High-altitude mine oxygenation circulating ventilation system and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-altitude mine oxygenation circulating ventilation system and a using method thereof. The high-altitude mine oxygenation circulating ventilation system comprises a transverse rotational flow pre-dedusting device, a secondary dirty air purification device, an air flow control device, an oxygen-enriched fresh air generation device, an oxygen fresh air conveying device, a wireless receiving and control system and the like. Downhole dirty air is conveyed through the compressed air pipeline, large-particle-size dust and medium-particle-size dust are separated in a grading mode through the transverse rotational flow dust pre-removal device, small-particle-size dust and tiny dust are intercepted through the second-stage dirty air purification device, and nitric oxide and oxycarbide are adsorbed. The airflow control device monitors gas parameters in real time; a novel phase change temperature control material is coated on a main gas transmission pipeline, an oxygen storage device dynamically adjusts oxygen, and oxygen-enriched fresh air accurately covers an operation breathing area through an annular nozzle; and when the conventional air source is abnormal, the standby oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device supplies the air emergently. According to the invention, purification, oxygenation and temperature control are integrated, operation safety requirements are met, personnel health and operation continuity are guaranteed, energy consumption is optimized, and the device is adaptive to high-altitude complex working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology in mines, and in particular to an oxygen-enriched circulating ventilation system for high-altitude mines and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude mining operations face the dual challenges of oxygen deficiency and air pollution, becoming a core bottleneck restricting the safe development of mineral resources on plateaus. The atmospheric pressure in this region is only 50%-60% of that in plains areas. Although the oxygen volume fraction remains around 20.9%, the significant decrease in oxygen partial pressure leads to a substantial reduction in oxygen mass concentration, directly causing a sharp decline in the working capacity of workers and even inducing related diseases. Furthermore, cutting operations at the mine face generate large amounts of dust, primarily composed of particles smaller than 40μm. When combined with equipment exhaust, the dust concentration can exceed 1g / m³, severely damaging the respiratory system of workers and potentially contaminating oxygen supply equipment, causing secondary hazards and further exacerbating the complexity of the working environment.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have significant limitations and lack effective synergistic design: Regarding oxygen supply, while centralized low-temperature oxygen production yields high purity, it requires a large footprint and incurs investment costs 20%-50% higher than the PSA method, making it unsuitable for mobile underground operations. The PSA method, while highly adaptable to various environments, is susceptible to airflow disturbances, resulting in oxygen utilization rates below 60%. Local oxygen delivery pipelines and other devices generally suffer from uneven oxygen distribution and lack integrated purification functions, leading to nozzle clogging by dust. Regarding air purification, high-altitude, low-pressure environments reduce air density and weaken fluid dust-carrying capacity. While conventional pressure-extraction ventilation can reduce dust concentration along the route, it increases dust settling by over 30%, posing a risk of secondary re-entrainment. While wall-mounted ventilation ducts and air curtains can achieve localized dust control, they fail to synergize with the oxygen supply system, leaving the purified fresh air in a low-oxygen state, thus failing to simultaneously address both core issues.

[0004] Furthermore, existing high-altitude mine wastewater treatment and oxygen supply systems mostly operate independently, lacking effective integrated design. They primarily employ traditional models of "purification before oxygen supply" or "oxygen supply while ventilation," failing to achieve energy coupling between wastewater purification and fresh air oxygenation, resulting in high system energy consumption and poor overall performance. For example, while air-supported membrane structures can achieve pressurization and oxygenation, they require the installation of independent dust removal ducts, increasing system energy consumption by over 40%. Zonal pressurization ventilation schemes only focus on oxygen concentration control, lacking the ability to simultaneously treat dust and harmful gases. With the continued development of plateau mineral resources, mine depth and altitude are increasing simultaneously, further intensifying the complexity of the underground working environment. Existing technologies are no longer sufficient to meet the gas environment requirements of high-altitude mine operations: "underground oxygen volume fraction ≥20%, dust concentration ≤2mg / m³". 3 "a rigid requirement."

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated system that can synergistically achieve efficient purification of polluted air, precise oxygen supply, and optimized energy consumption control to solve the safety challenges in the special environment of high-altitude mines, ensure the health and safety of workers and the continuity of operations, and promote the safe and sustainable development of plateau mineral resources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a high-altitude mine oxygenation and circulation ventilation system and its usage method. By integrating two-stage dust removal and harmful gas adsorption and purification, precise oxygen supply, and wireless monitoring and control functions, and with phase change temperature control and backup protection, it achieves coordinated purification and oxygen supply and optimizes energy consumption, ensuring the safety and continuity of high-altitude mine operations.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a high-altitude mine oxygen-enriched circulating ventilation system, including a transverse swirl pre-dust removal device, a two-stage polluted air purification device, an airflow control device, a compressed air pipeline, an oxygen-enriched fresh air generator, an oxygen fresh air delivery device, a clean air storage device, an oxygen storage device, a backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device, and a wireless receiving and control system. The transverse vortex pre-dust removal device is connected in series with the secondary polluted air purification device for primary dust removal of underground polluted air; the secondary polluted air purification device is connected in series with the airflow control device for deep purification of the gas after primary purification; the airflow control device is connected with the oxygen fresh air delivery device for real-time monitoring of purified gas parameters and regulating airflow interruption; the compressed air pipeline is installed above the roadway for delivering underground polluted air to the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device; the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator is sealed and connected to the main gas delivery pipeline of the oxygen fresh air delivery device for delivering oxygen-enriched fresh air to the work area; the oxygen fresh air delivery device is connected to the clean air storage device, the oxygen storage device, and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device for achieving airflow mixing, temperature control, and backup gas source switching; the clean air storage device and the oxygen storage device each have a built-in gas detection system for monitoring internal gas quality and safety; the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device is located on one side of the work area for emergency supply of oxygen-enriched fresh air; the wireless receiving and control system is communicatively connected to each wireless sensor and actuator for receiving monitoring information and issuing control commands.

[0008] Furthermore, the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device includes cyclone fan blades, ellipsoidal cyclone separators, a support structure, an outlet pipe, a device housing, and a dust collection bin; the cyclone fan blades are fixedly mounted on the device housing, the ellipsoidal cyclone separators are fixedly mounted on the outlet pipe through the support structure, the dust collection bin is sealed to the device housing, and the outlet pipe is connected to the secondary wastewater purification device. The transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device uses cyclone fan blades to initially separate dust particles with a diameter ≥40μm from the polluted air, and then uses ellipsoidal cyclone separators to further separate dust particles with a diameter 10μm-40μm. The separated dust particles are collected in the dust collection bin under gravity, and the pre-purified gas is introduced into the secondary polluted air purification device through the outlet pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the secondary wastewater purification device includes a small-mesh filter, an alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device, a manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device, a filter cartridge dust removal device, a pulse cleaning device, a negative pressure exhaust device, and an outer shell protection device. The secondary wastewater purification device is connected in series between the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device and the airflow control device. The small-mesh filter is assembled between the outer shell protection device and the filter cleaning chamber. The alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device and the manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device are sequentially arranged between the small-mesh filter and the cartridge dust collector. The cartridge dust collector is fixed to the support frame and installed between the outer shell protection device and the cartridge cleaning chamber. The pulse cleaning device is rigidly connected to the support frame. The negative pressure exhaust device is arranged on the rear side of the cartridge dust collector. After preliminary purification by the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device, the gas enters the secondary waste gas purification device. First, it passes through a small-mesh filter to trap dust particles with a diameter ≤10μm. Then, it passes through an alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device to adsorb nitrogen oxides and a manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device to adsorb carbon oxides. Finally, it passes through a cartridge dust collector to trap micro-particles with a diameter ≤0.3μm. When the pressure drop of the cartridge dust collector reaches the set threshold, the pulse cleaning device is activated. The high-pressure pulse airflow cleans the cartridge dust collector, and the airflow vibration simultaneously drives the small-mesh filter to clean. The detached dust is collected in the cartridge cleaning chamber and the filter screen cleaning chamber, respectively. The negative pressure exhaust device maintains a negative pressure exhaust state throughout the process.

[0010] Furthermore, the airflow control device includes a wirelessly adjustable air curtain device, an air curtain panel, a wireless dust concentration sensor, a wireless carbon monoxide sensor, a wireless nitrogen oxide sensor, and a wirelessly controllable alarm light. The airflow control device is located between the secondary waste air purification device and the oxygen fresh air delivery device. The wireless adjustable air curtain device is installed on the side of the air curtain plate. The wireless dust concentration detection sensor, carbon monoxide wireless sensor, and nitrogen oxide wireless sensor are embedded inside the air curtain plate. The wireless controllable alarm light is fixed above the air curtain plate. The compressed air pipe is installed above the roadway and is used to deliver underground waste air to the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device. The airflow control device uses wireless sensors for dust concentration detection, carbon monoxide detection, and nitrogen oxide detection to monitor the parameters of the purified gas in real time. When the parameters exceed the standard, the wireless sensors for dust concentration detection, carbon monoxide detection, and nitrogen oxide detection simultaneously send signals to the wireless receiving and control system and the wirelessly controllable alarm light. The wirelessly controllable alarm light activates the alarm, the wireless receiving and control system drives the wirelessly adjustable air curtain device to close the air curtain panel, and at the same time, the clean air delivery control device automatically turns on, and the clean air storage device delivers clean air to the main gas pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator is sealed and connected to the main gas supply pipeline of the oxygen fresh air delivery device; the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator includes a support plate and an annular airflow nozzle installed in the support plate, the annular airflow nozzle sprays an annular airflow band into the roadway, the vertical height is 0.5m-1.5m from the bottom of the roadway, and the horizontal coverage range is adapted to the working area.

[0012] Furthermore, the oxygen fresh air delivery device includes a connecting box, a fresh air delivery pipe, a clean air delivery control device, an oxygen delivery control device, an oxygen delivery pipe, a main gas delivery pipeline, a backup fresh air delivery pipeline, and a backup fresh air control device. The connecting box is simultaneously sealed and connected to the main gas pipeline and the airflow control device. The two ends of the fresh air delivery pipe are respectively connected to the clean air storage device and the main gas pipeline. The clean air delivery control device is connected in series with the fresh air delivery pipe. The oxygen delivery control device is installed on the oxygen delivery pipe. The two ends of the oxygen delivery pipe are respectively connected to the oxygen storage device and the main gas pipeline. The backup fresh air delivery pipe is connected to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device. The backup fresh air control device is connected in series with the backup fresh air delivery pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas transmission main pipeline is equipped with a wireless air temperature sensor, and the inner wall is coated with a new phase change temperature control material; the wireless air temperature sensor monitors the air temperature inside the pipeline, and sends an early warning signal to the wireless receiving and control system when the temperature is lower than a preset threshold. The novel phase change temperature control material automatically regulates the airflow temperature; the novel phase change temperature control material has the following composition by mass percentage: 35% microencapsulated phase change core material, 40% water-based acrylic emulsion, 5% nano-silica, 1.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 3% polyethylene glycol 400, 2% organosilane coupling agent, and 12.5% ​​deionized water; the microencapsulated phase change core material is a palmitic acid-stearic acid-lauric acid composite system with a phase change temperature of 28℃.

[0014] Furthermore, the clean air storage device is sealed to the fresh air delivery pipe, and has an internal air detection system. A clean air wireless alarm light is fixedly installed on the top of the main body. The air detection system of the clean air storage device monitors the internal gas quality and safety in real time. When a safety hazard is detected, it sends a signal to the wireless receiving and control system. The wireless receiving and control system then controls the clean air delivery control device to shut down and simultaneously activates the backup fresh air control device. The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device supplies oxygen-enriched fresh air to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator.

[0015] Furthermore, the oxygen storage device is sealed to the oxygen delivery pipe, the oxygen storage device has a built-in oxygen detection system, and an oxygen wireless alarm light is fixed on the top of the main body; the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device is located on one side of the worker's work area and is sealed to the backup fresh air delivery pipe. The oxygen detection system of the oxygen storage device monitors the internal gas quality and safety in real time. When a safety hazard is detected, it sends a signal to the wireless receiving and control system. The wireless receiving and control system then controls the oxygen delivery control device to shut down and simultaneously activates the backup fresh air control device. The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device supplies oxygen-enriched fresh air to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for using a high-altitude mine precision oxygenation and circulation ventilation system, which includes the following steps: S1: Before mining operations, complete the system initialization preparation work: confirm that the compressed air pipeline is sealed and connected to the underground roadway, turn on the negative pressure exhaust device of the secondary waste air purification device, start the wireless receiving and control system, and turn on the dust concentration detection wireless sensor, carbon monoxide wireless sensor, nitrogen oxide wireless sensor of the airflow control device, as well as the air detection system of the clean air storage device and the oxygen detection system of the oxygen storage device, to ensure that all sensors, valves and actuators are in standby mode. S2: After the mine operation starts, the compressed air pipeline continuously sends the underground sludge air into the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device. After the initial cyclone by the cyclone fan blades, the dust particles with a diameter ≥40μm are separated by centrifugal force. The sludge air after the initial cyclone flows through the ellipsoidal cyclone separator for secondary cyclone separation, separating the dust particles with a diameter of 10μm-40μm. The separated dust falls into the dust collection bin by gravity. The gas that has been preliminarily purified by the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device enters the secondary sludge air purification device through the outlet pipe. S3: In the two-stage waste gas purification device, the gas passes sequentially through a small-mesh filter to trap dust particles with a diameter <10μm, an alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device to adsorb nitrogen oxides, a manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device to adsorb carbon oxides, and a cartridge dust collector to trap dust particles with a diameter <0.3μm, achieving deep purification of the waste gas; the negative pressure exhaust device maintains negative pressure throughout the process to ensure stable airflow; when the pressure drop of the cartridge dust collector reaches the set threshold, the pulse cleaning device is activated to simultaneously clean the cartridge dust collector and the small-mesh filter, and the detached dust is collected in the cartridge cleaning chamber and the filter screen cleaning chamber respectively; S4: Gas that has undergone deep purification by the secondary waste gas purification device enters the airflow control device. The airflow control device uses wireless sensors for dust concentration, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides to monitor gas parameters in real time. If the dust concentration, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxide content are all within the safety threshold, the wireless receiving and control system maintains the wireless adjustable air curtain device in the open state. The purified gas enters the main gas pipeline through the connecting box and mixes with the oxygen supplied by the oxygen storage device to form oxygen-enriched fresh air. The new phase change temperature control material on the inner wall of the main gas pipeline automatically regulates the airflow temperature to 22-28℃, and the air temperature wireless sensor monitors and feeds back the temperature data in real time. The oxygen-enriched fresh air is delivered to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator through the main gas pipeline and sprays an annular airflow band into the working area through the annular airflow nozzle to supply fresh air to the personnel underground. If the dust concentration, carbon monoxide, or nitrogen oxide content detected by the airflow control device exceeds the standard, the wirelessly controllable alarm light will activate the on-site alarm, and the wireless receiving and control system will drive the wirelessly adjustable air curtain device to close the air curtain panel, cutting off the flow of unqualified gas to the work area; at the same time, the normally closed clean air delivery control device will automatically open, and the clean air in the clean air storage device will be delivered to the main gas pipeline through the fresh air delivery pipe to temporarily supply the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator. After the fault is cleared, the clean air delivery control device will be manually shut down. S7: If the air detection system or oxygen detection system detects a safety hazard in the gas, the wireless receiving and control system will simultaneously shut down the clean air delivery control device and the oxygen delivery control device to cut off the conventional gas source; at the same time, the backup fresh air control device will be activated, and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air in the system will be delivered to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator through the backup fresh air delivery pipeline to ensure the continuity of operation and the safety of personnel. S8: After the operation is completed, first turn off the sludge extraction function of the compressed air duct, then stop the operation of the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device and the secondary sludge purification device in sequence, then turn off the wireless receiving and control system and various sensors, and finally check and clean the dust in the dust collection bin, filter cartridge cleaning bin and filter screen cleaning bin to complete the system shutdown.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention integrates waste air purification, fresh air oxygen supply, wireless monitoring and temperature control modules to achieve energy coupling between purification and oxygen supply. It eliminates the need for additional independent pipelines, solves the problems of redundancy and high energy consumption in existing technology systems, and significantly improves overall operating efficiency.

[0018] 2. This invention adopts a combination design of two-stage cyclone dust removal, targeted adsorption and pulse cleaning. First, the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device separates large and medium-sized dust particles, and then the secondary purification device intercepts micro particles and adsorbs harmful gases, simultaneously solving the problems of secondary dust re-entrainment and harmful gas residue under high altitude and low air pressure, and meeting the requirements of safety regulations.

[0019] 3. This invention uses the annular airflow nozzle of the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator to evenly spray oxygen-enriched fresh air into the working area. Combined with the precise control of the oxygen fresh air delivery device, it solves the problems of easy diffusion, uneven distribution and low utilization rate of existing oxygen supply, and ensures sufficient oxygen supply for personnel underground.

[0020] 4. This invention is equipped with a multi-parameter wireless sensor and a wireless receiving control system to monitor parameters such as gas quality and temperature in real time. When the parameters exceed the standard, it automatically cuts off the unqualified gas and starts emergency gas sources such as clean air and backup oxygen-enriched fresh air, providing dual protection for the continuity of operation and personnel safety, and making up for the shortcomings of existing technologies in lacking real-time control and emergency protection.

[0021] 5. This invention coats the inner wall of the main gas pipeline with a novel phase change temperature control material, and combines it with a wireless wind temperature sensor to automatically stabilize the airflow temperature within a suitable range. This is suitable for high-altitude and cold working conditions, solves the problems of no temperature control and poor working environment comfort in existing technologies, and reduces the risk of altitude sickness.

[0022] 6. This invention uses a pulse cleaning device to simultaneously clean the filter screen and filter cartridge, preventing dust from clogging the equipment. Furthermore, the new phase change temperature control material is non-toxic, weather-resistant, and suitable for humid and dusty working conditions, extending the service life of the equipment and improving the reliability of the system in complex environments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-altitude mine waste air purification and fresh air oxygen supply system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a two-stage wastewater purification device; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a secondary wastewater purification device; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow control device. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a safe oxygen-enriched fresh air delivery system; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an oxygen-enriched fresh air generator. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the main gas pipeline; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a clean air storage device. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an oxygen storage device. Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the method for using the high-altitude mine wastewater purification and fresh air oxygen supply system of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device; 11. Cyclone fan blade; 12. Ellipsoidal cyclone separator; 13. Support structure; 14. Outlet pipe; 15. Device casing; 16. Dust collection bin; 2. Secondary wastewater purification device; 21. Small mesh filter; 211. Filter cleaning bin; 22. Alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device; 23. Manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device; 24. Cartridge dust collector; 241. Filter cleaning bin; 242. Support frame; 25. Pulse cleaning device; 26. Negative pressure exhaust device; 27. Casing protection device; 3. Airflow control device; 31. Wireless adjustable air curtain device; 32. Air curtain plate; 33. Wireless sensor for dust concentration detection; 34. Wireless sensor for carbon monoxide; 35. Wireless sensor for nitrogen oxides; 36. 4. Wireless controllable alarm light; 5. Compressed air duct; 6. Oxygen-enriched fresh air generator; 7. Support plate; 8. Annular airflow nozzle; 9. Oxygen fresh air delivery device; 10. Connecting box; 11. Fresh air delivery pipe; 12. Clean air delivery control device; 13. Oxygen delivery control device; 14. Oxygen delivery pipe; 15. Main gas delivery pipeline; 16. Air temperature wireless sensor; 17. New phase change temperature control material; 18. Backup fresh air delivery pipeline; 19. Backup fresh air control device; 20. Clean air storage device; 10. Clean air wireless alarm light; 11. Air detection system; 22. Oxygen storage device; 33. Oxygen wireless alarm light; 44. Oxygen detection system; 55. Annular airflow nozzle; 66. Main gas delivery pipeline; 11. Air temperature wireless sensor; 12. New phase change temperature control material; 13. Backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device; 14. Wireless receiving and control system. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] This invention discloses an oxygen-enriched circulating ventilation system for high-altitude mines.

[0027] Reference Figure 1A high-altitude mine oxygenation and circulation ventilation system is designed for mines at altitudes ≥3000 meters. It addresses the dual challenges of oxygen deficiency and polluted air. The system mainly comprises a transverse swirl pre-dust removal device 1, a secondary polluted air purification device 2, an airflow control device 3, a compressed air duct 4, an oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5, an oxygen-enriched fresh air delivery device 6, a clean air storage device 7, an oxygen storage device 8, a backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9, and a wireless receiving and control system 10. The transverse swirl pre-dust removal device 1 is connected in series with the secondary polluted air purification device 2 for primary dust removal of underground polluted air. The secondary polluted air purification device 2 is connected in series with the airflow control device 3 for further purification of the gas after primary purification. The airflow control device 3 is connected to the oxygen-enriched fresh air delivery device 6 to monitor the parameters of the purified gas in real time and regulate the airflow. The compressed air duct 4 is installed above the roadway to deliver underground polluted air to the transverse swirl pre-dust removal device 1. The oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 is sealed and connected to the main air delivery duct 66 of the oxygen-enriched fresh air delivery device 6 to supply air to the working area. The system delivers oxygen-enriched fresh air to the area. The oxygen fresh air delivery device 6 is connected to the clean air storage device 7, the oxygen storage device 8, and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9, respectively, for airflow mixing, temperature control, and backup gas source switching. The clean air storage device 7 and the oxygen storage device 8 each have built-in gas detection systems to monitor internal gas quality and safety. The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9 is located on one side of the work area for emergency oxygen-enriched fresh air supply. The wireless receiving and control system 10 communicates with various wireless sensors and actuators to receive monitoring information and issue control commands. All devices form a collaborative working system through sealed pipelines and wireless communication links, achieving integrated operation of polluted air purification, precise oxygenation, temperature control, and emergency support.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 The transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device 1 is used for graded dust removal of underground sludge. It includes a cyclone fan blade 11, an ellipsoidal cyclone separator 12, a support structure 13, an outlet pipe 14, a device shell 15, and a dust collection bin 16. The cyclone fan blade 11 is fixed inside the device shell 15 and rotates at high speed during operation. It uses centrifugal force to perform initial cyclone removal of the sludge, efficiently separating large dust particles with a diameter ≥40μm. The ellipsoidal cyclone separator 12 is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe 14 through the support structure 13. It performs secondary cyclone removal of the airflow after the initial cyclone removal, further separating medium-diameter dust particles with a diameter of 10μm-40μm. The separated dust falls into the dust collection bin 16 for temporary storage under gravity. The pre-purified gas is introduced into the secondary sludge removal device 2 through the outlet pipe 14. This graded dust removal design effectively avoids the problem of secondary dust re-entrainment caused by a single dust removal method.

[0029] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The secondary waste gas purification device 2 is connected in series between the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device 1 and the airflow control device 3. It is used to perform deep purification of the primary purified gas. It includes a small mesh filter 21, an alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device 22, a manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device 23, a filter cartridge dust removal device 24, a pulse cleaning device 25, a negative pressure exhaust device 26, an outer shell protection device 27, a filter screen cleaning chamber 211, and a filter cartridge cleaning chamber 241. The small-mesh filter 21, with a pore size ≤10μm, is installed between the outer casing 27 and the filter cleaning chamber 211 to trap small dust particles with a particle size ≤10μm. The alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device 22 and the manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device 23 are sequentially arranged between the small-mesh filter 21 and the cartridge dust collector 24. When gas flows through them, they can specifically adsorb nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides respectively. The cartridge dust collector 24, with a filtration accuracy ≤0.3μm, is fixed to the support frame 242 and installed between the outer casing 27 and the cartridge cleaning chamber 241 to trap... Micro-particle dust with a particle size ≤0.3μm is used to achieve all-dimensional gas purification; the pulse cleaning device 25 is rigidly connected to the support frame 242. When the pressure drop of the filter cartridge dust collector 24 reaches the set threshold, it will automatically start and clean the filter cartridge through high-pressure pulse airflow. The airflow vibration can also drive the small mesh filter screen 21 to clean the dust. The detached dust is collected in the filter cartridge cleaning chamber 241 and the filter screen cleaning chamber 211 respectively; the negative pressure exhaust device 26 is arranged on the rear side of the filter cartridge dust collector 24, maintaining a negative pressure state throughout the process, providing power for stable airflow and ensuring stable purification efficiency.

[0030] Reference Figure 5 The airflow control device 3 is located between the secondary waste air purification device 2 and the oxygen fresh air delivery device 6, forming the core node for gas quality control. It includes a wireless adjustable air curtain device 31, an air curtain plate 32, a dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33, a carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34, a nitrogen oxide wireless sensor 35, and a wireless controllable alarm light 36. A wireless adjustable air curtain device 31 is installed on the side of the air curtain panel 32. A dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33, a carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34, and a nitrogen oxide wireless sensor 35 are embedded inside the air curtain panel 32, which can detect the dust concentration, carbon monoxide content, and nitrogen oxide content of the purified gas in real time. A wireless controllable alarm light 36 is fixed above the air curtain panel 32. When any sensor detects that the parameter exceeds the standard, it will simultaneously send a signal to the wireless receiving and control system 10 and the wireless controllable alarm light 36. The wireless controllable alarm light 36 will immediately activate the alarm. The wireless receiving and control system 10 will drive the wireless adjustable air curtain device 31 to close the air curtain panel 32, cutting off the delivery path of unqualified gas to the work area. At the same time, the normally closed clean air delivery control device 63 will automatically open, and the clean air storage device 7 will deliver clean air to the main gas pipeline 66 to ensure the breathing safety of the workers.

[0031] The compressed air duct 4 is installed above the roadway with an initial air pressure of not less than 0.4MPa. During operation, it continuously delivers underground sewage air to the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device 1 with an air pressure of 0.4-0.6MPa, providing an airflow source for the entire purification process.

[0032] Reference Figure 7 The oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 and the oxygen fresh air delivery device 6 are sealed and connected to the main air supply pipeline 66. The pipeline includes a support plate 51 and an annular airflow nozzle 52. The annular airflow nozzle 52 sprays an annular airflow band into the tunnel. The vertical height is set to 0.5m-1.5m from the bottom of the tunnel to match the human breathing height range. The horizontal coverage width is ≥3m to match the work area. The outlet wind speed is maintained at 0.3-0.5m / s to ensure that the oxygen-enriched fresh air evenly covers the work area and avoids oxygen diffusion and waste.

[0033] Reference Figure 6 The oxygen fresh air delivery device 6 is the key to realizing airflow mixing, temperature control, and backup gas source switching. It includes a connecting box 61, a fresh air delivery pipe 62, a clean air delivery control device 63, an oxygen delivery control device 64, an oxygen delivery pipe 65, a main gas delivery pipe 66, a backup fresh air delivery pipe 67, and a backup fresh air control device 68. The connecting box 61 is sealed and connected to both the main gas delivery pipe 66 and the airflow control device 3. The two ends of the fresh air delivery pipe 62 are connected to the clean air storage device 7 and the main gas delivery pipe 66, respectively. The clean air delivery control device 63 is connected in series with the fresh air delivery pipe 62. The two ends of the oxygen delivery pipe 65 are connected to the oxygen storage device 8 and the main gas delivery pipe 66, respectively. The oxygen delivery control device 64 is mounted on the oxygen delivery pipe 65.

[0034] Reference Figure 8 The gas transmission main pipeline 66 is internally equipped with a wireless air temperature sensor 661, which feeds back temperature data to the control system once at a preset time. The inner wall is coated with a new phase change temperature control material 662. The new phase change temperature control material 662, by mass percentage, is composed of 35% microencapsulated phase change core material, 40% water-based acrylic emulsion, 5% nano silica, 1.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 3% polyethylene glycol 400, 2% organosilane coupling agent, and 12.5% ​​deionized water. Among them, the microencapsulated phase change core material is a palmitic acid-stearic acid-lauric acid composite system with a phase change temperature of 28℃; the glass transition temperature of the waterborne acrylic emulsion is -15℃; nano silica is used to enhance thermal conductivity and adhesion strength; hydroxyethyl cellulose is used as a thickening and stabilizing agent; polyethylene glycol 400 is used as a phase change medium dispersant; and organosilane coupling agent can improve interfacial bonding.

[0035] The coating slurry is prepared by high-speed dispersion at 3000 r / min and homogenization by ultrasonication at 20 kHz for 30 min, resulting in a uniform coating slurry. This novel phase change temperature control material 662 is non-toxic, odorless, and highly weather-resistant, making it suitable for the complex working conditions of humid and dusty mine roadways at high altitudes. Furthermore, no volatile harmful substances are released during the entire preparation and use process, ensuring the safety of underground workers. Its working principle is as follows: when the airflow temperature inside the pipe rises to 28-32℃, the phase change medium inside the microcapsule absorbs heat and undergoes a solid-liquid phase change, inhibiting the temperature rise; when the temperature is below 20℃, the phase change medium releases latent heat and undergoes a liquid-solid phase change, stabilizing the airflow temperature within the suitable range of 22-28℃. The backup fresh air delivery pipe 67 is connected to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9, respectively. The backup fresh air control device 68 is installed on the backup fresh air delivery pipe 67 for emergency air source switching.

[0036] Reference Figure 9 The clean air storage device 7 is sealed to the fresh air delivery pipe 62, and the internal pressure is maintained at 0.3-0.5MPa. It has a built-in air detection system 72 and a clean air wireless alarm light 71 is fixed on the top of the main body. The air detection system 72 monitors the internal gas quality and safety in real time. When it detects safety hazards such as substandard purity or leakage, it will immediately send a signal to the wireless receiving and control system 10. The control system will simultaneously control the clean air delivery control device 63 to shut down and start the backup fresh air control device 68. The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9 supplies oxygen-enriched fresh air to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5.

[0037] Reference Figure 10 The oxygen storage device 8 is sealed to the oxygen delivery pipe 65, with an oxygen purity ≥93%. It has an internal oxygen detection system 82 and a fixed oxygen wireless alarm light 81 on top. The system dynamically adjusts the oxygen output according to altitude differences, maintaining the oxygen volume fraction of the mixed oxygen-enriched fresh air at 23%-27%. The oxygen detection system 82 monitors gas safety in real time. When a safety hazard is detected, it triggers the oxygen wireless alarm light 81 and sends a signal to the wireless receiving and control system 10. The control system then shuts down the oxygen delivery control device 64 and activates the backup gas source. A backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9 is located on one side of the work area, with a filling volume of no less than 80% of the total volume. It is sealed to the backup fresh air delivery pipe 67 to ensure operational continuity in emergency situations.

[0038] The wireless receiving and control system 10 is installed in the control room and establishes communication connections with various wireless sensors and actuators. It can receive monitoring information in real time and issue control commands to achieve coordinated linkage of functions such as purification, oxygenation, temperature control, and emergency response.

[0039] The present invention also discloses a method for using a precision oxygenation and circulation ventilation system for high-altitude mines.

[0040] Reference Figure 11 A method for using a high-altitude mine precision oxygenation and circulation ventilation system, comprising the following steps: S1: Before mining operations, complete the system initialization preparation work: confirm that the compressed air pipeline 4 is sealed and connected to the underground roadway, and can continuously pressurize fresh air to the surface; at the same time, turn on the negative pressure exhaust device 26 of the secondary waste air purification device 2, start the wireless receiving and control system 10, and turn on the dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33, carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34, nitrogen oxide wireless sensor 35 of the airflow control device 3, the air detection system 72 of the clean air storage device 7, and the oxygen detection system 82 of the oxygen storage device 8, to ensure that all sensors, valves and actuators are in standby mode.

[0041] S2: After the mine operation starts, the compressed air pipeline 4 continuously sends the underground sewage air into the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device 1. After the initial cyclone by the cyclone fan blades 11, the large-diameter dust with a particle size ≥40μm is separated by centrifugal force. The sewage air after the initial cyclone flows through the ellipsoidal cyclone separator 12 for secondary cyclone separation, separating medium-diameter dust with a particle size of 10μm-40μm. The separated dust falls into the dust collection bin 16 under gravity. The gas that has been initially purified by the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device 1 enters the secondary sewage air purification device 2 through the outlet pipe 14.

[0042] S3: In the secondary waste gas purification device 2, the gas passes sequentially through a small-mesh filter 21 to trap small-particle dust with a particle size <10μm, an alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device 22 to adsorb nitrogen oxides, a manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device 23 to adsorb carbon oxides, and a cartridge dust collector 24 to trap dust with a particle size <0.3μm, achieving deep purification of the waste gas; the negative pressure exhaust device 26 maintains negative pressure throughout the process to ensure stable airflow; when the pressure drop of the cartridge dust collector 24 reaches the set threshold, the pulse cleaning device 25 is activated to simultaneously clean the cartridge dust collector 24 and the small-mesh filter 21, and the detached dust is collected in the cartridge cleaning chamber 241 and the filter screen cleaning chamber 211 respectively; S4: The gas, after being deeply purified by the secondary waste gas purification device 2, enters the airflow control device 3. The dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33, carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34, and nitrogen oxide wireless sensor 35 of the airflow control device 3 monitor the gas parameters in real time.

[0043] If the dust concentration, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxide content are all within the safety threshold, the wireless receiving and control system 10 maintains the wireless adjustable air curtain device 31 in the open state. The purified gas enters the main gas transmission pipeline 66 through the connecting box 61 and mixes with the oxygen supplied by the oxygen storage device 8 to form oxygen-enriched fresh air. The new phase change temperature control material 662 on the inner wall of the main gas transmission pipeline 66 automatically regulates the airflow temperature to a suitable range of 22-28℃. The air temperature wireless sensor device 661 monitors in real time and feeds back the temperature data to the wireless receiving and control system 10. The oxygen-enriched fresh air formed by the mixture is transported to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 through the main gas transmission pipeline 66. The annular airflow nozzle 52 sprays an annular airflow band into the working area. The vertical height of the airflow band is 0.5m-1.5m from the bottom of the roadway, and the horizontal coverage covers the working area, providing the underground personnel with oxygen-rich and temperature-appropriate breathing fresh air.

[0044] If the dust concentration, carbon monoxide, or nitrogen oxide content detected by the airflow control device 3 exceeds the standard, the wirelessly controllable alarm light 36 will activate the on-site alarm, and the wireless receiving and control system 10 will drive the wirelessly adjustable air curtain device 31 to close the air curtain panel 32, cutting off the flow of unqualified gas to the work area; at the same time, the normally closed clean air delivery control device 63 will automatically open, and the clean air in the clean air storage device 7 will be delivered to the main gas pipeline 66 through the fresh air delivery pipe 62 to temporarily supply the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 until the staff has investigated and repaired the fault of the secondary waste air purification device 2, and then manually shut down the clean air delivery control device 63.

[0045] S5: If the air detection system 72 or the oxygen detection system 82 detects a safety hazard in the gas, it immediately sends a signal to the wireless receiving and control system 10: The wireless receiving and control system 10 simultaneously shuts down the clean air delivery control device 63 and the oxygen delivery control device 64, cutting off the conventional gas source; at the same time, it starts the backup fresh air control device 68, and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air in it is delivered to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 through the backup fresh air delivery pipe 67, ensuring the continuity of operation and the safety of personnel.

[0046] S6: After the operation is completed, first turn off the sewage extraction function of the compressed air duct 4, then stop the operation of the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device 1 and the secondary sewage purification device 2 in sequence, then turn off the wireless receiving and control system 10 and various sensors, and finally check and clean the dust in the dust collection bin 16, the filter cartridge cleaning bin 241 and the filter screen cleaning bin 211 to complete the system shutdown.

[0047] Specific examples of integrated purification and oxygen supply implementation in conventional operations of high-altitude mines are as follows: Step 1: 20 minutes before mine operations, complete system initialization preparation: Confirm that the compressed air pipeline 4 is sealed and connected to the underground roadway, and that the initial air pressure in the pipeline is not less than 0.4MPa, which can continuously pressurize fresh air to the surface; check that the negative pressure exhaust device 26 of the secondary waste air purification device 2 is powered normally, and that the filter cleaning chamber 211 and the filter cartridge cleaning chamber 241 are empty; confirm that the pressure in the clean air storage device 7 is maintained at 0.3-0.5MPa, the oxygen purity of the oxygen storage device 8 is ≥93%, and the filling volume of the standby oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9 is not less than 80% of the total volume; the operators wear protective masks, start the wireless receiving and control system 10, activate the dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33, carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34, nitrogen oxide wireless sensor 35, air detection system 72, and oxygen detection system 82 of the airflow control device 3, and ensure that the response delay of all sensors is ≤0.5 seconds, and that the actuators are in standby mode.

[0048] Step 2: After starting the mine tunneling equipment, the compressed air pipeline 4 continuously sends the underground polluted air into the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device 1 at an air pressure of 0.4-0.6MPa. The vortex fan blades 11 on the outer shell 15 of the device rotate at a high speed of 1500r / min to perform the initial vortex on the polluted air, using centrifugal force to separate large dust particles with a diameter ≥40μm. The polluted air after the initial vortex continues to flow through the ellipsoidal vortex generator 12 for secondary vortex, separating medium-diameter dust particles with a diameter of 10-40μm. The separated dust falls into the dust collection bin 16 for temporary storage under the action of gravity. The gas after preliminary purification is introduced into the secondary polluted air purification device 2 through the outlet pipe 14 at a flow rate of 1.2-1.5m / s.

[0049] Step 3: The gas entering the secondary wastewater purification device 2 first passes through a small-mesh filter 21 to trap dust particles with a diameter ≤10μm. Then, it flows sequentially at a flow rate of 0.8-1.0 m / s through an alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device 22 and a manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device 23, specifically adsorbing nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. The adsorption efficiency of the alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device 22 is ≥92%, and the adsorption efficiency of the manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device is ≥88%. Finally, it passes through a filter cartridge dust collector 24 with a filtration accuracy ≤0.3μm to trap dust. Microparticle dust is removed, achieving deep purification of polluted air; the negative pressure exhaust device 26 maintains a negative pressure of -0.02~-0.03MPa throughout the process to ensure stable airflow; when the pressure drop of the filter cartridge dust collector 24 reaches the set threshold of 1.2kPa, the pulse cleaning device 25 is automatically activated, using a high-pressure pulse airflow of 0.5-0.7MPa to clean the filter cartridge, and the airflow vibration synchronously drives the small mesh filter 21 to clean. The detached dust is collected in the filter cartridge cleaning chamber 241 and the filter screen cleaning chamber 211 respectively, with a cleaning cycle of 30 minutes / time.

[0050] Step 4: The deeply purified gas enters the airflow control device 3. Various sensors inside the air curtain 32 monitor gas parameters in real time. If the detected dust concentration is ≤2mg / m³, carbon monoxide is ≤24ppm, and nitrogen oxides are ≤5ppm, the wireless receiving and control system 10 maintains the wireless adjustable air curtain device 31 in the open state. The purified gas enters the main gas transmission pipeline 66 through the connecting box 61. At the same time, the oxygen from the oxygen storage device 8 enters the main gas transmission pipeline 66 through the oxygen delivery pipe 65 at a flow rate of 0.2-0.3m³ / min, mixing with the clean air to form oxygen-rich fresh air with an oxygen volume fraction ≥20.9%. The new phase change temperature control material 662 on the inner wall of the main gas transmission pipeline 66 automatically regulates the airflow temperature. When the temperature inside the pipe is higher than 28℃, it absorbs heat; when it is lower than 22℃, it releases latent heat, stabilizing the airflow temperature in the range of 22-28℃. The air temperature wireless sensor 661 feeds back temperature data to the control system every 5 seconds.

[0051] Step 5: Oxygen-enriched fresh air is transported to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 via the main gas pipeline 66. The annular airflow nozzle 52 installed on the support plate 51 sprays an annular airflow band into the roadway. The vertical height of the airflow band is 0.8-1.2m from the bottom of the roadway, and the horizontal coverage of the working area is ≥3m. The outlet air velocity is maintained at 0.3-0.5m / s, providing oxygen-rich and temperature-appropriate breathing fresh air for 3-5 workers underground.

[0052] Step Six: After the mine operation is completed, shut down the system according to the procedure: First, turn off the sludge extraction function of the compressed air pipeline 4. After the air pressure in the pipeline drops to 0MPa, stop the operation of the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device 1 and the secondary sludge purification device 2 in sequence, and turn off the wireless receiving and control system 10 and various sensors; finally, open the ash discharge valves of the dust collection bin 16, the filter cartridge cleaning bin 241 and the filter screen cleaning bin 211, clean up the collected dust, and check that there is no damage to each device before completing the system shutdown.

[0053] The following are specific case studies of emergency response measures for high-altitude mine purification system failures: Step 1: 20 minutes before mine operations, complete system initialization preparation: Confirm that the compressed air pipeline 4 is sealed and connected to the underground roadway, the compressed air pipeline 4 pressure is ≥0.4MPa, the secondary waste air purification device 2 and the wireless receiving and control system 10 are started normally; the clean air storage device 7 pressure is 0.4MPa, the oxygen storage device 8 oxygen purity is 95%, and the standby oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device 9 is filled to 100%; the operators wear protective masks, start the wireless receiving and control system 10, and activate the dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33, carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34, nitrogen oxide wireless sensor 35, air detection system 72 and oxygen detection system 82 of the airflow control device 3, ensuring that the response delay of all sensors is ≤0.5 seconds and the actuators are in standby mode; among them, the set threshold of the dust concentration detection wireless sensor is ≤2mg / m³, the set threshold of the carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34 is ≤24ppm, and the set threshold of the nitrogen oxide wireless sensor 35 is ≤5ppm.

[0054] Step 2: After the operation starts, the compressed air duct 4 continuously supplies the polluted air. After routine purification by the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device 1 and the secondary polluted air purification device 2, the gas enters the airflow control device 3. After running for 1 hour, due to the blockage of the filter cartridge dust removal device 24 of the secondary polluted air purification device 2, the dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33 detected that the dust concentration rose to 3.5 mg / m³, exceeding the set threshold. The carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34 detected a carbon monoxide content of 28 ppm, exceeding the set threshold.

[0055] Step 3: The dust concentration detection wireless sensor 33 and the carbon monoxide wireless sensor 34 simultaneously send signals to the wireless receiving and control system 10 and the wireless controllable alarm light 36: The wireless controllable alarm light 36 immediately activates, flashing red and yellow lights alternately, and the on-site buzzer emits an 80dB warning sound; within 0.3 seconds, the wireless receiving and control system 10 drives the wireless adjustable air curtain device 31 to completely close the air curtain panel 32, cutting off the transmission path of unqualified gas to the work area; at the same time, the normally closed clean air delivery control device 63 automatically opens, and the clean air in the clean air storage device 7 is delivered to the main gas pipeline 66 through the fresh air delivery pipe 62 at a flow rate of 0.4m³ / min, temporarily supplying the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator 5 to ensure the breathing safety of the workers.

[0056] Step 4: After receiving the alarm, the maintenance personnel will arrive at the scene within 5 minutes, shut down the negative pressure exhaust device 26 of the secondary wastewater purification device 2, disassemble the filter cartridge dust removal device 24 for cleaning, and replace the clogged filter cartridge elements; at the same time, check the adsorption performance of the alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device 22 and the manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device 23, and after confirming that there is no saturation failure, reassemble the device and start it up.

[0057] Step 5: After troubleshooting, the sensor of the airflow control device 3 detects that the gas parameters have returned to normal. The maintenance personnel manually restore the clean air delivery control device 63 to the off state, and the wireless receiving and control system 10 drives the air curtain 32 to reopen, and the system returns to the normal purification and oxygen supply mode.

[0058] Assume that the dust concentration changes with time during the fault period according to a linear growth model: C(t) = C0 + kt; Where C0 is the initial exceedance concentration of 3.5 mg / m³, k is the growth rate of 0.2 mg / (m³·min), and t is the duration of the fault in minutes; If the emergency system is not activated in time, the dust concentration will reach C(10)=3.5+0.2×10=5.5mg / m³ after 10 minutes, far exceeding the safety threshold; however, this system can keep the dust concentration in the work area below 1.5mg / m³ through emergency switching, effectively avoiding health risks.

[0059] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-altitude mine oxygen-enriched circulating ventilation system, characterized in that: It includes a transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1), a secondary waste air purification device (2), an airflow control device (3), a compressed air duct (4), an oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5), an oxygen fresh air delivery device (6), a clean air storage device (7), an oxygen storage device (8), a backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device (9), and a wireless receiving and control system (10). The transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1) is connected in series with the secondary sludge purification device (2) for primary dust removal of underground sludge; the secondary sludge purification device (2) is connected in series with the airflow control device (3) for deep purification of the gas after primary purification; the airflow control device (3) is connected with the oxygen fresh air delivery device (6) for real-time monitoring of the purified gas parameters and regulating the airflow interruption; the compressed air pipe (4) is installed above the roadway for delivering underground sludge to the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1); the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5) is sealed and connected to the main gas delivery pipe (66) of the oxygen fresh air delivery device (6) for... The oxygen fresh air delivery device (6) is connected to the clean air storage device (7), the oxygen storage device (8), and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device (9) to achieve airflow mixing, temperature control, and backup gas source switching. The clean air storage device (7) and the oxygen storage device (8) are equipped with built-in gas detection systems to monitor the internal gas quality and safety. The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device (9) is located on one side of the work area to supply oxygen-enriched fresh air in emergencies. The wireless receiving and control system (10) is connected to each wireless sensor and actuator to receive monitoring information and issue control commands.

2. The high-altitude mine oxygenation and circulation ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1) includes a vortex fan blade (11), an ellipsoidal vortex generator (12), a support structure (13), an outlet pipe (14), a device housing (15), and a dust collection bin (16); the vortex fan blade (11) is fixedly mounted on the device housing (15), the ellipsoidal vortex generator (12) is fixedly mounted on the outlet pipe (14) through the support structure (13), the dust collection bin (16) is sealed to the device housing (15), and the outlet pipe (14) is connected to the secondary wastewater purification device (2); The transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device (1) uses cyclone fan blades (11) to perform initial cyclone separation of dust particles with a diameter ≥40μm, and then uses ellipsoidal cyclone separators (12) to perform secondary cyclone separation of dust particles with a diameter of 10μm-40μm. The separated dust particles are collected in the dust collection bin (16) under the action of gravity, and the gas after preliminary purification is introduced into the secondary waste gas purification device (2) through the outlet pipe (14).

3. The high-altitude mine oxygenation and circulation ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary wastewater purification device (2) includes a small mesh filter (21), an alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device (22), a manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device (23), a filter cartridge dust removal device (24), a pulse cleaning device (25), a negative pressure exhaust device (26), and an outer shell protection device (27). The secondary wastewater purification device (2) is connected in series between the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1) and the airflow control device (3). The small-mesh filter (21) is assembled between the outer shell protection device (27) and the filter cleaning chamber (211). The alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device (22) and the manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device (23) are sequentially arranged between the small-mesh filter (21) and the filter cartridge dust removal device (24). The cartridge dust collector (24) is fixed to the support frame (242) and installed between the outer shell protection device (27) and the cartridge cleaning chamber (241). The pulse cleaning device (25) is rigidly connected to the support frame (242). The negative pressure exhaust device (26) is arranged on the rear side of the cartridge dust collector (24). After the gas is initially purified by the transverse cyclone pre-dust removal device, it enters the secondary waste gas purification device (2). First, it passes through the small mesh filter (21) to intercept dust particles with a diameter ≤10μm. Then, it passes through the alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device (22) to adsorb nitrogen oxides and the manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device (23) to adsorb carbon oxides. Finally, it passes through the cartridge dust removal device (24) to intercept micro-particle dust with a diameter ≤0.3μm. When the pressure drop of the cartridge dust removal device (24) reaches the set threshold, the pulse cleaning device (25) is started. The high-pressure pulse airflow cleans the cartridge dust removal device (24), and the airflow vibration drives the small mesh filter (21) to clean. The detached dust is collected in the cartridge cleaning chamber (241) and the filter screen cleaning chamber (211), respectively. The negative pressure exhaust device (26) maintains the negative pressure exhaust state throughout the process.

4. The high-altitude mine oxygenation and circulation ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The airflow control device (3) includes a wireless adjustable air curtain device (31), an air curtain panel (32), a dust concentration detection wireless sensor (33), a carbon monoxide wireless sensor (34), a nitrogen oxide wireless sensor (35), and a wireless controllable alarm light (36). The airflow control device (3) is located between the secondary waste air purification device (2) and the oxygen fresh air delivery device (6). The wireless adjustable air curtain device (31) is installed on the side of the air curtain plate (32). The dust concentration detection wireless sensor (33), carbon monoxide wireless sensor (34), and nitrogen oxide wireless sensor (35) are embedded inside the air curtain plate (32). The wireless controllable alarm light (36) is fixed above the air curtain plate (32). The compressed air pipe (4) is installed above the roadway and is used to deliver underground waste air to the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1). The airflow control device (3) uses a dust concentration detection wireless sensor (33), a carbon monoxide wireless sensor (34), and a nitrogen oxide wireless sensor (35) to detect the parameters of the purified gas in real time. When the parameters exceed the standard, the dust concentration detection wireless sensor (33), the carbon monoxide wireless sensor (34), and the nitrogen oxide wireless sensor (35) simultaneously send signals to the wireless receiving and control system (10) and the wireless controllable alarm light (36). The wireless controllable alarm light (36) activates the alarm, and the wireless receiving and control system (10) drives the wireless adjustable air curtain device (31) to close the air curtain plate (32). At the same time, the clean air delivery control device (63) automatically turns on, and the clean air storage device (7) delivers clean air to the main gas pipeline (66).

5. A high-altitude mine oxygenation and circulation ventilation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5) is sealed and connected to the main gas pipeline (66) of the oxygen fresh air delivery device (6); the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5) includes a support plate (51) and an annular airflow nozzle (52) installed in the support plate (51). The annular airflow nozzle (52) sprays an annular airflow band into the roadway, with a vertical height of 0.5m-1.5m from the bottom of the roadway and a horizontal coverage range adapted to the working area.

6. A high-altitude mine oxygen-enriched circulating ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oxygen fresh air delivery device (6) includes a connecting box (61), a fresh air delivery pipe (62), a clean air delivery control device (63), an oxygen delivery control device (64), an oxygen delivery pipe (65), a main gas delivery pipeline (66), a backup fresh air delivery pipeline (67), and a backup fresh air control device (68). The connecting box (61) is sealed and connected to both the main gas pipeline (66) and the airflow control device (3). The two ends of the fresh air delivery pipe (62) are connected to the clean air storage device (7) and the main gas pipeline (66) respectively. The clean air delivery control device (63) is connected in series to the fresh air delivery pipe (62). The oxygen delivery control device (64) is mounted on the oxygen delivery pipe (65). The two ends of the oxygen delivery pipe (65) are connected to the oxygen storage device (8) and the main gas pipeline (66) respectively. The backup fresh air delivery pipe (67) is connected to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5) and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device (9) respectively. The backup fresh air control device (68) is connected in series to the backup fresh air delivery pipe (67).

7. A high-altitude mine oxygen-enriched circulating ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas transmission main pipeline (66) is equipped with a wind temperature wireless sensor (661) and the inner wall is coated with a new phase change temperature control material (662); the wind temperature wireless sensor (661) monitors the airflow temperature in the pipeline and sends an early warning signal to the wireless receiving and control system (10) when the temperature is lower than the preset threshold. The novel phase change temperature control material (662) automatically regulates the airflow temperature; the novel phase change temperature control material (662) has the following composition by mass percentage: 35% microencapsulated phase change core material, 40% water-based acrylic emulsion, 5% nano silica, 1.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 3% polyethylene glycol 400, 2% organosilane coupling agent, and 12.5% ​​deionized water; the microencapsulated phase change core material is a palmitic acid-stearic acid-lauric acid composite system with a phase change temperature of 28℃.

8. A high-altitude mine oxygen-enriched circulating ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clean air storage device (7) is sealed to the fresh air delivery pipe (62), and has an internal air detection system (72). A clean air wireless alarm light (71) is fixedly installed on the top of the main body. The air detection system (72) of the clean air storage device (7) monitors the internal gas quality and safety in real time. When a safety hazard is detected, it sends a signal to the wireless receiving and control system (10). The wireless receiving and control system (10) controls the clean air delivery control device (63) to shut down and simultaneously starts the backup fresh air control device (68). The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device (9) supplies oxygen-enriched fresh air to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5).

9. A high-altitude mine oxygenation and circulation ventilation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The oxygen storage device (8) is sealed to the oxygen delivery pipe (65). The oxygen storage device (8) has an internal oxygen detection system (82) and an oxygen wireless alarm light (81) is fixed on the top of the main body. The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device (9) is located on one side of the worker's work area and is sealed to the backup fresh air delivery pipe (67). The oxygen detection system (82) of the oxygen storage device (8) monitors the internal gas quality and safety in real time. When a safety hazard is detected, it sends a signal to the wireless receiving and control system (10). The wireless receiving and control system (10) controls the oxygen delivery control device (64) to shut down and simultaneously starts the backup fresh air control device (68). The backup oxygen-enriched fresh air storage device (9) supplies oxygen-enriched fresh air to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5).

10. A method for using a precision oxygenation and circulation ventilation system for high-altitude mines, characterized in that: The application of the high-altitude mine precision oxygenation and circulation ventilation system according to claim 9 includes the following steps: S1: Before operating in the mine, complete the system initialization preparation work: confirm that the compressed air pipeline (4) is sealed and connected to the underground roadway, turn on the negative pressure exhaust device (26) of the secondary sewage air purification device (2), start the wireless receiving and control system (10), and turn on the dust concentration detection wireless sensor (33), carbon monoxide wireless sensor (34), nitrogen oxide wireless sensor (35) of the airflow control device (3), as well as the air detection system (72) of the clean air storage device (7) and the oxygen detection system (82) of the oxygen storage device (8), to ensure that all sensors, valves and actuators are in standby mode; S2: After the mine operation starts, the compressed air pipeline (4) continuously sends the underground sewage air into the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1). After the initial vortex by the vortex fan blades (11), the dust particles with a diameter ≥40μm are separated by centrifugal force. The sewage air after the initial vortex flows through the ellipsoidal vortex generator (12) for secondary vortexing, separating the dust particles with a diameter of 10μm-40μm. The separated dust falls into the dust collection bin (16) under gravity. After the initial purification by the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1), the gas enters the secondary sewage air purification device (2) through the outlet pipe (14). S3: In the secondary waste gas purification device (2), the gas passes through the small mesh filter (21) to intercept dust with a particle size <10μm, the alkaline modified activated carbon adsorption device (22) to adsorb nitrogen oxides, the manganese oxide-based composite adsorption device (23) to adsorb carbon oxides, and the filter cartridge dust removal device (24) to intercept dust with a particle size <0.3μm, thereby achieving deep purification of the waste gas; the negative pressure exhaust device (26) maintains negative pressure throughout the process to ensure stable airflow; when the pressure drop of the filter cartridge dust removal device (24) reaches the set threshold, the pulse cleaning device (25) is started to clean the filter cartridge dust removal device (24) and the small mesh filter (21) simultaneously, and the detached dust is collected in the filter cartridge cleaning chamber (241) and the filter screen cleaning chamber (211) respectively; S4: The gas, after being deeply purified by the secondary waste gas purification device (2), enters the airflow control device (3). The airflow control device (3) uses a dust concentration detection wireless sensor (33), a carbon monoxide wireless sensor (34), and a nitrogen oxide wireless sensor (35) to monitor the gas parameters in real time. If the dust concentration, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide content are all within the safety threshold, the wireless receiving and control system (10) maintains the wireless adjustable air curtain device (31) in the open state. The purified gas enters the main gas transmission pipeline (66) through the connecting box (61) and mixes with the oxygen delivered by the oxygen storage device (8) to form oxygen-enriched fresh air. The new phase change temperature control material (662) on the inner wall of the main gas transmission pipeline (66) automatically regulates the airflow temperature to 22-28℃. The air temperature wireless sensor device (661) monitors and feeds back the temperature data in real time. The oxygen-enriched fresh air is delivered to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5) through the main gas transmission pipeline (66) and sprays an annular airflow band into the working area through the annular airflow nozzle (52) to supply fresh air to the personnel in the well. If the dust concentration, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide content detected by the airflow control device (3) exceeds the standard, the wireless controllable alarm light (36) will activate the on-site alarm, and the wireless receiving and control system (10) will drive the wireless adjustable air curtain device (31) to close the air curtain plate (32) and cut off the flow of unqualified gas to the work area; at the same time, the normally closed clean air delivery control device (63) will be automatically turned on, and the clean air in the clean air storage device (7) will be delivered to the main gas pipeline (66) through the fresh air delivery pipe (62) to temporarily supply the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5). After the fault is cleared, the clean air delivery control device (63) will be manually turned off. S7: If the air detection system (72) or oxygen detection system (82) detects a safety hazard in the gas, the wireless receiving and control system (10) will simultaneously shut down the clean air delivery control device (63) and the oxygen delivery control device (64) to cut off the conventional gas source; at the same time, the backup fresh air control device (68) will be activated, and the backup oxygen-enriched fresh air inside will be delivered to the oxygen-enriched fresh air generator (5) through the backup fresh air delivery pipe (67) to ensure the continuity of operation and personnel safety. S8: After the operation is completed, first turn off the sewage extraction function of the compressed air pipe (4), then stop the operation of the transverse vortex pre-dust removal device (1) and the secondary sewage purification device (2) in sequence, then turn off the wireless receiving and control system (10) and various sensors, and finally check and clean the dust in the dust collection bin (16), filter cartridge cleaning bin (241) and filter screen cleaning bin (211) to complete the system shutdown.

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