Prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a prefabricated tunnel shield energy duct piece and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of prefabricated tunnel shield, the prefabricated tunnel shield energy duct piece comprises a duct piece body arranged around a tunnel and an energy heat exchange pipeline system, one end of the duct piece body is provided with a heat pump system, and a plurality of duct piece reinforcement cages are arranged in the duct piece body in an array mode; the energy heat exchange pipeline system comprises a plurality of pipe piece joints, the pipe piece joints of the pipe piece body are further provided with joint hand holes, the energy heat exchange pipeline system comprises a plurality of heat exchange pipelines, the pipe piece body is internally provided with a plurality of connecting grooves used for mutual connection of the heat exchange pipelines, and connecting pipes are arranged in the connecting grooves. The application range of the ground source heat pump system is widened, and the influence of traditional air conditioning equipment on the surrounding environment is avoided. By means of the prefabricated shield segment construction mode, application of the efficient and stable renewable energy technology is promoted. The resistance of a buried pipe system is reduced, and the energy consumption of a circulating water system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precast tunnel shield technology, specifically to a precast tunnel shield energy segment and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the strong "dual carbon" goals, ground source heat pumps, as a highly efficient and stable renewable energy technology, are ushering in unprecedented development opportunities. Traditional ground source heat pumps require well drilling and underground pipe networks, resulting in high initial installation costs, land occupation issues, and complex maintenance. Traditional buried pipes using PE or PB materials have a lifespan of 30-50 years, low thermal conductivity, and low pressure resistance. Furthermore, the resistance loss of stainless steel pipes of the same size is approximately 70%-85% of that of PE or PB pipes. These issues are the main reasons restricting and affecting the promotion and application of traditional ground source heat pump systems. Traditional building air conditioning and heating systems require outdoor installation of cooling towers, air-cooled units, and multi-split outdoor units. This occupies a large outdoor area, affecting the landscape. Additionally, the vibration and noise generated by the outdoor equipment during operation impact nearby residents. Furthermore, cooling tower equipment is prone to generating water droplets and mist during operation, and the humid environment easily breeds bacteria and mold, especially Legionella, which can be spread through the water droplets and mist, posing a potential risk. Shield tunnel construction is widely used in subway, national railway, highway and other fields. Precast shield segments combined with shield tunnel construction can greatly improve the construction progress.

[0003] The existing technology has the following problems: (1) Traditional ground source heat pumps require drilling wells and laying underground pipe networks, resulting in high initial installation costs and land occupation issues.

[0004] (2) Traditional ground source heat pump heat exchange pipelines are complicated to maintain. The service life of buried pipes using PE and PB pipes is 30 to 50 years. The thermal conductivity of the pipes is low and the pressure bearing capacity is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment and its usage method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solution: A prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment includes a segment body and an energy heat exchange pipeline system arranged around the tunnel. A heat pump system is installed at one end of the segment body. Multiple segment reinforcement cages are arrayed inside the segment body. Joint manholes are also provided at the joints of the segments. The energy heat exchange pipeline system includes multiple heat exchange pipes. Multiple connecting grooves for interconnecting the heat exchange pipes are opened inside the segment body. Connecting pipes are installed in the connecting grooves. Each heat exchange pipe has a connecting joint at both ends. Each connecting pipe is connected to a corresponding connecting joint at both ends, so that the heat exchange pipes can form a heat exchange network around the tunnel. One end of one heat exchange pipe is connected to a main water supply pipe, and one end of another heat exchange pipe adjacent to it is connected to a main return water pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the segment body is a reinforced concrete segment.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat exchange pipes are made of stainless steel.

[0009] Furthermore, the connector between the main water supply pipe and the heat exchange pipe is located in the connecting trench, and the connector between the main return water pipe and the heat exchange pipe is located in the connecting trench. The trench is also equipped with a valve, a flushing port, and a pressure gauge.

[0010] Furthermore, the main water supply pipe, the main return water pipe, and the heat exchange pipe adopt a parallel water supply and return pipeline or a reverse water supply and return pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, a method for using prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments includes the following steps: S1: The precast tunnel segment body is integrated with the energy system. Reinforced concrete tunnel segments are precast according to the design drawings, with internal arrays of steel reinforcement cages to enhance structural strength. Manholes are pre-drilled at the joints for subsequent bolt connections. Connecting grooves are created inside the tunnel segment body, embedding stainless steel heat exchange pipes and installing connecting joints. Adjacent heat exchange pipes are connected via connecting pipes to form a continuous energy heat exchange pipeline system. Supply and return water main interfaces are pre-embedded in the connecting grooves, along with valves, flushing ports, pressure gauges, and other piping fittings. The interface locations avoid weak points in the structure, such as the main reinforcement bars of the tunnel segment's steel cage and the manholes at the joints.

[0012] S2: Shield tunneling segment assembly. During shield machine advancement, the assembly accuracy is controlled by a reference ring positioning system to ensure alignment of the manholes at the joints of adjacent segments. High-strength bolts are used to connect adjacent segments through these manholes. Simultaneously, the energy heat exchange pipeline system is connected during assembly: the main water supply pipe connects to the initial heat exchange pipeline, and the main return water pipe connects to the final heat exchange pipeline, forming a closed loop. Depending on the tunnel length and load distribution, either a parallel or reverse flow water supply and return pipeline system is selected. Long tunnels with a distance of 1 km or more use a parallel flow design to achieve automatic flow balance, while short tunnels with a distance of less than 1 km use a reverse flow design and dynamically adjust the flow using a balancing valve.

[0013] S3: System operation and intelligent monitoring. The main water supply pump unit is started, and the water supply pressure is monitored via pressure gauges. A check valve is installed on the return water main to prevent backflow, and the end drain valve is periodically opened to flush out sediment from the pipes. Integrated intelligent control system: Pressure sensors are installed at the inlet of the main water supply pipe, the front end of the equipment, and high / low points in the pipe network to collect pressure data in real time and upload it to the central control platform; the flow rate of each branch of the variable-return system is automatically adjusted through dynamic differential pressure valves; and the sealing of manholes at joints is checked periodically.

[0014] S4: Maintenance, inspection, and durability assurance. A comprehensive system inspection is conducted quarterly: endoscopes are used to check for corrosion in the heat exchange pipes within the connection trenches, and ultrasonic testing is used to measure the thickness of the protective layer of the steel reinforcement cage on the pipe segments. An annual energy efficiency assessment is conducted, using thermal imaging to detect the surface temperature distribution of the pipe segments and optimizing operating parameters for both parallel and parallel systems.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention expands the application range of ground source heat pump systems and avoids the impact of traditional air conditioning equipment on the surrounding environment.

[0016] 2. This invention utilizes the prefabricated shield tunnel segment construction method to promote the application of efficient and stable renewable energy technologies.

[0017] 3. This invention reduces the resistance of the buried pipe system and the energy consumption of the circulating water system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 The structural diagram of the prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment provided by the present invention; Figure 2A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a tunnel after the installation of prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a ground source heat pump system for prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments provided by the present invention.

[0020] The labels in the diagram represent the following: 1. Segment body; 2. Segment reinforcement cage; 3. Joint manhole; 4. Connecting trench; 5. Heat exchange pipe; 6. Connecting joint; 7. Connecting pipe; 8. Water supply main pipe; 9. Water return main pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment, including a segment body 1 arranged around the tunnel and an energy heat exchange pipeline system. A heat pump system is provided at one end of the segment body 1. Multiple segment reinforcement cages 2 are arranged in an array inside the segment body 1. Joint manholes 3 are also provided at the joints of the segments of the segment body 1. The energy heat exchange pipeline system includes multiple heat exchange pipes 5. Multiple connecting grooves 4 for connecting the heat exchange pipes 5 to each other are opened inside the segment body 1. Connecting pipes 7 are arranged in the connecting grooves 4. Each heat exchange pipe 5 has a connecting joint 6 at both ends. Each connecting pipe 7 is connected to the corresponding connecting joint 6 at both ends, so that the heat exchange pipes 5 can form a heat exchange network around the tunnel. One end of one heat exchange pipe 5 is connected to a water supply main pipe 8, and the other end of the heat exchange pipe 5 adjacent to this heat exchange pipe 5 is connected to a return water main pipe 9.

[0023] Specifically, the segment body 1 is a reinforced concrete segment.

[0024] Specifically, the heat exchange pipe 5 is made of stainless steel.

[0025] Specifically, the connection between the main water supply pipe 8 and the heat exchange pipe 5 is located in the connecting trench 4, and the connection between the main return water pipe 9 and the heat exchange pipe 5 is located in the connecting trench 4. The trench 4 is also equipped with valves, flushing ports and pressure gauges.

[0026] Specifically, the main water supply pipe 8, the main return water pipe 9, and the heat exchange pipe 5 are connected by a parallel water supply and return pipeline or a reverse water supply and return pipeline.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel after the installation of prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments provided by the present invention. The outer annular shape represents the tunnel cross-section after installation, and the middle part is a simulation diagram of the track surface and the equipment installed on the track surface. Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the ground source heat pump system using prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments provided by this invention shows a light rail station on the left, which includes an equipment maintenance platform connected to the tunnel, as well as necessary equipment for the ground source heat pump system such as a heat pump room, heat pump unit, piston air duct, and circulating water pump. The right side of the diagram shows the shield tunnel section. The prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments of this invention are installed along the outer wall of the shield tunnel section, and then exchange heat with the surrounding soil of the tunnel through the prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments of this invention.

[0028] The purpose of this prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment is to integrate the heat exchange pipeline of the ground source heat pump with the reinforced concrete segments. After the segment body 1 is assembled, the heat exchange pipeline 5 is connected using connecting pipes 7, forming a heat exchange network around the tunnel. During normal operation of the heat pump system, the heat exchange solution flows through the heat exchange network for heat exchange, providing a heat source for the buildings requiring heating or cooling through the ground source heat pump system located in the machine room near the tunnel. This system prioritizes heat exchange between the energy segments and the soil, and, when necessary, installs cooling towers and other equipment to regulate the soil thermal balance and improve system operation.

[0029] This prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment replaces traditional shield segments, solving the land occupation problem of ground source heat pump heat exchange pipelines and significantly reducing initial installation costs compared to traditional ground source heat pumps. The heat exchange tubes use 304 and 316 stainless steel pipes, which have a longer service life than PE and PB pipes, lasting the entire lifespan of the shield segment. The smooth pipe walls result in low resistance, reducing pump energy consumption. Furthermore, stainless steel pipes have antibacterial properties, inhibiting microbial growth and preventing scale formation, eliminating the need for chemical cleaning or mechanical descaling, and requiring no maintenance for life. The use of stainless steel pipes results in a higher heat transfer coefficient compared to PE and PB pipes, approximately 24-71 times that of PE pipes and 30-90 times that of PB pipes, greatly improving heat transfer efficiency and increasing the energy efficiency ratio of the ground source heat pump unit. Simultaneously, the resistance loss of stainless steel pipes of the same size and specifications is approximately 70%-85% of that of PE and PB pipes, indirectly reducing the head of the circulating water pump and lowering the energy consumption of the circulating water system. The heat exchange method of this invention can replace traditional heat exchange methods such as cooling towers, air-cooled units, and multi-split outdoor units, and will not generate noise, vibration, water drift, water mist, etc. that affect nearby residents.

[0030] A method for using prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments includes the following steps: S1: The precast tunnel segment 1 is integrated with the energy system. The reinforced concrete tunnel segment 1 is precast according to the design drawings, with internal arrayed steel reinforcement cages 2 to enhance structural strength. Joint manholes 3 are reserved at the joints for subsequent bolt connections. A connecting groove 4 is opened inside the tunnel segment 1, embedding stainless steel heat exchange pipes 5 and installing connecting joints 6. Connecting joints 6 of adjacent heat exchange pipes 5 are connected via connecting pipes 7 to form a continuous energy heat exchange pipeline system. Supply water main pipe 8 and return water main pipe 9 interfaces are pre-embedded in the connecting groove 4, along with matching valves, flushing ports, pressure gauges, and other pipe fittings. The interface locations avoid the main reinforcement bars of the tunnel segment's steel reinforcement cage 2 and the structural weak points of the joint manholes 3.

[0031] S2: Shield tunneling segment assembly. During shield machine advancement, the assembly accuracy is controlled by a reference ring positioning system to ensure alignment of the manholes 3 at the joints of adjacent segments. High-strength bolts are used to connect adjacent segments through the manholes 3. Simultaneously, the energy heat exchange pipeline system is connected during assembly: the main water supply pipe 8 connects to the first-end heat exchange pipe 5, and the main return water pipe 9 connects to the last-end heat exchange pipe 5, forming a closed loop. Depending on the tunnel length and load distribution, either a parallel or reverse flow water supply and return pipeline system is selected. Long tunnels with a distance of 1 km or more use a parallel flow design to achieve automatic flow balance, while short tunnels with a distance of less than 1 km use a reverse flow design and dynamically adjust the flow through a balancing valve.

[0032] S3: System operation and intelligent monitoring. The system starts the main water supply pipe pump 8 and monitors the water supply pressure using a pressure gauge. A check valve is installed on the return water main pipe 9 to prevent backflow, and the end drain valve is periodically opened to flush out sediment from the pipes. Integrated intelligent control system: Pressure sensors are installed at the inlet of the main water supply pipe 8, at the front end of the equipment, and at high / low points in the pipe network to collect pressure data in real time and upload it to the central control platform. The system automatically adjusts the flow rate of each branch of the variable-return system through a dynamic differential pressure valve. The sealing of the manhole 3 at the joints is checked periodically.

[0033] S4: Maintenance, inspection, and durability assurance. A comprehensive system inspection is conducted quarterly: an endoscope is used to check for corrosion of the heat exchange pipes 5 within the connecting trench 4, and ultrasonic testing is used to check the thickness of the protective layer of the steel reinforcement cage 2 for the pipe segments. An annual energy efficiency assessment is conducted, using thermal imaging to detect the surface temperature distribution of the pipe segments and optimizing operating parameters for both parallel and parallel systems.

[0034] The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment, characterized in that, The system includes a tunnel segment body (1) and an energy heat exchange pipeline system. One end of the tunnel segment body (1) is equipped with a heat pump system. Multiple tunnel segment steel cages (2) are arrayed inside the tunnel segment body (1). Joint manholes (3) are also provided at the joints of the tunnel segments. The energy heat exchange pipeline system includes multiple heat exchange pipes (5). Multiple connecting grooves (4) for connecting the heat exchange pipes (5) are opened inside the tunnel segment body (1). Connecting pipes (7) are provided in the connecting grooves (4). Each heat exchange pipe (5) has a connecting joint (6) at both ends. Each connecting pipe (7) is connected to the corresponding connecting joint (6) at both ends, so that the heat exchange pipes (5) can form a heat exchange pipeline network around the tunnel. One end of one heat exchange pipe (5) is connected to a water supply main pipe (8), and the other heat exchange pipe (5) adjacent to it is connected to a return water main pipe (9).

2. The prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segment body (1) is a reinforced concrete segment.

3. The prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange pipe (5) is made of stainless steel.

4. The prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the main water supply pipe (8) and the heat exchange pipe (5) is set in the connecting groove (4), and the connection between the main return water pipe (9) and the heat exchange pipe (5) is set in the connecting groove (4). The groove (4) is also equipped with a valve, a flushing port and a pressure gauge.

5. A prefabricated tunnel shield energy segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main water supply pipe (8), the main return water pipe (9), and the heat exchange pipe (5) are connected by a parallel water supply and return pipeline or a reverse water supply and return pipeline.

6. A method for using prefabricated tunnel shield energy segments according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The precast segment body (1) is integrated with the energy system. The precast reinforced concrete segment body (1) is constructed according to the design drawings. The segment reinforcement cage (2) is arranged in an array inside to strengthen the structural strength. The joint hand hole (3) is reserved at the joint for subsequent bolt connection. A connecting groove (4) is opened inside the segment body (1), and a stainless steel heat exchange pipe (5) is embedded and a connecting joint (6) is set. The connecting joints (6) of adjacent heat exchange pipes (5) are connected through the connecting pipe (7) to form a continuous energy heat exchange pipeline system. The water supply main pipe (8) and return main pipe (9) interfaces are pre-embedded in the connecting groove (4), and valves, flushing ports, pressure gauges and other pipe fittings are installed. The interface position avoids the main reinforcement of the segment reinforcement cage (2) and the weak points of the joint hand hole (3). S2: During shield tunneling, the segment assembly is controlled by the reference ring positioning system to ensure the alignment of the joint manholes (3) of adjacent segments. High-strength bolts are used to connect adjacent segments through the joint manholes (3). The energy heat exchange pipeline system is connected simultaneously during the assembly process: the main water supply pipe (8) is connected to the first heat exchange pipeline (5), and the main return water pipe (9) is connected to the last heat exchange pipeline (5) to form a closed loop. The same-flow or different-flow water supply and return pipelines are selected according to the tunnel length and load distribution. Long tunnels with a distance of 1km or more adopt the same-flow design to achieve automatic flow balance, while short tunnels with a distance of less than 1km adopt the different-flow design and are dynamically adjusted by the balancing valve. S3: System operation and intelligent monitoring: Start the main water supply pipe (8) pump group and monitor the water supply pressure through the pressure gauge; Set a check valve in the return water main pipe (9) to prevent backflow of the medium, and open the end drain valve regularly to flush the sediment in the pipeline; Integrated intelligent control system: Set pressure sensors at the inlet of the main water supply pipe (8), the front end of the equipment and the high / low points of the pipeline network to collect pressure data in real time and upload it to the central control platform; Automatically adjust the flow of each branch of the variable flow system through the dynamic differential pressure valve; Regularly check the sealing of the joint manhole (3). S4: Maintenance and durability assurance, a comprehensive system inspection is carried out every quarter: use an endoscope to check the corrosion of the heat exchange pipe (5) in the connecting trench (4), and use ultrasonic testing to detect the thickness of the protective layer of the steel cage (2) of the pipe segment; conduct an energy efficiency assessment every year, use a thermal imager to detect the surface temperature distribution of the pipe segment, and optimize the operating parameters of the same-process or different-process system.

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