Pipe jacking machine anti-locking device and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipe jacking machine anti-locking device and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of pipe jacking construction equipment.The pipe jacking machine anti-locking device is provided with a prefabricated pipe joint, a vibration soil loosening mechanism and a soil sucking and discharging mechanism, and when the pipe jacking machine anti-locking device is used, the prefabricated pipe joint formed by combining multiple alternate arc-shaped base plate sections and arc-shaped connecting sections is installed at the rear end of a pipe jacking machine head; and a jacking module of the pipe jacking machine is used for jacking the prefabricated pipe section, so that the prefabricated pipe section performs jacking operation along with a machine head of the pipe jacking machine, on the premise, when the pipe jacking machine is locked, a vibration soil loosening mechanism installed on the arc-shaped base plate section is used for performing vibration soil loosening operation on a soil body in a locked area, and after the vibration soil loosening operation is completed, the pipe jacking machine is started. And the soil body sucking and discharging mechanism is used for sucking and discharging the vibrated and loosened soil body, so that the compression of the compact soil body on the pipe jacking machine can be relieved, and the resistance of the compact soil body on the pipe jacking machine is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipe jacking construction technology, and in particular to an anti-lock device for a pipe jacking machine and a construction method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, a large-section tunnel project uses a three-circle interlocking pipe jacking system consisting of one pilot pipe and two left and right side pipes. The combination is achieved through the interlocking structure between the pipe sections. During construction, the combined pipe sections are pushed forward along the design axis by the jacking equipment.

[0003] However, existing technologies mostly use lubricating slurry (such as bentonite slurry) to reduce drag on the outer wall of the pipe section, but this can only prevent mild friction problems and has no effect on relieving the pressure of the already formed dense soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose an anti-lock device and construction method for pipe jacking machines, aiming to solve the technical problem that existing technologies often use lubricating slurry (such as bentonite slurry) to reduce drag on the outer wall of pipe sections, but this can only prevent mild friction problems and has no effect on relieving the pressure on the already formed dense soil.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an anti-lock device for a pipe jacking machine, wherein the pipe jacking machine includes independently distributed cutter heads and jacking modules, and the anti-lock device for the pipe jacking machine includes:

[0006] A prefabricated pipe section, one end of which abuts against the cutter head, and the other end of which abuts against the jacking module or another pre-set pipe section. The prefabricated pipe section includes multiple arc-shaped base plate segments and arc-shaped connecting segments that are alternately connected in the circumferential direction. The outer wall of each arc-shaped base plate segment is formed with an installation position and a connecting hole that penetrates the arc-shaped base plate segment in the radial direction. A vibratory soil loosening mechanism is installed at the installation position, abutting against the soil. The mechanism sends vibration waves towards the soil to loosen it. The mechanism has suction and discharge holes that communicate with the connecting hole. A soil suction and discharge mechanism is installed inside the precast pipe section. The soil suction and discharge mechanism is connected to the slag discharge component of the pipe jacking machine. The soil suction and discharge mechanism passes through the connecting hole and is connected to the suction and discharge hole to suction and discharge the soil loosened by the vibration loosening mechanism, and discharges the suction and discharge soil to the slag discharge component.

[0007] In one embodiment, the vibration soil loosening mechanism includes: A vibrating plate, the vibrating plate surrounding the outer periphery of the prefabricated pipe section, the vibrating plate being connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped base plate segment via a connector; and... A vibration component is installed at the installation location. The vibration component extends radially to abut against the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate, and upon abutment, sends vibration waves toward the vibrating plate and loosens the soil.

[0008] In one embodiment, the vibrating component includes: A telescopic member, wherein the telescopic member is mounted at the mounting position, and the telescopic end of the telescopic member extends radially away from the arcuate substrate segment; and, A vibration assembly is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic member. The telescopic member can drive the vibration assembly to extend radially to abut against the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate. When the vibration assembly abuts against the vibrating plate, it sends vibration waves toward the vibrating plate and loosens the soil.

[0009] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly includes: An outer casing, the outer casing being mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic member, and an installation space being formed within the outer casing; and, An electromagnetic vibrating element is installed in the installation space. The electromagnetic vibrating element can send vibration waves to the vibrating plate through the outer shell and loosen the soil.

[0010] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly further includes sound-absorbing cotton filling the installation space.

[0011] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly further includes a damping pad installed at the connection between the housing and the telescopic member.

[0012] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly further includes a damping spring, which is installed within the installation space, and the electromagnetic vibrator is installed on the damping spring.

[0013] In one embodiment, the soil suction and discharge mechanism includes: A suction pipe passes through the connecting hole and is sealed and connected to the suction hole. A filter screen is provided on the suction pipe near the suction hole. A vacuum pump, installed within the prefabricated pipe section, connected to the suction and discharge pipe, capable of suctioning and discharging the soil loosened by the vibration loosening mechanism; and... A suction and discharge conveying assembly is installed on the vacuum pump and is connected to the slag discharge component. The suction and discharge conveying assembly can transport the soil suctioned and discharged by the vacuum pump to the slag discharge component.

[0014] In one embodiment, the suction and discharge conveying assembly includes a connector and a conveying pipe. The connector is installed on the vacuum pump, and the two ends of the conveying pipe are respectively connected to the connector and the slag discharge component. The conveying pipe can transport the soil suctioned and discharged by the vacuum pump to the slag discharge component.

[0015] Based on the same technical concept, in a second aspect, the present invention also proposes a method for preventing the locking of a pipe jacking machine, employing the anti-locking device for the pipe jacking machine described in the first aspect. The method for preventing the locking of the pipe jacking machine includes the following steps: Real-time resistance data of the pipe jacking machine during the jacking process is collected. Determine whether the real-time resistance data triggers a preset warning condition; wherein, the preset warning condition is that the resistance generated by the pipe jacking machine during the jacking process is greater than the maximum jacking thrust; When the preset warning condition is triggered, the anti-lock device of the pipe jacking machine described in the first aspect is controlled to loosen the soil and complete the soil suction and discharge operation. Continue collecting the current resistance data of the pipe jacking machine; When the current resistance data no longer triggers the preset warning condition, the suction and discharge operation on the soil is stopped and the pipe jacking machine continues to advance.

[0016] The technical solution of this invention, by setting up prefabricated pipe sections, a vibration loosening mechanism, and a soil suction and discharge mechanism, allows the prefabricated pipe sections, formed by combining multiple alternating arc-shaped base plate segments and arc-shaped connecting segments, to be installed at the rear end of the pipe jacking machine head during use. The jacking module of the pipe jacking machine then pushes the prefabricated pipe sections, enabling them to follow the jacking machine head during the jacking operation. Under these conditions, when the pipe jacking machine seizes up, the vibration loosening mechanism installed on the arc-shaped base plate segment is used to vibrate and loosen the soil in the seized area. After the vibration loosening operation is completed, the soil suction and discharge mechanism is used to suction and discharge the loosened soil. This allows the invention to alleviate the pressure of dense soil on the pipe jacking machine and reduce the resistance generated by the dense soil. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1Another structural schematic diagram of the anti-lock braking system (ABS) shown in the example; Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of part A in the example; Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of part B in the example; Figure 5 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of part C in the example; Figure 6 for Figure 5 An enlarged structural diagram of part D in the example; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating an anti-lock construction method according to an example of the present invention. Attached image description: 100. Precast pipe section; 110. Arc-shaped base plate section; 120. Arc-shaped connecting section; 130. Connecting hole; 200. Vibration loosening mechanism; 210. Suction and discharge hole; 300. Soil suction and discharge mechanism; 220. Vibrating plate; 230. Vibrating component; 231. Telescopic component; 232. Vibration assembly; 233. Outer shell; 234. Electromagnetic vibrating component; 235. Sound insulation cotton; 236. Shock-absorbing spring; 310. Suction and discharge pipe; 320. Filter screen; 330. Vacuum pump; 340. Suction and discharge conveying assembly; 341. Connector; 342. Conveying pipe.

[0020] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0023] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0024] In existing technologies, large-section tunnel construction often employs a three-circle interlocking pipe jacking system, where jacking equipment propels combined pipe sections forward along the designed axis. Traditional methods rely on applying lubricating grout to the outer wall of the pipe sections to reduce drag, but this only alleviates surface friction. When the soil around the pipe sections forms a dense structure due to prolonged compression, the lubricating grout cannot penetrate to the deeper soil layers, leading to a sharp increase in jacking resistance and posing a risk of equipment seizure.

[0025] This invention proposes an anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines and a construction method thereof.

[0026] For ease of understanding and explanation, the pipe jacking machine in this invention is a three-circle interlocking pipe jacking machine. The example three-circle interlocking pipe jacking machine includes a pilot pipe and side pipes located on both sides of the pilot pipe, with the pilot pipe and side pipes interlocking and sealingly fitted.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 7For ease of understanding, this anti-lock device for a pipe jacking machine includes an independently distributed cutter head and a jacking module. The anti-lock device includes a prefabricated pipe section 100, a vibration loosening mechanism 200, and a soil suction and discharge mechanism 300. One end of the prefabricated pipe section 100 abuts against the cutter head, and the other end abuts against the jacking module or another pre-set pipe section. The prefabricated pipe section 100 includes multiple circumferentially alternating arc-shaped base plate sections 110 and arc-shaped connecting sections 120. The outer wall of each arc-shaped base plate section 110 is formed with an installation position and a radially penetrating connecting hole 130. The vibratory soil loosening mechanism 200 is installed at the installation position and abuts against the soil. The vibratory soil loosening mechanism 200 can send vibration waves to the soil and loosen the soil. The vibratory soil loosening mechanism 200 has a suction and discharge hole 210 that is connected to the connecting hole 130. The soil suction and discharge mechanism 300 is installed inside the precast pipe section 100 and is connected to the slag discharge component of the pipe jacking machine. The soil suction and discharge mechanism 300 passes through the connecting hole 130 and is connected to the suction and discharge hole 210 to suck and discharge the soil loosened by the vibratory soil loosening mechanism 200, and discharges the soil obtained by suction and discharge to the slag discharge component.

[0028] It should be specifically and clearly stated that the arc-shaped base plate segment 110 and the connecting segment of the prefabricated pipe section 100 are alternately distributed and can form a ring structure by segmental welding or bolt connection. The base plate segment provides the mounting surface for the vibration mechanism, and the connecting segment maintains the overall rigidity of the pipe section. The vibration loosening mechanism 200 adopts a composite structure of electromagnetic vibration and hydraulic telescopic movement. For example, the electromagnetic vibration component 232 has a built-in permanent magnet and coil, which generates adjustable frequency vibration after being energized. The hydraulic drive rod can control the extension and retraction of the vibrating plate 220 to contact the soil. The suction and discharge hole 210 of the soil suction and discharge mechanism 300 is connected to the connecting hole 130. For example, a wear-resistant suction pipe is used to connect to the vacuum pump 330, and a stainless steel filter screen is set at the front end of the suction port to prevent large particles from entering.

[0029] Specifically, when the jacking resistance exceeds a threshold, the hydraulic drive rod pushes the vibrating plate 220 to extend and contact the soil, and the electromagnetic vibration component 232 generates high-frequency vibration to loosen the soil. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump 330 is started, sucking the loose soil into the slag discharge pipe through the suction / discharge hole 210, reducing the volume of soil around the pipe section. A damping pad and elastic bolts are installed between the vibrating plate 220 and the pipe section to suppress vibration transmission. The suction / discharge operation continues until the jacking resistance drops to a safe range, at which point the hydraulic drive rod retracts the vibrating plate 220, and the device returns to its initial state.

[0030] It can be further clarified that, in this embodiment, the example arc-shaped base plate segment 110 serves as the core load-bearing structure, used to fix and install the vibration loosening mechanism 200 and the soil suction and discharge mechanism 300, achieving rigid contact and load transfer with the pipe jacking machine section. It should be noted that the shape and curvature of the prefabricated pipe section 100 corresponding to the arc-shaped base plate segment 110 should be consistent with and compatible with the pipe jacking machine. Furthermore, a distinction should be made between the pilot pipe type and the left and right side pipe types (both are made of low-alloy high-strength structural steel hot-rolled, balancing strength and compatibility).

[0031] To ensure the stability of the installation and connection of the vibration loosening mechanism 200 and the soil suction and discharge mechanism 300, the example arc-shaped base plate segment 110 is provided with an installation groove for installing the telescopic electromagnetic vibration module. The groove opening edge is rounded to avoid stress concentration. At the same time, a radially penetrating suction and discharge hole 210 is also provided on the arc-shaped base plate segment 110 for communicating with the soil suction and discharge mechanism 300 to realize the suction and discharge operation of the soil.

[0032] It should be clearly stated that the example has multiple suction and discharge holes 210, which are distributed at intervals on the arc-shaped base plate segment 110 to realize suction and discharge operations on soil at different locations.

[0033] In this embodiment, active vibration disrupts the soil structure, combined with vacuum suction to reduce soil pressure, forming a dynamic drag reduction mechanism. Compared to a single drag reduction method, the synergistic effect of vibration and suction can significantly reduce peak friction and prevent equipment from seizing up. By setting up a prefabricated pipe section 100, a vibration loosening mechanism 200, and a soil suction and discharge mechanism 300, in use, the prefabricated pipe section 100, which is formed by combining multiple alternating arc-shaped base plate segments 110 and arc-shaped connecting segments 120, is installed at the rear end of the pipe jacking machine head. The jacking module of the pipe jacking machine pushes the prefabricated pipe section 100, so that the prefabricated pipe section 100 can follow the jacking machine head for jacking operations. Under this premise, when the pipe jacking machine seizes up, the vibration loosening mechanism 200 installed on the arc-shaped base plate segment 110 is used to vibrate and loosen the soil in the seized area. After the vibration loosening operation is completed, the soil suction and discharge mechanism 300 is used to suction and discharge the loosened soil. Thus, the present invention can alleviate the pressure of dense soil on the pipe jacking machine and reduce the resistance of dense soil on the pipe jacking machine.

[0034] In one embodiment, the vibration loosening mechanism 200 includes a vibrating plate 220 and a vibration component 230. The vibrating plate 220 surrounds the outer periphery of the precast pipe section 100 and is connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped base plate section 110 through a connector. The vibration component 230 is installed at the installation position and can extend radially to abut against the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate 220. When abutting, the vibrating component 230 sends vibration waves toward the vibrating plate 220 and loosens the soil.

[0035] Specifically, the vibrating plate 220 is bolted to the outer wall of the arc-shaped base plate segment 110, with its inner arc surface maintaining a distance from the vibrating component 230. When abnormal jacking resistance is detected, the hydraulic drive rod of the vibrating component 230 pushes the electromagnetic vibration assembly 232 to extend radially until the vibration assembly 232 makes close contact with the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate 220. At this time, the electromagnetic coil is energized, causing the vibrating spindle to generate simple harmonic vibration. The vibration energy is transmitted through the vibrating plate 220 to the surrounding dense soil, causing shear failure between soil particles and forming a loose structure. The wear-resistant layer on the contact surface between the vibrating plate 220 and the soil can reduce friction loss, while its arc-shaped distribution structure ensures that the vibration effect covers the soil around the pipe section.

[0036] Of course, in order to ensure the vibration transmission performance of the vibration plate 220, the vibration plate 220 of the example is preferably made of aluminum alloy plate, and the outer arc surface of the vibration plate 220 of the example should also be provided with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer to improve the wear resistance of the vibration plate 220.

[0037] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the vibrating plate 220 and the vibrating component 230 can form an active vibration zone around the outer periphery of the pipe section, directly destroying the dense soil structure and solving the problem of pipe section seizing caused by soil shear dilatation effect.

[0038] In one embodiment, the vibration component 230 includes a telescopic member 231 and a vibration assembly 232. The telescopic member 231 is installed at the installation position, and the telescopic end of the telescopic member 231 extends radially away from the arc-shaped base plate segment 110. The vibration assembly 232 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic member 231. The telescopic member 231 can drive the vibration assembly 232 to extend radially to abut against the inner arc surface of the vibration plate 220. When the vibration assembly 232 abuts against the vibration plate 220, it sends vibration waves toward the vibration plate 220 and loosens the soil.

[0039] Specifically, when the jacking resistance exceeds the warning threshold, the telescopic component 231 drives the vibration assembly 232 to move radially outward until the outer surface of the vibration assembly 232 is in close contact with the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate 220. At this time, the electromagnetic vibrator 234 is energized and generates high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration. The vibration energy is transmitted to the vibrating plate 220 through the contact surface, causing the vibrating plate 220 to exert a shearing effect on the surrounding dense soil, destroying the bonding structure between soil particles and forming a loose state. The vibration assembly 232 maintains stable contact under the support of the telescopic component 231, avoiding displacement deviation caused by vibration.

[0040] It should be specifically and clearly stated that, in this embodiment, the example telescopic member 231 is a hydraulic telescopic member 231, and the example hydraulic telescopic member 231 is connected to the hydraulic system of the jacking module of the pipe jacking machine through a pipeline.

[0041] In this embodiment, through the synergistic effect of telescopic drive and vibration transmission, the compressed soil around the pipe section can be directly loosened in a directional manner, forming a dynamic drag reduction effect.

[0042] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly 232 includes a housing 233 and an electromagnetic vibrator 234. The housing 233 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic member 231. An installation space is formed inside the housing 233. The electromagnetic vibrator 234 is installed in the installation space. The electromagnetic vibrator 234 can send vibration waves to the vibration plate 220 through the housing 233 and loosen the soil.

[0043] Specifically, the vibration assembly 232 extends radially through the telescopic end of the telescopic member 231, causing the outer shell 233 to contact the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate 220. The vibration waves generated by the electromagnetic vibrator 234 are transmitted to the vibrating plate 220 through the outer shell 233. The vibrating plate 220 diffuses the vibration energy to the surrounding soil, causing the dense soil to loosen due to shear expansion. The sound insulation cotton 235 inside the outer shell 233 can reduce the impact of vibration noise on the construction environment, and the shock-absorbing pad at the connection between the outer shell 233 and the telescopic member 231 can reduce the transmission of vibration energy to the main structure of the pipe jacking machine.

[0044] It should be specifically and clearly stated that the electromagnetic vibrating component exemplified in this embodiment includes several rare-earth permanent magnets, an electromagnetic coil, and a vibrating mandrel. When energized, it generates simple harmonic vibrations with an adjustable frequency and continuously adjustable amplitude. In this embodiment, the exemplified electromagnetic vibrating component, with rare-earth permanent magnets, an electromagnetic coil, and a vibrating mandrel as its core, achieves soil loosening through three steps: "magnetic field construction - electromagnetic drive - simple harmonic vibration formation." First, a stable static magnetic field is established by the rare-earth permanent magnets. Then, an alternating current is passed through the electromagnetic coil to generate a dynamic magnetic field. The interaction of the two magnetic fields generates an axial electromagnetic thrust, driving the vibrating mandrel to reciprocate. The mandrel and the spring damper form an elastic balance system. When the current frequency matches the system's natural frequency, simple harmonic vibrations are generated. The amplitude and frequency can be adjusted through the current parameters. Finally, the vibration energy is transferred to the soil through the outer shell and the vibrating plate, achieving soil shear dilatation and loosening.

[0045] The circuit adopts a three-level architecture of "PLC controller - drive module - actuator". The PLC issues control commands according to the jacking resistance level, and the drive module converts the commands into adjustable frequency alternating current input to the electromagnetic coil. At the same time, current intensity and spindle amplitude are collected in real time through current sensors and displacement sensors. The data is transmitted back to the PLC to form a closed-loop control to ensure stable vibration parameters. The system also has overcurrent, overvoltage, and no-load protection mechanisms, and is linked with the vacuum suction and exhaust module and the hydraulic system of the telescopic component to achieve "vibration-suction and exhaust" timing coordination, avoiding secondary compaction of loose soil.

[0046] In this embodiment, the dynamic contact between the vibrating plate 220 and the soil is achieved through the retractable vibration component 232, and the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the electromagnetic vibrating component 234 directly acts on the vibrating plate 220, which solves the problems of large energy loss and limited frequency adjustment range of traditional mechanical vibration structures.

[0047] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly 232 further includes sound insulation cotton 235, which fills the installation space.

[0048] Specifically, when the electromagnetic vibrator 234 is activated and generates high-frequency vibration, the sound-insulating cotton 235 inside the mounting space of the housing 233 converts the vibration sound waves into heat energy through its porous structure, effectively suppressing the transmission of vibration noise through the housing 233 to the arc-shaped substrate section 110 and the prefabricated pipe section 100 body. For example, the sound-insulating cotton 235 is filled in a pre-compressed state in the gap between the electromagnetic vibrator 234 and the housing 233 to ensure that the vibration energy is sufficiently attenuated before being transmitted to the external structure. The closed structure of the mounting space, combined with the sound-absorbing properties of the sound-insulating cotton 235, forms a double vibration isolation barrier, preventing vibration from negatively impacting the stability of the jacking module or adjacent pipe sections.

[0049] In this embodiment, by filling the outer shell 233 with sound insulation cotton 235, a physical isolation layer is formed between the vibration source and the external structure, which not only retains the function of vibration loosening, but also significantly reduces the risk of vibration transmission.

[0050] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly 232 further includes a damping pad, which is installed at the connection between the housing 233 and the telescopic member 231.

[0051] Specifically, when the electromagnetic vibrator 234 generates high-frequency vibration, the damping pad absorbs the radial vibration at the connection between the outer shell 233 and the telescopic component 231 through the elastic deformation of the rubber material. Simultaneously, the damping spring 236 buffers the longitudinal vibration energy of the electromagnetic vibrator 234 through axial compression deformation. This two-stage damping structure creates a spatial isolation effect, gradually attenuating the vibration energy before it is transmitted to the main pipe section, thus preventing vibration from interfering with the jacking accuracy of the pipe jacking machine. The symmetrical arrangement of the damping springs 236 maintains the dynamic balance of the vibrating body unit, preventing localized stress concentration caused by eccentric loading. It should be clearly stated that in this embodiment, the damping pad is an example of a nitrile rubber damping pad.

[0052] In this embodiment, a dual radial and axial damping system is constructed through the synergistic effect of the damping pad and the damping spring 236, which ensures the effect of vibration loosening while reducing the vibration transmission rate to within the equipment safety threshold range.

[0053] In one embodiment, the vibration assembly 232 further includes a damping spring 236, which is installed in the installation space, and the electromagnetic vibrator 234 is installed on the damping spring 236.

[0054] Specifically, the electromagnetic vibrator 234 is mounted on the damping spring 236, with both ends of the damping spring 236 connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 233 and the base of the electromagnetic vibrator 234, respectively. When the electromagnetic vibrator 234 is energized, the generated axial vibration is absorbed by the damping spring 236 and converted into spring compression deformation, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration energy to the outer casing 233. Simultaneously, the symmetrical arrangement of the damping springs 236 ensures that the vibration energy is evenly distributed circumferentially, avoiding localized stress concentration. The outer casing 233 transmits the remaining vibration energy to the vibrating plate 220 via the hydraulic drive rod of the telescopic member 231, and the vibrating plate 220 then applies the vibration waves to the soil to loosen it. In this embodiment, the damping spring 236 is a helical compression spring. To ensure damping performance, four sets of damping springs 236 are provided, symmetrically distributed to further isolate the transmission of axial vibration and ensure that the vibration does not hinder the construction progress.

[0055] In this embodiment, the combination structure of the shock-absorbing spring 236 and the outer shell 233 ensures that the vibration energy is effectively transmitted to the soil while isolating the impact of vibration on the main body of the pipe section.

[0056] In one embodiment, the soil suction and discharge mechanism 300 includes a suction and discharge pipe 310, a vacuum pump 330, and a suction and discharge conveying assembly 340. The suction and discharge pipe 310 passes through the connecting hole 130 and is sealed and connected to the suction and discharge hole 210. A filter screen 320 is provided on the suction and discharge pipe 310 near the suction and discharge hole 210. The vacuum pump 330 is installed inside the prefabricated pipe section 100 and is connected to the suction and discharge pipe 310. The vacuum pump 330 can suction and discharge soil loosened by the vibration loosening mechanism 200. The suction and discharge conveying assembly 340 is installed on the vacuum pump 330 and is connected to the slag discharge component. The suction and discharge conveying assembly 340 can transport the soil suctioned and discharged by the vacuum pump 330 to the slag discharge component.

[0057] Specifically, after the vibratory loosening mechanism 200 loosens the surrounding dense soil, the vacuum pump 330 starts and creates a negative pressure environment within the suction pipe 310. Loose soil particles enter the suction pipe 310 through the suction hole 210 equipped with a filter screen 320. The filter screen 320 intercepts large soil particles outside the suction hole 210, preventing them from entering the suction pipe 310 and causing blockage. The sucked-in soil is transported to the vacuum pump 330 via the suction pipe 310, and then transferred to the slag removal system of the pipe jacking machine through the flexible pipe in the suction and conveying assembly 340. During this process, the flexible joint 341 of the suction and conveying assembly 340 absorbs pipe displacement caused by equipment vibration, maintaining the continuity of the suction and conveying operation.

[0058] In this embodiment, through the synergistic effect of vacuum pump 330 and suction pipe 310, soil particles can be sucked out immediately after vibration and loosening, effectively reducing the soil pressure around the pipe section and avoiding the problem of sudden increase in jacking resistance caused by excessive soil compaction.

[0059] In one embodiment, the suction and discharge conveying assembly 340 includes a connector 341 and a conveying pipe 342. The connector 341 is installed on the vacuum pump 330, and the two ends of the conveying pipe 342 are respectively connected to the connector 341 and the slag discharge component. The conveying pipe 342 can convey the soil suctioned and discharged by the vacuum pump 330 to the slag discharge component.

[0060] Specifically, after the vacuum pump 330 completes the adsorption of soil particles, the soil enters the conveying pipe 342 through the suction and discharge pipe 310. The connector 341 is fixed to the outlet end of the vacuum pump 330 via a flange connection, and the other end of the conveying pipe 342 extends to the slag removal system of the pipe jacking machine. When the vacuum pump 330 starts, the soil moves directionally along the conveying pipe 342 under negative pressure and finally enters the slag removal unit for centralized processing.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, a quick-release clamp can be provided at the connection between the connector 341 and the conveying pipe 342 to facilitate rapid on-site installation and maintenance. The conveying pipe 342 can be configured as a segmented structure, with each segment having a length of, for example, 1.5 meters, connected in series through the union connector 341 to form a complete conveying path.

[0062] In this embodiment, the combination of a rigidly connected conveying pipe 342 and a flexible joint 341 ensures both the sealing of the soil transport and eliminates the impact of equipment vibration on the pipe connection. Common metal rigid pipe connections in the prior art are prone to flange bolt loosening due to vibration, leading to soil leakage.

[0063] The symmetrical vacuum suction and exhaust module adopts a diagonal layout to achieve balanced suction and exhaust forces. The core consists of four parts: the vacuum power unit is mainly composed of a vortex negative pressure generator, and the redundancy design ensures stable power; the suction and exhaust pipeline assembly includes the main suction and exhaust pipe, branch nozzles and flexible connecting pipes, and the pipeline is made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials; the filter and control unit connects a detachable filter screen and a vacuum negative pressure sensor in series. The former intercepts soil particles to prevent clogging, and the latter monitors the system negative pressure. It is equipped with electromagnetic control valves to achieve precise start and stop; the auxiliary support structure includes pipeline fixing brackets and oil-resistant rubber seals to ensure pipeline stability and negative pressure sealing. In terms of installation location, the modules are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped support base plate, with the telescopic electromagnetic vibration module as the central axis. Branch suction nozzles penetrate the pre-set through-holes in the base plate, with their outer ends flush with the outer arc surface of the base plate. This ensures direct contact with loose soil while avoiding additional resistance during jacking. The vacuum pump and main control valves are installed at the rear of the base plate near the pipe section connection side, away from the disturbance area of ​​the working face and with reserved maintenance space. For connections, the branch suction nozzles are secured to the base plate through-holes with sealing rings and bolts; the compression of the sealing rings is adapted to the negative pressure sealing requirements. The main suction pipe is branched to the branch suction nozzles via flexible connecting pipes; the flexible design absorbs vibration displacement and prevents loosening of the interfaces. The vacuum pump and main suction pipe are connected by flanges, and the control valves are linked to the pipe jacking machine's PLC controller via a circuit interface, achieving time-coordinated operation with the vibration module.

[0064] At the boundaries of the telescopic stroke, the module is driven by hydraulic or electric push rods. The telescopic range extends from when the vibrating plate is fully in contact with the soil to when it retracts and is flush with the outer arc surface of the curved bearing base plate. It also has a self-locking function and can be fixed at any position within the stroke to adapt to the vibration requirements of soils with different densities. At the boundaries of the installation space, the overall dimensions of the module are precisely matched with the pre-reserved installation slots on the base plate. The width and thickness are strictly controlled within the bearing capacity of the base plate to ensure that they do not exceed the outer contour of the pipe jacking machine section. A buffer gap is reserved at the connection end with the base plate to accommodate minor displacements during vibration and avoid structural stress concentration. At the boundary of motion interference, the module's vibration direction is set along the axial direction of the pipe jacking machine, and the extension / retraction direction is perpendicular to the outer arc surface of the base plate, completely offset from the pipeline layout of the suction and discharge module, to prevent mutual interference between vibration and suction / discharge actions; the module's outer shell is equipped with a protective structure to avoid collision and wear with the suction and discharge pipeline. In addition, the module's vibration parameters and extension / retraction actions are uniformly scheduled through a PLC controller. The vibration program is only started after the extension / retraction is in place, and the vibration power supply is simultaneously cut off when retracting, forming an orderly action logic of "extension-vibration-retraction".

[0065] The arc-shaped load-bearing base plate serves as the core connection foundation, featuring an arc-shaped structure adapted to the pipe sections of the pipe jacking machine. The outer arc surface is the functional mounting surface, while the inner arc surface is tightly fitted and fixed to the outer wall of the pipe section, serving both load-bearing support and installation reference functions. In terms of connection, the telescopic electromagnetic vibration module is bolted to the central area of ​​the base plate via a back connector. A shock-absorbing pad is added between the connector and the base plate to reduce vibration transmission to the base plate. A telescopic gap is reserved between the module's vibration plate and the outer arc surface of the base plate, allowing for switching between fitted and retracted states via telescopic components. The branch nozzles of the symmetrical vacuum suction module are sealed to the through holes of the base plate. The main suction pipe is fixed along both edges of the base plate via brackets. These brackets are connected to pre-embedded steel plates on the sides of the base plate using welding or high-strength bolts to ensure pipeline stability.

[0066] In terms of positioning, the telescopic electromagnetic vibration module is centrally located in the middle of the arc-shaped bearing base plate, ensuring that vibration energy is evenly transmitted to the soil on both sides. The symmetrical vacuum suction and discharge modules are symmetrically distributed on both sides with the vibration module as the center. The density of the branch suction nozzles precisely corresponds to the vibration influence range of the vibration module, forming a coordinated layout of "central vibration loosening of soil + simultaneous suction and discharge on both sides". The three are formed into an organic whole through the base plate. After all modules are installed, the overall outline does not exceed the outer boundary of the base plate. Moreover, the circuit interfaces of the vibration module and the suction and discharge module are all converged to the integrated junction box at the rear of the base plate, realizing centralized linkage with the main control system of the pipe jacking machine and ensuring precise matching of the timing of the "vibration-suction and discharge" actions.

[0067] Based on the same technical concept, in a second aspect, the present invention also proposes a method for preventing the locking of a pipe jacking machine, employing the anti-locking device for the pipe jacking machine described in the first aspect. The method for preventing the locking of the pipe jacking machine includes the following steps: S100. Real-time resistance data of the pipe jacking machine during the jacking process is collected. S200. Determine whether the real-time resistance data triggers a preset warning condition; wherein, the preset warning condition is that the resistance generated by the pipe jacking machine during the jacking process is greater than the maximum jacking thrust; S300. When the preset warning condition is triggered, the anti-lock device of the pipe jacking machine described in the first aspect is controlled to loosen the soil and complete the soil suction and discharge operation. S400, Continue collecting the current resistance data of the pipe jacking machine; S500. When the current resistance data no longer triggers the preset warning condition, stop the suction and discharge operation of the soil and continue to advance the pipe jacking machine.

[0068] It can be further explained that the specific construction process of the construction method in the example of the present invention is as follows: monitoring and early warning: during pipe jacking construction, the pressure sensor collects the working pressure of the jacking cylinder in real time, converts it into jacking resistance and transmits it to the controller; when the resistance exceeds the seizure warning threshold, the controller determines that there is a risk of seizure and issues a start command.

[0069] Device triggering: The controller first drives the hydraulic drive rod of the electromagnetic vibrating plate 220 to extend, so that the vibrating plate 220 protrudes from the outer wall of the pipe section (the extension length is automatically adjusted according to the soil density) until it comes into contact with the surrounding soil.

[0070] Vibration dilatation: After the electromagnetic vibrating plate 220 contacts the soil, it starts to vibrate at a preset frequency. The vibration dilatation effect is used to destroy the dense structure of the soil, which increases the porosity between soil particles and reduces the strength, thereby reducing the lateral pressure on the pipe section.

[0071] Synchronous suction and discharge: After the vibration starts for a preset time (ensuring the soil is fully loosened), the controller starts the vacuum suction and discharge modules on both sides, sucking in the loose soil particles (particle size ≤50mm) through the suction port, and transporting them through the suction pipe to the main discharge pipe behind the pipe section, and finally discharging them to the ground.

[0072] Reset and Standby: When the pressure sensor detects that the jacking resistance has dropped below the safe pressure threshold, the controller first shuts down the vacuum pump 330 soil suction machine, then drives the hydraulic drive rod to retract, restoring the electromagnetic vibrating plate 220 to its initial state flush with the outer wall of the pipe section, awaiting the next trigger. Simultaneously, the touchscreen records the parameters of this anti-lock process (vibration time, suction / discharge volume, resistance change curve), forming a construction data archive.

[0073] Specifically, during the pipe jacking process, pressure sensors collect real-time working pressure data from the jacking cylinders and transmit it to the controller. When the controller determines that the resistance exceeds a preset threshold, it triggers the hydraulic drive rod to extend the vibration loosening mechanism 200 to contact the soil, and simultaneously activates the electromagnetic vibrator 234 to generate high-frequency vibration to loosen the soil. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump 330 is activated to suck out the loosened soil through the suction pipe 310 and transport it to the slag discharge device, reducing the soil pressure around the pipe section. During continuous monitoring, when the resistance falls back to a safe range, the controller sequentially shuts down the vibration loosening mechanism 200 and the vacuum pump 330, the hydraulic drive rod retracts to reset the vibrating plate 220, and the pipe jacking machine resumes normal jacking.

[0074] In this embodiment, through real-time resistance monitoring and automatic control mechanisms, the coordinated operation of vibration loosening and soil suction and discharge can be actively implemented when the risk of seizing occurs, directly eliminating the soil compaction problem that leads to increased friction.

[0075] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present invention and the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipe jacking machine anti-lock device, the pipe jacking machine comprising independently distributed cutter heads and jacking modules, characterized in that, The anti-lock device for the pipe jacking machine includes: A prefabricated pipe section, one end of which abuts against the cutter head, and the other end of which abuts against the jacking module or another pre-set pipe section. The prefabricated pipe section includes multiple arc-shaped base plate segments and arc-shaped connecting segments that are alternately connected in the circumferential direction. The outer wall of each arc-shaped base plate segment is formed with an installation position and a connecting hole that penetrates the arc-shaped base plate segment in the radial direction. A vibratory soil loosening mechanism is installed at the installation position, abutting against the soil. The mechanism sends vibration waves towards the soil to loosen it. The mechanism has suction and discharge holes that communicate with the connecting hole. A soil suction and discharge mechanism is installed inside the precast pipe section. The soil suction and discharge mechanism is connected to the slag discharge component of the pipe jacking machine. The soil suction and discharge mechanism passes through the connecting hole and is connected to the suction and discharge hole to suction and discharge the soil loosened by the vibration loosening mechanism, and discharges the suction and discharge soil to the slag discharge component.

2. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vibratory soil loosening mechanism includes: A vibrating plate, the vibrating plate surrounding the outer periphery of the prefabricated pipe section, the vibrating plate being connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped base plate segment via a connector; and... A vibration component is installed at the installation location. The vibration component extends radially to abut against the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate, and upon abutment, sends vibration waves toward the vibrating plate and loosens the soil.

3. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The vibrating component includes: A telescopic member, wherein the telescopic member is mounted at the mounting position, and the telescopic end of the telescopic member extends radially away from the arcuate substrate segment; and, A vibration assembly is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic member. The telescopic member can drive the vibration assembly to extend radially to abut against the inner arc surface of the vibrating plate. When the vibration assembly abuts against the vibrating plate, it sends vibration waves toward the vibrating plate and loosens the soil.

4. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration assembly includes: An outer casing, the outer casing being mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic member, and an installation space being formed within the outer casing; and, An electromagnetic vibrating element is installed in the installation space. The electromagnetic vibrating element can send vibration waves to the vibrating plate through the outer shell and loosen the soil.

5. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The vibration assembly also includes sound-absorbing cotton, which fills the installation space.

6. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The vibration assembly also includes a shock-absorbing pad, which is installed at the connection between the outer shell and the telescopic member.

7. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The vibration assembly also includes a damping spring, which is installed in the installation space, and the electromagnetic vibrator is installed on the damping spring.

8. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The soil suction and discharge mechanism includes: A suction pipe passes through the connecting hole and is sealed and connected to the suction hole. A filter screen is provided on the suction pipe near the suction hole. A vacuum pump, installed within the prefabricated pipe section, connected to the suction and discharge pipe, capable of suctioning and discharging the soil loosened by the vibration loosening mechanism; and... A suction and discharge conveying assembly is installed on the vacuum pump and is connected to the slag discharge component. The suction and discharge conveying assembly can transport the soil suctioned and discharged by the vacuum pump to the slag discharge component.

9. The anti-lock device for pipe jacking machines as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The suction and discharge conveying assembly includes a connector and a conveying pipe. The connector is installed on the vacuum pump, and the two ends of the conveying pipe are respectively connected to the connector and the slag discharge component. The conveying pipe can transport the soil suctioned and discharged by the vacuum pump to the slag discharge component.

10. A method for preventing pipe jacking machine from locking during construction, characterized in that, The anti-locking device for the pipe jacking machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the anti-locking construction method for the pipe jacking machine includes the following steps: Real-time resistance data of the pipe jacking machine during the jacking process is collected. Determine whether the real-time resistance data triggers a preset warning condition; wherein, the preset warning condition is that the resistance generated by the pipe jacking machine during the jacking process is greater than the maximum jacking thrust; When the preset warning condition is triggered, the anti-lock device of the pipe jacking machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is controlled to loosen the soil and complete the soil suction and discharge operation. Continue collecting the current resistance data of the pipe jacking machine; When the current resistance data no longer triggers the preset warning condition, the suction and discharge operation on the soil is stopped and the pipe jacking machine continues to advance.

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