Anti-static fabric and preparation method thereof
By using a synergistic conductive network of composite additives and functional auxiliaries in antistatic fabrics, the problems of easy shedding of conductive fillers and poor compatibility are solved, achieving efficient charge dissipation and long-lasting antistatic performance of the fabric.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing antistatic fabrics suffer from problems such as easy shedding of conductive fillers, poor compatibility, low charge dissipation efficiency, and poor antistatic performance during use, leading to a rapid decline in antistatic effect.
A conductive network is constructed from fiber powder and activated halloysite nanotubes using composite additives. Pretreated bamboo charcoal powder with functional additives and composite lanthanum and cerium chloride form a synergistic electrostatic conductive system. The compatibility and conductivity with the polyester matrix are improved through the binding and coating effect of dopamine hydrochloride.
It achieves efficient charge adsorption and dissipation in antistatic fabrics, improves the antistatic performance and durability of the fabrics, forms a continuous and stable conductive path, reduces the surface resistivity of the fabrics, and increases the service life of the fabrics.
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Figure CN122039255A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional textile materials technology, specifically to an antistatic fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Antistatic fabrics effectively prevent static electricity buildup by embedding conductive fibers, such as metal fibers, carbon fibers, or composite conductive filaments, into the fabric. Their working principle is to safely release static electricity generated by friction between the human body or the fabric through corona discharge and leakage conduction mechanisms, thus avoiding the generation of electric sparks. This type of fabric is widely used in flammable and explosive environments such as petroleum, chemical, electronics, and coal mines to make professional protective clothing.
[0003] In existing technologies, methods for antistatic modification of fabrics often employ blending of single conductive fillers or coating with simple compound fillers. However, conventional conductive fillers have poor compatibility with the polyester matrix, easily leading to agglomeration, low charge adsorption and dissipation efficiency, and poor antistatic effects. Furthermore, the fillers used are often ordinary carbon powder or metal powder, which easily detach or become less dispersed after repeated washing and friction, causing a rapid decline in antistatic performance. Therefore, this invention provides an antistatic fabric and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antistatic fabric and its preparation method. The antistatic fabric prepared by this invention not only has good antistatic properties, but also good durability, effectively improving the performance of the antistatic fabric.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0006] In the first aspect, an antistatic fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts polyethylene terephthalate chips, 10-15 parts composite additives, 6-12 parts functional auxiliaries, 2-4 parts calcium stearate, 1-2 parts epoxidized soybean oil and 0.5-1.5 parts antioxidant 1010;
[0007] The raw materials for the composite additive include fiber powder, halloysite nanotubes, and dopamine hydrochloride solution;
[0008] The raw materials for the functional additives include bamboo charcoal powder and lanthanum chloride and cerium chloride;
[0009] The halloysite nanotubes need to be activated before use.
[0010] Further, the composite additive is prepared by the following method: fiber powder and halloysite nanotubes are placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 5:(2-3) and stirred at 800-1000 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a first mixture. A dopamine hydrochloride solution with a mass concentration of 2.0-3.5% is added to the first mixture, and stirring is continued for 10-15 min. The mixture is then dried at 60-70℃ for 4-6 h, pulverized, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the composite additive. The mass of the dopamine hydrochloride solution is 20-30% of the mass of the fiber powder.
[0011] Further, the fiber powder is prepared by the following method: Coconut shells are dried and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain coconut shell powder. The coconut shell powder is placed in a reaction vessel, and a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 3-5% is added. The mixture is stirred at 90-95℃ and 300-400 rpm for 2-3 hours. After filtration, the filter cake is washed with deionized water until neutral. The washed filter cake is transferred back to the reaction vessel, and Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution is added. The mixture is allowed to stand at 28-32℃ for 5-7 days to obtain a bacterial cellulose membrane. After filtration, the filtrate is discarded. The bacterial cellulose membrane is transferred to a freeze dryer and freeze-dried at -30℃ for 12-18 hours. After pulverization through a 300-mesh sieve, the fiber powder is obtained. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 4-6 times the mass of the coconut shell powder, and the mass of the Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution is 2-3 times the mass of the filter cake.
[0012] Further, the Acetobacter xylophilus bacterial solution is prepared by the following method: Acetobacter xylophilus strain is inoculated into glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 0.5-1%, and cultured at 28-32℃ with shaking at a speed of 150-200 rpm for 24-48 hours to obtain a culture medium. The culture medium is then transferred to glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 5-10%, and cultured under the same conditions with shaking for another 48-72 hours to obtain the Acetobacter xylophilus bacterial solution.
[0013] Furthermore, the halloysite nanotubes need to be activated before use, including the following steps: placing the halloysite nanotubes in a tube furnace, heating them to 400-450°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min under nitrogen protection, holding them at that temperature for 2-3 hours, cooling them to room temperature, and then removing them to obtain the activated halloysite nanotubes.
[0014] Further, the functional additive is prepared by the following method: bamboo charcoal powder and lanthanum cerium chloride are placed in a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 10:(2.5-3.5) to obtain a second mixture. Deionized water with a mass of 6-9 times that of the second mixture is added, and the mixture is stirred at 300-500 rpm at 50-60℃ for 30-40 min to obtain a mixed solution. Sodium hydroxide solution is added to adjust the pH to 8.0-8.5, and stirring is continued for 1-2 h. The mixture is then centrifuged at 4000-5000 rpm for 10-15 min, and the precipitate is collected. The precipitate is washed 2-3 times with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 50-60℃ for 8-10 h, and pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the functional additive. The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-10%.
[0015] Furthermore, the bamboo charcoal powder needs to be pretreated before use, including the following steps: placing the bamboo charcoal powder in a reaction vessel, adding 10-15 times the mass of the bamboo charcoal powder in deionized water, stirring at 300-500 rpm for 8-12 minutes at 40-50℃ to obtain a dispersion, adding sodium chloroacetate to the dispersion, reacting at 60-70℃ for 3-4 hours to obtain a reaction solution, cooling to room temperature, adding anhydrous ethanol, letting stand for 2-3 hours, filtering, collecting the precipitate, washing the precipitate 2-3 times with anhydrous ethanol, drying at 40-50℃ for 6-8 hours, pulverizing through a 200-mesh sieve, and obtaining pretreated bamboo charcoal powder, wherein the mass of sodium chloroacetate is 40-60% of the mass of the bamboo charcoal powder, and the mass of anhydrous ethanol is 2-3 times the volume of the reaction solution.
[0016] Furthermore, the glucose-yeast extract liquid culture medium comprises, by mass percentage: 2-3% glucose, 0.5-1.0% yeast extract, 0.3-0.5% peptone, and the remainder being deionized water.
[0017] Furthermore, the mass ratio of lanthanum to cerium in the lanthanum chloride is (4-6):1.
[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antistatic fabric, comprising the following steps:
[0019] Step 1: Dry polyethylene terephthalate chips at 90-100℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain a dried base material. Place the dried base material, composite additives, functional auxiliaries, calcium stearate, epoxidized soybean oil, and antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer and stir at 1000-1200 rpm for 15-20 minutes to obtain a premix.
[0020] Step 2: Transfer the premixed material into a twin-screw extruder, melt-blend and extrude at 250-270℃, granulate, and obtain spinning masterbatch;
[0021] Step 3: Dry the spinning masterbatch at 90-100℃ for 6-8 hours, and then spin it using melt spinning process at a spinning temperature of 270-285℃ and a spinning speed of 800-1000m / min to obtain nascent fibers.
[0022] Step 4: Place the nascent fibers in a stretching machine for stretching, with a stretch ratio of 3.5-4.5 times and a heat setting temperature of 130-140℃ to obtain polyester fibers. Weave the polyester fibers into fabric through a weaving process to obtain an antistatic fabric.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0024] 1. In this invention, a conductive network is constructed by combining fiber powder with composite additives and activated halloysite nanotubes. The fiber powder achieves charge adsorption by relying on the porous structure of bacterial cellulose, and the activated halloysite nanotubes complete the rapid charge conduction through nanoscale channels. Combined with the binding and coating effect of dopamine hydrochloride, it not only avoids filler agglomeration but also improves compatibility with the polyester matrix. The modified composite additives are dispersed in the fabric matrix to achieve efficient charge dissipation, inhibit the accumulation of static charge, and fundamentally improve the antistatic properties of the fabric.
[0025] 2. In this invention, a synergistic electrostatic conductive system is formed by pre-treating bamboo charcoal powder with functional additives and composite lanthanum and cerium chloride. After modification with sodium chloroacetate, the surface of the pre-treated bamboo charcoal powder is grafted with hydrophilic groups, which improves the conductivity and enhances the bonding force with the polyester matrix. The composite lanthanum and cerium chloride accelerates charge transfer by relying on the electronic conduction characteristics of lanthanum and cerium ions. After the two are compounded in proportion, they are interwoven in the fabric to form a continuous conductive path, which further reduces the surface resistivity of the fabric. At the same time, the porous structure of bamboo charcoal powder and the stable characteristics of rare earth ions combine to make the antistatic performance of the fabric both durable and stable, thereby improving the practical performance and service life of the fabric.
[0026] 3. In this invention, the composite additive and functional auxiliaries form a synergistic electrostatic conductive structure. The charge adsorption and conduction network constructed by the composite additive provides a conductive framework for the rapid charge transfer of the functional auxiliaries. The functional auxiliaries, through the interfacial enhancement effect of hydrophilic modified bamboo charcoal powder and the electron acceleration characteristics of lanthanum and cerium chloride, compensate for the shortcomings of the charge migration rate of the composite additive. The two intertwine and complement each other, forming a continuous and stable conductive path in the polyester matrix. This not only achieves rapid adsorption and dissipation of electrostatic charges, but also enhances the structural stability of the conductive network by relying on the strong compatibility between the two components and the matrix. This effectively reduces the surface resistivity of the fabric while significantly improving the wash resistance and long-lasting effect of the antistatic properties. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of an antistatic fabric and its preparation method. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] It should be noted that the raw materials used in the following embodiments are all commercially available.
[0030] Example 1:
[0031] Preparation of Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture: Acetobacter xylinum inoculum was inoculated into glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 0.5%, and cultured at 28℃ with shaking at 150 rpm for 24 h to obtain the culture medium. The culture medium was then transferred to glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, and cultured under the same conditions with shaking for another 48 h to obtain Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture.
[0032] The glucose-yeast extract liquid culture medium comprises, by mass percentage: 2% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.3% peptone, and the remainder is deionized water.
[0033] Preparation of fiber powder: Coconut shells were dried and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain coconut shell powder. The coconut shell powder was placed in a reaction vessel, and a 3% (w / w) sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 2 hours at 90°C. After filtration, the filter cake was washed with deionized water until neutral. The washed filter cake was transferred back to the reaction vessel, and Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution was added. The mixture was allowed to stand at 28°C for 5 days to obtain a bacterial cellulose membrane. After filtration, the filtrate was discarded, and the bacterial cellulose membrane was transferred to a freeze dryer and freeze-dried at -30°C for 12 hours. The membrane was then pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain fiber powder. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution was 4 times the mass of the coconut shell powder, and the mass of the Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution was 2 times the mass of the filter cake.
[0034] Activation treatment of halloysite nanotubes: Halloysite nanotubes were placed in a tube furnace and heated to 400°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min under nitrogen protection, held at that temperature for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, and then removed to obtain activated halloysite nanotubes.
[0035] Preparation of composite additive: Fiber powder and halloysite nanotubes were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 5:2 and stirred at 800 rpm for 20 min to obtain a first mixture. A dopamine hydrochloride solution with a mass concentration of 2.0% was added to the first mixture, and stirring was continued for 10 min. The mixture was then dried at 60℃ for 4 h and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the composite additive. The mass of the dopamine hydrochloride solution was 20% of the mass of the fiber powder.
[0036] Pretreatment of bamboo charcoal powder: Bamboo charcoal powder was placed in a reaction vessel, and deionized water with a mass of 10 times that of bamboo charcoal powder was added. The mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 8 minutes at 40°C to obtain a dispersion. Sodium chloroacetate was added to the dispersion, and the mixture was reacted at 60°C for 3 hours to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, anhydrous ethanol was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 2 hours. The mixture was filtered, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 40°C for 6 hours, and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bamboo charcoal powder. The mass of sodium chloroacetate was 40% of the mass of bamboo charcoal powder, and the mass of anhydrous ethanol was twice the volume of the reaction solution.
[0037] Preparation of functional additives: Bamboo charcoal powder and lanthanum cerium chloride were placed in a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 10:2.5 to obtain a second mixture. Deionized water with a mass of 6 times that of the second mixture was added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 30 min at 50 °C to obtain a mixed solution. Sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the pH to 8.0, and stirring was continued for 1 h. The mixture was then centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 50 °C for 8 h, and pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the functional additives. The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution was 5%.
[0038] The mass ratio of lanthanum to cerium in the lanthanum chloride is 4:1.
[0039] Raw material preparation: 60 parts polyethylene terephthalate chips, 10 parts compound additives, 6 parts functional additives, 2 parts calcium stearate, 1 part epoxidized soybean oil and 0.5 parts antioxidant 1010.
[0040] Preparation of antistatic fabrics:
[0041] Step 1: Dry polyethylene terephthalate chips at 90°C for 4 hours to obtain dried base material. Place the dried base material, composite additives, functional auxiliaries, calcium stearate, epoxidized soybean oil, and antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer and stir at 1000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain premix.
[0042] Step 2: Transfer the premixed material into a twin-screw extruder, melt-blend and extrude at 250°C, granulate, and obtain spinning masterbatch;
[0043] Step 3: Dry the spinning masterbatch at 90℃ for 6 hours, and then spin it using melt spinning process at a spinning temperature of 270℃ and a spinning speed of 800m / min to obtain nascent fibers.
[0044] Step 4: Place the nascent fibers in a stretching machine for stretching, with a stretch ratio of 3.5 times and a heat setting temperature of 130℃ to obtain polyester fibers. Weave the polyester fibers into fabric through a weaving process to obtain an antistatic fabric.
[0045] Example 2:
[0046] Preparation of Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture: Acetobacter xylinum strain was inoculated into glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 0.8%, and cultured at 30℃ and a shaking speed of 180 rpm for 36 h to obtain the culture medium. The culture medium was then transferred to glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 8%, and cultured under the same conditions for another 60 h to obtain Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture.
[0047] The glucose-yeast extract liquid culture medium comprises, by mass percentage: 2.5% glucose, 0.8% yeast extract, 0.4% peptone, and the remainder being deionized water.
[0048] Preparation of fiber powder: Coconut shells were dried and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain coconut shell powder. The coconut shell powder was placed in a reaction vessel, and a 4% (w / w) sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred at 350 rpm for 2.5 h at 92 °C. After filtration, the filter cake was washed with deionized water until neutral. The washed filter cake was transferred back to the reaction vessel, and Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution was added. The mixture was allowed to stand at 30 °C for 6 days to obtain a bacterial cellulose membrane. After filtration, the filtrate was discarded, and the bacterial cellulose membrane was transferred to a freeze dryer and freeze-dried at -30 °C for 16 h. The membrane was then pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain fiber powder. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution was 5 times the mass of the coconut shell powder, and the mass of the Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution was 2.5 times the mass of the filter cake.
[0049] Activation treatment of halloysite nanotubes: Halloysite nanotubes were placed in a tube furnace and heated to 420°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min under nitrogen protection, held at that temperature for 2.5 h, cooled to room temperature, and then removed to obtain activated halloysite nanotubes.
[0050] Preparation of composite additive: Fiber powder and halloysite nanotubes were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 5:2.5 and stirred at 900 rpm for 25 min to obtain a first mixture. A 3% dopamine hydrochloride solution was added to the first mixture, and stirring was continued for 12 min. The mixture was then dried at 65℃ for 5 h and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the composite additive. The mass of the dopamine hydrochloride solution was 25% of the mass of the fiber powder.
[0051] Pretreatment of bamboo charcoal powder: Bamboo charcoal powder was placed in a reaction vessel, and deionized water with a mass of 12 times that of bamboo charcoal powder was added. The mixture was stirred at 400 rpm for 10 min at 45°C to obtain a dispersion. Sodium chloroacetate was added to the dispersion, and the mixture was reacted at 65°C for 3.5 h to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, anhydrous ethanol was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 2.5 h. The mixture was then filtered, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 45°C for 7 h, and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bamboo charcoal powder. The mass of sodium chloroacetate was 50% of the mass of bamboo charcoal powder, and the mass of anhydrous ethanol was 2.5 times the volume of the reaction solution.
[0052] Preparation of functional additives: Bamboo charcoal powder and lanthanum cerium chloride were placed in a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 10:3 to obtain a second mixture. Deionized water with a mass of 7 times that of the second mixture was added, and the mixture was stirred at 55°C and 400 rpm for 35 min to obtain a mixed solution. Sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the pH to 8.2, and stirring was continued for 1.5 h. The mixture was then centrifuged at 4500 rpm for 12 min, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 55°C for 9 h, and pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the functional additives. The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution was 8%.
[0053] The mass ratio of lanthanum to cerium in the lanthanum chloride is 5:1.
[0054] Raw material preparation: 70 parts polyethylene terephthalate chips, 12 parts compound additives, 8 parts functional additives, 3 parts calcium stearate, 1.5 parts epoxidized soybean oil and 1 part antioxidant 1010.
[0055] Preparation of antistatic fabrics:
[0056] Step 1: Dry polyethylene terephthalate chips at 95°C for 5 hours to obtain dried base material. Place the dried base material, composite additives, functional auxiliaries, calcium stearate, epoxidized soybean oil, and antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer and stir at 1100 rpm for 18 minutes to obtain premix.
[0057] Step 2: Transfer the premixed material into a twin-screw extruder, melt-blend and extrude at 260°C, granulate, and obtain spinning masterbatch;
[0058] Step 3: Dry the spinning masterbatch at 95℃ for 7 hours, and then spin it using melt spinning process at a spinning temperature of 275℃ and a spinning speed of 900m / min to obtain nascent fibers.
[0059] Step 4: Place the nascent fibers in a stretching machine for stretching, with a stretch ratio of 4 times and a heat setting temperature of 135℃ to obtain polyester fibers. Weave the polyester fibers into fabric through a weaving process to obtain an antistatic fabric.
[0060] Example 3:
[0061] Preparation of Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture: 1% of Acetobacter xylinum strain was inoculated into glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium and cultured at 32℃ with shaking at 200 rpm for 48 h to obtain the culture medium. The culture medium was then transferred to glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at 10% of the inoculation amount and cultured under the same conditions for another 72 h with shaking to obtain Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture.
[0062] The glucose-yeast extract liquid culture medium comprises, by mass percentage: 3% glucose, 1.0% yeast extract, 0.5% peptone, and the remainder being deionized water.
[0063] Preparation of fiber powder: Coconut shells were dried and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain coconut shell powder. The coconut shell powder was placed in a reaction vessel, and a 5% (w / w) sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred at 400 rpm for 3 hours at 95°C. After filtration, the filter cake was washed with deionized water until neutral. The washed filter cake was transferred back to the reaction vessel, and Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution was added. The mixture was allowed to stand at 32°C for 7 days to obtain a bacterial cellulose membrane. After filtration, the filtrate was discarded, and the bacterial cellulose membrane was transferred to a freeze dryer and freeze-dried at -30°C for 18 hours. The membrane was then pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain fiber powder. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution was 6 times the mass of the coconut shell powder, and the mass of the Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution was 3 times the mass of the filter cake.
[0064] Activation treatment of halloysite nanotubes: Halloysite nanotubes were placed in a tube furnace and heated to 450°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min under nitrogen protection, held at that temperature for 3 hours, cooled to room temperature, and then removed to obtain activated halloysite nanotubes.
[0065] Preparation of composite additive: Fiber powder and halloysite nanotubes were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 5:3 and stirred at 1000 rpm for 30 min to obtain a first mixture. A 3.5% dopamine hydrochloride solution was added to the first mixture, and stirring was continued for 15 min. The mixture was then dried at 70℃ for 6 h and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the composite additive. The mass of the dopamine hydrochloride solution was 30% of the mass of the fiber powder.
[0066] Pretreatment of bamboo charcoal powder: Bamboo charcoal powder was placed in a reaction vessel, and deionized water with a mass of 15 times that of bamboo charcoal powder was added. The mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 12 minutes at 50°C to obtain a dispersion. Sodium chloroacetate was added to the dispersion, and the mixture was reacted at 70°C for 4 hours to obtain a reaction solution. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, anhydrous ethanol was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 3 hours. The mixture was filtered, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 50°C for 8 hours, and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bamboo charcoal powder. The mass of sodium chloroacetate was 60% of the mass of bamboo charcoal powder, and the mass of anhydrous ethanol was 3 times the volume of the reaction solution.
[0067] Preparation of functional additives: Bamboo charcoal powder and lanthanum cerium chloride were placed in a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 10:3.5 to obtain a second mixture. Deionized water with a mass of 9 times that of the second mixture was added, and the mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 40 min at 60 °C to obtain a mixed solution. Sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the pH to 8.5, and stirring was continued for 2 h. The mixture was then centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 15 min, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 60 °C for 10 h, and pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the functional additives. The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution was 10%.
[0068] The mass ratio of lanthanum to cerium in the lanthanum chloride is 6:1.
[0069] Raw material preparation: 80 parts polyethylene terephthalate chips, 15 parts compound additives, 12 parts functional additives, 4 parts calcium stearate, 2 parts epoxidized soybean oil and 1.5 parts antioxidant 1010.
[0070] Preparation of antistatic fabrics:
[0071] Step 1: Dry polyethylene terephthalate chips at 100℃ for 6 hours to obtain dried base material. Place the dried base material, composite additives, functional additives, calcium stearate, epoxidized soybean oil, and antioxidant 1010 in a high-speed mixer and stir at 1200 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain premix.
[0072] Step 2: Transfer the premixed material into a twin-screw extruder, melt-blend and extrude at 270°C, granulate, and obtain spinning masterbatch;
[0073] Step 3: Dry the spinning masterbatch at 100℃ for 8 hours, and then spin it using melt spinning process at a spinning temperature of 285℃ and a spinning speed of 1000m / min to obtain nascent fibers.
[0074] Step 4: Place the nascent fibers in a stretching machine for stretching, with a stretch ratio of 4.5 times and a heat setting temperature of 140℃ to obtain polyester fibers. Weave the polyester fibers into fabric through a weaving process to obtain an antistatic fabric.
[0075] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain any compound additives.
[0076] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain functional additives.
[0077] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain composite additives or functional auxiliaries, and uses an equal amount of commercially available conventional conductive filler carbon black.
[0078] Performance testing: The antistatic fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to performance tests, and the test data are recorded in the table below:
[0079] Table 1
[0080] Testing items Surface resistivity (Ω) Electrostatic half-life (s) Resistivity retention rate after 50 water washes (%) Fracture strength (N) Example 1 <![CDATA[5.2×10 7 ]]> 1.2 95.2 872 Example 2 <![CDATA[3.8×10 7 ]]> 0.9 96.8 872 Example 3 <![CDATA[2.5×10 7 ]]> 0.7 96.3 871 Comparative Example 1 <![CDATA[8.6×10 9 ]]> 8.5 45.6 809 Comparative Example 2 <![CDATA[4.9×10 8 ]]> 4.8 63.2 823 Comparative Example 3 <![CDATA[3.7×10 10 ]]> 18.6 28.4 765
[0081] In performance testing, the surface resistivity is measured according to GB / T 12703.4-2010 to evaluate the charge leakage ability of the fabric surface. The lower the resistivity, the better the conductivity of the fabric and the easier it is for static electricity to dissipate. The static half-life is measured according to GB / T 12703.1-2021 to evaluate the time required for the voltage to decay to half after a high voltage static charge is applied to the fabric. The shorter the half-life, the faster the static electricity dissipates and the more effective the antistatic performance. The resistivity retention rate after 50 washes is measured according to GB / T 8629-2017. After the fabric is subjected to a specified number of standard washes, its surface resistivity is tested according to GB / T 12703.4-2010, and the ratio to the initial resistivity is calculated, i.e., the resistivity retention rate. This index is used to evaluate the durability and stability of the fabric's antistatic function. The breaking strength is measured according to GB / T 3923.1-2013.
[0082] The data obtained from the performance tests show that the surface resistivity and electrostatic half-life of the antistatic fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 are significantly better than those in Comparative Examples 1-3. Furthermore, the resistivity retention rate after 50 standard washes is also much higher than that of the comparative examples. This indicates that the composite additive constructed in this invention forms a uniform and stable conductive network in the polyester matrix through the synergistic effect of fiber powder and activated halloysite nanotubes. The fiber powder effectively adsorbs free charges based on the porous structure of bacterial cellulose, while the activated halloysite nanotubes rapidly conduct charges through their nanoscale tubular channels. Combined with the binding and coating effect of dopamine hydrochloride, this avoids the conductive filler from... The aggregation in the matrix further enhances the interfacial compatibility with polyester polymer materials. At the same time, the pretreated bamboo charcoal powder modified with sodium chloroacetate in the functional additives introduces hydrophilic groups, which not only enhances the moisture absorption and conductivity of the bamboo charcoal powder itself, but also forms a strong bond between it and the molecular chains of the polyester matrix. The electronic conduction characteristics of lanthanum and cerium rare earth elements in the composite lanthanum and cerium chloride accelerate the migration rate of charge between the bamboo charcoal powder and the matrix, forming a synergistic electrostatic conductive system with the pretreated bamboo charcoal powder. Through multi-scale interface enhancement and optimization of charge conduction paths, the common problems of easy shedding of conductive fillers, unstable conductive networks, and poor water resistance of traditional antistatic fabrics are solved.
[0083] Comparative Example 1 lacks composite additives, and its conductive network is constructed independently by functional additives. However, due to the lack of a basic charge adsorption and conduction framework formed by fiber powder and activated halloysite nanotubes, the polyester matrix lacks an effective stress dispersion and transfer medium. When subjected to external tensile or tearing loads, stress tends to concentrate in local areas, leading to premature matrix failure. Therefore, the breaking strength is lower than that of the Example. The conductive path formed by the functional additives cannot be effectively supported and extended, resulting in structural defects in the conductive network. The conduction of charge inside the fabric is hindered, thus significantly increasing the surface resistivity and prolonging the electrostatic half-life.
[0084] Comparative Example 2, lacking functional additives, relies entirely on the conductive network constructed by the composite additives for its antistatic properties. However, in terms of mechanical properties, the fabric's breaking strength is slightly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 due to the presence of the composite additives. Although the fiber powder and activated halloysite nanotubes form a basic charge adsorption and conduction structure, which can achieve a certain degree of static dissipation, the charge migration efficiency of the conductive network is limited due to the lack of the hydrophilic and conductive properties of pretreated bamboo charcoal powder and the electron conduction acceleration effect of composite lanthanum and cerium chloride. This prevents further reduction of the fabric's surface resistivity. More importantly, the lack of the stabilizing effect of rare earth ions in the functional additives and the strong bonding force between bamboo charcoal powder and the matrix results in insufficient long-term stability of the conductive network. During the washing process, due to the lack of synergistic protection from the functional additives at the interface between the composite additives and the matrix, some conductive structures are damaged, leading to a lower resistivity retention rate than in the example.
[0085] Comparative Example 3 used commercially available conventional conductive fillers to replace the composite additives and functional auxiliaries prepared in this invention. Its test data were significantly inferior to those of the examples in all aspects. Commercially available conventional conductive fillers, such as conductive carbon black, mainly rely on the physical contact between particles to form a conductive path when conducting electricity. However, when this simple physical blending system is compounded with the polyester matrix, it is very easy to agglomerate due to the difference in surface properties between the two, resulting in uneven distribution of the conductive network. Some areas are still insulators, so the surface resistivity is high and the electrostatic half-life is long. In addition, conventional fillers lack strong bonding force with the polyester matrix and rely only on weak physical adsorption. When subjected to mechanical shearing forces from repeated washing, the filler particles are very easy to fall off from the fiber surface or inside, resulting in the destruction of the conductive network, a sharp increase in resistivity, and extremely low retention rate.
[0086] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in the table, it can be seen that the antistatic fabric prepared by this invention not only has good antistatic properties but also good durability. This indicates that the antistatic fabric provided by this invention has a broader market prospect and is more suitable for widespread application.
[0087] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0088] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims
1. An antistatic fabric, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 60-80 parts polyethylene terephthalate chips, 10-15 parts compound additives, 6-12 parts functional additives, 2-4 parts calcium stearate, 1-2 parts epoxidized soybean oil and 0.5-1.5 parts antioxidant 1010; The raw materials for the composite additive include fiber powder, halloysite nanotubes, and dopamine hydrochloride solution; The raw materials for the functional additives include bamboo charcoal powder and lanthanum chloride and cerium chloride; The halloysite nanotubes need to be activated before use.
2. The antistatic fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite additive is prepared by the following method: fiber powder and halloysite nanotubes are placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 5:(2-3) and stirred at 800-1000 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a first mixture. A dopamine hydrochloride solution with a mass concentration of 2.0-3.5% is added to the first mixture, and stirring is continued for 10-15 min. The mixture is then dried at 60-70℃ for 4-6 h and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the composite additive. The mass of the dopamine hydrochloride solution is 20-30% of the mass of the fiber powder.
3. The antistatic fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fiber powder is prepared by the following method: Coconut shells are dried and pulverized through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain coconut shell powder. The coconut shell powder is placed in a reaction vessel, and a 3-5% (w / w) sodium hydroxide solution is added. The mixture is stirred at 300-400 rpm for 2-3 hours at 90-95℃. After filtration, the filter cake is washed with deionized water until neutral. The washed filter cake is transferred back to the reaction vessel, and Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution is added. The mixture is allowed to stand at 28-32℃ for 5-7 days to obtain a bacterial cellulose membrane. After filtration, the filtrate is discarded. The bacterial cellulose membrane is transferred to a freeze dryer and freeze-dried at -30℃ for 12-18 hours. The mixture is then pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the fiber powder. The mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 4-6 times the mass of the coconut shell powder, and the mass of the Acetobacter xylinum bacterial solution is 2-3 times the mass of the filter cake.
4. The antistatic fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture was prepared by the following method: 0.5-1% of Acetobacter xylinum inoculum was inoculated into glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium and cultured at 28-32℃ with shaking at 150-200 rpm for 24-48 hours to obtain a culture solution. The culture solution was then transferred to glucose yeast extract liquid culture medium at an inoculation rate of 5-10% and cultured under the same conditions with shaking for another 48-72 hours to obtain the Acetobacter xylinum bacterial culture.
5. The antistatic fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, The halloysite nanotubes need to be activated before use, including the following steps: placing the halloysite nanotubes in a tube furnace, heating them to 400-450℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min under nitrogen protection, holding them at that temperature for 2-3 hours, cooling them to room temperature, and then removing them to obtain the activated halloysite nanotubes.
6. The antistatic fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional additive is prepared by the following method: bamboo charcoal powder and lanthanum cerium chloride are placed in a reaction vessel at a mass ratio of 10:(2.5-3.5) to obtain a second mixture. Deionized water with a mass of 6-9 times that of the second mixture is added, and the mixture is stirred at 300-500 rpm for 30-40 min at 50-60℃ to obtain a mixed solution. Sodium hydroxide solution is added to adjust the pH to 8.0-8.5, and stirring is continued for 1-2 h. The mixture is then centrifuged at 4000-5000 rpm for 10-15 min, and the precipitate is collected. The precipitate is washed 2-3 times with anhydrous ethanol, dried at 50-60℃ for 8-10 h, and pulverized through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the functional additive. The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-10%.
7. The antistatic fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bamboo charcoal powder needs to be pretreated before use, including the following steps: placing the bamboo charcoal powder in a reaction vessel, adding 10-15 times the mass of the bamboo charcoal powder in deionized water, stirring at 300-500 rpm for 8-12 minutes at 40-50℃ to obtain a dispersion, adding sodium chloroacetate to the dispersion, reacting at 60-70℃ for 3-4 hours to obtain a reaction solution, cooling to room temperature, adding anhydrous ethanol, letting stand for 2-3 hours, filtering, collecting the precipitate, washing the precipitate 2-3 times with anhydrous ethanol, drying at 40-50℃ for 6-8 hours, pulverizing and passing through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bamboo charcoal powder, wherein the mass of sodium chloroacetate is 40-60% of the mass of the bamboo charcoal powder, and the mass of anhydrous ethanol is 2-3 times the volume of the reaction solution.
8. The antistatic fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that, The glucose-yeast extract liquid culture medium comprises, by mass percentage: 2-3% glucose, 0.5-1.0% yeast extract, 0.3-0.5% peptone, and the remainder is deionized water.
9. The antistatic fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mass ratio of lanthanum to cerium in the lanthanum chloride is (4-6):
1.
10. The method for preparing the antistatic fabric according to claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Dry polyethylene terephthalate chips at 90-100℃ for 4-6 hours to obtain a dried base material. Place the dried base material, composite additives, functional auxiliaries, calcium stearate, epoxidized soybean oil, and antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer and stir at 1000-1200 rpm for 15-20 minutes to obtain a premix. Step 2: Transfer the premixed material into a twin-screw extruder, melt-blend and extrude at 250-270℃, granulate, and obtain spinning masterbatch; Step 3: Dry the spinning masterbatch at 90-100℃ for 6-8 hours, and then spin it using melt spinning process at a spinning temperature of 270-285℃ and a spinning speed of 800-1000m / min to obtain nascent fibers. Step 4: Place the nascent fibers in a stretching machine for stretching, with a stretch ratio of 3.5-4.5 times and a heat setting temperature of 130-140℃ to obtain polyester fibers. Weave the polyester fibers into fabric through a weaving process to obtain an antistatic fabric.