terminal.

[0013] In this way, the mobile terminal can provide the base station with recommended downlink beam information, which can help the base station to more accurately determine the target beam, further reduce the beam scanning range, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of beam selection.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, at least one downlink beam information recommended by the mobile terminal is obtained by the mobile terminal using a beam prediction model.

[0015] In this way, mobile terminals can use beam prediction models to predict downlink beams suitable for the current stable communication state, which reflects the application of AI technology in beam management and improves the intelligence level and accuracy of beam prediction.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, before the mobile terminal sends the first indication information to the base station, the method further includes: the mobile terminal receiving base station capability information sent by the base station, the base station capability information being used to indicate that the base station supports communication of the mobile terminal in a stable communication state; and the mobile terminal sending the first indication information to the base station according to the base station capability information.

[0017] In this way, through the exchange of capability information, the mobile terminal can determine whether the base station supports communication functions under stable communication conditions. Only when the base station supports the function will the mobile terminal send the first indication information, avoiding triggering invalid processes on unsupported base stations and improving system compatibility and reliability.

[0018] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, after the mobile terminal receives the first reference signal sent by the base station, the method further includes: the mobile terminal sending terminal capability information to the base station, the terminal capability information being used to indicate that the mobile terminal supports communication in a stable communication state.

[0019] In this way, the mobile terminal actively reports its own capability information to the base station, so that the base station can know whether the mobile terminal supports communication functions in a stable communication state, and thus decide whether to enable the corresponding beam management optimization strategy, thereby improving the system's flexibility and intelligence.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a stable communication state refers to a communication state in which the location of the mobile terminal changes within a preset range over a preset time period. This state reflects a scenario where the mobile terminal is relatively stationary or moving at low speed, such as an office workstation, a family living room, or a fixed commercial location.

[0021] This approach clarifies the definition of a stable communication state, enabling mobile terminals to accurately identify whether they are in a stable communication state. The preset duration can be set to 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, or 8 hours, and the preset range can be set to an area with a radius of 1 meter, 2 meters, or 5 meters centered on the mobile terminal's current location.

[0022] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: a mobile terminal acquiring target feature data, the target feature data including first channel feature data, the first channel feature data being feature data measured by the mobile terminal from a reference signal from a base station within a first time period, the first time period being a time period ending at the current time and lasting for a preset duration; the mobile terminal using the target feature data as input, running a first AI model, and outputting first output information, the first output information being used to indicate whether the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state; the first AI model being a preset AI model or obtained based on a preset AI model; when the first output information is a first value, the mobile terminal determines that it is in a stable communication state.

[0023] In this approach, mobile terminals can intelligently identify whether they are in a stable communication state using an AI model. The first AI model, based on channel characteristic data, infers and can identify the regularity and stability characteristics of channel features under stable communication conditions. Compared to simple rule-based judgments, the AI ​​model can more accurately identify stable communication states, improving accuracy. This ensures that optimized beam management strategies are only triggered under stable communication conditions, improving the applicability and reliability of beam management methods. Simultaneously, the scene recognition process based on the AI ​​model can be completed independently on the mobile terminal side, without the need for base station involvement, reducing signaling overhead.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the target feature data further includes at least one of the following: the location information of the mobile terminal in the first time period, the current dwell time of the mobile terminal in a stable communication state in the first time period, and the motion state of the mobile terminal in the first time period.

[0025] Using this approach, the first AI model can comprehensively utilize channel feature data and other auxiliary information for scene recognition. Location information reflects whether the mobile terminal has remained in a fixed location for an extended period, current dwell time reflects the duration of the mobile terminal's stay at the current location, and motion state reflects whether the mobile terminal is stationary or moving at low speed. This information provides characteristics of a stable communication state from different dimensions. The first AI model integrates these multi-dimensional features for reasoning, reducing misjudgments that may be caused by a single feature and improving the accuracy and robustness of scene recognition.

[0026] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: the mobile terminal receiving a preset AI model from the server, the preset AI model being trained by the server using first sample feature data from multiple mobile terminals in multiple stable communication scenarios; after determining that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the mobile terminal collecting its own second sample feature data in the stable communication state; and using the second sample feature data to train the first AI model to obtain the trained first AI model.

[0027] In this approach, mobile terminals can perform personalized training based on a pre-set AI model. The pre-set AI model is a general model trained on data from multiple mobile terminals under various stable communication scenarios, possessing the basic ability to identify stable communication states. The mobile terminal then trains the pre-set AI model using second-sample feature data collected from actual stable communication states, essentially fine-tuning the model to better suit its parameters to the specific characteristics of the mobile terminal and the specific stable communication scenario. The trained AI model can more accurately identify the stable communication state of the mobile terminal, improving the personalized adaptability and reliability of beam management.

[0028] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: the mobile terminal sending second sample feature data to the server, the second sample feature data being used by the server to train a preset AI model, thereby obtaining the trained preset AI model.

[0029] In this way, real-world scene data collected by mobile terminals can be fed back to the server for continuous optimization of the preset AI model. After receiving second-sample feature data from multiple mobile terminals, the server can use this data to train the preset AI model, enabling the model to continuously learn new scene features and user usage patterns, thereby improving the AI ​​model's recognition accuracy.

[0030] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first sample feature data further includes at least one of the following: location information, current dwell time, and motion state of multiple mobile terminals in multiple stable communication scenarios; the second sample feature data further includes at least one of the following: location information, current dwell time, and motion state of mobile terminals in stable communication states.

[0031] This approach incorporates auxiliary information such as location, dwell time, and motion state into the model training phase, in addition to channel feature data. This enables the AI ​​model to learn the correlation between these multi-dimensional features and stable communication states. The AI ​​model trained in this way can utilize these multi-dimensional features for scene recognition, improving its recognition capabilities and accuracy.

[0032] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, before the mobile terminal sends the first indication information to the base station, the method further includes: if it is detected that the signal quality of the mobile terminal is lower than a quality threshold, the current location of the mobile terminal is within a target location range, or the current time is within a target time range, the mobile terminal detects whether it is in a stable communication state.

[0033] In this approach, the mobile terminal can initiate the stable communication state detection process only when specific trigger conditions are met, rather than continuously performing detection. Low signal quality may indicate that beam management at the current location needs optimization; a stable communication state is more likely when the location is within a specific range, such as the user's home or workplace; and a stable location is more likely when the time is within a specific range, such as during work hours or nighttime rest periods. By using these trigger conditions, detection can be initiated only when a stable communication state is most probable, avoiding frequent and unnecessary scene detection and reducing the computational burden and power consumption of the mobile terminal.

[0034] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information further includes scene feature information, which includes multipath feature information of the channel between the mobile terminal and the base station. Different multipath feature information corresponds to different codebook types.

[0035] In this approach, the mobile terminal sends multipath feature information to the base station. This information is used to select the corresponding codebook type, enabling the base station to generate beams based on that codebook type. Since different channel environments have different multipath propagation characteristics, matching the appropriate codebook type makes the generated beams more adaptable to the actual channel environment. This allows the beam's directivity and coverage characteristics to match the channel's multipath characteristics, improving the quality and efficiency of beam transmission and further enhancing the accuracy of beam management.

[0036] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the multipath feature information is any one of the following: a first multipath feature, a second multipath feature, and a third multipath feature. The first multipath feature indicates that the channel is a dense multipath, the second multipath feature indicates that the channel is a sparse multipath, and the third multipath feature indicates that the channel is a strongly dominant multipath. The beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the first multipath feature is greater than the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the second multipath feature; the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the second multipath feature is greater than the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the third multipath feature.

[0037] In this approach, different multipath characteristics allow the base station to select an appropriate beamwidth based on the specific multipath features of the channel. In dense multipath environments, signals reach the mobile terminal via multiple paths; using a wider beam can cover more propagation paths, improving signal reception quality. In sparse multipath environments, propagation paths are relatively few; using a medium-width beam can cover effective paths while reducing interference. In environments with a strong dominant path, signals mainly propagate via a single path; using a narrow beam can concentrate energy in the dominant path direction, improving beam gain. Through this matching relationship, the beamwidth can adapt to different channel environments, improving communication quality and spectral efficiency.

[0038] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information further includes an incoming direction sector index. This incoming direction sector index is the index of the sector with the best signal quality received by the mobile terminal in a stable communication state out of its N sectors. The N sectors are divided on a horizontal plane with the mobile terminal as the center and its current orientation as the reference.

[0039] In this way, the mobile terminal can provide the base station with more accurate spatial direction information, namely the direction of arrival sector index. The direction of arrival sector index can further narrow down the selection range of the target beam, allowing the base station to focus the beam on the direction with the best signal quality from the mobile terminal. This reduces the number of beams that need to transmit reference signals, lowering resource overhead, and improves the accuracy of beam selection, making the selected beam more likely to be the optimal beam, thus enhancing beam management efficiency and communication quality.

[0040] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first indication information further includes the future dwell time predicted by the mobile terminal under stable communication conditions. The frequency at which the base station transmits the reference signal is determined based on the future dwell time.

[0041] In this approach, the mobile terminal sends its future dwell time to the base station. This future dwell time indicates the expected duration the mobile terminal will remain in a stable communication state, allowing the base station to adjust the transmission frequency of the reference signal. When the future dwell time is long, due to the stable environment and the mobile terminal's relatively unchanged position, channel state changes are slow, and this future dwell time can instruct the base station to reduce the transmission frequency of the reference signal. Thus, while ensuring beam management quality, the number of reference signal transmissions can be further reduced, lowering air interface resource overhead and the measurement burden on the mobile terminal, while also extending the mobile terminal's battery life.

[0042] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, after the mobile terminal receives the second reference signal sent by the base station, the method further includes: the mobile terminal measuring the second reference signal to obtain a measurement result; calculating the similarity between the measurement result and historical measurement results; if the similarity is less than a similarity threshold, sending third indication information to the base station, the third indication information being used to instruct the mobile terminal to exit the stable communication state; and receiving the third reference signal sent by the base station, wherein the third reference signal is transmitted through all beams of the base station, and the second reference signal is transmitted through a portion of the beams in the all beams.

[0043] In this approach, the mobile terminal can monitor changes in stable communication status by comparing the similarity between two consecutive measurement results. In a stable communication state, due to the stable environment and relatively unchanged location, continuous measurement results should have high similarity. When the similarity drops below a similarity threshold, it indicates that the environment or location may have changed, and the mobile terminal may have exited the stable communication state. At this point, the mobile terminal promptly notifies the base station to switch back to the conventional beam management strategy of full-beam scanning, ensuring that the optimal beam can be found even in non-persistent scenarios. This allows for timely adjustments when the scenario changes, ensuring the adaptability and reliability of beam management.

[0044] Secondly, a beam management method is provided, applied to a base station. The method includes: the base station transmitting a first reference signal to a mobile terminal according to a first transmission configuration; the base station receiving first indication information transmitted by the mobile terminal and / or transmitting second indication information to the mobile terminal, wherein the first indication information indicates that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, and the second indication information indicates that the base station adjusts its transmission configuration according to the stable communication state; the base station adjusting the first transmission configuration to a second transmission configuration according to the first indication information; and the base station transmitting a second reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the second transmission configuration. The second transmission configuration differs from the first transmission configuration, wherein the transmission time period of the reference signal corresponding to the second transmission configuration is longer than that of the reference signal corresponding to the first transmission configuration, and / or the number of beams corresponding to the second transmission configuration is less than the number of beams corresponding to the first transmission configuration.

[0045] Using this scheme, the base station can adjust the transmission of the reference signal from the first transmission configuration to the second transmission configuration based on the indication information provided by the mobile terminal. Since the effective signal propagation paths are concentrated in a few fixed directions under stable communication conditions, the second transmission configuration can cover these effective paths. Compared to the existing technology that uses all beams to transmit the reference signal, this scheme reduces the number of beams, thereby reducing the transmission overhead of the reference signal, reducing air interface resource occupation, and improving spectrum utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, the mobile terminal only needs to measure fewer beams, correspondingly reducing the measurement burden and power consumption, thus improving the overall efficiency of beam management.

[0046] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, adjusting the first transmission configuration to a second transmission configuration according to the first instruction information includes: adjusting the transmission time period of the reference signal from the first transmission time period to the second transmission time period, wherein the second transmission time period is greater than the first transmission time period; and / or adjusting the beam set of the transmitted reference signal from the first beam set to the second beam set, wherein the number of beams in the second beam set is less than the number of beams in the first beam set.

[0047] In this way, the base station can flexibly adjust its transmission configuration based on the instructions from the mobile terminal. By extending the transmission period, the base station can reduce the number of reference signal transmissions, thus reducing air interface resource overhead; by reducing the number of beams, the base station can reduce the number of reference signal transmissions, further reducing resource overhead. These two adjustment methods can be used individually or in combination to adapt to different communication scenarios and needs.

[0048] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, before the base station receives the first indication information sent by the mobile terminal, the method further includes: the base station sending base station capability information to the mobile terminal, the base station capability information being used to indicate that the base station supports communication of the mobile terminal in a stable communication state.

[0049] In this way, the base station actively broadcasts or unicasts its own capability information to the mobile terminal, so that the mobile terminal can know whether the base station supports communication functions in a stable communication state, and thus decide whether to initiate the corresponding process, thereby improving the system's compatibility and interoperability.

[0050] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first indication information further includes scene feature information, which includes multipath feature information of the channel between the mobile terminal and the base station. Different multipath feature information corresponds to different codebook types. The second beam set includes target beams generated based on the codebook types corresponding to the multipath feature information.

[0051] In this approach, the base station can select an appropriate codebook type to generate beams based on the multipath characteristics of the channel. Different codebook types define different beam shapes and pointing characteristics. By matching the multipath characteristics of the channel, the generated beams can better conform to the propagation characteristics of the actual channel environment. In this way, the beam's coverage and gain characteristics can adapt to the channel environment, improving the quality and efficiency of beam transmission and further optimizing beam management performance.

[0052] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first indication information further includes an incoming direction sector index. This incoming direction sector index is the index of the sector with the best signal quality received by the mobile terminal in a stable communication state out of its N sectors. The N sectors are divided on a horizontal plane with the mobile terminal as the center and its current orientation as the reference.

[0053] In this way, the base station can obtain precise directional information from the mobile terminal. When determining the beam set corresponding to the second transmission configuration, it can prioritize selecting beams pointing in the direction of that sector, or limit the range of the target beam to the direction corresponding to that sector. This makes the selection of the target beam more precise, improving the accuracy of beam selection and communication quality.

[0054] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first indication information further includes a cell identifier of a first cell, which is the cell accessed by the mobile terminal under stable communication conditions. The base station includes a preset database containing multiple cell identifiers and a candidate beam set corresponding to each cell identifier. The second beam set includes a target beam selected from the candidate beam set corresponding to the cell identifier of the first cell based on the direction-of-arrival sector index.

[0055] In this approach, a pre-set database stores a set of candidate beams for the cell under stable communication conditions. These candidate beams are valid beams verified through historical measurements. The base station further selects the beam corresponding to that direction from the candidate beam set as the target beam based on the sector index of the direction of arrival. This improves the accuracy of beam selection and achieves efficient and precise beam management.

[0056] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first indication information further includes the future dwell time predicted by the mobile terminal under stable communication conditions. The method also includes: when the future dwell time exceeds a dwell time threshold, the base station adjusts the transmission time period of the reference signal to a third transmission time period, the third transmission time period being longer than the second transmission time period.

[0057] In this approach, the base station can dynamically adjust the transmission frequency of the reference signal based on the dwell time of the mobile terminal. When the mobile terminal is expected to remain in a stable communication state for an extended period, the channel state changes slowly due to the stable environment and relatively unchanged location, eliminating the need for frequent beam measurements. The base station can further extend the transmission cycle, thereby reducing the number of reference signal transmissions while maintaining beam management quality. This reduces air interface resource overhead and the measurement burden on the mobile terminal, while also extending the battery life of the mobile terminal and improving the system's resource utilization efficiency.

[0058] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, after the base station sends a second reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the second transmission configuration, the method further includes: the base station receiving third indication information sent by the mobile terminal, the third indication information being sent by the mobile terminal when the similarity of different second reference signals is less than a similarity threshold, the third indication information being used to indicate that the mobile terminal exits the stable communication state; and the base station sending a first reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the first transmission configuration.

[0059] In this approach, the base station can work with the mobile terminal to monitor the stable communication status. When the mobile terminal detects a decrease in the similarity of the measurement results of the reference signal, indicating that the mobile terminal has exited the stable communication status, the mobile terminal notifies the base station via a third indication. Upon receiving this third indication, the base station promptly switches back to the conventional beam management strategy of full-beam scanning, ensuring that the optimal beam can still be found after the mobile terminal exits the stable communication status. In this way, the beam management strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the scenario, achieving resource optimization in the stable communication status while ensuring communication quality when the scenario changes, thus improving the flexibility and reliability of beam management.

[0060] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first indication information is used to adjust the transmission time period and / or beam set information of the beam in Set B, where Set B is a historical data set used by the base station for beam management.

[0061] Using this method, the base station can quickly determine the appropriate beam set and transmission period for the current stable communication state by utilizing the beam management history information stored in the historical data set Set B, without having to perform a full beam scan again, thus improving the efficiency and response speed of beam management.

[0062] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, before the base station sends the second indication information to the mobile terminal, the method further includes: the base station receiving terminal capability information sent by the mobile terminal, the terminal capability information being used to indicate that the mobile terminal supports communication in a stable communication state; the base station sending the second indication information to the mobile terminal according to the terminal capability information, the second indication information being used to instruct the base station to adjust the transmission configuration.

[0063] In this way, the base station can initiate the beam management optimization process only after learning that the mobile terminal supports the corresponding function, thus avoiding invalid operations on mobile terminals that do not support the function and improving the efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0064] Thirdly, a communication system is provided, including the aforementioned mobile terminal and base station. Optionally, the communication system may further include other devices that communicate with the mobile terminal and / or base station.

[0065] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0066] In one implementation, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0067] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in a mobile terminal. When the communication device is a chip configured in a mobile terminal, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0068] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0069] In one implementation, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0070] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods of either the first or second aspect described above.

[0071] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to perform the method of either the first or second aspect described above.

[0072] The technical effects of any of the design methods in aspects three through seven can be found in the technical effects of different design methods in aspects one or two, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a beam management process in related technologies; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a persistent scenario provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the input-output architecture of a first AI model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a persistent scene recognition process provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is an interaction diagram between a mobile terminal and a base station in a beam management process provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is an interaction diagram between a mobile terminal and a base station in a beam management method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is an interactive diagram of a persistent scene database establishment process provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates exemplary embodiments of this application, including various details to aid understanding. These embodiments should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of this application. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0075] In the development of mobile communication systems, the limited available bandwidth in low-frequency bands makes it difficult to meet the data transmission rate requirements of emerging services such as ultra-high-definition video, industrial IoT, and telemedicine. In contrast, high-frequency bands can provide wider spectrum bandwidth, thus supporting higher data transmission rates. Therefore, communication frequency bands are expanding to the 6GHz band and higher frequencies.

[0076] However, high-frequency communication suffers from propagation loss. According to electromagnetic wave propagation theory, the higher the frequency, the more severe the energy attenuation of the signal during propagation. Furthermore, high-frequency signals have shorter wavelengths, resulting in lower diffraction and penetration capabilities compared to low-frequency signals. In real-world communication environments, obstacles such as walls, glass, and people can severely block and absorb high-frequency signals, leading to a sharp decrease in signal strength.

[0077] To address the propagation loss problem in high-frequency communication, mobile communication systems employ massive MIMO (Massively Multi-Array) technology. By deploying numerous antenna elements at base stations and mobile terminals, beamforming techniques are used to concentrate signal energy in a specific spatial direction, thereby forming a directional beam with high gain characteristics. This directional beam can compensate for the propagation loss of high-frequency signals, ensuring the reliability of the communication link.

[0078] In large-scale antenna array systems, beam management is one of the key technologies. Beam management refers to the process by which the base station and mobile terminal work together to find and maintain the optimal beam transmission direction through a series of operations. For details, please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a beam management process in related technologies. Base station 10 and mobile terminal 20 can communicate to perform beam management, which includes beam scanning, beam measurement, beam reporting, and beam selection. In the beam scanning stage, the base station scans in different directions in space by sending reference signals. In the beam measurement stage, the mobile terminal measures the received reference signals and evaluates the signal quality of different beam directions. In the beam reporting stage, the mobile terminal reports the measurement results to the base station. In the beam selection stage, the base station selects the optimal beam direction for subsequent data transmission based on the measurement results.

[0079] Current beam management mechanisms are designed based on the principle of universality to adapt to various application scenarios. To ensure that the optimal beam can be found in all scenarios, existing beam management mechanisms adopt a full-space beam scanning strategy. That is, during the beam scanning phase, the base station transmits reference signals in multiple directions in space. The reference signals include SSB and CSI-RS. SSB is used for initial access and cell search of mobile terminals. CSI-RS is used for beam measurement and acquisition of channel state information, and can be configured with different numbers of beams as needed, typically 8, 16, or 64 beams, to cover the entire spatial range of the cell.

[0080] After receiving the reference signal, the mobile terminal measures the signal quality in each beam direction. The measurement results can include the reference signal received power, the reference signal received quality, and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR). The reference signal received power reflects the strength of the received signal, and the SNR indicates the relationship between the received signal strength and the interference noise. After completing the measurements, the mobile terminal reports the results to the base station, which then selects the beam direction with the best signal quality for subsequent data transmission based on these results.

[0081] Current 3GPP standards introduce the concepts of SetB and SetA in beam prediction mechanisms (as defined in TR 38.843). SetB represents the input dataset, typically containing a set of channel state information spanning tens to hundreds of milliseconds; SetA represents the output dataset, i.e., the set of candidate beams predicted based on SetB. However, the existing definition of SetB only contains short-term channel measurement information, making it difficult to reflect the long-term stability characteristics of the environment in a specific scenario. SetA also only predicts candidate beams for the next moment based on short-term history, lacking targeted optimization for specific scenarios.

[0082] In other words, existing beam management mechanisms suffer from inefficiency in certain scenarios. These specific scenarios refer to situations where the mobile terminal's location moves within a first preset range over a predetermined time period, such as office or home scenarios. This embodiment refers to this scenario as a persistent scenario, and the communication state of the mobile terminal in this scenario is called a stable communication state. In these scenarios, the mobile terminal's position remains essentially unchanged, and the physical structure of the surrounding environment also remains stable over a long period. For example, in an office scenario, the positions of objects such as desks, partitions, and glass curtain walls typically do not change.

[0083] Because the environmental structure is stable and the mobile terminal's position remains essentially unchanged, the signal propagation path also remains stable. The signal propagation path refers to the physical path a wireless signal takes from the base station's transmitting antenna to the mobile terminal's receiving antenna, including the direct path and the reflected path. The direct path is the propagation path where the signal reaches the mobile terminal directly without being reflected by any obstacles. The reflected path is the propagation path where the signal reaches the mobile terminal after being reflected by reflectors such as walls, glass, and metal.

[0084] In typical scenarios, effective signal propagation paths are concentrated in a few fixed directions. For example, at an office workstation, signals primarily reach the mobile terminal through reflections from glass or walls. These reflection paths correspond to beam directions 12 and 35, while the signal strength in the remaining 62 of the 64 beam directions is insufficient for communication. However, existing beam management mechanisms cannot perceive the scene type of the mobile terminal, employing the same full-space beam scanning strategy for all scenes and transmitting reference signals at the same fixed period. This forces the base station to transmit CSI-RS in 64 beam directions, requiring the mobile terminal to measure each of the 64 beams individually. Measurements of 62 of these beams are invalid, resulting in wasted resources and reduced communication efficiency.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a persistent scenario provided by an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, in a typical scenario (e.g., inside an office), base station 10 communicates with mobile terminal 20 located in a fixed position. Due to fixed obstacles or reflectors such as walls 30 indoors, only a few signal propagation paths from base station 10 to mobile terminal 20 are effective. Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency signal transmitted by base station 10 can directly reach mobile terminal 20 through direct path 201. At the same time, the radio frequency signal can also reach mobile terminal 20 through reflection path 202 formed by reflection through wall 30.

[0086] Furthermore, existing beam management mechanisms lack utilization of environmental stability. Although mobile terminals receive signals at the same location, beam scanning and measurement must be performed again each time, making it impossible to utilize historical measurement data. This repetitive beam scanning and measurement further wastes resources and reduces communication efficiency.

[0087] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a beam management method. When a base station transmits a first reference signal according to a first transmission configuration (first transmission time period, first beam set), and the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the mobile terminal sends a first indication information to the base station, or the base station sends a second indication information to the mobile terminal, triggering the base station to adjust the transmission configuration to a second transmission configuration, such that the transmission time period corresponding to the second transmission configuration is greater than the transmission time period corresponding to the first transmission configuration, and / or the number of beams corresponding to the second transmission configuration is less than the number of beams corresponding to the first transmission configuration.

[0088] The above scheme can identify whether the mobile terminal is in a persistent scenario, and reduce beam scanning overhead in persistent scenarios, reduce power consumption on both the base station and the mobile terminal, and improve the stability and efficiency of beam alignment.

[0089] It should be noted that the stable communication state in this application embodiment can also be referred to as a persistent scenario communication state, a limited beam communication state, a fixed beam communication state, a power-saving communication state, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this. Similarly, the indication information used to trigger the base station to adjust the transmission configuration can also be referred to as a persistent scenario communication indication, a limited beam communication indication, a fixed beam communication indication, a power-saving communication indication, a model switching indication, an associated ID change indication, etc., used to instruct the base station to extend the transmission time period of subsequent SSB and / or CSI-RS, and / or reduce the number of transmission beams, so as to reduce the resource overhead on both the base station and the mobile terminal.

[0090] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems. For example, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5G mobile communication systems, or new radio (NR), etc. The 5G mobile communication system described in this application includes non-standalone (NSA) 5G mobile communication systems and / or standalone (SA) 5G mobile communication systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as sixth-generation mobile communication systems. The communication system can also be a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) network, device-to-device (D2D) network, machine-to-machine (M2M) network, Internet of Things (IoT) network, or other networks.

[0091] The communication system involved in the embodiments of this application may include a base station and one or more mobile terminals connected to the base station (in this embodiment, it is basically described using one mobile terminal). Data transmission can be performed between the base station and the mobile terminal.

[0092] In this application embodiment, the mobile terminal can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. The mobile terminal can be user equipment (UE). The UE includes handheld devices, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, or computing devices with wireless communication capabilities. For example, the UE can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, or computer with wireless transceiver capabilities. The mobile terminal can also be a virtual reality (VR) mobile terminal, an augmented reality (AR) mobile terminal, a wireless mobile terminal in industrial control, a wireless mobile terminal in autonomous driving, a wireless mobile terminal in telemedicine, a wireless mobile terminal in a smart grid, a wireless mobile terminal in a smart city, a wireless mobile terminal in a smart home, etc. In this application embodiment, the mobile terminal can be a separately sold mobile terminal or a chip within a mobile terminal. The technical solutions provided in this application embodiment are described using the mobile terminal as an example of an apparatus for implementing the functions of the mobile terminal.

[0093] The base station or mobile terminal in this application embodiment can be implemented by a single device or a functional module within a single device; this application embodiment does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functions can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or chip systems. In this application embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips or can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0094] The beam management method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0095] In this embodiment, before adjusting the transmission configuration, the base station transmits a first reference signal to the mobile terminal according to a first transmission configuration. The first reference signal includes an SSB and / or a CSI-RS. The first transmission configuration includes a first transmission time period and / or a first beam set. The first transmission time period is the period during which the base station transmits the reference signal in general mode; for example, the transmission period of CSI-RS can be 10 milliseconds. The first beam set is the beam set used by the base station when performing full-space scanning in general mode, for example, containing 64 beams.

[0096] After the base station receives the first indication information sent by the mobile terminal, or after the base station sends the second indication information to the mobile terminal, the base station adjusts the first transmission configuration to the second transmission configuration and sends the second reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the second transmission configuration. The second transmission configuration differs from the first transmission configuration and specifically includes at least one of the following.

[0097] The first point is that the reference signal transmission time period (second transmission time period) corresponding to the second transmission configuration is greater than the first transmission time period. For example, the base station adjusts the CSI-RS transmission period from 10 milliseconds to 100 milliseconds. Since the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the channel state changes slowly and there is no need for frequent measurements. Reducing the transmission frequency can simultaneously reduce the base station's transmission overhead and the mobile terminal's measurement power consumption.

[0098] Secondly, the number of beams corresponding to the second transmission configuration (the number of beams in the second beam set) is less than the number of beams in the first beam set. For example, the base station reduces the number of beams transmitting CSI-RS from 64 to 2 or 3. Since the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the effective signal propagation path is concentrated in a few fixed directions, and only a small number of beams are needed to complete the measurement.

[0099] The two adjustments mentioned above can be implemented individually or simultaneously, and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. In some embodiments, the adjustment to the transmission configuration may include adjustments to SetB. The first indication information can be used to indicate adjustments to the transmission time period and / or beam set information of the beam in SetB. By extending the data acquisition time span of SetB and focusing on the effective beam direction, the long-term stability characteristics of the channel under stable communication scenarios can be more accurately reflected, thereby generating a more accurate SetA.

[0100] Each beam in the first and second beam sets can correspond to beam information. Beam information includes at least one of the following: sector index, beam identifier, Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) status information, CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), SSB Resource Indicator, SSB Time Index, Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP), and Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR). Through beam information, the base station can more accurately identify and manage each beam, improving the accuracy of beam selection.

[0101] In this embodiment of the application, the adjustment from the first transmission configuration to the second transmission configuration can be initiated by the mobile terminal or by the base station, and both initiation methods can achieve the same technical effect.

[0102] When initiated by the mobile terminal, after determining that it is in a stable communication state, the mobile terminal sends a first indication message to the base station. The first indication message is used to indicate that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, thereby triggering the base station to adjust its transmission configuration.

[0103] In some embodiments, before sending the first indication information, the mobile terminal may first receive base station capability information sent by the base station. The base station capability information indicates that the base station supports communication when the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, meaning the base station has the ability to adjust its transmission configuration according to the first indication information. After confirming that the base station possesses this capability, the mobile terminal then sends the first indication information, thereby avoiding sending invalid signaling to a base station that does not support this function.

[0104] In some embodiments, when initiated by the base station, the base station can proactively send a second indication message to the mobile terminal, instructing the base station to adjust its transmission configuration according to a stable communication state, thereby triggering the mobile terminal to enter the corresponding low-power measurement mode. Prior to this, the base station can first receive terminal capability information sent by the mobile terminal, which indicates that the mobile terminal supports communication under a stable communication state. The base station decides whether to send the second indication message to the mobile terminal based on the terminal capability information.

[0105] In other embodiments, after receiving the first reference signal from the base station, the mobile terminal may proactively send terminal capability information to the base station, informing the base station that it supports communication under stable communication conditions. Upon receiving the terminal capability information, the base station can decide whether to send a second indication message to the mobile terminal.

[0106] It should be noted that the communication capability of the mobile terminal or base station mentioned in the embodiments of this application, which supports communication in a stable communication state, can also be called by other names, such as: persistent scene communication capability, limited beam communication capability, fixed beam communication capability, power-saving communication capability, scene switching capability, model switching capability, and associated ID changing capability, etc. The embodiments of this application do not impose any restrictions on this.

[0107] The first indication information can be sent via the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). In some embodiments, the mobile terminal may add a field to the Channel State Information (CSI) or add a logical channel identifier to the Media Access Control Layer Control Unit (MAC CE) to carry the relevant content of the first indication information (see the signaling description below for details).

[0108] The following section introduces the scene recognition and feature prediction process based on AI models.

[0109] In this embodiment, the mobile terminal identifies whether it is in a frequently used scene using a first AI model and predicts scene feature information related to the frequently used scene. The first AI model can be a deep learning model, a machine learning model, or other artificial intelligence model. The first AI model is obtained based on a preset AI model. The training and inference processes of the first AI model can both be completed on the mobile terminal side without relying on the assistance of a base station or server.

[0110] The establishment of the first AI model includes the training phase of the pre-set AI model and the training phase of the first AI model.

[0111] During the training phase of the pre-built AI model, the server uses first-sample feature data from multiple mobile terminals in multiple common scenarios to train the initial model, thus obtaining the pre-built AI model. The initial model is a pre-built, untrained neural network architecture, including an input layer, several hidden layers, and an output layer.

[0112] The first set of sample feature data consists of sample data collected in various common scenarios. Specifically, sample feature data was collected from multiple mobile terminals in various common scenarios such as office, home, commercial, and industrial settings. The sample feature data collected in each common scenario corresponds to different environmental layouts, different mobile terminal locations, and different time periods to ensure the diversity of training samples.

[0113] The first sample feature data includes second channel feature data obtained by multiple mobile terminals measuring reference signals from base stations in multiple common scenarios. The second channel feature data may include parameters such as channel impulse response, channel frequency response, reference signal received power, angle of arrival, and delay spread.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first sample feature data may further include at least one of the following: location information of multiple mobile terminals in multiple persistent scenarios, current dwell time of multiple mobile terminals in multiple persistent scenarios, and motion state of multiple mobile terminals in multiple persistent scenarios.

[0115] As an example, during the process of training the initial model using the first sample feature data, the server can continuously adjust the model's weight parameters through the backpropagation algorithm, enabling the model to learn the common patterns of sample feature data under different common scenarios. After training, the resulting preset AI model has the ability to identify common scenarios.

[0116] It should be noted that the preset AI model is a general model applicable to all mobile terminals. The training data for the preset AI model consists of data collected from multiple mobile terminals in various common scenarios. Therefore, the preset AI model can be applied to the scene recognition needs of different users and different mobile terminals in various common scenarios, but its personalized adaptability to specific users is limited.

[0117] After receiving a pre-set AI model from the server, the mobile terminal can train the model to improve its adaptability to specific users. Specifically, the mobile terminal uses second-sample feature data to train the pre-set AI model, resulting in a trained first AI model. The training process of the mobile terminal on the pre-set AI model is a parameter optimization process based on the pre-set model. It uses actual data from the mobile terminal's frequent use in its localized scenarios to adjust the model parameters; this training process can also be called fine-tuning.

[0118] Specifically, after determining that it is in a persistent scene using a pre-set AI model, the mobile terminal collects second-sample feature data within that scene. During full-beam scanning, the mobile terminal can receive CSI-RS transmitted by the base station and measure channel characteristic data, including parameters such as channel impulse response, channel frequency response, reference signal received power, and angle of arrival. Simultaneously, the mobile terminal can also record auxiliary information collected during channel characteristic data acquisition. The mobile terminal stores the channel characteristic data and auxiliary information as second-sample feature data.

[0119] The second sample feature data includes third channel feature data obtained by the mobile terminal measuring reference signals from the base station in a persistent scenario. In some embodiments, the second sample feature data may further include at least one of the following: location information of the mobile terminal in the persistent scenario, current dwell time of the mobile terminal in the persistent scenario, and motion state of the mobile terminal in the persistent scenario.

[0120] The mobile terminal uses the second sample feature data to train a preset AI model, resulting in a trained first AI model. Compared to the general preset AI model, the trained first AI model can more accurately identify the mobile terminal's usual scenarios, more precisely predict scenario feature information, and improve the reliability of beam management.

[0121] The mobile terminal can train the preset AI model using supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, etc. The AI ​​model can adopt various network structures, such as convolutional neural network structure, recurrent neural network structure, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the model structure and the model training method.

[0122] After the mobile terminal completes the training of the preset AI model and obtains the first AI model, the mobile terminal can send second sample feature data to the server. After receiving the second sample feature data sent by multiple mobile terminals, the server can use this second sample feature data to train the preset AI model, thereby obtaining the trained preset AI model and continuously improving the performance of the preset AI model.

[0123] When a mobile terminal uses a first AI model for inference, the input to the first AI model may include target feature data. The target feature data includes first channel feature data and optional other auxiliary information. The first channel feature data is feature data measured by the mobile terminal from a reference signal from a base station within a first time period. The first time period is a time period ending at the current time and lasting for a preset duration, i.e., the most recent time period. The auxiliary information may include at least one of the following: the mobile terminal's location information within the first time period, the mobile terminal's current dwell time in a persistent scenario within the first time period, and the mobile terminal's motion state within the first time period.

[0124] Location information can include GPS coordinates, cell identifiers, and the Media Access Control (MAC) address of a Wi-Fi access point. Current dwell time refers to the duration the mobile terminal has remained at its current location. Motion state can be stationary, moving at low speed, or moving at high speed, and can be determined using data from sensors such as the mobile terminal's accelerometer and gyroscope.

[0125] The output of the first AI model includes first output information, which indicates whether the mobile terminal is in a persistent scenario (or a stable communication state). The first output information can be a specific result, such as a first value indicating the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state (e.g., 1), and a second value indicating the mobile terminal is not in a stable communication state (e.g., 0). The first output information can also be a probability value, representing the confidence level that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state. For example, an output value of 0.9 indicates that the mobile terminal has a 90% probability of being in a stable communication state.

[0126] In addition to the first output information used to indicate whether the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the first AI model can also output other scene feature information related to the current persistent scene of the mobile terminal. Please refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the input-output architecture of a first AI model provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the first AI model 300 is deployed in a mobile terminal and includes an input interface 310, a feature extraction network 320, and an output interface 330.

[0127] The input interface 310 is configured to receive multi-dimensional target feature data, specifically including: first channel feature data 311, current dwell time 312, motion state 313, and location information 314.

[0128] After processing the input data, the feature extraction network 320 outputs relevant information through the output interface 330. The specific processing procedure of the feature extraction network 320 is not described in detail in this embodiment. The output information may include first output information 331 (indicating whether the communication is stable), future dwell time 332, the cell ID of the first cell 333, multipath feature information 334, and the direction of arrival sector index 335. Descriptions of each piece of information can be found in subsequent content and will not be explained here. Through the above architecture, the first AI model 300 can map the underlying physical layer measurement data to the higher-level scene feature information.

[0129] It should be noted that the cell ID, multipath feature information, direction of arrival sector index, and future dwell time in the scene feature information can be calculated by the mobile terminal based on the measurement results, or directly predicted and output by the first AI model. If the mobile terminal calculates the scene feature information based on the measurement results, it can obtain this information through signal measurement and calculation instead of using the first AI model to predict it.

[0130] When the first AI model directly predicts and outputs scene feature information, the mobile terminal can directly obtain this information from the output of the first AI model without additional measurement and calculation. This application embodiment does not limit the method of obtaining scene feature information. Specifically, during model training, the first sample feature data and the second sample feature data may also include the sample cell ID, sample multipath feature information, sample arrival direction sector index, and sample dwell time of the mobile terminal in the frequently used scene, thereby enabling the trained preset AI model or the first AI model to have the ability to predict cell ID, multipath feature information, arrival direction sector index, and future dwell time.

[0131] To better understand the recognition process in resident scenes, please refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a persistent scene recognition process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0132] S401, the mobile terminal detects that the signal quality of the mobile terminal is lower than the quality threshold, the current location of the mobile terminal is within the target location range, and the current time is within the target time range, or one or more of these conditions are met.

[0133] It's important to understand that the inference process of the first AI model often consumes a significant amount of computing resources on the mobile device. If the mobile device continuously relies on the first AI model to determine whether it is in a persistent scenario, it will lead to the consumption of computing resources and increased energy consumption. Therefore, the mobile device can set preset conditions, and only activate the first AI model to make scenario judgments when the preset conditions are met.

[0134] If the signal quality of the mobile terminal is below the quality threshold, it indicates that the current beam alignment may not be optimal, and beam management needs to be re-implemented. In this case, the mobile terminal initiates a scenario determination. If it is confirmed to be in a persistent scenario, an optimized beam management strategy can be adopted. Signal quality can be measured by metrics such as reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. The quality threshold can be set according to communication requirements.

[0135] If the mobile terminal's current location falls within the target location range, it indicates that the mobile terminal may have entered a known persistent scene. The target location range can be a circular area centered on the center of the persistent scene with a preset radius. The preset radius can be set to 10 meters, 20 meters, 50 meters, or 100 meters. The target location range can also be a rectangular area, a polygonal area, or an irregular area. The mobile terminal can store a list of persistent scene locations, recording the location information of persistent scenes identified historically. If the distance between the mobile terminal's current location and a persistent scene in the list is less than a preset distance, the mobile terminal can initiate scene determination.

[0136] The current time falling within the target time range indicates that the user may act according to a specific cycle, during which the mobile device is in a persistent scenario. The target time range can be set based on the user's historical behavioral characteristics. For example, the time period from 9 AM to 6 PM on weekdays could correspond to an office scenario, while the time period from 8 PM to 7 AM the following day could correspond to a home scenario. The mobile device can acquire the user's historical behavioral characteristics to determine multiple target time ranges and the correspondence between each target time range and scenario type.

[0137] S402, the mobile terminal acquires target feature data.

[0138] The target feature data includes first channel feature data. The first channel feature data is feature data obtained by the mobile terminal from the reference signal from the base station within a first time period. The first time period is a time period ending at the current time and lasting for a preset duration.

[0139] The mobile terminal can determine first channel characteristic data based on the reference signals received from the base station. The reference signals may include CSI-RS and SSB.

[0140] Specifically, the mobile terminal measures the received CSI-RS to obtain values ​​such as reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. The mobile terminal also measures the received SSB to obtain values ​​such as SSB received power and received quality. Furthermore, the mobile terminal can calculate the channel impulse response and channel frequency response based on the received reference signal.

[0141] The first channel characteristic data may include one or more of the following: time-domain characteristics, frequency-domain characteristics, and spatial-domain characteristics. Time-domain characteristics may include parameters such as the amplitude, phase, delay spread, and coherence time of the channel impulse response. Frequency-domain characteristics may include parameters such as the amplitude, phase, and coherence bandwidth of the channel frequency response. Spatial-domain characteristics may include parameters such as the angle of arrival, departure angle, and angular spread.

[0142] In some embodiments, the target feature data may further include at least one of the following: the location information of the mobile terminal in the first time period, the current dwell time of the mobile terminal in the permanent scene in the first time period, and the motion state of the mobile terminal in the first time period.

[0143] Location information can be obtained through GPS, Wi-Fi, and the identifier of the currently connected cell. For example, a mobile terminal can determine its latitude and longitude coordinates using GPS. Another example is that a mobile terminal can scan for nearby Wi-Fi access points and determine its location based on the signal strength of each access point. Yet another example is that a mobile terminal can obtain the identifier of the currently connected cell; different cells have different identifiers.

[0144] Current dwell time refers to the duration the mobile terminal has remained at the current location. The mobile terminal can record the moment it entered the current location and determine the current dwell time based on the difference between the current time and the entry time. For example, if the mobile terminal enters an office environment at 9:00 AM and the current time is 10:00 AM, then the current dwell time is 1 hour.

[0145] Motion state can be determined using sensor data from the mobile terminal. Sensors can include accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc. Accelerometers measure the acceleration of the mobile terminal along three coordinate axes. Gyroscopes measure the angular velocity of the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal can calculate its speed based on the acceleration and angular velocity. When the speed is less than a first speed threshold, the mobile terminal is stationary. When the speed is greater than or equal to the first speed threshold but less than a second speed threshold, the mobile terminal is moving at low speed. When the speed is greater than or equal to the second speed threshold, the mobile terminal is moving at high speed. The first speed threshold can be set to 0.1 km / h. The second speed threshold can be set to 1 km / h.

[0146] S403, the mobile terminal inputs the target feature data into the first AI model and obtains the output result of the first AI model.

[0147] The output of the first AI model includes first output information. This first output information indicates whether the mobile terminal is in a persistent scenario (stable communication state). This information can be a specific result, such as 1 indicating the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, and 0 indicating the mobile terminal is not in a stable communication state. This information can also be a probability value, representing the confidence level that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state.

[0148] When the first output information is a first value (e.g., 1), the mobile terminal determines that it is in a stable communication state. When the first output information is not a first value (e.g., 0), the mobile terminal determines that it is not in a stable communication state.

[0149] When the first output information is a probability value, the mobile terminal can compare the probability value with a judgment threshold. When the probability value is greater than the judgment threshold, the mobile terminal determines that it is in a stable communication state. When the probability value is less than or equal to the judgment threshold, the mobile terminal determines that it is not in a stable communication state. The judgment threshold can be set to 0.5, 0.7, 0.8, or 0.9.

[0150] S404, The mobile terminal determines that it is in a stable communication state.

[0151] After determining that it is in a stable communication state, the mobile terminal can send first indication information to the base station. The first indication information includes an identifier indicating a stable communication state and may also carry scene feature information.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first indication information may further include at least one downlink beam information recommended by the mobile terminal. The downlink beam information includes at least one of the following: beam identifier, CSI-RS resource indicator, SSB resource indicator, SSB time index, RSRP, SINR, received signal code power, EcN0, prediction accuracy, prediction probability, time indication information, SSB information, CSI-RS information, TCI status information, and information on the duration of use of the downlink beam by the mobile terminal.

[0153] In some embodiments, the recommended downlink beam information can be obtained by the mobile terminal using a beam prediction model. Specifically, the first AI model deployed on the mobile terminal can predict the most likely optimal beam under the current stable communication state based on historical channel characteristic data, and report the prediction result as recommended downlink beam information to the base station in the first indication information, assisting the base station to directly skip the full scan and quickly determine the second beam set.

[0154] The scene feature information includes the cell ID of the first cell. The first cell is the cell that the mobile terminal accesses in a persistent scenario.

[0155] The mobile terminal can determine the cell ID of the first cell through measurement. Specifically, the mobile terminal receives the SSB or system message sent by the base station and obtains the cell ID from it.

[0156] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal can also predict the cell ID of the first cell using a first AI model. Specifically, the first AI model learns the association between different persistent scenarios and their corresponding cell IDs during training. When the mobile terminal inputs target feature data into the first AI model, the first AI model can output the predicted cell ID as the cell ID of the first cell.

[0157] The base station can query the permanent scene database based on the cell ID of the first cell to obtain the candidate beam set corresponding to that cell ID.

[0158] The permanent scenario database is a database maintained by the base station to store beam information for different permanent scenarios in different cells. The permanent scenario database can include multiple data items, each including the cell ID and the corresponding candidate beam set for that cell. The candidate beam set refers to the set of beams whose signal quality meets communication requirements under the permanent scenarios of that cell.

[0159] For example, the persistent scenario database may include the following data: cell ID is 001, and the candidate beam set includes beam number 12 and beam number 35. When the base station receives the first signaling sent by the mobile terminal, and the cell ID of the first cell included in the first signaling is 001, the base station queries the persistent scenario database to obtain the candidate beam set corresponding to cell ID 001, namely beam number 12 and beam number 35.

[0160] In some embodiments, the scene feature information may further include multipath feature information of the channel between the mobile terminal and the base station corresponding to the first cell. Different multipath feature information corresponds to different codebook types. Multipath feature refers to the characteristic that a signal travels through multiple paths to reach the receiving end during propagation; different multipath feature information corresponds to different channel propagation environments.

[0161] Multipath feature information can be any of the following: first multipath feature, second multipath feature, and third multipath feature. The first multipath feature indicates that the channel is dense multipath, the second multipath feature indicates that the channel is sparse multipath, and the third multipath feature indicates that the channel is a strong dominant path.

[0162] As an example, dense multipath can refer to a situation where the number of signal propagation paths is greater than a first threshold. Sparse multipath can refer to a situation where the number of signal propagation paths is less than a second threshold. A strong dominant multipath can refer to a situation where there is a signal propagation path with power higher than the sum of the powers of all other signal propagation paths. The second threshold can be less than the first threshold.

[0163] Mobile terminals can determine multipath characteristic information through measurement and calculation. Specifically, the mobile terminal calculates the channel impulse response based on the received reference signal and determines the multipath characteristic information based on the channel impulse response. The channel impulse response is a time-domain function describing the channel characteristics, reflecting the time delay and power information of all propagation paths the signal traverses from the transmitter to the receiver. The channel impulse response can be represented as a superposition of multiple pulses, each pulse corresponding to a propagation path. The position of the pulse indicates the time delay of that path, and the amplitude of the pulse indicates the power of that path.

[0164] The mobile terminal can count the number of pulses in the channel impulse response, i.e., the number of signal propagation paths. When the number of signal propagation paths exceeds a first threshold, the mobile terminal determines the multipath feature as the first multipath feature (dense multipath). When the number of signal propagation paths is less than a second threshold, the mobile terminal determines the multipath feature as the second multipath feature (sparse multipath). When the power of one path is greater than the sum of the powers of all other paths, the mobile terminal determines the multipath feature as the third multipath feature (strong dominant path).

[0165] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal can also predict multipath feature information using a first AI model. Specifically, the first AI model learns the correlation between different channel feature data and corresponding multipath feature information during training. When the mobile terminal inputs the target feature data into the first AI model, the first AI model can output the predicted multipath feature information.

[0166] If the base station receives first indication information containing multipath feature information, it can determine the corresponding codebook type based on the multipath feature information and generate the target beam according to that codebook type. A codebook is a set of parameters used to generate the beam. Different multipath feature information corresponds to different codebook types.

[0167] The beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the first multipath feature is greater than the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the second multipath feature. The beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the second multipath feature is greater than the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the third multipath feature.

[0168] For example, the codebook type corresponding to the first multipath feature (dense multipath) is a wide-beam codebook, the codebook type corresponding to the second multipath feature (sparse multipath) is a medium-beam codebook, and the codebook type corresponding to the third multipath feature (strong dominant path) is a narrow-beam codebook. Wide-beam codebooks are used to generate wide beams, with beamwidths of 30, 45, or 60 degrees. Narrow-beam codebooks are used to generate narrow beams, with beamwidths of 5, 10, or 15 degrees. Medium-beam codebooks generate beamwidths between those of wide and narrow beams.

[0169] In dense multipath scenarios, where there are multiple signal propagation paths, a wide beam can capture more signal energy. In sparse multipath scenarios, where there are fewer signal propagation paths, a medium beam can cover the main propagation path. In scenarios with a strong dominant multipath, a narrow beam can concentrate signal energy in the direction of the main propagation path, improving signal quality.

[0170] The field length of the multipath feature information is 2 bits. For example, a field value of 00 indicates dense multipath, a field value of 01 indicates strong dominant multipath, and a field value of 10 indicates sparse multipath.

[0171] In some embodiments, the scene feature information may further include the direction of arrival sector index of the mobile terminal. The direction of arrival sector index is the sector index of the mobile terminal with the best signal quality in the usual scene among the N sectors of the mobile terminal. The N sectors are divided on the horizontal plane with the mobile terminal as the center and the current orientation of the mobile terminal as the reference.

[0172] The mobile terminal can determine the sector index of the incoming wave direction through measurement and calculation. Specifically, the mobile terminal receives signals through an antenna array and calculates the angle of arrival of the signal using the phase difference between the signals received by different antennas. When the signal arrives at the mobile terminal's antenna array, there will be a time difference between the signals received by different antennas, resulting in a phase difference. The mobile terminal can measure the phase of the signals received by different antennas, calculate the angle of arrival based on the phase difference, and thus determine the incident direction of the signal.

[0173] A mobile terminal can divide its surrounding 360-degree space into N sectors. Each sector corresponds to an angle range. Sector indices are used to identify each sector. For example, a mobile terminal can divide the 360-degree space into 4 sectors, each sector corresponding to an angle range of 90 degrees. The first sector corresponds to an angle range of 0 to 90 degrees, the second sector corresponds to an angle range of 90 to 180 degrees, the third sector corresponds to an angle range of 180 to 270 degrees, and the fourth sector corresponds to an angle range of 270 to 360 degrees. The sector indices are 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

[0174] The mobile terminal can determine the sector containing the incident direction of the signal based on the angle of arrival of the received signal, and use the sector index of that sector as the sector index of the direction of arrival. For example, if the angle of arrival of the signal is 45 degrees, then the incident direction of the signal is located in the first sector, and the sector index is 1. The mobile terminal can use sector index 1 as the sector index of the direction of arrival and include it in the first indication information and send it to the base station.

[0175] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal can also predict the direction-of-arrival sector index using a first AI model. Specifically, the first AI model learns the correlation between different channel feature data and corresponding direction-of-arrival sector indices during training. When the mobile terminal inputs the target feature data into the first AI model, the first AI model can output the predicted direction-of-arrival sector index.

[0176] It is important to understand that during signal propagation, there may be multiple signal propagation paths, each corresponding to a different angle of arrival. In this case, the mobile terminal can choose the angle of arrival corresponding to the strongest signal propagation path as the primary incident direction, or choose the weighted average of the angles of arrival corresponding to multiple signal propagation paths as the incident direction, thereby determining the sector index of the incoming wave direction.

[0177] The number of sectors N can be set according to actual needs, and this application embodiment does not limit this. For example, the mobile terminal can also divide the 360-degree space into 8 sectors, each sector corresponding to a 45-degree angle range. In this case, the length of the incoming wave direction sector index field is 3 bits; when N is 4, the field length is 2 bits.

[0178] In other embodiments, the N sectors can also be divided horizontally with the mobile terminal as the center and based on absolute orientation. The mobile terminal determines the sector index of the sector containing the optimal beam based on the angle of arrival of the optimal beam, which serves as the direction of arrival sector index. Both sector division methods can support synchronous changes in the direction of arrival sector index when the mobile terminal's attitude changes, thereby enabling the base station to select the appropriate target beam to transmit CSI-RS based on the mobile terminal's attitude.

[0179] If the base station receives the first indication information containing the direction of arrival sector index, the base station can select the target beam corresponding to the direction of arrival sector index from the candidate beam set according to the direction of arrival sector index.

[0180] Specifically, the base station can query the persistent scenario database based on the cell ID to obtain the candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID. Then, the base station selects the target beam corresponding to the direction of arrival sector index from the candidate beam set.

[0181] For example, if the base station receives a signal with an incoming direction sector index of 1, it indicates that the signal's incident direction is located in the first sector, which is the angular range of 0 to 90 degrees. The base station can select a beam with a beam direction within the 0 to 90 degree range from the candidate beam set as the target beam.

[0182] In other embodiments, the base station can also directly determine the beam corresponding to the direction of arrival sector index based on the direction of arrival sector index. Then, the target beam includes the beams in the candidate beam set and the beam corresponding to the direction of arrival sector index.

[0183] For example, the base station queries the persistent scenario database based on the cell ID to obtain a candidate beam set including beam number 12 and beam number 35. The base station determines the corresponding beam as beam number 8 based on the sector index of the direction of arrival. Therefore, the target beams include beam number 12, beam number 35, and beam number 8.

[0184] In some embodiments, the scene feature information may further include the predicted future dwell time of the mobile terminal in the persistent scene. The future dwell time refers to the length of time the mobile terminal is expected to stay in the persistent scene.

[0185] Mobile devices can calculate and determine future dwell time. Specifically, mobile devices can record the user's historical dwell time in different frequented scenarios. For example, a mobile device can count the user's dwell time multiple times in a particular frequented scenario and calculate the average dwell time. After determining that it is in a frequented scenario, the mobile device can query the average dwell time corresponding to that scenario. The mobile device can also obtain the current dwell time, that is, the time from when the mobile device entered the frequented scenario to the current moment. The mobile device can subtract the current dwell time from the average dwell time to obtain the future dwell time.

[0186] For example, the mobile device recorded the user's historical dwell time in the office environment: 9 hours, 8.5 hours, 9.2 hours, and 8.8 hours. The mobile device calculated the average dwell time to be 8.875 hours. The current time is 10:00 AM, the mobile device entered the office environment at 9:00 AM, and the current dwell time is 1 hour. The mobile device calculates the future dwell time to be 7.875 hours.

[0187] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal may also predict the future dwell time through a first AI model.

[0188] If the base station receives a first indication message containing the future dwell time, it can adjust the CSI-RS transmission frequency based on the future dwell time. When the future dwell time exceeds a dwell time threshold, the base station can further adjust the transmission period of the reference signal to a third transmission period, which is longer than the second transmission period. The dwell time threshold can be set to 1 hour, 2 hours, or 3 hours.

[0189] For example, in a non-residential scenario, the base station sends CSI-RS every 10 milliseconds (first transmission period). In a resident scenario, the base station adjusts the transmission period to 100 milliseconds (second transmission period). When the mobile terminal reports a future residence time of 9 hours, which is greater than the residence time threshold of 2 hours, the base station can further reduce the transmission frequency, for example, by sending CSI-RS every 500 milliseconds (third transmission period). By reducing the transmission frequency, the number of measurements taken by the mobile terminal can be reduced, thus reducing the power consumption of the mobile terminal.

[0190] The duration of stay field is 8 bits or 16 bits in length. The time unit can be set to 1 minute, 5 minutes, or 10 minutes.

[0191] It is important to understand that the cell ID, multipath feature information, direction of arrival sector index, and future dwell time included in the aforementioned scene feature information can all be calculated by the mobile terminal through measurement results, or they can be the results directly predicted by the first AI model after processing the input data. After training, the first AI model has the ability to identify and predict features of channel feature data and auxiliary information, thereby obtaining the aforementioned scene feature information.

[0192] After sending the initial instruction, the base station and the mobile terminal can then interact to complete beam management. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is an interaction diagram between a mobile terminal and a base station in a beam management process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0193] S501, the base station sends a first reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the first transmission configuration.

[0194] The first transmission configuration can be a preset configuration for the base station to transmit reference signals in a general scenario, as detailed above. For example, the first beam set in this first transmission configuration can include all the beams of the base station.

[0195] S502, the mobile terminal sends the first instruction information to the base station.

[0196] The first indication information is used to indicate that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, and may also include scene feature information. The scene feature information may include at least one of the following: the cell ID of the first cell, multipath feature information, the sector index of the direction of arrival, and the future dwell time, as well as the downlink beam information recommended by the mobile terminal.

[0197] The base station receives a first indication message sent by the mobile terminal and adjusts the first transmission configuration to a second transmission configuration based on the first indication message. The target beam (second beam set) is a subset of all beams in the base station's beam set.

[0198] When the scene feature information includes the cell ID, the base station can query the permanent scene database based on the cell ID to obtain the candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID, and determine the target beam from the candidate beam set.

[0199] When scene feature information includes multipath feature information, the base station can determine the corresponding codebook type based on the multipath feature information and generate the target beam according to that codebook type. Different multipath feature information corresponds to different codebook types.

[0200] When the scene feature information includes the future dwell time, the base station can further adjust the CSI-RS transmission time period based on the future dwell time. When the future dwell time exceeds the dwell time threshold, the base station will adjust the transmission time period to a third transmission time period, which is longer than the second transmission time period.

[0201] When the scene feature information includes the direction of arrival sector index, the base station can select the target beam corresponding to the direction of arrival sector index from the candidate beam set based on the direction of arrival sector index. Alternatively, if there is no candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID in the permanent scene database, the base station can determine the beam corresponding to the direction of arrival sector index based on the direction of arrival sector index and use that beam as the target beam.

[0202] S503, the base station sends a second reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the second transmission configuration.

[0203] The second transmission configuration is the configuration for the base station to transmit a reference signal under stable communication conditions. As can be seen from the above, the number of beams in the second beam set in the second transmission configuration can be less than the number of beams in the first beam set. In some cases, the beams in the second beam set can be the target beams in the first beam set, and the base station transmits the second reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the determined target beams. The target beams are a subset of all beams in the first beam set. For example, the first beam set may contain 64 beams, while the target beams may only contain 2 or 3 beams.

[0204] S504, the mobile terminal measures the second reference signal and obtains the measurement result.

[0205] The mobile terminal receives the second reference signal sent by the base station and can measure parameters such as the reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio.

[0206] S505, the mobile terminal sends the measurement results to the base station.

[0207] The mobile terminal reports the measurement results to the base station. The base station receives the measurement results sent by the mobile terminal and can select the beam with the best signal quality based on the measurement results for subsequent data transmission.

[0208] Through the above process, the base station can dynamically adjust the reference signal transmission strategy according to the scenario in which the mobile terminal is located. In a persistent scenario, the reference signal transmitted by the base station is transmitted through the target beam, which is a portion of all beams. This reduces the number of reference signals, lowers air interface resource overhead, reduces the measurement burden on the mobile terminal, lowers the power consumption of both the base station and the mobile terminal, and improves beam management efficiency.

[0209] The above describes the initial interaction between the mobile terminal and the base station in a persistent scenario. In such scenarios, the mobile terminal may remain stationary for an extended period. To ensure communication quality, the base station can send reference signals to the mobile terminal multiple times at different times. The mobile terminal can then measure these received reference signals, obtaining multiple measurement results. Based on these results, the mobile terminal can verify whether it remains in a stable communication state.

[0210] For ease of explanation, the following explanation will use CSI-RS as the reference signal. Please refer to... Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is an interaction diagram between a mobile terminal and a base station in a beam management method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0211] S601, the base station sends the first CSI-RS to the mobile terminal through the target beam at the first moment.

[0212] In this embodiment of the application, the moment when the base station first sends CSI-RS to the mobile terminal after receiving the first signaling is referred to as the first moment. The first moment can be any moment after the base station receives the first signaling.

[0213] Accordingly, the mobile terminal receives the first CSI-RS sent by the base station at the first moment.

[0214] S602, the mobile terminal measures the first CSI-RS and obtains the first measurement result.

[0215] S603, the mobile terminal sends the first measurement result to the base station.

[0216] Accordingly, the base station receives the first measurement result sent by the mobile terminal.

[0217] The processes S601-S603 described above can be referred to the content in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated in this application embodiment.

[0218] S604, the base station sends the second CSI-RS to the mobile terminal through the target beam at the second moment.

[0219] The second time point is later than the first time point. For example, the second time point could be a time point that is an integer number of preset time periods apart from the first time point. Another example is the time after the base station receives the first measurement result.

[0220] The second CSI-RS transmitted by the base station at the second moment and the first CSI-RS transmitted by the base station at the first moment are both transmitted through the target beam. That is to say, the target beam used by the base station at the second moment is the same as the target beam used by the base station at the first moment.

[0221] Accordingly, the mobile terminal receives the second CSI-RS sent by the base station at the second moment.

[0222] S605, the mobile terminal measures the second CSI-RS and obtains the second measurement result.

[0223] The contents of S604-S605 above can also be referred to the contents of the above embodiments.

[0224] S606, the mobile terminal calculates the similarity between the first measurement result and the second measurement result.

[0225] Similarity is used to represent the degree of similarity between a first measurement result and a second measurement result. The similarity value can range from 0 to 1. The closer the similarity value is to 1, the more similar the first and second measurement results are. The closer the similarity value is to 0, the greater the difference between the first and second measurement results.

[0226] There are several ways to calculate similarity. For example, a mobile terminal can calculate the correlation coefficient between the first and second measurement results and use the correlation coefficient as the similarity. Typically, the correlation coefficient ranges from -1 to 1, and the mobile terminal can normalize the correlation coefficient to map it to the range of 0 to 1. Another example is that the mobile terminal can calculate the Euclidean distance between the first and second measurement results and then calculate the similarity based on the Euclidean distance.

[0227] The mobile terminal verifies whether it is in a stable communication state based on similarity. It is understood that the first measurement result can be considered the current CSI-RS measurement result, and the second measurement result can be considered the historical CSI-RS measurement result.

[0228] If the similarity is greater than or equal to the similarity threshold, the mobile terminal determines that it is still in a stable communication state and continues to use the second sending configuration.

[0229] If the similarity is less than the similarity threshold, the mobile terminal determines that it is not in a stable communication state (has left the persistent scenario). When the similarity is less than the similarity threshold, it means that the first measurement result and the second measurement result are significantly different, indicating that the propagation path of the signal received by the mobile terminal at the first and second moments has changed, and the mobile terminal may have left the persistent scenario.

[0230] S607, the mobile terminal sends third instruction information to the base station.

[0231] Once the mobile terminal determines that it is not in a persistent scenario, it can send a second signaling message to the base station. This second signaling message indicates that the mobile terminal is not in a persistent scenario. The second signaling message may include the aforementioned similarity score, or it may include identification information indicating that the mobile terminal is not in a persistent scenario; there is no limitation on this.

[0232] After receiving the second signaling, the base station can determine that the mobile terminal is not in a persistent scenario and revert to the beam management strategy for non-persistent scenarios.

[0233] S608, the base station transmits the third CSI-RS to the mobile terminal through all the beams of the base station.

[0234] Specifically, the base station sends the third CSI-RS to the mobile terminal at the third time. The third CSI-RS sent by the base station at the third time is transmitted through all beams of the base station. That is to say, the base station reverts to the beam management strategy of the non-permanent scenario and sends the reference signal according to the first transmission configuration (first transmission time period, all beams).

[0235] For example, the base station has a total of 64 beams, and the base station transmits the third CSI-RS through the 64 beams at the third moment.

[0236] S609, the mobile terminal measures the third CSI-RS and obtains the third measurement result.

[0237] The mobile terminal receives the third CSI-RS sent by the base station at the third moment, and measures the third CSI-RS to obtain the third measurement result.

[0238] S610, the mobile terminal sends the third measurement result to the base station.

[0239] The mobile terminal sends the third measurement result to the base station. The base station receives the third measurement result sent by the mobile terminal. Based on the third measurement result, the base station selects the beam with the best signal quality for subsequent data transmission.

[0240] Through the above process, when the mobile terminal leaves the permanent scenario, the base station can promptly revert to the beam management strategy under the non-permanent scenario to ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0241] The above content describes the interaction process between the base station and the mobile terminal during beam management in persistent scenarios. It's important to understand that the persistent scenario database in the base station can be established based on measurement results sent by the mobile terminal in persistent scenarios. In some embodiments, the base station can establish the persistent scenario database based on the measurement results reported by the mobile terminal in persistent scenarios. The persistent scenario database is used to store beam information for different persistent scenarios in different cells. The following section details the process of establishing this persistent scenario database.

[0242] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is an interactive diagram of a permanent scene database establishment process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0243] S701, the base station receives the first instruction information sent by the mobile terminal.

[0244] The first indication information includes the scene characteristic information of the mobile terminal. The scene characteristic information includes the cell ID of the first cell.

[0245] S702, the base station queries the permanent scene database based on the cell ID and determines that there is no candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID in the permanent scene database.

[0246] If the permanent scene database does not contain the cell ID of the first cell or the candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID of the first cell is empty, it indicates that the permanent scene of the cell has not been recorded. The base station needs to establish a candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID in order to save it to the permanent scene database.

[0247] S703: The base station transmits the fourth reference signal to the mobile terminal through all beams of the base station.

[0248] The total beams of a base station can be all the beams used by the base station in non-stationary scenarios. For example, the total beams of a base station can include 64 beams, which cover an angular range of 180 degrees or 360 degrees.

[0249] The base station sends a fourth reference signal to the mobile terminal through each of the entire beams, so that the mobile terminal can measure all the beams.

[0250] Accordingly, the mobile terminal receives the fourth reference signal sent by the base station.

[0251] S704, the mobile terminal measures the fourth reference signal and obtains the fourth measurement result.

[0252] The mobile terminal can measure parameters such as the reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the fourth reference signal corresponding to each beam in all beams, and obtain the fourth measurement result. The fourth measurement result includes the measurement data corresponding to each beam in all beams.

[0253] S705, the mobile terminal sends the fourth measurement result to the base station.

[0254] Accordingly, the base station receives the fourth measurement result sent by the mobile terminal.

[0255] S706, the base station determines the beam with the best signal quality based on the fourth measurement result, and stores the beam with the best signal quality in the candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID of the first cell in the permanent scenario database.

[0256] Based on the signal quality of each beam in the fourth measurement result, the base station can select beams whose signal quality meets the communication requirements and form a candidate beam set of these beams with the best signal quality. For example, the base station can add beams with reference signal received power greater than a power threshold to the candidate beam set. As another example, the base station can select the top N beams in terms of reference signal received power as the beams with the best signal quality, where N is a positive integer.

[0257] Then, the base station can create a data item in the permanent scenario database, which includes the cell ID of the first cell and the set of candidate beams corresponding to that cell ID.

[0258] Through the above process, the base station can establish a persistent scene database. When the mobile terminal re-enters the same persistent scene, the base station can directly obtain the candidate beam set from the persistent scene database without having to perform a full beam scan again.

[0259] In some embodiments, the base station can update the persistent scene database. Over time, the location of the mobile terminal in the persistent scene may change slightly, or the environmental structure in the persistent scene may change, causing the optimal beam to change. To ensure the accuracy of the candidate beam set, the base station can periodically update the persistent scene database.

[0260] Specifically, the base station can set an update cycle, such as every 1 day, 7 days, or 30 days. The base station can send the CSI-RS corresponding to each beam in the entire beam set to the mobile terminal according to the update cycle. The mobile terminal measures the CSI-RS, obtains new measurement results, and sends the new measurement results to the base station. Based on the new measurement results, the base station redetermines the candidate beam set and updates the candidate beam set corresponding to the cell ID in the persistent scenario database.

[0261] Generally, the candidate beam set in the aforementioned persistent scene database can correspond to each mobile terminal; that is, different mobile terminals may have different candidate beam sets in the same persistent scene. However, this application embodiment does not exclude the implementation where multiple mobile terminals correspond to the same candidate beam set in the same persistent scene. In some embodiments, the base station can jointly determine the candidate beam set based on the measurement results reported by multiple mobile terminals in the same persistent scene. Different mobile terminals may be located in different positions in the same persistent scene, and the received optimal beams may differ. The base station can integrate the measurement results of multiple mobile terminals to determine all possible optimal beams in the persistent scene and form these beams into a candidate beam set.

[0262] For example, in an office setting, a first mobile terminal is located at the first workstation, and measurements show that beams 12 and 35 have the best signal quality. A second mobile terminal is located at the second workstation, and measurements show that beams 35 and 48 have the best signal quality. The base station can combine beams 12, 35, and 48 into a candidate beam set and store it in a persistent scene database. When other mobile terminals enter this office setting, the base station can transmit reference signals through these three beams.

[0263] In the above embodiments, the mobile terminal sends new signaling such as first indication information and third indication information to the base station. In order to more clearly explain the information transmission process between the mobile terminal and the base station, the following will describe in detail the way the mobile terminal sends the above-mentioned new signaling to the base station in conjunction with existing information.

[0264] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal may send first indication information to the base station via physical layer signaling. Physical layer signaling is the carrier for information exchange between the mobile terminal and the base station at the physical layer. Physical layer signaling can be sent via the physical uplink control channel. The physical uplink control channel is used to carry uplink control information sent by the mobile terminal to the base station.

[0265] Uplink control information may include channel state information, hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment information, scheduling requests, etc. In this embodiment, the mobile terminal may add a field to the uplink control information to carry information from the first indication information.

[0266] Specifically, mobile terminals can add multiple fields to the channel state information or reuse existing reserved fields. The channel state information originally includes fields such as channel quality indicator, precoding matrix indicator, and rank indicator. Mobile terminals can add at least one of the following fields to the channel state information: persistent identifier field, cell ID field, multipath characteristic information field, direction of arrival sector index field, and future dwell time field.

[0267] The resident identifier field is 1 bit long. When the value of the resident identifier field is 1, it indicates that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state (resident scenario). When the value of the resident identifier field is 0, it indicates that the mobile terminal is not in a stable communication state. After receiving the resident identifier field, the base station can determine whether the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state based on the value of this field, and thus decide whether to enable the optimized beam management strategy for the resident scenario, that is, adjust the first transmission configuration to the second transmission configuration.

[0268] The multipath feature information field is 2 bits long. This field indicates the multipath characteristics of the channel between the mobile terminal and the base station. A value of 00 indicates the first multipath feature (dense multipath). A value of 01 indicates the third multipath feature (strong dominant path). A value of 10 indicates the second multipath feature (sparse multipath).

[0269] The direction of arrival (ROA) sector index field has a length of 2 bits or 3 bits. The ROA sector index field indicates the direction of incidence of the base station signal received by the mobile terminal. When the ROA sector index field has a length of 2 bits, it can represent 4 sectors, corresponding to sector indices 0, 1, 2, and 3. When the ROA sector index field has a length of 3 bits, it can represent 8 sectors, corresponding to sector indices 0 to 7.

[0270] The Future Dwell Time field is 8 bits or 16 bits long. It indicates the future dwell time of the mobile terminal in a persistent scenario. When the Future Dwell Time field is 8 bits long, it can represent a duration ranging from 0 to 255 time units. The time unit can be set to 1 minute, 5 minutes, or 10 minutes.

[0271] In some embodiments, the first indication information can also be transmitted via a physical uplink shared channel. The physical uplink shared channel is used to carry uplink data transmitted by the mobile terminal to the base station. The mobile terminal can embed the first indication information in the uplink data. Specifically, the mobile terminal can carry the first indication information in the control unit of the media access control layer.

[0272] The control unit of the Media Access Control (MAC) layer is used to transmit control information between the mobile terminal and the base station. The MAC layer control unit includes a logical channel identifier field and a control information field. The logical channel identifier field identifies the type of the control unit. The control information field carries the specific control information.

[0273] The mobile terminal can define a new logical channel identifier to represent the scene characteristic signaling carried by the control unit under stable communication conditions. The control information field includes at least one of the following: a persistent identifier field, a cell ID field, a multipath characteristic information field, an incoming wave direction sector index field, and a future dwell time field.

[0274] After receiving the transport block, the base station decodes it and extracts the control unit of the Media Access Control Layer. Based on the value of the logical channel identifier field, the base station identifies the scene characteristic signaling carried by this control unit. The base station reads the values ​​of each field from the control information field to obtain the scene characteristic information reported by the mobile terminal, and adjusts the first transmission configuration to the second transmission configuration accordingly.

[0275] Through the above, without increasing the number of information exchanges between the mobile terminal and the base station, the mobile terminal can send new signaling such as the first indication information to the base station, thereby realizing the above beam management scheme and reducing the power consumption of the base station and the mobile terminal.

[0276] As can be seen from the above, the reference information can be SSB or CSI-RS. The following is an example of the beam management method provided in this application, using these two types of reference information as examples.

[0277] In some embodiments, the terminal may perform at least one of the following actions: receiving a first SSB transmitted by a base station, the first SSB corresponding to a first transmission mode, the first transmission mode including at least one of the following: a first period, the first SSB corresponding to a first set of beams; receiving a first CSI-RS transmitted by a base station, the first CSI-RS corresponding to a second transmission mode, the second transmission mode including at least one of the following: the first CSI-RS corresponding to a second period, the first CSI-RS corresponding to a second set of beams. Wherein, the first SSB and the first CSI-RS correspond to first reference information, the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode correspond to a first transmission configuration, the first set and the second set correspond to a first beam set, and the first period and the second period correspond to a first transmission time period.

[0278] In this scenario, the terminal sends a first indication message to the base station. This first indication message may specifically be an associated ID or a model switching indication, instructing the terminal to perform fixed-location communication or specified beam communication, thereby triggering the base station to adjust at least one of a first transmission mode and a second transmission mode. Alternatively, the terminal may send a first capability indication message to the base station, indicating that the terminal supports fixed-location communication or specified beam communication. Subsequently, the terminal sends or receives a second indication message to instruct the base station to adjust at least one of the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode. Furthermore, the terminal may first receive capability information from the base station indicating support for fixed-location communication or specified beam communication, and then send the first or second indication message based on this capability information.

[0279] The beams of the first beam set mentioned above correspond to first beam information, and the beams of the second beam set correspond to second beam information. The first beam information includes at least one of the following: a first sector index, a first beam identifier, first SSB information, first CSI-RS information, first TCI state information, first CRI, first SSB resource indicator, first SSB time index, first RSRP, first SINR, corresponding time information, and corresponding spatial information. The second beam information includes at least one of the following: a second sector index, a second beam identifier, second SSB information, second CSI-RS information, second TCI state information, second CRI, second SSB resource indicator, second SSB time index, second RSRP, second SINR, corresponding time information, and corresponding spatial information.

[0280] The base station adjusts at least one of the first and second transmission modes, specifically including: the base station adjusting the transmission time period and beam set information of the beams in Set B. The adjusted behavior is as follows: the terminal receives the second SSB transmitted by the base station, the second SSB corresponding to the third transmission mode. The third transmission mode includes at least a third period greater than the first period, and / or, the number of beams in the third set is less than the number of beams in the first set. Alternatively, the terminal receives the second CSI-RS transmitted by the base station, the second CSI-RS corresponding to the fourth transmission mode. The fourth transmission mode includes at least a fourth period greater than the second period, and / or, the number of beams in the fourth set is less than the number of beams in the second set. Wherein, the second SSB and the second CSI-RS correspond to the second reference information, the third and fourth transmission modes correspond to the second transmission configuration, the third and fourth sets correspond to the second beam set, and the third and fourth periods correspond to the second transmission time period.

[0281] Based on the beam management method described above, the embodiments of this application can be applied to multiple practical application scenarios, such as semi-permanent scenarios, industrial internet scenarios, and smart home scenarios. The specific applications in different scenarios are described in detail below.

[0282] 1. Application in semi-permanent scenarios.

[0283] In some embodiments, the beam management method provided in this application can be applied to semi-permanent scenarios. A semi-permanent scenario refers to a scenario in which a mobile terminal repeatedly appears in a limited number of fixed locations within a specific time period. Unlike a permanent scenario where the mobile terminal is in a fixed location, a mobile terminal in a semi-permanent scenario moves between multiple fixed locations.

[0284] For example, semi-permanent scenarios can include supermarket checkout counters, shopping mall information desks, and corporate reception areas. In a supermarket checkout counter scenario, cashiers rotate their mobile devices between different checkout counters. In a shopping mall information desk scenario, service personnel move their mobile devices between the information desk and the office area. In a corporate reception area scenario, receptionists move their mobile devices between the reception area and their desks. In these scenarios, although the mobile devices move, the number of target locations is limited, and the environmental structure of each location remains stable.

[0285] In a semi-permanent scenario, the mobile terminal can perform scene recognition and beam management for multiple fixed locations. Specifically, the mobile terminal can train or fine-tune a first AI model for each fixed location. When the mobile terminal is at a fixed location in the semi-permanent scenario, it acquires channel feature data of the current fixed location and inputs this channel feature data into the first AI model to obtain the output of the first AI model. If the output of the first AI model indicates that the mobile terminal is in a permanent scenario (or a semi-permanent scenario), the mobile terminal sends a first signaling message to the base station. The first signaling message may contain the scene feature information as described in the above embodiments.

[0286] Furthermore, in semi-permanent scenarios, mobile terminals can locally store mappings between multiple fixed locations and historical optimal beam sets. The output of the first AI model indicates that when the mobile terminal is in a permanent scenario, it can determine its current fixed location in a semi-permanent scenario using location information.

[0287] Here, the historical best beam set for each fixed location refers to the set of N beams with the best signal quality measured by the mobile terminal at that fixed location, where N is a positive integer. Specifically, when the mobile terminal performs beam measurement for the first time at a fixed location, it can receive CSI-RS covering a preset range transmitted by the base station and measure each beam. Based on the measurement results, the mobile terminal selects the beam with a reference signal received power greater than a preset power threshold, or selects the N beams with the highest reference signal received power, to generate the historical best beam set. The mobile terminal associates this historical best beam set with the current fixed location and stores it in its local memory.

[0288] In this way, when the mobile terminal is at that fixed location, it can read the historical optimal beam set corresponding to that fixed location from its local memory, and include the information of the historical optimal beam set in the first signaling and send it to the base station. The information of the historical optimal beam set may include the beam identifier of each beam, and may also include the beam direction angle corresponding to each beam.

[0289] After receiving the first signaling, the base station can directly select a beam from the historical best beam set as the target beam based on the information in the historical best beam set, or compare the beam from the historical best beam set with the candidate beam set stored in the base station's permanent scene database, and select the intersection or union of the two as the final target beam. The base station then sends CSI-RS to the mobile terminal using the finally determined target beam.

[0290] In this way, the mobile terminal can use the locally stored historical best beam set information to help the base station quickly determine the target beam, further reducing beam scanning overhead.

[0291] 2. Applications of the Industrial Internet in various scenarios.

[0292] In some embodiments, the beam management method provided in this application can be applied to industrial internet scenarios. Industrial internet scenarios include factory automated production lines, robotic arm control, and automated guided vehicle (AGV) logistics scenarios.

[0293] In factory automated production lines, industrial control equipment is installed at fixed operating stations. The location of these stations is determined by the production line layout and typically remains unchanged after installation. Furthermore, the environmental structure of an Industrial Internet (IIoT) scenario usually does not change. In traditional beam management mechanisms, base stations need to send CSI-RS data to mobile terminals via multiple beams. The mobile terminals then need to measure each beam separately. The entire beam scanning and measurement process can take tens of milliseconds, which is insufficient to meet the low latency requirements of IIoT scenarios.

[0294] The beam management method provided in this application can reduce beam management latency by decreasing the number of beams scanned and measured. In a persistent scenario, the base station only transmits CSI-RS through the target beam, which is a subset of all beams, significantly reducing measurement time and thus meeting the low latency requirements of industrial internet scenarios.

[0295] 3. Application of smart home scenarios.

[0296] In some embodiments, the beam management method provided in this application can be applied to smart home scenarios. These scenarios include smart TV scenarios, smart speaker scenarios, home security gateway scenarios, virtual reality headset scenarios, augmented reality headset scenarios, etc.

[0297] Smart TVs, smart speakers, and home security gateways are typically installed or placed in fixed locations. Virtual reality headsets and augmented reality headsets move with the user, but the user's activity range is usually limited to a specific area indoors. The movement of the mobile terminal within a first preset range also meets the definition of a persistent scene.

[0298] It should be understood that Figures 1 to 7 The flowcharts or scene diagrams shown are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the examples illustrated. In fact, those skilled in the art can interpret the embodiments based on... Figures 1 to 7 The examples in the document can be transformed into equivalent ways to obtain more implementations.

[0299] The above text combined Figures 1 to 7 This document describes in detail the beam management method provided in the embodiments of this application. The following will combine... Figures 8 to 9 The apparatus embodiments of this application are described in detail below. It should be understood that the communication devices of the embodiments of this application can execute the various beam management methods of the foregoing embodiments of this application. That is, the specific working processes of the various products below can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0300] In the embodiments described above, the mobile terminal may execute some or all of the steps in each embodiment; the base station may execute some or all of the steps in each embodiment. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application may also perform other operations or variations thereof. Furthermore, the steps may be executed in different orders as presented in the embodiments, and it is not necessary to execute all the operations in the embodiments of this application. Moreover, the sequence number of each step does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0301] Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8As shown, the communication device 800 may include a communication module 820. The communication module 820 can implement corresponding communication functions, which can be internal communication functions of the communication device 800 or communication functions between the communication device 800 and other devices. Optionally, the communication module 820 may also be referred to as a communication interface or transceiver module. Optionally, the communication device 800 further includes a processing module 810. The processing module 810 can implement corresponding processing functions.

[0302] Optionally, the communication device 800 further includes a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; the processing module 810 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module so that the communication device 800 can implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0303] In one possible design, the communication device 800 may correspond to the mobile terminal in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the mobile terminal. The communication device 800 can be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the mobile terminal in any of the above method embodiments.

[0304] In one possible design, the communication device 800 may correspond to the base station in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the base station. The communication device 800 may be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the base station in any of the above method embodiments.

[0305] Figure 9 This is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 900 may be a chip, chip system, or processor, etc., used by a mobile terminal or base station to implement the above-described methods. The communication device 900 can be used to implement the methods described in the above-described method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above-described method embodiments.

[0306] like Figure 9 As shown, the communication device 900 may include one or more processors 910, which may also be referred to as processing units or processing modules, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 910 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device 900 (e.g., a base station, baseband chip, user, user chip), execute software programs, and process data from the software programs.

[0307] In an alternative design, the processor 910 may also store instructions and / or data that can be executed by the processor 910 to cause the communication device 900 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0308] In another alternative design, the communication device 900 may include a communication interface 920 for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the communication interface 920 may be a transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver. The transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver may be used for reading and writing code / data, or it may be used for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0309] Optionally, the communication device 900 may include one or more memories 930, which may store instructions that can be executed on the processor 910, causing the communication device 900 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memories 930 may also store data. Optionally, the processor 910 may also store instructions and / or data. The processor 910 and the memories 930 may be configured separately or integrated together.

[0310] It should be understood that, in one possible design, the steps in the method embodiments provided in this application can be implemented by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are not provided here.

[0311] In one implementation, the communication device 900 may correspond to the mobile terminal in the above method embodiments, and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the mobile terminal in the above method embodiments. The processor 910 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 930, and when the processor 910 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 910 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the mobile terminal.

[0312] In another implementation, the communication device 900 may correspond to the base station in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the base station in the above method embodiments. The processor 910 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 930, and when the processor 910 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 910 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the base station.

[0313] It should be understood that the aforementioned processing device can be one or more chips. For example, the processing device can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0314] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0315] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a chip system, which includes one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, thereby causing the method described in the embodiments of this application to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0316] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0317] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a communication system, which includes the aforementioned base station and mobile terminal.

[0318] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes executed by the base station or mobile terminal in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0319] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes performed by the base station or mobile terminal in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0320] The computer-readable storage medium may be the aforementioned volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it may include both volatile memory and non-volatile memory.

[0321] In the embodiments of this application, the terms and English abbreviations are exemplary examples given for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. This application does not preclude the possibility of defining other terms that can achieve the same or similar functions in existing or future agreements.

[0322] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated.

[0323] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0324] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0325] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A beam management method, characterized in that, Applied to a mobile terminal, the method includes: Receive a first reference signal sent by the base station, the first reference signal corresponding to a first transmission configuration; Send a first indication message to the base station, the first indication message being used to indicate that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state; and / or receive a second indication message sent by the base station, the second indication message being used to instruct the base station to adjust the transmission configuration according to the stable communication state; Receive a second reference signal sent by the base station, the second reference signal corresponding to a second transmission configuration; Wherein, the second transmission configuration is different from the first transmission configuration, the reference signal transmission time period corresponding to the second transmission configuration is greater than the reference signal transmission time period corresponding to the first transmission configuration, and / or, the number of beams corresponding to the second transmission configuration is less than the number of beams corresponding to the first transmission configuration.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reference signal includes a synchronization signal block (SSB) and / or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); The first transmission configuration includes a first transmission time period and / or a first beam set; The second transmission configuration includes a second transmission time period and / or a second beam set; The second transmission time period is greater than the first transmission time period; And / or, the number of beams in the second beam set is less than the number of beams in the first beam set.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The beams in the first beam set and the beams in the second beam set each have corresponding beam information; The beam information includes at least one of the following: sector index, beam identifier, transmission configuration indicator (TCI) status information, CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), SSB resource indicator, SSB time index, reference signal received power (RSRP), and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes at least one downlink beam information recommended by the mobile terminal, the downlink beam information including at least one of the following: Beam identifier, CRI, SSB resource indicator, SSB time index, RSRP, SINR, received signal code power RSCP, EcN0, prediction accuracy, prediction probability, time indication information, SSB information, CSI-RS information, TCI status information, and the duration of time the mobile terminal uses the downlink beam.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mobile terminal recommends at least one downlink beam information which is obtained by the mobile terminal using a beam prediction model.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before sending the first indication information to the base station, the method further includes: The system receives base station capability information sent by the base station, the base station capability information being used to indicate that the base station supports communication of the mobile terminal in a stable communication state; The mobile terminal sends the first instruction information to the base station based on the base station capability information.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the first reference signal transmitted by the base station, the method further includes: The terminal capability information is sent to the base station, and the terminal capability information is used to indicate that the mobile terminal supports communication in a stable communication state.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stable communication state refers to the communication state in which the location of the mobile terminal changes within a preset range within a preset time period.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The target feature data of the mobile terminal is obtained. The target feature data includes first channel feature data. The first channel feature data is feature data measured by the mobile terminal from the reference signal from the base station within a first time period. The first time period is a time period that ends at the current time and reaches a preset duration. The target feature data is used as input to run a first AI model and output first output information, which is used to indicate whether the mobile terminal is in the stable communication state; the first AI model is a preset AI model or is obtained based on a preset AI model. When the first output information is a first value, it is determined that the mobile terminal is in the stable communication state.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The target feature data also includes at least one of the following: The location information of the mobile terminal during the first time period, the current dwell time of the mobile terminal under the stable communication state during the first time period, and the motion state of the mobile terminal during the first time period.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a preset AI model from the server, the preset AI model being trained by the server using first sample feature data from multiple mobile terminals in multiple stable communication scenarios; After determining that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state, the second sample feature data of the mobile terminal in the stable communication state is collected; The first AI model is trained using the second sample feature data to obtain the trained first AI model.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second sample feature data is sent to the server, and the second sample feature data is used by the server to train the preset AI model to obtain the trained preset AI model.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first sample feature data also includes at least one of the following: location information, current dwell time, and motion status of multiple mobile terminals in multiple stable communication scenarios; The second sample feature data also includes at least one of the following: the location information, current dwell time, and motion state of the mobile terminal in the stable communication state.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the mobile terminal sends the first indication information to the base station, the method further includes: If it is detected that the signal quality of the mobile terminal is lower than the quality threshold, the current location of the mobile terminal is within the target location range, or the current time is within the target time range, then it is determined whether the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state.

15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes scene feature information, which includes multipath feature information of the channel between the mobile terminal and the base station; different multipath feature information corresponds to different codebook types.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The multipath feature information is any one of the following: first multipath feature, second multipath feature, and third multipath feature; The first multipath feature indicates that the channel is a dense multipath, the second multipath feature indicates that the channel is a sparse multipath, and the third multipath feature indicates that the channel is a strong dominant multipath. The beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the first multipath feature is greater than the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the second multipath feature; the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the second multipath feature is greater than the beamwidth of the beam generated according to the codebook type corresponding to the third multipath feature.

17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes the direction of arrival sector index, which is the index of the sector with the best signal quality received by the mobile terminal in the stable communication state among the N sectors of the mobile terminal; The N sectors are divided on a horizontal plane with the mobile terminal as the center and the current orientation of the mobile terminal as the reference.

18. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes the future dwell time predicted by the mobile terminal under the stable communication state; the frequency at which the base station transmits the reference signal is determined based on the future dwell time.

19. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the mobile terminal receives the second reference signal sent by the base station, the method further includes: The second reference signal is measured to obtain the measurement result; Calculate the similarity between the measurement results and historical measurement results; If the similarity is less than a similarity threshold, a third indication message is sent to the base station, the third indication message being used to instruct the mobile terminal to exit the stable communication state; The third reference signal transmitted by the base station is received, wherein the third reference signal is transmitted through all beams of the base station, and the second reference signal is transmitted through a portion of the beams of the base station.

20. A beam management method, characterized in that, Applied to a base station, the method includes: According to the first transmission configuration, a first reference signal is sent to the mobile terminal; Receive a first indication message sent by a mobile terminal, the first indication message being used to indicate that the mobile terminal is in a stable communication state; and / or send a second indication message to the mobile terminal, the second indication message being used to instruct the base station to adjust the transmission configuration according to the stable communication state; Based on the first instruction information, adjust the first sending configuration to the second sending configuration; According to the second transmission configuration, a second reference signal is transmitted to the mobile terminal; Wherein, the second transmission configuration is different from the first transmission configuration, the reference signal transmission time period corresponding to the second transmission configuration is greater than the reference signal transmission time period corresponding to the first transmission configuration, and / or, the number of beams corresponding to the second transmission configuration is less than the number of beams corresponding to the first transmission configuration.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, Based on the first indication information, adjust the first transmission configuration to the second transmission configuration, including: The transmission period of the reference signal is adjusted from a first transmission period to a second transmission period, wherein the second transmission period is longer than the first transmission period; and / or, The beam set for transmitting the reference signal is adjusted from the first beam set to the second beam set, where the number of beams in the second beam set is less than the number of beams in the first beam set.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, Before receiving the first indication information sent by the mobile terminal, the method further includes: The base station sends base station capability information to the mobile terminal, and the base station capability information is used to indicate that the base station supports the communication of the mobile terminal when it is in a stable communication state.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, Before sending the second indication information to the mobile terminal, the method includes: The base station receives terminal capability information sent by the mobile terminal, and the terminal capability information is used to indicate that the mobile terminal supports communication in a stable communication state; Sending the second instruction information to the mobile terminal includes: Based on the terminal capability information, a second indication information is sent to the mobile terminal, the second indication information being used to instruct the base station to adjust the transmission configuration.

24. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes scene feature information, which includes multipath feature information of the channel between the mobile terminal and the base station; different multipath feature information corresponds to different codebook types; The second beam set includes target beams generated based on the codebook type corresponding to the multipath feature information.

25. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes the direction of arrival sector index, which is the index of the sector with the best signal quality received by the mobile terminal in the stable communication state among the N sectors of the mobile terminal; The N sectors are divided on a horizontal plane with the mobile terminal as the center and the current orientation of the mobile terminal as the reference.

26. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes the cell identifier of the first cell, which is the cell that the mobile terminal accesses under the stable communication state; the base station includes a preset database, which includes multiple cell identifiers and a candidate beam set corresponding to each cell identifier; The second beam set includes target beams selected from the candidate beam set corresponding to the cell identifier of the first cell based on the sector index of the direction of arrival.

27. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The first indication information also includes the future dwell time predicted by the mobile terminal under the stable communication state; The method further includes: When the future dwell time exceeds the dwell time threshold, the transmission time period of the reference signal is adjusted to a third transmission time period, which is greater than the second transmission time period.

28. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, After sending the second reference signal to the mobile terminal according to the second transmission configuration, the method further includes: The third indication information sent by the mobile terminal is received when the similarity of different second reference signals is less than a similarity threshold. The third indication information is used to instruct the mobile terminal to exit the stable communication state. According to the first transmission configuration, the first reference signal is transmitted to the mobile terminal.

29. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first indication information is used to indicate the adjustment of the transmission time period and / or beam set information of the beam in Set B; Set B is the historical data set used by the base station for beam management.

30. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes a mobile terminal and a base station, wherein the mobile terminal performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-19, and the base station performs the method as described in any one of claims 20-29.

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