Lubricant compositions and methods of use thereof

Abstract

A lubricant composition and a method of lubricating a conveyor system are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a lubricant composition includes an oil and a surfactant. The ratio of the oil to the surfactant is from about 1 to about 48. The lubricant composition has a water content of from 0 to about 15 weight percent based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

Description

[0001] This application claims the benefit of Indian Provisional Application No. 2023 2107 1435, filed on 19 October 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to oil-based lubricant compositions and methods for lubricating surfaces, particularly during container conveying. Background Technology

[0003] During commercial container filling or packaging operations, containers move at high speeds from one place to another via conveyor belts in a conveyor system. This results in friction between the container contact surfaces of the conveyor belt and the container surface itself. Lubricant is typically applied to the conveyor belt to reduce friction between surfaces and ensure good sliding contact.

[0004] Traditionally, wet lubrication processes have been used to address friction problems. Fatty acid-based or fatty amine-based lubricant compositions are commonly used in wet lubrication processes. Before being used in the wet lubrication process, the lubricant composition is diluted with water (e.g., a dilution ratio of about 1:100 to about 1:1000) to form an aqueous wet lubricant solution. Large quantities of this aqueous wet lubricant solution must be continuously applied to the conveyor belt to ensure proper operation of the high-speed conveyor. During the wet lubrication process, large amounts of the aqueous wet lubricant solution flow down the conveyor belt, resulting in a slippery surface that can pose a hazard to operators working in the surrounding environment. Furthermore, this leads to the waste of chemicals and significant amounts of water, which must be disposed of or recycled. Therefore, wet lubrication processes incur substantial operating and energy costs.

[0005] Dry lubrication processes have been used to address the drawbacks of wet lubrication processes. Silicone-based compositions are commonly used as dry lubricant compositions in dry lubrication processes. These compositions typically contain less than about 48% by weight of water and are applied to the surfaces of conveyor belts and / or containers without dilution. Therefore, compared to wet lubrication processes, dry lubrication processes use significantly less water, resulting in lower operating and energy costs.

[0006] One problem with dry lubrication processes is the formation of "blackening" or dark staining on the conveyor belt. This blackening tends to transfer to objects on the conveyor belt, resulting in unsightly stains or marks. In some cases, the conveyor belt needs to be stopped periodically for cleaning, which leads to longer production times and increased labor costs.

[0007] There is still a need for lubricant compositions and dry lubrication methods that offer superior lubricity and minimize blackening compared to conventional wet lubrication methods, while also consuming low levels of water and energy and reducing operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] A lubricant composition and a method for lubricating a conveyor system are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a lubricant composition includes an oil and a surfactant. The ratio of the oil to the surfactant is from about 1 to about 48. Based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the water content of the lubricant composition is from 0 to about 15% by weight.

[0009] In another embodiment, a method for lubricating a conveyor system is provided. The method includes applying a lubricant composition to a load-bearing surface of the conveyor system, wherein the load-bearing surface is configured to support articles carried by the conveyor system. The lubricant composition includes an oil and a surfactant, wherein the ratio of oil to the surfactant is from about 1 to about 48. Based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the lubricant composition contains water in an amount from 0 to about 15% by weight. The load-bearing surface is washed multiple times before the lubricant composition is reapplied, wherein washing the load-bearing surface includes applying an aqueous composition to the load-bearing surface.

[0010] In another embodiment, a method for lubricating a conveyor system is provided. The method includes applying a lubricant composition to a load-bearing surface of the conveyor system, wherein the load-bearing surface is configured to support articles carried by the conveyor system. The lubricant composition includes a synthetic oil and a surfactant, and contains water in an amount of 0 to about 48% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. The load-bearing surface is washed multiple times with an aqueous composition before the lubricant composition is reapplied to it. Attached Figure Description

[0011] This subject matter can be more fully understood by taking into account the following figures, detailed description, and claims.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic side view of an exemplary implementation of a conveyor system. Detailed Implementation

[0013] This disclosure generally relates to dry lubricant compositions and methods for dry lubricating conveyor surfaces, which provide reduced friction between surfaces to ensure good sliding contact with articles and provide improved effectiveness in removing blackening, which is one of the main drawbacks of conventional dry lubrication methods for conveyor systems.

[0014] Blackening is measured using a "whiteness index," which is the inverse measure of blackening on the conveyor system. The whiteness index is determined by rubbing a white substrate against a load-bearing surface at a contact point for a distance of approximately 10 to 15 centimeters, while simultaneously pressing the white substrate against the load-bearing surface with a weight of approximately 5 to 40 kilograms. The visible light reflectance at the contact point is then measured to determine the whiteness index. The white substrate can be a variety of items that are susceptible to blackening, such as tissue paper, copy paper, other types of paper, white cloth, white sponge, or other items. In alternative embodiments, the weight pressing the white substrate against the load-bearing surface can be approximately 10 to 30 kilograms, or approximately 12 to 20 kilograms. As blackening on the conveyor system increases, the amount of darker material adhering to the white substrate increases, and the amount of white light reflected by the white substrate at the points where darker material is deposited decreases. Therefore, a lower whiteness index value indicates a greater degree of blackening on the conveyor system. This whiteness index provides a reproducible technique to quantify blackening on conveyor belts, and thus provides a quantitative technique to evaluate the effectiveness of different lubricants.

[0015] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references.

[0016] The terms “comprising,” “including,” “including,” “having,” “containing,” “comprising,” “characterized by,” and their variations are open transitional phrases intended to cover the items listed thereafter and their equivalents, as well as additional items.

[0017] The terms “composed of”, “composed of” and their variations are closed transitional phrases, terms or words designed to cover the items listed thereafter and their equivalents, and to exclude additional items, unless they are impurities that are usually associated with them.

[0018] The terms “substantially composed of”, “substantially composed of”, and their variations are intended to cover the items listed thereafter and their equivalents, as well as additional items that do not substantially affect the essential and novel characteristics.

[0019] The term “about” when used with a quantity includes the stated value and has a meaning determined by the context (e.g., it includes at least the degree of error associated with a particular quantity of measurement). The term “about” also refers to plus or minus 10% of the indicated number. For example, “about 10%” means a range from 9% to 11%, while “about 8” means a range from 7.2% to 8.8%.

[0020] Any numerical range described herein includes all values ​​from the lower limit to the upper limit. For example, if the concentration range is stated as 1% to 50%, it is intended that values ​​such as 2% to 40%, 10% to 30%, or 1% to 3% be explicitly listed in this specification. These are merely examples of specific intentions, and all possible combinations of values ​​between and including the listed minimum and maximum values ​​are considered to be explicitly stated in this application.

[0021] As used herein, the term "substantially free of" means that the composition does not contain such a particular compound, or that such a particular compound has not been intentionally added to the lubricant composition. If such a particular compound is present by contamination, the amount of such a particular compound should be less than about 0.5% by weight, or less than about 0.1% by weight.

[0022] As used herein, the terms “weight percentage,” “wt%,” “weight %,” and variations thereof refer to the concentration of a component, which is the weight of that component divided by the total weight of the composition described and then multiplied by 100. Unless otherwise stated, all concentrations are expressed as weight percentage concentrations.

[0023] The term "effective amount" refers to the amount that will achieve the desired effect or result. For example, the effective amount of a lubricant composition refers to the amount of the composition that achieves the desired level of lubricity, which can be determined based on the coefficient of friction (COF) value.

[0024] The term “coefficient of friction” or “COF” is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio between (i) the frictional force resisting the motion of two contacting surfaces and (ii) the normal force pressing the two surfaces together.

[0025] As used herein, the term "conveyor belt" refers to the moving surface of a conveyor system used to transport objects from one place to another. Examples of common materials used to construct conveyor belts include stainless steel or other metals, rubber, plastics, leather, and / or fabrics. Therefore, a conveyor belt can comprise a flexible belt for moving objects, or multiple plates working together to move objects.

[0026] As used herein, the term "wet lubricant" or "wet lubricant composition" refers to a lubricant composition that is typically diluted with water to form an aqueous dilute lubricant solution before being applied to a surface. Dilution ratios are typically in the range of about 100 parts water per part of non-aqueous material to about 500 parts water per part of non-aqueous material. However, for the purposes of the definition herein, "wet lubricant" means a lubricant containing at least about 80% by weight water based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, where the weight percentage is defined at the point of use such that any water used for dilution or mixing at the point of use is included in the wet lubricant composition.

[0027] Typically, a large amount of aqueous diluted solution of wet lubricant is applied to the surface to be lubricated, such as the surface of a conveyor belt. Wet lubrication methods use large quantities of water, which is often treated or recycled, resulting in high operating and energy costs. Furthermore, the aqueous diluted solution of wet lubricant can run off the conveyor track surfaces it has treated, causing slippery surfaces that can pose a hazard to operators working in the vicinity, and can accumulate on floors and other surfaces requiring cleaning. In addition, variations in water can have negative side effects on the aqueous diluted solution of wet lubricant. For example, the presence or absence of dissolved minerals and alkalinity in the water can lead to unacceptably high coefficients of friction.

[0028] The term "dry lubricant" or "dry lubricant composition" refers to a lubricant composition containing 0 to about 48% by weight of water based on the total weight of the dry lubricant. The amount of water in a dry lubricant includes any water used for dilution or mixing at the point of use, similar to the definition of a wet lubricant.

[0029] Dry lubrication methods do not require large amounts of water. Therefore, they are generally more economical to operate than wet lubrication methods. Dry lubrication methods typically require applying approximately 1 to 50 ml of dry lubricant per square meter of conveyor belt surface per hour, while wet lubrication methods require applying approximately 10 to 30 liters of a diluted wet lubricant solution per square meter of conveyor belt surface per hour.

[0030] The term "energizing nozzle" refers to a nozzle in which a stream of material ejected from the nozzle is broken into fine droplets by the use of energy. Examples of energizing nozzles may include, but are not limited to, high-pressure, compressed air, or ultrasonic treatment.

[0031] Dry lubrication methods for conveyor belts have the disadvantage of a so-called "blackening" problem. As used herein, "blackening" refers to residues containing chromium, iron, silica, dirt, grime, or other materials that produce a dark or black color, or any mixture thereof, which are typically observed on the surface of containers and / or the conveyor belt itself during dry lubrication. Blackening is measured by a whiteness index, as mentioned above.

[0032] Blackening can be caused by several sources: dirt adhering to the container surface, especially in the case of used containers; dirt adhering to the conveyor belt surface; wear and tear on containers already transported on the conveyor belt; or any combination thereof. Another source of contamination that can cause blackening on the conveyor belt is the portion of liquid contents (e.g., alcoholic beverages, non-alcoholic beverages) that was not filled into the container during the filling / refilling process but flowed to the outer surface of the container and then onto the conveyor belt. Additionally, oil can degrade or leave behind contaminant residues that are dark in color. The blackening problem is particularly pronounced when dry lubrication methods are used during the transport of glass containers on stainless steel conveyor belts.

[0033] Blackening is typically not observed during wet lubrication methods. As mentioned above, the aqueous dilution of the wet lubricant flows down from the conveyor track surface during wet lubrication. Therefore, it appears that most of the blackening generated during transport is carried away from the conveyor belt and / or container surfaces by the flow of the aqueous dilution of the wet lubricant.

[0034] Once blackening occurs during the dry lubrication method, it is difficult to remove from the conveyor belt. In some embodiments, the entire conveyor system is stopped periodically so that the conveyor belt can be properly cleaned with a cleaning agent (e.g., a conventional aqueous cleaner, an aqueous cleaner with cleaning additives such as an aqueous alkaline cleaner, or other types of cleaning solutions) to remove the blackening from the conveyor belt. The cleaning agent also removes the dry lubricant composition from the conveyor belt. Therefore, after stopping the conveyor operation to clean the conveyor belt, additional time and labor are required to reapply the dry lubricant composition to the conveyor belt to ensure trouble-free transport of containers on the conveyor belt. In this description, the use of aqueous cleaners is generally assumed, as this is very common. However, it should be understood that other types of cleaners, such as aqueous alkaline cleaners, vinegar cleaners, or other types of cleaners, may also be used, and these other types of cleaners are within the scope of this description.

[0035] Currently disclosed lubricant compositions and dry lubrication methods are cost-effective due to reduced water requirements, provide excellent lubricity between surfaces during container transport on conveyor belts, and offer improved effectiveness in removing blackening, one of the main drawbacks of conventional dry lubrication methods.

[0036] Currently disclosed lubricant compositions also extend the service life of delivery systems or other components that can utilize the lubricant composition. It has been found that lubricant compositions reduce corrosion on metals during use, likely due to reduced exposure of metal surfaces to oxygen. Reduced corrosion can extend equipment life and also improve performance, as corrosion causes increased friction, changes in tolerances between adjacent metal parts, etc. Corrosion protection may be particularly effective for soft metals. Dry lubricant composition

[0037] The lubricant composition disclosed in the first aspect comprises: Oils selected from mineral oils, silicone oils, synthetic oils, or combinations thereof; Surfactants; Based on the total weight of the composition, water comprises approximately 0% to approximately 48%; and Several optional ingredients, such as biocides, chelating agents, etc.; wherein the weight ratio of said oil to said surfactant is in the range of about 1:1 to about 48:1 or about 1:1 to about 24:1.

[0038] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition contains less than about 48%, or less than about 15%, or less than about 10%, or less than about 5%, or less than about 1% water, based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the presence of water is from about 0% to about 15% by weight, or from about 0% to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the lubricant composition is substantially water-free.

[0039] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition comprises at least about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, or about 70% oil based on the total weight of the composition; and / or no more than about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, or about 98% oil based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the oil is present in an amount from about 40% to about 90% by weight, or from about 70% to about 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0040] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition comprises, based on the total weight of the composition, at least about 2%, at least about 4%, at least about 6%, at least about 7%, at least about 7.5%, at least about 8%, at least about 9%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, or at least about 25% of a surfactant; and / or, based on the total weight of the composition, at an amount not exceeding about 25%, not exceeding about 27.5%, not exceeding about 30%, not exceeding about 35%, or not exceeding about 40% of a surfactant. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the composition, the surfactant is present in an amount from about 2% to about 50% by weight, or from about 4% to about 50% by weight, or from about 4% to about 27.5% by weight, or from about 10% to about 25% by weight. In some embodiments, the surfactant comprises a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, or a combination thereof.

[0041] In some embodiments, the oil is present in an amount of about 50% to about 98% by weight, or about 50% to about 96% by weight; and the surfactant is present in an amount of about 2% to about 50% by weight, or about 4% to about 50% by weight, or about 2% to about 27.5% by weight, all based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0042] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the oil to the surfactant is in the range of at least about 1:1, about 1.5:1, about 2:1, about 2.5:1, about 3:1, about 3.5:1, about 4:1, about 4.5:1, or about 5:1; and / or does not exceed about 5:1, about 6:1, about 7:1, about 8:1, about 10:1, about 12:1, about 15:1, about 20:1, about 22:1, about 24:1, or about 48:1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the oil to the surfactant is in the range of about 1:1 to about 48:1 or about 1:1 to about 24:1.

[0043] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition further comprises a fatty acid having about 4 to about 28 carbon atoms. The fatty acid may be a mixture of two or more fatty acids. The fatty acid is described in more detail below.

[0044] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition further comprises an ester of a fatty alcohol, wherein the fatty alcohol comprises about 4 to about 28 carbon atoms, and wherein the ester of the fatty alcohol comprises a monoester, diester, trimer, or any combination thereof. The ester of the fatty alcohol may be a mixture of esters of two or more fatty alcohols.

[0045] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition is substantially free of vegetable oils, fatty amines, fatty amine salts, polyethylene glycol, phosphate esters, or any combination thereof.

[0046] The lubricant composition disclosed in the second aspect comprises: The amount is about 50% to about 98% by weight or about 50% to about 96% by weight of oil, wherein the oil is selected from mineral oil, silicone oil, synthetic oil or a combination thereof; The surfactant is present in amounts of about 2% to about 50% by weight, or about 4% to about 50% by weight, or about 4% to about 27.5% by weight. Based on the total weight of the composition, the amount of water is from about 0% to about 15% by weight or from about 0% to about 5% by weight; and Other additives commonly used in optional biocidal, chelating, or lubricant compositions.

[0047] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition contains less than about 48%, or less than about 15%, or less than about 10%, or less than about 5%, or less than about 1% water based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the presence of water is from 0% to about 48% by weight, or from 0% to about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the lubricant composition is substantially water-free. mineral oil

[0048] Mineral oils (also known as base oils, mineral base oils, or lubricant base oils) are primarily hydrocarbons, which may include alkanes, naphthalenes, aromatic compounds, and polycyclic compounds, with boiling points typically greater than 100 degrees Celsius (°C) and generally greater than 300°C. Many mineral oils are produced from petroleum distillates, but other sources are also possible. Some mineral oils contain higher levels of impurities, while others are more refined. Examples of mineral oils include motor vehicle engine oils, including semi-synthetic or fully synthetic embodiments. As used herein, the term "mineral oil" includes, but is not limited to, motor vehicle engine oils, white oils, white mineral oils, light liquid paraffin oils (LLPO), paraffin oils, liquid paraffin (highly refined medical grade), liquid paraffin, liquid petroleum, mineral sealants, and combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, mineral oils can be prepared from naturally occurring crude oil. Crude oil can be distilled first at atmospheric pressure and then distilled under high vacuum to produce vacuum distillates and residual fractions that can be further refined. Many mineral oils have 15 or more carbon atoms. Synthetic oils can be produced from sources other than petroleum and generally have greater consistency in molecular structure. For example, the molecular weight can be more uniform, and the structure of alkanes can be more consistent with that of cycloalkanes with that of aromatics.

[0049] Mineral oils are typically colorless, odorless, light mixtures of higher alkanes derived from minerals, particularly petroleum distillates, distinguishing them from commonly edible vegetable oils. Liquid paraffin, sometimes called liquid paraffin, paraffin oil, liquid paraffin oil, or Russian mineral oil, is usually a highly refined mineral oil and is used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other industries. Paraffin used as fuel is sometimes called kerosene and is not suitable for cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications. Paraffin oil is typically transparent and colorless, has almost no odor, and consists of saturated hydrocarbons derived from petroleum.

[0050] Synthetic oils include artificially synthesized or modified compounds (blended compounds) rather than compounds extracted or drilled from sources such as petroleum or crude oil. Synthetic oils can be manufactured using chemically modified petroleum components, but can also be synthesized from other raw materials. In many examples, the base material is derived from crude oil, which is distilled and then physically and / or chemically modified. Synthetic processes are often protected as trade secrets and vary depending on the type of synthetic oil. Synthetic oils have many uses, such as as engine oils under harsh conditions and in metal stamping.

[0051] In this description, "mineral oil" and "synthetic oil" are distinguished by their different compositions, allowing these two types of oil to be differentiated based on their composition. The table below provides several characteristics of each type of oil. Generally, "mineral oil" is defined as having more than 4% by weight of cyclic hydrocarbons, including more than 3% by weight of bicyclic hydrocarbons, while "synthetic oil" has less than 1% by weight of cyclic hydrocarbons, including less than 1% by weight of bicyclic hydrocarbons, where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the oil.

[0052] Text Table 1

[0053] Synthetic oils have a narrower range of hydrocarbon lengths, and this range varies depending on the type of synthetic oil. As used herein, synthetic oils differ from "mineral oils," which contain a greater amount of cyclic hydrocarbons, as described above. Some references refer to synthetic oils as a subset of mineral oils, but this is not the case in this description. Synthetic oils typically do not contain some impurities present in mineral oils, such as waxes, sulfur compounds, etc. This can improve the flow properties of synthetic oils. silicone oil

[0054] Silicone oil or modified silicone oil is any liquid polymeric siloxane having organic side chains. In some embodiments, the silicone oil includes polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylhydrosiloxane, aminosiloxane, phenylmethylsiloxane, vinylsiloxane, hydroxysiloxane, polyethersiloxane, polyestersiloxane, and quaternary ammonium siloxane. An example of a silicone oil is polydimethylsiloxane, CAS number 63148-62-9, wherein examples of polydimethylsiloxane mentioned herein primarily include polydimethylsiloxane, but other impurities are possible. A polydimethylsiloxane with a viscosity of about 1,000 centistokes (Cst) has a molecular weight of about 30,000 Daltons, and a polydimethylsiloxane with a viscosity of about 100 Cst has a molecular weight of about 5,000 Daltons. Other molecular weights and viscosities are also possible. Test samples indicate that silicone oils with viscosities ranging from 100 Cst to 1,000 Cst provide the required lubricity while controlling the blackening common in alternative oil types. This suggests that a wider molecular weight range would also provide acceptable performance, for example, a range from approximately 2,000 Daltons to approximately 50,000 Daltons, or from approximately 1,000 Daltons to approximately 100,000 Daltons.

[0055] Modified silicone oils are included in the definition of silicone oils. An example of a modified silicone oil is a polyether siloxane, with CAS number 134180-76-0. The polyether siloxanes mentioned herein primarily include the compound polyether siloxane, but may also include other impurities. Many other types of modified silicone oils are also known to those skilled in the art.

[0056] Examples demonstrate that modified silicone oils can provide the required lubricity while allowing acceptable control of the blackening typical of other types of lubricants. Therefore, modified silicone oils can be used without the addition of surfactants, although surfactants may also be added. Furthermore, modified silicone oils can be used in combination with other types of silicone oils without the need for surfactants and provide sufficient performance. Nonionic surfactants

[0057] Nonionic surfactants suitable for use in this disclosure include, but are not limited to: fatty acid esters; fatty alcohol surfactants, such as cetyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol; fatty alcohol alkoxylate surfactants, such as fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol propoxylates, and fatty alcohol ethoxylates / propoxylates; fatty alcohol alkoxylate carboxylates, such as fatty alcohol ethoxylate carboxylates, fatty alcohol propoxylate carboxylates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates / propoxylate carboxylates, and fatty alcohol butoxylates; dehydrated sorbitol ester surfactants; ethoxylated dehydrated sorbitol ester surfactants; polysorbate esters, or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactants include castor oil ethoxylate surfactants, oleic acid ethoxylates, etc. In one exemplary embodiment, the nonionic surfactant comprises an alcohol alkoxylate having 4 to 28 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic portion of the surfactant and about 1 to 80 hydrophilic units in the hydrophilic portion of the surfactant, wherein the hydrophilic units include ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units, butane oxide units, and combinations thereof. This can be referred to as a C4-C28 1-80 EO alcohol alkoxylate, which has 1-80 ethoxylate units terminated with alcohol portions, and an alkane chain with 4 to 28 carbon atoms attached to the ethoxylate units.

[0058] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant comprises a fatty acid ester having the following chemical structure:

[0059] in: R1 consists of 4 to about 28 carbon atoms, or 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; R2 comprises 4 to approximately 28 carbon atoms, or 3 to approximately 15 carbon atoms, or 5 to approximately 12 carbon atoms; and R1 and R2 each independently include straight-chain carbon structures, branched carbon structures, cyclic carbon structures, aromatic carbon structures, or any combination thereof.

[0060] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant comprises a fatty alcohol alkoxylate having the following chemical structure. RO-(CH(Y)-CH2-O)n-(CH2) m -COOH, in: R is an alkyl group containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms. Y is H or CH3 n is a number ranging from approximately 3 to approximately 50, and m is a number ranging from approximately 0 to approximately 3.

[0061] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant comprises a fatty alcohol ethoxylate, which includes a C4-28 alkyl group and about 1 to about 80 hydrophilic repeating units, wherein the hydrophilic units include ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units, butane oxide units, and combinations thereof.

[0062] In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant comprises a fatty alcohol ethoxylate, which includes a C12-24 alkyl group (i.e., R is an alkyl group containing 12 to 24 carbon atoms) and about 3 to about 14 ethylene oxide repeating units (i.e., n is 3 to about 14). In some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant comprises a fatty alcohol ethoxylate, which includes a C8-14 alkyl group and 3 to 8 ethylene oxide repeating units.

[0063] Non-limiting examples of fatty alcohol ethoxylated surfactants include lauryl alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, C9-C11 alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, C12-C13 alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, C12-14 alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, C12-15 alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, C14-C15 alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, C14-C16 alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, C16-C18 alcohol ethoxylated surfactants, etc. In one exemplary embodiment, the fatty alcohol ethoxylated surfactant includes C12-14 3EO alcohol ethoxylated surfactants.

[0064] Sorbitol ester surfactants may include, but are not limited to, sorbitol monoester, sorbitol diester, sorbitol triester, or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of sorbitol ester surfactants include sorbitol monooleate, sorbitol monolaurate, sorbitol monostearate, sorbitol monopalmitate, sorbitol tristearate, sorbitol trioleate, sorbitol sesquioleate, or combinations thereof.

[0065] Ethoxylated sorbitan ester surfactants may include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated sorbitan monoesters, ethoxylated sorbitan diesters, ethoxylated sorbitan triesters, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, ethoxylated sorbitan ester surfactants comprise ethoxylated sorbitan monoesters, diesters, and / or triesters having straight-chain or branched long-chain fatty acids. Non-limiting examples of ethoxylated sorbitan ester surfactants include polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate, ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate, or any mixture thereof. Polysorbates are also possible nonionic surfactants. cationic surfactants

[0066] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition may include a cationic surfactant. The amount of the cationic surfactant present in the lubricant composition may be from 0 to approximately 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. However, other concentrations are also possible. In one exemplary embodiment, the cationic surfactant includes a quaternary ammonium salt surfactant. Examples of quaternary ammonium salt surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkylbenzyl ammonium chloride, alkyldimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dialkyldimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyldimethylethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, alkylbenzyl ammonium bromide, alkyldimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, dialkyldimethyl ammonium bromide, alkyldimethylethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, didecyl benzyl ammonium chloride, and didecyl benzyl ammonium chloride. Dimethyl ammonium bromide, dimyristyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium bromide, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, alkyl benzyl ammonium iodide, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium iodide, dialkyl dimethyl ammonium iodide, alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium iodide, decyl dimethyl ammonium iodide, dimyristyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium iodide, cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium iodide, cetylpyridinium iodide, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium iodide, or any combination thereof. Anionic surfactants

[0067] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition may contain anionic surfactants. As those skilled in the art will understand, anionic surfactants have a negative charge at their hydrophilic end. Many examples of anionic surfactants are known and can be incorporated into lubricant compositions. Amphoteric surfactants

[0068] Amphoteric surfactants consist of ionizable positively and negatively charged portions at the hydrophilic end of the compound. The pH of the composition affects the charge of the surfactant. Many examples of amphoteric surfactants are known and can be incorporated into lubricant compositions. fatty acid

[0069] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition may include fatty acids, wherein the amount of the fatty acids present may be from 0 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. The fatty acids used in this disclosure comprise from about 4 to about 28 carbon atoms. The fatty acids may be saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Furthermore, the fatty acids may include straight-chain carbon structures, branched carbon structures, cyclic carbon structures, aromatic carbon structures, or any combination thereof. The fatty acids may be substituted or unsubstituted. In some embodiments, the fatty acids are a mixture of two or more fatty acids.

[0070] Non-limiting examples of fatty acids are butyric acid, hexanoic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, 9-cis-tetradecenoic acid, heptadecanic acid, stearic acid, myristone acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, tall oil fatty acids, arachidic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, behenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, lignoceric acid, nervonic acid, ricinoleic acid, dimer fatty acids, trimer fatty acids, polymeric fatty acids, or combinations thereof. Fatty alcohol esters

[0071] The lubricant composition may optionally comprise an ester of a fatty alcohol, wherein the ester of the fatty alcohol is present in an amount of 0 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. The fatty alcohol ester used in this disclosure is an ester of a fatty alcohol comprising about 4 to about 28 carbon atoms, and wherein the ester of the fatty alcohol comprises a monoester, diester, trimer, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the ester of the fatty alcohol is a blend of at least two esters of fatty alcohols. In some embodiments, the ester of the fatty alcohol comprises a monoester of a fatty alcohol.

[0072] In some embodiments, the ester of the fatty alcohol has the following chemical structure:

[0073] in: R A It includes 4 to about 28 carbon atoms, or 3 to about 15 carbon atoms, or 5 to about 12 carbon atoms; R B It comprises 4 to approximately 28 carbon atoms, or approximately 6 to approximately 20 carbon atoms; and R A and RB Each independently includes straight-chain carbon structures, branched carbon structures, cyclic carbon structures, aromatic carbon structures, or any combination thereof.

[0074] In some implementations, R A It is an alkyl chain containing about 7 to about 9 carbon atoms, and R B It is an alkyl chain containing about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms.

[0075] Examples of suitable fatty alcohol esters include, but are not limited to, fatty alcohol salicylates, fatty alcohol caproate esters, fatty alcohol octanoate esters, fatty alcohol decanoate esters, or any mixture thereof.

[0076] In some embodiments, the esters of the fatty alcohol include tridecyl salicylate, dodecyl salicylate, decyl salicylate, octyl salicylate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, lauryl hexanoate, myristyl hexanoate, oleyl hexanoate, linoleyl hexanoate, linolenic acid hexanoate, palmyl hexanoate, palm oil hexanoate, stearyl hexanoate, lauryl caprylate, myristyl caprylate, oleyl caprylate, linolenic acid caprylate, linolenic acid caprylate, palmyl caprylate, palm oil caprylate, stearyl caprylate, lauryl decanoate, myristyl decanoate, oleyl decanoate, linolenic acid caprylate, linolenic acid caprylate, palmyl decanoate, palm oil caprylate, stearyl decanoate, or any mixture thereof. biocides

[0077] When desired, the disclosed dry lubricant compositions may include a biocide as an optional component, in an amount of 0 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. When the disclosed dry lubricant compositions include a biocide, desired antimicrobial properties can be achieved. As used herein, the term "biocide" also includes any antimicrobial agent. Suitable biocides include, but are not limited to, quaternary ammonium salts, chlorobenzene, isothiazolinones, alcohols, amines, organic acids, aldehydes, phenolic biocides, benzotriazoles, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-thiadiazinane-2-thione, or any combination thereof. Particularly good results are obtained when biocides are combined with cationic surfactants.

[0078] Examples of quaternary ammonium salts include, but are not limited to, alkylbenzylammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, dialkyldimethylammonium chloride, alkyldimethylethylbenzylammonium chloride, or any combination thereof.

[0079] Examples of chlorobenzene biocides include, but are not limited to, chlorhexidine, triclosan, chloroxylenol, dichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, or any combination thereof.

[0080] Examples of isothiazolinone biocides include, but are not limited to, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one or any combination thereof.

[0081] Examples of alcohol-based biocides include, but are not limited to, phenoxyethanol; benzyl alcohol, 1,2-hexanediol, bromonitrobenzyl glycol, ethylhexylglycerin, butylated hydroxytoluene, p-hydroxybenzoate, butylated hydroxyanisole, or any combination thereof.

[0082] Examples of amine biocides include, but are not limited to, (N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropylpropane-1,3-diamine; sodium hydroxymethylglycinate; imidazolidinyl urea; or any combination thereof).

[0083] Examples of organic acid biocides include, but are not limited to, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, decanoic acid, octanoic acid, undecenoic acid, glycolic acid, nonanoic acid, formic acid, sorbic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, furoic acid, polyglutamic acid, boric acid, or any combination thereof.

[0084] Examples of aldehyde biocides include, but are not limited to, succinaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, or any combination thereof.

[0085] Examples of phenolic biocides include, but are not limited to, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, parabens, paraben derivatives, or any combination thereof. Chelating agents

[0086] When needed, the disclosed dry lubricant composition may contain a chelating agent as an optional component, in an amount of 0 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Examples of suitable chelating agents include, but are not limited to, glutamic acid diacetic acid, methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphonobutanetriacetic acid (PBTC), ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, hypozoxytriacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, iminodisuccinic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediamine-N,N′-disuccinic acid, 1,3-propanediaminetetraacetic acid, ethanol diglycine, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP), aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid (ATMP), diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, phosphate polymers, gluconic acid, aspartic acid, glucoheponic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, triethanolamine, hexametaphosphate (HEMP), ion exchangers, polyacrylates, polysaccharides, bentonite, clay, sorbitol, alkyl polyglucosides, or any salt thereof.

[0087] In some embodiments, the chelating agent includes, but is not limited to, methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA) or a salt thereof, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or a salt thereof, sodium iminodisuccinate, trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid monohydrate, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, sodium hypotriacetate (NTA), pentasodium N-hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetate, trisodium N,N-di(β-hydroxyethyl)glycine, sodium gluconate, or any combination thereof.

[0088] In some embodiments, the chelating agent in the disclosed dry lubricant composition also acts as a biocide. antioxidants

[0089] In some embodiments, the lubricant composition may optionally include an antioxidant. The antioxidant may be a primary antioxidant or a secondary antioxidant, and may include a variety of different antioxidant compounds combined in the lubricant composition. When optionally present, the amount of the antioxidant in the lubricant composition may be from 0.01 to about 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. In one exemplary embodiment, the antioxidant may include one or more of amine compounds, phenolic compounds, thiols, thiophenes, thioesters, phosphate esters, their derivatives, and combinations thereof. Some of these compounds have the general formula shown below, but alternative embodiments may also be used.

[0090] amine compounds

[0091] Phenolic compounds

[0092] Thioesters

[0093] Phosphite compounds Other optional ingredients

[0094] When necessary, the disclosed dry lubricant compositions may contain additional ingredients to further enhance processing and / or performance properties, in amounts ranging from 0 to 30% by weight of the total lubricant composition. Such additional ingredients may include, but are not limited to, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, organic solvents, corrosion inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, rust inhibitors, defoamers, anti-wear agents, viscosity modifiers, stress cracking inhibitors, antifreeze agents, stabilizers, pH adjusters, water-soluble growth promoters, or any combination thereof. Optional ingredients are selected in a manner that ensures compatibility with other chemical components in the composition, for example, in terms of their miscibility and stability. The amounts and types of these additional ingredients will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0095] Suitable anionic surfactants may include phosphate ester surfactants, such as monophosphate, diephosphate, or mixtures thereof; carboxylate surfactants; sulfate surfactants; sulfonate surfactants; succinate surfactants, such as monoalkyl succinates; sulfosuccinate surfactants, such as alkyl sulfosuccinates; maleate surfactants, such as monoalkyl maleates; taurine surfactants, such as alkyl taurines, acyl taurines; sulfoacetate surfactants; hydroxyethyl sulfonate surfactants, such as acyl hydroxyethyl sulfonate; or any combination thereof.

[0096] The phosphate ester surfactant comprises monoesters, diesters, or any combination thereof. The phosphate ester may contain alkyl terminal groups having about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, or about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Furthermore, the phosphate ester may contain repeating units of ethylene oxide (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO).

[0097] In some embodiments, the phosphate ester comprises at least one alkyl group having about 10 to 20 carbon atoms (or about 12 to 18 carbon atoms), and 2 to about 10 (or 3 to about 6) ethylene oxide (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO) repeating units. In some embodiments, the phosphate ester comprises an alkyl group having about 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and about 3 to about 6 ethylene oxide (EO) repeating units.

[0098] Non-limiting examples of phosphate esters include oleyl-3EO-phosphate esters, C16-18 alkyl-O-5EO-phosphate esters (monoesters and / or diesters), C12-14 alkyl-O-4EO-phosphate esters (monoesters and / or diesters), C13-15 alkyl-O-7EO-phosphate esters (monoesters and / or diesters), oleyl-O-4EO-phosphate esters (mixtures of monoesters and diesters), C17 alkyl-O-6EO-phosphate esters (monoesters and / or diesters), or any combination thereof. As used herein, for example, "3EO" means three repeating ethylene oxide units.

[0099] Furthermore, the phosphate ester can be a salt of any form, including but not limited to amine salts, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the ammonium salt of the phosphate ester comprises a C8-20 alkylammonium salt (or a C10-18 alkylammonium salt) of a monoester, diester, or a mixture thereof. Non-limiting examples of such ammonium salts of phosphate esters include C11-14 alkylammonium salts of monohexyl phosphate, C11-14 alkylammonium salts of dihexyl phosphate, or mixtures thereof.

[0100] Non-limiting examples of suitable carboxylate surfactants include alkyl carboxylates, such as salts of C8-18 carboxylic acids; alkyl ether carboxylates (also known as alkoxylated carboxylates), such as C16-18 alkyl ether carboxylates; or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the carboxylate surfactant comprises an alkyl group having about 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and about 3 to about 10 ethylene oxide (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO) groups. Non-limiting examples of such carboxylate surfactants include C12 alkyl-4EO-carboxylates, C16-18 alkyl-2EO-carboxylates, C16-18 alkyl-5EO-carboxylates, C16-18 alkyl-5EO-carboxylates, C4-8 alkyl-8EO-carboxylates, or any mixtures thereof.

[0101] Non-limiting examples of sulfate surfactants include alkyl sulfates, such as C12-18 alkyl sulfates; alkyl aryl sulfates; alkyl ether sulfates, such as C12-14 alkyl ether sulfates; alkyl aryl ether sulfates; or any combination thereof.

[0102] Non-limiting examples of sulfonate surfactants include alkyl aryl sulfonates, such as dodecylbenzene sulfonate; α-olefin sulfonates; alkyl glycerol sulfonates; or any combination thereof.

[0103] Suitable organic solvents for use in this disclosure are water-miscible solvents, such as, but not limited to, C1-C6 alcohols, glycol ethers, etc. Exemplary C1-C6 alcohols are methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, or mixtures thereof. An example of a glycol ether is dipropylene glycol methyl ether. Dry lubrication method

[0104] refer to Figure 1 A portion of the conveyor system 10 includes a conveyor belt 12, a lubricant application system 14, and a wash application system 16. The conveyor belt 12 has a load-bearing surface 20 configured to support the article 22 thereon. In the illustrated embodiment, the conveyor belt 12 is supported by a support belt 24, but other types of support or no support for the conveyor belt 12 are possible alternative embodiments.

[0105] The disclosed method for lubricating the load-bearing surface 20 of the conveyor belt 12 typically uses the lubricant composition 30 as described above. In one exemplary embodiment, the load-bearing surface 20 may be stainless steel, but alternative embodiments are also possible. For example, a glass load-bearing surface 20, as well as rubber, carbon steel, and a variety of other materials or combinations thereof, are also possible. The load-bearing surface 20 may be a flexible, continuous belt, or multiple plates working together to carry articles 22. In one exemplary embodiment, the articles 22 carried by the conveyor system are one or more glass bottles, but many other articles 22 are possible in alternative embodiments.

[0106] The method may include the following steps: The disclosed lubricant composition 30 is applied discontinuously to the load-bearing surface 20, wherein the lubricant composition 30 may be applied undiluted (net). As used herein, the term "net" means that the lubricant composition 30 is applied at the application point without dilution. In one exemplary embodiment, the lubricant composition 30 is applied by bringing the load-bearing surface into contact with an application device, which may be a brush 32, a sponge, a lubricant spray nozzle 34, or other device. During application, the application device is typically immersed in the lubricant composition 30. In the illustrated example, the lubricant application system 14 includes a lubricant storage container 36, a brush 32 for applying the lubricant composition 30 to the load-bearing surface 20, and a lubricant spray nozzle 34 for applying the lubricant composition 30 to a support system (i.e., the support belt 24 in the illustrated embodiment). Thus, the lubricant composition 30 can be used to lubricate the bottom of the conveyor belt 12, including the support belt 24 and / or other support structures or drive mechanisms for the conveyor belt 12. The lubricant composition 30 can also be used to lubricate other aspects of the conveyor system 10 as needed. During application, the application device is typically immersed in the lubricant composition 30. The lubricant application system 14 may include other components not illustrated, such as one or more pumps, lines, etc. In one exemplary embodiment, the lubricant application system 14 may include components for manually applying the lubricant composition to the load-bearing surface 20 or the conveyor system 10, for example, using a brush 32. Other application methods are also possible, such as spraying, dripping, etc.

[0107] Lubricant composition 30 is periodically applied to load-bearing surface 20 (and may also be applied to other surfaces of conveyor system 10, such as drive mechanisms or other components). In one exemplary embodiment, lubricant composition 30 is applied at least when the coefficient of friction (COF) increases to exceed its maximum value. This is done to maintain the COF at a value acceptable for the normal operation of conveyor system 10. Therefore, the COF of load-bearing surface 20 can be monitored to help determine when more lubricant composition 30 should be applied. More lubricant composition 30 may also be applied at specified time intervals. For example, based on experience, conveyor system 10 can operate for a known period before the COF increases above its maximum value, thus eliminating the need for COF monitoring by applying lubricant composition 30 at time intervals that maintain the COF below its maximum value. In one exemplary embodiment, lubricant composition 30 is applied to load-bearing surface 20 in an amount of about 1 to about 50 grams per square meter of load-bearing surface 20.

[0108] In one exemplary embodiment, the load-bearing surface 20 comprises stainless steel, and the maximum COF value can be from about 0.1 to about 0.25, or from about 0.09 to about 0.25, or from about 0.09 to about 0.20. However, other maximum COF values ​​may also be used. Thus, the coefficient of friction and the maximum COF value can be determined using a load-bearing surface 20 primarily comprising stainless steel and a glass friction surface, wherein the coefficient of friction is measured between the load-bearing surface 20 and the friction surface.

[0109] The load-bearing surface 20 is periodically washed, for example, by rinsing it with an aqueous composition 40 using a washing application system 16. In one exemplary embodiment, the washing application system 16 includes an aqueous composition tank 42 and an aqueous nozzle 44 for applying the aqueous composition 40 to the load-bearing surface 20. Other embodiments of the washing application system 16 are also possible, ranging from simple systems such as buckets for manually sprinkling the aqueous composition 40 onto the load-bearing surface 20, to complex computer control systems, and any form in between.

[0110] In one exemplary embodiment, the load-bearing surface 20 can be washed when the blackening of the load-bearing surface 20 or the blackening of the article 22 being conveyed on the load-bearing surface 20 exceeds a set maximum blackening value. In one exemplary embodiment, the load-bearing surface 20 is washed with an aqueous composition 40, wherein the amount of the aqueous composition 40 used exceeds the amount of the lubricant composition 30 applied to the load-bearing surface 20. It has been found that the load-bearing surface 20 can be washed multiple times before the COF exceeds the maximum COF value. Therefore, the load-bearing surface 20 can be washed multiple times before the lubricant composition 30 is reapplied to the load-bearing surface 20. It has also been found that blackening can be washed away with the aqueous composition 40 during operation, so that the conveyor system 10 can continue to operate when the blackening is washed away. Furthermore, the lubricant composition 30 can be applied while the conveyor system 10 is running, so the system allows continuous operation using a dry lubricant composition 30 that maintains the COF below the maximum COF value and also allows the removal of blackening, thereby avoiding unsightly discoloration. In some embodiments, it has been found that the conveyor system 10 can be washed with the aqueous composition 40 at least six or more times between applications of the lubricant composition 30, while maintaining the COF below the maximum COF and keeping the blackening within acceptable limits.

[0111] In some embodiments, the aqueous composition 40 may contain a detergent additive 46. When the aqueous composition 40 contains detergent additive 46, the washing step may be more effective in removing blackening, and therefore less dry lubricant composition 30 may be required. In some embodiments, detergent additive 46 may be contained in the aqueous composition 40 intermittently, so that the aqueous composition 40 contains detergent additive 46 for some washing processes, but not for every wash. The operator may determine whether detergent additive 46 is needed based on the observed level of blackening, the coefficient of friction on the conveyor belt 12, the number of washes with or without detergent additive 46 used, or other techniques. Alternatively, the detergent additive may be contained in the aqueous composition 40 in substantially all washing processes.

[0112] In one exemplary embodiment, the detergent additive 46 optionally includes an antioxidant. The antioxidant may be a primary antioxidant or a secondary antioxidant, and the antioxidant may include a variety of different antioxidant compounds combined in the detergent additive 46 and / or the aqueous composition 40. The antioxidant may be the same as or different from the antioxidant optionally used in the lubricant composition 30. When optionally present, the amount of the antioxidant in the aqueous composition 40 may be from 0.01 to about 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition 40. Therefore, the concentration of the antioxidant in the detergent additive 46 can be set such that when diluted in the aqueous composition 40, the concentration of the antioxidant in the aqueous composition 40 is from about 0.01 to about 2% by weight. In one exemplary embodiment, as discussed above with respect to the lubricant composition 30, the antioxidant may include one or more of amine compounds, phenolic compounds, thiols, thiophenes, thioesters, phosphate esters, their derivatives, and combinations thereof. Some of these compounds have the general formula shown below, but alternative embodiments may also be used.

[0113] amine compounds

[0114] Phenolic compounds

[0115] Thioesters

[0116] Phosphite compounds

[0117] In one exemplary embodiment, the detergent additive may optionally include a chelating compound (chelating agent). The chelating agent may be present in the detergent additive 46 in an amount such that the concentration of the chelating agent in the aqueous composition 40 is from about 0.1 to about 25% by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous composition 40. The amount of chelating agent in the aqueous composition 40 may be adjusted based on the water hardness, wherein the water hardness reflects the amount of minerals dissolved in the water. The chelating agent may include one or more different compounds, which may optionally be combined in the aqueous composition 40. The chelating agent may be selected from carboxylates (including but not limited to aminocarboxylates), phosphates, and phosphonates, but other types of chelating agents may also be used.

[0118] Examples of carboxylate chelating agents include glutamic acid, diacetic acid, methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphonobutanetricarboxylic acid (PBTC), ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, hypozoxytriacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, iminodisuccinic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediamine-N,N′-disuccinic acid, 1,3-propanediaminetetraacetic acid, ethanol diglycine, acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, aspartic acid, glucoheponic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and triethanolamine, but other carboxylate chelating agents may also be used. Examples of phosphate chelating agents include, but are not limited to, phosphoric acid, phosphate polymers, and hexametaphosphate (HEMP). Exemplary embodiments of phosphonate chelating agents include, but are not limited to, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP), aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid (ATMP), and diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid. As mentioned above, other types of chelating agents can also be used, such as ion-exchange chelating agents, polyacrylates, polysaccharides, bentonite, clay, sorbitol, alkyl polyglucosides and their salts, but other types may also be effective.

[0119] The detergent additive 46 may optionally contain a reducing agent, which may aid in the cleaning action of the detergent additive 46. In various embodiments, the reducing agent may be organic and / or inorganic. Exemplary reducing agents include, but are not limited to, sulfides, metabisulfites, other sulfites and / or bisulfites, thiosulfates, dithionites, hydrides, and their derivatives and combinations thereof. In various embodiments, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition 40, the reducing agent may be present in the detergent additive 46 in an amount such that the concentration of the reducing agent in the aqueous composition 40 is from 0 to about 20% by weight, or from 0 to about 10% by weight, or from about 3 to about 8% by weight.

[0120] The detergent additive 46 may also include other optional compounds, such as surfactants (nonionic, cationic, anionic, amphoteric), pH adjusters, water-soluble oils, and other additives, such as fragrances, colorants, etc.

[0121] When the disclosed dry lubricant composition 30 is applied discontinuously to the load-bearing surface 20, the lubricant composition 30 provides excellent lubricity between the contact surfaces of the load-bearing surface 20 and the article 22, as indicated by a coefficient of friction (COF) in the range of about 0.09 to about 0.25, and when the aqueous composition 40 is repeatedly and intermittently applied to the surface, the lubricant composition 30 remains on the surface. The disclosed lubricant composition 30 reduces friction between surfaces and ensures good sliding contact to allow for proper high-speed conveyor operation. Furthermore, the lubricant composition 30 prevents excessive friction between the conveyor belt 12 and the support belt 24 or other support structures, keeping the operation of the conveyor system 10 within design specifications. Without lubrication, the support belt or other support and / or drive mechanism of the conveyor system 10 would eventually fail.

[0122] In some embodiments, the initial coefficient of friction is in the range of about 0.07 to about 0.20, and when the detected coefficient of friction on the load-bearing surface 20 increases to about 0.25 or to about 0.20, the lubricant composition 30 is discontinuously reapplied to the load-bearing surface 20, but other maximum values ​​of COF are also possible.

[0123] As the conveyor operates, blackening begins to form and accumulate on the load-bearing surface 20, causing cleaning and aesthetic problems for processing / packaging operations. Furthermore, blackening can transfer to the surfaces of containers already conveyed on the conveyor belt 12, jeopardizing the container's aesthetic appearance and reducing the value of the product contained within. In some conventional dry lubrication methods, the conveyor is stopped for thorough cleaning to ensure complete removal of blackening from the surface before any further conveyor operation can proceed.

[0124] In the method described herein, an aqueous composition 40 is intermittently applied to the load-bearing surface 20 at a certain time after the dry lubricant composition 30 is applied to the conveyor system 10 to remove blackening from the load-bearing surface 20. The aqueous composition 40 can be intermittently applied to the load-bearing surface 20 using any known applicator, including but not limited to non-energized nozzles; energized nozzles, such as but not limited to high-pressure nozzles, compressed air, ultrasonic applicators, to deliver the aqueous composition to the top, between, and / or below the conveyor belt; metering diaphragm pumps; peristaltic pumps; valveless rotary reciprocating piston metering pumps; brush applicators; or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the aqueous composition is applied when blackening is visually observed on the load-bearing surface 20. In some embodiments, the aqueous composition 40 is applied at set periodic time intervals, such as at least one hour after the application of the lubricant composition 30. In some embodiments, the aqueous composition 40 is applied every hour after the application of the lubricant composition 20. However, other embodiments regarding the timing of the wash are also possible.

[0125] Without being limited by any theory, it is believed that when the aqueous composition 40 is intermittently applied to the load-bearing surface 20 (e.g., the surface of the conveyor belt), the disclosed lubricant composition 30 forms a lubricant emulsion on the load-bearing surface 20. This lubricant emulsion emulsifies the blackening on the load-bearing surface 20, and the resulting emulsified blackening can be washed away from the load-bearing surface 20 by intermittently applied washing (e.g., with the aqueous composition 40). Thus, at least a portion of the lubricant composition 30 on the load-bearing surface 20 can act as a blackening emulsifier and be removed from the load-bearing surface 20 along with the blackening. As a result, the amount of lubricant composition 30 on the load-bearing surface 20 of the conveyor belt 12 continuously decreases as the conveyor operates. At some point during the conveyor operation, the amount of lubricant composition 30 on the load-bearing surface 20 decreases to a level too low to provide sufficient lubrication between surfaces (e.g., between the surface of the load-bearing surface 20 and the surface of the article 22 thereon), thereby exceeding the maximum COF value. This is indicated by the increase in the COF value between the load-bearing surface 20 and the surface of the article 22 conveyed by the conveyor system 10 as the conveyor operates and the aqueous composition 40 is intermittently applied to the load-bearing surface 20. Therefore, the lubricant composition 30 can be reapplied to the load-bearing surface 20 to maintain sufficient lubricity between the load-bearing surface 20 and the article 22 conveyed on the conveyor system 10 to ensure good sliding contact.

[0126] In one exemplary embodiment, the COF value between the load-bearing surface 20 and the article 22 conveyed by the conveyor system 10 is monitored during conveyor operation. In one exemplary embodiment of a glass container having a stainless steel load-bearing surface 22 and a glass container on the load-bearing surface 20, for a dry lubrication method that facilitates proper conveyor operation, the COF value should be in the range of about 0.09 to about 0.25. If the COF value is below 0.07, the container may fall off the conveyor belt due to insufficient friction between the load-bearing surface 20 of the conveyor belt 12 and the surface of the article 22 conveyed on the conveyor system 10. Therefore, a lower limit of about 0.09 provides a reasonable safety margin for stainless steel conveyor belts and glass friction surfaces, preventing the container from falling off. If the COF value is above 0.25, the friction between the load-bearing surface 20 of the conveyor belt 12 and the surface of the article 22 conveyed by the conveyor system 10 may be too high to provide good sliding contact between the surfaces. The disclosed dry lubrication method provides excellent lubricity. For example, it has been found that even six hours after the disclosed lubricant composition is applied to the conveyor belt 12, the disclosed dry lubricant method can provide a COF value in the range of about 0.09 to about 0.20. See Table 2.

[0127] Compared to conventional dry lubrication methods, the disclosed dry lubrication method demonstrates high efficiency in removing blackening without stopping conveyor operation to ensure sufficient removal of blackening from the surface using strong cleaning chemicals (e.g., strongly alkaline detergent compositions containing surfactants), high pressure, and / or mechanical abrasion. See Table 3.

[0128] Therefore, the disclosed dry lubrication method provides excellent lubricity and minimizes blackening problems, while still consuming the same low levels of water, energy, and operating costs as conventional dry lubrication methods.

[0129] In some embodiments, the method does not include intermittent washing of the load-bearing surface 20. Compared to methods that include intermittent washing, this particular embodiment does not require the intentional intermittent washing of the load-bearing surface 20 to promote the removal of blackening. Without being limited by any theory, it is believed that water on the load-bearing surface 20 or on the surface of the article 22 conveyed by the conveyor system 10 is sufficient to promote the removal of blackening without the need to intermittently apply the aqueous composition 40 to the load-bearing surface 20 or perform other intentional washing processes. The following are non-limiting examples of water on the load-bearing surface 20: • During container filling operations, containers may be filled with selected contents (e.g., carbonated beverages) at temperatures ranging from approximately 2°C to approximately 17°C, resulting in condensation forming on the outer surface of the filled container. Therefore, after the container leaves the filling station, it will have condensation on its outer surface. • During container filling operations, containers may be unintentionally overfilled or even ruptured. Water spray can be used to clean up any overfilling or spillage, resulting in water on the load-bearing surface 20 and nearby outer surfaces of the container. • During the transport of containers on the conveyor, some containers may accidentally break. Water spray can be used to clean up any spilled contents, leaving water on the load-bearing surface 20 and the outer surfaces of nearby containers; • Water on the load-bearing surface 20 may be carried in from other previous processing steps (e.g., container pre-washing, container washing, and / or container rinsing steps of the processing operation); etc.

[0130] With water present on the load-bearing surface 20, the disclosed lubricant composition 30 forms a lubricant emulsion on the load-bearing surface 20. The lubricant emulsion then emulsifies and effectively removes blackening from the load-bearing surface 20. The disclosed method significantly reduces the amount of water-containing washing composition 40 required: the disclosed lubricant composition 30 does not need to be diluted with water before being applied to the load-bearing surface 20 (i.e., applied undiluted), and effectively removes blackening from the load-bearing surface 20 without intermittent washing.

[0131] It has been found that when the method does not include intentionally washing the load-bearing surface 20, water consumption can be reduced by 85% or more compared to the method of intentionally washing the load-bearing surface 20.

[0132] The disclosed method for lubricating the load-bearing surface 20 can be used in any conventional conveyor system 10 known to those skilled in the art, such as chain systems, track systems, etc. The conveyor belt 12 can be made partially or entirely of any material known in the art, including but not limited to stainless steel, glass, rubber, plastics, polyacetal, polyamide, etc. These conveyor belts 12 are widely used in the food and / or beverage industry, for example, for cleaning, filling, or refilling containers such as bottles.

[0133] The article 22 conveyed on the conveyor system 10 may be a container. Such a container may be made partly or entirely of any known material, including but not limited to glass, metal, aluminum, plastic, paper, cardboard, etc. Suitable plastic containers may be composed of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride, silica-coated polyethylene terephthalate, etc. Furthermore, containers may have various sizes and shapes (e.g., bottles, cans, jugs, tubes, cartons, kegs, small drums, barrel kegs, rigid liquid packaging, brick-shaped liquid cartons, irregularly shaped liquid cartons, mountain-top cartons, pouches, etc.). In some embodiments, the container may be an "Aviation Small Bottle Effervescent Beverage Pack" (ASSP).

[0134] The disclosed dry lubrication method can be used during the transport of containers or other articles 22 on conveyor system 10, whereby conveyor system 10 is integrated into different operating units. Non-limiting examples of such operating units include those used for bottle washing, sorting, filling, capping, labeling, or packaging steps.

[0135] The disclosed lubricant composition 30 can be applied to the load-bearing surface 20 (e.g., a conveyor belt) using any known application method, including but not limited to spraying, wiping, brushing, dripping, rolling, and other methods for applying a film. In some embodiments, non-energized nozzles; energized nozzles (e.g., high-pressure nozzles, compressed air, ultrasonic applicators to deliver lubricant to the top, between, and / or below a conveyor belt); controlled metering applicators that allow the lubricant composition 30 to be applied to the load-bearing surface 20 at an accurate and low dose level according to a preset application rate; metering diaphragm pumps; peristaltic pumps; valveless rotary reciprocating piston metering pumps; brush applicators; or any combination thereof are used to perform discontinuous application of the lubricant composition 30 to the load-bearing surface 20. For application using a controlled metering applicator that allows the lubricant composition to be applied to the surface at an accurate and low dose level according to a preset application rate, in some embodiments, the low dose level is in the range of about 1 gram to about 50 grams per square meter of load-bearing surface.

[0136] The lubricant composition 30 may be located or intentionally applied between the conveyor belt chain and the conveyor belt chain support (e.g., abrasion strips). As a non-limiting example, a nozzle may be positioned below the top of the conveyor belt, spraying towards the bottom surface of the conveyor belt chain links, or the nozzle may be positioned so that its spray direction is towards the abrasion strips at a location accessible through or below the conveyor belt chain. Furthermore, nozzles or other application devices may be positioned to apply the lubricant composition 30 to substantially any other lubrication-enhanced component of the support belt 24 or the conveyor system 10 (or related processes).

[0137] In the disclosed method for lubricating the load-bearing surface 20, the lubricity of the load-bearing surface 20 can be monitored to determine whether and when the lubricant composition 30 needs to be reapplied to maintain proper lubricity between the surfaces, as described above. In some embodiments, a sensor is used to determine the COF value between the load-bearing surface 20 and the contact surface of the article 22 conveyed on the conveyor system 10, and when the COF value reaches a selected maximum COF value, the reapplication of the lubricant composition 30 is initiated using the measurement. In some embodiments, a vibration sensor is used to monitor vibration between the surfaces, and when the vibration reaches a selected value, the reapplication of the lubricant composition 30 is initiated. Example Example 1

[0138] A pilot-scale annular conveyor system with a commercially available stainless steel conveyor belt from SelvelConveyors Private Ltd. (India) was used in this study. The conveyor system was equipped with brush applicators at fixed locations and was cleaned prior to the study. White mineral oil was used as the mineral oil. Fatty alcohols and dehydrated sorbitan esters were used as surfactants. The fatty acids used in the study were a mixture of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid.

[0139] As described above, white tissue paper (used as a white substrate) is brought into contact with the top surface of the conveyor belt (“conveyor belt”) to obtain a blackened imprint on the conveyor belt. The reflectance value of the imprinted white tissue paper (“imprint paper”) is then measured using a Pantone CAPSURE spectrophotometer, model RM-200, commercially available from X-rite Corporation (USA). The reflectance value of the imprint paper is recorded as “R”. 0 The whiteness index is the reflectance value of white tissue paper embossed on the conveyor belt before the lubricant is applied. As mentioned above, this value is recorded and labeled as the whiteness index.

[0140] Approximately 36 grams of the test lubricant composition was applied to a brush applicator. The conveyor system was started and operated at ambient temperature. As the conveyor belt moved, the brush applicator distributed and spread the test lubricant composition onto the load-bearing surface of the conveyor belt. After at least three cycles of chain movement on the circular conveyor system, eight glass bottles with a total weight of approximately 8 kg were placed on the conveyor belt.

[0141] Tables 1, 1.1, and 1.2 show the test lubricant compositions used in the study.

[0142] Table 1

[0143] The values ​​in the table are the weight percentages of the specified components.

[0144] Experiments 1, 2 and 9 failed because the L value or whiteness index was below 41.

[0145] Mineral oil is a C9-50 hydrocarbon.

[0146] Nonionic surfactants are alcohol alkoxylates.

[0147] The anionic surfactant is sulfate ether.

[0148] The cationic surfactant is benzalkonium chloride.

[0149] Sorbitol ester is polysorbate 80, CAS number 9005-65-6.

[0150] The failure criteria are a coefficient of friction of 0.15 or higher, or a whiteness index of 41 or lower.

[0151] Table 1.1

[0152] The values ​​in the table are the weight percentages of the specified components.

[0153] Runs 10 and 11 failed due to high COF, run 12 failed due to high COF and low whiteness index, and run 21 failed due to low whiteness index.

[0154] Both 1000 and 100 Cst silicone oils have CAS# 63148-62-9.

[0155] Polyether siloxane has CAS# 134180-76-0.

[0156] Nonionic surfactants are alcohol alkoxylates.

[0157] The cationic surfactant is benzalkonium chloride.

[0158] Sorbitol ester is polysorbate 80, CAS number 9005-65-6.

[0159] The failure criteria are a coefficient of friction of 0.15 or higher, or a whiteness index of 41 or lower.

[0160] Table 1.2

[0161] The values ​​in the table are the weight percentages of the specified components.

[0162] Synthetic Oil 1 is Shell Advance 4T Fuel Save 10W-30 - Fully Synthetic Motorcycle Oil.

[0163] Synthetic Oil 2 is Gulf UltraSynth X Plus - a fully synthetic automotive engine oil.

[0164] Nonionic surfactants are alcohol alkoxylates.

[0165] The cationic surfactant is benzalkonium chloride.

[0166] Sorbitol ester is polysorbate 80, CAS number 9005-65-6.

[0167] The failure criteria are a coefficient of friction of 0.15 or higher, or a whiteness index of 41 or lower.

[0168] As the conveyor operates, water is intermittently applied to the conveyor belt through nozzles of a SprayGun SG550 device, commercially available from Power Action, Inc. (China). Intermittent water application is performed every hour after the application of the test lubricant composition.

[0169] In addition, as the conveyor operates, the frictional force between the conveyor belt and the glass bottle is measured and monitored online. The coefficient of friction (COF) value is measured and monitored using a MecMesin Advanced Force Gauge (AFG) 500 device (a commercially available digital push-pull force gauge from Mecmesin Ltd., UK).

[0170] Table 2 reports the COF values ​​at different time points after each test lubricant composition was applied to the conveyor belt.

[0171] Table 2 Coefficient of friction (COF) value

[0172]

[0173] Table 2 illustrates examples of compositions that have proven successful. This allows for the identification of compositions that provide sufficient performance as described above.

[0174] As the conveyor system operates, blackening (i.e., residues containing chromium, iron, silica, dirt, grime, or any mixture thereof) accumulates on the conveyor belt.

[0175] In this study, a test lubricant composition was applied to a conveyor belt, and the whiteness index was measured using the technique described above and recorded as the L0 value. The conveyor system was run for one hour. During this one-hour period, water was sprayed onto the conveyor belt at a rate of 0 to 500 grams per square meter, and then the conveyor system was stopped. White tissue paper was brought into contact with the conveyor belt to obtain a blackened mark on the conveyor belt and the whiteness index was measured. The reflectance value of the embossed paper was measured as described above and recorded as the "L1" value. The conveyor system was restarted and run for another hour, and then water was sprayed onto the conveyor belt. Then, the conveyor system was stopped to obtain the mark. The reflectance value of the embossed paper was measured and recorded as the "L2" value. The conveyor system was restarted and run for another hour, and then water was sprayed onto the conveyor belt. Then, the conveyor system was stopped to obtain the mark. The reflectance value of the embossed paper was measured and recorded as the "L3" value. These steps were repeated every hour until the reflectance values ​​of the embossed paper were obtained and recorded as the "L4", "L5", and "L6" values, respectively.

[0176] Table 3 shows the reflectance values ​​of the embossing paper at different time periods. An embossing paper with a reflectance value below 41 (i.e., an unacceptably high level of blackening) is unacceptable.

[0177] Table 3 Reflectance value of embossed paper

[0178]

[0179] Although not shown in Table 3, when using the comparative vegetable oil-based dry lubricant, the conveyor belt whiteness index increased from an initial value of 51.00 to below an acceptable value of 40.00 one hour after application. Therefore, the comparative vegetable oil-based dry lubricant provided an unacceptably high level of blackening only one hour after application. The test results shown in Table 3 demonstrate the various compositions that provided sufficient performance compared to those that failed.

[0180] Antioxidants were added to lubricant composition 30 and tested to determine whether the antioxidants provided value. Data are shown in Tables 4-6 below, where Table 4 provides the chemical composition of six different test formulations, Table 5 provides the COF values ​​for the chemical compositions listed in Table 4, and Table 6 provides the blackening test results for the compositions provided in Table 4. In Tables 5 and 6, the same aqueous composition was used for washing.

[0181] Table 4 Chemical composition

[0182]

[0183] Table 5 friction coefficient value

[0184]

[0185] Table 6 Reflectance value of embossed paper

[0186]

[0187] As can be seen from Table 4-6, the use of antioxidants in the lubricant composition results in a lower coefficient of friction over time. This is evident because higher concentrations of antioxidants lead to a lower coefficient of friction, which is particularly noticeable after approximately 6 hours of operation. Furthermore, as the reflectance values ​​over time indicate, the antioxidants do not negatively affect the blackening of the conveyor belt. This provides a measurable performance improvement.

[0188] Tables 7 to 9 provide experimental data for several synthetic oils.

[0189] Table 7

[0190] BP – Boiling point, in degrees Celsius All values ​​are expressed as a weight percentage, based on the total weight of the test formulation.

[0191] Table 8 Friction Coefficient Values

[0192] Table 9 Reflectance values ​​on embossed paper

[0193] As shown in Tables 7 to 9, the combination of synthetic oil and the surfactant provides good lubricity without causing excessive blackening on the substrate. Furthermore, composition S5 shows that synthetic oil can provide good results when combined with silicone oil. Additionally, composition S6 demonstrates that silicone oil can provide good results when combined with vegetable oil.

[0194] The various features and advantages of the present invention are set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A lubricant composition for use in conveyor systems, comprising: Oil, and The surfactant, wherein the ratio of oil to surfactant is from about 1 to about 48, and wherein the lubricant composition contains water in an amount of from 0 to about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

2. The lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the oil primarily comprises synthetic oil.

3. The lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the oil comprises synthetic oil and silicone oil.

4. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the surfactant comprises a nonionic surfactant, and the ratio of the oil to the surfactant is from about 1 to about 24, and wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from alcohol alkoxylates, fatty acid esters, polysorbates, dehydrated sorbitol esters, and combinations thereof.

5. The lubricant composition of claim 4, wherein the surfactant comprises an alcohol alkoxylate having 4 to 28 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic portion of the surfactant and having about 1 to 80 hydrophilic units in the hydrophilic portion of the surfactant, wherein the hydrophilic units comprise ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units, butane oxide units, and combinations thereof.

6. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the surfactant comprises anionic surfactant.

7. The lubricant composition of claim 1, further comprising an antioxidant in an amount of about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the antioxidant comprises one or more of amine compounds, phenolic compounds, thiols, thiophenes, thioesters, phosphate esters, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof.

8. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricant composition comprises a surfactant in an amount of about 10% to about 25% of the total weight of the lubricant composition.

9. A method for lubricating a conveyor system, the method comprising the following steps: A lubricant composition is applied to a load-bearing surface of a conveyor belt, wherein the load-bearing surface is configured to support articles carried by the conveyor system, wherein the lubricant composition comprises an oil and a surfactant, wherein the ratio of the oil to the surfactant is from about 1 to about 48, and wherein, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the lubricant composition contains an amount of 0 to about 15% by weight of water. and Before reapplying the lubricant composition to the load-bearing surface, the load-bearing surface is washed multiple times, wherein washing the load-bearing surface includes applying an aqueous composition to the load-bearing surface.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising: Measure the coefficient of friction on the load-bearing surface; and When the coefficient of friction exceeds the maximum value of COF, the lubricant composition is reapplied to the load-bearing surface.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the oil primarily comprises synthetic oil.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the oil primarily comprises mineral oil.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the surfactant comprises a nonionic surfactant, the ratio of the oil to the surfactant is about 1 to about 24, and wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from alcohol alkoxylates, fatty acid esters, polysorbates, dehydrated sorbitol esters, and combinations thereof.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the surfactant comprises an alcohol alkoxylate having 4 to 28 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic portion of the surfactant and having about 1 to 80 hydrophilic units in the hydrophilic portion of the surfactant, wherein the hydrophilic units comprise ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units, butane oxide units, and combinations thereof.

15. The method of claim 9, further comprising: The whiteness index of the load-bearing surface is measured, wherein the whiteness index is determined by rubbing a white substrate against the contact point on the load-bearing surface for a distance of about 10 cm to about 15 cm, while pressing the white substrate against the load-bearing surface with a weight of about 5 kg to about 40 kg, and then measuring the visible light reflectance value at the contact point to determine the whiteness index. and When the whiteness index drops to below approximately 41, wash the load-bearing surface.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the load-bearing surface is washed at least six times before the lubricant composition is reapplied to the load-bearing surface.

17. The method of claim 9, wherein the lubricant composition comprises an amount of about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of an antioxidant, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

18. The method of claim 9, wherein, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition, the aqueous composition contains an amount of about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of an antioxidant, an amount of about 0.1 to about 25% by weight of a chelating agent, and wherein, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition, the aqueous composition optionally contains an amount of 0 to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent.

19. A method for lubricating a conveyor system, the method comprising the following steps: A lubricant composition is applied to a load-bearing surface of a conveyor system, wherein the load-bearing surface is configured to support articles carried by the conveyor system, wherein the lubricant composition comprises synthetic oil and surfactant, and wherein, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the lubricant composition contains water in an amount of 0 to about 48% by weight. and Before reapplying the lubricant composition to the load-bearing surface, the load-bearing surface is washed multiple times with an aqueous composition.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the lubricant composition further comprises silicone oil.

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