Irregular filling stope section closing system and method
By using hinged frames, retractable horizontal curved beams and telescopic columns, combined with zipper-type composite flexible sealing layers and removable isolation layers, the adaptability and construction efficiency of the sealing system for irregular filling mining areas are solved, achieving efficient sealing and support effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING MINING & METALLURGICAL TECH GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for closed retaining walls in filled mining areas cannot adapt to irregular cross-sections and suffer from problems such as long construction periods, high project costs, limited load-bearing capacity, or low dewatering efficiency.
The system employs a hinged frame, retractable horizontal curved beams and telescopic columns, combined with a zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer and a removable isolation layer, to form a closed system that adapts to irregular cross-sections. The angle of the frame unit is adjusted by hinge connectors and locking bolts, and the sealing and support of the sealing layer are achieved by using adjustable height connecting lugs and telescopic beam segments.
It achieves good adaptation to irregular cross-sections, has excellent load-bearing capacity, shortens the construction period, and reduces project costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN122040291A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of mining technology, and more specifically, to a system and method for sealing irregularly filled stope sections. Background Technology
[0002] Backfilling mining, a core technology in underground mining, involves injecting backfill grout into the goaf to form artificial supports, playing a crucial role in effectively controlling roof and floor displacement and surrounding rock stability. The backfilled stope retaining wall, a key structure in this system, must simultaneously meet three functional requirements: seepage prevention, efficient dewatering, and convenient installation. It must also adapt to irregular cross-sections formed by over- or under-excavation in underground roadways.
[0003] The current technology system for filling and sealing retaining walls mainly includes three structural forms: rigid retaining walls, flexible retaining walls, and prefabricated steel structure retaining walls. Among them, rigid retaining walls, although having high load-bearing capacity, have drawbacks such as long construction cycles, high project costs, and low dewatering efficiency; flexible retaining walls perform well in dewatering performance, but their load-bearing capacity is limited and they are only suitable for small-section mining conditions; prefabricated steel structure retaining walls have the advantages of reusability and rapid installation, but they cannot be adapted to irregular cross-sectional contours. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a system and method for sealing irregularly filled mining sections, which can be adapted to irregular cross-sectional contours, has good load-bearing capacity, shortens the construction period, and reduces project costs.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sealing system for irregularly filled mining section sections, the sealing system comprising: A hinged frame is arranged around the circumference of the roadway, and the shape of the hinged frame is adapted to the irregular cross-sectional outline of the mining area. The hinged frame includes a top frame section and a side frame section, and the two side frame sections are respectively set on both sides of the top frame section. A transverse arc-shaped beam is arranged vertically between the two side frame segments. Its two ends are detachably connected to the two side frame segments through adjustable height connecting lugs. The transverse arc-shaped beam can extend or shorten along its own arc length. Telescopic columns are arranged horizontally between the two side frame sections. Each telescopic column is vertically fixed to each of the transverse arc beams. The top of the telescopic column is detachably connected to the top frame section. The bottom of the telescopic column is anchored to the tunnel floor by anchor cables. The telescopic column can extend or shorten along its own axis. A zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer covers the side of the hinged frame facing the mining area. The zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer includes an integrated composite steel wire mesh layer and a geotextile layer. Its edge is provided with a movable zipper strap. The movable zipper strap engages with the zipper seat provided on the hinged frame to form a zipper structure. The isolation layer is disassembled and covered on the side of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer facing the mining area. The disassembled isolation layer overlaps with the rock wall of the roadway and is fixed by rigid pressure strips and expansion bolts. A bottom connecting device is provided in the bottom area of the hinged frame. The bottom connecting device can be either a bottom frame segment or a horizontal arc beam. When the bottom connecting device is a bottom frame segment, the bottom frame segment is connected end to end with the top frame segment and the side frame segment to form the hinged frame.
[0006] In an optional embodiment, the top frame segment, the side frame segment, and the bottom frame segment are each composed of multiple frame units that are hinged together in sequence; adjacent frame units are hinged together by hinge connectors, the hinge connectors including hinge shafts and angle locking bolts, and the frame units are provided with hinge ears with arc-shaped adjustment holes at both ends. The angle locking bolts pass through the arc-shaped adjustment holes and are locked to lock the relative rotation angle of adjacent frame units.
[0007] In an optional embodiment, in the top frame segment, one frame unit rotates relative to another frame unit along a first axis direction by a first preset angle, and one frame unit rotates relative to another frame unit along a second axis direction by a second preset angle, the second axis direction being parallel to the tunnel cross-section, and the first axis direction being parallel to the tunnel extension direction.
[0008] In an optional embodiment, the transverse arc-shaped beam includes a fixed beam segment, a telescopic beam segment, a limiting member, and a locking member. The fixed beam segment is arc-shaped, and the two telescopic beam segments are respectively slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed beam segment, and the two telescopic beam segments are arc-shaped with the fixed beam segment. The two limiting members are respectively disposed at both ends of the fixed beam segment to limit the sliding stroke of the telescopic beam segment, and one locking member passes through the fixed beam segment and one telescopic beam segment.
[0009] In an optional embodiment, the connecting ear includes a slider, an ear plate, and a locking member. The slider is slidably engaged with the side frame segment, the ear plate is rotatably connected to the slider, the ear plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic beam segment, and the locking member passes through the connecting ear and is locked to a preset position on the side frame segment.
[0010] In an optional embodiment, the zipper seat includes a fixed base plate and a metal zipper tooth row integrally formed on the fixed base plate. The movable zipper belt includes a base belt and an adapter tooth row, which meshes with the metal zipper tooth row. An elastic sealing strip is embedded in the tooth groove of the metal zipper tooth row, which deforms under pressure after meshing to fill the gap. The zipper structure also includes a slidable zipper head, which is provided with an anti-slip handle and a locking buckle.
[0011] In an optional embodiment, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer is divided into two rectangular sealing blocks and a top arc-shaped sealing block; the four sides of the two rectangular sealing blocks are connected by straight zipper straps, the edge of the top arc-shaped sealing block is provided with an arc-shaped movable zipper strap and a straight zipper strap, the zipper seat of the top frame segment is engaged with the arc-shaped movable zipper strap, and the zipper seat of the uppermost horizontal arc-shaped beam is engaged with the straight zipper strap.
[0012] In an optional embodiment, the top arc-shaped sealing block is a pre-formed arc-shaped composite unit. The curvature of the top arc-shaped sealing block is adapted to the top edge segment and a preset elastic stretch amount is reserved. Tension adjustment buckles are provided at both ends of the top arc-shaped sealing block and are detachably connected to the hanging rings on the top edge segment for tightening and fitting the top arc surface of the tunnel.
[0013] In an optional embodiment, the enclosure system further includes an auxiliary support assembly, which includes diagonal braces and auxiliary anchors. One end of the diagonal brace is hinged to the hinged frame or transverse arc beam, and the other end is fixed to the top or bottom plate of the tunnel via the auxiliary anchors.
[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for sealing an irregularly filled mining section, the sealing method comprising: Survey the geometry of the closed section to determine the positioning points and the combination of hinged frame, transverse arc beam, telescopic column, zipper-type composite flexible enclosure layer, disassembly isolation layer and bottom connection device; Drill holes around the perimeter of the closed area section to anchor the hinged frame to the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and install the bottom connecting device. Each of the horizontal arc beams is installed at intervals along the horizontal direction. When installing each of the horizontal arc beams, the horizontal arc beam is first driven to extend and retract to adapt to the cross-sectional width, and then the position of the connecting ear seat on the side frame section of the hinge frame is adjusted to install the horizontal arc beam horizontally. The telescopic columns are installed at intervals along the vertical direction. When installing each telescopic column, the telescopic column is first driven to extend and retract to adapt to the cross-sectional height. Then, the top of the telescopic column is connected to the top frame segment of the hinged frame, and the bottom of the telescopic column is anchored to the tunnel floor through anchor cables. The movable zipper strip of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer engages with the zipper seat to form a seal against the irregular cross-section; A disassembly isolation layer is laid on the side of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer facing the mining area, so that it overlaps with the rock wall on all sides and is fixed with rigid pressure strips and expansion bolts; Inject filling material into the mining area. After solidification or stabilization, remove the hinged frame, the transverse arc beam, the telescopic column, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer, the disassembly isolation layer, and the bottom connecting device.
[0015] Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this application are: This application, through its hinged frame, retractable horizontal curved beam, and retractable telescopic column, can adapt to irregular cross-sectional contours and has good load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, by assembling the hinged frame, horizontal curved beam, telescopic column, zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer, disassembly isolation layer, and bottom connection device, this application shortens the construction period and reduces project costs. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 The following are construction schematic diagrams of the irregular filling stope section sealing system in some embodiments; Figure 2 An exploded view of the hinged frame, zipper-type composite flexible closure layer, and removable isolation layer is shown in some embodiments; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection between adjacent border units of the side frame segment is shown in some embodiments; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection between adjacent border units of the top border segment is shown in some embodiments; Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an irregularly filled stope section sealing system in a roadway is shown in some embodiments; Figure 6 The diagram shows the connection between the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer and the zipper structure in some embodiments; Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 8 A construction diagram of the border unit being constructed in the surrounding rock is shown in some embodiments; Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the border unit is shown in some embodiments; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the border unit is shown in some embodiments; Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the connecting ear seat is shown in some embodiments; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the transverse arc beam is shown in some embodiments; Figure 13 The diagram shows the connection between the side frame segment and the connecting ear in some embodiments; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the telescopic column is shown in some embodiments; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the zipper-type composite flexible closure layer in some embodiments is shown.
[0018] Explanation of key component symbols: 10-Surrounding rock; 100-Hinged frame; 110-Top frame segment; 120-Side frame segment; 101-Frame unit; 101a-Adjusting elongated hole; 102-Hinge connector; 102a-Hinge shaft; 102b-Angle locking bolt; 103-Anchor bolt; 200-Transverse arc beam; 210-Fixed beam segment; 220-Telescopic beam segment; 230-Connecting lug; 231-Slider; 232-Ear plate; 300-Telescopic column; 31 0-Fixed column segment; 320-Telescopic column segment; 400-Zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer; 410-Steel wire mesh layer; 411-Reinforcing rib; 420-Geotextile layer; 401-Rectangular sealing block on both sides; 402-Top arc-shaped sealing block; 403-Overlapping part; 500-Removable isolation layer; 600-Bottom connecting device; 700-Zipper structure; 710-Zipper head; 720-Sealing strip; x-First axis direction; y-Second axis direction. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0020] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0022] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides an irregular filling mining section sealing system (hereinafter referred to as the sealing system). The sealing system includes a hinged frame 100, a transverse arc beam 200, a telescopic column 300, a zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400, a disassembly isolation layer 500, and a bottom connecting device 600.
[0025] The hinged frame 100 is arranged around the circumference of the roadway, and the shape of the hinged frame 100 is adapted to the irregular cross-sectional profile of the mining area. The hinged frame 100 includes a top frame section 110 and a side frame section 120, and the two side frame sections 120 are respectively arranged on both sides of the top frame section 110.
[0026] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The top frame segment 110, the side frame segment 120, and the bottom frame segment (described later) are each composed of multiple frame units 101 connected in sequence by hinges. Adjacent frame units 101 are hinged together by hinge connectors 102. The hinge connectors 102 include hinge shafts 102a and angle locking bolts 102b. The frame units 101 are provided with hinge ears with arc-shaped adjustment holes at both ends. The angle locking bolts 102b pass through the arc-shaped adjustment holes and are locked to lock the relative rotation angle of adjacent frame units 101.
[0027] The hinge connector 102 includes a hinge shaft 102a and an angle locking bolt 102b. The two ends of the frame unit 101 are provided with hinge ears. The hinge ears of adjacent column units are hinged through the hinge shaft 102a. An arc-shaped adjustment hole is provided on the hinge ear. The angle locking bolt 102b passes through the arc-shaped adjustment hole and is locked by a nut.
[0028] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the top border segment 110, one border unit 101 rotates relative to another border unit 101 along the first axis direction x by a first preset angle, and one border unit 101 rotates relative to another border unit 101 along the second axis direction y by a second preset angle. The second axis direction y is parallel to the tunnel cross-section, and the first axis direction x is parallel to the tunnel extension direction.
[0029] The hinged frame 100 has a continuous zipper seat on the side facing the mining area. The zipper seat is set along the outline of the hinged frame 100, that is, each frame unit 101 is provided with a zipper seat, and multiple zipper seats form a continuous zipper seat.
[0030] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7The zipper seat includes a fixed base plate and a metal zipper tooth row integrally formed on the fixed base plate. The movable zipper belt includes a base belt and an adapter tooth row, which meshes with the metal zipper tooth row. An elastic sealing strip 720 is embedded in the tooth groove of the metal zipper tooth row, which deforms under pressure after meshing to fill the gap. The zipper structure 700 also includes a slidable zipper head 710, which is provided with an anti-slip handle and a locking buckle. After meshing, the locking buckle locks the position of the integrated zipper head 710.
[0031] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 6 It is understood that the zipper seat of the side frame segment 120 is straight, and the zipper seat of the top frame segment 110 is curved.
[0032] Please see Figures 8 to 10 In this embodiment, the hinged frame 100 can be anchored to the surrounding rock of the tunnel 10. Specifically, the hinged frame 100 also includes an anchor rod 103 and an anchor plate. The anchor rod 103 is embedded in the surrounding rock of the tunnel 10, and the anchor plate is detachably connected to the frame unit 101 by bolts. The frame unit 101 has an adjustment elongated hole 101a extending along its own length direction. The bolt of the anchor plate passes through the adjustment elongated hole 101a and is locked by a nut.
[0033] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 11 The transverse arc beams 200 are arranged vertically between the two side frame segments 120. Both ends of the transverse arc beams 200 are detachably connected to the two side frame segments 120 through adjustable height connecting lugs 230. The transverse arc beams 200 can be extended or shortened along their own arc length.
[0034] Please see Figure 12 The transverse arc-shaped beam 200 includes a fixed beam segment 210, a telescopic beam segment 220, a limiting member (not shown in the figure), and a locking member (not shown in the figure). The fixed beam segment 210 is arc-shaped, and the two telescopic beam segments 220 are respectively slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed beam segment 210, and the two telescopic beam segments 220 and the fixed beam segment 210 are arc-shaped. The two limiting members are respectively disposed at both ends of the fixed beam segment 210 to limit the sliding stroke of the telescopic beam segment 220. One locking member passes through the fixed beam segment 210 and the telescopic beam segment 220.
[0035] To improve the strength of the transverse arc beam 200, in this embodiment, reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner sides of both the fixed beam segment 210 and the telescopic beam segment 220, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along the arc direction of the automatic telescopic arc beam.
[0036] Please see Figures 11 to 13The connecting ear seat 230 includes a slider 231, an ear plate 232, and a locking member (not shown in the figure). The slider 231 is slidably engaged with the side frame segment 120. The ear plate 232 is rotatably connected to the slider 231. The ear plate 232 is fixedly connected to the telescopic beam segment 220. The locking member passes through the connecting ear seat 230 and is locked to a preset position on the side frame segment 120.
[0037] Please see Figure 1 The telescopic columns 300 are arranged horizontally between the two side frame sections 120. Each telescopic column 300 is vertically fixed to each of the transverse arc beams 200. The top of the telescopic column 300 is detachably connected to the top frame section 110. The bottom of the telescopic column 300 is anchored to the tunnel floor by anchor cables. The telescopic column 300 can extend or shorten along its own axis.
[0038] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 14 Specifically, the telescopic column 300 is tubular. Taking telescopic extension at both ends as an example, the telescopic column 300 includes a fixed column section 310 and two telescopic column sections 320. The two telescopic column sections 320 are respectively slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed column section 310. Of course, the telescopic column 300 can also adopt a one-end telescopic method, or the telescopic column 300 can also adopt a multi-segment continuous telescopic method.
[0039] The aforementioned transverse arc beam 200 and telescopic column 300 can be telescopically extended or telescopically extended, including manual telescopic and electric telescopic. The manual telescopic method is controlled manually by the construction personnel, while the electric telescopic method involves adding a telescopic drive assembly to the transverse arc beam 200 and telescopic column 300, which is achieved by at least one of the following methods: motor drive, cylinder drive, hydraulic cylinder drive, or electric push rod.
[0040] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 A zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 covers the side of the hinged frame 100 facing the mining area. The zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 includes an integrated composite steel wire mesh layer 410 and a geotextile layer 420. Its edge is provided with a movable zipper strip. The movable zipper strip engages with the zipper seat provided on the hinged frame 100 to form a zipper structure 700.
[0041] Pulling the zipper head 710 allows for quick sealing or separation of the metal zipper teeth from the matching teeth.
[0042] In this embodiment, the steel wire chain mesh layer 410 can be configured to have a certain degree of extensibility, and integrated reinforcing ribs 411 are evenly distributed on the frame and inside; the steel wire chain mesh layer 410 and the geotextile layer 420 are fixed together by point-like hot pressing composite or interval binding to form an integrated structure.
[0043] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 15 In some embodiments, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 is composed of two pieces. The zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 is divided into two rectangular sealing blocks 401 and a top arc-shaped sealing block 402. The four sides of the two rectangular sealing blocks 401 are connected by straight zipper straps. The edge of the top arc-shaped sealing block 402 is provided with an arc-shaped movable zipper strap and a straight zipper strap. The zipper seat of the top frame segment 110 is engaged with the arc-shaped movable zipper strap. The zipper seat of the uppermost horizontal arc-shaped beam 200 is engaged with the straight zipper strap.
[0044] The top arc-shaped sealing block 402 is a pre-formed arc-shaped composite unit. The curvature of the top arc-shaped sealing block 402 is adapted to the top frame segment 110 and a preset elastic stretch is reserved. The top arc-shaped sealing block 402 is provided with tension adjustment buckles at both ends, which are detachably connected to the hanging rings on the top frame segment 110 to tighten and fit the top arc surface of the tunnel, ensuring a tight fit with the top arc surface.
[0045] The preformed arc-shaped composite unit adopts an integrated hot-pressing structure of "pre-bent steel wire mesh layer + arc-shaped geotextile layer". The preset elastic tensile amount is 5%-8%.
[0046] The steel wire chain mesh layer 410 of the top arc-shaped closed block 402 has a mesh density of 6 cm × 6 cm, and the geotextile layer 420 is made of elastic geotextile filter cloth with a breaking elongation ≥ 30%.
[0047] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 6 In some other embodiments, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 is divided into several blocks, each block being fixed within a cell separated by the hinge-type frame 100, the telescopic column 300, and the transverse arc beam 200. In this case, zipper seats are also provided on the telescopic column 300 and the transverse arc beam 200, and the outer contour of each block is provided with a movable zipper strap.
[0048] Within each segment, the movable zipper tape can be set to be continuous. In this case, it is required that the zipper seats on the hinged frame 100, telescopic column 300 and transverse arc beam 200 be seamlessly connected, and the zipper composite flexible sealing layer 400 of each segment can be fixed by a zipper head 710.
[0049] Both the telescopic column 300 and the transverse arc beam 200 are double-sided zipper seats. For example, on a telescopic column 300, two zipper seats are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the telescopic column 300, thereby providing engagement for two adjacent sections respectively.
[0050] Depending on the location of the zipper seat, the fixed base plate is fixedly connected to the corresponding connected component. For example, if the zipper seat is located on the hinge frame 100, the fixed base plate is fixedly connected to the hinge frame 100. Alternatively, if the zipper seat is located on the telescopic column 300, the fixed base plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic column 300. Or, if the zipper seat is located on the transverse arc beam 200, the fixed base plate is fixedly connected to the transverse arc beam 200.
[0051] The zipper seat can be secured in various ways, including but not limited to screw fasteners, welding, or high-strength screws. No restrictions are imposed here.
[0052] In specific implementation, the edge of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 is provided with an overlap portion 403, the overlap portion 403 covers the rock wall of the tunnel, and the surface of the overlap portion 403 is provided with a sealing layer, the sealing layer being polyurethane sealant or cement grout.
[0053] Please see Figure 2 The disassembly isolation layer 500 covers the side of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 facing the mining area. The disassembly isolation layer 500 overlaps with the rock wall of the roadway and is fixed by rigid pressure strips and expansion bolts.
[0054] The aforementioned overlap distance is between 0.6 and 0.8 m. For example, when the isolation layer 500 is disassembled, the overlap distance between the edge of the rock face and the edge of the cross section is 0.7 m, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the overlap and avoiding leakage of the filling material.
[0055] In this embodiment, the disassembly isolation layer 500 can be bonded to the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400. The bonding method includes, but is not limited to, Velcro, glue, etc.
[0056] In some embodiments, the removal of the isolation layer 500 further includes a flexible sealing layer, which is a polyurethane elastic sealant, and the rigid pressure strip is an arc-shaped stainless steel pressure strip, which is fixed to the rock face by expansion bolts to compact the flexible sealing layer.
[0057] Please see Figure 1The bottom connecting device 600 is located in the bottom area of the hinged frame 100 and is used to connect and stably support the bottom end of the hinged frame 100. The bottom connecting device 600 can be either a bottom frame segment or a transverse arc beam 200. When the bottom connecting device 600 is a bottom frame segment, the bottom frame segment is connected end to end with the top frame segment 110 and the side frame segment 120 to form the hinged frame 100.
[0058] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 6 The bottom connecting device 600 is also equipped with a zipper seat, which forms a zipper structure 700 with the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400, so that the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 forms an all-round seal at the mining section.
[0059] The enclosure system also includes an auxiliary support assembly (not shown in the figure), which includes diagonal braces and auxiliary anchors. One end of the diagonal brace is hinged to the hinged frame 100 or the transverse arc beam 200, and the other end is fixed to the top or bottom plate of the tunnel through the auxiliary anchors.
[0060] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the above, this embodiment further explains the method for sealing irregularly filled mining sections as follows: S100. Survey the geometry of the closed section and determine the positioning points and the combination of the hinged frame 100, the transverse arc beam 200, the telescopic column 300, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400, the disassembly isolation layer 500 and the bottom connecting device 600.
[0061] S200. Drill holes around the perimeter of the closed area section to anchor the hinged frame 100 to the surrounding rock of the tunnel 10, and install the bottom connecting device 600.
[0062] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The installation of the hinged frame 100 includes a top frame segment 110 and a side frame segment 120. The frame units 101 in each segment are hinged in sequence and the angle is adjusted according to the inner contour of the irregular cross-section so that the hinged frame 100 is adapted to the irregular cross-section and is tightly installed in the tunnel to provide a sealed space for subsequent filling.
[0063] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 .
[0064] S300. Install each of the transverse arc beams 200 at intervals along the horizontal direction. When installing each of the transverse arc beams 200, first drive the transverse arc beam 200 to extend and retract to adapt to the cross-sectional width, then adjust the position of the connecting ear seat 230 on the side frame section 120 of the hinge frame 100, and install the transverse arc beam 200 horizontally.
[0065] If the bottom connecting device 600 is a bottom frame segment, before installing each of the transverse arc beams 200, the bottom frame segment is first installed on the roadway floor, and the bottom frame segment is fixedly connected to the side frame segments 120 on both sides, so that the top frame segment 110, the floor frame segment and the side frame segments 120 on both sides form an integral whole, thereby bearing the main load.
[0066] If the bottom connecting device 600 is a transverse arc beam 200, before installing each of the internal transverse arc beams 200, the bottom transverse arc beam 200 is first installed on the roadway floor, and the transverse arc beam 200 is fixedly connected to the side frame sections 120 on both sides, so that the top frame section 110, the bottom transverse arc beam 200 and the side frame sections 120 on both sides form an integral whole.
[0067] Please continue reading. Figure 1 and Figure 2 .
[0068] S400. Install each of the telescopic columns 300 at intervals along the vertical direction. When installing each of the telescopic columns 300, first drive the telescopic column 300 to extend and retract to adapt to the cross-sectional height, then connect the top of the telescopic column 300 to the top frame segment 110 of the hinged frame 100, and anchor the bottom of the telescopic column 300 to the tunnel floor through anchor cables.
[0069] S500. Engage the movable zipper strip of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 with the zipper seat to form a seal against the irregular cross-section.
[0070] S600. A disassembly isolation layer 500 is laid on the side of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400 facing the mining area, so that it overlaps with the rock face on all sides and is fixed with rigid pressure strips and expansion bolts.
[0071] After installing the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400, install auxiliary support components and stress monitoring devices. Install the stress monitoring devices at key monitoring locations on the zipper. When abnormal stress occurs, take timely reinforcement measures to prevent leakage of the filling material.
[0072] S700. Inject filling material into the mining area. After solidification or stabilization, remove the hinged frame 100, the transverse arc beam 200, the telescopic column 300, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400, the disassembly isolation layer 500, and the bottom connecting device 600.
[0073] The components that were removed also included auxiliary supports and stress monitoring devices.
[0074] This embodiment, through the hinged frame 100, the retractable horizontal arc beam 200, and the retractable telescopic column 300, can adapt to irregular cross-sectional contours and has good load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, by assembling the hinged frame 100, the horizontal arc beam 200, the telescopic column 300, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer 400, the removable isolation layer 500, and the bottom connecting device 600, this embodiment shortens the construction period and reduces the project cost.
[0075] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0076] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.
Claims
1. A sealing system for irregularly filled stope sections, characterized in that, include: A hinged frame is arranged around the circumference of the roadway, and the shape of the hinged frame is adapted to the irregular cross-sectional outline of the mining area. The hinged frame includes a top frame section and a side frame section, and the two side frame sections are respectively set on both sides of the top frame section. A transverse arc-shaped beam is arranged vertically between the two side frame segments. Its two ends are detachably connected to the two side frame segments through adjustable height connecting lugs. The transverse arc-shaped beam can extend or shorten along its own arc length. Telescopic columns are arranged horizontally between the two side frame sections. Each telescopic column is vertically fixed to each of the transverse arc beams. The top of the telescopic column is detachably connected to the top frame section. The bottom of the telescopic column is anchored to the tunnel floor by anchor cables. The telescopic column can extend or shorten along its own axis. A zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer covers the side of the hinged frame facing the mining area. The zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer includes an integrated composite steel wire mesh layer and a geotextile layer. Its edge is provided with a movable zipper strap. The movable zipper strap engages with the zipper seat provided on the hinged frame to form a zipper structure. The isolation layer is disassembled and covered on the side of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer facing the mining area. The disassembled isolation layer overlaps with the rock wall of the roadway and is fixed by rigid pressure strips and expansion bolts. A bottom connecting device is provided in the bottom area of the hinged frame. The bottom connecting device can be either a bottom frame segment or a horizontal arc beam. When the bottom connecting device is a bottom frame segment, the bottom frame segment is connected end to end with the top frame segment and the side frame segment to form the hinged frame.
2. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top frame segment, the side frame segment, and the bottom frame segment are each composed of multiple frame units that are hinged together in sequence. Adjacent frame units are hinged together by hinge connectors, which include hinge shafts and angle locking bolts. Each frame unit has hinge ears with arc-shaped adjustment holes at both ends. The angle locking bolts pass through the arc-shaped adjustment holes and are locked to lock the relative rotation angle of adjacent frame units.
3. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the top frame segment, one frame unit rotates relative to another frame unit along a first axis direction by a first preset angle, and one frame unit rotates relative to another frame unit along a second axis direction by a second preset angle. The second axis direction is parallel to the tunnel cross-section, and the first axis direction is parallel to the tunnel extension direction.
4. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The transverse arc-shaped beam includes a fixed beam segment, a telescopic beam segment, a limiting member, and a locking member. The fixed beam segment is arc-shaped, and the two telescopic beam segments are respectively slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed beam segment, and the two telescopic beam segments and the fixed beam segment are arc-shaped. The two limiting members are respectively disposed at both ends of the fixed beam segment to limit the sliding stroke of the telescopic beam segment. One locking member passes through the fixed beam segment and one telescopic beam segment.
5. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting lug includes a slider, a lug plate, and a locking member. The slider is slidably engaged with the side frame segment, the lug plate is rotatably connected to the slider, the lug plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic beam segment, and the locking member passes through the connecting lug and is locked to a preset position on the side frame segment.
6. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The zipper base includes a fixed base plate and a metal zipper tooth row integrally formed on the fixed base plate. The movable zipper belt includes a base belt and an adapter tooth row, which meshes with the metal zipper tooth row. An elastic sealing strip is embedded in the tooth groove of the metal zipper tooth row, which deforms under pressure after meshing to fill the gap. The zipper structure also includes a slidable zipper head, which is provided with an anti-slip handle and a locking buckle.
7. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer is divided into two rectangular sealing blocks and a top arc-shaped sealing block; the four sides of the two rectangular sealing blocks are connected by straight zipper straps, the edge of the top arc-shaped sealing block is provided with arc-shaped movable zipper straps and straight zipper straps, the zipper seat of the top frame segment is engaged with the arc-shaped movable zipper strap, and the zipper seat of the uppermost horizontal arc-shaped beam is engaged with the straight zipper strap.
8. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The top arc-shaped sealing block is a pre-formed arc-shaped composite unit. The curvature of the top arc-shaped sealing block is adapted to the top edge segment and a preset elastic stretch is reserved. The top arc-shaped sealing block is provided with tension adjustment buckles at both ends, which are detachably connected to the hanging rings on the top edge segment for tightening and fitting the top arc surface of the tunnel.
9. The irregular filling stope section sealing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary support assembly, which includes a diagonal brace and an auxiliary anchor. One end of the diagonal brace is hinged to the hinged frame or the transverse arc beam, and the other end is fixed to the top or bottom plate of the tunnel through the auxiliary anchor.
10. A method for sealing an irregularly filled stope cross-section, characterized in that, include: Survey the geometry of the closed section to determine the positioning points and the combination of hinged frame, transverse arc beam, telescopic column, zipper-type composite flexible enclosure layer, disassembly isolation layer and bottom connection device; Drill holes around the perimeter of the closed area section to anchor the hinged frame to the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and install the bottom connecting device. Each of the horizontal arc beams is installed at intervals along the horizontal direction. When installing each of the horizontal arc beams, the horizontal arc beam is first driven to extend and retract to adapt to the cross-sectional width, and then the position of the connecting ear seat on the side frame section of the hinge frame is adjusted to install the horizontal arc beam horizontally. The telescopic columns are installed at intervals along the vertical direction. When installing each telescopic column, the telescopic column is first driven to extend and retract to adapt to the cross-sectional height. Then, the top of the telescopic column is connected to the top frame segment of the hinged frame, and the bottom of the telescopic column is anchored to the tunnel floor through anchor cables. The movable zipper strip of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer engages with the zipper seat to form a seal against the irregular cross-section; A disassembly isolation layer is laid on the side of the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer facing the mining area, so that it overlaps with the rock wall on all sides and is fixed with rigid pressure strips and expansion bolts; Inject filling material into the mining area. After solidification or stabilization, remove the hinged frame, the transverse arc beam, the telescopic column, the zipper-type composite flexible sealing layer, the disassembly isolation layer, and the bottom connecting device.