Dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electroluminescent fiber devices, and particularly relates to a dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device and a preparation method thereof. The electroluminescent fiber device comprises a three-color electroluminescent fiber and a driving control circuit, the three-color electroluminescent fiber comprises an inner electrode conductive fiber, an outer electrode conductive fiber, three luminescent functional layers and a shared electrode; the driving control circuit comprises a lithium battery, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), an isolation inversion boost module and the like; the lithium battery supplies power to the whole circuit; the circuit system provides four independent output ports which are connected with the four electrodes; the three light-emitting functional layers are of a stacked structure formed by red, green and blue light-emitting active slurry through a step-by-step coating method, and the driving circuit independently controls the active light-emitting layers of the three colors, so that the light-emitting colors are free of crosstalk and can be regulated and controlled in real time, and dynamic color-changing light emitting of full-color-gamut light emitting is achieved. The color gamut is wide, the stability is high, and color crosstalk between the light-emitting layers is avoided; the method is good in repeatability, low in cost and suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electroluminescent fiber device technology, specifically relating to a dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for flexible, lightweight, and intelligent electronic products, there is an urgent need to develop wearable flexible display electronic devices. Traditional display devices, due to their rigidity and bulky size, cannot effectively meet these requirements. Fibers play a crucial role in various technologies, from clothing to optical communications. Alternating current (AC) electroluminescent fibers with display capabilities are inherently flexible, capable of bending, twisting, and adapting to confined spaces. Their high flexibility and ability to be woven into breathable fabrics demonstrate enormous commercial potential.

[0003] Based on existing, relatively mature AC-LED fiber fabrication technology, AC-LED fibers emitting different wavelengths of light can be obtained by controlling the types of elements doped in the active luminescent materials used. For example, Cu-doped zinc sulfide can emit blue or blue-green light, while Mn-doped zinc sulfide can emit orange-red light. Furthermore, by adding a light conversion layer, the light emitted by zinc sulfide can be converted to fluorescence to prepare AC-LED fibers of other colors. For instance, by coating a red fluorescent material on the surface of a Cu-doped zinc sulfide active functional layer, red light can be emitted after absorbing the blue light emitted by zinc sulfide. However, traditional luminescent fibers mainly rely on a single light-emitting mechanism to achieve static optical output, making it difficult to achieve continuous wavelength tuning within the visible light range (380-780 nm). They can only obtain a limited discrete color gamut through physical blending of materials with different chromaticities, lacking the ability to control color in real time.

[0004] Existing AC luminescent color-changing fibers (patent documents CN114892392A and CN114990753A) mainly involve uniformly coating conductive filaments with different colored luminescent layers using coating and melt extrusion methods. Due to the differences in the dielectric properties of the polymers in the different luminescent layers, different colors exhibit different responses to AC electric field strength and frequency, thus achieving color changes. However, without a control circuit, the luminescent functional layers of each color cannot be independently controlled, resulting in composite light emitted by the device and impure colors. Patent CN103152892B reports a color-changing luminescent wire that alternately spirally twists nine luminescent wires of different colors into a single luminescent wire, using a nine-way drive controller to independently control each individual luminescent wire, achieving color control. The shortcomings of this technology are that the spiral twisting structure prevents all luminescent wires from illuminating, resulting in uneven color distribution, and the circuit control is quite complex. If active functional layers capable of emitting light of different wavelengths are integrated on the same light-emitting fiber by stacking them and connecting the active functional layers with shared electrodes, the emission wavelength and emission spectrum of the AC electroluminescent fiber can be controlled by regulating the potential difference and frequency applied to each active functional layer through circuit driving control. It is expected to obtain a new type of electroluminescent fiber with pure color and real-time color changing, realizing the evolution of light-emitting fibers from single function to multimodal, dynamic and intelligent, and enabling them to be more widely used in wearable electronic devices and flexible display fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a programmable, wide-gamut, and highly stable dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device and its preparation method, so as to solve the limitation of the single emission color of the current zinc sulfide system electroluminescent fiber and meet the application requirements of smart electronic textiles and wearable devices.

[0006] The dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device provided by this invention comprises two parts: a tri-color electroluminescent fiber and a driving control circuit; wherein, the structure of the tri-color electroluminescent fiber is described below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a conductive fiber serving as an inner electrode, a conductive fiber serving as an outer electrode, three light-emitting functional layers (of which at least two have different light-emitting colors), and a shared electrode; the three light-emitting functional layers are sequentially coated and stacked; the shared electrode is flat and disposed between the stacked light-emitting functional layers, specifically attached to the inner and middle two light-emitting functional layers respectively by coating a transparent conductive layer and winding a fiber electrode; the conductive fiber of the outer electrode is attached to the outer light-emitting functional layer by coating a transparent conductive layer and winding a fiber electrode; insulating protective layers are respectively provided between the inner electrode fiber and the first light-emitting active light-emitting layer, between the first light-emitting active light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting active light-emitting layer, and between the second light-emitting active light-emitting layer and the third light-emitting active light-emitting layer;

[0007] The structure of the drive control circuit is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, the system consists of a lithium battery module, a buck regulator module, an FPGA module, a display / button module, a voltage regulation module, and an isolated inverter boost module. The drive control circuit uses a lithium battery as the main power source, with its positive and negative terminals supplying power to the entire system via power lines. The lithium battery output first undergoes voltage conversion and stabilization processing by the buck regulator module, providing a stable operating voltage for subsequent circuits. The input of the buck regulator module is connected to the power module, and its output is connected to the system's core control unit. This core control unit includes an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) and a display / button human-machine interface. The FPGA is responsible for the logic control and signal processing of the entire system, while the display / button module provides the user interface. The FPGA control module outputs multiple control signals, which are regulated and matched by their respective voltage regulation modules. The regulated signals are divided into two paths: one part connects to the isolated inverter boost circuit for electrical isolation and voltage boost; the other part connects to the non-isolated boost circuit for direct voltage conversion. After power conversion, the circuit system ultimately provides four independent output ports, which connect to the luminescent color-changing fibers. These four output ports are sequentially connected to the four electrodes of the fiber, either from the outside to the inside or from the inside to the outside.

[0008] The driving control circuit of this invention employs a three-path isolation design. Specifically, an isolation module matching the dynamically color-changing electroluminescent fiber is incorporated into the DC-to-AC circuit module, ensuring that the zero-potential reference points of each path are independent. This circuit utilizes the characteristics of inductive reactance; when the input frequency of a path is zero, its reactance disappears, and its resistance significantly decreases, making the voltage of that path approximately zero. This design not only solves the signal interference problem caused by different emitting layers sharing a common ground but also enables independent control between the three channels, thereby achieving precise and interference-free driving of dual-color or tri-color emitting active layers. Through light conversion regulation and circuit structure design, a dynamically color-changing emitting fiber with no crosstalk between emitting layers, real-time controllability, and full-color gamut emission is achieved.

[0009] Furthermore:

[0010] In this invention, the three colors of the tri-color electroluminescent fiber can be selected according to the actual application scenario. For example, they can be selected from luminescent powders such as blue, red, green, orange, pink, and blue, or they can be composite electroluminescent materials doped with a red light conversion layer, etc.

[0011] The method for fabricating a dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device using color-changing luminescent fibers provided by this invention mainly involves the fabrication of tricolor electroluminescent fibers, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0012] Step 1: Prepare electroluminescent active slurries of different colors. Add different types of electroluminescent materials to the polymer medium, and after thorough physical and mechanical stirring, ensure the electroluminescent materials are uniformly dispersed in the polymer medium to obtain electroluminescent active slurries of different colors.

[0013] Step 2: Preparation of monochromatic electroluminescent fibers. The electroluminescent active slurry of a specific color prepared in Step 1 is uniformly loaded onto the surface of conductive fibers using a dip-coating method and then dried. A transparent conductive layer is then coated onto the surface of the electroluminescent active layer and dried. Finally, fiber electrodes are wound around the fibers (forming the first shared electrode) to obtain monochromatic electroluminescent fibers.

[0014] Step 3: Preparation of bicolor electroluminescent fibers. The second color electroluminescent active slurry is uniformly loaded onto the surface of the monochromatic electroluminescent fiber prepared in Step 2 using a dip-coating method, and then dried. A transparent conductive layer is then coated onto the surface of the second luminescent active layer and dried. Finally, fiber electrodes are wound around the fiber (forming a second shared electrode) to obtain the bicolor electroluminescent fiber.

[0015] Step 4: Preparation of tricolor electroluminescent fibers. The third color of electroluminescent active paste is uniformly loaded onto the surface of the bicolor electroluminescent fiber prepared in Step 3 by dip coating and dried; then a transparent conductive layer is coated onto the surface of the third luminescent active layer and dried; and fiber electrodes are wound around it (forming external electrodes) to obtain tricolor electroluminescent fibers.

[0016] Furthermore, the electroluminescent material belongs to the zinc sulfide doping class, and the doping elements include, but are not limited to, the following: Mn, Cu, Cl, Al. Its emission color is determined by the type of doping element, including but not limited to blue, green, orange, etc., and the particle size of the luminescent material is 5-30 μm.

[0017] Furthermore, the polymer matrix includes, but is not limited to: polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyamide, fluororubber, and nitrile rubber.

[0018] Furthermore, the red luminescent active slurry is composed of a red light conversion material, Cu-doped zinc sulfide luminescent powder, and a polymer, which are mechanically stirred in a mixer for 10-60 minutes at a stirring speed of 500-1000 rpm. The red light conversion material accounts for 50%-70 wt% of the doped zinc sulfide luminescent powder, and the polymer medium accounts for 5-20 wt% of the luminescent active slurry.

[0019] The red light conversion material is a rare-earth-doped fluorescent material, including but not limited to aluminates (such as Y3Al5O3). 12 :Ce 3+ ), silicates (such as Sr2SiO4:Eu) 2+ ), nitrides (such as CaAlSiN3:Eu)2+ The activating ion is a rare earth ion (Eu). 3+ 、Tb 3+ Ce 3+ ) or transition metal ions (Mn 2+ Cr 3+ The light conversion effect is achieved by emitting narrow-band spectra through the 4f-4f or 5d-4f electronic transitions of rare earth ions.

[0020] The red light conversion material has a particle size of 10-30 μm, an excitation wavelength of 440-480 nm, an emission wavelength of 600-650 nm, and an emission half-width of 80-110 nm.

[0021] Furthermore, the blue, green, and orange luminescent active slurries are prepared by mixing zinc sulfide luminescent particles doped with Cu, Cl, and Mn elements, respectively, into a polymer matrix. The proportion of blue zinc sulfide particles in the luminescent active slurry is 50-90 wt%, the proportion of green zinc sulfide particles in the luminescent active slurry is 50-90 wt%, and the proportion of orange zinc sulfide particles in the luminescent active slurry is 40-70 wt%. The stirring time of the luminescent particles in the polymer matrix is ​​1-2 hours.

[0022] Furthermore, the electroluminescent active slurry is dipped onto the fiber electrode at a rate of 1-10 m / s, and the drying temperature is 100-200℃. The thickness of the electroluminescent active layer is 30-80 μm.

[0023] Further, the transparent conductive layer includes, but is not limited to, indium tin oxide (ITO), silver nanowires (AgNWs), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT:PSS). The preparation process includes two steps: coating and drying. The coating speed is 1-10 m / s, and the drying temperature is 120-180℃. The thickness of the transparent conductive film is 0.05-0.1 μm. The conductive fibers are wound onto the surface of the luminescent active fibers. The types of conductive fibers include, but are not limited to, carbon-based conductive fibers, conductive polymer chemical fibers, metal-plated chemical fibers, and metal wires. The diameter of the conductive fibers is 20-80 μm, the winding pitch is 100-1000 μm, and the winding speed is 1-10 m / min.

[0024] Furthermore, the drive control circuit comprises a lithium battery module, a buck regulator module, an FPGA module, a display / button module, a voltage regulation module, and an isolated inverter boost module. The lithium battery module uses 12V, which is then stabilized at 3.3V by the buck regulator module. The FPGA module divides the circuit signal into three data channels, each with its own voltage regulator module for adjusting the voltage of its respective channel. The isolated inverter boost module converts the DC signals of the three channels into AC signals, amplifies the voltage signals of each channel, and isolates the three different channels. The voltage adjustment range is -100V to 200V, and the frequency range is 0Hz to 10kHz.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0026] (1) This invention proposes a novel AC electroluminescent fiber structure that can realize dynamic color change, breaking the limitation that a single fiber can only emit a single color. Through the design of the stacked structure of the light-emitting active layer, the placement of the shared electrode and the control of the programming drive circuit, it is ensured that the active layer of each color can emit light independently, and has the characteristics of wide color gamut and high stability.

[0027] (2) This invention develops a novel driving control circuit adapted to AC field light emission devices. It innovatively applies the isolation module to AC field light emission devices, effectively solving the color crosstalk problem between each light emission layer by separating the zero potential of each functional layer.

[0028] (3) The device fabrication process of this invention is simple and efficient, and the driving circuit is simple. It is a novel and universal method for preparing color-changing electroluminescent fibers. It has good repeatability, low cost, and is suitable for industrial-scale production. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-color electroluminescent fiber structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is the CIE color coordinate diagram corresponding to the luminescence of the three-color electroluminescent fiber of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 The images show the actual effect of the color-changing electroluminescent fiber of this invention, with blue, green, and red colors respectively.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a control drive circuit diagram in the present invention, with the blocks representing the names of each module.

[0033] Figure 5 This is the CIE color coordinate diagram corresponding to the red / blue bicolor electroluminescent fiber.

[0034] Figure 6 This is the CIE color coordinate diagram corresponding to the red / green bicolor electroluminescent fiber.

[0035] Figure 7 This is the CIE color coordinate diagram corresponding to the red / blue / green electroluminescent fibers.

[0036] In the diagram, the following labels are used: 1 represents the inner electrode fiber; 2, 4, and 6 represent the insulating protective layer; 3, 5, and 7 represent the red, blue, and green light-emitting active light-emitting layers, respectively; 8 represents the shared electrode formed by the flat conductive fiber and the transparent conductive layer; and 9 represents the outer electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0038] In this invention, room temperature refers to an ambient temperature of 10℃ to 30℃.

[0039] All reagents used in the following examples are commercially available, and all equipment is commercially available.

[0040] The schematic diagrams of the variable color electroluminescent fiber structures in the following embodiments are attached. Figure 1 As shown.

[0041] Example 1: Red / Blue Dual-Color Electroluminescent Fiber

[0042] Step 1: Preparation of red photoluminescent active material. At room temperature (25 ℃), 100 g of commercially available copper-doped zinc sulfide luminescent powder (particle size 15 μm) and 10 g of aluminate red light conversion particles (particle size 20 μm) were added to a mixer and pre-mixed for 60 min at a stirring speed of 500 rpm to obtain the red photoluminescent active material. Then, the red photoluminescent active material was added to 133 g of fluororubber solution (solid content 30%) and stirred for 25 min at a stirring speed of 500 rpm to obtain the red photoluminescent active slurry.

[0043] Step 2: Prepare the blue photoluminescent active slurry. Add 100g of zinc sulfide luminescent powder to 133g of fluororubber solution (solid content 30%), stir for 25min at a stirring speed of 800rpm to obtain a uniformly dispersed blue photoluminescent active slurry.

[0044] The third step is to prepare red photoluminescent active fibers. The dip-coating equipment is turned on, and the red photoluminescent paste is uniformly coated on the surface of silver-plated nylon fibers (150 μm in diameter) at a speed of 5 m / s, and then dried at 150°C.

[0045] Step four: Loading the shared electrode. Turn on the dip-coating equipment and uniformly coat the red electroluminescent active fiber with ITO conductive solution at a speed of 5 m / s, then dry at 150°C. Next, turn on the twisting equipment and uniformly wind silver-plated nylon fiber (80 μm in diameter) onto the red electroluminescent active fiber at a twist pitch of 500 μm and a winding speed of 10 m / min. Tension control is used during the winding process to achieve the desired winding effect and avoid twisted structures, thus obtaining the red electroluminescent fiber.

[0046] Step 5: Coating with blue electroluminescent active slurry. Turn on the dip coating equipment and uniformly coat the surface of the red electroluminescent active fiber with blue electroluminescent slurry at a speed of 5 m / s, then dry at 150°C.

[0047] Step 6: Applying an external electroluminescent electrode. Turn on the dip-coating equipment and uniformly coat the red and blue electroluminescent active fibers with ITO conductive solution at a speed of 5 m / s, then dry at 150°C. Next, turn on the twisting equipment and uniformly wind copper conductive fibers (30 μm in diameter) onto the red and blue electroluminescent active fibers at a twist pitch of 1000 μm and a winding speed of 10 m / min. Tension control is used during the winding process to achieve the desired winding effect, avoiding twisted structures, resulting in red / blue dual-color electroluminescent fibers.

[0048] An alternating electric field (path one) is applied between the inner electrode fiber and the shared electrode fiber using a novel drive control circuit. The effective voltage modulation is 110V, and the frequency modulation is 9000Hz. The electroluminescent fiber emits red light with a brightness of 64cd / m². 2 The color coordinates are (0.6192, 0.3407). An alternating electric field (path two) is applied between the shared electrode fiber and the external electrode fiber using a drive control circuit. The effective voltage is 110V, and the frequency is 10000Hz. The electroluminescent fiber emits blue light with a brightness of 184 cd / m². 2 The color coordinates are (0.1767, 0.2123). Under the control of the driving circuit, the electroluminescent fiber can emit light such as... Figure 5 The color at any point on a line segment in a CIE diagram.

[0049] Example 2: Red / Green Bicolor Electroluminescent Fiber

[0050] Step 1: Prepare the red photoluminescent active slurry. At room temperature (25 ℃), 100 g of commercially available copper-doped zinc sulfide luminescent powder (particle size 15 μm) and 1.5 g of silicate red light conversion particles (particle size 10 μm) were added to a mixer and pre-mixed for 60 min at a stirring speed of 500 rpm to obtain red photoluminescent active particles. 0.25 g of phosphate ester dispersant was added to 100 g of polyurethane solution (solid content 20%) and stirred for 25 min at a stirring speed of 500 rpm. Then, the red photoluminescent active particles were slowly added at a rate of 20 g / min, and the stirring speed was adjusted to 800 rpm to obtain a uniformly distributed red photoluminescent active slurry.

[0051] Step 2: Prepare the green photoluminescent active slurry. Add 0.25g of phosphate ester dispersant to 100g of polyurethane solution (solid content 20%) and stir for 25min at a stirring speed of 500rpm. Then slowly add 100g of commercially available green zinc sulfide luminescent powder at a speed of 20g / min and adjust the stirring speed to 800rpm to obtain a uniformly distributed green photoluminescent active slurry.

[0052] The third step is to prepare red photoluminescent active fibers. The dip-coating equipment is turned on, and the red photoluminescent paste is uniformly coated on the surface of carbon nanotube conductive fibers (120 μm in diameter) at a speed of 5 m / s, and then dried at 150°C.

[0053] The fourth step is to load the shared electrode. The dip-coating equipment is turned on, and the silver nanowire conductive solution is uniformly coated onto the red electroluminescent active fiber at a speed of 3 m / s, then dried at 110°C. Next, the twisting equipment is turned on, and silver-plated nylon fibers (80 μm in diameter) are uniformly wound onto the red electroluminescent active fiber at a twisting pitch of 500 μm and a winding speed of 10 m / min. Tension control is used during the winding process to achieve the desired winding effect and avoid the formation of twisted structures, thus obtaining the red electroluminescent fiber.

[0054] Step 5: Coating with green electroluminescent active slurry. Turn on the dip coating equipment and uniformly coat the surface of the red electroluminescent active fiber with green electroluminescent slurry at a speed of 5 m / s, then dry at 150°C.

[0055] Step 6: Applying an external electroluminescent electrode. Turn on the dip-coating equipment and uniformly coat the red / green electroluminescent active fibers with the silver nanowire conductive solution at a speed of 3 m / s, then dry at 110°C. Next, turn on the twisting equipment and uniformly wind the copper conductive fiber (30 μm in diameter) onto the red / green electroluminescent active fibers at a twist pitch of 1000 μm and a winding speed of 10 m / min. Tension control is used during the winding process to achieve the desired winding effect, avoiding twisted structures, resulting in red / green bicolor electroluminescent fibers.

[0056] By applying an alternating electric field (path one) between the inner electrode fiber and the shared electrode fiber using a novel drive control circuit, and adjusting the effective voltage to 110V and the frequency to 9000Hz, the electroluminescent fiber emits red light with a brightness of 78 cd / m². 2 The color coordinates are (0.6053, 0.3108). An alternating electric field (path two) is applied between the shared electrode fiber and the external electrode fiber via a driving circuit. The effective voltage is adjusted to 110V and the frequency to 500Hz. The electroluminescent fiber emits green light, achieving a brightness of 184 cd / m². 2 The color coordinates are (0.2591, 0.6593). Under the control of the driving circuit, the electroluminescent fiber can emit light such as... Figure 6 The color at any position on a line segment in a CIE diagram.

[0057] Example 3: Red / Blue / Green Tri-color Electroluminescent Fibers

[0058] Step 1: Preparation of red photoluminescent active material. At room temperature (25℃), 100g of commercially available copper-doped zinc sulfide luminescent powder (particle size 15 μm) and 1.5g of silicate red light conversion particles (particle size 10 μm) were added to a mixer and pre-mixed for 60min at a stirring speed of 500 rpm to obtain red photoluminescent active particles. Then, 0.5g of silane coupling agent was added to 133g of fluororubber solution (solid content 30%) and stirred for 25min at a stirring speed of 500 rpm. The red photoluminescent active particles were then slowly added at a rate of 20g / min, and the stirring speed was adjusted to 800 rpm to obtain a uniformly distributed red photoluminescent active slurry.

[0059] Step 2: Prepare the blue photoluminescent active slurry. Add 0.5g of silane coupling agent to 133g of fluororubber solution (solid content 30%), stir for 25min at a stirring speed of 500rpm, then slowly add 100g of commercially available blue zinc sulfide luminescent powder at a rate of 20g / min, and adjust the stirring speed to 800rpm to obtain a uniformly distributed blue photoluminescent active slurry.

[0060] Step 3: Prepare the green photoluminescent active slurry. Add 0.5g of silane coupling agent to 133g of fluororubber solution (solid content 30%), stir for 25min at a stirring speed of 500rpm, then slowly add 100g of commercially available green zinc sulfide luminescent powder at a rate of 20g / min, and adjust the stirring speed to 800rpm to obtain a uniformly distributed green photoluminescent active slurry.

[0061] Step 4: Preparation of red photoluminescent active fibers. Turn on the dip-coating equipment and uniformly coat the red photoluminescent slurry onto the surface of carbon nanotube conductive fibers (120 μm in diameter) at a speed of 5 m / s, and dry at 150 °C.

[0062] Step 5: Loading the first shared electrode. Turn on the dip-coating equipment and uniformly coat the silver nanowire conductive solution onto the red electroluminescent active fiber at a speed of 3 m / s, then dry at 110°C. Turn on the twisting equipment and uniformly wind the silver-plated nylon conductive fiber (80 μm in diameter) onto the red electroluminescent active fiber at a twisting pitch of 500 μm and a twisting speed of 10 m / min. Tension control is used during the winding process to achieve the desired winding effect and avoid the formation of twisted structures.

[0063] Step 6: Coating with blue photoluminescent active slurry. Turn on the dip coating equipment and uniformly coat the blue photoluminescent slurry onto the surface of the red photoluminescent active fiber (150μm in diameter) at a speed of 5m / s. Dry at 150℃ to obtain red / blue photoluminescent active fiber.

[0064] Step 6: Load the second shared electrode. Turn on the dip-coating equipment and uniformly coat the silver nanowire conductive solution onto the red and blue photoluminescent active fibers at a speed of 3 m / s, then dry at 110°C. Turn on the twisting equipment and uniformly wind the silver-plated nylon conductive fibers (80 μm in diameter) onto the red and blue photoluminescent active fibers at a twisting pitch of 500 μm and a twisting speed of 10 m / min. Tension control is used during the winding process to achieve the desired winding effect and avoid the formation of twisted structures.

[0065] Step 7: Coating with green electroluminescent active slurry. Turn on the dip coating equipment and uniformly coat the surface of the red / blue electroluminescent active fibers prepared in step 6 with green electroluminescent slurry at a speed of 5 m / s, and dry at 150°C.

[0066] Step 8: Applying an external electrode. Turn on the dip-coating equipment and uniformly coat the red, green, and blue electroluminescent active fibers with the silver nanowire conductive solution at a speed of 3 m / s, then dry at 110°C. Turn on the twisting equipment and uniformly wind the copper conductive fiber (80 μm in diameter) onto the red, green, and blue electroluminescent active fibers with a winding pitch of 1000 μm and a winding speed of 10 m / min. Tension control is used during the winding process to achieve the desired winding effect, avoiding twisted structures, resulting in red / blue / green tri-color electroluminescent fibers.

[0067] An alternating electric field (path one) is applied between the inner electrode fiber and the shared electrode fiber using a novel drive control circuit. The effective voltage is adjusted to 110V and the frequency to 9000Hz, causing the electroluminescent fiber to emit red light with a brightness of 48cd / m². 2The color coordinates are (0.6564, 0.3196). An alternating electric field (path two) is applied between the first shared electrode fiber and the second electrode fiber, with an effective voltage of 110V and a frequency of 10000Hz. The electroluminescent fiber emits blue light with a brightness of 150 cd / m². 2 The color coordinates are (0.1755, 0.2043). An alternating electric field (path three) is applied between the second shared electrode fiber and the external electrode fiber, with an effective voltage of 110V and a frequency of 10000Hz. The electroluminescent fiber emits blue light, achieving a brightness of 380 cd / m². 2 The color coordinates are (0.2658, 0.6036). Under the control of the driving circuit, the electroluminescent fiber can emit light such as... Figure 7 The color at any position on a line segment in a CIE diagram.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device, characterized in that, It consists of two parts: tri-color electroluminescent fibers and a drive control circuit; among which: The tri-color electroluminescent fiber includes: a conductive fiber serving as an inner electrode, a conductive fiber serving as an outer electrode, three light-emitting functional layers, and a shared electrode. At least two different light-emitting colors are present in the three light-emitting functional layers. The three light-emitting functional layers are sequentially coated and stacked. The shared electrode is flat and disposed between the stacked light-emitting functional layers. Specifically, it is attached to the inner and middle two light-emitting functional layers by coating with a transparent conductive layer and winding with a fiber electrode. The conductive fiber of the outer electrode is attached to the outer light-emitting functional layer by coating with a transparent conductive layer and winding with a fiber electrode. Insulating protective layers are provided between the inner electrode fiber and the first light-emitting active layer, between the first and second light-emitting active layers, and between the second and third light-emitting active layers. The drive control circuit consists of a lithium battery module, a buck regulator module, an FPGA module, a display / button module, a voltage regulation module, and an isolated inverter boost module. The drive control circuit uses a lithium battery as its main power source, with the positive and negative terminals of the lithium battery supplying power to the entire circuit via power lines. The lithium battery output first undergoes voltage conversion and stabilization processing by the buck regulator module, providing a stable operating voltage for subsequent circuits. The input of the buck regulator module is connected to the power module, and its output is connected to the core control unit of the circuit system. This core control unit includes an FPGA and a display / button human-machine interface. The FPGA is responsible for the logic control and signal processing of the entire system, while the display / button module provides the user interface. The FPGA control module outputs multiple control signals, which are regulated and matched by their respective voltage regulation modules. The regulated signals are divided into two paths: one part connects to the isolated inverter boost circuit for electrical isolation and voltage boost; the other part connects to the non-isolated boost circuit for direct voltage conversion. After power conversion, the circuit system ultimately provides four independent output ports, connected to the luminescent color-changing fiber. These four output ports are sequentially connected to the four electrodes of the fiber, either from the outside to the inside or from the inside to the outside.

2. The dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting functional layer is selected from blue, red, green, orange, pink, blue, or composite electroluminescent materials doped with a red light conversion layer.

3. The dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the drive control circuit, the lithium battery module uses a 12V voltage, which is stabilized at 3.3V by a step-down voltage regulator module; the voltage adjustment range is -100V to 200V, and the frequency range is 0Hz to 10kHz.

4. The method for fabricating the dynamic color-changing electroluminescent fiber device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for preparing the tricolor electroluminescent fiber are as follows: Step 1: Prepare electroluminescent active slurries of different colors: Add different types of electroluminescent materials to the polymer medium, and after sufficient physical and mechanical stirring, the electroluminescent materials are evenly dispersed in the polymer medium to obtain electroluminescent active slurries of different colors. Step 2: Preparation of monochromatic electroluminescent fibers: A certain color electroluminescent active paste is uniformly loaded onto the surface of conductive fibers by dip coating and dried; then a transparent conductive layer is coated onto the surface of the electroluminescent active layer and dried; then the fiber electrode is wound to form the first shared electrode, thus obtaining monochromatic electroluminescent fibers; Step 3: Preparation of dual-color electroluminescent fibers: The second color electroluminescent active slurry is uniformly loaded onto the surface of the single-color electroluminescent fiber prepared in Step 2 by dip coating and dried; then a transparent conductive layer is coated onto the surface of the second luminescent active layer and dried; then the fiber electrode is wound to form the second shared electrode, thus obtaining dual-color electroluminescent fibers. Step 4: Preparation of tricolor electroluminescent fibers: The third color electroluminescent active slurry is uniformly loaded onto the surface of the two-color electroluminescent fiber prepared in Step 3 by dip coating and dried; then a transparent conductive layer is coated on the surface of the third luminescent active layer and dried; and fiber electrodes are wound around to form an external electrode, thus obtaining tricolor electroluminescent fibers.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electroluminescent material is a zinc sulfide-doped material, and the doping elements are selected from Mn, Cu, Cl, and Al. The emission color is determined by the type of doping element, and the particle size of the luminescent material is 5-30 μm. The polymer matrix is ​​selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyamide, fluororubber, and nitrile rubber.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electroluminescent active slurry is dipped onto the fiber electrode at a rate of 1-10 m / s and dried at a temperature of 100-200℃; the thickness of the electroluminescent active layer is 30-80 μm. The dipping speed of the transparent conductive layer is 1-10 m / s, and the drying temperature is 120-180℃; the thickness of the transparent conductive film layer is 0.05-0.1μm. The conductive fiber has a diameter of 20-80 μm, a winding pitch of 100-1000 μm, and a winding linear speed of 1-10 m / min; The transparent conductive layer material is selected from indium tin oxide, silver nanowires, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid; The conductive fiber is selected from carbon-based conductive fibers, conductive polymer chemical fibers, metal-plated chemical fibers, and metal wires.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The red luminescent active slurry is obtained by mechanically mixing red light conversion material with Cu-doped zinc sulfide luminescent powder and polymer; the mechanical mixing time is 10-60 min and the mixing speed is 500-1000 rpm; wherein, the red light conversion material accounts for 50%-70 wt% of the doped zinc sulfide luminescent powder, and the polymer medium accounts for 5-20 wt% of the luminescent active slurry.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The red light conversion material is a rare earth-doped fluorescent material, specifically an aluminate, silicate, or nitride, with rare earth ions or transition metal ions as the activating ions; the light conversion effect is achieved by emitting a narrow-band spectrum through the 4f-4f or 5d-4f electronic transitions of rare earth ions.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The red light conversion material has a particle size of 10-30 μm, an excitation wavelength of 440-480 nm, an emission wavelength of 600-650 nm, and an emission half-width of 80-110 nm.

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The blue, green, and orange luminescent active slurries are prepared by mixing zinc sulfide luminescent particles doped with Cu, Cl, and Mn elements respectively into a polymer matrix. The proportion of blue zinc sulfide particles in the luminescent active slurry is 50-90 wt%, the proportion of green zinc sulfide particles in the luminescent active slurry is 50-90 wt%, and the proportion of orange zinc sulfide particles in the luminescent active slurry is 40-70 wt%. The stirring time of the luminescent particles in the polymer matrix is ​​1-2 hours.

Images